Rules for the arrangement of the spray booth (Labor protection abroad). Ervist - explosion-proof equipment, industrial, special What fire detectors are installed in the drying chamber

The car painting rooms are advanced technology rooms designed to repair and refurbish cars. In such a box, most of the operating modes are automated, which greatly facilitates the operator's work.

One of the main advantages of such a room is the maximum ease of operation. When creating spray booths, only modern filter materials are used, thanks to which the air in the room is cleaned of vapors of paint and varnish materials as efficiently as possible.

Such cameras are an indispensable element for most modern car services, but the choice of such equipment must be approached very carefully. In our article, we will consider the features of designing a painting car service.

Where to start building?

Having decided to build a spray booth for body work, you must immediately think about the expected amount of profit and drawing up a construction project. You also need to take into account the performance of the camera and the expected number of employees.

Usually, for the full-fledged work of a car painting shop, at least 1 painter is needed, as well as several disassemblers and straighteners. The recruited personnel should be trained in the latest technologies of painting work, and in the workshop they should try to organize a mini-laboratory for the selection of paints.

As you can see, there is a lot of work, and in order to completely get confused, it is necessary to draw up a detailed design of the spray booth.

Main Components

The main elements of the spray booth include:

1. Premises (building);
2. Filtration system;
3. Forced ventilation;
4. Exhaust ventilation;
5. Heat generator.

The main element of any spray booth is the body and the ventilation system. The fan helps to clean the air in the room from persistent odors of paints and varnishes. Two ventilation systems can be installed in one chamber.

One of them will pump clean air into the body service room (supply), and the second one at this moment will carry out the removal of paint particles (exhaust). The chamber can be equipped with only one fan, and in this case, when clean air is injected into the room, an increased level of pressure is created.

Due to the fact that the air is supplied from top to bottom, the paint particles are converted into mist, settle and are taken out into the street through a special hole.

The principle of operation of the spray booth is as follows: the air coming from the street is heated by the system to the required level (usually, for painting cars, it is necessary to keep the temperature in the room at 20 degrees).

After heating, the air passes through the filter system and enters the spray booth. Further, having absorbed all the harmful vapors of paints, the air passes through the exhaust system of filters and ventilation, after which it is brought out.

If the spray booth is equipped with high-quality filters, then the air is removed from the box as clean as possible. Almost all modes of operation in modern paint boxes are automated.

Lighting devices are considered another important structural element of the spray booth. Bad light does not allow craftsmen to see various flaws and defects on the surface of the body and to eliminate them qualitatively.

Lighting in the spray booth is usually provided by fluorescent fixtures or conventional fluorescent halogen bulbs. Sometimes the owners of such premises increase their cash spending by equipping the spray booth with LED lighting fixtures.

In general, experts recommend installing mortise lamps with a glass diffuser in body service chambers. It is better to refuse lamps covered with plastic. Scratches often appear on the plastic, causing the quality of the light to deteriorate.

Paint box - design features

The scheme of the spray booth always depends on the design features of the building. Now there are several varieties of paint boxes:

• Equipped with one motor;
• Cameras with two motors;
• Dead-end premises;
• Premises where the supply of metal structures is carried out manually;
• Boxes in which the supply of metal structures is carried out by mechanical methods;
• walk-through rooms;
• Boxes with top tracks.

The main feature of dead-end spray booths is the possibility of turning the car for convenient and uniform painting from all sides. Pass-through boxes allow you to move metal structures along a special tape during the painting process.

In single-engine boxes, the ventilation system is represented by only one unit that supplies air into the room from top to bottom and thereby creates a high level of pressure. Under its influence, the paint mist descends and is removed from the room through the lower vent.

Unfortunately, single-engine spray booths lead to severe environmental pollution, so they are now used very rarely. A more optimal ventilation option for the painting unit would be a twin-engine unit.

It is based on two motors, each of which performs only one function. One motor is responsible for pumping clean air, and the second one is responsible for removing dirty air, with paint fumes.

