Block garden house. Build a country house made of foam blocks with bricks, a strip monolithic foundation, a reinforced concrete prefabricated floor, a slate roof

A country house made of foam blocks has a number of advantages. This material provides fire safety, gives good thermal insulation, and the construction process does not take much time. The foam block is ideal option for the construction of small structures.

Material Advantages

The foam block is made from a cement-sand substance. By type of product they are divided into:

• foam concrete block;
• gas block.

The main advantages include:

• blocks have an exact shape and size, which gives them a quick laying;
• have high moisture resistance;
• relatively inexpensive material;
• the longer the service life, the greater their strength;
• have low thermal conductivity;
• have a small weight;
• easy to process.

When building a house from foam concrete products, we advise you to lay them on a cement mortar, this will increase the heat of the walls. When building a house from a gas silicate product, we recommend laying with a special glue.

Material disadvantages:

• the material is not able to withstand heavy loads;
• possible shrinkage of the structure and the formation of cracks.

If the house project is one-story, the strength of the foam concrete structure will be sufficient, the main thing is to strengthen the supporting row with reinforcement.

Foundation construction

How to build country house from foam blocks with your own hands? Typically for building country houses use the foundation of a tape shallowly recessed type. It can be done in several ways:

• make free laying from prefabricated blocks;
• using a reinforcing belt device;
• from monolithic reinforced concrete;
• using rigidly connected reinforced concrete blocks.

The method of building houses from foam blocks is based on studies of the properties of the soil of the land. For example, the reinforcement of the tape is performed with a landing and heaving type of soil.

The construction of the foundation for giving from foam blocks is carried out taking into account the following indicators:

• the width of the walls should be 20 cm;
• depth - no more than 60 cm;
• plinth height - 40 cm.

Important! With a heaving type of soil, it is necessary to make a pillow using a non-freezing material.

Stages of work:

• first you need to mark the site;
• then we dig trenches;
• we make a layer of sand and gravel cushion and carefully ram;
• laying waterproofing material;
• install formwork;
• we make fittings;
• fill everything with concrete.

In order for a house made of foam blocks with your own hands to be built with high quality, we advise you to adhere to the following rules:

• calculate the correct proportions for the solution;
• prevent the formation of voids in concrete;
• avoid interruptions when pouring the foundation.

country houses from foam blocks in the photo.

Expert advice! After pouring the foundation, it must be insulated, and in hot weather moisturize and protect from sunlight.

Walling

Before starting the construction of a country house from foam blocks, it is necessary to check the horizontalness of the base. Tolerances can be 3 cm, if the value is greater than the allowable, it is necessary to align it. An important point when laying the first row of walls is its accuracy. The curvature of the line is unacceptable, otherwise the house will not be built with high quality and will begin to collapse. For the construction of even walls it is necessary:

• determine the highest point, lay out the first block in the corner next to the marked place;
• install blocks in other corners;
• stretch the construction cord between the blocks and lay the masonry;
• then we perform the reinforcement of the first row, and then every fourth row, we fix a curved rod in the corners.
• using a grinder, we perform strobes at a distance of 6 cm from the block;
• we clean them of dust and moisten;
• pour the solution into the depth of the strobe;
• fix the rod, pre-wet it with water;
• fill the strain to the end.

Laying walls, taking into account building requirements, makes it possible to build a cottage from foam blocks without errors.

After the walls are ready, they need to be insulated with mineral wool or foam. If you correctly follow the entire process of warming the house, then the design will not be inferior to brick houses.

The quality of the cement slurry

The construction of a country house from foam blocks involves the use of high-quality cement mortar. For the strength of laying walls, you need to know which solution can be used. As a rule, builders use the following types:

• combination of cement and sand;
• cement, sand and lime addition;
• special glue for blocks.

When lime is added to the solution, it becomes plastic and fastens quickly. When using glue, thin seams can be made; in its structure, it has a liquid consistency.

Arrangement of door and window openings

For door and window openings use ready-made factory jumpers. They have a U-shaped section and are easily fixed in the structure. The openings are made as follows:

• the marking of the place of cut on the block is made;
• further saw grooves and chip off inner part;
• blocks are laid on top of the opening on a wooden support;
• fittings are fixed inside;
• everything is filled with concrete.

After the construction of the openings, you can proceed to the construction of the roof. Its type and material can be any.

Exterior decoration of the house

Foam concrete houses are highly resistant to moisture, but the surface layer of the product is able to absorb water into in large numbers. In order for the structure to be reliable and not subject to destruction, it should be closed with an exterior finish. For exterior finish houses from foam blocks, you can do the following:

• sheathe with siding;
• use decorative plaster;
• apply composite panels;
• decorate with artificial stone;
• paint with silicate paint.

After completion of all construction work, you can start conducting electricity, sewerage and heating systems.

A house made of foam blocks with your own hands is much cheaper than hired labor. For durable and robust design buildings do not need complex skills and knowledge in construction. A do-it-yourself country house built from foam blocks will bring any of your projects to life.

Foam blocks are a modern and highly demanded building material. This joint development of engineers and manufacturers has an inexpensive cost, allows you to build a structure in the shortest possible time, is safe from an environmental point of view, reliable and durable at the same time.

There is nothing surprising that more and more people are building houses and summer cottages from this material. In the article, we will look at the popular projects of foam block country houses, find out what nuances there are when using this material.

Description and features

Foam blocks are good because they have a decent size, allowing you to build a building in a very short time. This makes the construction process fast, and at the same time quite simple.

In general, no other building material can be compared with houses made of foam blocks in terms of the speed of construction. In one summer, you can build a country house, and in the fall you can already celebrate housewarming: with foam blocks, this is quite a common situation.

A big plus of the material is that immediately after the construction of the box at home, you can already start installing communications and interior decoration.

