What subjects do you need to know to become an architect. Architects are different.

— Tell us about your career choice? Were there any difficulties? How did you decide to leave alone in an unfamiliar city?

I have always wanted to do something related to both creativity and the study of the exact sciences. Therefore, I started from the fact that my profession should combine art and mathematics. As a result, I am a future architect. It was difficult to decide on the place of study, I chose among three cities: Kazan, Moscow and St. Petersburg (Rita lives in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - ed.). The main thing here is to prioritize everything. Moscow and St. Petersburg were fallback options, otherwise it would not be possible to enter the university of your dreams? My solution is Kazan, a developing city with great potential: in 2013 it will host the Universiade, and the local civil engineering university is prestigious and one of the top three in Russia. No fear of unfamiliar city- merit right motivation: I wanted to start a new stage of life from scratch, from a new city, new people and a way of life.

- In what subjects did you pass the exam, and what was the most difficult in preparation?

For admission to the Faculty of Architecture, only the results of the Unified State Examination in Russian and Mathematics are needed, since they are mandatory, but the teachers at the school asked me to choose at least one additional subject. They did not believe that nothing else was needed, except for talent, of course. Therefore, I passed another social studies. The result was not bad: 64 points for a subject for which I did not prepare. The remaining exams are creative and are conducted by the university itself: drawing, drafting and composition. In fact, it was not easy to prepare for them. My art education and a year of classes with a drawing tutor were very useful. On each creative exam, I earned about 70 points. Without preparation, it would have been even less. IN general education schools drawing has not been taught for a long time, but in art you can learn at least the basics, and this knowledge is enough for admission. It was also difficult to find a good tutor. Other guys for admission went to courses at the university for about a year, and I had only a month to prepare for drawing, drafting and composition, taking into account the requirements of the university. For the sake of these courses, I had to fly out early and miss the issuance of a certificate and graduation.

Tell us a little about your future profession. What does an architect do? Where else can you apply your professional knowledge?

I'm graduating as an architect-designer. We work with architecture and the urban environment, but this does not prevent us from transferring the acquired knowledge to smaller objects: children's swings, stairs or furniture. The university teaches disciplines related to construction, art and man: strength of materials, construction, drawing, design, color and many others. They are also taught to work in professional computer programs, which is very much appreciated in the world. high technology, although drawing and drawing "by hand" is also enough.

Many of my classmates manage to combine their studies with other activities. For example, one friend creates apartment design projects and hands them over to the customer, while another is engaged in parametric modeling and collaborates with the White company. Some students paint portraits to order and make money doing it.

- What will be the wishes or advice to applicants for architecture?

To begin with, take enough time to prepare for the exams. If you are not confident enough in your abilities, then whatever you give up, you need to sit down and get together: a deep breath, a slow exhale. I do not advise you to get hung up on time, it is unlikely that you will be able to complete tasks efficiently if you think about every minute spent. On creative exams, the scheme is as follows. First, we draw up an action plan based on our capabilities: think about where to start, on which tasks you can earn more points. It is better to start with building a plan and a facade of a drawing, and then proceed as taught, and everything will work out. The main thing is less nerves!

Building is one of the most needed, respected and interesting activities on earth. An architect is a person who largely determines how the building will look, whether it will be reliable, safe and convenient for people.

The competition among applicants to universities that train such specialists is always great, and one wants to know what subjects to take for an architect. big number future applicants.

Engineer and artist

This profession is one of the most difficult. The results of the work of the architect have big influence on the conditions of human life, on the appearance of small settlements and huge megacities. The example of the great architects of the past shows that it is impossible to achieve success in this profession without harmonious combination artistic taste, great culture and a large amount of theoretical knowledge and practical skills in the construction business.

What subjects you need to take for an architect is largely determined by the location of this specialty at the junction of the humanities and the exact sciences. To a good preparation in mathematics and geometry, in other natural sciences added the need to possess visual skills. A real architect thinks only with a pencil in his hand. He cannot do without the ability to make his ideas visible and understandable to others, so applicants for "pure" architecture will have to pass the entrance exams to the university creative task. The content of this test is approximately the same for leading educational institutions of this profile.

House, interior, city, landscape

Creation comfortable environment for the life of people - the main goal of a person whose profession is an architect. What subjects you need to take in order to start training in this specialty, determine regulations Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. State standards designate the main specialists of this profile, who are assigned the corresponding codes in the documents:

• 07.03.01 - Architecture. Profiles: architectural design, urban design, restoration design.
• 03/07/02 - Reconstruction and restoration of the architectural heritage.
• 07.03.03 - Architectural environment design.
• 07.03.04 - Urban planning.
• 03/35/10 - Landscape architecture.