A well-designed spray booth will produce a high-quality painted car, while spending a small amount of paint and keeping the workplace clean and the health of the painters.

1. Ceiling filter area;
2. Performance and power of fans;
3. Correct location of lighting devices;
4. Air velocity inside filtering equipment;
5. The area of ​​the filter located on the floor.

Rules for calculating ceiling and floor filters

The air filter is an important structural element of any car service engaged in painting cars. They are placed evenly in the room where the painting of the car body is carried out. Such filters come in two varieties, for floor and ceiling.

The ceiling filter for the spray booth is installed so that, if necessary, it can be easily dismantled. For the smooth operation of the paint box cleaning system, it is necessary to initially correctly calculate the minimum area of ​​the filter elements.

Each of these types of filters should provide the maximum cleaning efficiency of the box (indicators should exceed the figure of 99%). In this regard, purification is carried out in stages:

• First, large particles of paint are removed from the air;
• In subsequent stages, small particles are removed from the air.

This technique requires the use of fine filters, thanks to which dust from the outdoor air does not settle on the surface of painted metal structures. In order to calculate the minimum filter area for the ceiling, you need to know exactly the level of the nominal air flow in the spray booth.

This parameter will need to be divided by the nominal air flow rate in the filter in operation. The result of such calculations will be the minimum surface area of ​​the filters. Naturally, in order to achieve maximum efficiency of the entire system, it is necessary to mount large-area filters in the box.

In a similar way, you can calculate the minimum area for filters on the floor. In general, a floor filter for a spray booth consists of two structural elements: a carrier crate and filter elements.

The drawing of the spray booth is created in several versions. Each of them has its own type of crate with filters. The grid can be located directly under the car, or under the wheels of the vehicle.

In addition, the crate can completely cover the floor of the chamber, and the filter elements in this case will be several centimeters below the level of the crate.

Creating Lighting in the Box

It is best to equip a car painting booth with ceiling and wall lights evenly distributed throughout the room. It is also recommended to install some additional lighting fixtures on the back wall of the box.

For high-quality painting of the car, it is important that the lighting fixtures do not contribute to the appearance of a flickering effect. For spray booths, the most convenient are long lamps, mounted in a checkerboard pattern, vertically. You can also equip the room with fluorescent lighting fixtures.

Fire safety

The spray booth for metal structures has one significant drawback - it has a high fire hazard. Equipping such a room, you need to pay great attention to safety requirements. When constructing paint boxes, not only construction standards must be observed, but also the rules for arranging electrical networks.

All elements of the room and ventilation equipment must be equipped with reliable protection against explosions. When equipping walls with heat-insulating materials, it is necessary to pay attention to the high resistance of materials to fire.

The best insulation for such rooms is mineral wool. Fire extinguishing of a spray booth is an element that must be equipped without fail in a car service box. The introduction of a fire extinguishing system should be noted in the project plan.

To increase the fire safety of the box, it is necessary to equip the heat exchanger with a special thermostat that performs protective functions.

It is also necessary to equip the control panel with a special button that allows, in the event of an emergency, to block the operation of the air supply valve (as a result of which the supply of compressed air will stop). The room must have a grounding system for electrical appliances.

The painting booth is a functional automatic mechanism that ensures safety and high speed of work, as well as high quality of painting products. The principle of operation of the chamber is that compressed, cleaned and heated to the desired temperature air from the street is supplied to a special cabin with the help of ventilation systems.

The atmosphere created in the box allows for high-quality painting of the car, and after the completion of the procedure, all hazardous compounds can be removed through a special vent.

WELCOME TO THE WEBSITE OF THE ERVIST COMPANY!

Our site is dedicated to equipment and services in the field of security systems and electrical engineering.

The site section presents electrical explosion-proof equipment manufactured by domestic and foreign manufacturers. This is the most complete collection of descriptions of devices, materials and components for creating security systems at fire, explosion and industrial facilities. Our site presents the latest innovations and achievements in this field.

In the site section SUSPENSION FIRE DETECTORS devices and systems for early and ultra-early fire detection, sensitive to the appearance of smoke in very low concentrations, are presented. These are the products of two world brands: WAGNER TITANUS and VESDA Xtralis.

