Acrylic paints and varnishes. Varieties and characteristics of acrylic compositions

What are acrylic paints. How they are used. Advantages.

They have existed for half a century, today they are used by artists extremely widely. The main advantage of acrylic paints over all others is their ease of application, quick drying and, of course, their versatility. Modern developments in acrylic emulsions, which include extremely fine and light-resistant particles, make it possible to obtain paints of ever higher quality. These paints dissolve in water, and when dried, they do not dissolve at all. Plus, acrylic paints are very resistant to various kinds of physical and chemical influences. Thus, all acrylic paints produced by the Ferrario factory (the main manufacturer of such paints) contain an aqueous suspension of synthetic resins as a binder, to which synthetic or natural pure pigments, stabilizers and coalescents are added. After processing all these raw materials, the paints are elastic and bright in color, excellent adhesion to any non-greasy surface, whether it be canvas, paper, wood, clay, fabric or ceramics. Acrylic paints can be applied with a brush, with a spatula, after dilution, as well as with an airbrush. For each paint, bona fide manufacturers indicate the degree of covering power, light fastness and which pigment was used. Due to the rapid drying of acrylic paints, the tube should be closed immediately after use. A large arsenal of special thinners allows the artist to use a wide variety of techniques in his work.

Advantages of acrylic paints.

While acrylic paints have a number of advantages of watercolors and oils, as well as many self-worth They are versatile and easy to use. Regardless of which type of painting the artist prefers, acrylic paints are worth a try anyway. A plastic synthetic resin acts as their basis, and therefore they allow you to achieve both the most exquisite glazing and a dense texture.

Acrylic paints are quick-drying, have good hiding power and excellent color brightness, do not fade in the sun, do not fade over time. When they dry, they turn into an elastic resistant coating. Acrylic paints are used to write on paper, cardboard, wood, as well as metal, fabric, ceramics and glass, if these surfaces are properly cleaned of dust and grease.

How they dilute.

In acrylic paints, the particles of their constituent pigment are interconnected by an emulsion (liquid plastic mass) - it becomes transparent after drying. Acrylic is soluble in water and is therefore used as a thinner and wash for cleaning brushes. After drying, acrylic becomes insoluble, which cannot be said about other paints. This feature is extremely important, since after completion the work is no longer affected by water, plus paints can be applied to layers that have already dried. Among the shortcomings of acrylic, it is worth noting the fact that it can ruin the brushes, which have to be washed regularly with warm soapy water in the most thorough way. In addition to water, acrylic paints can be thinned with other solvents. The vast majority of acrylic manufacturers produce their own products that can somewhat change the properties of acrylic. First of all, it is worth noting glossy and matte thinners. Thus, a glossy thinner significantly improves the covering properties of the paint and, when dried, gives the surface a gloss. Matte thinner has a similar consistency, but dries to a matte finish.

Another remarkable property of this variety of paints is the drying time. As soon as the water contained in acrylic paint evaporates, it dries. As a rule, half an hour is enough to apply the next layer of paint. This feature is primarily important for "fast" work.

In addition to the already mentioned water resistance and drying speed, acrylic paints have very good adhesion. As a result, this allows them to be successfully used in all types of outdoor painting, since the paints are not affected by natural factors and fit quite well on the vast majority of work surfaces. Acrylic is great for creating collages, as it can be used as an adhesive for paper and fabric. Also, textured acrylic paints (gels) and modeling agents are distinguished by increased adhesive properties, and they can be used to create surfaces with relief.

Variety of techniques.

If acrylic paints are strongly diluted with water, they become very similar to gouache or watercolor. If you apply the paint directly on the tubes or dilute it quite a bit, then it becomes possible to work in the so-called pasty technique - something like traditional oil painting.

Acrylics differ from each other primarily in their consistency: from more liquid to thick. The thickest paints are used in impasto technique, where a special role is given to texture. Liquid consistency is excellent for pouring large areas of the surface.

Liquid paints.

Today there is huge selection transparent and opaque shades of liquid acrylic. The consistency of paints varies from oily (more like a paste) to the most liquid. Since these paints do not have such a long history of existence as, for example, oil paints (there are 5 centuries), manufacturing companies have not developed any uniform standards for them. The most liquid acrylic resembles ink. Such color inks include shellac as a binder (alcohol-soluble resin) and are water-resistant after drying. As a rule, the ink is not waterproof, but some colors (such as black and white) are more resistant.

In watercolor, gum arabic acts as a binder. Just like ink, it is generally not color fast and smears with water after drying. In liquid acrylic paints, the binder is represented by a film of acrylic - a transparent liquid plastic. After drying, acrylic becomes waterproof, more plastic and transparent than ink. It is made from pigments, which for the most part are more lightfast than dyes.

Light fastness of colors.

As attractive as the color and vibrancy of ink and watercolor are, they should never be used to create works that you would like to keep for a long time, as their colors will fade, unfortunately.

Acrylic drawing.

Liquid acrylic paints are quite often used in ink liner for precise drawing. It is also suitable for calligraphic works - the most exquisite lines are created with a pen. Due to the fact that liquid acrylic becomes waterproof after drying, the pen will need to be rinsed with water. fountain pens with a piston, immediately after work, rinse thoroughly with water so that the paint inside does not dry out. Can work liquid acrylic and soft brush in classic watercolor technique. In addition, it is worth trying to mix paints in various ways to get original effects. So you can try a straw to "blow" the lines over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe painted surface, and in addition, use a household hair dryer to get an even more complex image. Basically, manufacturers of acrylic paints produce at least one type of acrylic paint, which differ from each other in consistency and a set of colors. Acrylic paint is applied both in a thick layer and in glazes. The pasty technique will require paint with a thicker consistency, which will preserve the texture of the brush stroke. A thinner, thinner paint is more suitable for glazing. By adding appropriate thickening and thinning agents, more types of acrylic paints can be obtained.

Decorative and applied application of acrylic.

Fluid acrylic can be used in many different crafts. They are perfect for decorating wood, leather, ceramics and glass, and in the latter case it is possible to achieve the effect of stained glass.

With regard to acrylic paints, a situation is typical when an excellent quality palette becomes unusable just because it is almost impossible to clean the paint from it. The thing is that the paints dry quite quickly, and high adhesive characteristics exclude the possibility of their removal after drying from some surfaces. Dried acrylic does not dissolve - it cannot be removed with water or any other solvent. That is why you should not use porous materials on which paint adheres well. So, wood will definitely be a bad choice, even if it is varnished. The best option for acrylic paints will be smooth surfaces that can be washed and do not form scratches. For example, it can be glass, plastic or melamine.

Most often, acrylic paint palettes are made of plastic. They are designed in such a way as to provide maximum convenience when using (they are rounded or rectangular in shape). Also for acrylic paints, you can use a tear-off paper palette. We are talking about palettes of the most different sizes, each of which has a lining-base made of durable cardboard and up to fifty sheets of parchment glued together on both sides. Such tear-off palettes do not need to be cleaned, since the colors are mixed on the top sheet, and at the end of the work it is torn off and thrown away. Among other things, there are palettes designed to ensure that the colors remain for a whole week.

Often, professional artists who use acrylic paints in their work prefer custom-made palettes. All the necessary materials are quite cheap and easy to get, so it is not difficult to make a palette of any shape and size. To make your own palette, use materials such as formica, melamine, or other similar laminates available at DIY stores and lumber yards. Glass is an excellent material for mixing acrylic paints, but since this material is much heavier than plastic, it is recommended to tape the edges of the glass palette for safety. You can also use metal, provided that it is enameled or painted in the factory, otherwise the metal will inevitably begin to rust. Of metals, stainless steel is not recommended, because due to large coefficient reflections, the colors don't mix very well.

