Shield or timber house which is better. Which house is better: frame or timber

Such traditional materials for building houses, like bricks and logs, are increasingly being replaced by modern technologies that allow you to build a house much faster and cheaper. Frame houses and timber houses are now in the greatest demand on the market. suburban construction Therefore, we propose to understand the main features of these two technologies.

Which house is better: frame or timber?

This question is perhaps the most common among the owners of suburban areas, and the dispute between the happy owners of both types of houses can continue indefinitely. In fact, in order for this question to sound more correct, and the dispute to be constructive, many individual factors should be taken into account - the characteristics of the site, the climate, the personal needs of the owner. We, in turn, offer you an overview of the most important characteristics of these two technologies.

Comparison: a house made of timber or frame?

1. Construction

When making a decision, some features of both technologies should be taken into account, such as erection speed, choosing the right time of year to start construction and others architectural nuances.

How long does construction take?

If we compare the speed of construction of a light frame-panel house and a house made of timber, then the first one wins by a wide margin - construction and finishing here will take several weeks. More serious frame-based buildings will require more time, but even in this case, a team of skilled craftsmen is able to build and put the house into operation within one season.

One more important advantage frame houses is that they practically do not shrink, so you can start finishing immediately after construction is completed. In the case of timber houses, it is necessary to wait some time before starting finishing work. It is known that houses made of non-glued timber shrink for at least a year.

When to start building?

It is more often recommended to start building a house from a bar in winter, since in this case the tree will not tolerate the aggressive effects of the sun and high temperatures, and therefore will not crack and will shrink more evenly. A frame house can be built at any time of the year and in a few months it will be a housewarming party.

And what about the utility networks?

As for the gasket engineering communications(water supply, sewerage, telecommunication lines, heating system), then in frame houses this, as a rule, does not cause any difficulties. The small diameter of the pipes makes it easy to mount them inside any partitions. In a house made of timber, everything is more complicated: communications are laid either open way, placing them in special boxes, or closed, for which it is necessary to drill channels in the walls, which can weaken the structure.

architectural nuances

Do you think it is better to make a simple 6x6 house - from a bar or a frame one?

Timber construction assumes the classic shape of the house - square or rectangular. The scope of the frame is much wider than that of the timber. A serious advantage of frame buildings is the ability to carry out not only simple projects, but also the most bizarre ideas of the architect. Irregular geometric shapes, original and complex facades - all this is easier to implement using frame construction technology.

2. Service life

From the point of view of durability, which is better: a house made of timber or a frame? The advantages of timber include more long term operation, although the quality of wood harvesting, foundation and waterproofing, proper care after construction and climatic conditions in general will play a big role here. Longevity estimates for log houses typically range from 50 to 100 years., and the longest period is usually given to a profiled beam, which provides a tighter fit. So if you are wondering which building will not require serious repairs longer - a house made of profiled timber or a frame house, then the advantage will be on the side of the first.

However, if we are talking about a winter log house that requires additional insulation, then its durability will depend on the service life of the insulation used after which it will need to be completely replaced. Thus, timber houses here lose their advantage over frame buildings.

Modern frame houses are usually given from 30 to 80 years., this indicator will depend on the professionalism of the builders and the materials used in the "pie" of the walls. With high-quality assembly and proper care, frame houses can stand longer without requiring major repairs.

3. Thermal insulation properties

Which house is warmer: frame or timber? This issue is especially important for residents middle lane Russia. In this regard, frame technology can easily challenge the advantage of timber buildings. A frame house provides almost perfect tightness, while a timber requires regular caulking - from season to season, with changes in humidity and temperature regime the dimensions of the gaps between the bars also change.

Wood is known for its low thermal conductivity, but performance modern heaters, used in the construction of frame houses, still surpass it.

Let's take a look at specific numbers and calculations:

Timber house without insulation

GOST R 54851-2011 sets standards for heat transfer resistance (indicated by the letter R, unit of measure: m² °C / W), for Moscow and the Moscow Region this standard is 2.99 m² °C / W. If we use the http://www.smartcalc.ru program popular with builders, we will see that in order to comply with the standard, the thickness of the walls log house should be 515 mm, otherwise the house will have to be insulated additionally, which negates the desire of many to have an environmentally friendly and warm house without additional insulation:

Timber house with insulation

It is clear that it would never occur to anyone to build walls with a thickness of 515 mm (namely, as much as we found out is necessary to ensure compliance with thermal insulation standards), so a winter house made of timber will require additional insulation:

Let's make similar calculations for frame house, for the protection of which mineral wool 150 mm thick is used as a heater, wind and moisture protection and vapor barrier membranes:

findings

If we compare equally well-insulated frame house and a house made of timber, then the construction of a log house in the second case seems completely redundant. Using the example of calculating the heat transfer resistance for a frame building, it can be seen that good thermal insulation can be achieved without spending money and time on assembling a house box from an expensive timber.

note to another important point: the thickness of the walls, taking into account the ventilated gap and the exterior finish in the insulated timber house, will be at least 29 cm, while the thickness of the walls of the frame building is only 19 cm. Since caulked walls do not suit everyone from an aesthetic point of view, then inside they are usually sheathed with drywall. In a log house, unlike a frame house, this will require a crate, which also reduces the usable area. For clarity, you can calculate, using the example of a two-story house measuring 10x10 m, how much space can be saved on this difference in wall thickness.