Company WAGNER (Germany)- European leader in the development and supply of aspirating fire detectors and systems under the trademark TITANUS. Aspiration fire detectors and systems are the means of the earliest detection of fires, they are especially relevant at facilities with large material and informational values, such as: bank vaults, depositories, data processing centers, electronic libraries, server rooms, storage terminals, warehouses, archives, libraries, museums, transport facilities, including underground, fire and explosive facilities.

Company Xtralis (Australia)- trademark - is an innovator in the field of security of objects of special importance. Xtralis is the world's largest manufacturer of aspirating smoke detectors. Today, the world's most reputable companies and leading government organizations rely on VESDA technology for the fire protection of various facilities. VESDA has developed the most effective fire safety systems available today with early fire detection. VESDA doesn't register a fire, it detects it!

Since 2002, ERVIST Group has been actively cooperating with a number of leading Russian enterprises in the field of joint development and production of various products. One of these companies is the Scientific and Production Association "Spectron"- the leader of the Russian market of fire detectors and annunciators, producing products under the trademarks "Spectron" and "Prometheus". The range of NPO Spektron includes over 300 items of general industrial and explosion-proof electrical equipment: flame detectors, manual call points and remote start devices, heat detectors; light, sound and light-sound annunciators, scoreboards, horns, junction boxes and heating cabinets.

Since 2014, joint products have also been produced with the company "Relion"- the largest Russian developer and manufacturer of explosion-proof and industrial professional equipment for video surveillance systems under its own brand name "Relion". Currently, the company produces over 200 types of general industrial and explosion-proof products: explosion-proof, industrial and vandal-proof video cameras, explosion-proof PTZ cameras, explosion-proof dome cameras, thermal housings for protecting video cameras in explosive zones and aggressive environments, explosion-proof IR illuminators, explosion-proof switches, explosion-proof and industrial heating cabinets, as well as a wide range of additional equipment: junction boxes, cable glands, brackets, adapters and much more.

The page of each device is supplemented with reference technical information: passports and operation manuals, certificates.

In chapter WEBINARS ARCHIVE you can easily find video recordings of all webinars held within the framework of the program ERVIST FORUM– online professional discussions and promotion of advanced products and solutions.

The page is dedicated to the design, installation and maintenance of security systems. In the near future, we plan to introduce our potential customers to specific technical solutions on this topic.

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Spray booths are closed premises, so their equipment must be special. The main meaning of these designs is to carry out work on the creation of car paintwork. In addition, these chambers are often intended for drying work after painting. In this case, they are called painting-drying. It is very important that during the procedures in such devices all fire safety requirements are observed, as well as sanitation and hygiene standards are taken into account. These requirements include many points, in accordance with state regulations. In order to briefly understand the main norms, let us dwell on the most significant of them.

The preparation and dilution of all types of paint and varnish products should be carried out in isolated places near external walls with window openings, or in open areas. Materials are supplied centrally, already prepared. Varnishes and paints should be placed in the pantry of the workshop in an amount that does not exceed the needs of the shift. Containers for dyes must be sealed; there are special places for it.

The premises themselves intended for dyeing processes and the preparation of mixtures must be equipped without fail with their own supply and exhaust ventilation, as well as local suction systems, in order to remove harmful fumes from all paint-containing devices, namely: baths for painting and dipping, pouring installations , posts where manual coloring is performed, drying chambers, etc.

Fire safety requirements for spray booths

When the ventilation is off, painting is not allowed.

In the event that consumables are accidentally spilled on the floor, they must be removed immediately with sawdust, water, etc. Washing floors using flammable substances, including solvents, is not allowed.

Spray booths are made only from non-combustible materials and are equipped with special local suction systems, which must be interconnected with devices that supply compressed air or coloring material to the spraying devices. Tanks for injecting paint must be located outside the spray booths.