University graduates who have been trained in these areas are commonly called architects and designers.

There are two levels of qualification - bachelor and master. They have their own training programs for different dates learning. Some specializations (restoration and urban planning) usually have only a two-year master's degree, and you can start their in-depth study only after becoming a bachelor. Having successfully studied for 4 years, having learned what subjects to take for an architect with and passing a creative competition, you can achieve after mastering training course the highest level professional training.

On the example of the capital's university

In total, there are more than 20 Russian institutes and construction academies that train architects. The rating of such educational institutions changes annually and is largely determined by the results of admission of applicants and graduation of graduate students.

They differ in the level of teaching, conditions for providing educational process have their own history and traditions. But there is also something in common - what subjects you need to take for an architect, designer, what creative tests applicants pass.

Typical conditions can be shown on the example of one of the most famous universities in Russia - Moscow Architectural Institute. Metropolitan Institute of Architecture, now called State Academy, has a quarter-century tradition of training architects of the highest professional level. Studying here is prestigious not only because of the location of the university in the center of Moscow. Among its graduates are many prominent personalities who have clearly shown themselves, and not only in the field of architecture.

The program of entrance examinations at the Moscow Architectural Institute

The combination of creativity and engineering in the future profession determines for applicants who have submitted an application to the admission committee of the Moscow Architectural Institute, which subjects are needed to enter the architect. The main direction of training - "Architecture" - is provided for in the Russian language and mathematics, which are carried out according to the results of the Unified State Examination, and additional tests of a creative and professional orientation - drawing and drafting. Applicants to the Architectural Environment Design must pass the same exams, but the creative test program (figure) is different.

All exams have a 100-point scoring system. The minimum in the Russian language is 36 points, in mathematics - 27, in additional tests - 20 points. If the number of points scored by applicants is equal, the advantage in the competition for enrollment is with those who have shown themselves better in creative disciplines, and best result in drawing - a more weighty argument.

Creative test - drawing

For a "clean" architecture, the drawing exam consists of two tasks. On the first day, applicants draw a "head" - a plaster cast from the head of an ancient sculpture. Antinous, Caesar, Aphrodite, Socrates - these names are familiar to those who have studied at least once and know in advance what subjects are needed to enter the architect.

The type of model, the angle is a matter of chance: applicants work ten people in a room, at a strictly defined easel. On sheets of thick paper measuring 30x40 cm, it takes 6 hours to show the ability to correctly compose a drawing, to build and express the volume of the model without distortion, to convey the ratio of light and shadow.

At the second exam in drawing for the specialty "Architecture", models of geometric bodies are offered - a cube, a prism, a cone, a ball, etc. Of the given objects, two of which are mandatory, you need to complete an imaginary three-dimensional composition in 4 hours. All lines of construction of bodies are saved - visible and hidden, their intersection areas and perspective cuts. There should be several sketch options for the composition on the sheet. Hatching is only an auxiliary means for giving expressiveness to a drawing.

In the "Design of the architectural environment" direction, the first part of the creative exam is drawing a still life, a composition of several geometric and natural objects. A graphite or charcoal pencil is used, 6 hours are allotted for work. Second 4 hour test - planar color composition performed on the basis of the statement of a certain color proposed by the examiners. Technique - opaque paints on water based(gouache or tempera) on paper.

Drawing skill test

Spatial imagination should be possessed by anyone who is attracted to the profession of "architect". What subjects you need to take - you can find out and prepare in advance, but if there are no practical skills in performing orthogonal projections according to the proposed axonometry, there is little chance of enrolling.

Modern drawings are made in special computer programs, and the ability to draw lines using a T-square or compass seems to be archaic. But in addition to these professional skills, at the drawing exam in 4 hours you need to show the ability to represent from an axonometric image how the plan and side views object, with a section in one of the views. Theoretical knowledge on the competent design of the drawing, the execution of inscriptions, etc. are also evaluated. The speed of work is important - pencil lines must be circled with ink. It is no coincidence that for many who passed the entrance exams and knew for a long time what subjects to take for an architect, drawing turned out to be the most difficult stage.