It turns out that in a log house, the “eaten” area will be approximately equal to the area of ​​​​a small bedroom or two bathrooms, which is not so small!

It is worth noting that the heat capacity (ability to absorb heat) of a beam is higher than that of frame structures . It follows from this that the timber will keep the temperature inside the house longer when, for example, the heating is turned off. At the same time, to warm up the frozen wooden house much more time and energy will be required. The frame house, if it is not used for permanent residence, you can very easily “defrost” in the winter season and quickly achieve heating to a comfortable temperature.

Comparative table of specific heat capacity of building materials

AT comparative table below is the specific heat capacity of some building materials, as well as the amount of heat that 1 cubic meter of material can retain in itself when heated by 1 ° C.:

4. Eco-friendly

Both construction technologies involve the use of wood, the environmental friendliness of which is beyond doubt. However, the degree of purity of the timber is somewhat higher, despite all kinds of impregnations that are used in order to prevent rotting, fungal attack and increase the fire safety of the tree. During the construction of a frame house, sheets of plywood, chipboard or OSB can be used, which, although they are derivatives of wood raw materials, contain chemical impurities.

Markings OSB boards, most commonly used in the construction of frame houses, in Russia, Europe and the USA are the same, but the formaldehyde emission standards differ.

• For emission class E1 the norm is no more than 10 mg per 100 g of dry matter according to Russian requirements (8 mg for the USA and Europe).
• For class E2- no more than 30 mg (15 mg for the USA and Europe).

Be sure to pay attention to certificates for building materials, while focusing on European standards, in order to get a house that is really safe for your health.

fire safety

In defense of frame structures, it is also worth noting that the use of modern non-combustible materials (for example, mineral wool) significantly increases the fire resistance of the building, while timber houses, despite being impregnated with fire-retardant compounds, are still quite easily amenable to fire.

5. Cost

Which house is cheaper - frame or timber? It is impossible to answer this question unambiguously, because everything depends on the class of materials used. A high-quality, properly prepared beam without defects is worth its weight in gold, and finding a conscientious manufacturer is a rare success. In addition, the transportation of long loads will also cost a pretty penny, and the assembly itself timber houses generally more expensive than frame construction. Many point to the opportunity to save on finishing, because the timber itself looks very aesthetically pleasing, while frame buildings require mandatory interior and exterior decoration. But in fact, few people are satisfied with the appearance of caulked walls, and in the case of building a winter log house with additional insulation on the exterior of the facades, it will definitely not be possible to save money.

The concept of a frame house implies a reduction in the cost of construction, and indeed, the construction of such structures is significantly cheaper, despite the need for interior and exterior decoration.

If cost is of fundamental importance to you, then it would be advisable order an accurate construction estimate a specific option and then decide what will cost more - a house made of timber or frame.

The choice in favor of a frame house or a glued beam, as can be seen from the proposed comparison, will largely depend on the operating conditions and individual requirements of the future home owner. Unfortunately, in the format of this review it is impossible to cover absolutely all the nuances of both technologies. But we will be happy to provide you with full advice and answer any questions that will help you make right choice!

Wood is one of the most environmentally friendly materials used in the construction of individual housing. The construction industry offers big choice wood building technology. Such methods have become widespread among our fellow citizens. low-rise construction, as frame houses and houses from a bar. Let's spend comparative analysis advantages and disadvantages of these types of suburban buildings in terms of their year-round use.

Timber houses are divided into several types
depending on the type of beam that is used
in construction:

• normal;
• solid profiled;
• glued.

The first two types are budget options and are used for summer cottages. When building a residential country cottage, the most popular type is glued laminated timber. This is a high-quality building material, which is quite suitable for capital housing construction.

A modern frame house is also able to provide a comfortable stay. The main condition for this is the use of modern technologies, compliance with building codes and the use quality materials. Among all known species frame structures for year-round living the most suitable houses using 3D frame technology. The parameters of this frame house will be compared with the characteristics of buildings made of glued beams.

Both construction technologies mentioned - both glued laminated timber and 3D frame - can rightfully be considered as the most advanced and have significant potential for further development. In houses made of glued beams
and triple frame wonderfully combined two components - traditional wood and technological innovation. The indicated building construction methods belong to the Premium class and are approximately
one price category. They largely have similar characteristics that determine the main properties of luxury housing, but they also have fundamental differences.

Let's try to figure out which houses are better: from glued beams
or patented 3D frame technology?