The painting process is carried out in an electric field, which means that the corresponding devices must have the necessary interlock for protection, which will prevent the spraying devices from turning on in cases where the local air removal systems are not working or the conveyor is stopped.

Premises and special areas in which work with combustible substances takes place, namely the preparation of mixtures and their application to objects, must be provided with ventilation to eliminate explosive vapors.

The air exchange rate is calculated according to the production project.

During the use of combustible substances, at the workplace there should be such a quantity that does not exceed the needs of the shift. Containers with them should be opened only before use, and upon completion of work, closed and transferred to storage. Used containers must be stored in a specially equipped place located outdoors.

Work must begin from the places that are the most remote from the exits from these premises, and in the corridors - after the work is completed.

In general, it must be remembered that any booth whose purpose is painting and drying must be well ventilated, and the equipment must be protected from explosions. In addition, the units must have thermal insulation made from all-natural mineral substances, which have an increased resistance to ignition. A fire suppression system is also absolutely essential. And, finally, if the drying chamber is still present, then there must be a heat exchanger and a protective thermostat.

These are, in general, brief requirements for the fire safety of painting chambers.

Rules for arranging a spray booth (Labor protection abroad)

According to the US National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), the most common cause of fires during spray painting operations is booth mismanagement—improperly separating the booth from other areas—when using welders, grinders, cutting machines, and electrical equipment. NFPA Standard 33, part of the US Federal Occupational Safety and Health Agency (OSHA) regulation, describes the requirements for safe spray booth construction. These requirements must be strictly adhered to to avoid fire and respiratory injury.

Location

OSHA and NFPA require spray booths to be at least 20 feet (6.1 m) away from any combustible materials and completely separated from other work areas. The spray booth must be constructed to certain standards, have a fire resistance of at least two hours, and must also be equipped with an individual sprinkler fire extinguishing system,

Design

The construction of the spray booth should be made of cement, brick or steel. If the scope of work is relatively small, then another non-combustible material, such as aluminum, can be used. The design of the structure must be made in such a way that the chamber can be easily and safely removed, and the vapors must be directed towards the hood. For more information, see OSHA standards 1910.94(c) and 1910.107.

Electricity

All electrical and combustible materials inside and within 20 feet (6.1 m) of the camera must comply with OSHA standards. The spray booth and a minimum of 20 feet (6.1 m) outside the spray booth may only contain built-in lamps with protective panels or portable lamps that comply with Class 1 hazardous area regulations. Open flames, heat sources, and spark-producing equipment must be at least 20 feet (6.1 m) from spray booth or separated by a partition. Equipment and electrical wiring within the chamber must also comply with Class 1, Division 1 hazardous location codes. Wiring and electrical equipment located within 20 feet (6.1 m) of the chamber must comply with Class 1, Division 2 hazardous location codes. In conclusion all metal parts of the camera must be properly grounded.

Ventilation

The spray booth must be equipped with a mechanized ventilation system designed to remove harmful fumes and airborne waste from the booth. The hood must be set in such a way that the air does not circulate inside the chamber, but is drawn out in the opposite direction from the place where the air enters. All components of the ventilation system - independent hood, fans, motors, belts and exhaust pipes - must comply with OSHA rule 1910.94(c)(5). If necessary, install additional ventilation to ensure that painted surfaces dry properly; this will help to avoid the accumulation of explosive vapors.

Air flow and speed of its movement

OSHA 1910.94(c)(6) lists the required minimum airflow rates for spray booths, depending on the specific job being done and booth size. Refer to Table G-10 of this standard when designing the chamber. In addition, remember that OSHA Standard 1910.94(c)(6)(ii) and Table G-11 state that harmful vapors must be diluted to a limit of 25% of the LEL. If the worker is on the leeward side of the object being painted, he must wear a gas mask. While spraying paint, the door to the chamber must be closed.

Air in the chamber

The air in the chamber must be constantly updated; the air must be clean and fresh. Any door that admits clean, fresh air must be kept open during operation and the air velocity must not exceed 200 feet per minute (61 m/min). The air must not be heated from the inside. See OSHA 1910.94(c)(7) for more information.