In order to remove dried paint from the palette, it should be placed on a short time into hot water. As a result, water will penetrate between the paint and thus peel off the hardened paint. The paint that still remains on the surface is removed with a palette knife and a wet cloth. This must be done in such a way that in no case will scratch the surface of the palette. If scratches remain on the palette, this will increase the stickiness of the paint and subsequent cleaning will be difficult. Considering the high cost of high-quality art materials, it will be useful to spend half an hour cleaning brushes and palettes, closing caps.

Acrylics are relatively easy to work with and dry quickly to form a water-resistant finish. Acrylic paints are very versatile and can be used to create many different visual textures and effects. But before you start drawing, you need to prepare all the necessary materials, create a contour sketch of the image, and only then move on to drawing smaller details. Once you've learned the basics of working with acrylics, you'll be able to move on to more advanced painting techniques such as layering colors and dotted lines.

Steps

Acquisition of base and brushes for acrylic painting

As simple option basics choose a primed canvas on a stretcher. If you are an aspiring artist, canvas will be the best material for you as a base. Canvas can be made from cotton or linen and sold in various forms, for example, on a stretcher and without it. Canvas on a stretcher is firmly fixed on a wooden frame of a certain size. Canvas without a stretcher is usually sold not in pieces of ready-made sizes, but per meter from a roll (like regular fabric).

• The primed canvas is coated with a special primer that improves the adhesion of the paint to the fabric. If you don't want to purchase primed canvas, you can purchase unprimed canvas and a tube of Gesso primer. Before you start painting, coat the canvas with a coat of primer and let it dry.
• In art and craft stores, you can find ready-made canvases in various sizes, both with and without a stretcher. Take a close look at your choices to find the shape and size of canvas that best suits what you have in mind to paint.

1. If you plan to paint with acrylics diluted in water, opt for thick watercolor paper. If you like the effect of watercolor painting but love using acrylic paints, try using thick watercolor paper, which is suitable for painting with thinned acrylic. Watercolor paper will cost less than canvas on a stretcher, especially if you do not rule out that your first works will not be very successful and go straight to the trash.

   • Thick watercolor paper can be found in stationery and craft stores.
   • Keep in mind that thin paper can ripple and warp from water-diluted acrylic paints.

2. Choose 8-10 colors of artistic acrylic paints. Unlike student acrylics, art acrylics contain richer pigments and come in a wide variety of colors. If you are just getting started with painting, 8-10 colors will be enough. Choose one tube each of base colors (blue, yellow and red) and 5-7 additional colors with which you like to draw. For example, you can take the following colors:

   • the black;
   • purple or pink;
   • Brown;
   • green;
   • White.

3. Buy 5-8 art brushes to paint in different styles. If you paint with only one brush, it will be difficult to achieve the full variety of visual effects that can be created with acrylic paints. Therefore, buy several brushes at once different style. Below is a list of the most common types of acrylic brushes:

   • round brushes (for drawing lines and details);
   • flat brushes (for creating large bold strokes and painting over large areas);
   • fan brushes (for mixing paints and blurring borders);
   • flat, shortened brushes (for working close to the canvas and creating clear, thick strokes);
   • flat beveled brushes (for painting corners and drawing small details).

   Acrylic paint basics

   Squeeze a very small amount of acrylic paint onto the palette at a time. Even a small amount of paint is enough for a lot, so to get started, squeeze a strip of paint only about 5 mm long from the tube. Prepare in this way 4-6 colors of paints with which you are going to work. Distribute them at some distance from each other along the perimeter of the palette.

   • This will allow you to leave room for subsequent mixing and testing of color combinations in the center of the palette.

4. First, with large brushes, draw the outlines of the objects that you want to portray. Starting to paint with acrylic paints, use large flat brushes to draw the outlines of large objects on the canvas. For example, if you are painting a mountain landscape, start by drawing clear outlines of the mountain peaks.

   • You may find it more convenient to use matte, opaque colors to create outlines. Then, when you draw the details, you can already work with more transparent colors.

5. Use small brushes to paint details. When you have finished working on the general contours of the drawing, pick up smaller brushes. Use them to add detail to an image. Try different spiky brushes to create lines on the canvas different thickness and various visual effects.

   • For example, after creating the outlines of large mountain peaks, use a small, pointed brush to fill in the drawing with such details as freestanding trees, a lake and tourists on its shore.

6. Spray the palette with water every 10-15 minutes while you work. Acrylic paints dry quickly and become more difficult to work with. To keep your paints in optimal condition, spray them with water from a spray bottle to prevent them from drying out and hardening prematurely on the palette or canvas. Be aware that after drying, it is no longer possible to remove acrylic paint from the surface.

   • Keep a small spray bottle of water handy.

7. Rinse the brush old paint before moving on to the new color. To wash off the paint from the brush, hold its bristles under running tap water. Or just rinse the brush in a glass of water. It won't give different colors in an unnecessary way mix on the brush itself. After rinsing the brush in water, blot it with a clean cloth to prevent streaks from further painting.

   • If you do not remove the remaining water from the handle of the brush, drops can accidentally fall on the canvas and leave behind blots of soaked paint.

8. Let the leftover paint dry before throwing it away. Don't wash your palette as acrylic paint can clog drain pipes. As a palette, it is better to use a disposable plastic plate, and after work, wait for the paint residue on it to dry. Then you can simply carefully remove a layer of completely dried paint from the plate.

   • Alternatively, you can not throw away the dried paint, but next time apply fresh wet paint directly on top of the old one.

   Various drawing techniques

   Mix different paints with a palette knife to get new color combinations. Artists rarely use acrylic paints in their original form directly from the tube. To get the paint of the color you need, drop two drops of paint into the center of the palette different colors and mix them with a palette knife or brush. This will allow you to get rich new shades of color to give your painting a unique look.

   • While working, it is a good idea to use a color wheel to mix colors. For example, mixing red and yellow paint will give you a bright orange color. If you then add dark green paint there, you get a rich brown color.

9. Lighten paint by adding water. If you use acrylic paint directly from the tube, it will be thick and opaque. To make the paint more transparent, put a drop of paint on the palette and add some water. How more water you add, the more transparent the color will be. Use transparent tones to create a watercolor or airbrush effect.

   • When mixing acrylic paint from a tube with water, add no more than 20% of water to it (of the volume of the paint itself). If more than 20% water is used, the binding agents in the paint that cause it to stick to the surface can break down and the paint will peel off the canvas when it dries.

10. Mix acrylic paints with varnish or texture pastes to change their texture. If you use acrylic paints exclusively in the form in which they are presented in tubes, your painting will receive a soft, uniform texture. Mixing acrylic paints with various additives allows you to change their appearance on canvas. Therefore, try adding materials such as varnish or texture paste to the paints when dissolving. In general, diluting the paint with other substances allows it to give it a more transparent, watery appearance after drying. Look for a variety of varnishes and texture pastes at an art supply store.

11. Layer 2 or 3 coats of paint in different colors on top of each other to create extra texture. Instead of mixing colors on a palette, stack them on top of each other right on the canvas for a unique layering effect. Apply as many coats of paint as you like, just remember that more dark colors overlap light shades. For example, try painting a flower with red, pink, and blue layers to create petals.