The production of foam blocks is an elementary, simple, but at the same time very interesting process. To prepare this building material, the cement mortar is mixed with sand and water, supplementing all this with a special foaming agent. The last component and attaches finished material specific porous structure. But how the construction of a bath from foam blocks takes place, and how this happens, you can understand by watching the video

On the video - how to build a country house from foam blocks:

The weight of one block is about 25 kg. It should be noted that this is a rather voluminous element. One block has the following standard parameters: 20x30x60 cm. Based on these figures, you can accurately calculate how many blocks will be needed to build a house of any area. Keep in mind that for the construction of one square meter the wall takes approximately 8.3 blocks.

Foam blocks are fastened not to cement, like bricks, but to a special glue that securely and firmly holds the wall elements in the same plane.

Pros of foam blocks

Let's find out what advantages this unique building material has.

Foam blocks are inexpensive, which is very important in present time. Of course, it is recommended to purchase this material with a margin of about one third due to its some fragility, but even in this case, foam blocks are beneficial.

Blocks weigh a little, which facilitates the construction process. In addition, this advantage does not create a strong load on the foundation. Due to the fact that the foam blocks are of decent size, the construction process is proceeding at a fast pace.

The material is easily processed: it can be cut, sawn, hewn, giving the necessary shape.

On the video - the advantages of foam blocks:

Foam blocks are environmentally friendly, safe for health, do not cause allergies, maintain an excellent microclimate in the building. They contain only water river sand and cement.

Due to the porous structure, the blocks contribute to the excellent thermal insulation of the country house. Apart from this the most important characteristic foam blocks also protect interior spaces from external sounds.

The speed of building houses from the foam block is really unique. So, a couple of working hands will cope with the construction of a medium-sized country house from foam blocks in one summer.

Due to its lightness, the material does not need a solid foundation, which reduces the cost and speeds up the construction of the building. Building a house from foam blocks is like playing a real-time constructor.

A country house made of foam concrete is very easy to finish on the outside. After the erection of the walls, the workers receive a ready-made flat plane, which only needs to be painted. If there is a need and desire for a more thorough finish, then you can easily finish the outer walls of foam blocks with siding, clapboard, panels, block house. Blocks have standard sizes and accurate, regular geometric shape, very convenient for construction.

Minuses

To complete the picture, it is also necessary to familiarize yourself with the shortcomings of the material.

Foam blocks are quite fragile - this is their main drawback. They easily crumble, break, break and deform when dropped. This is precisely the reason why when buying material it is recommended to purchase immediately a third more than the required amount.

The material is highly susceptible to water damage. Therefore, it is recommended to sheathe the house with protective material from the outside, as well as provide the building with high-quality waterproofing.

Blocks are not the most durable building material. It is guaranteed to serve 50 years, and then - how lucky: it all depends on external conditions, compliance with construction technology, accuracy of operation, tightness of the protective sheathing.

On the video - the possible disadvantages of using the material:

Due to the significant volumes of blocks, the finished building turns out to be rather “clumsily” executed, rough. From this material it will not be possible to make small, elegant details. However, the problem is largely solved by the final outer skin of the house: it can be siding, lining, decorative rock, another interesting material.

House projects

House 6x8

A country house made of foam blocks with such parameters is a rather popular project. Such a compact house will not take up much space on the site, and the saved usable area can be given over to beds with vegetables and berries.

As a rule, projects of houses with an area of ​​​​6x8 are distinguished by their simplicity of design, the absence of “bells and whistles” and decorative excesses. Elements such as a terrace, attic, balconies, bay windows and others are rarely used in this case due to the need to save space.

But despite small size on an area of ​​48 m2, you can equip a space that is quite comfortable for living. And modern developers have come up with many projects of such small foam block houses, which provide all the necessary functional premises. What will the extension look like? wooden house from foam blocks, you can see in the photo

On the video - a country house made of foam blocks 6x8:

Such a structure can be made in different architectural solutions, because of which the cost of construction can vary significantly. Therefore, choose a project, based, among other things, on financial considerations. If you are building cottage, but you plan to subsequently build on an attic or second floor, lay it in advance required level foundation loads.

What they look like, and how difficult it is to build such a structure, this article will help to understand.

What types of foundation for a foam block house are the most popular, and how they look, can be seen in the photo

Size 8x12

A house made of foam blocks with such parameters is a modern and profitable solution housing issue. A large family can comfortably accommodate on a decent size of the area: there is enough space for personal premises, and for general, and for household ones.

An 8x12 house made of foam blocks will cost much cheaper than a brick one, but thermal insulation properties will even surpass it.

In a house made of foam blocks 8x12, you can completely equip comfortable life. The material allows you to maintain a wonderful microclimate in the premises, the walls breathe. The environmental friendliness of foam blocks is beyond doubt, and has been scientifically proven by many tests. In this regard, blocks are superior to bricks, which often add various suspicious, untrustworthy additives. But, and how to do it correctly, this article will help you understand.

Size 8x12

Typical projects of houses 8x12 from foam blocks are developed taking into account climatic zones and soil features in these areas. Such a building contains all the necessary functional premises. Usually this:

• bedrooms (up to three separate rooms);
• large common room-living room;
• comfortable spacious kitchen;
• bathroom;
• storage room.

Without a doubt, various projects include a different number of rooms and differ different layouts. The choice is really large: it is possible to choose the ideal project for a house in each case.

You can quickly build a reliable, warm country house using foam blocks as a material. Block foam concrete has several varieties that differ in overall dimensions and physical indicators.

The use of foam blocks is justified in the construction of a building up to a 2-story size.

Qualitative indicators of foam blocks

The quality characteristics of the material have the following advantages:

• high thermal insulation performance;
• environmental friendliness;
• lightness, allowing to equip lightweight types of foundations;
• ease of installation;
• increased sound insulation;
• moisture resistance.

The time spent on the construction of panel structures is significantly reduced. One-story houses build literally in 3-4 weeks.

The cost-effectiveness of the material can significantly reduce the budget costs necessary to build a full-fledged house.

