Water faucet installation in the ground. Big Encyclopedia of Oil and Gas

For a water or gas pipeline, it is most convenient to embed an underground plastic ball valve. Such a design can provide a sufficiently long period of operation, moreover, without any problems with maintenance.

There are many material options for such valves, but plastic is the most convenient, as it is not at all afraid of dampness and corrosion. We'll show you how to install it and show you a themed video in this article.

PE taps

Description

• much cheaper than metal ones, so most settlements and various industrial facilities cannot do without communication routes made of this material. In addition, the price of a PE crane is much less than that of a steel counterpart, but the service life is immeasurably longer, which also plays a significant role in the choice of materials for pipelines.
• The widespread use of such a mechanism is also due to its fairly wide range of diameters.- it can be mounted on pipes with a cross section of 20 to 315 mm and it can operate at temperatures from -20 ⁰C to +40 ⁰C, this is acceptable for any region of the Russian Federation for underground installation.

• In addition, a ball valve for underground installation can be mounted without equipping a special well for this - to adjust it, it is enough to bring the control mechanism outside, and the assembly itself can be covered with earth. The distance to the ground surface from the pipe can be from 1650 mm to 2750 mm.
• The telescopic rod is extended by a square hollow profile, at the end of which a hexagonal sleeve is welded, which is installed on the crane axis and rotated using a square / hexagonal metal rod.
• A ball underground valve is made of polymeric materials(the design is intended for butt welding, or for). The outlet pipes on this mechanism are made of PE 100 SDR11 - this is quite enough for gas pipelines with a pressure of 10 bar and water pipes with a pressure of 18 bar.

Note. A protective polyethylene casing of two thin-walled pipes is installed on the extension cord.
They can move freely from one to another.

Specifications of some cranes

Table for SDR11

Ball valves PE

Dimensions. Standard

PE faucet without blowdown

Installation nuances

Note. In the Russian Federation, at the moment, a water or gas underground tap is not widely used.
However, a lot of construction organizations are showing a healthy interest in such structural devices.

These shut-off valves in ground or underground (using wells) design can be used in gas facilities. But, at the same time, the instruction does not recommend the use of wells along the route.

The thing is that the rules for working in these tanks and recommendations for opening them greatly complicate the operation of this type of shut-off valves.

JSC "Gazprom" has developed certain technical standards, in which the installation of stop valves made of polyethylene (the price is not taken into account) is preferably carried out without wells.

Installation "under the hatch"

There is a standard STO GAZPROM 2-2.1-093-2006, which demonstrates (illustrate) solutions for the design, construction and reconstruction of polyethylene pipelines for gas pipelines.

It describes a variety of installation options for PE ball valves that can be performed:

• Directly on the roadway (in the middle of the road);
• Directly on the carriageway (in the middle of the road) and on pedestrian sidewalks, as well as in the park area;
• Under the carpet (turf) in the park area or forest belt.

Conclusion

Do-it-yourself installation of PE taps for home plumbing is currently somewhat difficult, since there is no special equipment for this, which is supplied through a network of hardware stores.

If we talk about plastic, then for the private sector preference is given to polypropylene and at the moment this material fully satisfies the needs of residents of the private sector.

In the underground version, it is designed for installation on gas pipelines and water pipelines located underground, and acts as a locking mechanism.
The working environment is controlled by opening or closing the stop valve valve.

Thanks to the auxiliary bearing, the ball moves smoothly after being installed in the ground.

These cranes have a full passage for passing the working medium through themselves. Valves over 200mm in diameter are equipped with a mechanical operator, which reduces torque and ensures smooth opening/closing.

The design of the valve is made of plastic material (PE 100), which provides the most maximum corrosion resistance, thereby extending the service life up to 50 years.

Unlike underground steel cranes, underground polyethylene cranes have a removable telescopic stem, which can vary from 1.2 m to 2.0 m.

Polyethylene ball valves can be manufactured with Du from 20 mm to 400 mm.

A polyethylene underground valve is attached to the pipeline by butt or electric welding, and has a strong, airtight connection that is impermeable to the working environment.

Two (and in the case of large diameter valves, three) O-rings installed between the bearing and the housing, especially at the bottom of the bearing, provide a unique level of tightness.

The pin between the adapter and the bearing securely fixes the valve during its opening and closing.

The sealing ring installed between the adapter and the body prevents soil and dust from entering the inside of the valve.
Polyethylene ball valves for underground installation may be installed on a gas pipeline with a pressure of not more than 10 bar, and a water supply system with a pressure of not more than 16 bar, and in the temperature range from -29ºС to 60ºС.

To facilitate the rotation of the shut-off element in valves with a large diameter, one-way and two-way purges can be used.

Material and properties of parts:

1. Housing

Material: HDPE polyethylene - low pressure polyethylene (high density)

Characteristic: the housing is designed taking into account the installation of the ball inside, the tightness and tightness of the bearing, the ball seat, the retainer, the sealing rings. For easy installation, the bottom of the case is machined tightly. The bearing and adapter are located in the center of the bottom. The inside of the case is machined cleanly and neatly by CNC machines to securely install each piece.

2. Bells

Material: Polyethylene(MDPE: Medium Density Polyethylene)

Characteristic: sockets are made taking into account the connection with a specific pipe. It is made with grooves for inserting heat pipes. At the choice of the client, installation for a crane of any type is possible (without purge, with one, two purges).

3. Ball

Material: polypropylene (POLYPROPYLENE: PP)

Characteristic A: The ball is made by CNC machine. The ovality of the ball does not exceed 30㎛, so there is no damage to the seat from friction. The applied silicone grease allows operation even with minimal torque.

4. Bearing

Material: acetal (ACETAL)

Characteristic: Bearings are made of acetal parts, molded from extruded blanks by digital control, taking into account stability, elongation, dimensional stability. Increased tightness thanks to 3 O-rings - between the middle of the stem and the body (2 pcs.) and between the lower part of the stem and the body (1 pc.).

5. Ball seat

Material: NBR (RUBBER)

Characteristic: Ball seat, o-ring, and other rubber parts are made of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) to improve elasticity, elongation, and durability under standard temperature and pressure ranges.

6. Retainer

Material: polypropylene (POLYPROPLENE)

Characteristic: These elastic retainers are injection molded from polypropylene and are inserted on both sides of the body and hold the ball seat firmly.

7. Adapter

Material: polypropylene(POLYPROPLENE)

Characteristic: Made of polypropylene by injection molding, taking into account the heavy load when the ball is fired, including tensile force, elongation, impact resistance. At the bottom of the adapter there is a locking device that prevents rotation more than 90°. A sealing ring is inserted inside the adapter, with the help of which it is possible to prevent the ingress of foreign particles.
The adapter is able to withstand a large load.

8. Auxiliary rod

Material: acetal (ACETAL)

Characteristic: Provides simple, easy operation even when the crane is buried deep in the ground. Designed to take into account the high load that occurs at the bottom of the stem when the ball is fired (which even exceeds the load at the top!). The lower part is injection molded from acetal and can withstand the highest excess torque when opening/closing the valve.

9. Mechanical operator

Material: polyethylene, etc.

Characteristic: Designed for large diameter valves (more than 200mm), installed on the auxiliary stem with 4 gearboxes to reduce torque. Resistant and anti-corrosion. Handwheel opens/closes easily with 2½ turns. The mechanism is equipped with a safety device to prevent undue stress when opening/closing is completed (internal parts can be replaced if they break).

Underground ball valve found wide application in the field of installation of pipeline communications. It is used as a shut-off valve to shut off and regulate the flow of the working medium. Despite the simplicity of the design, it demonstrates a high level of reliability in operation; during its operation, the presence of "stagnant" zones is excluded.

Underground cranes presented on our website have a different purpose

• Equipping systems that transport aggressive and non-aggressive media;
• Controlled by means of a gearbox, but it is possible to equip it with a pneumatic or electric drive;
• Operation under nominal pressure up to 16 MPa;
• Installation of communications in a wide range of diameters: 80-600 mm;
• Use on pipelines that are laid underground.

Design features

main working body underground ball valves serves as a shutter, which is a steel ball with a through hole. When the locking element is open, the hole and the pipeline are parallel to the same axis. When blocking the movement, the hole moves by 90 ° and is located perpendicular to the pipe.

Alloy and stainless steel with high anti-corrosion properties are used for the manufacture of fittings components. Elastic PTFE is selected for sealing.

From design features underground cranes It is worth highlighting the presence of an elongated stem. Welding technology is used to connect fittings to the pipeline, which provides the following advantages:

• Tightness of communication;
• Reliability of the pipeline in operation
• Maintenance free.

When using this fitting, it is not necessary to create a manhole and enclosing structure. If it becomes necessary to dismantle tap, then this is done by cutting off part of the nozzles. During installation and dismantling work, the shutter must be left in the open position. Otherwise, the ball may be damaged. Fittings are selected depending on the operating conditions and technical characteristics of the pipeline system.

In the company "StroyNefteGaz" you can purchase underground ball valves for various pipelines. All presented models differ in high quality of execution and long term of operation.

For underground pipelines buried in relation to the ground surface, an underground ball valve was created driven by an electric motor, pneumatic cylinders, a gearbox or a T-shaped key. The body has a multi-layer anti-corrosion coating, the spindle extension is protected by a vertical shell pipe with a flanged connection to the upper part of the valve body.

Design features

Initially, the ball valve has more than 100 versions, each of which has its own marking in table No. 1 ST TsKBA 036 of 2007. For example, single-pipe 10nzh937p, coupling economy 10nzh12p, retro 10nzh11p, three-way 10nzh2p, for welding 10s7p, in an all-metal monocase 10nzh13p, fitting 10nzh14p, reducing 10nzh24p, with leakage control 10s28p, with heating 10p.

Almost every one of them is suitable for underground installation, but only after making special changes to the design. For example, it is possible to install inside the well and with simple backfilling with soil. In the latter case, it is imperative to protect the extension cord with a tubular sheath along its entire length. The pipe is attached to the body with a flange, so a counter flange is required in the upper part.

Ball valve body

The design of the ball valve body depends on several objective factors:

• preparation method;
• development of design bureaus of a specific manufacturer's plant;
• requirements of GOST, TU, OST and ST standards.

According to the manufacturing technology, ball valves are divided into categories:

• in an all-metal non-separable case;
• in two parts;
• from three elements.

In the first case, the body is turned on the machine, cast into the formwork by the centrifugal method, welded from several tubular blanks or two stamped parts.

In the second version, the body of the ball valve is assembled on flanges from two vertical halves. In the latter case, the seat with the ball is pulled together into a single package by side pipes through the flanges using studs.

In addition, the body of the underground ball valve can be full bore or reducing. In the first case, the inner diameter coincides with the size of the pipeline section, the hydraulic resistance inside the line is minimal. In the second version, the couples are narrowed by one standard size, that is, they can reduce the characteristics of the flow of the working medium, diagnosing and cleaning devices will not be able to pass through such a valve.

A collapsible body of 2 or 3 parts is much more convenient in terms of maintenance of valves. At any stage of operation and during scheduled maintenance, you can clean the internal cavity or replace the seat rings. A non-separable case is much more hermetic and cheaper to manufacture.

Some manufacturers use original technical solutions in the design of the body of ball valves. For example, a drainage system in the valve body of large diameters allows you to drain condensate from a pipeline transporting natural gas.