    • Give each coat of paint enough time to dry before covering it with another coat. Thin coats will dry in 30 minutes and thick coats may take over an hour to dry.

12. To create a bubbling effect, apply paint with the corner of a sponge. Dip the corner of the sponge into the acrylic paint of your choice. Then gently press this corner to the canvas. Also try smearing the paint on the canvas with a sponge for a different visual effect. A layer of paint applied with the edge of a sponge will contain many holes, allowing the color of another paint or the canvas itself to show through.

    • For example, you can apply paint with a sponge when depicting water bodies to give them a more realistic texture.
    • Combine this technique with layering paint to effectively combine several of its tones at once.
    • If you want to try painting with a variety of sponges, be aware that you can find different textures of sponges in art supply stores.

PECULIARITIES

Acrylic paints were invented as an alternative to oils. Acrylic paint is based on an acrylic resin dispersion, which is a mixture of water and partially polymerized acrylic resin. By itself, it is colorless, with a high degree of adhesion to any non-greasy bases, quite hard and shiny. After the water dries (under normal conditions this happens relatively quickly, especially in thin layers of paint), the individual particles of acrylic resin are bonded, and the pictorial image ceases to be diluted or dissolved with water, like an oil painting. Solubility in water exists only in the presence of an aqueous dispersion. This should be remembered when cleaning brushes. We must not allow the paint to dry on them, because then it is impossible to dissolve it.

Paint is produced, as a rule, in the form of a thick suspension, therefore it holds a smear well, therefore, it can be used in the “oil” technique. The advantages of using acrylic are lower cost, faster drying, allowing layer after layer to be applied. The disadvantage is that after drying, this paint can no longer be washed off. However, before drying, it can be diluted with both special thinners and plain water, which allows you to work in the "watercolor" technique. Acrylic can also be used in mixed media, along with other types of paints. For example, some artists use it as a primer; others are for underpainting. Quick-drying paint that adheres well to any surface, gives a lot of opportunities for creativity.
However, not only classical painting is the main scope of acrylic paints. In the West, they are mainly used for hobbies. Since different types of acrylic fit well on almost any surface, they are used for painting glass, ceramics, plastic, stone. This type of paint is suitable for decorating rooms, painting walls and windows. At home, such paints are used for painting dishes, wooden crafts - that is, for any hobby in which you need to paint something.

Acrylic paints Koh-I-Noor

The main production area of ​​Koh-I-Noor are dry artistic means, such as pastels and charcoals, slates and sanguines, which have a century-long tradition. In the means for painting, the company has a tradition of "only" half a century; the quality of the products meets the highest standard, the products are intended for both amateur artists and professional artists. Acrylic paints, both basic and low-filled, are currently produced in 37 color shades, and the color scale continues to expand. Integral part The designation of these colors is, of course, guaranteed light fastness. Paints are available in metal tubes of 40 ml, or in plastic tubes of 250 ml, or in plastic jars 500 ml. The paint is produced under the designation Acrylic. As an option, the firm also supplies the acrylic thinner itself, which can also be used as a final surface finish to achieve a sheen.

Acrylic from the plant "Gamma"

Acrylic paints produced by Gamma are an alternative to oil and can be used both in impasto painting and as watercolors.
Decorative acrylic paints produced by Gamma differ from similar products in their versatility. In addition, acrylic fluorescent paints for children's creativity are produced. Fluorescent acrylic has bright, unique colors and is designed to decorative works. The paints themselves are bright, but transparent, so it is recommended to apply them on a light surface, or use white decorative acrylic as a primer. They can be applied to any surface previously cleaned of dust and grease: cardboard, paper, plaster, fabric, glass, metal, leather. On the this moment Gamma produces nineteen regular colors and six fluorescent colors. Decorative paints are available in two types of packaging - large cans (250 ml) and in sets (each package - 75 ml). The company's specialists recommend taking small tubes with you to the open air - their packaging is better suited for transportation than large bottles. The latter are more appropriate for studio work - they are economical, the paint does not dry out in them, it is convenient to squeeze it out of the can onto the palette.
Fluorescent paints are available only in sets of six 7.5 ml jars, as they are used mainly either by children who do not use paint on an industrial scale, or in design work, but also a little.

Assortment of acrylic paints ZHK

In the assortment of the "Plant of Artistic Paints" there are artistic and decorative acrylic for any surface. The main qualities of acrylic are ease of use, compatibility with other materials and versatility.
Artistic acrylic paints are more matte and thicker than decorative ones. Due to the consistency of matte acrylic, you can work both in case and in the glazing technique. Decorative acrylic, unlike artistic acrylic, forms a glossy surface when dried. This property makes it possible to solve precisely decorating tasks, and therefore glossy acrylic is in demand in interior design, in the field of arts and crafts, among glass, ceramics, and theater artists. These acrylic paints occupy the middle price segment and at the same time have a quality that is not inferior to the most popular foreign analogues.

Mother-of-pearl acrylic from the Luch plant

Since 2001, the Yaroslavl chemical plant "Luch" has been producing mother-of-pearl acrylic, which is distinguished by pastel colors with a characteristic mother-of-pearl effect. These paints are not transparent, they can be diluted with water to the desired consistency, and also dry quickly, and after drying the paint is not washed off. Their main focus is the use of children's creativity for coloring crafts, postcards. For young sculptors, this is a real find, as figures made of gypsum, clay, salt dough or plasticine, painted with mother-of-pearl paints, do not lose their brightness over time, acrylic does not crumble or peel off. These paints are non-toxic and do not contain solvents. Paints fit well on any surface, they can be painted on paper, cardboard, glass, wood, ceramics, porcelain and other materials. Mother-of-pearl acrylic can be used to colorfully decorate an advertisement, a stand or a visual aid at school.
The assortment of the enterprise includes two sets of acrylic paints: three and five colors, each of which has a unique colors. The three-color set features blue, gold, and pink tones, while the five-color set includes lemon, scarlet, emerald, brown, and purple. Paints are produced in convenient plastic jars with a capacity of 20 cm3.
Acrylic mother-of-pearl paints can also be used for design work, they dry faster than gouache, leave an elastic, water-resistant film, and after drying, the color of the paints becomes deeper. Tempera lovers can also recommend mother-of-pearl acrylic, since these paints are close to each other in their properties, but acrylic paints are superior to tempera paints in a number of properties and retain their qualities much better during storage. Possessing a number of advantages over other means of painting, mother-of-pearl acrylic can be used both independently and in mixed media in combination with pencils, watercolors, gouache, and tempera.

Characteristics of acrylic paints produced by "Tair"

Acrylic paints produced by "Tair" are water-borne, viscous, soft opaque paints based on acrylic resin, which do not contain harmful substances and pigments with heavy metals.
The paints have a low odor and dry by evaporating water, becoming water resistant. Their paint layer is elastic, mechanically strong and durable. They are resistant to weathering, do not turn yellow and do not age. They have bright saturated colors and a silky surface. After drying, they do not form cracks and do not wrinkle. These paints have excellent "adhesion" to almost all grease-free substrates. Dry within one hour. They can be mixed with each other in any ratio, as well as with gouache and tempera paints. Resistant to turpentine, gasoline, alcohol and white spirit.
Perfect for designers and decorators, for easel and wall painting, for professionals and amateurs, for theater artists. Suitable substrates for acrylic paints are: paper, cardboard, fiberboard, chipboard, primed canvas, fabric, glass, plastic, primed metal, concrete, brick, plaster, natural stone, plaster. Used indoors and outdoors.
Decorative acrylic paints of the popular and well-known trademark "Decolor" are made from the best pigments that imitate noble and non-ferrous metals. The richest palette of 36 colors and shades allows you to cover all types of finishes known today using precious and non-ferrous metals. "Decolor" is an exclusive product that has no analogues Russian production. Compared to imported paints, "Decolor" is not inferior to them in quality, but compares favorably with the price.
The group of acrylic paints for paintings is represented by paints of the famous brand "Acryl-Art" - the first acrylic paints for painting in Russia. The Acryl-Art color palette contains 56 bright saturated colors.

