Withdrawal of surface and ground waters. Surface and ground water drainage device

2.187. It is necessary to include permanent and temporary (for the period of construction) devices for diversion in subgrade designs surface water.

Surface drainage can be omitted when designing a subgrade in areas of sand distribution in areas with an arid climate.

The diversion of surface waters to low relief places and to culverts should be provided for: from embankments and semi-embankments - ditches (upland, longitudinal and transverse drainage ditches) or reserves; from slopes of cuts and half-cuts - by ditches (upland and beyond the banquet); from the main platform of the subgrade in recesses and semi-cavities - using cuvettes or trays.

2.188. The system of structures for collecting and draining surface water from the subgrade at the sites of industrial enterprises should be developed in conjunction with the project for the vertical layout of the site, taking into account sanitary conditions, the requirements for protecting water bodies from pollution sewage and improvement of the territory of the enterprise, as well as taking into account technical and economic indicators.

To collect and drain surface water, open (cuvettes, trays, drainage ditches), closed (storm sewers with a network of shallow and deep drainage) or a mixed drainage system are used.

2.189. The scope of work on the design of drainage devices includes: determination of the volume of flow to the drainage devices of the drainage basin; selection of the type, size and location of the drainage device, allowing the use of earth-moving machines for its construction, as well as for cleaning during operation; the appointment of a longitudinal slope and water flow rate, excluding the possibility of silting or erosion of the channel with the accepted type of slope and bottom strengthening.

2.190. Minimum dimensions and other parameters of drainage devices should be assigned on the basis of hydraulic calculations, but not less than the values ​​\u200b\u200bgiven in Table. 20.

Cuvettes should be designed, as a rule, with a trapezoidal transverse profile, and with appropriate justification - semicircular; the depth of ditches in special cases is allowed to be set to 0.4 m.

The greatest longitudinal slope of the bottom of drainage devices should be assigned taking into account the type of soil, the type of strengthening of slopes and the bottom of the ditch, as well as the allowable water flow rates in accordance with Appendix. 9 and 10 of this Manual.

If the maximum allowable longitudinal slope of the drainage device for the given design parameters is less than the natural slope of the terrain or the longitudinal slope of the subgrade at water flow rates of more than 1 m 3 / s, it is necessary to provide for the device of fast currents and differences designed individually.

Table 20

2.191. Transverse section drainage devices should be checked for the passage of the estimated water flow using automated hydraulic calculations in accordance with appendix. 9 of this Guide. In this case, the probability of exceeding the estimated costs should be taken,%:

for pressure ditches and spillways .................................................................. .5

longitudinal and transverse drainage ditches and trays ........ 10

Upland and spillway ditches for railways on the territories of industrial enterprises should be designed for costs with a probability of exceeding 10%.

2.192. On the watershed of two adjacent basins, it is necessary to provide for the construction of a dividing dam with an upper base of at least 2 m with a slope not steeper than 1: 2, with an excess of its height of at least 0.25 m above the calculated water level.

2.193. An open drainage system on on-site tracks is only allowed if the customer so specifies. When diverting water with cuvettes in subsidence, swelling, and heaving soils, it is necessary in the project to provide for measures against water infiltration from cuvettes into the subgrade by appropriately strengthening them.

If it is necessary to pass water through the path, including for bypassing water from a cuvette, intersleeper trays are used, while checking the sufficiency of their depth to pass water with the existing marks of the bottom of the cuvette.

2.194. Not allowed to design release atmospheric waters from ditches and ditches to:

watercourses flowing within the settlement and having a flow rate of less than 5 cm / s and a flow rate of less than 1 m / day;

stagnant ponds;

reservoirs in places specially designated for beaches;

fish ponds (without special permission);

closed hollows and lowlands prone to swamping;

eroded ravines without special strengthening of their channels and banks;

swampy floodplains.

2.195. In case of contamination of rain and melt water with industrial waste from chemical enterprises, treatment facilities should be provided.

Drainage devices should be placed in the right of way. The distance from the outer edge of the slope of the drainage device to the boundary of the right of way must be at least 1 m.

In places where watercourses exit onto the slopes of ravines and lowlands, drainage devices must be laid away from the subgrade and provided for their strengthening.