Distinctive indicators of foam concrete blocks are:

• high resistance to mold, fungal infections. Unlike wood, the foam block is not subject to decay;
• increased fire resistance also distinguishes foam blocks from wood.

The disadvantages of materials are:

• the need for facade decoration;
• the need for a heater;
• with the wrong laying technology, waterproofing, cracks appear, the material is destroyed.

D sip-panel houses

Sip panels are high-tech elements ready for direct assembly. The term for the construction of a country house from such material is only 2-3 weeks.

The many advantages of the panels in question popularize the technology in modern low-rise construction. The walls erected by craftsmen from combined SIP-type panels have strong quality indicators:

• assembly speed;
• no need for a monolithic, massive foundation;
• lack of shrinkage;
• the possibility of construction in any season convenient for you.

Heat capacity

The increased heat capacity of SIP panels exceeds this indicator of a frame house by 50%. The absence of cold bridges guarantees long-term heat preservation throughout the entire wall area.

Strength

A country house built using the material in question is more durable than frame structures.

House weight

A house with an area of ​​​​up to 200 squares weighs about 10-15 tons, which is up to 20 times less than the weight of a brick structure similar in square and thermal conductivity.

increased area

Due to the small thickness of the SIP panel, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house being built increases. For example, the standard wall thickness brickwork is 510mm. The thickness of the SIP material is 174mm.

It turns out that a house with dimensions of 10x10 made of bricks will have an area of ​​80.64m 2, and of sip panels - 93.12m 2. Almost 13 squares - the difference is significant, they can accommodate any room, bathroom, utility room.

Country house from sandwich panels

Sandwich panels are understandably popular in the construction of country houses. The multilayer material is easy to install; such a house does not require a massive foundation base.

Photo 6 - Dacha. Sandwich panel house

The ease of assembling a house is ensured by the factory preparation of structural elements: cutting plates in certain sizes, making grooves, fastening holes helps builders assemble an object like a designer.

The structure of the sandwich panels does not require facade decoration. Internal Finishing work can be done using all kinds of materials no limits.

If you additionally insulate the walls with polystyrene, then the owner will significantly save on heating. A house built from the material in question requires 5 times less energy than a building made of traditional brick, reinforced concrete, blocks.

$ Country house from foam blocks price

The cost of foam blocks will save the budget of the future owner of a new country house. Today, the price of foam blocks starts at $50 per 1m3.

All these building materials represent a compromise: the more we gain in heat saving, the more we lose in strength, and vice versa. Warmest, highly bubbly cellular concrete, possessing minimum density, is extremely fragile and is used only as a heater, and the most durable and dense, in which there are almost no bubbles, weakly holds heat. The "golden mean" provides both parameters - strength and heat saving - at a fairly acceptable level.

The use of cellular concrete and porous ceramics in the construction of houses from foam blocks allows the construction of single-layer enclosing walls, which gives a certain technological advantage over three-layer insulated walls, since small errors in the design and construction of multi-layer walls of country houses often lead to the formation of condensate in the wall. Houses made of foam concrete and gas silicate, as well as houses made of ceramic blocks, are warm and at the same time quite durable. At the same time, the cost of building a house from turnkey foam blocks is less than the cost of a brick house.

All construction features result from a reasonable compromise between the bearing capacity and heat saving of cellular concrete.

It should be borne in mind that absolutely everything that can be built of brick in terms of architecture and planning can also be reproduced from foam concrete, gas silicate or ceramic blocks. Therefore, the projects of houses from foam blocks, in fact, are the same as the projects of brick houses, with minor technical modifications.

Wall thickness

When building houses from blocks, one-layer enclosing walls can be dispensed with. Thus, the construction of load-bearing enclosing walls with a thickness of 400 mm from gas silicate blocks of the D 400 brand allows you to do without additional insulation, and a house designed for permanent residence in winter and summer, it turns out to be quite warm and economical in terms of heating. For country houses of economy class, which are mainly used in summer, and in winter only on arrivals, it is quite possible to make enclosing walls 300 mm thick.

The device of a multilayer insulated wall is always associated with the problem of condensate that forms at the junction of materials with different density and thermal conductivity when the temperature drops below the "dew point". In order to avoid the formation of condensate, it is necessary to arrange a ventilation gap between the finish and the insulation in order to remove water vapor along with the air flow.

Therefore, when using cellular concrete in the construction of a country house, it makes no sense to arrange multilayer insulated walls. Why complicate your life when there is an easy solution? The single-layer walls of the house made of foam concrete and gas silicate are designed to replace the insulated walls of brick houses.

For clarity, we present a small table that shows the thicknesses of single-layer walls made of various building materials that have the same resistance to heat transfer (heat retention), in accordance with the requirements of SNiP "Thermal Protection of Buildings" 23-02-20 03.

* Allowed when subparagraphs b and c of paragraph 5.1 are fulfilled. SNiP "Thermal protection of buildings" 23-02-20 03.

** In accordance with clause 5.3 of SNiP "Thermal protection of buildings" 23-02-20 03.

Features of design and construction

The construction of houses from foam blocks has its own characteristics and difficulties, and they must be taken into account when designing houses from blocks.

Cellular concrete does not tolerate pressure drops

Cellular concrete does not tolerate pressure drops at vertical loads. Therefore, wherever pressure drops exist: under floor beams, mauerlat, over window and door openings, as well as under windows, there is a danger of cracking.

To redistribute pressure in the walls of houses from foam blocks, belts and jumpers are arranged that can be made different ways depending on loads. You can reinforce the wall itself from foam blocks, you can arrange a brick reinforced belt or a monolithic reinforced concrete belt. For inexpensive houses made of foam blocks, they usually use brick belt. In which case one or another option for strengthening the walls should be applied, the designer decides.

When creating belts and lintels from brick or reinforced concrete, “cold bridges” inevitably arise. In order to avoid condensation in the interior, the belts are insulated from the outside in one way or another.