Elements of lumber structures
and frame houses

Glued laminated timber is obtained by gluing in special hydraulic presses several lamellas
from pre-sawn timber logs conifers which are most suitable for the production of this material. Synthetic glue is used as a fastening composition. As a result, structures with a mass positive qualities. Such a beam can withstand heavy loads, is stable
to humid environment protected from fungal growth
and mildew. Unfortunately, undeniable advantages glued beams are reduced to zero if the material is made
from low-quality raw materials or in violation of technology. Even a small discrepancy in any of the stages of production affects the quality finished material, visually
not always explicit. Defective glued beams under load can simply stick out over time.

Bearing building structures using 3D frame technology are assembled from solid wood premium dried in special chambers. Kiln-dried planed lumber has a smooth flat surface and in terms of strength
not inferior to glued laminated timber. Dry lumber is very environmentally friendly, absolutely does not absorb moisture, is durable, retains its geometry under any load and in it
mold does not form. Planed lumber is completely free of any adhesives and other chemical compositions, so its environmental friendliness is indisputable.

In contrast to the timber frame house walls have a multilayer structure. Technology construct
3D wireframe consists of a triple offset wireframe
with jumpers forming cells. A slab basalt insulation is cross-inserted into these cells, covering all wooden elements triple frame. This method laying thermal insulation makes suburban housing the most energy efficient and fireproof. Outside, the walls are sheathed with a special membrane
and board material that protect structures
from external influences.

Design Features
both types of houses

Construction of any country house always starts
from design. Construction of houses from glued beams
and the frame is no exception. The first and most important stage before construction is the creation of an architectural project, in which the interior and exterior of the future housing are carefully thought out.

Style decisions of frame houses and timber are somewhat different. Glued laminated timber is a wooden texture
with cuts at the intersections of internal walls
with external ones. "Chalets" in this form look great.
But in other styles, for example, "high-tech" or "techno" is essentially without alternatives. To achieve diversity in the decoration of a timber house is possible only by combining different colors.
and shades. The tree suggests naturalness
and naturalness, and this somewhat limits the imagination of designers when creating a harmonious house from a bar.

But architectural possibilities and finishing materials used in frame construction, glued beam houses can only envy. In various finishes, frame buildings are almost impossible to distinguish from stone or wooden cottages.

Therefore, if you choose from the point of view of architecture, which option is better: frame or from a bar, then the answer is obvious. Buildings made of wood are certainly beautiful and have a certain charm, but choosing them stylistic decisions very limited. Frame houses, thanks to an extensive range of facing materials, provide a wide scope for experimentation. Such a dwelling can be built in any of the known architectural styles.

Technology and terms of construction of houses
from a bar and with a load-bearing wooden frame

The stages of construction of frame houses and from a bar, like all other buildings, are inherently very similar. The main difference between the projects under consideration lies in the technology of assembling wall structures.

Timber houses

Houses from glued beams are built according to the principle of the designer. Each element with the desired number is stacked on top of each other and fitted into the grooves. There are spikes and ridges in the lower and upper parts of the timber. This design feature allows you to assemble the beams into a log house according to the "thorn-groove" principle, when the spikes of the upper beam fit tightly into the grooves of the lower one, forming a reliable connection. Additionally, the bars are fastened together with wooden dowels or metal studs.

frame houses

The technology for building a 3D frame house is somewhat different. First, a triple wooden frame is erected, then three-layer insulation building outline
and protective membranes are mounted. After that, wall structures on both sides are sewn up with slab or finishing material.

The construction of the considered houses is possible at any time of the year. The timing of the construction of the frame and timber is somewhat different. For example, the “box” of a house, together with a reinforced concrete foundation in a 3D frame, is built in just 1-2 months,
and from glued laminated timber, taking into account washed down in production
3-4 months.

Laying communications in terms of time and cost of work
in frame and timber houses is also fundamentally different. Mounting electrical cables inside timber walls is a rather difficult task. To do this, it is necessary to drill channels, and then lay
pipes in them, taking into account the future shrinkage of the structure. The whole process can take more than 2 months and is not cheap. In a house using 3D frame technology, all hidden communications are included in the basic package and, unlike a house made of timber, are easily laid in a special air gap inside the walls.

Anyone country cottage need finishing.
Let's try to understand the steps finishing works lumber and frame houses.

During production, glued laminated timber is covered with a transport septic tank, the ends are treated with special wax,
but such treatment is only temporary protection.

A full-fledged decoration of the walls of a house made of timber is a serious job that consists of several stages:

• grinding the surface of the wall beam;
• protection special formulations;
• removal of wax from end surfaces;
• grinding and protection of end surfaces;
• intermediate and finishing coating (produced only at positive temperatures).

It should also be taken into account that objects made of glued wood still need to be caring care. In order to prevent rapid aging of the material and changes in its color, the facade must be regularly treated with special impregnations.
(ideally every spring), and, in addition, sand and paint the exterior walls every 5-7 years.