2.196. In areas with the presence of groundwater, upland ditches, as well as drainage devices within the excavations, should be developed in conjunction with drainage measures. ground water. When the groundwater horizon lies at a depth of up to 2 m from the surface, the upland ditch, with its appropriate strengthening, can serve to drain water from the subgrade, and if the groundwater occurs deeper, the deepening of the upland ditch below the aquifer is prohibited. In this case, other measures are envisaged to protect the subgrade from the impact of groundwater.

2.197. At closed system water is drained from the site of the enterprise using storm sewer. In this case, from the drainage trays, ditches and drainage pipes of the longitudinal drainage system, water is discharged into storm water wells with gratings. Wells in this case should have sedimentation tanks, and gratings should have gaps of no more than 50 mm.

2.198. A mixed drainage system in a built-up area is used in cases where the requirements for landscaping and the construction of storm sewers apply only to part of the site, and in the rest of it open drainage is acceptable when wastewater treatment is required.

With a mixed drainage system, the requirements for the installation of open and closed drainage systems should be observed.

2.199. The distance from the rain sewer pipelines to the axis of the outer track of the railway with 1520 mm gauge should be less than 4 m.

The distance between storm water wells is allowed to be taken according to Table. 21.

The organized diversion of surface waters is essential requirement improvement of the site. industrial enterprise. The accumulation of rain and melt water on the territory of the enterprise impedes the movement of vehicles, causes flooding of buildings, and this can lead to damage to equipment and destruction building structures. In some cases, with an unfavorable terrain, flooding of the territory can have catastrophic consequences. Incomplete and insufficiently fast drainage of rainwater, even with light rains, leads to an increase in the level of groundwater, premature destruction pavement and the deterioration of the sanitary condition of the site. Along with rain and melt water, water flowing down the surface of road surfaces during watering and washing is also subject to rapid drainage.

The organization of surface water drainage is decided in the process of vertical planning of the site industrial enterprise and is one of its main tasks. However, the vertical layout should provide the most favorable conditions and to solve the issues of transport and technological communication between individual facilities of the enterprise. Chosen by complete solution the tasks of the system and the scheme of vertical planning to a large extent determine the solution of the issues of surface water diversion.

The vertical layout of the site, depending on the degree of coverage of the territory by work to change the natural relief, can be continuous, selective or zonal (mixed). A continuous system of vertical planning provides for the production of works on changing the relief throughout the site without any breaks. With a selective system, only areas directly occupied by buildings and other structures are planned, while in the rest of the territory the natural relief remains unchanged. With a zonal or mixed system of vertical planning, the territories of an industrial enterprise are divided into zones of continuous and selective planning.

For the sampling system, the removal of atmospheric waters from the planned sites should be organized and the rest of the territory should not be swamped.

Removal of surface water can be carried out by arranging open drains in the form of trays and ditches or underground system rainwater pipelines. In some cases, it is possible to jointly discharge atmospheric water with domestic and dirty industrial wastewater through common or semi-separate sewerage networks.

An open type of drainage system requires quite large areas for ditches and necessitates the construction of numerous artificial structures on the roads, making it difficult for transport links within the enterprise. Open drains do not meet the high sanitary hygiene requirements: water stagnation is formed in them and dreams are easily polluted. The only advantage open type drainage is its relatively lower cost. However, the operating costs of maintaining open gutters are usually higher than those containing storm sewer pipelines.

Application open method drainage is possible with. some combination of favorable factors, such as:

selective vertical planning system; low building density;

a pronounced slope of the earth's surface of at least 0.005, the absence of depressions;

deep occurrence of groundwater; rocky soils, well-draining soils; undeveloped scheme of railway tracks and roads; a small amount of atmospheric "precipitation (average annual up to 300-400 mm, q ^<50);

lack of severe snowy winters.

Sometimes different sections of the territory of industrial enterprises have sharply different building densities, different saturation with communication routes, underground and aboveground communications. In such cases, a combined zonal drainage system can be used: rain sewerage is installed on one part of the territory, and a network of open drains is arranged on the other.

Recently, in connection with the increasing requirements for the improvement of sites of industrial enterprises, rain sewers * have become predominant.<720- В городах эта система часто предусматривается только на первую очередь строительства.

The main (advantages of a closed (underground) surface water drainage system are the following: the presence of only grids of storm water inlets on the surface of the earth; good conditions for traffic and pedestrians - pollution washed off the surface is immediately isolated in underground pipelines; independence from the level of groundwater; favorable conditions for connection of internal drains; the possibility of diverting surface water in flat terrain and from low places; low cost of operation; no difficulties in operation "In the spring; no need for annual repairs; the possibility of using clean industrial effluents that do not require treatment.