Special floor systems

Large manufacturers of gas silicate blocks have developed and supply special systems floors that do not require the creation of belts. Both Hebel and Ytong offer floor slabs made from gas silicate. They are laid "dry", with the help of tongue-and-groove joints.

Ytong has developed an alternative floor system that does not require the creation of belts - prefabricated monolithic ceilings. Structurally, they consist of reinforced beams made of cellular concrete and modular aerated concrete block-liners, which are laid by tongue-and-groove joints. After installation, they are poured monolithic aerated concrete grade D 200, reinforced with steel mesh. Aerated concrete screed fastens prefabricated monolithic floors in single structure and at the same time creates a heat-insulating layer, making it possible to receive warm and flat surface almost ready for installation floor covering. Prefabricated monolithic ceilings are strong enough, relatively light and extremely mobile, their use saves time and labor costs when building houses from blocks.

Gas silicate well passes air and water vapor

From an environmental point of view, this is very good. However, not every plaster is suitable for plastering such walls. For plastering houses from foam blocks on the outside, special plasters with high vapor permeability are needed. This is necessary in order to avoid the formation of condensate at the border of the plaster layer and the foam block. The formation of condensate in this place and its freezing leads to the fact that ordinary plaster falls off from the walls of the house from foam blocks.

For the same reason, when lining walls made of gas silicate blocks facing brick it is necessary to leave a ventilation gap between the bearing wall and the cladding so that water vapor is quickly carried away by the air flow without forming condensate.

Construction cost

In order to build a house from foam blocks, it should be correctly designed, you need to take into account all the features of building from cellular concrete that were listed above. It is desirable that the qualifications of the foreman, foreman and builders be sufficiently high. Designing and building a house from foam blocks on a turnkey basis is a more difficult task than building a building from the usual brick.

The price of a foam block house, designed and built in accordance with the requirements of technology and, therefore, sufficiently warm, reliable, durable and comfortable to live in, cannot be too low. With a reasonable approach, the cost of a turnkey foam block house will be lower than that of a brick house similar in area and layout, but still it will be slightly higher than that of wooden house built from unplaned timber natural humidity and insulated according to the "ventilated facade" technology.

For the company " Vacation home"The construction of houses from foam blocks on a turnkey basis is one of the main activities.

Features of a country house from foam blocks. Advantages and disadvantages. Stages of work. Creation solid foundation, walls and roofs. Finishing work.

Having chosen a country house from foam blocks to create a cozy building on land plot, you need to know all the nuances of construction, so that the building is durable and reliable.

This article reveals the structure and features of foam concrete. How to properly prepare a garden house for the construction of foam concrete. How is the construction of the walls of a country house from foam blocks. How to perform roof structure and foam block flooring. What is the cladding of the building outside.

What are the good foam blocks and what are their disadvantages. Features of the construction of the foundation, roof and carrying out reliable finishing work. The functions of the foam block in relation to strength, heat capacity and specific gravity. How the structure overlaps, the choice of solution. Features of reinforcement and the creation of partitions. Why foam blocks are chosen for dacha construction.

The structure of the foam block is a hardened foamed cement mortar (cellular concrete), completely consisting of closed pores.

This porosity gives the blocks a number of very useful qualities.:

• low thermal conductivity. Foam concrete is an excellent heat insulator. With the right design of the house, it can significantly save on heating;
• environmental friendliness. Breathable material creates a microclimate that is not inferior to a wooden house. Neutral for allergy sufferers and asthmatics;
• light weight. Allows you to save on foundation works, choose a lightweight base structure for building a house;
• ease of work. To build a country house with your own hands from foam blocks, as from designer cubes, even an inexperienced builder can do;
• high sound insulation.

Preparation for the construction of a garden house from a foam block

Foam blocks do not like long-term storage under open sky. Their acquisition and delivery to the site is scheduled for the moment when the preparatory work is completed and the foundation is erected.

Blocks delivered to the construction site are immediately closed plastic wrap or other waterproof material.

Since foam concrete, due to its fragility, does not tolerate deformations and movements of the base on which the walls of the house are erected, an attentive and scrupulous approach is required to prepare the site and build the foundation. The place where the house of foam blocks will be built must be carefully leveled. It is unacceptable to lay a foundation on bulk soil, not allowing it to mature and settle for 1-2 years, or you need to make a high-quality layer-by-layer tamping of the earth.

Due to the fact that foam concrete has a small specific gravity, you can make a lightweight foundation belt type. It is easy to build with your own hands.

The initial action is marking with stakes and a cord. trench under strip foundation make with a margin of width for the installation of formwork and depth to create a sand cushion. A layer of sand 15 cm thick is poured inside the formwork knocked together from boards and rammed. A reinforcing frame is installed on the sand cushion and concrete is poured. To guarantee reliability, the construction of walls from foam blocks with their own hands is started after the concrete has completely dried in the foundation tape.

A waterproofing layer is applied to the concrete surface to wall blocks could not absorb moisture from the soil. Waterproofing is easy to do with your own hands, spreading the roofing material over the covered bituminous mastic foundation surface.

Construction of the walls of a country house from foam blocks

The rules for building the walls of a house from foam blocks with your own hands require you to start work from the corners. Even if special glue is used during further laying, the first three rows of blocks are placed on cement mortar. The recipe for a masonry mixture is the usual - cement and sand in a ratio of 1: 3. A mooring cord is pulled between the corner blocks from the outside. It will serve as a guide for laying out the first row.

An unmistakably made first row is a guarantee of the quality of the entire box of a country house. With the help of the level, all verticals and horizontals are checked, the protruding irregularities are polished. Starting from the third row, you can use glue for foam blocks. It allows you to minimize the thickness of the joints, which has a positive effect on the thermal insulation of the walls - thick cement joints serve as cold bridges. The junction of blocks in a row must be at least 10 cm apart from the junction in the previous row.

