Materials for processing wooden houses. Treatment of the walls of a wooden house to increase the service life
Any tree needs additional protection, as it is highly susceptible to the negative effects of moisture, temperature extremes, and direct sunlight. But it is important to provide protection from rodents, various insects, from mold and fungus, which literally destroy the structure of the material. How to process a wooden house so that it lasts as long as possible? Today this issue is being solved by using various impregnations and means. These are not only special antiseptics and fire retardants, but also paints and varnishes, waxes, which give the tree a decorative effect, ensuring its protection and durability.
Wood processing is necessary in order for the material to last as long as possible.
Processing allows:
- protect wood from water penetration;
- create a thin film on the surface that will protect against the harmful effects of moisture, but let air through;
- the material is not exposed to the damaging effects of ultraviolet rays;
- mold, fungi, etc. will no longer be able to cause any damage to the house;
- fire safety is taken to a new level, the tree does not ignite, does not contribute to the spread of flame;
- the appearance of the house becomes attractive.
Means for processing a wooden house
How to process a wooden house and how to do it? Everything is not so difficult. Wax products are used to increase durability, give the building a beautiful appearance. They must be applied in 2-3 layers, they are used only in liquid form.
Consumption is 1 liter per 12 m², subject to application in 1 layer.
After applying the oil, a shiny transparent surface is formed.
Natural oils are used for UV protection and are odorless. Apply in 2-3 layers, the interval is 12 hours, and complete drying is carried out in 24 hours. It dissolves with turpentine, the consumption is 1 liter per 10 m² of surface.
Resin-based Danish oil is used for outdoor use only. After application, a completely transparent coating is formed, which may initially have a slight odor. Oil is applied in 2 layers, the interval is 12 hours, the composition dries completely in 24 hours. Before work, there is a need to dilute the composition with turpentine. Consumption is 1 liter per 10 m².
The procedure for protecting a wooden surface is as follows:
- selection of the necessary means for work in accordance with all requirements;
- antiseptic treatment;
- flame retardant treatment;
- protection against ultraviolet, moisture;
- use of a primer or varnish;
- application of a special protective layer (wax).
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Antiseptics for wood
Antiseptics will protect wood from rotting and fungi
After construction, a wooden house outside and inside is most often covered with antiseptic preparations. Such work will be much better and better done in a factory, but it can be done with your own hands. Impregnations of this kind are made on a water basis, they provide the opportunity for the tree to “breathe”, there is no longer any unpleasant odor after drying.
To ensure the quality and effectiveness of the antiseptic, it is necessary to apply it in stages. To do this, the wood is first treated with special compounds to protect against mold in the amount of 2-3 layers, after which flame retardants and water-repellent solutions must be used. This allows you to provide reliable protection, which will be almost in no way inferior to that performed in the workshop.
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How to properly process wood?
How to process a wooden house outside? It is necessary to follow a certain procedure. The application process is similar for all products, but for antiseptics it requires more care. The process of protecting a wooden house using flame retardants and antiseptics is as follows:
Treating wood with flame retardants is necessary to make it resistant to fire.
- First you need to decide which substances will be used for work. Most often, these are antiseptics and fire retardants, which protect the material from decay and open flame. The compositions themselves must be applied with a brush or spray, the number of layers is 2-3. Work must begin with external processing, but the inside also requires protection. If you don’t want to get your hands dirty once again, you can order a tree that has already undergone appropriate processing in the factory, but an extra layer will never be superfluous.
- Fire retardants, which serve to protect wood from open flames, are applied in 2 layers after antiseptics. They impregnate the wood, after which they do not allow it to ignite even when in contact with an open fire, since evaporation cools the material and simultaneously forms a strong film that protects it. There are various flame retardants on the market today that are suitable for use in specific conditions. But it must be taken into account that the surface may be charred, but it will not ignite. Of course, with a very long contact, not only wood will catch fire, but fire retardants make it possible to start work on extinguishing the fire, preventing its spread.
- The third layer is applied with special protection against increased moisture, since the wooden house outside and inside must be reliably protected from water absorption. For this, water-repellent impregnations are used, which are applied to the entire surface, special attention is paid to the ends, since they have the ability to absorb water about 50 times more than the rest of the parts. The side parts of the log and timber are processed in just 2 layers, while the ends of the material are processed in 4-5 layers. Such a layer ensures that the wood dries quickly, moisture evaporates evenly and correctly, which helps to avoid deformations.
Wood is the first building material on earth. Huts and huts were built from it. It can be given any shape. But with all the advantages of the material, it is necessary to mention the disadvantages - instability to fire and decay. The main method of protection is impregnation for wood from moisture and decay.
Why does rot appear?
Before you go to the store and purchase wood treatment products, it is important to find out what contributes to rot. Among the most common causes - high humidity, lack of fresh air. In such a situation, spores of the fungus actively spread. A little time is enough, and the walls or floor beams will be “decorated” with white or gray spots, often with a velvety effect.
Other reasons also contribute to the appearance of mold and rotting on wood:
- the temperature indoors or outdoors changes drastically. Wood fibers are rapidly destroyed, cannot resist the development of fungal colonies;
- wooden surfaces and parts are continuously exposed to water: tap or rain;
- soil interaction. It concerns . The soil contains not only a sufficient volume of wood-boring bugs that can destroy the structure of the material in the shortest possible time, but also bacteria and microorganisms acting at the cellular level. With a sufficient level of humidity, rot and mold spread over the entire surface;
- sharp cold spells. Some types of wood without proper treatment absorb significant amounts of water. At sub-zero temperatures, moisture freezes and expands, cracks and rot appear.
What is the danger of rot?
The most obvious answer is that the structure of wood is destroyed in the shortest possible time, stratified, falling apart into pieces. Elements of the porch, fence, building will have to be changed. The consequence is moral discomfort, unfavorable indoor climate, additional costs for repair work.
The main reason forcing a person to fight mold and rot on wood is the spread of numerous respiratory diseases, including asthma. It is easier to eliminate putrefactive spots than to spend years on treatment later.
How to get rid of rot
The most effective way to solve a problem is to prevent it. It is better to take measures to ensure that rot does not appear than to fight it later. The main way to fight is to conduct annual checks and inspections of all wooden surfaces. This will help to identify infected places in a timely manner and eliminate them in a timely manner.
The main means of combating rot
The industry offers consumers several varieties of wood rot control products. When choosing one or another option, consider the main type of impact:
- to protect against rain, snow, moisture from the soil of arbors, pergolas, verandas and terraces, it is better to choose special paint and varnish compositions;
- vapor and waterproofing membranes and films will protect against the appearance of condensate and its destructive effects. The option is ideal for baths, bathrooms, rooms with constant high humidity;
- Excess moisture from any source will help to remove high-quality drying, but without artificial heating. It is important to emphasize that the effect will be very short-lived.
The only advantage is the minimum investment of money;
- a one percent solution of copper sulphate, if it does not completely eliminate rot spots, will slow down their development for several months. Processing will have to be done at least once a year.
Antiseptics and varnishes - the main means of combating rot
Antiseptics are suitable for use regardless of the cause of mold and mildew. Recommended for use both at the stage of construction and design, and during operation, when the fungus has already appeared, and they need to be preserved.
Lacquers and paints. Not only protect wooden products from the formation of mold, but also give an attractive appearance, emphasize the structure of the material. The disadvantage is the high price and long processing time, taking into account drying and the need to apply several layers.
The use of wood preservatives
If we give a comparative description of varnishes and antiseptics, then the use of the latter is more profitable financially. In addition, varnishes and paints do not eliminate existing stains, but only preserve them. Antiseptic compounds eliminate those that already exist and prevent the emergence of new ones.
How to choose processing aids
The antiseptic market is filled with products from both foreign and domestic manufacturers. The former are more expensive, but do not always guarantee quality. Which composition to choose, only the buyer decides, based on their own preferences, characteristics of the drug and financial capabilities.
In Russia, you should pay attention to Sarus products. It not only eliminates existing rot, but also prevents new colonies of the fungus from appearing. An important advantage is the low price.
If rot covers a significant part of the surface, you should pay attention to Neomid 500. The good power of the drug is “compensated” by the high price. Among the cheaper analogues with the same characteristics, Liga Bioshield stands out.
For the treatment of very rotten areas, water-based Senezh products are used, which penetrate deeply into the structure of the tree. They are recommended for both primary and secondary processing, and for work in damp, cool places, such as cellars. The only exception is that surfaces must not be painted with oil paint. When choosing a drug from a series, consider the specific task.
The drug Drevosan Profi will help prevent the development of putrefactive processes. Recommended for processing fences, window frames, small architectural forms. An additional advantage is the death of not only mold and rot, but also insects that destroy wood from the inside.
Do you want to save money by purchasing one product for both outdoor and indoor use? Spend money on the antiseptic "Bicidol-100". An important advantage is that the composition not only forms a protective film on the surface, but also penetrates the wood structure without changing it. During the entire period of operation, the tree will be under reliable protection from both water and fire. The disadvantage is that the color of the tree will change to green. If you want to avoid this, pay attention to the modification of the drug "Bicidol-500". Preservation of the original color is guaranteed.
A treatment agent should be chosen only after a thorough study of the technical characteristics, composition, principle of action and side effects. No less important is the method of application - with a brush, spray gun. Some formulations provide that the product must be completely dipped into the solution.
The duration of the drugs
The combination of constant humidity and high temperatures creates favorable conditions for the appearance and development of rot. A quality drug will delay this moment by 12 years or more. Antiseptics protect against both fungus and fire. The maximum validity period is no more than 7 years. For the treatment of buildings, design elements, fence posts, water-resistant compositions are intended. Then for 30 years or more you won't have to worry about repairs or replacements. Ideally, the composition of the drug includes components that protect against the appearance of cracks.
Don't buy random funds. Read the instructions from the manufacturer, consumer reviews. Careful selection is a guarantee of getting rid of mold and rot. Preliminary cleaning of existing stains of rot, dirt, paint or varnish will help to enhance the effect of any drug.
Do-it-yourself wood preservative (video)
Exterior processing of a wooden house is an important part of its construction. The properties of natural wood are such that the material has to be impregnated and coated with special protective compounds. This helps to extend the life of the building, increases the resistance of its external surfaces to the harmful effects of the environment.
Fig.1. To give a wooden house durability, it is necessary to protect the walls from external influences.
Typical loads on wood
Factors that can damage wooden structures include:
- Ultraviolet irradiation.
UV rays destroy wood lignin, the substance that holds cellulose fibers together. Therefore, the surface loses its smoothness and is easily contaminated. In addition, even with a short exposure to sunlight without protective treatment, the log house darkens. With longer insolation, the tree acquires an unattractive gray tint, as a result of which the house seems dilapidated. - Moisture exposure.
Without waterproofing, wood quickly absorbs water and swells. In dry weather, it gives it away, decreasing in volume. Such vibrations cause stresses in the structure of the material. As a result, cracks appear in it, including adhesive ones (at the joints of logs). Moisture is absorbed most intensively through the ends. - Mold, fungus.
High humidity contributes to the development of mold fungi, blue, rot. The first two types spoil only the appearance of wood surfaces. Putrefactive fungi destroy the structure of the tree. Gray mold is also dangerous for health, as it can cause severe allergic diseases. - Insect pests.
The activity of carpenter beetles greatly reduces the quality of the wooden structure. The main damage to timber is caused by the larvae of these insects, which gnaw on the surface layers of wood, making long passages inside.
Special impregnations and paints help prevent these problems and preserve the quality of wood for a long time.
Fig.2. Wooden houses, not treated with special means, are subject to corrosion processes, as well as the formation of fungus and beetle larvae.
Means for the protection of wood structures
Prevention of damage to the structure and surface of the tree is carried out immediately after the construction of the house. For this purpose, compositions of a specialized or complex action are used.
Such funds are divided into three large groups:
- Antiseptic impregnations and primers. Protect the house from the destructive action of moisture, mold, insects.
- Flame retardants. Flame retardants that increase the resistance of wood structures to the action of open fire.
- Combined funds. They provide comprehensive fire and biological protection of a wooden house.
As a rule, products based on organic solvents are used to treat walls from the outside. They are more difficult to wash out than water-soluble impregnations, therefore they act more effectively.
Wood is treated with antiseptics immediately after felling in order to preserve the material during transportation and storage. Such protection is valid for a short time, therefore, after construction, the wooden structures of the cottage are again covered with protective impregnations.
Fig.3. To reliably protect the house from fire and other destroyers, fire retardants and various wood impregnations are used.
A set of measures for the protective treatment of the house
To increase the life of the building, all its wooden parts are treated accordingly.
Antiseptic treatment of critical structures
The elements that are constantly in contact with atmospheric and soil moisture include pillars, piles, lower crowns, logs, subfloor plane, facades, gables. They are carefully coated with antiseptics with a fungicidal effect, which are intended for primary processing. Penetrating into the structure of the tree, these compounds prevent the development of fungal spores, bacteria, insect pests.
Protecting wood from fire
Wood can be treated with flame retardants at the stage of lumber production. To do this, the latter are immersed in a solution of a means that provides fire protection. Fire prevention can also be carried out after the construction of a cottage, dacha, bath. In this case, fire retardants are sprayed onto surfaces or applied with a roller or brush. Wooden surfaces are also treated with flame retardants inside. In this case, the fire protection period is increased.
Combined fire protection
Most protective impregnations have a complex effect. They not only prevent the ignition of wooden elements, but also provide an antiseptic effect. When processing rafters and wooden floors, 1 degree of fire protection is achieved. This means that the structures will resist combustion for the duration of the fire. For this purpose, the surfaces are coated with a flame retardant several times or a powerful impregnation is applied once.
End protection
The most intense evaporation and absorption of moisture occurs through the ends of the logs. As a result, these parts of the log house quickly rot and crack. Preventive measures that are taken at the production stage, as well as during the construction of a log house, help to avoid such a problem. To do this, the ends are covered with moisture-proof agents, which form a thin waterproofing film on their surface. It is permeable to air, effectively repels moisture, but does not interfere with evaporation processes. Waterproofing work is also carried out inside the house, in places where wood comes into contact with moisture.
Decorative processing
Immediately after the construction of a wooden house, its walls are covered inside and out with paints or tinted protective and decorative agents. They can be applied directly to the surface. Or spread over the primer on a similar basis. Finishing wood protects it from UV radiation and moisture, and also improves the aesthetic perception of the object.
When building from glued beams, Garden House uses Tikkurila matte covering paints for the exterior treatment of houses. They are acrylate coatings with oil, which decorate the facade and create additional protection for wood from harmful factors. These coloring agents adhere strongly to the surface and subsequently do not peel off. It will not be necessary to repaint the cottage in a year or two, since when using Tikkurila paints, you can forget about the cosmetic repairs of the facade for at least 7 years.
Properly processed from the outside, a wooden house will last for decades, while maintaining an attractive appearance, strength, and the quality of natural material.
In this article, we will tell you how to process a wooden frame to protect it from environmental influences.
How to cover garden furniture and terraces in a country house, how to give the surface the color you need and how much material you need to buy for finishing.
As well as about all materials for outdoor work.
Why treat a wooden house?
Wooden surfaces in the open air, be it a wooden facade, decking, pergola or pergola, are constantly exposed to the environment. Precipitation, UV radiation, wind, various fungi and microorganisms, constant fluctuations in humidity and ambient temperature can quickly render wood products and surfaces unusable.
For example, under the influence of sunlight, UV - radiation, the process of graying of wood occurs (one of the components of wood, lignin, is destroyed), it becomes rough and porous. In this state, the ability of wood to absorb moisture from the environment increases dramatically. When the temperature and humidity conditions change, wood changes its geometric dimensions both up (swelling) and down (shrinkage). As a result, both the appearance of the wooden surface and the structure as a whole deteriorate (pulling out fasteners from the board, etc.).
How to process a wooden house?
The processing of a wooden house consists in high-quality protection of wood - which is a necessary condition for maintaining an attractive appearance and a long service life of wooden surfaces in the open air.
In each case, check the stages and sequence of coating with our specialists - they may differ, since the type of wood and tasks are different for everyone!
1. Holzwachs Lasur wax coating
Based on urethane oils and natural wax, this coating penetrates deep into the wood and provides reliable protection against UV radiation, weathering and insect pests.
Holzwachs Lasur forms a matte, abrasion resistant film that looks natural and does not give the effect of an artificial varnish. The material has a mild solvent odor.
The coating is used as the first step before oil in creating an individual color, in painting a wooden house or other structures, whether it is a bathhouse or a utility building.
Has a transparent option and a row colors : is also possible tinting according to RAL catalog !
Buy wax coating you can category Waxes in the Online Store .
How to apply:
Wax coating is applied in 2 layers with an interval of at least 8 hours, complete drying in 24 hours.
Wax impregnation has the form of a liquid and is sold in the following standard containers: 0.75 ml., 5 l., 20 l.
2. Teak and tung oils
These are natural oils without chemical additives that impregnate the wood and protect it from UV radiation and weathering.
The oils form an almost imperceptible natural film that does not change the color of the wood. The material is odorless.
How to apply:
Teak oil is applied in 2-3 layers with an interval of at least 12 hours, complete drying in 24 hours.
Application method: roller, brush or spray.
The oil is ready for use, if necessary, can be diluted with an oil solvent or turpentine.
When applying the first layers, tung oil is recommended to be diluted with turpentine or a solvent in a ratio of 4/1 solvent / oil, subsequent 2/1 and 1/1.
Fully tung oil dries out for a very long time, sometimes drying time is 3 weeks. However, it is already possible to apply subsequent layers after 12 hours.
Oils are in the form of a liquid and are sold in the following standard containers:
Teak oil: 0.5 l. and 5 l.
Tung oil: 1 l. and 5 l.
Consumption: 1 liter per 10-12 sq.m. / 1 layer.
How to process a terrace, deck?
For surfaces subject to wear or floor coverings, we recommend Danish oil. This material has a fairly high dry residue and is resistant to wear.
If you want to use solvent-free materials, we recommend teak oil. You need to apply 3-4 layers.
3. Danish oil
This oil is formulated with urethane resins specifically for outdoor use. When applied, it creates a clear coat with a higher solids content than teak and tung oils. The material has a mild solvent odor. The coating has a transparent base option is also possible tinting !
How to apply:
Danish oil is applied in 2-3 layers with an interval of at least 12 hours, complete drying in 24 hours.
Application method: roller, brush or spray.
The oil is ready for use; if necessary, it can be diluted with an oil solvent or turpentine.
The oil is in the form of a liquid and is sold in the following standard containers: 1 liter. and 5 l.
Consumption: 1 liter per 10-12 sq.m. / 1 layer
Buy oils for outdoor work you can in the category
Buildings made of natural wood have a huge number of advantages, but they also have significant drawbacks: a tendency to rot and high sensitivity to the effects of microorganisms and fungi. If the wood is not regularly treated with special protective compounds, the material will not be able to resist harmful insects, moisture, ultraviolet radiation, rot and mold.
What tools are used to process wooden buildings?
The processing of wooden houses and outbuildings from the outside should be comprehensive, for this they use antiseptics, fire retardants, UV protection agents and varnish.
As an antiseptic, experts advise buying Rogneda, Senezh, Healthy Home, Aquatex, Tikurilla. In stores, you can find products that simultaneously act as antiseptics and fire retardants. They protect the wood from decay and fire.
Waxes and natural oils are used to protect against ultraviolet rays. They are applied in 2-3 layers, each with an interval of 12 hours.
What is primer used for?
After treatment with an antiseptic and flame retardant, you can start using a primer. For this, only alkyd-acrylic compounds are suitable, penetrating into the pores of the tree and reliably sealing them.
The primer provides the wood with perfect adhesion. The tool can be used to process a wooden house and outbuildings, not only outside, but also inside.
How to give a wooden building an impeccable look?
In order for a wooden building to look aesthetically pleasing and retain its impeccable appearance for a long time, it is necessary to treat the walls with special bleaching compounds. After all work is completed, the wood can be covered with several layers of wax. A log or beam acquires an attractive natural look, the building does not need to be painted.
If you decide to paint your house, you can combine the two steps (painting and UV protection) by buying paint with UV filters. Moisture protector can be omitted if the house is being painted with a water-resistant or water-based paint.
Means for processing wooden houses are designed to protect against mold, fungus, fire, and the harmful effects of ultraviolet rays. Wax will give buildings an aesthetic appearance, and impregnations will prevent shrinkage of the building, deformation and cracking.