Water is one of the most common causes of damage to earthworks. In addition, if a large amount of water enters the pit or excavation, then their development is very difficult. Therefore, the drainage of water should, as a rule, be carried out before the commencement of earthworks.

Surface water diversion

Surface water can be drained in the following ways:

1. a device on the upland side near the cuts and embankments of upland ditches that collect water flowing along the slope (Fig. 5b);
2. arranging cuvettes in recesses to divert water falling onto the canvas and slopes of the recess (Fig. 5b);
3. the arrangement of correctly arranged reserves near the embankments (Fig. 5a) and correctly arranged cavaliers near the excavation (Fig. 5b);
4. the correct device for planning a strip of land between an embankment and a reserve or between a cut and a cavalier with a slope of the surface of this strip (berm) away from the structure;
5. a device on the upland side of the roller from the ground when digging a trench;
6. strengthening the slopes of embankments, excavations, dams and other structures.

If earthworks need to be carried out in a swampy area, then before starting work, it is necessary to carry out a series of works to drain the site, sometimes with a whole system (network) of drainage ditches that collect water from the swamp and divert it to the nearest river, stream, lake, etc. etc.

Groundwater drainage

Groundwater can occur at various depths.

With shallow groundwater and a small thickness of its layer, they can be diverted from the structure by open ditches that collect water.

Sometimes ground waters lie deep, and their layer has a large thickness. Then resort to the drainage device.

Drainage is a narrow closed ditch filled with water-permeable materials. At the bottom of these ditches, pipes are laid that collect groundwater or large gravel material that conducts water well.

The purpose of drainage is different:

1. Water drainage together with an open ditch(subcuvette drainages); in this case, the minimum section is given to the ditch, and the drainage is arranged under the bottom of the ditch. Drainage pipes can be wood, plastic, steel, stone, concrete or pottery (Fig. 35). In order for the drainage not to become clogged through the wells, the latter are closed from above with bars.
2. Lowering of the groundwater level. This depression is strongest near the drain; as you move away from the drainage, the level rises again (Fig. 36). In order to drain a large area, it is necessary to have drainages in several lines at a certain distance from each other in the plan.

Each drainage must have a longitudinal slope (0.0025-0.015). It is necessary to ensure that the water from the drainage has an outlet to a low point in the terrain, an open ditch or other deeper drainage. Drainages are arranged below the freezing line of the soil.

Drainage ditches are dug with special narrow shovels. In the absence of such shovels, digging is carried out with ordinary shovels, and then the width of the ditch has to be given a large one, which increases the amount of work.

If groundwater appears in the pit during work, it is necessary to resort to pumping out groundwater (drainage). In this case, the pit of water into the pit (by tongue and groove fastening).

These two types of work are usually done simultaneously with the excavation itself and are not preparatory, but auxiliary work and are described below.

Preparation of tools and inventory for work, their storage and organization of their repair

Before starting work, all the necessary tools and equipment (wheelbarrows, grabbars, etc.) must be prepared according to the number of workers, with a margin in case of a breakdown. The tool must be suitable for the soil and the type of work.

Tools, such as shovels, must be prepared with handles of various weights, and crowbars of various weights, so that the worker can select the appropriate tool. Tools and inventory must be attached to a specific team, link or individual worker responsible for their safety and condition.

To store the tool, it is necessary to have pantries at the place of work, and sheds are needed to store wheelbarrows, grabars and trolleys.

Timely repair of tools and all inventory should be provided.

In addition to the above preparatory work, before the start of the main work, it is necessary:

• provide workers with housing and food at the place of work;
• provide water supply;
• at the place of future work, examine the soils and accurately determine their category, the presence of groundwater, etc .;
• determine the exact scope of work;
• assign methods of production of work and their organization;
• allocate workers to brigades, links.

Surface water is formed from atmospheric precipitation (storm and melt water). Distinguish between surface waters "foreign", coming from elevated neighboring areas, and "ours", formed directly at the construction site.

The territory of the site must be protected from the inflow of “foreign” surface waters, for which they are intercepted and diverted outside the site. To intercept water, upland ditches or dikes are made along the boundaries of the construction site in its elevated part (Figure 1). To prevent rapid silting, the longitudinal slope of drainage ditches must be at least 0.003.

"Own" surface waters are diverted by giving an appropriate slope in the vertical layout of the site and by arranging a network of open or closed drains.

Each pit and trench, which is an artificial water collector, to which water actively flows during rains and snowmelt, must be protected by drainage ditches by embanking them from the upland side.

Figure 1. - Protection of the site from surface water ingress

In cases of heavy flooding of the site with groundwater with a high level of the horizon, the site is drained using open or closed drainage. Open drainage is usually arranged in the form of ditches up to 1.5 m deep, cut off with gentle slopes (1: 2) and the longitudinal slopes necessary for the flow of water. Closed drainage is usually trenches with slopes towards water discharge, filled with drainage material (crushed stone, gravel, coarse sand). When arranging more efficient drainage, pipes perforated in the side surfaces are laid at the bottom of such a trench - ceramic, concrete, asbestos-cement, wooden (Figure 2).

Figure 2 - Protection of closed drainage for drainage of the territory

Such drains collect and drain water better, since the speed of water movement in the pipes is higher than in the drainage material. Closed drains must be laid below the level of soil freezing and have a longitudinal slope of at least 0.005

At the stage of preparing the site for construction, a geodetic staking basis should be created, which serves for planned and high-altitude justification when taking out the project of buildings and structures to be erected on the ground, as well as (subsequently) geodetic support at all stages of construction and after its completion.

The geodetic marking basis for determining the position of construction objects in the plan is created mainly in the form of:

construction grid, longitudinal and transverse axes that determine the position on the ground of the main buildings and structures and their dimensions, for the construction of enterprises and groups of buildings and structures;

red lines (or other building regulation lines), longitudinal and transverse axes that determine the position on the ground and the size of the building, for the construction of individual buildings in cities and towns.

The building grid is made in the form of square and rectangular shapes, which are divided into basic and additional (Figure 3). The length of the sides of the main grid figures is 200 - 400 m, and the additional ones are 20 ... 40 m.

The construction grid is usually designed on the construction master plan, less often on the topographic plan of the construction site. When designing the grid, the location of the grid points on the construction plan (topographic plan) is determined, the method of preliminary grid breakdown and fixing the grid points on the ground is chosen.

Figure 3 - Construction grid

When designing a building grid, there should be:

Provided maximum convenience for marking work;

The main buildings and structures being erected are located inside the grid figures;

The grid lines are parallel to the main axes of the buildings under construction and are located as close as possible to them;

Direct linear measurements are provided on all sides of the grid;

Grid points are located in places convenient for angular measurements with visibility to adjacent points, as well as in places that ensure their safety and stability.

Altitude substantiation at the construction site is provided by high-altitude strongholds - construction benchmarks. Usually, strong points of the construction grid and the red line are used as construction benchmarks. The height mark of each construction benchmark must be obtained from at least two benchmarks of state or local significance of the geodetic network.

The creation of a geodetic stakeout is the responsibility of the customer. At least 10 days before the commencement of construction and installation works, he must transfer to the contractor the technical documentation for the geodetic staking base and for the points and signs of this base fixed at the construction site, including:

Building grid points, red lines;

Axes that determine the position and dimensions of buildings and structures in the plan, fixed by at least two leading signs for each separately located building or structure.

During the construction process, it is necessary to monitor the safety and stability of the signs of the geodetic center base, which is carried out by the construction organization.

Breakdown of earthworks

The breakdown of structures consists in establishing and fixing their position on the ground. The breakdown is carried out using geodetic instruments and various measuring devices.

The breakdown of pits begins with the removal and fixing on the ground (in accordance with the project) with leading signs of the main working axes, which are usually taken as the main axes of the building I-I and II-II (Figure 4, a). After that, around the future pit at a distance of 2-3 m from its edge, a cast-off is installed parallel to the main center axes (Figure 4, b).

A single-use cast-off (Figure 4, c) consists of metal racks hammered into the ground or dug-in wooden poles and boards attached to them. The board must be at least 40 mm thick, have a cut edge facing upwards, and rest on at least three posts. More perfect is the inventory metal cast-off (Figure 4, d). To allow vehicles to pass, there must be gaps in the cast-off. With a significant slope of the terrain, the cast-off is done with ledges.