Frame houses, like log houses, also need finishing. This can be done at the construction stage. For example, houses using 3D frame technology, due to the increased strength of wall structures, do not need outside
in slab sheathing material. Instead of OSB-3, external walls can immediately be sheathed with any finishing panels or imitation of a bar. Facades of a frame house
do not require constant care (except for timber imitation)
and can be made in any style solutions.

As you can see, both technologies for building houses are
to the fast-moving ones. Taking into account all stages of construction,
from the foundation to the installation of communications and decoration, the delivery of a log house for use by the owners occurs in about 7-10 months. Ready stage at home
3D frame technology from the beginning construction works allows you to get country housing "turnkey" in 4-5 months.

Energy efficiency of frame
and timber houses

The main task when choosing a technology for building a house for year-round use is not only strength and durability, but also the ability of the building to maintain the most comfortable microclimate at minimal cost.

Specialists of the specialized department of the Faculty of Civil Engineering of St. Petersburg State University conducted a study of thermal properties building structures. The task was to determine what is warmer: a 3D frame or timber house. The assessment of the energy efficiency of buildings was carried out in accordance with the new requirements of SNiP 23-02-2003 " Thermal protection buildings." For Moscow and the Moscow region, the standard for heat transfer resistance is on average equal to
3.1 m2×⁰C/W.

To determine the thermal conductivity of glued beams, a wall of the mentioned material with a thickness of 200 mm was studied. The actual heat transfer resistance was 2.05 m2×⁰C/W. The heat loss indicator clearly does not reach the standards set by SNiP.

Taking into account the obtained values ​​and fulfilling the requirements of the new SNiP, the thickness of the walls in houses made of glued laminated timber for permanent residence should be at least 400 mm.
AT in practical terms build country houses
with such a thick wall is impossible.

Thus, a wall made of glued laminated timber with a thickness of 200 mm
in pure form cannot be used for the construction of permanent residences. Raised standards force production additional insulation timber houses.

At the same time, the thermal conductivity index for a wall built using the 3D frame technology is at the level of 5.07 m2×⁰C/W, which is 2.5 times higher than that of glued beams.

Such a high energy efficiency of the frame house is achieved due to the three-layer structure of the insulation of the enclosing structures, due to which outer walls"cold bridges" are completely eliminated.
Three layers of thermal insulation are offset relative to each other
and cover all elements wooden frame. In addition, from the outside of the building, the joints of the floors are closed with an additional layer of insulation, therefore
there are no through freezing over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe walls.

Buildings based on 3D frame technology are classified as "energy-passive". During operation, the premises can be heated by any type of energy carrier, even electricity, and at the same time save significantly. Buildings retain internal heat for a long time, therefore
their residents are absolutely not afraid of long emergency shutdowns of power systems.

As can be seen from the results of the above studies comparing frame and timber houses,
The 3D wireframe has much best performance thermal conductivity, since the three-layer wall provides the house with unsurpassed thermal protection.

Strength characteristics, indicators
durability and reliability of buildings

Glued laminated timber is durable building material. Elements made by gluing lamellas,
not subject to deformation processes. The properties of the bearing beam structure under the influence of loads change little. Tight joining of the beams and obtaining a structure with minimal gaps generally increases the reliability of the building.

True, the walls of glued laminated timber are not protected by anything
from external influences. Change in temperature, humidity
and ultraviolet is not the most in the best way affect
on the durability of wooden structures. Therefore, after construction, in order to maintain a presentable appearance, wooden walls should be processed regularly.

Also, when building such a house, one should take into account
that even though the shrinkage of glued beams is much less than
profiled or logs, but it is still there. House
from glued beams, on average, sits 5 cm per floor. Because of this, cracks may appear in the walls, respectively, the operational parameters of wall structures are reduced.

The innovative 3D framework provides high resistance of the building to deformation processes. Reliability of a frame house made of chamber-drying timber
does not depend on the quality of gluing load-bearing structures. The durability of the structure is guaranteed by the natural strength of dried wood and technological features triple frame.

It is known that frame houses, unlike log houses,
in principle not subject to shrinkage. External walls
using 3D technology, the frame is built not from one, but from three frames rigidly fastened together. The arrangement of the load-bearing elements has a cross structure - two vertical ones and a horizontal frame between them. A single powerful wall structure 250 mm thick with strong vertical and horizontal ties is created. Thanks to this construction technique, the spatial rigidity of structures has been significantly increased. The triple walls of a frame house do not shrink and are absolutely
do not concede on durability to a glued bar.

Another important factor in the reliability of suburban housing is fire safety. wooden structure. Glued laminated timber is quite resistant to fire, as it is treated with all kinds of anti-foam impregnations during production. But if you do not take care and do not regularly cover the walls of the timber flame retardants, it will burn just as well as regular wood.

Here, the undoubted advantage over the timber has
3D frame house. The latter without any chemical impregnation structurally has the highest degree of fire resistance. All elements of the triple frame are covered with non-combustible basalt insulation (class NG). Wooden structures do not touch each other, so there is no possibility of fire spreading inside the walls. In terms of fire safety analogues of 3D frame among wooden houses today just
does not exist.