To strengthen the structure of the house, every 3rd row of blocks is reinforced. This can be done with thin metal mesh or reinforcing wire laid in grooved grooves. The groove is cut with a grinder or a wall chaser 6 cm from the edge and cleaned of cement dust. The wire is placed in a moistened strobe, closed cement mortar. The corners of the house are passed by laying down the bent wire rather than cutting it.

A responsible task when building a house from foam blocks with your own hands is dressing the walls. The load-bearing walls are tied together with masonry, additionally reinforced with anchors. Internal partitions they are installed either without a tie-in into the outer walls, or they are cut to a depth of 15 cm.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

For masonry interior partitions in the garden house there is a thinner foam block - 7.5-10 cm.

For strengthening window and doorways install reinforced concrete lintels. For this purpose, you can buy finished goods or cast them in place with your own hands. At the top of the opening, formwork is arranged over the entire thickness of the wall, a metal frame is laid into it for reinforcement and concrete is poured.

Both the factory and homemade jumper should protrude at least 20 cm on each side of the support opening.

The upper row of masonry, crowning the box of a foam block country house, is completed by casting the so-called armored belt. It will take over and distribute the load from the roof structure, protecting light, fragile foam blocks from excessive pressure. For device monolithic armored belt formwork is built along the perimeter of the outer walls, knitted and installed reinforcement and poured concrete mortar. Anchors are fixed in the uncured concrete for the subsequent installation of a wooden floor. After the monolith has hardened, you can proceed to the construction of the roof.

How to make a ceiling and roof structure in a foam block country house

Overlapping in the house of foam concrete blocks is done using wooden beam. The distance between the bars should be 60 cm. Rafters are mounted to the beams securely fixed with anchors. Material for rafters and floors should be High Quality- well dried softwood(larch, pine) with mandatory antiseptic treatment.

The lathing is carried out depending on the roofing material:

• for soft shingles continuous sheathing of rafters with sheets of plywood or OSB will be required;
• a sparse crate is suitable for corrugated board, metal tiles, ondulin;
• ceramic tiles and slate are too heavy materials. It is better not to use them on a country house made of foam block.

How to veneer a foam block garden house

Perhaps the only serious disadvantage of foam concrete walls compared to wooden or brick walls is the need for internal and external cladding. Interior decoration is no different from similar work in rooms made of other materials. Plaster, plasterboard sheathing, followed by painting or wallpapering, ceramic tiles are used.

For outer cladding walls of a country house made of foam concrete blocks, there are a huge number of options.

Most of them can be done by hand:

• facing with decorative bricks. Its hollow structure will create additional insulation;
• textured and ordinary plaster;
• combined finish. For example, textured plaster in conjunction with natural stone or decorating half-timbered stucco facades with dark wood panels;
• sheathing with wooden clapboard, blockhouse;
• usage plastic panels, siding.

With a well-built foundation, reliable waterproofing and compliance with the recommended wall construction technology, a country house built of foam concrete blocks will retain its properties for decades.

What are foam blocks good for

Country houses made of foam blocks are lightweight, fireproof. Due to the large dimensions of the blocks and the exact dimensions, construction is carried out at a high speed. It is quite possible to build a house for the summer.

The use of foam blocks in the construction of various structures guarantees heat saving and fast pace of work. A country house made of this material will cost more than wood, but less than brick.

• They have an exact geometric shape, the dimensions are well sustained. Therefore, they can be installed quickly.
• moisture resistant
• Inexpensive
• Strength increases over time
• They have very low thermal conductivity. According to this indicator, one of the most the best materials for construction
• They have a small specific gravity. Therefore, they are made with quite large sizes, which has a positive effect on the speed of wall construction
• Easily processed

But there are disadvantages

• Can't take heavy loads
• Slowly gain strength. This is where shrinkage occurs. As a result, cracks may occur.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Use high-quality autoclaved foam concrete - it is less prone to shrinkage.

For the construction of one-story country houses, the strength of foam concrete is quite sufficient. In this case, it is necessary to reinforce the upper bearing row with reinforcement.

Foundation

Usually, during the construction of a country house, a tape shallow foundation is used. It can be done in different ways.

• From prefabricated blocks laid without connection, freely
• From blocks, with the device of reinforced belts above and below the blocks
• From rigidly connected reinforced concrete blocks
• From monolithic reinforced concrete

The choice of method is made depending on the properties of the soil. The reinforced tape option is suitable for both subsidence and heavily heaving soils. In width, the tape is made with an excess of wall thickness by 10-20 cm. The laying depth is up to 60 cm. The basement is within 40 cm.

On heaving soils, a pillow made of non-freezing material is required.

Foundation construction

Tape execution steps reinforced foundation shallow depth:

1. markup
2. trench development. If the soil does not crumble, the trenches are arranged in the width of the foundation. Their walls will act as formwork
3. Backfilling of a 30 cm sand and gravel pad in layers, compacting each layer. The thickness of each layer is 10 cm
4. Laying waterproofing material on the bottom and walls of the trench
5. Installation of formwork under above-ground part foundation (basement)
6. Reinforcement installation
7. Pouring concrete

Foundation quality conditions

To build a quality foundation, the following conditions must be observed.

• The correct proportions of the components in the concrete mix
• There should be no air bubbles (voids) in the concrete. To achieve this, a vibrator is used or concrete is bayoneted with a metal bar.
• There should be no breaks when pouring

After pouring, until the concrete hardens, it needs care. It is necessary to close it from the sun, water it in hot weather. Insulate in frost.
A rolled waterproofing material is laid on top of the foundation. The overlap of the strips must be at least 15 cm.

Wall masonry

Before starting the construction of walls, it is necessary to check the horizontalness of the foundation. Permissible difference height is 3 cm. If necessary, leveling with cement mortar should be carried out.

The upper plane of the blocks laid in the wall must be horizontal. That is, not only the faces that run along the wall should be horizontal, but also those that are across. Horizontal control is carried out using a level. The position of the block is corrected if necessary with a rubber mallet.