Acrylic paints produced by Olki

Artistic acrylic paints "Olki Art" are designed for traditional painting on the ground, cardboard, any kind of paper. They can work in different techniques(oil, watercolor, tempera) depending on the needs of the artist, and such paint properties as light fastness and elasticity greatly expand its possibilities. The quick drying of the paint allows you to even combine techniques using different types colors. If you dilute the paint (with a special thinner or just with water), then you can work in the watercolor technique, moreover, when applying several layers of paint, the lower one will not be blurred by the upper one. The series consists of twelve colors.
Acrylic paints for design and arts and crafts are designed for painting wood, leather, plaster surfaces, as well as some types of plastics, stone and many others. The paints do not contain organic solvents, and after drying they give a durable waterproof film. After drying, the color of the paint darkens somewhat. This series consists of 19 colors.
Paints for painting fabrics can be used in different techniques - from cold batik to screen printing. The series consists of 16 colors.
Acrylic paints for glass painting are designed for making stained-glass windows, Christmas decorations, porcelain painting and glazed and unglazed ceramics. Available in a set of six colors.

The range of imported paints of the company "Chernaya Rechka"

The company "Chernaya Rechka" presents at Russian market acrylic paints produced by the Italian company Maimeri in three series - Brera Acrylic, Polycolor and Start.
The paints are made from a mixture of acrylic resins in water emulsion combined with the best pigments on the market and other highlighting agents. quality characteristics paints and protecting them from the harm of atmospheric, chemical and physical influences.
Brera Acrylic paints are universal. They can freely mix with each other. The gamma consists of 93 colors, 20 of which are specially designed for overflows, rainbows, metallic sheen.
Polycolor thin acrylic paints are based on pigments of increased lightfastness mixed with acrylic emulsion, which lie on any substrate and form a strong and elastic film. They are particularly suitable for work that will be outdoors. The gamut has recently been expanded to 48 colors. Currently there are also seven metallic colors. Due to their versatility and dense juicy consistency, Polycolor acrylic paints have long been recognized by artists.
Start is a specially designed scale to facilitate the work of those who take the first steps in this writing technique. Paints are prepared on the basis of pigments with bright and light colors. Due to the soft, creamy consistency, the paints easily lay down on any base. All colors mix freely with each other. Can be used for work that will be outdoors.

Acrylic factory Ferrario

TrestSpetsBumSnab presents Acrilic School acrylic paints on the Russian market. This paint is ideal for artists, hobbyists and schoolchildren. The characteristics of this paint are as follows: fast drying, good lightfastness, excellent application on surfaces, flexibility (elasticity), brightness (luminosity), insolubility with water and oils. Acrilic School includes 24 colors that can support watercolor, gouache and oil painting effects.
The Apa Color series of matt acrylic paints includes 51 tones, including 9 metallics, which can all be mixed and layered. The main characteristics of these products are the breadth of application and the excellent quality-price ratio. The series is suitable for everyone who uses acrylic paints a lot, namely: for artists, students, decorators and designers, it is also suitable for small touch-ups and modeling. Apa Color acrylic paints can be applied by brush, trowel, roller, airbrush and spray gun. They adhere strongly to any non-greasy surface and remain highly elastic, even when applied thickly. The binder is a finely ground, non-yellowing acrylic resin diluted in aqueous emulsion with pure pigments of the highest quality, both natural and synthetic, which provide good light fastness and purity of tones. All colors have a pleasant matte and covering effect. Inflicted in pure form or diluted with water, they dry in a short time. The Apa Color series is packaged in convenient transparent plastic packages that allow you to see the paint.

The Cril Color series of thin acrylic paints is available in a range of 56 tones, including 6 metallic tones, all of which can be mixed with each other. Thanks to the rationalization of production and the careful selection of acrylic resins and pigments, the Ferrario factory was able to launch a series of highly competitive quality professional paints on the market. Cril Color series paints are bright, lightfast, elastic and have excellent fixation on non-greasy surfaces. Suitable for both brush and trowel application, even in large coats, Cril Colors are ideal for artists, hobbyists and students.

Coloring is one of the most ancient and widely common to this day ways of finishing. It is used everywhere - when carrying out repairs in the interior, and in the design of facades and adjoining buildings. But if recently undisputed leader were paints and varnishes on organic solvents, now the “palm” in the field of finishing residential buildings has been intercepted by water-soluble ones. But water-based paints also have differences, and it is important to be able to understand this so as not to make a mistake with the choice of the optimal material.

For example, a lot of discussion raises the question - latex paint or acrylic, which is better? The modern construction market is literally overflowing with compounds, appearing under various titles . Therefore, when choosing them, confusion often arises, and the consumer finds himself at a dead end, not really knowing which option to stop him. To understand this issue, let's try to take a closer look at the information about the characteristics of the materials in the title of the article.

Let's clarify the terminology!

Probably, the first thing to do when figuring out which of the above paints is better is to clarify the definitions, eliminate some confusion in the established "folk" terminology.

To begin with - what lies under the name "latex". According to the "academic" definition, it is an aqueous dispersed emulsion of polymer particles of natural or synthetic origin. The classic example of natural latex is natural rubber. tropical tree hevea. Before a certain moment it was almost the only way to obtain elastic materials.

By the way, any of us probably met with natural latex in life. White bitter juice protruding from the stem of a plucked dandelion belongs to this category.

Of course, no rubber plants would be enough to meet the needs of an ever-growing humanity in latex. And chemistry was called to help - they were developed earlier and continue to be developed and now technologies for the synthesis of polymers - latexes, both similar to natural rubber, and far superior to it in their performance characteristics.

And now attention - modern synthetic latexes are water-soluble dispersions of butadiene-styrene, polyvinyl acetate, isoprene, acrylate (which, in turn, are divided into acrylic and polyacrylic), siloxane, urethane and some other copolymers.

Why is this being said now? And in order to immediately become clear - the term "latex" does not define the chemical compound of specific substances, but the liquid state of dispersed polymers. That is, acrylic paint is the same latex as polyvinyl acetate (PVA), butadiene-styrene etc . Which means given in header article dilemma initially contains a contradiction. How would you, for example, react to the question - which is better, vegetables or cucumbers? That's it…

However, this, though completely wrong, but a stable division into acrylic and latex paints still exists in everyday life, is widely used in the trade sector, confusing many.

If we try to “dig into” the sources of this information (more precisely, disinformation), we can come to the following conclusion.

• Acrylic paints are considered to be those in which the polymers of the acrylic group act as the sole or predominant binder. Such compounds have greater wear resistance and durability. And on the packaging of such paints, manufacturers often emphasize - "acrylic 100%".

• Latex, for some reason that is not entirely clear, is considered to be those paints and varnishes in which the main binder is used butadiene-styrene dispersion. Paints based on this are usually cheaper and not as durable.