As far as durability is concerned, laminated wood, if properly processed and maintained, is likely to have a long service life. But the "dew point" is inside the material itself and gradually destroys the wood. AT Russian conditions Buildings made of glued laminated timber have been exploited relatively recently, so data on the behavior of this material after 30-50 years are not yet available. The quality and service life of the adhesive composition used is also of great importance here.

All wooden elements of the 3D frame house made of chamber-drying timber are located inside the wall structure and are reliably protected from external influences. In the outer contour of the building, direct freezing is completely excluded, therefore the “dew point” is located not inside the wall, but in the area of ​​​​the external ventilation gap. Any moisture immediately comes out, and the walls are always in a dry state. Thanks to 3D construction technology, the safety and durability of the wall materials of a frame house is many times greater than that of a log house.

Cost of construction and operation
frame and timber buildings

As mentioned above, houses using 3D frame technology and glued laminated timber are approximately in the same price category. But differences in the formation of the cost of the compared technologies still exist.

If we consider the average market prices for houses
from glued laminated timber, then initially you should decide
with the thickness of the material used, which is recommended by manufacturers when building a house for year-round use. The thickness of a standard wall glued beam is 200 mm. Sellers usually say that this size is enough.

So, the most common equipment for a log house:

• Reinforced concrete foundation.
• Wall set made of glued laminated timber 200 mm.
• Roof with 200 mm insulation.
• Windows, doors.

The cost of building from glued laminated timber
200 mm in this configuration varies from 32,000
up to 43,000 rubles. per m2 of the axial area of ​​the building. There are no floors and ceilings (only ceilings), no utilities.

And now consider the basic package "Premium House 3D Frame":

• Reinforced concrete foundation.
• Triple frame wall kit with 250 mm cross insulation.
• Roof with cross insulation 300 mm.
• Floors and ceilings with insulation and sound insulation 200 mm.
• Internal partitions with sound insulation.
• Windows, doors.
• Hidden engineering communications.

The cost of building a house using 3D frame technology varies from 26,000 to 37,000 rubles. per m2. Price depends
from the area of ​​the house (the larger the house, the cheaper m2)
and complexity of the project. In this configuration, housing is rented, completely ready for finishing.

As you can see, even with a more complete set, the price of a house using 3D frame technology made from the best European materials is about 15-20% lower than from glued beams.

When deciding the question “Which house is more profitable?”, Other costs should be taken into account. The maintenance of a frame house will cost the owners a much smaller amount than a timber one.

When operating a building made of timber, you will always have to pay a tidy sum for heating, and taking into account the annual rise in the cost of energy carriers, the maintenance of such a house, for example, for people of retirement age, can simply become unbearable. In addition, it is necessary to regularly treat the walls with special compounds, which is also quite expensive.

Taking into account these factors, the answer to the question "What is cheaper than a house made of timber or frame?" - the advantage is clearly in favor of the latter.

Conclusion

Summing up the results of the study of the question, “What is better a house made of glued laminated timber or frame?”, The answer becomes obvious.
In terms of the combination of technical and economic indicators, construction time and energy efficiency, 3D technology clearly outperforms a competitor made of timber.

Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of building a house with a 3D frame and a house from a bar, we can state the following:

The houses described in the article using the patented 3D frame technology have an exceptionally high mechanical strength, energy efficiency and fire safety. The construction and maintenance of such buildings will be much cheaper and this is another plus in their favor.

The final decision in any case remains with the customer of the construction, and yet, you should take a closer look
to an innovative technology for the construction of housing with three-layer walls.

Or a house made of timber - which is better for different options residence, as well as when used as a country or country house.

And also consider other situations when you are not only building a house for permanent residence, but also want to be there only on short trips, on holidays or vacations.

Frame or timber houses for permanent residence

To begin with, consider the situation when you are building housing for permanent residence in it. What is better, a frame house or a house made of timber, in such a situation? Let's try to give an answer, although it is not easy.

So, when you permanently reside in a house in winter period, you maintain the temperature in all indoor areas. It is not very important for you how quickly the walls and the air in the interior warm up, because your heat generator (boiler or stove) is constantly running.

And with permanent residence, it doesn’t matter at all whether you have a frame house or a house made of timber. What is better to discuss in this option is whether you have a heat-capacitive battery inside the building - liquid or solid.

Such a heat accumulator can be a carrier internal Brick wall, a massive brick oven, or even part of a concrete foundation located in a heated area.

Then, in the event of a power outage or in the event of a breakdown \ stop of the boiler, you will have time to make a decision. After all, what is frame, what is timber, these structures are actually devoid of thermal inertia.

Frame and timber country houses

Now consider which is better, a house made of timber or a frame house that you use as a country house.

When do we live in the country? In the summer, in the off-season, as well as during the winter holidays. Occasionally it is possible to come in the winter for the weekend.

The easier it is to warm up in this case the air in the interior, the faster it can be warmed by a stove or radiators, the better.