First row

The laying of the first row must be done with particular accuracy - the accuracy of the construction of the whole house depends on this.

• Find the highest point of the foundation with a level. The first block is laid in the corner closest to this point.
• Then blocks are installed in all other corners
• A mooring cord is stretched between the corner blocks along the outer edge of the wall. It fills the first row
• If any irregularities in the masonry are formed, they are eliminated with a planer or sanding board. Dirt and dust are removed with a brush

Reinforcement

The reinforcement is laid on foam blocks after filling the first row, and then after laying every fourth row. A smoothly curved rod is laid in the corners.

• A grinder makes strobes 4x4 cm at a distance of at least 6 cm from the edge of the block
• The grooves are cleaned of dust, moistened with water
• Cement mortar is placed in the strobe at half the depth
• A rod moistened with water is laid
• The recess is completely filled with mortar.

At the level of overlap is done monolithic belt. It connects load-bearing walls along the entire perimeter and gives spatial rigidity to the entire structure.

Solution

For laying foam blocks can be used:

• Cement-sand mortar
• Cement-sand mortar with the addition of lime
• Adhesive for wall blocks

The solution with lime does not set so quickly, has good plasticity.

Glue allows you to make thin seams. It has a rather liquid consistency and does not seize for a long time.

block cutting

Usually a row cannot be laid using only whole blocks. We have to supplement it with cut ones.

You can cut blocks with a hand saw. The cutting line is applied with a pencil on two adjacent sides, so that the cut is accurate. The cut surface is leveled with a sanding board or planer. A smooth surface is essential for good adhesion between the mortar and the block.

load-bearing walls

After laying the first row, you must wait 1-2 hours until the mortar sets. Then the laying of the wall continues.

• Corner blocks are laid, aligned
• The mooring is being pulled
• The row is filled with foam blocks
• Irregularities are eliminated with a planer or sanding board

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

The dressing of the seams should be at least 10 cm. The minimum length of the outer blocks (corner, opening) is 11.5 cm.

The internal load-bearing walls are connected to the external ones by ligation.

Partitions

1. On the bearing wall, the junction of the partition is indicated
2. At this point, flexible connections (anchors) made of stainless steel are inserted into the seam. One end - in the bearing wall, the other - in the seam of the partition
3. Anchors are fixed with nails

Anchors are inserted into bearing wall through a row. It is allowed not to fix them with nails, but simply to press them into the solution.

Door and window openings

Jumpers for overlapping can be bought factory-made, can be made from home-made hollow foam blocks, having a cross-sectional view of P.

1. Mark the places of cuts on the foam block
2. Having cut the grooves, chop off the inside with a construction hammer
3. Hollow blocks in the form of an inverted letter P are stacked over the opening on wooden supports. It can be boards or bars. Supports can be nailed to the side walls of the opening
4. Reinforcement 12-16 mm is laid inside the cavity, concrete is poured. Supports remain until the concrete hardens

You can lay the foam blocks over the opening and on the corners of the metal.

Roof

Wooden beams are usually used for the construction of ceilings in a house made of foam blocks.
The type of roof, its design and shape may be different. Its construction is not much different from this type of work in the construction of houses using other building materials.

Exterior finish

Although foam concrete, when exposed to moisture, is not impregnated to a great depth, however, the surface layer absorbs it quite well. So if the walls are not covered with exterior trim, they darken and begin to collapse.

As an exterior finish for walls made of foam blocks, the following can be used:

• Hinged cladding installed with a gap (siding, decorative panels, house cladding with imitation timber)
• Decorative plaster
• Composite panels
• Natural and artificial stone
• Painting with silicone paints

The construction of a country house from foam blocks is relatively inexpensive, while construction takes place quickly. If you have some building skills, it is quite possible to make such a house with your own hands.

Qualitative indicators of foam blocks

You can quickly build a reliable, warm country house using foam blocks as a material. Block foam concrete has several varieties that differ in overall dimensions and physical indicators.

The use of foam blocks is justified in the construction of a building up to a 2-story size.

The quality characteristics of the material have the following advantages:

• high thermal insulation performance;
• environmental friendliness;
• lightness, allowing to equip lightweight types of foundations;
• ease of installation;
• increased sound insulation;
• moisture resistance.

The time spent on the construction of panel structures is significantly reduced. One-story houses are built literally in 3-4 weeks.

The cost-effectiveness of the material can significantly reduce the budget costs necessary to build a full-fledged house.

Distinctive indicators of foam concrete blocks are:

• high resistance to mold, fungal infections. Unlike wood, the foam block is not subject to decay;
• increased fire resistance also distinguishes foam blocks from wood.

The disadvantages of materials are:

• the need for facade decoration;
• the need for a heater;
• with the wrong laying technology, waterproofing, cracks appear, the material is destroyed.

Country houses from sip panels

Sip panels are high-tech elements ready for direct assembly. The term for the construction of a country house from such material is only 2-3 weeks.

The many advantages of the considered panels popularize the technology in modern low-rise construction.

The walls erected by craftsmen from combined SIP-type panels have strong quality indicators:

• assembly speed;
• no need for a monolithic, massive foundation;
• lack of shrinkage;
• the possibility of construction in any season convenient for you.

Heat capacity

The increased heat capacity of SIP panels exceeds this indicator of a frame house by 50%. The absence of cold bridges guarantees long-term heat preservation throughout the entire wall area.

Strength

A country house built using the material in question is more durable than frame structures.

House weight

A house with an area of ​​​​up to 200 squares weighs about 10-15 tons, which is up to 20 times less than the weight of a brick structure similar in square and thermal conductivity.

increased area

Due to the small thickness of the SIP panel, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house being built increases.

For example, the standard brick wall thickness is 510mm. The thickness of the SIP material is 174mm.

It turns out that a house with dimensions of 10x10 made of bricks will have an area of ​​80.64 m2, and of sip panels - 93.12 m2. Almost 13 squares - the difference is significant, they can accommodate any room, bathroom, utility room.