Different universities, similar requirements

The requirements for future students who want to engage in "clean" architecture are high: budget places in Moscow Architectural Institute in 2015 - 328. Despite this, the number of applications submitted to the admissions committees of specialized universities is impressive. Many are also interested in areas of creativity related to architecture. There are features in the rules for admission to such specialties. For example, what subjects do you need to take for a landscape architect? It is logical that biology or geography is added to the Russian language and mathematics at the discretion of the academic council of the university.

There is an opinion that real architects become 50 years old. Too much knowledge and skills must be acquired in order to reach the top in this the most important profession. With today's pace of life, there is no time to waste. If you ask in advance what subjects are needed to enroll as an architect, and start preparing 2-3 years before graduation high school, you can get a tangible boost at the very beginning of the path to success.

What subjects do you need to take for an architect? This question is of interest to many graduates. Russian schools. After all, this profession is prestigious, highly paid and interesting, because it is directly related to creativity. If you feel strong and confident in yourself, then be sure to try your luck in this specialty. Good architects are piece goods on modern market labor. So you are guaranteed to find the job of your dreams.

Profession - architect

By profession, architects are closely related to builders. Therefore, the answers to the question of what subjects need to be taken for an architect and a builder often coincide. Indeed, in order to build a quality building, one cannot do without competent design. You also need a planning project and interesting interior solutions. All these questions can be solved by the architect. This is one of the oldest highly skilled professions, which is already tens of centuries old.

Even thousands of years ago, the architect of buildings and palaces, bridges and churches was a welcome guest in every educated city. Best Samples ancient architecture we can observe today.

How did you become an architect?

In past centuries, in order to become an architect, sometimes one had to spend more than one decade. First, it was necessary to pass difficult exams, then master the art of mastering the basic skills of preparing mixtures and paints, and knowing the basics of architecture. It took many years, but in the end, first-class specialists were obtained.

But he still had to work for several years as an apprentice architect. After all, there was no well-established transfer of information, so the features of the profession were taught already during work. In the end, very a small amount of people really became professionals.

IN modern world The requirements for the skills of specialists have changed significantly. After all, not only methods, but also means for the construction of buildings and structures have become new. Today you need to enter the Faculty of Architecture, and in five or six years you will receive a diploma of a qualified specialist.

Only the goal of the architect remains unchanged - to build a first-class building. At the same time, it is necessary to use its area as efficiently as possible, and the original design ideas should not affect performance.

Architects are different.

As in most professions, architects are divided into specialties and areas. At present, several main ones can be distinguished.

Architect-restorer - whose duties include restoration work cultural heritage. A landscape architect specializes in designing garden plots, parks and squares.

A special profession is a designer-architect. He is responsible not so much for the design as for the interior and directly appearance building. An architect-urban planner prepares exceptionally large and large-scale projects, as a rule, these are industrial buildings and structures, residential areas of high-rise buildings.

Directly construction work supervised by the chief architect.

Personal qualities of an architect

A prerequisite for students who dream of getting into the Faculty of Architecture is creativity to work. Creativity is indispensable in this profession. It is also important to be able to clearly formulate your idea and convey it to others.

Mandatory Ability professional architect- developed spatial thinking. Only in this case it will be easy to carry out projects, and work will begin to bring pleasure.

You can't do without creativity. An original and non-standard approach to solving a problem is welcome in this work. It is also important to properly organize the space around you. After all, in addition to the creative component, it is important to meet the deadlines and not miss the deadlines for fulfilling orders.

Success in this profession will provide you with a sense of taste and style.

Compulsory Exams

In order to understand what subjects you need to take for an architect, you need to finally decide on a specific specialty. Today, the most popular are the faculties "Architecture" and "General Design".

In the first case, your future profession will be closely related to construction, in the second, more attention will be paid to cultural and aesthetic aspects in design.

If you choose an architectural university with a degree in interior or landscape architecture, then in the entrance exams you will be required to pass the Russian language, Russian history, literature and pass a creative competition. The last subject is given the most attention when accepting applicants. The creative competition for this specialty includes drawing, composition and drawing.

In order to master the specialty of a restorer, generalist or reenactor, you will need to pass a slightly different list of items. In addition to the already familiar history of Russia and the Russian language, it will be mathematics. This subject in this specialty is considered profile. The creative competition will include drawing, composition and drafting.

After graduation, you can expect to immediately get a position as an assistant architect. This will give you a good starting position in order to fully master the features of this profession. True, there is a chance to immediately get a job independent project. There is no age limit in this area and often the employer makes his choice based not on experience, but on your portfolio.

How to build a career?

