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How to use perspective in Photoshop. How to work with perspective in Photoshop

Not an expert, I write step-by-step instructions, to be honest. A long time ago, I remember, I wrote. Today's reason to pick up a saber is caused by the blatant injustice that prevails in the vastness of photo sites, zhezheshechki and other places where photographs accumulate. All of us are white, fluffy and we know that the obstruction of the horizon is a terrible sin and the lot of noobs and losers. Quite often we observe the laconic comment of homegrown photocritics "the horizon is littered" and often we ourselves approve of their verdict, but for some reason few people care about the twisted perspective. Yes, yes, I'm talking about those strange parallelepipeds, parallelograms and other trapezoids in photographs where buildings and structures should be. As for me, often in architectural photographs they look as shameful as a littered skyline. Moreover, correcting this misunderstanding, in general, is not much more difficult than "straightening" the notorious horizon. And today I will tell you about three simple ways to correct perspective distortion.

For example, in the most brazen way, let's take a random photo of a famous travel photographer frantsouzov from his post about the Lyakhovo estate. Here is at least this image of the facade of the building:

That's what I said - a little more and in shape the building will begin to resemble the Egyptian pyramids. It's time to try the namba one method. Almost all we need is a tool Crop (cut). Open the image in Photoshop, select this tool and, as it were, outline the entire image with it. Next check the box Perspective in the tool settings panel.

Yes, I almost forgot. You may need guides. These are lines by which we can check the parallelism and perpendicularity we need. If rulers are not displayed in your Photoshop window (see screenshot below), click ctrl+r. Next, just click anywhere on the ruler with the mouse and, without releasing, drag it to the picture. Release the mouse at the desired position. The first guide will appear. You can create any number of them. If they bother you, click ctrl+h and they will disappear. Click again and they will appear again.

After this optional preparation, we choose, in fact, the one described above crop tool. We grab the mouse by the corners of the photo and do something similar.

Once it's ready, poke enter and we get this picture.

We "straightened" the walls, but the building turned out to be somehow flattened. Not ice. We do literally the following: select the entire picture ( Ctrl+A), turn on the tool " free transform" (free transformation) and just drag our jeep with the mouse by the upper anchor until the height of the building suits us.

Here's what we ended up with. All these manipulations blur the picture a little, so you need to work with a full-sized file, and not like me with a small picture with a resolution of 72 dpi. However, now we see the building, so to speak, almost the same way as the human eye sees it. In any case, I hope so. The picture, of course, is "cramped" cropped, but this is just an example. In addition, you can initially, at the shooting stage, try to "take" a little wider, implying future cropping.

Let's move on to the namba tou method. Let's use a special filter hidden so far that "many" users of Photoshop have never heard of it.

Opening the filter window Lens Correction. By moving the block sliders Transform and controlling the result on the grid, remove perspective distortion. In drop down list edge choose what the program should do with those areas of the photo that are now missing. I chose the option when they are transparent. Option Edge Extension, where the edges are automatically filled by stretching the corners, is not appropriate in this example. It doesn't look too realistic after all. With less distortion, sometimes a tolerable result comes out, so try both options and choose the best one. Also pay attention to the slider Remove Distortion. Sometimes, after manipulating the perspective, the picture becomes, as it were, convex. This misunderstanding is easily removed by this same slider. In our example, this was not required.

Next, we again need a tool crop tool. Tick off Perspective need to be removed. We just cut off the defective areas in the photo, so to speak. I also cut off some space above the roof of the building.

So, the result of the second method.

For greater clarity, let's compare the original photo and both received pictures.

The first and second options, as for me, are very similar, but the source code with such "neighbors" seems even more strange. As if, on the contrary, someone tormented him in Photoshop, trying to knock him to the ground. However, let's take a look at the third method of correcting perspective distortions. It is done, in general, according to the same principle. The same eggs, only in profile. Selecting the entire image Ctrl+A), on the menu Edit select item Transform, and there, you won't believe the team Perspective. Next, drag the corners of the photo with the mouse and draw something similar to my illustration. Click enter, we observe a picture again similar to those obtained by the first two methods.

