Toilet in the country like at home. Toilet for a country toilet - which one to choose

Any suburban area should have a toilet. Moreover, it must be organized before the start of the construction itself, because this room is the most necessary for people to stay in the country. Other buildings, such as a bathhouse or a gazebo, will be built later.

country toilet can be done without asking for help from specialists, who will certainly take a lot of money. Therefore, it is first necessary, in accordance with all sanitary and hygienic requirements, to select a place for the structure, and then choose the type of structure and methods of its construction.

Choose a place

It should be noted that there are certain requirements and norms for placing such buildings on the street. This is especially true for those toilets in which sewage directly comes into contact with soil or groundwater.

You must adhere to the following rules:

• The nearest body of water must be at least 25 meters away. In the event that the territory is located on sloping terrain, then the structure must be installed below the water source. This will prevent impurities from entering the source.
• The distance from the cellar or basement of the house to the toilet is at least 12 m.
• From a bath, sauna or other structure - at least 8 m.
• The distance to the place of residence of animals is at least 4 meters.
• From the trunk of the nearest tree - 4 m, and from shrubs - 1 m.
• The distance from the fence of the adjacent territory is one meter.
• When choosing a place, be sure to consider the wind rose, this is necessary so as not to annoy yourself and your neighbors with unpleasant odors.
• The door must be installed so that it opens towards your house.

It is worth considering not only the distance to your water source, but also take into account the location of the well or well of the neighbors!

All these requirements must be taken into account not only in relation to their own territory, but also to the neighboring one (regarding the location of shrubs, baths, cellars, and the like). But these requirements directly apply only to the toilet with cesspool. The rest should be guided by ease of use.

Kinds

There are four most common types of toilet:

1. With a cesspool.
2. Powder closet.

It is a sealed cesspool that can be big size, and its cleaning is carried out by a sewage machine.

If speak about powder closet, then this is a type where a container is located under the toilet seat, which needs to be cleaned from time to time. With each use, it is necessary to sprinkle sewage with a small layer of peat. A bucket of peat is placed nearby. This option is the easiest for any cottage, however, the process of removing feces is quite unpleasant.

Well, the last Alternative option- This bio or chemical toilet. Here all impurities are broken down by special bacteria. This process is completely environmentally friendly.

We start building. Cesspool and wall reinforcement

It is the toilet with a cesspool that is the most in demand due to its simple operation. All impurities fall into a deep pit. When it is 2/3 filled, it must be cleaned. There is also the option of transferring it, but we will talk about this below.

The size of the cesspool can be 1.5 × 1.5 meters, and the depth is up to two meters.

Several are used to strengthen future walls. best options. For example, you can take boards pre-treated with an antiseptic, concrete rings, bricks, a barrel without a bottom, or old tires. Care must be taken to remove sewage from the cesspool.

If brickwork is used, then the brick is laid in a checkerboard pattern, and the last six rows are laid solid. If a backlash closet is being equipped, then excellent sealing of the pit is needed here. Therefore, a screed is poured to the bottom, or it is simply covered with rubble. If a brick cesspool is made, then it is poured from above concrete floor. For this, formwork is made of bars and boards. After the concrete has hardened, the frame must be dismantled.

It is extremely important to leave a hole for the toilet as well as for ventilation. Moreover, an additional hole is needed for pumping out feces.

If you do not want to constantly clean the pit, then you can fill it up, and move the house to another place. After several movements, it can be returned to its original place, and the decayed waste can be used to fertilize the beds.

Buy ready-made or build your own

Today there is a large number of ready-made houses for the toilet. To a greater extent, everything will depend on your financial situation and the amount of free time.

If you still decide to build a toilet yourself, then there are several ways. For example, brick. It turns out robust design, however, it is necessary to provide good foundation outside the pit. Most often in summer cottages you can find a house made of wood. For its construction, it is better to use bars 50 × 60 mm.

Concerning support frame, then its base must be strong enough and reliable, because the entire structure above the cesspool will be located on it. For this reason, it is better to use a beam of 100 × 100 mm. Before installation, it must be treated with an antiseptic, which will increase its performance.

As an antiseptic, some use molten bitumen in a 1: 1 ratio!

Installation of the frame can be carried out on a tape or on columnar foundation. In some cases, when possible, it is simply installed on the ground. To make waterproofing, a strip of roofing material is laid between the foundation layer and the soil. Several anchor bolts are fixed to the base of the foundation. They will protect the structure from capsizing the house in the event of a strong gusty wind.

When the frame is installed on the ground, the vertical frame racks are dug into the ground by 30 cm. From above finished frame the board is tightly laid, the thickness of which can be 40 mm. For wall cladding, the most different material, for example lining or OSB plate.

If the sheathing is carried out from the inside, then the walls can be insulated mineral wool or foam. In the frame itself, transverse strips should be provided at a height of approximately 500 mm. They are necessary for fixing the plane of the toilet seat. Different materials can be used as a roof, such as slate or tiles. Its slope will be formed based on the height of the front and rear pillars.