In this plan frame building would be preferable to timber. Why, because the frozen timber will hold a negative temperature longer than the insulation in the frame.

And of course in country house there shouldn't be any heat storage if you only use it for short rides.

However, if you come to the dacha for at least 3-4 days or for a week, then of course a heat-intensive stove or a brick shield can be useful for the constant heating of the heat generator.

In terms of ecology

Now let's talk a little about ecology. Let's look at a house made of timber or a frame house. What is better to choose if you care about the environmental friendliness of your home?

Undoubtedly, a timber building will be more environmentally friendly than a frame one, which, in addition to basalt wool or polystyrene foam, also contains polymer films in the wall insulation pie.

If, when assembling a timber building, you used only natural materials, then your housing will be a model in terms of cleanliness from all sorts of “gifts of civilization”.

In terms of energy saving

Now let's look at this question from a different angle. What is better, a frame house or a house made of timber, in terms of energy saving?

The answer to this question is unambiguous and obvious - a frame building with a heater thickness of 150 mm already fits into all the standards of modern SNiP.

And a timber building will still have to be insulated with at least 100 mm of wool or polystyrene to get to these values.

Obviously, after insulation with basalt wool or expanded polystyrene, we can no longer talk about exceptional environmental friendliness natural wood.

Budget and construction speed

Both of these construction methods allow you to build buildings at any time of the year, in winter or in summer.

From the point of view of the speed of construction, lumber houses slightly outperform frame houses. But on the other hand, then you will have to wait another season for the timber to settle, and you could continue further work– installation of door and window blocks and so on.

Only glued timber is an exception to this rule. When using glued laminated timber, you have the opportunity not to wait for the season to shrink, but to continue work a week after the box is assembled.

Frame structures are devoid of such shortcomings. You can continue all work immediately after the construction of the frame.

As for the budget, it is definitely impossible to say what will cost you less - a house made of timber or a frame house. What is better in each specific situation depends on the requests of the future owner, who dictates the terms to the contractors when performing all the work.

For example, a timber building with an area of ​​60 sq.m. you can build for 500 thousand rubles. A frame building for permanent residence of the same area will cost you 400 thousand rubles.

Or maybe it's the other way around. Calculate the approximate costs for each type of construction in your area and invite contractors to calculate the estimate for your project. Only in this way will you be able to find out the exact cost of construction for both options.

Wood is the most eco-friendly material for the construction of private houses than, for example, concrete. Fortunately, this resource is plentiful in our country, therefore, frame and timber structures, which are manufactured using new technologies, thereby reducing the forces and overall construction costs, are available to many of our citizens. In connection with the newly revived tradition of building wooden housing, the majority have a question, which house is better frame or timber.

This topic is raised correctly, since both types of buildings have their advantages and disadvantages. It would seem that both options are made of lumber, but if you delve into all the nuances, then the difference between such buildings is significant.

Therefore, before creating a project, if a dilemma arises, which is better to build a house, you first need to study all the available aspects in favor of one type or another. This will make the choice easier.

All existing types houses differ in the following parameters:

1. Strength.
2. Price.
3. Difficulty/ease of construction.
4. Architectural and design parameters.
5. Environmental friendliness.

So, if the developer has chosen a material such as wood, in order to decide which house is better - from a bar or frame, we will consider each item separately. After all, only by owning complete information a person is able to make the right choice.

Strength qualities of frame and timber houses

If you start from this parameter when the question arises, what is better than a frame house or from a bar, then you can give an unambiguous answer: the first option is inferior to the second. The thing is that, as many years of experience have shown, frame structures designed to operate for approximately 25 years.

After this time, it is imperative to change the bearing racks for such structures, since they are usually made of simple timber, on which, no matter how it is processed during the construction process, natural phenomena in any case have their negative impact.

The service life is about 50 years. But when building such houses, there is one nuance that needs to be taken into account. The thing is that before the advent of glued beams, profiled material was mainly used, which did not undergo special processing on high-tech equipment in the factory.

Therefore, timber structures were more susceptible to negative influence external environment. Especially it concerns . Now, with the advent of laminated timber, houses built from this type of timber can supposedly last more than 80 years. True, exact data is not yet available, since glued wood is considered a relatively new building material.

Comparison of the cost of frame and timber houses

When the question arises, what is better than a log house or a frame house, almost every developer is primarily concerned with the economic aspect. The total cost of housing is one of the most important criteria which guides every future home owner.

There is an opinion among the people that frame version it is much cheaper than a timber structure, but most are mistaken. In fact, if you delve deeper, then the price for both types of houses is almost the same. Let's take a closer look at why this is the result.

Frame house pricing

The final cost of frame structures will directly depend on the chosen material from which such structural elements are constructed, such as vertical racks, horizontal strapping and so on. It could be like ordinary timber, the price of which is not so high, and the metal profile.

Note! When using metal to create a frame, the cost of housing immediately increases by about 20-30%.