What conclusion can be drawn here? All three methods are, perhaps, identical in terms of labor costs, so choose any of them for yourself. I note that the first method is especially good for "straightening" pictures taken from the side, tablets and the like. It will look something like this:

The result will be this picture.

The jeep, by the way, is a random one issued by Yandex on request "a picture in a museum." Here is the author of the photo, if anything.
Well, I say goodbye to you. I hope the lesson is helpful. I definitely know one user who has already followed my advice and his photos have become even better. This d_a_ck9 . I recommend, and if something is not clear - ask.

NB . If, due to some of your moral, ethical or even political convictions, you are of the opinion that it is not necessary to correct perspective distortions, I will answer you that you are simply lazy and nothing more. Yes, there are times when distortions, on the contrary, add charm to photos (the same fisheye), but I'm mostly talking about, so to speak, protocol architectural and interior photography. I quote pedivikia for the most stubborn: " In this type of photography, the main task is in a true and accurate display of the shape of the building, finishes, sculptures and decorative elements. Of fundamental importance for architectural photography is the verticality and straightness of vertical and straight lines. To do this, the optical axis of the lens must be horizontal, and the plane of the photographic material or matrix must be vertical and in no case inclined."

To be honest, I love to shoot architecture. At the same time, without a special lens, I quite often encounter an unpleasant effect - parallel verticals in the photo become converging. This is expressed in the fact that the walls of buildings or columns, etc. look like they are leaning towards each other. Such perspective distortions occur due to the fact that when shooting tall vertical buildings, you need to tilt the camera so that the entire object is in the frame. You can bypass this effect directly when shooting, but, alas, it is not always possible, so you have to apply perspective correction in Photoshop.

In the beginning, I want to tell you how you can slightly reduce perspective distortion when shooting. This is important because when adjusting in Photoshop, part of the image will be cut off. As I have already said, the effect of converging lines occurs when the matrix deviates from the plane of the object, for example, when shooting from below a tall object.

To decrease the angle of the camera, you can try:

move away from the subject,
try to stand on some kind of elevation and raise the camera above your head,
change the focal length to crop the bottom and/or top of the picture,
use a special tilt-shift lens.

It is worth remembering this when shooting, but sometimes the shot is already taken, and the problem became noticeable only after a while. Well, this is where the ability to correct perspective in Photoshop comes to the rescue. I want to add that with such a correction there are no special digital effects, the method was transferred from film photography. In fact, it consists in deviating the photo paper from the plane of the frame when printing, thus compensating for the distortion of the verticals.

As always, in Photoshop there are several ways to solve a problem. I will talk about two, in my opinion, the most simple and convenient. The first one is suitable for correcting perspective in automatic mode and does not always give the desired result, but in terms of speed it takes only a few seconds. Let's take a photo of the Armenian church as a basis:

Original image with perspective distortion

It is clearly seen that the verticals are inundated towards the center. Select the tool " crop tool» (« pruning"), and be sure to check the box at the top" Perspective» (« perspective"). Next, move the upper edges of the frame to the middle so that they are parallel to the verticals in the photo.

Correcting perspective with the "Crop Tool" ("Cropping")

Press " Enter” and get the corrected picture. The building has become a little flattened, to get rid of this you need to stretch the picture vertically. This effect also appears in the second method, so I will talk about the fix towards the end of the article.

The perspective is corrected, but the picture is slightly flattened

The second method is to use the command " Perspective» (« perspective") from the menu " Edit» (« Edit«) — « Transform» (« Transformation"). It gives more options and allows, in addition to perspective, to correct the obstruction of the image to the left or right, if the camera was tilted to the side when shooting.

Using the "Perspective" Command

When applying this command, you need to drag any top edge to the side and visually adjust the desired level of perspective change. In addition, if you move the middle top point to the left or right, you can "tilt" the image in the desired direction to compensate for the tilt when shooting.

The result obtained is somewhat different from the previous one. Now we need to stretch the image vertically to compensate for its "flattening". To do this, again go to the menu " Edit» (« Edit«) — « Transform» (« Transformation") and select the command " Scale» (« Scale"). Stretch the image up past the center point.