Ventilation is needed to eliminate unpleasant odors from the cesspool. For this reason, a hole must be provided in the design of the toilet. To do this, use the sewer plastic pipeØ100 mm. It can be fixed with a metal clamp to the back wall of the toilet. The pipe itself must be brought into the cesspool by at least 15-20 cm. The height of the pipe will be 20 cm higher than the roof plane. To improve traction, a deflector nozzle is installed at the end of the pipe.

Lighting

To make lighting in this room or not is your own business. To save light in the daytime, you can make a small window in the door. So, the whole day in the toilet will be daylight. Some decide to install a small window on one of the walls, under the roof. At the same time, it can be glazed, or simply fix the grid. There is also an option to connect wall lamps or LED lights. They are connected to a battery. This must be taken care of before finishing work.

If you encounter any problem during the construction process, then ask us your questions.

Video: building a powder closet at their summer cottage

A photo

Drawings and diagrams

Literally from the first days of using the summer cottage, the question arises: “How to make a toilet in the country?”, After all, running to the neighbors is inconvenient, and building latrine will have to anyway. We will consider the designs of toilets acceptable for giving, we will determine the most appropriate place position and tell you how to make a toilet in the country with your own hands.

Bathroom for a suburban area

Varieties

We should immediately make a reservation: we are considering country options for toilets, so facilities with a centralized or local sewage system, a flush system and other amenities familiar to citizens will not be listed here.

Based on the above arguments, we have chosen the 4 most acceptable options:

1. Outdoor closet with a cesspool. It is a house familiar to the rural landscape, under which a shallow hole was dug. Defecation products fall directly into this pit, where they undergo natural fermentation due to the vital activity of microorganisms, which is quite sufficient for the disposal of sewage in conditions of occasional use;
2. Powder-closet, or toilet with a bucket. Here we see the same house, but instead of a hole under the toilet seat there is a container (bucket, tank) into which feces fall. As the container is filled, it is taken out and emptied into the contents as a fertilizer;
3. Backlash closet - the closest to the urban type of country toilet. The toilet is located in the house near the outer wall, and the feces fall into the collector pit, which is located next to this wall. The collector is concreted and completely sealed, cleaned with a vacuum cleaner;
4. Dry closet or chemical closet. This device needs no introduction - everyone has seen it in the city near metro stations and in crowded places. Sewage is processed by active bacteria or chemical reagents.

Important!
The street version with a cesspool, although it is quite widespread, especially in countryside, it is difficult to call it the most acceptable.

First of all, cesspool cannot be built in regions with high (less than 2.5 meters) groundwater levels. Secondly, the pit fills up sooner or later, and cleaning it without a sewer machine is not the best idea. Finally, it is quite difficult to install such a toilet on a plot of 8 acres without violating several points of sanitary norms and rules.

Powder-closet got its name due to the fact that after the departure of the need, the container is powdered with dry peat, ash, sawdust or chemicals, which makes it possible to reduce the release of odors. Modern options peat toilets quite suitable even for installation inside a residential building, subject to proper ventilation, which is also provided in many models ( country houses from block containers can be equipped with such devices).

The backlash-closet is designed for a fairly inhabited area with normal infrastructure, not very remote from settlements, since the sewage of the collector is carried out by special equipment. The cost of building and maintaining such a toilet exceeds other options.

A dry closet is an option for the lazy, since all that needs to be done is to buy a product, deliver it to the site and install it at the chosen place. Maintenance will consist of the timely replacement of reagents and the periodic emptying of the collector tank, which makes it similar to a powder closet.

Important!
The choice of toilet design is a personal matter for each owner, however, we advise you to stop at peat powder closet, as this is the cheapest and easiest option to manufacture.

Location selection

After you have decided on the choice of design and type of bathroom, you need to decide where it will be located. This is enough important point for impurity can poison the soil and ground water in your and neighboring areas.

In addition, it is necessary to take into account mutual arrangement buildings: the proximity of the house, well, summer kitchen or barbecue area to the toilet. The interests of neighbors should also be taken into account.

Important! For powder closets, the principles of location are not as strict as for cesspool structures, for the reason that sewage does not fall into the ground. However, they should still be considered.

The main minimum distances from the closet to the structure or object on the site:

Important!
In addition to the data given in the table, it should be borne in mind that the toilet door should not open towards the neighboring site or be located nearby the viewed road.
It is also worth considering the wind rose and the location of your neighbors' living area and barbecue area.

Don't try to hide the bathroom too far away to avoid somnambulistic nighttime journeys through the dark garden. It is also worth considering in advance how and where the path from the house to the toilet will be located.

Mounting

It's time to tell you how to make a country toilet with your own hands.