Figure 4 - Scheme of laying out pits and trenches: a - scheme of laying out the pit; d - inventory metal cast-off: e - layout of the trench; I-I and II-II - the main axes of the building; III-III - axes of the walls of the building; 1 - the boundaries of the pit; 2 - cast-off; 3 - wire (mooring); 4 - plumb lines; 5 - board; 6 - nail; 7 - rack

The main center axes are transferred to the cast-off and, starting from them, all other axes of the building are marked. All axes are fixed on the cast-off with nails or cuts and numbered. On a metal cast-off, the axes are fixed with paint. The dimensions of the pit on top and bottom, as well as its other characteristic points, are marked with clearly visible pegs or milestones. After the construction of the underground part of the building, the main center lines are transferred to its basement.

An integral part of a private house or cottage is a storm sewer, providing an aesthetic appearance of a residential building and the area adjacent to it. As well as preventing premature destruction of the foundation of buildings and the roots of plants growing on the site. To an inexperienced person in the field of "water disposal" this moment may seem like a dark forest. In this article, we will analyze everything point by point: the removal of surface, storm and melt water, from buildings and the site.

To create a storm sewer, which is also a surface water drainage system, elementary knowledge in construction and data on the most landscaped area are required. Storm sewerage is gravity, i.e. arranged at an angle, and includes the following elements:

1. Roof drainage;
2. Drainage drainage;
3. Collector or place of discharge of drainage.

Roof drainage receives atmospheric precipitation at roof level, through trays, gutters, funnels and sends them to the surface drainage system.

Designing a surface water drainage system

To design, you need to know:

• the average amount of precipitation (both in the form of rain and in the form of snow, melt water), you can find out in SNiP 2.04.03-85;
• roof area;
• the presence of other communications and facilities in the area being developed.

For design, it is necessary to decide in what places the drainpipes will be located and how many there will be. A diagram is drawn up, which displays the elevation differences in the surface of the site, the structure on it. The diagram indicates the places for laying all elements of storm sewers, including pipes, manholes and water discharge points. When designing, the amount of required materials and the cost of them are also calculated.

Roof drainage

The material of the roof drain is varied: steel, copper, color-coated steel, aluminum, etc. Plastic is especially popular. It is economical, resistant to damage, is a noise-insulating material, hermetic, light both in weight and in installation. To properly design a roof drain, you will need:

1. Metal bracket;
2. Stud with special nut;
3. Adjustable fastening;
4. Gutter bracket;
5. Tip;
6. Coupling;
7. Knee;
8. Funnel plug;
9. Gutter plug;
10. Corner element;
11. Funnel;
12. Gutter connector;
13. gutter;
14. Drainpipe.

The number and type of each element depends on the perimeter of the roof and the amount of liquid being pumped, because too powerful drainage is irrational in terms of financial costs, and a weak one will not cope with the task. It is necessary to find the best option. The figure shows the required dimensions, typical for central Russia.

Installation of a water drainage system from the roof of the house

Installation is carried out after the development of the project of the entire drainage system, familiarization with the instructions attached by the supplier store (each system has its own design features that must be taken into account). The general sequence of installation and work performed:

1. Installation begins with mounting the bracket on the side of the rafter wall or frontal board, taking into account the slope of the gutters.
2. Then the gutters themselves are laid using special plates and fastened to each other by cold welding or rubber seals. The cold welding method is preferred for joining gutters due to its resistance to warping.
3. An additional bracket is installed in corner and funnel connections.
4. Pipes are being installed, observing a distance of 3-4 cm from the wall. Brackets are vertically mounted at a distance of 1.5-2 m. The drain itself should be half a meter from the ground.

Tips from professionals:

• Gutters begin to be laid from the funnel so that the edges of the gutter are below the edge of the roof.
• If you use a pipe for collection from three directions of gutters (if the roof is of a non-standard shape), it is necessary to provide tees instead of standard funnels.
• The distance between the brackets should be no more than 0.50-0.60 m.
• It is recommended to pre-mark the slope of the gutters. For example, a rope stretched from the start to the end point can serve as a guide.
• Plastic drips are mounted at a temperature of + 5◦, otherwise the material will crack when cutting. Outflows from other materials can be mounted at any ambient temperature.

The device of the surface water drainage system

Surface water diversion system or surface drainage consists of point drainage systems and linear channels.

Point drainage systems are small wells locally connected to the roof drain. Trays are laid below the freezing level of pipes. The installation of such drainage is similar to the installation of a roof drain. A trench is being prepared (lower than the freezing depth of pipes, you can find out everything in the same SNiP) at a slope to the collector. Sand is poured in a layer of 20 cm. Pipes are laid using fittings. If the sealing is observed, the pipes are filled up.