Country house from sandwich panels

Sandwich panels are understandably popular in the construction of country houses. The multilayer material is easy to install; such a house does not require a massive foundation base.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

The ease of assembling a house is ensured by the factory preparation of structural elements: cutting plates in certain sizes, making grooves, fastening holes helps builders assemble an object like a designer.

The structure of sandwich panels does not require facade finishing. Interior finishing work can be done using all kinds of materials without restrictions.
If you additionally insulate the walls with polystyrene, then the owner will significantly save on heating. A house built from the material in question requires 5 times less energy than a building made of traditional brick, reinforced concrete, blocks.

$ Country house from foam blocks price

The cost of foam blocks will save the budget of the future owner of a new country house. Today, the price of foam blocks starts at $50 per 1m3.

Advantages of foam blocks

Country houses made of foam blocks have a number of their practical advantages, which is why they are popular.

So:

• The walls laid out from this seem to “breathe”, and as a result, condensation does not form on them compared to wooden walls;
• The block itself, due to the porous structure, has a low density, air bubbles inside do not conduct heat, so the house is made of foam blocks warm in winter, and warms up slowly in summer;
• The foam block has good sound insulation, again due to its composition;
• The service life of a house built from a foam block is quite long and is at least 50 years;
• Due to the natural components of the foam block, it can be attributed to environmentally friendly building materials, this factor is especially important if there are small children or people prone to allergic reactions in the family;
• A house made of foam blocks retains heat well, which can significantly reduce heating costs;
• When erecting the walls of their foamed blocks, the total labor costs are reduced, since the block has big size compared to brick, this allows you to quickly build walls, a country house made of foam blocks with your own hands can be done quickly enough;
• Blocks of porous concrete have low flammability and withstand large temperature fluctuations. When putting the premises into operation, firefighters will not have any questions;
• Since foam blocks are made of concrete, and concrete, as you know, gains even greater strength over time, therefore, walls made of such blocks have a long service life;
• The blocks are porous and therefore light, almost twice as light as brickwork, due to the low weight, the base for a foam block house can be made lighter, which will affect its cost;
• Due to the low weight and ease of erecting walls from porous blocks, it is possible to build a small structure, for example, a country house, in a very short time.

Based on these factors, it is not surprising that a number of organizations prefer to use the foam block and offer the construction of turnkey houses.

But do not rush, you may well try to realize a small summer cottage project yourself, having familiarized yourself with necessary steps construction from foam blocks.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Attention: Country houses made of foam blocks also have their big drawback, you will have to do the cladding of the room. And this is about the costs and the price of construction will increase.

We make a cottage on our own

Building a country house from foam blocks is not an easy task, but doable. Below is a guide to how to do the job. There are no trifles here, everything will affect the final result.

Choice of solution

For the construction of walls from porous concrete blocks, it is necessary to use a binder - mortar.

There are several types:

Cement-sand

This solution of the standard composition in a ratio of 1/4 (cement and sand). A layer about 1 cm thick. Plasticizers can be added to the solution and there is an instruction for this on our website.

Advantages: easy to prepare, low price, allows you to lay out walls from blocks of non-ideal geometry and with small chips.

Cons: the time spent on preparing the solution, during the laying process, it is necessary to pay a lot of attention to leveling the wall, the presence of cold bridges with an increase in the seam.

Special adhesive solution

It is a dry powder.

• To prepare the solution for use, this powder must be diluted with water in the proportions indicated on the package.
• After that, using a construction mixer, mix the components thoroughly, as a result, a homogeneous solution should be obtained. When laying, the seam is made about 2-3 mm.

Advantages: such a mortar is quick and easy to prepare, small seams are obtained during masonry, which favorably affects the appearance of the masonry - it reduces the cost of plastering work to level the surface and reduces the heat loss of the entire wall.

Cons: you need to buy only a specialized adhesive composition for blocks, block laying must be done by a qualified person.

Ordinary frost-resistant tile adhesive

Tile adhesive is used for gluing variety of materials and its undoubted advantage is resistance to difficult atmospheric conditions.

Block laying and brick cladding

Foam block compared to brick has good soundproofing and heat-insulating properties.

For getting quality construction it is necessary to adhere to the technology in the conduct of work, namely:

• In the areas of window and door openings, lay prefabricated lintels or arrange monolithic lintels, additionally reinforcing them with two reinforcing bars.
• Carefully and accurately set the first row of blocks and continue laying regularly checking the verticality and horizontality of the wall being built.
• Optionally for a more solid appearance at home, you can veneer the walls of bkoks with decorative bricks.
• When working with cladding, you can use bricks of various shades and sizes, as well as decorative facing tiles.
• Before installation truss system for the roof device, a small monolithic belt of cement-sand mortar should be made along top row blocks and lay the reinforcing mesh in the solution.

Guided by the rules, it will not be difficult to do everything with your own hands:

• The first row of blocks is laid, as a rule, along the longest side using a cement-sand mortar, and do not forget about the waterproofing layer between the foundation and the first row of foam blocks.
• It is better to lay out the second and subsequent rows with the help of special glue, spreading the bottom row, while observing the overlap of the blocks - the vertical seams should not coincide.
• You also need to watch the dressing. The seam in the order should not match.
• Do not forget to provide openings for installing windows and doors.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Attention: If the wall thickness is less than 30 cm and the house is planned for year-round living- it is better to insulate it, as a heater, you can use expanded polystyrene or mineral wool plates with a thickness of at least five cm

• The insulation is attached to the wall with special anchors, a fiberglass reinforcing mesh is glued on top of it to protect the insulation from mechanical damage.
• Apply on the grid decorative plaster and subsequently painted in the desired color. If it is planned to clad the facade with brick, then the work is carried out as follows - masonry decorative brick perform on cement-sand mortar be sure to fix the cladding with the main wall using flexible ties, you can use special elements or reinforcing wire, attaching it to the wall of foam blocks.
• It is necessary to connect the cladding with the wall with flexible connections - this will prevent the appearance of cracks during the settlement of the building.
• To create an air gap between the wall of foam blocks and the cladding, it is necessary to provide a small gap of 3-4 cm, so the wall can "breathe" and save you from condensation and excess dampness.