For your convenience, our masters have compiled step-by-step instructions:

1. At the chosen place, we remove the fertile soil layer and tamp the area 2x2 meters. Then in the corners we dig 4 holes 30x30x70 cm, so that a platform 1.7x1.7 meters is formed between them, we put polyethylene film and concrete them cement-sand mortar with crushed stone, you can add a light reinforcing cage;

1. When the concrete hardens, we lay a double layer of roofing material on the surface of each pillar and make the bottom trim: we lay a beam of 100x100 mm, connect it in the corners into half a tree and fasten it to the posts with anchors or dowels;

1. We stuff the floorboards on the strapping right next to each other, it is better to use tongue-and-groove or terrace boards . You can also mount logs in 40 cm increments and sew them up with moisture-resistant plywood for the floor;

1. In the corners of the resulting platform, we install racks made of timber 100x100 mm or 70x70 mm, which we fasten to a steel corner and self-tapping screws. Front racks - 2.5 m, rear 2.2 m;

1. Doing top harness from a bar 50x50 mm, we also insert the crossbars at a height of 40 cm from the floor and 30 - 40 cm below the upper trim;

1. We fill the crate from the board on the upper harness and lay it roofing material - slate, metallic profile, roofing material, etc.;

1. We make a frame for a doorway from two bars 70x70 mm in front of the structure, the distance between the bars is 80 cm, the bars connect the floor and the upper crossbar;

1. At a distance of 50 cm from the back wall, we fasten a piece of timber 50x50 mm to the corners, with which we connect the lower crossbars. Between this segment and the floor we mount two supports from the same beam. Should work rectangular box, which we sew up with a board, leaving a hole on top, and equip the vertical wall with a door into which a bucket can pass;

1. We sew up the walls with clapboard and insert the door. We lead from the porch electrical wire, connect to a cartridge with a lamp, make a switch on the porch.

Important!
bars bottom strapping and floorboards should be protected from rotting with antiseptic impregnation.

Since the toilet is built first, there is often no plumbing electrical energy to the site. In this case, renting a diesel generator for a summer residence will help you.

Conclusion

Building a toilet is easy to do on your own following our instructions. The video in this article, which demonstrates the process of assembling a toilet house, will also help you.

Excellent article 0

It should be remembered when planning to build a toilet for a summer house with your own hands - step-by-step instructions will be special for each of the options, of which there are quite a few. Structures can work according to different principles, and materials for construction are selected taking into account their cost, durability and aesthetic appeal. Experts recommend that before purchasing materials and building a toilet, not only carefully consider the chosen option, but also make the necessary calculations, find optimal location for installation, draw a diagram or drawing.

When choosing a design in order to build a toilet in the country with their own hands, they are guided, first of all, by the comfort of using the building. Moreover, not only visiting the toilet should be convenient, but also its maintenance. To make right choice, you should familiarize yourself with the features of the operation of each of the options for toilets.

Pit latrines

The easiest option for waste disposal is a do-it-yourself toilet pit in the country. A house is installed above it, in everyday life it is often called, depending on its appearance, a “birdhouse” or “hut”, the degree of comfort of which depends on the capabilities of the master. The pit is cleared with the help of a cesspool machine. Similar designs – not the most perfect, but due to the simplicity of the device and cost-effectiveness, they remain popular and in demand when it comes to suburban areas, where the owners appear infrequently. Toilets with cesspools are also suitable for summer cottages where a small amount of Human.

backlash closets

Backlash closet is an improved design of a toilet with a cesspool, distinctive feature its is the complete tightness of the drive. The backlash closet can be arranged in such a way that the toilet is in a heated room (house), and the drive is outside it (usually near the wall adjacent to the toilet). The toilet bowl with the drive is connected by an inclined or vertical pipe, through which the waste flows by gravity into the tank. Due to tightness, the backlash-closet storage tank can only be cleaned with the help of vacuum trucks. play closet more convenient and hygienic, how ordinary toilet at the cottage with a cesspool.

Powder closets

Powder closets are great in cases where when there is groundwater in the area close to the surface. This feature can cause trouble when installing other structures, but will not affect the operation of the powder closet. A significant advantage of this version of the country toilet is the possibility of minimal cost turn waste into environmentally friendly organic fertilizer . The closet powder got its name from the principle of operation - the waste in the storage tank is sprinkled (“powdered”) with a dry composition (peat or peat-sawdust mixture). As a result, the occurrence of putrefactive processes is prevented, and the likelihood of unpleasant odors is minimized. Waste, sprinkled with peat, as the toilet tank is filled, is unloaded into compost pit where they turn into compost.

Powder closets can be stationary with bulk storage or compact portable. In the second case, a small-sized structure can be brought into the house at night or during rain.

Dry closets

The dry closets that have become popular, which are a ready-made compact toilet bowl, have really proven themselves during operation. Their principle of operation can be similar to the work of peat powder closet. Processing and decomposition of waste in such peat dry closets occurs with the help of a peat mixture.

In other models for processing it is possible. The composition of dry or liquid fillers includes cultures of certain types of bacteria.