By the way, paintwork materials are very common, the name of which combines both components. So they write - "Latex acrylic paint." And here already there can be two options. Either this is a correct understanding of the wording "latex", as we said above, or the composition is a dispersed mixture of acrylates and styrene butadiene.

So, we figured out - all water-soluble modern paints are inherently latex. But already their specific composition matters, so when choosing it, you should pay special attention to it.

Composition and stabilization of water-soluble paint emulsions

Any water-soluble, that is, in fact, a latex paint composition is formed by several components:

• The binder is one specific polymer or a mixture of them. The binder mass determines such qualities of the paint as resistance to external influences, adhesion, durability of the applied coating and other physical and operational characteristics.
• Solvent - water or other liquid, which is the unifying and determining the consistency of the binder mass.
• Various additives that improve the quality of the emulsion or determine the scope of the material. For example, some paints are designed to be applied only to a specific material - it can be metal, glass, wood, etc.
• A pigment is a substance that determines the color of a paint composition, and most often it is a fine powder that does not dissolve in a solvent liquid. The pigment is mixed with the binder and is in suspension in the volume of the solvent.

• Filler is a special component that makes the applied layer of paint matte, semi-gloss or glossy after it dries. In addition, the filler, as well as modifying additives, improves the adhesion of the paint to the surface and increases the strength of the applied finishing layer.

The process of polymer emulsion stabilization is quite simple to understand. As mentioned above, fine particles of polymer and pigment are suspended in a liquid - they do not stick together and do not dissolve in it. Before painting, the mass is mixed to a homogeneous consistency, and then the paint is applied to the surface.

From the applied paint layer, the liquid gradually evaporates, while the distance between the dispersed particles decreases. And when completely dry, the polymer "droplets" from the pigments are already tightly adjacent to each other. Due to their such “rapprochement”, a strong elastic film is formed on the surface.

The main advantages of latex formulations

The main "advantages" of latex compositions are their high wear resistance and considerable service life without loss of decorative and protective qualities. Paints are quite versatile in use, that is, they are suitable for use in rooms with almost any microclimate.

Latex compounds do not contain both heavy metals and other toxic substances, so they can be safely used in living areas of the house, including bedrooms and children's rooms.

The characteristics of paints from different manufacturers are different from each other, but on average they “fit within the framework”, approximately as shown in the table below:

These, of course, are very approximate indicators that give only a general idea, and which should be clarified already when choosing a specific paint and varnish composition. And besides those mentioned, latex paints have the following characteristic features:

• Due to the presence of a minimum amount of fillers and pigments in the composition of latex paint, they are resistant to various contaminants. Applied to the surface, the compounds dry quickly, which significantly reduces the time between coats. The ink film formed on the surface very often has a dust-repellent quality.
• The latex paint layer after drying is "breathable", that is, it allows air and water vapor to pass through. This quality allows the use of compositions for application on facades - moisture will not linger in the thickness of the walls, evaporating freely to the outside.
• Latex coatings lend themselves well to wet cleaning, that is, they can be washed with a sponge or soft cloth, in some cases even using detergents with water.
• The saturation of the original color is retained for long time, since the pigments used in the compositions have a fairly high resistance to fading.
• The paint has no pungent odors and does not emit toxic substances when stained. Therefore, finishing work can be carried out in residential premises, without even leaving the house or apartment for several days.
• The high elasticity of the paint mass allows it to penetrate and create a layer of the required thickness not only on flat, but also on embossed surfaces.
• The paint is produced in a matte or glossy version, which allows you to choose the most appropriate for a particular surface.

Some classification criteria for water-soluble latex colors

Latex paints can be divided according to several criteria, which include:

• Surface quality of the dried paint layer. On the packaging, the manufacturer indicates what effect the staining will have - matte, semi-matte or glossy. The choice of paint according to this criterion depends on what surface it will be applied to.

For example, it is recommended to apply matte and semi-matte paint on a perfectly leveled wall or ceiling surface, otherwise all plane defects will be clearly visible. The glossy version of the composition is better suited for less smooth surfaces, as the gloss will serve as a "cover" for small ledges and depressions formed on the wall or ceiling.

According to this criterion, latex paints are divided into six types, which are indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging with an alphabetic or numerical designation:

- completely matte - CM or 0÷5;

- matte - M or 6÷10;

- semi-matte - PM or 11÷29;

- semi-gloss - PG or 30÷59;

- glossy - G or 60÷89;

- completely glossy or 90÷100.

It should be noted that completely glossy compositions are rarely chosen, since surfaces reflecting bright light are tiring and pressing on the human psyche. Therefore, the most popular option is paint that has a matte effect.

• Latex paints are also divided according to the field of application. Yes, there are:

- facade compositions, that is, intended for external use;

- for indoor use, for covering ceilings and walls;

— universal paints for external and internal use;

— latex paints for floors;

- special paints for waterproofing, and some others

• Divide latex paint according to physical characteristics as moisture resistance and wear resistance. To select paintwork materials according to these criteria, you need to pay attention to such a parameter as abrasion class. So, for ordinary latex paints, the dry abrasion class is indicated, and for moisture resistant - wet or wet abrasion. There are three classes, the first of which is the highest parameter. That is, the material indicated by this figure is the most resistant.
• Another criterion that you should pay attention to is coverage. It determines how evenly the paint lays on the surface. To be more precise, how much paint is needed to completely hide the color of a base that is uniform in tone. Or, according to the technology of production testing of hiding power - how much paint is needed to remove the contrast between black and white fragments until full visual perception of color uniformity.

This parameter helps to evaluate both the cost-effectiveness of the consumption of the coloring composition, and how many layers will have to be applied to the surface in order for the color to be even.

By the way, there are two approaches to assessing the hiding power:

- Domestic manufacturers often use an indicator expressed in grams of paint per square meter of the area to be painted (g / m²). It is clear that the smaller this value, the better the paint quality.

— According to European standards, the covering power is indicated by the area of ​​the plot that can be covered with one liter of paint (m²/l). Here the picture is reversed - the higher the indicator, the better.

Varieties of paint by binding polymers

One of the main criteria for choosing a paint and varnish composition just are the varieties of binder latex polymers that were used in the manufacture of paint. That is, probably, around which the “problem” is built, which became the name of this publication.

On sale you can find latex paints that were made using different binders: acrylic, acrylic silicone, butadiene-styrene and polyvinyl acetate. What they are and what they are intended for - this is what needs to be sorted out so as not to make a mistake with the choice.

Polyvinyl acetate paint

This type of composition is known to most ordinary people under the name of the usual " water emulsion". It is made on the basis of the well-known composition of PVA (polyvinyl acetate).

The paint does not contain organic solvents and is practically odorless. This coloring composition has excellent adhesion and fits well on the surface. However, until it is completely dry, it can be easily washed off with plain water. water emulsion quite popular with the Russian consumer, largely due to affordable price. But this composition has its own “cons”, which should also be mentioned.

Water-based paint has low abrasion resistance, and is also quite easily washed off with water even after drying. Therefore, it is not recommended to use it in rooms with high humidity. If you run your palm over a wall painted with water-based paint, then a trace will remain on it, as if from whitewashing. Therefore, it is most often used for painting the ceiling of dry rooms.

In addition, this type of latex paint is not recommended for use in unheated rooms, as it is not frost-resistant. Over time, the layer may begin to crack and flake off the surface.