Building overlap

To perform the overlap, you must contact a specialist or use ready-made technical solutions. The specialist will help you calculate the necessary bearing capacity future overlap, taking into account your situation, will pick up everything necessary materials and their quantity, which will allow you not to spend extra money.

After that, you can start work on the implementation of the overlap:

• The ends of the beams laid on the wall must be wrapped waterproofing material to prevent wood decay. At the same time, the ends of the beams should be left open for unhindered air circulation.
• Floor beams are laid back from the walls by five centimeters, and from the chimney by at least 40 centimeters.
• Next, a vapor-permeable film and insulation should be laid on the beams and the hemmed draft ceiling.
• After the insulation is better covered with a subfloor, it is made of plywood sheets or chipboard panels.

Extension to the house

Time will pass, the family will grow and you will need more space. In this case, an extension can be made to the existing house from the same foam block.

The entire construction process is repeated in the same sequence as before for the main house:

• Marking the future extension and digging a pit.
• Laying walls from foam blocks, having previously laid a waterproofing layer between the foundation and the first row of blocks.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Attention: It is necessary to attach the extension walls to the main house. For fastening, metal reinforced brackets are usually used.

Do-it-yourself country house made of foam blocks is quite possible to do on your own. Look at the photo and choose the desired layout. After that, purchase quality material and you can take your time to get to work.

Reinforcement

After the first row is completely filled, reinforcing bars should be laid on top of the foam blocks. In the future, the reinforcement must be laid after the installation of each 4th row.

Lay a smoothly curved steel rod in the corners.

• First step. Using a grinder, prepare strobes measuring 40x40 mm at a distance of at least 60 mm from the edge of the building block.
• Second step. Clean the grooves of dust and moisten them with clean water.
• Third step. Fill the strobes with cement mortar about half the volume.
• Fourth step. Lay the moistened rebars in the strobes.
• Fifth step. Fill the recesses with mortar to the end. At the location of the overlap, the armored belt must be monolithic. It will make the structure more rigid.

load-bearing walls

Rest 1-2 hours after laying out the first row of blocks. During this time, the solution will have time to grab. Keep laying out the walls.

• Lay and align the corner foam blocks.
• Pull up the berth.
• Fill the entire row with foam blocks.
• Eliminate unevenness with a sanding board or planer.
• Carry out the laying so that the dressing of the seams is at least 100 mm. The minimum allowable length of the end elements installed in openings and corners is 115 mm.
• Bind the outer and inner load-bearing walls with standard ligation.

Partitions

Proceed to the construction of internal partitions.

• First step. Mark on the bearing wall the place of interface with the partition.
• Second step. Insert stainless steel anchors into the intended area. Insert one end into the load-bearing wall, fix the other end into the seam of the partition. Such fasteners must be inserted into the load-bearing wall through one row of blocks.
• Third step. Secure the anchors with nails. It is also allowed to simply press the anchor into the mortar without using nails.

Openings for windows and double-glazed windows

Buy or make your own lintels from hollow foam blocks for arranging the floor. Transverse section such jumpers should look like the letter P. Mark the cut sections on the foam block, and then remove the inside with a hammer. Install hollow foam blocks that look like the letter P on top of the opening to be equipped. Install on wooden supports. For example, timber or boards are suitable.

Fasten the supports with nails to the side walls of the opening. Lay the rebar in the inner strips and pour the concrete. Do not remove the supports until the poured concrete has gained strength. Also, foam blocks can be laid on top of the opening to be equipped on metal corners.

Why foam blocks are chosen for summer cottage construction

Choosing foam blocks for the construction of a cozy turnkey country house, you get a number of advantages:

• of the popular materials for building walls, foam blocks have the lowest cost;
• the possibility of rapid construction, since the blocks are much larger than those of standard bricks;
• foam blocks are lightweight, therefore, construction does not require the use of powerful mechanisms;
• saving money and time when laying the foundation;
• environmentally pure material, perfectly retaining heat;
• high level of moisture resistance.

In addition to these advantages, many buyers choose foam blocks because of the ability to build a country house on their own for short term. Any cottage construction company will build a country house relatively inexpensively, however, even with basic construction skills, it is quite affordable to cope with this task on your own.

What expenses make up the cost of a country house

In order to compare the cost of self-construction and the cost of building a turnkey house or cottage offered by a construction company, you should make at least an approximate estimated cost materials needed to build a house.

A huge number of ready-made projects of country houses using foam concrete are now offered - from miniature houses, consisting of a room and a kitchen, to real fairy-tale palaces. It is clear that it will not work to build a palace on your own, but a small house for summer holiday is a very real challenge.

When making an estimate of construction costs, one should take into account not only the cost of the materials necessary for the construction of the building, it must be remembered that it will be necessary to bring water into the house, solve the problem of heating, if it is provided for by the project. Calculate how much materials for roofing will cost, do not forget that even the most small house needs windows and doors.

If there is an opportunity and desire to connect to a centralized gas supply, these costs should also be foreseen. Delivery of materials also has its own cost, so it is also necessary to take them into account when drawing up an estimate. If there are works that it is not possible to perform on your own, then be sure to find out how much the services of specialists will cost in order to provide for all these costs in the construction estimate.

Only in this way it is possible to determine what kind of savings will be obtained with self construction country house. It is possible that there will be much more worries than savings. However, the work done in any case will be useful - even if it is decided to contact construction company, then the customer will know the specific cost of construction work, the necessary materials.

Based on materials from the site: dizainsad.ru, megabeaver.ru, etotdom.com, kladka-info.ru, svoimi-rykami.ru, ro-stroj.ru