In chemical models, the active substances for waste decomposition are chemicals. When choosing, it should be borne in mind that safe and effective fillers are more expensive than others, and some substances used by ignorant gardeners (chlorine, formaldehyde, etc.) are prohibited due to toxicity.

Choosing a place to build a toilet

Telling how to make a toilet in the country with their own hands, experts usually place special emphasis on where it is better to place the structure. In this regard, there are absolute requirements that must be met in any case. They determine the minimum distances from the toilet to residential and utility buildings, water sources and other objects:

• to a house that has a cellar or basement, as well as to a garage or barn with similar underground structures - 12 meters,
• to the source drinking water- 25 meters,
• to a barn without a cellar, garage or sauna - 8 meters,
• to the fence - 1 meter.

• Placing the building according to the wind rose will allow you to install the structure so that bad smell did not cause inconvenience to the owners and did not interfere with the neighbors.
• If the site is characterized by the complexity of the terrain, it is recommended to choose a flat place for the toilet, and if there is a source of water in the country, the toilet is located below it in level.
• If it is necessary to use the services of a sewage machine for pumping out the toilet, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of its access to the cesspool, taking into account the length of the equipment hose.

Material selection

Building a toilet in the country with your own hands is possible from various materials. The choice is determined by cost and availability various options. For example, if an outdoor toilet is arranged as a temporary structure during the construction of a full-fledged sewer system, you can choose materials cheaper. If the dacha is visited only in the summer and an outdoor toilet is the only option, it is better to prefer reliability and durability, even if additional costs are required.

wooden models

Wooden outdoor toilets are probably the most common option. It combines economy and practicality, however, it should be borne in mind that wood is susceptible to moisture. To protect the material, you can use special impregnations. It is possible to significantly increase the service life of the material, primed and painted boards. Lovers of the natural texture of wood often cover structures with a transparent moisture-proof varnish.

brick toilet

A brick toilet is a capital structure that will stand without requiring repairs for decades. The cost of materials for such a construction is higher, but if you have some bricks left after building a house or garage, you should take this opportunity. If you are planning to build a brick toilet in the country with your own hands, do not forget that a massive structure requires installation on a foundation. Experts recommend choosing for a country toilet strip foundation. It requires less excavation, reduces the consumption of cement for pouring, but ensures the reliability and safety of structures on almost any soil. Although for structures made of lighter materials, it is also possible to use a columnar foundation.

The use of corrugated board

A country toilet made of corrugated board is frame structure sheathed with sheet metallic material. The corrugated board has a coating that protects it from moisture, so it can be used for outdoor buildings without any risk. The frame of the building is wooden or metal of your choice. The use of corrugated board can significantly reduce the construction time of the toilet.

Construction of a pit latrine

If you are building such a toilet for a summer residence with your own hands, the step-by-step instructions begin with the drive device.

• Digging a pit. Its volume is usually calculated based on the conditions of use (number of people, frequency and duration of visits to a summer cottage, etc.). Usually a pit with a depth of 2 meters is enough. The cross section of such a pit is a square with sides of 1 meter or a circle with a diameter of one meter. These parameters can be slightly increased, taking into account the need to strengthen the walls of the pit.
• bottom execution. The easiest way can be backfilling the bottom with crushed stone or gravel. However, this method does not exclude the partial penetration of waste from the toilet into the soil. If groundwater is located in an area close to the surface of the earth, it is better to make the bottom impermeable, for example, by flooding it concrete mortar.
• Wall reinforcement. You can strengthen the walls of the cesspool under the toilet in the country with your own hands with brickwork, concrete rings or concrete mortar, using flood construction technology (the mortar is gradually, no more than 50 cm in height at a time, poured into the formwork). In all cases, it is important to ensure the tightness of the structure (fill the seams between the rings, avoid gaps when performing brickwork). For guard surface water in the area from the entry of sewage into them, the walls can be plastered or covered with a waterproofing layer for greater reliability.

Important: If the groundwater level in your area is higher than 2.5 meters, then the cesspool must be completely sealed, including the bottom.

After that, the selected house design is erected over the pit. Most often in such cases, a wooden structure is arranged.

Construction of a wooden house step by step

Toilet ventilation

Despite the fact that correct device do-it-yourself country toilet allows you to minimize the appearance of an unpleasant odor, and many models exclude the occurrence of putrefactive processes in the mass of waste, a toilet in the country, made with a cesspool, or other design must be provided with ventilation.

The ventilation pipe is inserted into the drive at least 15 cm. Light and durable plastic are well suited for this purpose. sewer pipes 100 mm in diameter. For stability, they are attached with outer side on the wall of the building with metal clamps. The ventilation pipe should rise about 50 cm above the roof. Protection ventilation pipe from rain and debris occurs with the help of a deflector installed at the end of the pipe.

