Parquet business: how to open a parquet shop. stage - Processing the top layer of the parquet board

Clearly realizing that natural parquet is a continuous advantage, not everyone knows what stages the material goes through until it is ready. What is the production of parquet, what equipment is used for this and how much production parquet board different from the manufacturing technology of piece material? More on that below.

Both parquet and parquet board are produced in several stages. The first is manufacturing, the second is quality control. During the control process visual inspection material, additionally using special devices.

Both the production of parquet and more budget option- parquet board implies the use of natural wood species. Traditionally, this is:

• oak - from light brown to dark;
• walnut - has a characteristic reddish tint;
• ash - with a thin textured pattern;
• beech - with a light texture, golden color.

Of the exotic breeds, the most commonly used are:

• olive;
• merbau;
• chocolate tree.

The peculiarity of exotic woods lies in improved performance characteristics. Many breeds cope better with temperature fluctuations, are more resistant to moisture.

Mosaic parquet shares the palm with piece parquet, followed by shield and parquet boards. Traditional dimensions of the material: thickness - from 1.5 to 2.2 cm, length - from 9.5 to 50 cm, width - from 3 to 15 cm.

Production of piece parquet: what stages does it consist of?

The process of manufacturing material for finishing the floor begins with drying and sorting the components. Raw materials enter production in the form of palletized blanks. At this stage, a thorough inspection of the material for the presence of visual defects is carried out. If any, the material is not used.

Quality raw materials are selected and dried. For this use drying chambers, where the workpieces are left under the influence of high temperature for several months. At the same stage, heat treatment of the material is carried out - heating it without air access, followed by natural cooling. The result of all the manipulations is to obtain a dense and reliable wood, not prone to deformation.

The next stage is sawing the prepared wood into boards with certain parameters with the removal of defective areas. Using milling machines, the resulting parts are processed from all sides in order to obtain parts of the correct geometric shape and a prepared front surface. The same machines are suitable for cutting tongue and groove on the elements of the future parquet. Finished boards are packed for further sale.

It can be noted that the manufacturing technology block parquet not the most difficult, especially when compared with the production technology of parquet boards. Complex design multilayer elements from different breeds wood leaves a certain imprint on the production process, obliging manufacturers to adhere to the established algorithm.

How to get a parquet board: production stages

For the manufacture of modern parquet boards, both expensive natural woods and less valuable ones are used for the substrate. From the features of the production process, the choice of wood for the material, its condition, the type of glue will depend appearance, operational properties and service life of the future coating.

So, the production of a parquet board consists of the following steps:

1. Creation of the front layer.
2. Substrate device.
3. Connection of all layers.

At the initial stage, using saw machine boards made of valuable wood species are sawn into lamellas of the required parameters. They are then processed with milling machine, seeking to obtain products of regular geometric shapes. The slats are lubricated adhesive compositions, getting the front layer, after which, depending on the desired result, heat treatment, bleaching or planing is carried out.

To create an underlay edged board from inexpensive types of wood, more often coniferous, they are sawn. Third layer - veneer sheet coniferous trees designed to stabilize the structure. Finished boards are processed using a milling machine, obtaining products with the correct geometric proportions and a clean surface.

The final stage is the fixation of the layers of the board, when the front part is glued to the other two. The second layer is equipped with a tongue-and-groove lock or a rotary-angle lock. The second and third parts of the board are glued together so that the fibers form mutually perpendicular planes. This method of connection increases the strength characteristics of the product, including in conditions of sharp temperature fluctuations and changes in humidity levels.

Equipment for the production of parquet - what is used?

To establish the process, you will need socialized equipment for the production of parquet or parquet board. The most important machines:

• sawmill with mechanized supply of raw materials;
• sharpening and adjustable equipment for saws;
• dryer (with several drying modes);
• moisture meters;
• parquet line - the basis of production (includes a tenon cutter and a 4-sided planer);
• carpentry preparatory.

In addition to equipment for the production of parquet, you need to consider the location and arrangement of the premises where the work will take place. For starters, a room of 200 square meters will suffice.