Final image with perspective corrected

Using any of these methods, you can easily and quickly correct the perspective in Photoshop. In this case, the second method gives a few more possibilities. In some cases, you should not strive for absolute parallelism of vertical lines. the picture is deformed when corrected, which is especially noticeable if there are round objects in the frame, such as domes.

To decrease the angle of the camera, you can try:

move away from the subject,
try to stand on some kind of elevation and raise the camera above your head,
change the focal length to crop the bottom and/or top of the picture,
use a special tilt-shift lens.

Original image with perspective distortion

It is clearly seen that the verticals are inundated towards the center. Select the tool crop tool” (“pruning“), and be sure to check the box at the top “ Perspective” (“perspective“). Next, move the upper edges of the frame to the middle so that they are parallel to the verticals in the photo.

Correcting perspective with the "Crop Tool" ("Cropping")

The perspective is corrected, but the picture is slightly flattened

The second method is to use the command " Perspective” (“perspective“) from the menu “ Edit” (“Edit“) - “Transform” (“Transformation“). It gives more options and allows, in addition to perspective, to correct the obstruction of the image to the left or right, if the camera was tilted to the side when shooting.

Using the "Perspective" Command

When applying this command, you need to drag any top edge to the side and visually adjust the desired level of perspective change. In addition, if you move the middle top point to the left or right, you can “tilt” the image to the desired side to compensate for the tilt when shooting.

The result obtained is somewhat different from the previous one. Now we need to stretch the image vertically to compensate for its “flattening”. To do this, again go to the menu “ Edit” (“Edit“) - “Transform” (“Transformation“) and select the command “ Scale” (“Scale“). Stretch the image up past the center point.

Final image with perspective corrected

Anyone who is passionate about photographs of architectural subjects, corrects them, creates collages, the function will come in handy. "Perspective Deformation" implemented in Adobe Photoshop CC.

Working with the function requires prior enabling of the graphics processor. You can do this in paragraph "Settings"(tab "Performance" on the menu "Editing").

Please note that the " Use a graphical editor to speed up the calculation” can be found by opening advanced options.

At this stage, you can work with innovation. The image must be displayed on the working field.

Command "Perspective Deformation" is on the menu "Editing".

First you need to create rectangles corresponding to the planes of the object you are editing. To do this, move the cursor by clicking on the picture. The edges of the rectangles are parallel to the construction lines (use corner markers for this)!

How to add realism to the final image? This will be possible if, with the help of corner markers, the edges of the object photographed from the corner (for example, a building) are given the same slope.

Rectangle edge (it will be highlighted in yellow) should take a vertical or horizontal position - depending on the position. Do this by clicking on the edge and holding Shift.

Move the markers as needed to make finer adjustments. If you need automatic adjustment, use one of the three buttons "Automatically…" on the panel "Parameters".

Push button "Confirm Perspective Warp" finish processing (see picture).

It is important to keep in mind that part of the image, mainly at the edges, will not change when saving, as it did not fall into the edit area. In this case, crop the image, if desired - finish it.

Nuances

Hotkeys:

switching to the "Deformation" mode - L,

In Photoshop CS6, widely known
tool for changing perspective distortions, but about the fact that using the same tool you can change the perspective of objects, i.e. the angles at which they are relative to the camera lens, not everyone knows. Meanwhile, this process is very simple and intuitive, the developers automated the conversion as much as possible and, I must say, they did it very well. For example, we can change the position of a poster with text and images from diagonal to frontal and as a result get a smooth text .

The easiest way, and this is natural, is to change the angles of the position of flat objects.

Consider the method of changing the position of objects in the photo using the example of a photograph of a road sign in the glorious city of Bobruisk, where we will try to give the sign a frontal position:

So, open the photo in Photoshop, and select the Perspective Crop Tool:

We click with the left mouse button on any corner of the road sign (we just click, and not press and hold the key), and then, in the same way, click on the other three corners of the image. After clicking on the second corner, a characteristic grid appears in the working document window:

Finishing up the sign. If you accidentally overlay the grid inaccurately, the position can be easily corrected by dragging the corner markers, while next to the cursor, a numerical value of the angle difference from 90 ° will be displayed: