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Electrical wiring in timber houses. Engineering communications in glued laminated timber houses

Electrical wiring in a wooden house is different from that which is carried out in country houses constructed from other materials. In order to properly install it, it is necessary to take into account the features that are due to the properties of wood and technological developments. Properly done wiring is the key to safety wooden house. The power supply of a house made of timber must comply with the requirements of SNiP 31-106-2002 in terms of the "Electrical Installation Rules" (PUE), as well as the State Standard for electrical installations and equipment of residual current devices (RCD). A special requirement is for electrical wiring in timber houses and devices for metering the use of electricity.

All work on the installation of electrical wiring must comply with the electrical project created at the design stage of the house from glued laminated timber. When creating a project, an engineer must take into account a lot of details - the material from which the house is made (in our case it is wood), loads, quantity necessary equipment, lines and more. The most important step is the calculation of the power supply in the house.

AT wooden houses three types of wiring are used: hidden, open and combined. Open wiring has the easiest installation method. Concealed wiring is, according to experts, the safest in brick and concrete houses, but its installation in wooden houses has its own difficulties. Combined view electrical wiring, from the point of view of implementation, is mounted much more difficult and is used extremely rarely.

exposed wiring

Open wiring is laid over the walls and ceilings, floors of the room.
With open wiring, the following methods of laying wires and cables are used:
- directly on the surface of walls, ceilings, etc.;
- on strings, cables, rollers, insulators;
- in pipes, boxes, flexible metal sleeves;
- on trays;
- in electrical skirting boards and platbands;
- free suspension, etc.

This is the simplest and most inexpensive way to make electrical wiring, and therefore more often implemented. In addition, it is he who is recommended by PPU. This type of wiring is carried out in boxes and corrugations made of non-combustible materials, with a cable in triple insulation. The disadvantage of outdoor wiring is its aesthetic properties. Although, with careful installation and selection of cable boxes, you can make open wiring almost indistinguishable or decorate with your own imagination or designer.

The advantages of open wiring include accessibility, if necessary, inspection or repair, as well as replacing the old one with a new one. Even a slight change is possible electrical circuit, for example, in the case of redevelopment or rearrangement of furniture in the house.

When installing open wiring in glued laminated timber houses, maximum attention should be paid to cable channels, since they are used to lay cables directly in electrical boxes and wooden houses. Cable ducts must be of very high quality, resistant to high temperatures, shocks, and must also be self-extinguishing. This is very important, because a cable fire inside a wooden wall can easily start a fire if cable channel has low resistance to high temperatures. It heats up intensively when the power grid operates at high power (powerful electrical appliances are used - kettles, boilers, vacuum cleaners, etc.)

The space in the cable trays must be at least 60% filled. But if you do not leave a certain free volume, the cable will not have time to cool, which can lead to overheating and even a fire, although the glued beam itself can withstand enough high temperatures. For this type of wiring, metal hoses or metal pipes. They must be grounded and installed so that the logs located in close proximity to them do not provoke even the slightest deformation. The fact is that deformations of pipes or sleeves can lead to damage to the cable insulation and to a short circuit, and this is a 100% guarantee of fire. Therefore, cable pipes are made with a slightly larger inner diameter in order to have a reserve of space for cables. However, shrinkage, which provokes pinching and squeezing of the cable, is quite rare in wooden houses. This happens more often in houses built from heavier materials.

It is possible to carry out electrical wiring not only in boxes and corrugations, but also to mount it on rollers, insulators or brackets.

The quality of the materials and equipment used during the installation of electrical wiring must be confirmed by certificates of conformity, and be in good condition.

Hidden electrical wiring in a house made of glued laminated timber is much more difficult. Hidden electrics in a house made of glued laminated timber are installed at the stage of building a house. This implies the development of a project in which the points of connection of electrical equipment will be clearly marked, since the possibility of "re-stretching" the wires in this form electrical wiring will not. To avoid mistakes, it is necessary to develop a design project indicating the location of sockets in the premises, the location of electrical appliances and the arrangement of furniture. In this case, the manufacturer takes into account the wiring diagram in the house and performs all the necessary work. This method of laying wires in a wooden house is laborious, and also more high price, however, it is also considered the most attractive, since it does not harm appearance structural elements of the building.

Mounting options concealed wiring

There are several basic options that are used for hidden laying of electrical cable. One of them is the laying of power lines in special boxes that are parallel to the baseboards. At the same time, a branching cable channel is used to supply current to sockets and switches. This installation is very convenient, but it only hides the volume of protruding parts, but cannot make them completely invisible.

To completely hide the wiring, more complex methods are used. When laying a line, first, specialists create a special groove that is drilled in a bar, according to architectural project. Then a metal tube is placed in this groove, which will be the storage for the wires. If it is necessary to connect to the switch, the pipe is bent, trying not to damage the wiring, and in addition to everything, a special niche is cut out, which will be needed for the metal socket.

Material for the tube that protects the wiring inside the structure

As for the metal for the tube, the best option would be to use copper. This material allows the pipe to adapt to possible deformations in the structure, eliminating the possibility of damage to the wires. At the same time, you should pay your attention to the fact that in no case should the wiring be placed in plastic or other non-metallic sheaths. Being inside a glulam house wall structure, it can be damaged by deformation, which may lead to the need for major repairs.

There is also a more compelling reason: short circuit may be accompanied by electric arc, which will lead to an inevitable fire, despite the fact that the glued laminated timber will be covered with special substances. The reason for the closure can be:

Disadvantages in cable quality;

- Rodents, which often appear in the construction of the walls of houses made of glued laminated timber (the problem is solved by the use of plaster when installing electrical wiring or metal tube in which the wire is placed, as described earlier);

- Mechanical damage (for example, in the case of self-repair);

- Electrical overload.

Hidden installation of electrical wiring requires special knowledge and experience, so we advise you to turn to professionals.

The disadvantage of such electrical wiring in wooden houses is the inability to subsequently change the location of the sockets (it can only be open way), therefore, the places for placing devices and their number must be thought out in advance.

OUTDOOR WIRING

The first stage of work is laying the power cable from the power line support to the switchboard of the house. There are two ways - air and underground. Air entry is considered easier, faster and more economical. Among the disadvantages are a violation of the aesthetic appearance of the facade, a shorter service life, the possibility of damage by trees and shrubs. For the installation of an overhead power line, a self-supporting insulated wire different section and with different number of cores, special cable clamps, fixing anchors. The cable is selected based on the total load on the power grid. For a single-phase input, a SIP 2 × 16 wire is used, for a three-phase input, a SIP 4 × 16 wire is used. If the total load exceeds 8A, use SIP 2 × 25 and SIP 4 × 25 wires. The underground method of arranging a power line is more reliable compared to by air while being more labor intensive and expensive. The depth of laying the cable in the trench is determined by the power, but, according to the regulations, it should be at least 80 cm. The armored cable of the VBBSHV brand is laid on a sand cushion, and is also covered with sand from above. Approximately in the middle of the depth of the trench is a signal tape with the inscription "do not dig, cable." Then the trench is filled completely.

INTERNAL WIRING

Through the input cable, electricity is supplied to the switchboard. In houses made of timber, as a rule, shields are used. open installation. Need to choose reliable equipment from renowned companies such as ABB, Moeller, Shneider Electric. It is mandatory to install protective elements in the switchboard: circuit breakers, differential circuit breakers, residual current devices, grounding bars, etc.

WIRING METHODS

OPEN METHOD (SUB)

Open wiring is laid on the surface of the walls. This method, in addition to simplicity and economy, is also considered safer, PPU is recommended. Installation of overhead wiring is carried out in boxes (cable channels) made of non-combustible PVC, in a corrugated or metal hose, as well as simply an open cable in triple insulation.

INSTALLATION OF ELECTRICAL WIRING IN CABLE CHANNELS

When installing wiring in cable channels, good conditions cooling of wires, free access during repair and creation of additional branches. A common disadvantage of the open mounting method is its lack of aesthetics. However, with careful execution and under the borecable channels in the color of the walls, you can make the wiring almost invisible. Manufacturers offer a wide range of colors for boxes, from plain to structured, wood-like. Cable channels are attached to the wall with self-tapping screws. The cover of the box can always be easily removed to add additional cable. The peculiarity of laying wiring in cable channels in timber houses is that it is recommended to start installation only after the wood has completely dried. Otherwise, there may be gaps between the cable channel and decorative trim. Soldering connections are made in junction boxes or inside sockets and switches. In the passages of cables through walls and ceilings, metal sleeves are installed.

INSTALLATION OF ELECTRICAL WIRING IN THE CORRUGATION

When choosing this method of wiring, the cable is passed through a corrugated pipe, which is attached to the wall with special clips. This type of wiring is mainly used in utility rooms. The disadvantages include both insufficient aesthetics and poor access to wires if replacement is necessary, in which the entire structure will have to be removed.

INSTALLATION OF ELECTRICAL WIRING WITH AN OPEN INSULATED CABLE

Mounting with an open cable is carried out using fasteners on special iron brackets. Also in recent times it has become popular to turn open wires into a room design element using retro cables (twisted wires) on insulators. A combined method of laying in cable channels with a retro cable is also possible. With this approach horizontal lines are laid in cable channels along the plinth of the floor, or near the ceiling. Ascents (descents) to switches, sockets are carried out using a twisted cable in a decorative braid. Soldering connections are made inside the housings of sockets and switches, or in color-coded junction boxes.

HIDDEN METHOD

Hidden wiring is considered to be laid inside the walls and ceilings of the house. This type of wiring is installed at the construction stage. The wires are laid in special steel or copper pipes. Under no circumstances should wiring be placed in plastic or other non-metallic sheaths. Hidden installation of electric lines in a wooden house is a much more time-consuming process, and, accordingly, more expensive. In terms of design, hidden wiring is more attractive. However, for wooden houses it is not recommended due to requirements fire safety.

Working with electricity requires special skills; installation of external and internal electrical wiring in a house made of timber should be carried out by professionals. Our article is intended solely to familiarize you with the features of the process of installing electrical networks in a wooden house, which will be useful to you when choosing cable laying options and monitoring the progress of work.

In the 61st edition of the "Build, do not rebuild" program, Andrey Kuryshev will share the secrets of laying engineering communications in a house made of glued laminated timber:

How to make electrical wiring in a house from glued laminated timber

How to install sockets in a house made of glued laminated timber

How and what to conduct heating in a house made of glued laminated timber

These tips are very useful, especially if you are building a house from glued laminated timber with your own hands.

Build, don't rebuild. Issue 61: A house made of glued beams. Part 4: Laying utilities.

A wooden house is more fire hazardous. It is more difficult to make hidden wiring. The same goes for plumbing and sewerage. Communications must be isolated from the walls of the house.

Electrical wiring in a house made of glued laminated timber .
Automatic machines for groups of wires. Sharp corners are not laid. This leads to high maintainability. old wire you can try to pull it out by tying a new one to it. Thus it is possible replace cable. A tag is attached to the corrugation. Copper wires.

In the ceiling you can see a plastic box. It is not connective. It's just that two wires come in one corrugation and in this place they diverge along two corrugations.

How to put sockets in glued laminated timber houses.
In houses made of glued laminated timber, a vertical channel is usually drilled (with a wood drill). Unfortunately, these channels do not always pass in the places where they should be according to the project. There are a lot of mixed channels in this house.

In this case, the channel was not found and the wire goes along the cutout of the doorway. Next, the lighting wires run higher along the rib, a route will be drilled and the wire will go through a small box. Maybe the box will be made of pine board. In no case no electrics are allowed, even if the cable is in the sleeve(plastic or metal) run into the roof, since it is insulated with polystyrene foam. The latter can melt and catch fire. The metal sleeve may become hot. The tree will not burn, of course, but it can melt. Therefore, all electrics on wooden walls.

for drill there is a special nozzle for drilling holes for sockets and switches. After it, the chisel is brought to the desired state.
The sockets are separated by a loop (according to a serial scheme). One wire is incoming, one goes to the loop. They are both in metal corrugation. Drilling is carried out both from the side of the floor and from the side of the socket at an angle.
Holes for wiring are always made in the timber in advance, so you have to drill only if there are errors.

Heating in a house made of glued beams. Freezing walls.
This house is not insulated in any way, therefore it is intended for living primarily in the warm season. But the heating system is still installed. Heating distribution with plastic pipes. Here applied classical system two-pipe heating that is hidden in the floors. These plastic pipes are fairly good thermal insulators. Therefore, they practically do not heat up even with a hot coolant. Wooden heated floors do not. When heated in plywood, wood and glue can dry out. Plus, the carpet will be spread out, so the warm floors will not give up their heat.

The wall of the timber itself is quite cold. She is especially strong creeps into the corners. Therefore it is recommended to have metal heating wiring: copper (if resources allow) or steel. Such a pipe encircles the whole house. It is being held under the battery, above the plinth. With the help of clamps, the copper pipe can be attached to the walls. Such a pipe will become more beautiful over time. The batteries are connected in series, so one pipe is needed. This is classical single pipe system horizontal. Part of the coolant enters through the radiator, and part passes through the bypass (jumper). You can’t put furniture, a bed against the street wall, because. this distance needs to be warmed up. copper pipe or steel would simultaneously warm up and serve as a conveyor for the coolant. It would be possible to connect radiators to it.

In this house, the issue is resolved differently. The sector of the usual Soviet convector is used. Some of the ribs are beaten to fit into the cut between the joists. The idea of the designers is a system: there will be holes in the floor or a metal grate will be installed. Thus, the air will be heated underground and come out. The street wall will be heated. In this place you can put a bed. Kuryshev does not like this option, because. underground is not the best way for air filtration. In the underground, sand, sawdust and even cigarette butts of workers, dust will appear over time. Air will enter, heat up and exit. Therefore, a convector box will be made so that the air enters, heats up and exits without passing through the underground.

The light in the windows of your home is the comfort and warmth of the hearth, the feeling that you are loved and expected. But poor-quality laying of electrical engineering networks is a source of great danger. According to firefighters, more than half of all fires occur precisely because of electrical wiring (short circuit, fire, etc.). And this is possible if the installation of this element in a wooden house was performed by non-professionals. Unfortunately, this can even lead to electric shock, even with normal use of the outlet. Therefore, the laying of electrical networks is a responsible task, which does not tolerate savings on materials and specialists.

You should know that electrical system in any room it is laid exclusively according to the "Electrical Installation Rules" (PUE). Only specialists or people with technical education are able to accurately and correctly understand the schemes and current regulations, select materials, and then carry out all the work in the required sequence. We will try to explain all the basic principles in an accessible and understandable way.

The current fire safety rules say that electrical wiring is hidden and open, and in terms of placement - external and internal. In addition, there are single-phase and two-phase electrical wiring, depending on the power transmission lines. Traditionally, houses use single-phase electrical wiring, so we will consider it.

Outdoor wiring

Outdoor wiring is a cable that runs through the air from the central power line (power line) directly to the house. What needs special attention here? Make sure that the piece of cable that will run along outer wall home to switchboard, was at a fairly safe height. After all, this area will be without protection. How to improve the security of this part of the cable? Here are some options:

1. Install the steel pipe. Cable installation in such a pipe is carried out according to fire safety. The pipe can be used if from the outer connection through the wall to the shield - no more than 3 m. If, on the way of the cable, there are corners, turns, etc., then it will be almost impossible to lay the pipe.
2. Install protection at the entrance. Outside the house on the wall you need to put a box with a two-pole machine. The box is designed so that moisture and dust do not penetrate into it. The machine will protect the electrical wiring from overload by turning off the electricity supply during surges. The entry point from the shield in this embodiment can be sufficiently removed. Convenient and practical. And yet, the cable itself, at the input to, must pass through the steel pipe.
3. Install the protection directly on the pole from which the voltage is supplied. This option should be implemented when connecting power lines. The electrical inspector will monitor the readings of the meter located outside the house, which is very convenient. A circuit breaker is installed directly on the power line on a pole. Only a professional electrician with appropriate access can perform this work, and it is paid additionally.

Internal wiring in a log house

Internal wiring is considered the entire electrical network that comes from the shield. The shield is installed exclusively by the company involved in the electrical service of your home. The shield is supplied with input from external wiring. Correct installation shield- a guarantee that there will be no power losses and possible claims of the energy company related to them, as well as there is no threat of fire and other troubles, that all safety standards are observed. Internal wiring performed from the shield can be of an open or hidden type. Each scheme has its own characteristics and scope. Below we will consider the characteristics of these wiring diagrams.

Open wiring in a house made of timber

What open wiring is, it is clear from its name right away: wires are laid from above along the walls of the house. Insulation options open wiring may be different, including:

double or triple insulation of wires with simple laying;
insulation of wires in corrugated pipes made of non-combustible material;
insulation of wires in cable channels.

Simple gasket

Simple electrical wiring is carried out using an insulated rigid cable in one wire. Usually he is isolated twice or thrice. As an example, consider VVG or NYM cables, which have non-combustible insulation. This option is optimal for a house made of timber. For fastening, special iron brackets are used that fasten the wires directly on top of the wall. If the wall has enough large area(over 7 m2), then you can lay the cable in pairs. If the insulation is made in a standard way, then it is necessary to improve it by placing a special gasket made of non-combustible material (metal tape, asbestos, etc.) under the cable. It should be noted that the width of the gasket should be such that it protrudes from under the cable on both sides by a centimeter. By the way, in old wooden houses you can see that ceramic rollers were used during open laying, in which the cable ran. Now this method of isolation is considered unreliable and is prohibited in operation.

It remains to be added that simple electrical wiring is the most economical way to lay an electrical cable. Sometimes this method is chosen when several cables are being laid at once.

Insulation using corrugated pipe

Open wiring can also be done using corrugated pipe. Such pipes act as a kind of container for the cable. The corrugated pipe protects the wooden structure from fire in case of problems with electrical wiring, and several wires are well placed in the pipe at once. Corrugated pipes are attached to the wall with special clips, and although this option is still not as aesthetic as we would like, it is still much better. For boiler rooms and other utility rooms this method very popular. The disadvantage of this option for laying electrical wiring is that in order to replace any section of the wiring, the entire pipe and cables will have to be dismantled.

Wiring using cable channels

Boxes, which are called cable channels, are installed directly on the walls, for which self-tapping screws are used. Such a cable channel is closed from above with a special cover, which is snapped into place with a lock. Mounting cable channels inside a house from a bar is quite simple, but certain knowledge and skills are required. In addition, it is recommended to think over the entire system so that it looks aesthetically, as a whole, and fits into

The advantages of cable channels are that:

you can easily dismantle any section of the network,
change area,
add sockets, switches, etc.

Cable channels are sold together with accessories, which will be discussed below. You need to do everything electrical work in a house made of timber only after the wood is completely dry. Otherwise, there will be gaps between the wall decoration and the cable channel. And although this option for laying electrical wiring is quite expensive, it is very aesthetic.

Hidden electrical wiring in a house made of timber

The device of hidden electrical wiring is carried out so that all wires must be stacked inside the walls, ceiling and floor, i.e. be invisible to the eye. This option, according to the rules of fire safety, is unacceptable for a house made of timber, as well as any wooden structure. However modern technologies, offer interesting solutions this problem.

For example, the wiring is laid in a steel pipe, which bends well and protects the wires. Steel pipes, craftsmen stack inside the building. But if the relevant regulatory authorities see such a decision, they can be fined for violating fire safety rules. And yet, often customers insist that the electrical wiring in a wooden house be exclusively hidden. But living in such a house is a very dangerous decision. Don't risk it, because today construction market offers many design options for open wiring so that everything looks aesthetically pleasing, stylish, beautiful and original, fits into the design of the rooms. By the way, one of these options is posted in this video clip:

Ways to design open wiring

On the market building materials there are many options for cable channels that can be used in a house from a bar. There are those that are identical to the pattern of natural wood and will not stand out on the wall. In addition, sockets and switches, corners for cable channels are also made under. And, of course, there are traditional whites, brown colors cable channels that can fit into overall design thinking it through in advance.

Another important element decor - plinth with cable channel. This is very convenient: a cable is laid under such a plinth, and the channel is closed from above with a special cover with a lock. In appearance, the plinth turns out to be almost identical to the usual one.

Hardware stores offer absolutely new cable- stranded copper conductors in a PVC insulator, which are placed in a decorative silk braid with non-combustible impregnation. The cable is attached to the wall, stepping back from the surface of about 1 cm, in ceramic barrels, semi-antique. Such wiring looks harmoniously in a house decorated in a retro style, where there is no additional cladding. wooden walls.

Wiring wire thickness	Copper wire		aluminum wire
		Power, kWt		power, kWt

Calculation and laying of electrical wiring

To calculate the required wire length and cable thickness, we use our wiring diagram. It is quite simple to perform such calculations, knowing the dimensions of the walls and some other parameters of the house. But the most important thing is to lay the wires in full accordance with existing rules for residential premises.

The voltage in a residential building can be 220 and 380 volts. Separating zero protective and zero working wires must go along the entire internal circuit. To correctly calculate the load, you need to use the following parameters:

5.5 kW - in a house where there is no electric stoves;
8.8 kW - in a house where electric stoves are installed.

If the house has living space over 60 m2, then the design load should be increased by 1 percent for each additional m2.
To calculate which wire section should be used, you need to know the power of electrical appliances connected to the network.

The calculation formula is as follows: P \u003d Rust x Ks, where Rust - general power of all used appliances, and Kc is the demand coefficient.

The cross section of the electrical wiring directly depends on this value.

The next step, after calculating the diameter of the wire, is the scheme for laying electrical wiring in all rooms of the house from a bar. And, of course, the locations of sockets and switches are indicated. Initially assembled internal circuit wiring, then sockets and switches are installed in the marked places. It should be noted that the rules for installing sockets in a wooden house are as follows:

on a non-flammable base;
only external way, on the wall;
screw fixing to the wall.

Only after internal wiring has been assembled, installed and carefully checked for correct installation, it can be connected to external wiring. We do not recommend doing the installation of electrical wiring in a wooden house with your own hands, without necessary knowledge and skills. Entrust this important and responsible stage to specialists.

After everything Electricity of the net stacked, a number of measurements and calculations should be performed, including:
conduct visual inspection all electrical equipment and electrical networks;
calculate grounding;
calculate the resistance of the insulating gasket;
calculate the resistance of the "zero-phase" circuit;
carry out measurements and tests of circuit breakers that are controlled by differential current (RCD);
check (load) circuit breakers;
measure the resistance of grounding devices.

Only experienced electricians can correctly perform all calculations, so it is better to invite a specialist to carry out all electrical work.

The internal power supply system of houses built from wooden beam, must meet fairly specific requirements defined by a number of normative documents. The main ones among them are SNiPs concerning the rules for the installation of electrical installations for general consumer purposes, State standards for electrical installations and their protective shutdown device.

All these documents regulate the electrical wiring in terms of the safety of its operation and the protection of the user from damage. electric shock, without explicitly standardizing the aesthetic component of the home power supply system, which is important in wooden residential buildings. Simply put, no document explicitly defines the mandatory nature of a particular type of wiring. And in houses made of wooden beams, the question of choosing the method of “scattering” the wires is very relevant.

Types of electrical wiring

Wiring can be one of three types:

Hidden;
Combined;
outdoor.

Technologically, the third option is the most simple in wooden houses - outdoor; however, it is he who is the most difficult and unsuccessful from the point of view of any interior designer. Indeed, in this case, all power and connecting wires are laid directly on the surface of walls and ceilings either in cable channels (plastic electrical boxes), or in an electrical corrugated hose, or in general in an open way on porcelain insulators or strips of asbestos sheet. One way or another, but the connecting wires and junction boxes are always in the most visible place, and it is almost impossible to disguise them - the entire interior design has to be “tied” to the power supply system.

However, from the point of view of fire safety, labor intensity, financial costs and ease of use, this method of wiring in log houses the most optimal. And it is with the external location of the wires that the in-house power supply system can be easily redone at any time in accordance with the changed layout of the room or interior design.

Obvious disadvantages of hidden wiring

Hidden wiring in wooden houses is ideal from the aesthetic side: only lighting devices (and even then not always), switches, regulators and sockets are visible. All wires are hidden under the surface of walls, ceilings and floors, junction boxes are usually absent at all ... however, it is very difficult to technically implement such an electrification of the entire room. This is due, first of all, to the technology of assembling houses from timber and the impossibility of avoiding shrinkage of the finished log house:

The coaxiality of pre-prepared through channels in individual wall plates is so disturbed over time that the wires embedded in them can simply break.
Shtroblenie (more precisely - milling) of wooden walls is acceptable only in the case of their large thickness and sheathing with finishing materials.
After shrinkage of the log house (which lasts for several years!) the milled channel can be severely deformed, which usually leads to a malfunction of the wiring.

Hidden wiring in timber houses is also not very conducive to fire safety, despite special impregnation and the use of self-extinguishing or even non-combustible materials to isolate the channels for electrical wiring from wood. Another disadvantage of flush mounting is the inability to change the location wiring accessories: all sockets and switches are installed at a once and for all chosen point on the wall surface.

The only case in which the device is acceptable in log houses concealed wiring- this is the sheathing of walls and ceilings in one way or another finishing material. In this case, all wires pulled into metal or plastic pipes (or corrugated pipes) are placed between the outer surface of the "black" wall and the inner one - the sheathing material.

compromise solution

Most often, in the construction of wooden houses, a combined wiring method is used - a compromise between hidden and outdoor types. In this case, the bulk of the wires pulled into the "corrugation" is laid under the floor. To sockets, usually located at a low height from floor covering, the supply line is brought down by any accessible way- along the plinth, a short piece of electrical box or through a diagonal hole in the wall. For switches that are usually located near doors, the wires are brought inside the door slope and through the through channel.

Dignity combined method installation of electrical wiring - maintaining sufficient in most cases the possibility of transferring sockets to other locations with almost complete invisibility of the installation elements. At right approach to the organization of "underground" placement, such wiring fully meets all the necessary standards and has an almost zero fire hazard.