Linear channels are of two types - open or closed, equipped with gratings or nets to retain large debris. The gratings should be predominantly made of metal, as withstand heavy loads (especially in places at the entrance to the garage).

Advice from professionals. For the effective collection of surface water, a complex arrangement of storm and point drainage is necessary. In the event of heavy rainfall, the bulk of the water will be carried away by surface drainage..

You can see how the process of installing a surface water drainage system looks in the video:

Deep drainage system provided if the area where the site is located is prone to prolonged rains. Such a system will protect the site from erosion, save trees from premature death (due to rotting roots), and protect the foundation from the destructive effects of water.

Groundwater drainage system

Groundwater drainage differs from the systems described above in that it is laid at a greater depth and in the case of groundwater close to the surface of the earth, which can flood a basement or underground garage. Drainage is combined with a storm drain, and the storm pipes are laid higher than the drainage. It is necessary to understand the difference between storm water and drainage. Stormwater for the removal of rain, melt water and floods, and deep drainage for the removal of groundwater and possible flooding. Surface and deep drainage are connected using special nodal connections for the accumulation of excess water in one place and its subsequent release, processing or reuse. Drains are mounted parallel to each other.

This is important: during heavy rainfall, water in large quantities passes through the storm sewer in a short time. When such a water flow enters the groundwater drainage system, this water enters the soil from the pipes, thereby not draining it, but flooding it, that is, it begins to perform the opposite function. Therefore, the surface water drainage system should be connected to the groundwater drainage system not earlier than the places where the pipes pass for water drainage and not drainage, if you look at the direction of water flow into the systems. Soil drainage is carried out in places where perforated pipes are laid. Water is drained by sealed pipes.

According to the method of groundwater extraction, they are divided into vertical, horizontal and combined drainage. Vertical drainage consists of vertical ribbed wells lowered into the groundwater layer. They are equipped with pumps and filters, respectively, for cleaning and pumping groundwater outside the territory. Such a scheme is quite complicated both in installation and in operation.

Horizontal drainage consists of perforated pipes laid at the optimal depth of the pumping outlet in dug ditches sprinkled with gravel. Ditches are dug throughout the site in the form of a Christmas tree.

The drainage device, regardless of the type of site, begins with the arrangement of a drainage well in the farthest part of the site, away from the house. You can use ready-made plastic wells.

In places of corner joints, manholes are arranged to facilitate the maintenance of communications.

The depth of the drainage is selected based on its tasks: if the goal is to collect groundwater to protect the basement, then the depth should correspond to the level of the basement floor; if the goal is to drain abundant waters sinking into the ground, the depth corresponds to the depth of the foundation.

The pipes are wrapped with special material () to prevent sand and gravel from entering the pipes, with which the pipe is covered with a layer of 20-30 cm. After that, the pipe can be covered with ordinary soil. Unlike vertical drainage, water collected through holes in pipes is discharged by gravity under a slope, and not by pumps.

Horizontal drainage is more popular than vertical or even combined because of the cost-effectiveness and ease of installation.

You can read more about the device of the groundwater drainage system in the article:

Discharge of collected water

excess water is removed outside the site, into a ditch, reservoir. If this is not possible, then a well or reservoir is arranged within the site, from where water can be reused.

Advice:

It is recommended that drainage be laid in ditches with V-shaped walls with a wall slope of 30◦ in the cross section of the ditch. Width 50 cm Recommended ditch slope1-3 cm per meter of length. Wells can be equipped from any material that does not corrode.

Maintenance of drainage systems

Maintenance of the above systems is not difficult if they are properly designed and constructed. Key points in service:

1. Once every ten years, carry out a thorough flushing of pipes with a pump to prevent deposits on their walls.
2. Regular visual inspection of wells, sewers and cleaning if necessary.

The shelf life of a properly calculated, laid, maintained drainage system is on average fifty, or even much more years.

Tips from professionals:

1. Be sure to check that the pipes are laid at a slope. The slope should be away from the house.
2. If it is impossible to install a gravity drainage system, a pressure ebb equipped with a pump is arranged.
3. Do not forget about the optimal design and compliance price = quality.Very often you want more, better, but the budget does not always allow you to implement your plan. So it is recommended to design, compare the project with prices, purchase and install in accordance with the recommendations given here.