The surface of the dried water-based paint has a matte effect, the level of which can be designated as 0÷10.

Butadiene-styrene latex paint

Butadiene-styrene paints also belong to water-based latex. It is they who are most often mistakenly singled out as a special category of “latex”, which is fundamentally wrong, as we have already said above.

Unlike polyvinyl acetate, butadiene-styrene the compositions are more wear-resistant and moisture resistant, so it will be difficult to wash off the dried coating afterwards.

Very significant disadvantage paint made using this binder can be called low UV resistance. Under the influence of sunlight, the painted surface very quickly loses its original "fresh" appearance.

Exactly because of this reason butadiene-styrene latex paints are recommended for use in rooms such as corridors, bathrooms (it is not afraid of moisture), pantries. Or other rooms whose windows face the north side or are completely absent.

Price butadiene-styrene paint and varnish compositions are not particularly different from polyvinyl acetate, that is, they belong to the category of the most affordable.

Acrylic silicone paint

This type of latex paint has a pronouncedly high wear and moisture resistance, and is also inert to UV rays. Besides, acrylic-silicone the composition is "breathable", therefore, on the surfaces covered with it, a favorable environment for the occurrence of mold will not be created.

Therefore, it can be used to clean up surfaces in rooms with high humidity, as well as to paint facades. It should be noted that acrylic-silicone paint is often used to paint surfaces previously coated with silicate or silicone paints, since these types of compounds interact well with each other. But pure acrylic on old silicone will not fall in any way.

Acrylic latex paint

Pure acrylic latex paint is the most sought after option, and, even though quite high cost compared to other latex formulations.

This demand is due to excellent characteristics that exceed the same parameters of any other compositions made from a mixture of polymers. Therefore, if you look from the practical side, it is more cost-effective to purchase exactly acrylic latex paint. This is due to the fact that it will take much less to cover the same surface area than if you use another type. And in terms of wear resistance and durability of the coating without losing its decorative qualities, it has no equal. That is, the prospect of the next cosmetic repairs becomes very distant.

Acrylic latex paints are used for both interior and exterior exterior finish.

Rubber acrylate-latex dye

This type of coating material is a high-tech product that forms a thin but highly durable waterproof elastic layer on the surface. Such coating qualities are achieved due to the correct combination of its constituent components:

• Purified water acts as a solvent in this paint.
• Antifreeze gives the material resistance to low temperatures, that is, makes it frost-resistant.
• Acrylate latex acts as a binder.
• A coalescent is a substance that serves as a catalyst in film formation.
• The composition includes special additives that improve the functional and decorative qualities of the material.
• One of the components is fungicides - antibacterial substances designed to protect the painted surface from the appearance and reproduction of mold and other microflora.
• Special preservatives are used to increase the shelf life of paint in hermetically sealed packaging.

Paint has numerous advantages, which include the following qualities of the material:

• The rubber paint coating can withstand negative temperatures up to -50 degrees, so it is suitable for painting the facade walls of the house, fences, as well as the walls and bottom of pools.
• The paint can be applied to products made from materials such as metal, wood, brick, concrete, foam blocks and even asphalt.
• Rapid setting and drying of the composition applied to the surface - this period lasts about two hours.
• The rubber paint coating is breathable and vapor permeable material. This effect is created due to micropores, which are formed when the composition applied to the surface dries.

• The rubber coating has an anti-slip effect, so it is great for covering garden paths, steps of the stairs, as well as the bottom of the pool.
• Paint can be applied with different instruments- it can be a brush, sponge, roller or spray gun.
• Rubber compounds are non-toxic and do not evaporate into environment harmful substances, so they can be called environmentally friendly material.
• High level of wear resistance - the coating is designed for operation for 9-11 years, and - with the preservation of its original appearance.
• The elasticity of the resulting film also contributes to long-term operation, since thanks to it the coating does not crack and calmly tolerates temperature changes and mechanical stress. The applied paint takes the shape of the surface, and as the temperature changes, the coating shrinks and expands along with the material on which it is applied.
• A variety of shades of rubber paints allows you to choose desired color for a particular case.

Rubber paint is used for both indoor and outdoor use. It covers any surface, including playgrounds, gyms, courts, house walls, fences, roofing, including asbestos-cement slate.

What to look for when choosing latex paint?

Now, knowing what latex paints are, it is worth deciding what you need to pay attention to when choosing a paint for finishing a particular area of ​​\u200b\u200ba house or apartment.

• It must be said right away that latex paints intended for indoor use are not suitable for facade works, as they are unstable external factors.

Therefore, the first thing you need to pay attention to when studying the packaging is what kind of work the paint is intended for, internal or external.

• Paint durability. So, compositions intended for coating ceiling surfaces have lower wear resistance, so they are not recommended for use on walls. As a rule, the manufacturer indicates on the packaging for which internal surfaces it is recommended to use this type of paint.

• degree of whiteness. This parameter is also indicated by the manufacturer on packages with white paint. So, for example, for the ceiling, it is worth buying super-white paint, which is characterized by perfect whiteness without a yellow tint. The ceiling is best covered with two layers, after calculating the amount of paint for a certain area.
• Glossy or matte paint. According to this parameter, the paint is chosen depending on what effect you want to get as a result. Glossy paints, after drying on the surface, give a characteristic sheen that can somewhat hide small surface flaws. Matte paint is usually applied to a perfectly smooth surface, it does not give a shine, and therefore will show all the bumps and scratches.

This property of the paint is also indicated on the packaging. In some cases the manufacturer designates it as deep matte, velvety matte, silky matte or silky glossy. Since the matte type of paint is more popular, experts recommend choosing a silky-matte version of it.

The decorative qualities of silky-matte paints are much higher than those of simply matte ones. Such compounds give surfaces a more noble appearance, are not so heavily soiled and are much easier to clean. However, their cost is somewhat higher than the price of paints with a different surface effect.

• Hiding power. You should also pay attention to this parameter, as it will help save on paint consumption. This has already been mentioned above.
• Paint consumption per square meter is a parameter closely related to hiding power. Also indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging.
• Moisture resistance of the paint. If you plan to paint surfaces in the bathroom, then you need to choose compositions that indicate exactly this quality of the solution. Such paint is equipped with additives that give the coating hydrophobicity and allow wet cleaning.

The price of latex paints depends on its quality and manufacturer. For example, moisture resistant and facade compositions have a higher cost. However, this is not a reason, for reasons of economy, to purchase the usual option for wet rooms or exterior finish, as it will not last long.

Some experts recommend choosing imported paint or one that is produced in Russia under the license of a foreign company. These recommendations are explained by the fact that foreign manufacturers have more experience in the production of such products, they use proven manufacturing technologies, and work is constantly being done to improve the characteristics of the compositions. However, imported or licensed paint has a significantly higher price tag. And the original products of many Russian companies often compete almost on an equal footing with Western ones.

Recommendations for the process of painting surfaces with latex paint

• When preparing the surface for painting, it must be well cleaned. If the walls are loose, they must be reinforced with a deep penetration primer. Then the surfaces are leveled with putty, polished and must be cleaned of dust.
• Priming the leveled surface under latex paints with non-adapted compositions is not recommended, as there is a risk of excessive application of the primer, which will create a strong film. As a result of this, the coloring composition will lie unevenly, and serious defects will appear in the lining. Instead of primer, for surface preparation it is better to use paint diluted with water, in a ratio of 5: 1 - it will serve as a primer and the first layer of staining.
• Paint is best applied with several painting tools - a roller and brushes different widths. Roller is convenient to cover large areas, and with brushes hard-to-reach places - corners, as well as the space around radiators.