In addition, the generally accepted instruction for the construction of frame housing requires the laying of insulation and a wind and waterproofing layer, lining the frame with euro-lining, siding, polystyrene foam or wood-fiber panels. Also, for these buildings, external and external fine finish walls.

As you know, this will require materials that cost a lot of money, so the price for building frame houses in the end is not at all budgetary.

There are many nuances in the technology of building frame buildings, which, in order for the house to turn out to be reliable, warm and durable, must be observed. Since this requires certain knowledge, not everyone will be able to build a high-quality frame structure with their own hands.

In this regard, the construction of such houses should be trusted only to specialists, and since the whole procedure takes place, as it were, in one go, the future homeowner should immediately have the necessary amount with him. In some cases, this significantly complicates the task for a person, because many people usually rely on gradual costs when building a house.

Note! In a frame-panel building, the price of one square meter largely determined by the choice of insulation and material for sheathing. So, using SIP panels, such houses are built faster and their cost is much lower than, for example, using OSB boards.

Timber house pricing

If the question arose of which glued laminated timber or frame is cheaper, then there are the following important factors in favor of the first option:

1. During construction, all funds are mainly spent on the purchase of glued beams. Despite the fact that its cost is considered high, however, this is fully compensated by the absence of the need to produce wall cladding in such housing.
2. In addition, glued wood, which is manufactured using the latest technologies, on the contrary, is not recommended by experts to be finished with anything, since the timber has a natural beauty at the exit, which gives the house a natural style. Consequently, the owner of future housing does not need to spend the budget on the purchase finishing materials, and this will significantly affect the final cost of timber housing.
3. Since glued timber is produced with a tongue-and-groove system, thanks to which all structural elements are very tightly connected to each other, there is no need to install hydro and heat-insulating layers in houses made of this material. It also significantly saves costs.

Thus, if we compare the costs of material for sheathing, thermal insulation and finishing of a frame house, for which, by the way, you will have to hire specialists and, therefore, pay them for their work, it turns out that log housing can end up being even cheaper. Especially if you collect it with your own hands.

lumber volume calculator

A simple calculator looks like this:

Comparison of the degree of labor intensity in the construction of frame and timber houses

As mentioned above, the device of frame-panel walls resembles a kind of “pie”, consisting of the following elements:

• inner lining;
• frame;
• vapor barrier;
• thermal insulation;
• wind and waterproofing;
• outer cladding.

In turn, structures made of glued wood have a not so complicated device: their walls practically consist of one beam (not counting fasteners). In addition, this material is manufactured according to design data and it remains only to assemble it as a designer. Also now there are innovative ways to assemble timber houses, which greatly simplify and speed up the entire construction process.

In this regard, the construction of frame structures is considered more laborious and complex process than the construction of housing from a bar. By the way, if the question is being decided which bath is better from a bar or a frame one, then the choice should be made based on the criteria listed above and below. In other words, all aspects concern not only structures intended for housing.

Comparative characteristics of the architectural and design parameters of timber and frame structures

If we are talking about the construction of housing on a complex project, then the frame version is the leader in comparison with the timber version, since the technology of this construction itself contributes to the creation of unusual and complex configurations.

From the bar, the structures are simpler, but, nevertheless, they are not inferior in beauty to the frame, as they look more airy and natural. If the owner of the future home starts from this criterion, then the choice will already be individual, since everyone has different tastes.

Comparison of frame and timber structures in terms of environmental and other parameters

When choosing a type of housing, its safe parameters are important for any person. Unfortunately, often the concept modern materials”, which, by the way, get off frame-panel buildings, do not meet the necessary environmental standards, so the timber clearly wins in this paragraph.

Timber structures keep heat indoors better than frame structures, in which heat transfer is higher. Accordingly, in order to warm panel house, more costs will be required.

In addition, houses made of glued laminated timber have a small specific gravity and, consequently, the percentage of their shrinkage is very small. Due to this, such housing can be occupied immediately after its construction.

Conclusion

Building a house is one of major events in human life, therefore, the choice of its type should be approached with all care. Judging by everything, it turns out that log houses are more reliable, more beautiful and more comfortable.

The video in this article will help you finally make a choice between a timber and a frame house.

As soon as the question concerns the construction of a wooden house, the developer can easily be faced with a choice - to use a bar or a frame?

To answer this question, and show all the pros and cons of materials and types of construction, a comprehensive analysis can be carried out, which will consist of:

• Qualitative differences between timber and frame houses.
• Simplicity of installation and assembly of the structure.
• Material cost.

Beam or frame

Given that some parameters of the analysis are defined, we can make a first digression and talk about environmental friendliness. This is a very important point that modern developers will pay a lot of attention to.

On the one hand, both options use wood as their basis, but if it is natural wood without impurities, then plywood, chipboard panels are used in the frame version, and this is already a hint at the presence of various chemical compounds, some of which are dangerous for person.

In the matter of environmental friendliness, preference can be given to timber!

Warm house

The next point is an indicator of home comfort, its heat saving. And to the question of which house is warmer frame or timber, you can give an unambiguous answer - timber.

Very interesting observations can be made here. On the one hand, the frame version of the structure in terms of thermal conductivity is in no way inferior to the timber.

On the other hand, a frame house is not able to adequately retain this heat, accumulate it, so to speak, therefore, after the building is heated, it cools down rather quickly if a constant temperature is not maintained in the heating system.

A house made of timber, on the contrary, ideally warms up and is able to accumulate heat, thus, when it cools down, it remains long time warm. This is not only about comfort, but also about economical energy consumption.

Another point that can play a role in choosing which timber or frame house to build is ventilation. The fact is that during frame construction it is necessary to pay great attention to the ventilation system. This is due to the fact that the elements of the frame house undergo a preliminary "factory" drying, and practically do not let air through.

While timber, wood, has the ability to freely "breathe" by passing air through the pores. This immediately affects the atmosphere inside the premises. The air here is always clean and fresh.

Construction

The next point of the analysis will imply a comparison of materials and houses in terms of construction work, and these are:

• Speed ​​. Each material has an approximate speed with which a house can be built.
• Ease of operation. Mounting can be seen as an element independent work, which ultimately affects the estimate.
• Time from start of construction to commissioning. In this case, we are talking about the time it takes to shrink houses.

Construction speed. Here, in a kind of competition, who will be erected faster, a beam or a frame, without options, the frame type wins.

A frame house is built very quickly, dried wood is used in the work, and after construction, you can immediately move in. The house is ready for use.

A house made of timber, of course, is being built a little longer in time, due to the following points:

• There is a need for a more massive foundation. If we are talking about concrete work, then this is at least 5-7 days.
• The laying of the timber is carried out by single elements, if the house constructor is not used.
• The installation itself requires more precise execution, attention and time.

Important! You can move into a house from a bar almost immediately after construction, but the building will still have to be finished in a few months. It takes time for the house to shrink.

It should be noted that the instruction for involves two options, these are:

• Profiled material, in which the grooves are made, and laying it is quite easy.
• , which is cheaper, but also requires a more laborious installation and finishing process, plus additional thermal insulation.

Important! It should also be noted here that a house made of unplaned material will have to stand for at least a year, and all this time it will shrink, and a structure made of profiled timber will require 2 times less time to shrink.

Reliability

Most developers are absolutely sure that it is the timber version of the structure that is characterized by increased reliability and durability, and the following differences can be noted here:

• A frame house is several layers of thin finishes, between which there is a heater. Functionally, such a structure cannot boast of strength. The walls are easily opened and destroyed.
• A lumber wall is wood, which in itself is a fairly strong material, and a lumber of 150 mm, for example, is already a serious obstacle.

From the point of view of reliability, the answer to the question of what is better is a frame house or from a bar, with a clear advantage, the bar option wins.

Important! The lifespan of houses is completely different. frame building able to be in operation for no more than 20 years, after which a complete reconstruction of the entire structure will be required, with the replacement of all support pillars.

architectural nuances

In the event that the project of the house involves a rather complex facade, on which there will be many complex geometric shapes, then preference is given to the frame type. In addition, the frame allows you to implement projects of structures of irregular geometric shapes.

For example, houses that are not rectangular or square, build using frame technology much easier. The frame allows you to recreate even the most complex projects.

On the other hand, timber allows you to recreate the same complex geometric shapes. Modern technologies laying, factory elements, will allow you to build complex projects, although this will take much more time. But when all the work is completed, it turns out a beautiful and unusual and reliable house.

As for the internal layout of houses, it is quite difficult to compare here, you can lay the timber with your own hands as indicated in the project, or add certain nuances from yourself. Both in a frame and in a timber house interior layout totally up to the builder.

From the point of view of speed, the frame also wins here, however, if it is decided to build everything from timber, and even more so from profiled wood, then internal partitions and layout do not cause any difficulties at all.

The only but significant advantage in this case is the structure of natural wood. If, for example, a beam is polished and then varnished, then the texture of the wood will look much more beautiful than the finish. frame type, albeit with wood-like panels.

There are some nuances regarding the time of construction, or rather the time of year. If the frame version can be erected at any time, at a temperature and weather conditions suitable for work, then the beam is still best used in the cold season.

This is due to the fact that the house calmly goes through the first stage of shrinkage, its walls are not exposed to direct sunlight, which prevents the wood from cracking.

Price

To answer the question of what is cheaper than a frame or timber, it is necessary to consider the options through the prism of a completely identical project. And in this case, it turns out that the timber option can be economically more profitable. It is worth emphasizing, however, that the conversation is only about the cost of materials.

The cost of a log house consists of the price of wood, and the cost of a frame house of the following materials:

• Wood.
• Decoration Materials.
• Waterproofing.
• Thermal insulation.
• Facade works.

In the end, it turns out that the box of a frame house is not at all cheaper, but even more expensive than that of a timber type. The price in this case may not completely affect the choice of the type of construction, but it plays a significant role.