Construction of backlash closet

If you are deciding how to build a toilet yourself in the country, a backlash closet should be considered as one of the best options. It is very simple to implement and does not require significant expenses. At the same time, such structures are more comfortable than conventional "birdhouses" with holes.

First of all, it is important to choose a place for excavation. The waste pit, unlike many other structures, is carried out directly next to the house, since the toilet from which drains will flow will be located inside the house. So, it is required to designate a place for the toilet inside the room and a place for the drive near the adjacent wall. The depth of the pit must be at least 1 meter, and its walls must be completely waterproofed. Experts recommend making the bottom and walls of the tank from poured concrete, followed by coating the structure that has gained strength with a waterproofing layer (for example, bitumen). To improve the reliability of waterproofing, you can use clay castle(layer thickness - not less than 0.5 m).

The upper part of the toilet pit is closed with a double lid - a layer of heat insulator is installed between the layers of cast iron and wood. Gravity of waste can be ensured by tilting the pipe that leads from the toilet bowl to the storage tank (in this case, at the construction stage, it is necessary to provide an inlet for it, and after entering it, seal the seam) or by the design of the tank itself (expanding pit with entry under the house in the direction from the toilet to the street with sloping floor). Ventilation is required for backlash closet. In the cold season, the efficiency of the hood can be ensured by the temperature difference, and in the summer it is better to use an exhaust fan.

Powder closet device

If you build such a country toilet with your own hands step by step, the instructions will be quite concise. The simplicity of the device is explained, among other things, by the fact that the powder-closet does not require the construction of a pit. For compact structures, earthworks are not needed at all, and for stationary structures, a recess in the ground may be required, in which a storage tank (bucket or tank) will be placed. The powder-closet device is reduced to installing a container for collecting sewage under the toilet seat and supplying the toilet with a box with backfill (peat, sawdust, etc.) and a scoop. Waste should be disposed of after each visit to the restroom.

Video

How to build a toilet in the country with your own hands, the video will demonstrate clearly. The video lists the necessary materials with dimensions, tools, and also shows the sequence of work with comments.

Toilet in the country photo

Here we have selected a few photos on the topic of our article "How to make a toilet in the country with your own hands."

Pledge comfortable living in a private house stands on three "pillars": solid foundation, good roofing and well-equipped sewerage. Most imagine a bathroom country house as "amenities on the street", but today there is a large selection building materials opens up a lot of opportunities to organize a toilet inside the house, just like in an ordinary city apartment. In this article we will tell you how to build a toilet in a private house with your own hands at minimal cost.