• In order for the color to be even, it is impossible to paint the surface in separate sections. If the ceiling is painted, then the roller must be carried out from wall to wall, and if the walls, then from floor to ceiling.
• You should not use a foam roller nozzle for coloring, as it leaves air bubbles on the surface, which can create uneven coloring.
• It is necessary to apply and roll out the paint quickly enough to prevent smudges and sagging.
• Each layer applied to the surface must dry well before the next one is applied to it.

Products from several reputable latex paint manufacturers

On the modern construction market there are a large number of paints from various manufacturers, so it is often very difficult to make a choice. It would seem that the composition of the paints is the same, but the price for them varies, sometimes several times. That is why many consumers, wanting to save money, choose those materials that are cheaper, forgetting that they are made using different technologies.

To provide guidance to the interested reader, here are a few manufacturers who have been making latex paint for decades and who have earned recognition for their the high quality of their products.

OLIMP®

"OLIMP®" is a Russian company producing latex paints, which, by their characteristics, are rightly considered the best achievement of the domestic industry. Products are manufactured using technologies that take into account climatic conditions as much as possible. Russian regions and many years of experience in domestic construction. The cost of the paints of this company is lower than their foreign counterparts, however, they are not inferior to them in terms of quality. "OLIMP®" produces paints for interior and exterior use. Each of them has its own name:

• "Alpha" is a matte paint intended for painting ceilings.
• "Beta" is a matte composition designed to cover not only ceilings, but also walls.
• "Gamma" - matte washable paint for walls and ceilings, which can be used to paint the surfaces of the corridor and kitchen.
• "Delta" - silky-gloss washable paint, also used for covering walls and ceilings. In addition, it is used for painting non-woven wallpaper.
• "Elastic" - matte washable paint that can take the shape of the base and withstand some deformation, without violating the integrity of the layer. Due to its qualities, this type of paint can be used in new buildings that are still subject to shrinkage. The composition has a high degree of hiding power and is resistant to repeated wet cleaning.
• "Sigma" - matte paint used to transform the facade of the house.
• "All-weather" - matte facade paint, which can be used to work at temperatures from -20 to +35 degrees. This composition shows maximum resistance to external atmospheric influences.

"Tikkurila"

Tikkurila is a very well-known Finnish company in Europe engaged in the production of paints and varnishes on various bases, including those based on latex. The company opened the first plant for the production of coatings back in 1919. The first water-based interior paint "Joker" was made by the company in 1953, and what is interesting is that this composition under the same name is produced to this day.

In 2006, the Tikkurila concern acquired Russian company Kraski TEX LLC, which since that time has been working on Finnish technology, producing paints and varnishes, putty compounds, antiseptics and primers.

"Tikkurila" produces latex paints for various purposes. Here are some very good examples:

• "Harmony" - interior deep-matte paint, giving the surface a velvety effect.
• Luya is an interior paint containing an antiseptic component that protects walls from mold.
• Euro 2 is a latex emulsion designed for painting ceilings.
• "Euro 3" - latex paint for application to wooden surfaces.
• "Euro 7" - a composition used for painting plastered, brick and putty surfaces, as well as wallpaper intended for painting.

• "Euro 12" is a semi-gloss latex paint with high wear resistance, therefore it is applicable for painting walls in a corridor or kitchen.
• "Euro 20" - paint designed to cover walls and ceilings in rooms with high humidity, as well as radiators.
• "Euro Sealing" - a latex composition for covering the ceiling.
• "Euro Facade Aqua" - facade paint, which includes a silicone and antiseptic additive that prevents mold and moss from appearing on external walls.

Dulux

Dulux is an international trade brand owned by the British company AkzoNobel. The company's products are sold in more than a hundred countries around the world.

In our country there are a large number of sales offices of this manufacturer, which are located in almost all regions of Russia. Therefore, paint can be easily purchased in any Russian city.

• "Dulux Creations - Sand" is a sensory latex enamel designed for painting walls and ceilings. The paint can be applied to cement and lime surfaces, gypsum, drywall, paper, fiberglass and wallpaper.
• "Dulux Creations - Moonlight" is a latex emulsion, also intended for application to the internal surfaces of residential and non-residential premises. Can be used to cover plastered, concrete, plasterboard, fiberglass and other surfaces.
• « D ulux Matt White" - matte latex paint for ceilings and walls creates a durable washable "breathable" coating on surfaces.
• « Dulux Latex Matt" is a high quality matte latex paint on acrylic base for interior work, which can be applied to gypsum, concrete, fiberglass or paper substrates. The coating has a microporous structure, which allows the surfaces to "breathe".
• "Dulux Kitchen & Bathroom" is a matte latex emulsion that is resistant to grease vapors and drops, as well as to condensation. It is used for painting bathroom and kitchen surfaces. The microporous structure of the coating allows walls and ceilings to "breathe", which eliminates the risk of mold.
• Dulux Trade Weathershield Smooth Masonry Paint is a washable, semi-matte, breathable emulsion. The manufacturer establishes a guarantee for the coating of this paint at 15 years. At the same time, not only the integrity of the coating is preserved, but also the original color.
• "Pure Brilliant White" - semi-gloss facade washable paint with excellent vapor permeability. The manufacturer also gives a guarantee for such a coating for a period of 15 years, while maintaining the integrity of the paint layer and its color.

All the paints mentioned above are either presented in a fairly wide range of colors, or tinted to order.

Caparol

Caparol is a German brand owned by the very well-deserved company DAW SE, which specializes in the production of building materials, including paints and varnishes. It was founded in 1895, and during its more than a century of work has won recognition in many countries of the world, including Russia.

• "Caparol Samtex 3 E.L.F" - deep matt latex washable paint for interior surfaces, belongs to the 2nd class of wet abrasion. The emulsion can be used to color plastered or concrete walls and ceilings, as well as wallpaper finishes. The paint has high adhesive ability, easy to apply on the surface. The emulsion does not contain toxic substances, therefore it is an environmentally friendly material.
• Caparol Samtex 7 E.L.F is a silky matte interior latex emulsion well suited for covering walls and ceilings in areas such as kitchens and corridors. The composition is easily applied and distributed over surfaces with a roller and brush.

The degree of abrasion of this emulsion is defined as class 2, so the coating can be subjected to wet cleaning. The paint is breathable, does not contain toxic substances.

• Caparol Samtex 20 E.L.F is a silky-gloss version of a latex paint designed for interior use. The emulsion is resistant to abrasion, is an environmentally friendly material and is suitable for application to various surfaces, including wallpaper. The paint is able to emphasize the relief pattern of the surface. This is especially important when it is applied to non-woven wallpaper.
• "Caparol CapaGold" and "Caparol CapaSilber" - these acrylate emulsions in combination with the appropriate primer are able to reproduce the silver or gold color, which looks especially impressive on relief patterns. Most often, such paints are used in addition to the one-color painting of structured surfaces.

Paints are applied using various techniques, using spatulas of different widths, brushes, sponges or rollers. The coating is resistant to ultraviolet rays, moisture and other external influences, therefore it can be used not only indoors, but also for decorating individual facade elements.

In conclusion, it must be added that it is impossible to list all noteworthy manufacturers, as well as the names and purpose of their samples of latex paints. But, focusing on the recommendations given in the article, it will be much easier to understand the variety of products presented in hardware stores.