If it is not possible to place all the equipment in the room, some of it is located outside it, for example, a sawmill can be placed outside the workshop, providing a canopy. And for the warehouse of round timber, even a canopy is not required.

Cost price square meter piece parquet consists of 60% of raw materials, 15% of energy costs. The rest is labor costs. AT overall profitability business for the production of parquet is at least 15%.

To avoid difficulties with the arrangement of a room for working with natural wood, it makes sense to start production in a special workshop equipped for wood processing, taking into account fire safety standards.

And the last, purchasing raw materials for the manufacture of parquet from natural wood(usually from oak and ash), it is worth remembering the documents confirming its quality. The blanks must be delivered with radiation safety certificates and a hygienic conclusion from the Ministry of Health. Only certified raw materials make it possible to obtain certified parquet as a result.

In conclusion, we note that the technology for the production of parquet boards and piece parquet is identical for almost every manufacturer. There are differences, but only in the sequence of steps and processing methods. The attitude of manufacturers to the material production process with or without control at each stage also differs.

Many people know about the advantages of parquet, but here's how it works. flooring receive, not every consumer knows. Rarely, who is interested in this and completely in vain. After all, the production of parquet boards is a complex and extremely interesting process. So what stages does wood go through before appearing before us in its usual form?

First of all, it should be noted that the production of parquet boards consists of 2 components - manufacturing and control. Control occurs not only visually, but also with the help of special means measurements.

Drying and sorting

Raw materials come in the form of blanks packed on pallets. First stage- inspection and detection of defects. If they are found, the sent batch is returned. Next, the raw material is dried. The blanks are placed in drying chambers, where they are exposed to high temperatures for several months. At this stage, it is also necessary to perform heat treatment, i.e. to produce heating without air access, followed by natural cooling. As a result, the wood becomes dense and resistant to deformation.

Before sorting, the material should be sawn. Right angles are obtained by trimming. The blanks are sawn into 5 lamellas 4 mm thick. The length may be different. Sorting dies is not only people, but also machines programmed to receive certain groups. So, oak can be sorted into groups "Robust" and "Rustic".

Bonding parquet

Automated gluing line allows you to get quality material. The top layer is glued without a backing. Then all 3 layers of the parquet board are joined together. Plywood is laid around the perimeter with special impregnation increasing the rigidity of the material.

The panels are placed in a steam press where they are heated and then pressed. After that, the dies are puttied and polished.

Useful layer processing

The first step is mechanical processing. Soft fibers are removed. Then varnish is applied in several layers. It is optimal if it is acrylic compound free of phenols and formaldehydes. Then oil is applied. Also in several layers. It makes the color of the parquet more saturated, emphasizes the natural texture and creates a protective water-repellent film on the surface.

Manufacture of the connecting element

Depending on the connection method, parquet is divided into 2 types. The first is connected by the thorn-groove method, the second - by the glueless method. For the manufacture of connecting elements cutters are needed. Finishing the ends with hot wax allows you to seal the joints tightly.

The parquet is ready. It remains only to pack it. For packaging, only those materials are used that can subsequently be used as secondary raw materials.

Summing up, it is worth noting that the production technology at different enterprises is almost the same. The differences lie in the sequence of steps, processing methods and in the general attitude of the manufacturer to the process of creating the most sought-after material for finishing the floor.

Read also:

Brushed parquet board - the best way to recreate the atmosphere of the past

Today it is unusually fashionable to surround yourself with antiques. Antique furniture and crockery, old paintings, black and white photos in massive frames - all this gives the room a special flavor. In order to most plausibly recreate the atmosphere of a glorious past, you can use not only various items, - you can choose the appropriate finishing materials ... For example, brushed parquet.

04/13/2014 at 21:04

Linoleum or parquet board: a matter of choice

Linoleum or parquet board are two great options for flooring. They have their own specific advantages, thanks to which they are so popular. Therefore, it is not surprising that sometimes the choice between them can be difficult to make.