The specialty "architect" gives almost unlimited opportunities for the formation of one's own career. Starting with the work of an assistant, after six or seven years, with due diligence and diligence, you can take the post of chief architect. In this profession, vertical career lifts are extremely developed.

Moreover, often project managers are specialists who do not have a specialized education. For example, engineers or technologists. These are related specialties, so that, having completed additional advanced training courses, they may well take up the post of architect.

This profession is also beneficial financially. As a rule, architects receive enough to provide for themselves and their loved ones. The specific amounts, of course, depend on the region in which you have to work, as well as the specific specialization.

Architectural universities

To become a first-class specialist, it is important to choose a prestigious architectural university. One of the leading in the country is the Moscow Architectural Institute. He has been on the education market since 1933.

This is one of the few Russian universities accredited by many foreign architectural and art higher educational institutions. For example, the British Academy of Architects. MARHI students are about one and a half thousand future specialists.

Here you can get not only higher education but also go to graduate school. The scientific council of the university awards the degree of candidate of architecture.

Architects from the city on the Neva

St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering also provides high-class education. The Faculty of Architecture has been working here since 1830. He is one of the oldest in Russia.

Architecture and construction are two specialties that are closely interconnected, it is from this university that the best workers in these areas come out.

Much attention is paid to modern computer programs related to architecture. When the question arises of where to study as an architect, many choose a St. Petersburg university.

More than a thousand students study at this faculty alone, including not only Russians, but also Chinese, Vietnamese, residents of African states - Morocco, Tunisia and Mali. Special training workshops, drawing classes, and lithography classrooms are equipped here.

Here you can master such interesting areas as architecture and construction, get a job in the field of reconstruction public buildings, urban environment design, engineering infrastructure operation.

Surikov Institute

Another faculty of architecture, producing first-class specialists, works at the Moscow State Academic Art Institute named after Surikov.

What subjects do you need to take for an architect in this university? Their list is practically the same. This is the Russian language, history, mathematics and creative competition. The university is especially famous for the release of creative specialists who conquer future customers with their original projects.

IN Russian system education is developed comprehensive program future architects. Therefore, already upon admission to most universities in the country, it is necessary to prepare for subjects from several fields of science.

In 2014, in order to enter the specialty Architecture , you need hand over the following exams: mathematics, which is a profile, Russian language, and history. There will also be an additional - creative exam, which can be: painting, composition, drawing, drafting, or the history of world artistic culture.



Once upon a time, in my youth, I myself wanted to study as an architect, there was a huge interest in architecture, but life decreed otherwise, of course, I do not regret it. BUT apply for an architect, for example, in St. Petersburg at the University of Architecture and Civil Engineering necessary:

mathematics,

Russian language,

and give 2 any additional tasks, as a rule, this creative tasks, the applicant does not know which ones, they can offer and even draw something.

Take exams when entering a university for the specialty architect applicants need in mathematics and the Russian language. But crucial has a creative task. Usually it consists of a composition and a drawing of the head (sometimes head molding).

In order to enter one of the higher educational institutions in the architectural department, it is necessary to pass a series of entrance examinations in subjects, one of which changes periodically. But basically, these subjects include, first of all, the Russian language and mathematics; and no less important profiling subjects - drawing, drawing and composition. Sometimes mathematics changes to history or geography (in different years).

To pass the entrance exams for the Faculty of Architecture to an applicant in without fail pass the Russian language (essay) and mathematics, as well as profile subjects. This is a drawing architectural detail and volumetric composition

Now compulsory subjects when entering the university for the specialty architect are mathematics and Russian, can add history or geography. Plus a creative exam - drawing, drafting or a comprehensive exam.

If you take an exam for the specialty Design of the architectural environmentquot ;, then in addition to Russian and mathematics, you will have to pass an analytical drawing or a planar coloristic composition as an additional creative test.

According to the List published on the Federal Portal entrance examinations universities in 2014, it is likely that some institution may also choose social studies as an entrance exam.

The general list of exams usually looks like this:

Maths

Russian language

Additional exam

Given such a range of opinions in the answers, I would advise you to address this question directly to the educational institution that you have chosen. You can go to the primary commission, or you can go to the site. And there will be no doubt.

IN Russian Federation there are enough universities that train architects. The list of entrance exams includes compulsory subjects (EG results) and additional tests that are taken directly at the university.

Applicants entering an architectural university will need to pass for admission:

• USE results for Russian language,
• USE results for mathematics,
• additional creative test - picture(2 tasks),
• additional professional test drawing.

And here is what you need to take to the St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering:

• Drawing of an architectural detail.
• Volumetric composition of geometric bodies.
• Mathematics (USE results).
• Russian language (according to the results of the exam).

• Upon admission to a higher educational institution in the direction of Architecture on the basis of 11 classes, the full-time study period will be 5 years. The list of exams and the required GPA for admission can be seen below:

  

  Russian language

  maths

  1. Architectural detail drawing
  2. Volumetric composition of geometric bodies

• Now, admission to universities takes place on the basis of the Unified State Examination, so you need to take the Unified State Examination in Russian, the Unified State Examination in mathematics, and the Unified State Examination in Informatics. I don’t know why architects need computer science, probably to use modern technologies when solving architectural problems.

Building has always been prestigious and respected in society. Every person understands in his life the importance of reproducing new projects, building real estate and developing modern cities. Not a single building and structure can do without the experienced design and development of a professional. Thus, this makes architecture one of the oldest professions.

Various buildings, temples, cathedrals, bridges and town halls are considered part of the culture. Today we can observe different kinds of this art in various parts of the world, observing how the consciousness and imagination of people have progressed in certain periods of time. Each creator tried to bring something individual and distinctive from others into his work. The great beauty of the buildings still disturbs the minds of young people, so this profession is still considered one of the popular choices of applicants.

Previously, it was not required to pass exams to become an architect. There were no training courses and there were no special institutes, as now, which could teach those who wished this interesting business. Architectural activity was usually passed on by families or close people, experience was given along the way, so few of the then architects really knew what he was doing. Now everyone who wants and has the ability to bring something to the culture can try himself in this work.

Architecture in the modern world

We can see how every year more and more requirements are attributed to each profession. Technical progress forces people to adapt to change. Now it is not enough to have some experience in architecture to be a master. Today, every self-respecting architect must graduate from a special higher educational institution, where in 4-5 years he will learn all the most basic things.

But the main tasks for workers and amateurs in this business have remained the same as they were several hundred years ago. An architect must be able to design and create a layout of a safe and rational building, which, in addition to general functionality, must be beautiful and unique. . Many people believe that this profession is ideal for people who like to express themselves in creative areas of life and develop in a technical direction. Architecture combines the skills and abilities of two opposite areas of life, which makes it both complex and interesting at the same time.

Projects are approved only if the structure is really effective, beautiful and as comfortable as possible for a person. Though design decoration very important in architecture, it must give way to practicality.

What types of architects exist

Any modern profession has different directions and types. This is characterized by that over time, too many tasks pile up on a specialist and he can really not be a master in all of them. Thus, it is possible to imagine several types of architects:

Where do they study as an architect and what subjects must be taken

It is impossible to say exactly what subjects and institute should be chosen by a person who wants to engage in architecture. Institutions are different and not all are suitable for a certain type. architects. Now many people choose the faculties of design and architecture, although a person can enter other specialties to engage in this business. Items and details creative competition depend only on the desired faculty and direction. Now you can hear a lot of advice that it is not necessary to enter a higher educational institution in order to get the full amount of knowledge about this activity.

Of course, this is true. But do not forget that it is the institute that allows a person to join the professional society of his beloved business. The question of whether to enter an applicant or wait is always difficult, but it is still recommended not to start studying in higher education. educational institution even if only to get a degree.

Design gives general idea about art and the ability to present a good picture to a person, and architecture allows you to delve into the construction process.

For admission to the architect of interiors and landscapes, you must pass the following entrance exams to the institute:

1. Language (profiling in the country).
2. Literature.
3. History.
4. Creative competition.

In addition, it is possible to enter this type of architect after the ninth grade, and after the eleventh grade, which provides more extensive opportunities for admission.

For admission to another type of architect(for example, a restorer), other entrance exams to the institute will be required:

1. Maths.
2. Language.
3. Computer science or history.
4. Creative competition.

Some faculties have special programs for training young professionals. A young student can try himself as a professional in different companies, presenting his projects. In addition, he can learn from more experienced craftsmen. Unfortunately, to enter the institute for an architect, you can take exams only after the eleventh grade.

Education in the architectural specialty at the institute gives huge advantages for those who want to develop in this direction. In fact, it is not necessary to enroll and pass exams to be a master of your craft in the modern world. However, most companies and firms require specialists to have a document confirming their level of education, in particular, professional. This makes studying at the institute practically necessary.