When using a hydraulic and pneumatic drive, they can be controlled from external sources and the transported medium itself. For this, special holes are made in the housing, and the drive is strapped.

The bypass system allows you to safely equalize the pressure inside the valve cavity and behind the nozzles, which is especially important for ball valves DN 700 - 1400 mm.

The body material is carbon, alloy and stainless steel marked "s", "ls" and "nzh", respectively. Depending on the method of installing a ball valve underground, different body protection against aggressive media is used:

• acrylic paint - has electrical insulating properties, protects the reinforcement from stray and induced currents;
• epoxy-based coal paint - resistant to electrocorrosion and mechanical damage;
• polyurethane foam coating - used for wellless installation directly into the ground;
• polymer paint coating - standard protection against corrosion and mechanical damage.

Large-sized ball valves of underground installation are mounted by cranes and manipulators. Cloth and cable slings are used for engagement, but additional cargo hooks are usually not installed on the body.

Locking knot

Initially, the underground ball valve belongs to the category of swivel valves. There are shut-off, shut-off, regulating, shut-off-reducing and regulating-cut-off modifications for specific operating conditions. The main features of ball valves are:

• movement of a spherical plug from one extreme position ("open") to another ("closed") during the rotation of the spindle by 90 degrees, therefore the valve is called half-turn;
• the cork is mounted in supports, a wear-resistant anti-corrosion coating is applied to its surface;
• the seats have a design of rings that evenly distribute the pressure of the working medium on the ball;
• manufacturers provide lubrication to the spindle and seat assemblies.

The basic package of large diameter ball valves usually includes a combined actuator with the ability to operate on gas or liquid media. This is the most economical option for reducing the budget for the operation of the main pipeline.

The design of the plug in the supports makes it possible to spring the seats to the spherical plug or use the pressure of the working medium itself for the same purpose. That provides the maximum A class of tightness of the gate assembly on both sides of the valve. For the safety of the rings themselves, in turn, secondary soft seals and special grooves are responsible, into which the rings go.

Pressure relief from the internal cavity of the valve body is possible only when transporting liquid media. For gas pipelines, valves are produced with a sealed design of the internal cavity without drainage and bypass.

Climatic modification according to GOST 15150 - "UHL", "HL", "U" or "T" is chosen by the customer.

Spindle and extension

Underground ball valve manufacturers typically provide the following spindle extensions:

• less than 1000 mm;
• 1001 - 1500 mm;
• 1501 - 2000 mm;
• 2001 - 2500 mm;
• 2501 - 3000 mm.

In this case, the lower part of the tubular shell of the spindle extension is fixed with bolts with a mating flange on the body of the ball valve. The upper end of the extension is fitted with a T-wrench (usually in fire hydrants and HKX systems), pneumatic or hydraulic actuator, bevel, spur and worm gearbox, electric actuator or manual handwheel / handle.

If the hydraulic pneumatic actuator is controlled by the working medium from the main pipeline, copper or steel tubes are additionally used, tying the valve body with the nozzles of the drive device. The tubular sheath of the spindle extension is covered with the same protective compounds that protect the body of the ball valve - paint and varnish or polymeric materials.

Drive device

For an underground ball valve, operation is allowed with all types of drives indicated in the table of figures of GOST R 5272 of 2007:

• 0 – remote control;
• 3 - 5 - mechanical gearbox with worm, cylindrical and bevel gears, respectively;
• 6 – pneumatic actuator;
• 7 - hydraulic drive;
• 8 – electromagnetic solenoid;
• 9 - electric drive.

In addition, at the request of the customer, drives of a combined type can be installed - electro-hydraulic, pneumo-hydraulic. For diameters from 400 mm, AAZK automatic machines are often used, which close the valve without the participation of an operator. Piston drives with liquid and gas working medium require BUK, BUP and EPUU control units powered by 24 V, 110 V or 220 V DC.