Parquet production

The manufacture of such decorative material how parquet began several centuries ago, and provided exclusively manual work, starting from sawing each parquet and ending with the manufacture homemade glue. What took as a result a large number of time and could last more than one year, while in modern realities for the production of this finishing material we use special equipment for the production of parquet, which is characterized by high quality of manufactured products in the shortest possible time.

Manufacture of strip parquet and solid boards

Structurally, piece parquet is planks made from hard and precious wood species, equipped with grooves and ridges along the edges for connection with the following characteristics:

• width up to 75mm,
• length up to 500mm,
• thickness from 14 to 22mm.

Solid board is also piece parquet only large sizes with a production principle similar to piece parquet. Manufacture of piece parquet and massive board on the initial stage provides for the choice of wood species serving as the feedstock, after which the selected trees are cut down, delimbed and sent for sawing and trimming into blanks in the sawmill.

Upon completion of these procedures, wood blanks are subject to a thorough check for defects and other compliance with the requirements, followed by submission to special drying chambers for drying for a long time and reaching a moisture level of no more than 9-10%. This procedure is carried out by means of the method of heat treatment of raw materials without oxygen access. Due to this, the wood is compacted and receives a greater level of strength. Upon completion of the heat treatment procedure, the wood is sent to sawing, where special equipment for the production of parquet, and in particular, sawing machines, cut the end of each workpiece, followed by dissolution into planks of a given size.

Then from the strips along the length are removed damaged areas and the strips of the required length and quality are sorted. Structurally, a parquet board is a 2-3-layer product made of wood, no more than 22 mm thick with an overlap of the fiber of each subsequent layer perpendicular to the previous one. Which in turn ensures a minimal risk of wood deformation in case of changes in the level of humidity and temperature in the room. The multi-layered nature of the parquet board determines the multi-stage processes of its production and, accordingly, the numerous equipment for the production of parquet.

At the initial stage, the production of parquet involves the choice of wood intended for the production of parquet boards, in most cases, these raw materials are valuable wood species - oak, beech and maple. Structurally, the top layer of the parquet board is no more than 6 mm from precious woods, while the middle layer located perpendicular to the top layer along the fibers is made from less expensive softwoods. Well, the material for the lower layer of parquet can be not only conifers wood, but also ordinary plywood, also laid perpendicular to the fibers relative to the middle layer.

Dissolution on lamellas

Similar to the production of solid boards, wood intended for the production of parquet goes through all preparatory operations up to the complete readiness of the workpiece, followed by feeding to sawing machines that cut the end of the workpiece and dissolve it into lamellas and strips of strictly specified sizes. This is followed by the removal of defective areas from the bar along the entire length and careful grinding, the purpose of which is to achieve the specified dimensions and required level smoothness.

The next production step is gluing blanks, which involves gluing the lamellas of the top layer, which can be 2-3 or 4-strip without backing at the end. Upon completion of this procedure, all planks of the parquet board are glued together with great care and accuracy, since the quality of the finished parquet board directly depends on the quality of this work. To carry out this operation, maximum level quality, there is special equipment for the production of parquet, in particular a special press that glues the product at high temperature.

Adhesives for parquet

A special hardener and glue are used as a gluing agent for the production of parquet, which together ensure maximum adhesion of the parquet surfaces to be glued together. Upon completion of the pressing procedure, the finished sheet is unfolded into panels of specified dimensions, followed by the manufacture of connection elements, which are structurally a groove on two sides of the panel and a spike on two end sides. In addition, the connection of panels can be made in the traditional way by direct connection.

In this case, to connect individual elements a special glue is used, while in the manufacture of a spike and a groove of an uneven profile, glue is not used and the connection is called a lock. When installing interlocking parquet, the interlocking joints are snapped together, thereby ensuring a tight fit of the various elements.