Let's start with perhaps the simplest and most common way to build a toilet - using a cesspool. Of course, the sewer system is much more convenient, but not everyone has the opportunity to equip it. As for the cesspool, it does not require any professional skills, financial investments, and anyone can handle such work if desired. But first you need to decide where the toilet will be located - in the house or on the street in a separate room. It will be necessary to equip a cesspool in both cases. The most "popular" form of a toilet in a private house is the so-called backlash closet. The principle of its operation is identical to the village bathroom, but appearance its much more aesthetic. Location selection To choose the right location for the toilet, it is necessary to build on not only personal preferences. Several factors must be taken into account. First, what distance will be between the toilet and the source of drinking water. It is desirable that the well be located at the greatest possible distance from the latrine, since wastewater may pollute it. Minimum distance should be 20 m (preferably 25-30 m). The second point follows from the first - drains should not poison groundwater or land, so they should be carefully isolated. And finally, we must take into account the constant direction of the wind, so that unpleasant odors go away from the territory and nearby houses. The easiest way to make a powder closet is an ordinary plank house mounted on a support made of wooden beams or reinforced concrete blocks. In this case, the function of a cesspool is performed by a small container, which must be emptied as it is filled. This method has its inconveniences, but it takes the least time and requires virtually no investment. Pit device If you do not have the desire to constantly mess with the sewage tank, you will have to organize a cesspool. The surest option for its installation is reinforced concrete rings, but even without them it is quite possible to make a full-fledged toilet in a private house with your own hands. How to make a cesspool: It does not interfere with ventilation. To do this, use ceramic and asbestos cement pipes 100-150 mm in diameter. exhaust pipe connect to the backlash channel located at the chimney solid fuel stove or a fireplace. If the house is adjusted gas heating, the channel must be heated by a tubular electric heater up to 40 W, located inside the pipe. It will be stable in the backlash channel good hood if all joints are sealed. Sewerage in a private house To make a warm toilet in a private house, you will need to organize a full-fledged sewer system with a cesspool, piping and other plumbing delights. We must warn you that such work requires not only thorough preparation and financial investments, but also at least a superficial understanding of the principles of sewerage operation. Location selection If the restroom is located inside a residential building, this does not mean at all that it can be done anywhere. The dimensions of the toilet in a private house are usually small, so a room with dimensions of small pantry. As for the location, it is better to choose a site closer to drain well so as not to lay pipes under the whole house. To solve several problems at once, you can equip a combined toilet and bathroom in a private house, install in the same room washing machine and other necessary equipment. But it also happens that there is simply no extra free space. In this case, you will have to select some corner of the room or corridor and fence it off with partitions. The entrance to such a bathroom can be cut through in an adjacent wall. Suitable for construction inexpensive materials like chipboard, plywood and drywall. Important: If you are building a toilet inside the house, be sure to make double walls and place between them soundproof material. Build partitions only after laying communications, so as not to work in crowded areas. sewerage scheme Before embarking on such a responsible task as laying a sewer, everything must be carefully planned and done. detailed diagram, and even several schemes. To begin with, it should be clarified that the sewage system consists of 2 parts: internal (riser, plumbing, pipes, wiring) and external (communications leading from the house to the cleaning station, centralized system or septic tank). In this chapter, we will look at how to make a sewer with a septic tank. It is recommended to create a scheme at the design stage of a building in order to place all “wet” rooms as close to each other as possible. If the kitchen, bathroom and toilet are next to each other, much less pipes will be required. The wiring diagram is arbitrary - there are no strict rules. The toilet diagram in a private house shows one of the possible variations: When creating a drawing, keep in mind that pipes with a diameter of 100 or 110 mm with a total length of 1 m will be required to drain water from the toilet. For drains from the kitchen and bathroom, PVC pipes of a smaller diameter should be used - about 50 mm. Make various turns by connecting the 2 plastic elbows at a 45° angle to minimize the risk of clogging. Otherwise, this place will be constantly clogged, and cleaning the sewer is quite difficult. Another important point is the choice of a riser or collector pipe. Actually, the organization of wiring and, in general, all further work will depend on this. How to mark up a toilet in a private house (video): The sequence of creating the scheme: Make up detailed plan at home and on a suitable scale, transfer it to graph paper. To do this, measure all walls, spans, etc. with a tape measure. Calculate where the riser(s) will be located. If each floor has its own toilet or combined bathroom, designate the installation locations for plumbing and how to connect it to the system. For each floor, you can make your own scheme. Mark on the diagram the route of the pipes from the toilet (sink, bath, shower, etc.) to the riser and fittings. Specify all fasteners (tees, bends, etc.). Determine the dimensions of the riser and the fan pipe (we will talk about it a little later). Add up the dimensions of all the pipes inside the house before releasing. Chart external sewerage, starting from the outlet, ending with the entrance to the septic tank. Pipe selection The choice of pipes depends on where they will be laid - inside or outside. And if earlier there was only one answer to all questions - cast iron, today the most practical products are pvc pipes and PP. For risers, pipes with a diameter of 100 and 110 mm are used, to drain liquid from the bathroom, washing machine and others plumbing fixtures- 40 and 50 mm. For outdoor sewerage use stronger pipes orange color. The table shows the pros and cons of using the most popular sewer pipes. Internal sewerage Installation internal sewerage is perhaps the most difficult and time-consuming task. To do this, it is better to enlist the support of at least one assistant in order to organize everything as quickly and efficiently as possible. All joints must be absolutely tight, for which they should be lubricated silicone sealant. Where pipes pass through walls without fail install sleeves. It is extremely important to properly organize the slope of the pipes so that the wastewater can flow independently in the right direction and does not stagnate inside the system. All standards and requirements are detailed in the relevant SNiP. The angle of inclination directly depends on the diameter of the products used. For sewer diameter 100 and 110 mm slope is 2 cm per 1 sq. m, for thinner plumbing - 3 cm per 1 sq. m. First of all, a release should be made so that later the external and internal systems correspond to each other. An outlet is a part that combines the outlet of the riser and the pipe leading to the septic tank. The outlet is laid through the foundation wall at a depth below the freezing level of the soil, so this point should be clarified in advance. In some cases, it can be laid above the freezing level, but then you will have to spend money on high-quality thermal insulation of the pipe. Otherwise, in winter, all drains will freeze, and the toilet can only be used after the thaw. If the organization of the system takes place at the stage of building the foundation, the holes for the release are made immediately, if the house is already standing, it will be necessary to punch an opening for the installation of a drain pipe equipped with a sleeve. The sleeve looks like a piece of pipe with a thickness of 130-160 mm and protrudes on both sides of the house by at least 150 mm. The outlet diameter must be smaller than the riser diameter. The task of the sleeve is to set a slope towards the septic tank of 2 cm per 1 sq. m. Riser installation It is desirable to place the riser in the toilet itself, given that the recommended distance from it to the toilet should be 1 m. The structure itself can be open or masked with a plasterboard box. It depends on whether you will install the pipes in close proximity to the walls or place them in special niches. To connect sewer pipes to the riser, use oblique tees, and at the attachment points of pipes of various diameters, use adapters with appropriate connectors. Where pipes from a bathtub, sink or shower cabin will be connected, install a collector pipe 100 or 110 mm in diameter. Be sure to use water seals to prevent the release of unpleasant odors. Important: to eliminate possible blockages in the future, it is necessary to install a special tee (revision) on each floor of the house. To make clearing blockages easy and quick, install a clearer on the pipes after each turn. Installation and withdrawal of the fan pipe also plays an important role. This is a pipe that is a continuation of the riser and goes to the roof of the building. It is needed to ventilate the sewer system (the key to stable operation of the septic tank), maintain a constant atmospheric pressure in the system (prevents water hammer and air discharge). Thus, the durability of the entire sewage system depends on the arrangement of the fan pipe. It should be connected to the riser only after a revision has been installed on it. Removal is carried out through the attic at a convenient angle, as shown in the image below. In no case do not connect the fan pipe to the general ventilation system or chimney! The outlet of the pipe should be located as far as possible from windows or balconies (minimum 4 m) and 70 cm from the roof. Ventilation outlets, chimney and fan pipe should be at different levels. External sewerage If you have coped with the installation of a toilet and a shower room in a private house, then it will not be difficult to equip the outer part. As we have already said, for this they use more durable orange pipes that can withstand the load of several meters of soil and are protected from corrosion. The most important point in this matter is to organize wastewater treatment so that in the event of a leak they do not pollute drinking sources. The best solution this problem will be the installation of a deep cleaning station, but the cost of such an undertaking will not please any economical owner. The second option is standalone installation. There are many types of them, for example, "Tank" enjoys a good reputation and is relatively inexpensive. And finally the most budget way- homemade septic tank. In the image below you can see a plan for arranging the simplest septic tank. Anyone who wants to save money and get quality system wastewater filtration. A settling septic tank consists of a tank or several tanks through which sewage passes. Heavy particles sink to the bottom, and the waters are clarified and undergo final cleaning in the filtration well (mechanical and biological treatment). There are also simpler options, for example, when drains are collected in one large container and, as it fills up, they are pumped out by sewers. Installation of such a system is much easier, but this is where its advantages end, since in the future it is necessary to constantly monitor the level of effluents and pay for the services of sewers. We have described in general terms how to make a toilet in a private house, but in order to do such a grand job with high quality, you need to have professional plumbing skills and knowledge. If you are not confident in your abilities, but do not want to use the services of paid professionals, start with more simple ways(backlash-closet device with a small sewage capacity). Toilet in a private house, photo We have prepared a photo selection of various ways to organize latrines. Perhaps one of the layouts of the toilet in a private house will appeal to you, and you will want to put it into practice.