And, perhaps, the video below will help you make the right choice:

Video: Recommendations for choosing water-dispersion acrylic paints

Very often, when choosing a paint for construction, buyers stop just at acrylic. And this is no accident - it has a number of advantages that are valued by consumers, such as durability and bright color. Painting with acrylic paint, which paint to choose and how to apply it correctly, you will learn from this article.

Acrylic dyes are common not only in the construction business, but also in painting. They are often chosen for creating designs on cars, used in nail salons for painting on nails.

Before applying such a dye, the surface must be prepared.

You need to perform some actions, namely:

• clean the surface of all kinds of contaminants;
• treat with a primer if the surface absorbs moisture too much;
• bring the paint to the desired consistency;
• use a brush or roller to apply paint;
• provide the required temperature, not lower than +10°C;
• prepare water to clean the brushes.

If the paint remains after work, it must be tightly closed with a lid, otherwise everything beneficial features will be lost, and in the future it will be impossible to use this dye.

• Non-toxic and environmentally friendly

In the manufacture of acrylic paints, not a single substance is used that can harm the human body.

• No smell

Acrylic paints have absolutely no smell, so working with them is convenient and pleasant.

• Does not burn

Flammable substances contained in this paintwork no, so you can not be afraid of fire.

• Dries quickly

The thickness of the layer affects the speed of drying, but, as a rule, this has time to happen in a couple of hours.

• Huge selection of colors

The color range of acrylic paints is truly diverse. Probably for this reason it is chosen not only in construction, but also in painting.

• It is not afraid of dirt and does not let in moisture, while allowing air to pass through

• durable

• elastic

• Increased durability

• It does not require special care

• durable

Often manufacturers claim that acrylic paint may not lose its external properties within 10 years.

• Wide application

Acrylic paints are well resistant to ultraviolet rays, are not afraid of mechanical stress and tolerate moisture. They are suitable for both wet areas and outdoor use.

• Universal

Acrylic-based paint is unpretentious and can be combined with all sorts of materials. It is compatible with most surfaces. This dye is not combined only with plastic, or rather, with some of its varieties.

According to the scope of use, acrylic paints are divided into 4 types:

1. outdoor;
2. internal;
3. paints for painting;
4. automotive.

Facade acrylic paint consists of a number of additives that protect it from direct sunlight, moisture and abrasion. This type of paint is suitable for any outdoor work. They can cover the facade, gate or fence.

Acrylic paints for rooms are not so protected from external factors. But they also have a number of advantages, such as easy application to the surface and long term services. For painting the ceiling and walls, there is a special type of paint. In addition, there are universal dyes that are equally suitable for outdoor and indoor use.

Acrylic dyes are also in demand for painting cars. They are applied to the body, which changes the appearance of the car beyond recognition. There are also compositions specially created for painting, used in painting. Even for painting nails or painting on fabric, acrylic dye can be used.

Compositions on acrylic are great for a variety of surfaces, most notably for metal and wood. With their help, you can paint walls and ceiling surfaces, and universal paints, justifying their name, can be used in almost any conditions.

Most acrylic paints have special advantages that set them apart from others. These include:

• moisture resistant paints;
• lightfast;
• washable;
• resisting mechanical stress.

There is also a division according to the degree of gloss. In addition to matte and glossy acrylic paints, semi-gloss and silky-matt are also available.

Table. Technical characteristics of facade paints.

Acrylic-based paint is easiest to dilute with water. This is not only simple, but also effective, because water is part of the acrylic paint. But it should be remembered that given type the dye dries quickly, and then creates a protective waterproof film, so that the tool after work must be cleaned as soon as possible before the paint has dried.

Also, a thinner is well suited for dissolution, which the paint manufacturers themselves readily recommend. It significantly affects the characteristics of the paint, thereby making it possible to add shine and saturation to the coated surface.

• mix water and paint in equal proportions. Thanks to this, it will be possible to achieve the ideal mass and convenient application;
• when diluting paint with water in a ratio of 1: 2, you can create a thin layer that evenly covers the surface;
• when diluting, it is important to take into account the proportions that are dictated by the type and thickness of the required layer. The thinner layer you want to achieve, the more water you need to add.

Dried paint is more difficult to thin out. To do this, grind it to a powder state, pour boiling water over it. When the water cools, you need to drain it and repeat the procedure again. After that, you will need to get rid of excess water and mix the paint. Although the dye can be made usable, it should not be applied to critical areas. After drying, the paint partially loses its properties, so it will not look the same as before. For outdoor work, it is no longer very well suited, except when painting an outbuilding.

Using acrylic paint is quite easy, especially if you know its features and subtleties of working with it.

This can help you instructions for the correct painting of the ceiling:

1. First of all, you need to prepare the surface for painting. ceiling surface cleaned of existing contaminants. In addition, it should be as even as possible. In the event that the ceiling has not been painted before, it is pre-primed before applying the composition. The primer will save paint and protect the coating from fungus or mold.
2. The paint remaining on the ceiling must be disposed of with a spatula. This is important, since the presence of even small particles of paint on the surface makes painting impossible.
3. Existing chips or cracks are sealed using putty. When it dries, it needs to be rubbed, then apply a primer and only then take up the application of paint.
4. Prepare all the necessary tools in advance: a brush, a roller, a separate dye container, a stepladder or ladder, the paint itself.
5. Start painting from the corners using a brush, as a roller is not suitable for this purpose. Once you've finished painting the corners, brush around the perimeter of the ceiling. And only after that you can continue painting with a roller.
6. The first coat of paint can be applied in any direction. But the last painting should be carried out strictly towards the window. With this simple technique, you can achieve the effect of smoothness.

Acrylic-based paint dries quickly enough, so painting the ceiling can be done in one day. In addition, acrylic paints do not smell at all, which is why they are often chosen for finishing work.

You can apply them in two ways:

• previously diluted with water or special mixtures;
• in the form of a paste, when choosing this method, a thickener will be needed.

To dilute the composition, a separate container will be required, if this is done in a jar of dye, then when the moisture evaporates, it cannot be used.

To paint the facade with such a composition, you need to perform a number of simple steps:

• Pre-prepare the surface

The facade of the building must be absolutely clean. Any dirt is not allowed. Also make sure that there is no fungus on the walls. Repair cracks if you find them.

• Apply a primer

When the surface is completely ready, it is required to apply a primer. This improves the adhesion of the composition to the surface, in addition, the paint can be saved.

• Paint the facade

Coloring is done by hand with a brush and roller. If you have a spray gun, you can use it. You need to apply at least two coats of acrylic paint. The second can be applied only when the first is completely dry.

related materials

New premium interior and exterior acrylic paint WeatherOne® CoverCoat from Cloverdale

WeatherOne® CoverCoat, a premium interior and exterior latex paint and coating from Cloverdale, is formulated with a 100% acrylic base and can be used over plaster, masonry, treated wood, metal, galvanized surfaces that must be properly treated. and for which a preliminary application of a primer is required.

A large number of products from the lacquer and paint industry are currently produced, which are needed to give surfaces a beautiful appearance. Thermochromic paint is one such product. It is used to create souvenirs and interesting household items. For making dishes for children, it is also very necessary, as it gives information about whether the food is hot.

The research project of scientists from the UK and Greece provides for the development of new advanced polymer-based raw materials and composite materials, as well as technologies for processing and manufacturing new powder paints.