For use at gas facilities / mains of Moscow, a ball valve for underground installation must have a GazCert certificate. In heating systems, hot water and cold water, such documentation is not needed.

In addition to ball valves with all types of actuators for any installation method, our resource offers pipeline parts, shut-off, control, shut-off, emergency valves from leading brands of the Russian Federation and our own production. Consultations for site visitors are absolutely free.

Ball valves are a type of valves for pipelines that are designed for gaseous and liquid media. They are used in both domestic and industrial environments. Cranes are so widely used due to their reliability, durability and simplicity of design.

Distinctive features

Ball valves are compact, practical, neat and aesthetic appearance. Using them is incredibly simple: just turn the special knob 90 degrees. So you can instantly stop the supply of water or gas. This factor is especially important when it comes to any accidents and leaks in gas or water pipes.

It is also important that the faucet is made of durable material that is resistant to corrosion, mechanical damage and aggressive environments. In addition, the valves are wear-resistant and have a long service life. If necessary, they can be easily repaired at no tangible cost.

Design

Cranes consist of the following elements:

• frame;
• pens;
• housing and adjusting nut;
• Teflon sealing seat;
• stem with rubber seal;
• sealing washer.

The passage of the necessary medium is carried out by a special shutter - a part in the form of a metal ball with a through cylindrical hole in the middle. The size of this hole matches the inner diameter of the attached pipe. In this regard, the cranes are called full bore.

Operating a ball valve is extremely simple. If you open it completely, there will be almost no hydraulic losses in the circulation flow. This feature reduces the degree of wear of the pipes and increases their service life. To completely shut off the flow, simply turn the control knob 90 degrees.

Kinds

Throughput:

• full bore - 90-100%;
• incomplete bore - 40-50%;
• standard - 70-80%.

According to the material of manufacture:

• brass;
• plastic;
• other alloys.

Each material has certain advantages and disadvantages. The choice of a particular type depends on the purpose of the crane.

Mounting type:

• coupling;
• flanged;
• welded;
• combined.

Scope of application

Coupling

They are used to equip gas, water and heating systems of residential buildings and public buildings. Most often used for standard radiators, even under the carpet. Union valves are convenient and easy to use, practical, compact, easy and quick to install without special equipment. Suitable for pipes with a diametrical section of not more than 40 millimeters. If the pipe is larger, it is better to opt for a flanged valve.

Flanged

Mounted on pipes with a diameter of more than 5 centimeters. To achieve maximum tightness, special seals are used during their installation. This type of spherical structures is characterized by increased strength indicators. They are collapsible non-collapsible. In the first case, the design consists of two elements (to ensure easy and quick disassembly). This is necessary in order to easily replace a faulty structural part. Non-separable flange options have an integral body, and in case of damage to any part, the valve must be completely replaced.

Welded

Most often, such ball valves are mounted in closed places and cannot be dismantled. For example, they are often used in the construction of buildings. This is the main difference between the welded type and all the others. The structure is created by welding.

Combined

They include several options for attaching to pipes. The number of nozzles for combined cranes is different, in connection with this they are: through passage, angle, multi-way. The latter option is simply indispensable in situations where there is a need to mix several different media at the same time.

There is another, much less common type of ball valves - choke. It is used in various industries: chemical, food, etc. The main feature of such structures is the possibility of multiple dismantling. They are simple to implement and convenient to use.

The choice of a ball valve directly depends on what it will be used for and how it will be attached.

• If you are looking for a ball valve that is strong and durable that is resistant to corrosion and temperature changes, then it is better to opt for a brass construction. This option is ideal for hot water pipes or for the construction of underground structures.
• A plastic or polyethylene ball valve can easily be deformed or become unusable when exposed to high temperatures. Therefore, it is best used for pipes with cold water or gas.

When installing a ball valve underground, it is not necessary to build a special well - for adjustment, it is enough just to remove the control mechanism and cover the assembly with earth.

How the ball valve works, see the following video.