Lavatory on suburban area allows you to work without distraction. And you don’t want to go home just to get into the toilet - you can put dirt on the floor. Therefore, one cannot do without a restroom located in the garden. But how and from what to make it? There are rules in building a wooden toilet.

Features of a wooden structure

Summer residents prefer to build a toilet from boards on their site. It is a latrine with a cesspool (backlash-closet) or a structure where a container for biological waste (powder-closet) is used instead of a pit. Both types of toilet are very convenient, but the powder closet needs to be cleaned much more frequently.

It is worth stopping at a backlash closet for a summer resident who has a large family who constantly works on the site. A powder closet is suitable for two or those who spend not so many days a year in the country. In this case, a special container for collecting biowaste will need to be emptied no more than once a month.

This restroom is made of planks

A wooden toilet is in greater demand than a plastic or metal one. A toilet made of wood has a lot of advantages, however, there are also disadvantages.

Advantages

• The wooden structure looks beautiful and, most importantly, is combined with nature. It becomes more original after painting;
• A minimum of finance is spent on the construction;
• It is operated for a long time if it is processed once a year and periodically cleaned;
• Wood masks unwanted odors and smells pleasantly like a forest at first;
• When the life of a wooden toilet is over, it can be taken apart and burned in an oven.

disadvantages

• Wood is a material susceptible to fire. To avoid unexpected fire, you can cover the boards with a heat-resistant agent;
• The wood gradually becomes damp and rots, which can be prevented by treating it with a special preparation;
• Over time, the wooden structure deteriorates, because bugs start up in it. So that they do not eat wood, the toilet will have to be treated with a pesticide.

Preparation for construction

First of all, they make a drawing of the future structure, that is, a wooden cabin with a cesspool under it. A toilet schematically depicted on paper will greatly simplify the assembly of the restroom frame.

Drawings and correct dimensions

A summer resident can use ready-made drawings of a wooden toilet. He will only need to thoroughly study them and strictly follow the recommendations. Otherwise, the design may turn out to be curved and sloppy.

Among all kinds outdoor toilet the most common "birdhouse", the shape of which is a rectangle. Unlike the "hut", it requires less skill in construction.

View of the toilet from different sides

Toilet frame and interior decoration

A latrine in the form of a "birdhouse" is usually built 2.3 meters high. Standard Width this design - one meter. And for the length wooden toilet less stringent requirements are imposed, it can vary from one to one and a half meters. But if you wish, you can slightly increase all other indicated sizes.