The final stage in the production of parquet is checking finished products for the presence of defects on the upper surface with their subsequent removal by eliminating weak fibers using special brushes, puttying the top layer, chamfering the butt groove in order to give it a figurative shape and grinding. Most modern manufacturers consider the production of parquet to be finished at this point, leaving the product without a protective layer of varnish with its application immediately after laying at the place of destination. Whereas some manufacturers in most elite types of parquet cover their products with at least 5 layers of varnish in the factory.

Production of parquet on modern equipment, video review

Parquet is well-deservedly popular for several main reasons:

• This is a traditional floor covering. Thanks to him, the room acquires a respectable and solid appearance;
• Environmental friendliness;
• Durability;
• Ease of care;
• Noise and heat insulating properties.

In the production of parquet, wood is additionally treated with a layer of oil or varnish. This increases the wear resistance of the surface and the service life of the parquet, and also saves you from having to apply the coating on it yourself.

Parquet production in Moscow

Our company produces parquet and parquet boards from domestic and exotic wood species. Compliance with the technology at each stage of production allows you to make a floor covering that is characterized by increased strength. Having the necessary certificates guarantees high quality parquet and its compliance with GOST and fire safety standards.

Wholesale production of parquet

Wholesale production of parquet allows us to cooperate with large hardware stores and repair organizations. Why it is beneficial to cooperate with us:

• Favorable price and easy payment. We offer best prices for the wholesale market flexible system payment, cash and non-cash payment;
• A large assortment. You can buy parquet of any series in any quantity you need at any time;
• Documentation. When purchasing parquet, we provide you with all the necessary documentation;
• Flexible prices when forming a wholesale order. You can also save on logistics and delivery of goods to your warehouse or outlet;
• Loyalty programs for regular customers, discounts and promotions.

By purchasing parquet from us, you get a high-quality product, friendly service, profitable promotions and discounts, and an individual approach to each client.

Tarkett/Sinteros (Sweden-Serbia-Russia)

In fourth place in the ranking is perhaps the most popular manufacturer of parquet boards in Russia. The Tarket company began producing parquet boards from the beginning of the 60s. last century. Initially it was an adhesive product, but in the late 90s. one of the most successful forms of a patented glueless interlock, now called TC'Lock, is being developed.

The Swedish concern can be safely called the most famous in Russia. Today, in the assortment, in addition to linoleum and laminate, there is a parquet board under the brands:

• Tarkett: luxury flooring with top layer from oak, ash, beech, mahogany, merbau cross and longitudinal cut. Product thickness - 14 mm, production - Serbia, Sweden, Poland.
• Sinteros: budget series lacquered parquet board, veneered oak, ash, beech wood. The cross section of the slats is 13.2 mm, it is manufactured at factories in Serbia and Russia.

The Tarkett line includes 11 collections. There are over 200 designs in traditional and extraordinary colors including bronze, graphite and more. All collections have protective covering from varnish or oil, supplemented with wax protection interlock connections AquaGuard. Some designs have applied special processing techniques such as deep brushing, thermal smoking, chamfer, etc.

In the Sinteros series there are 3 collections of one- and three-strip boards with a classic smooth surface in soothing shades under a wear-resistant PU varnish.

The parquet board is issued for household, commercial and sports application. All products have the appropriate certification, including:

• Full package of documents from Federal Service RF for supervision in the field of consumer protection and human well-being;
• Official permission to use the eco-label "Leaf of Life";
• Certified EU Cradle-to-Cradle (environmental life cycle products).

Main advantages:

• The richest selection of products in terms of textures, shades and decors:
• To protect the surface from abrasion, water and dirt, a full range of treatments is used. This is natural oils, waxes, mixed compositions and Proteco Strong lacquers in various gloss levels. Individual collections are varnished with the Bacteria-Stop property.
• Solid line related products, which includes cork and XPS substrates, skirting boards, thresholds, pipe rings, sealants, repair kits, protective mats and linings, professional chemicals and much more.
• The parquet board is equipped with a modern TC-lock tongue-and-groove lock, which ensures a strong end and longitudinal connection of all planks without gaps, drops and other defects.
• Service life - up to 25 years.