Required materials and tools

For the construction of the toilet, materials will be needed in a certain amount. According to calculations, only for the construction of a cesspool, the summer resident will have to prepare in advance:

• 4–6 reinforced concrete rings or a metal barrel;
• 0.25 m3 sand;
• bag of cement;
• 2 buckets of rubble.

When creating the base and booth, you will need the following:

• 4 concrete blocks;
• 2 m2 roofing material;
• 2 buckets of sand;
• 3 six meters edged boards size 100 mm/ 50 mm;
• 3 six-meter floor boards 9 mm thick;
• Edged board 25 mm (6 meters long);
• Wooden six-meter beam 0.05 / 0.05 m;
• Reinforcement cuttings of 0.5 meters;
• Galvanized meter sheet.

The top of the booth will need to be covered with an 8-wave asbestos-cement slate, of course, painted.

The building can be sheathed with clapboard made of needles (length - 3 meters, width - 87 mm). The lining will take 4 packs of material.

The assembly of the frame must be carried out using nails 1.2 cm long, 70 mm, 40 mm and 100 mm long (for slate) and self-tapping screws 70 mm long.

A summer resident who plans to independently build an outdoor toilet with a "podium" and a window needs to purchase Additional materials and items:

• Sedushku;
• Glass 0.5 / 0.1 m, galvanized hinges and bead (1.5 meters) for the window.

The door is constructed from a block with dimensions of 0.9 m / 2 m. To frame it, you need 5 running meters clypeus. You will also need to purchase loops in advance, door handles and a latch.

To work with wood materials, you need to arm yourself with a hacksaw, planer, hammer and screwdriver. And when creating a cesspool, you will need a shovel.

Instructions for building a simple wooden toilet

1. Looking for a suitable location for the toilet. According to the rules, it should stand 25–30 meters from the groundwater flow. If it is impossible to maintain the sounded distance, then the summer resident needs to immerse a sealed container in the cesspool so that biowaste does not seep into the ground.
2. Take a shovel and make a hole in the ground. There are no special requirements for its size, but it should slightly go beyond the walls of the toilet or be strictly under it. It is advisable to put tires on the bottom and walls. However, instead, a metal barrel with a volume of 200 liters can be lowered into the pit. The container immersed in the ground must be filled up on the sides, and the soil around must be tamped. Not a bad replacement metal barrel- special containers made of plastic, reinforced with metal ribs.

   Installation of a container for collecting biowaste

3. At the corners of the skids of the future restroom they put concrete blocks. The foundation with "pillars" is covered with roofing felt for waterproofing.

   Creating a foundation from blocks and boards

4. They begin to create a base: skids are made from the bars, and then they are connected and placed on a ready-made platform. The boards must be covered with an antiseptic.
5. Floor coverings are laid on the runners. To ensure that cold air does not enter from below when using the toilet, with reverse side floorboards are sheathed with OSB sheets. Between the boards put heat-retaining material, that is, foam. Attached to the floor again OSB sheets. At this stage, a round hole is created in the floorboards for the drainage of feces.

   Here they made a square hole in the floor

6. The walls of the restroom are assembled from boards 100x50 mm, using nails and self-tapping screws. The wall frames are fixed to the platform using the same self-tapping screws, as well as corners.

   Frame construction

7. Start building carrier system pitched roof. Notches are sawn in the rafters, and then they are installed on top board front and side walls. Then they are nailed. OSB sheets are placed on top of the structure, that is, under the roof, laying insulation between them, and a material that protects against moisture penetration. Lastly, slate is attached to the top.
8. Make a door. To make it strong, it is pulled diagonally with two bars. The door is sheathed in the same way as the walls of the restroom. After that, hinges, handles and a latch are attached to it.

Completely finished restroom

Do I need to sheathe a country toilet inside and out?

Finishing the country restroom inside is not necessary. But if the summer resident is not too lazy and sheathes the walls, floor and ceiling of the toilet, then the structure will last much longer. As a material for interior decoration of the restroom, you can use:

• Styrofoam sheets that are attached to the walls tightly to each other, providing insulation from wind and moisture;
• A film stretched over supports slightly separated from external walls. It serves as a barrier to the penetration of cold air into the room;
• Ordinary or decorative edged boards that lay out all the walls inside the toilet;
• Lining, that is, the most aesthetic material for decoration.

If you took on interior decoration restroom, then do not forget about outer skin. Covering the outside of the toilet is a guarantee of its long service life, despite the effects of precipitation, low temperatures and winds. The material for external protection of the wooden structure of the latrine can be:

• Drywall;
• Siding;
• plastic panel;
• Metal profile.

Wooden toilet in the country correct solution, because it fits perfectly into the rural landscape and does not require high costs. Usually summer residents build it in the form of a "birdhouse" with a height of more than two meters. If desired, you can extend the life of such a toilet by completing the internal and exterior finish clapboard and siding, respectively.