Two-pipe water heating system: varieties and installation. General presentation and scope

In an autonomous heating system, a situation is often observed when radiators remote from the boiler give off less heat than those installed closer. The problem may lie not only in the long length of the highway, but also in an incorrectly drawn up scheme with a single circuit. Is it possible to make several of them and what are heating circuits, their description and balancing?

Heating circuit balancing problems

by the most simple example competent distribution of the coolant among several consumers is the heating of a multi-storey building. If a single-circuit scheme had been used during its creation, some consumers would have been left without heat. Therefore, the building has several heating circuits. The same principle can be applied to autonomous system private house or cottage.

But first you need to figure out what a heating circuit is. Imagine that a branching occurs in a certain section of the pipeline, and part of the coolant is sent through a separate circuit to another room. In this case, the length of each of the contours can be different, since the rooms in the house have unequal areas. As a result, water with varying degrees of cooling enters the common return pipe. But a big problem is the uneven distribution of heat in the house. To eliminate this, balancing the heating circuits is necessary.

This is a set of measures aimed at uniform distribution of the coolant, depending on the length of each branch of the heating system. This can be foreseen at the design stage:

• If the system has two heating circuits- their length should be approximately equal. To do this, make the division of pipelines according to the areas of each room;
• Installation of distribution manifolds. Their advantage lies in the possibility of using special elements, which automatically limit the flow of coolant. The determining indicator is the length of the heating circuit;
• The use of special devices, regulating the volume hot water depending on the set values.

The result of the measures taken to balance the heating circuits should be a uniform temperature in all rooms of the house.

The calculation of balancing the heating circuits must be done at the design stage. It is not always possible to make modifications to an existing system.

Adjustment of a water heat-insulated floor

Most often, the problem of thermal control is encountered when designing a water-heated floor system. That is why in his scheme in without fail a collector is provided that is responsible for this closed heating circuit.

Separate circuits are connected to each inlet and outlet branch pipe. Not always their length can be the same. Therefore, the design provides control mechanisms:

• flow meter- installed on the return pipe of the collector. It performs the function of adjusting the quantitative indicator of water depending on the length of the heating circuit;
• Temperature controllers- limit the flow of water according to the temperature indicator.

For the initially correct distribution of the coolant over a closed heating circuit, it is enough to make a simple calculation. The main indicator is the volume of each branch. The sum of these values ​​will correspond to 100%. To calculate, you need to divide the volume of each circuit and calculate the coefficient of limitation of water inflow into it.

When balancing a water heated floor with large area it is recommended to take into account the number of turns in each circuit. They create additional hydraulic resistance.

Collector heating system

It is much more difficult to organize a uniform distribution of the coolant in a circuit consisting of two heating circuits. Until recently, conventional tee distributors were used for this. However, they could not provide desired result- a larger volume of water passed along the path of least hydraulic resistance. The result was a significant temperature difference in the rooms.

Having found out what a circuit in heating is on the example of warm water floors, the same model was transferred to the entire system of the house. Only in this case it became possible to make separate highways for each room or group of rooms. Most often used, which, compared with the classical one, has the following advantages:

• The ability to adjust the flow rate of the coolant in each branch using flow meters. Thus, the balancing of individual heating circuits is carried out without changing the parameters of the entire system;
• If necessary, you can completely exclude heat supply to the premises. This may be necessary to save ongoing heating costs;
• Absence great influence circuit length in heating temperature regime work. The main thing is to install control equipment.

The disadvantage of this scheme is the large length of highways. On average, it will take 30-40% more to create collector heating Supplies than for classic version. This increases the total amount of coolant, which increases the required power of the heating boiler.

It is not advisable to install collector heating for one-story houses area up to 120 m².

balancing valve

But what to do if initially there is already ready system heating, and the above mechanisms for adjusting the circuits are missing? Then in similar closed circuits heating, you can install a balancing valve.

The closest analogue of a balancing valve is a conventional shut-off valve. But only in contrast to it, the valve mechanism provides for the possibility of automatic or manual adjustment of the flow of coolant into a specific heating circuit. For large systems choose automatic models. If it is possible to carry out manual periodic adjustment, you can install a mechanical analogue.

The principle of its operation is to limit the flow of coolant into a separate line. For this purpose, a rod is provided in the design that performs a locking function.

When choosing a particular model, you need to pay attention to following options this equipment:

• The value of the pressure of the working medium - maximum and nominal;
• Pressure difference in the return and supply pipes. This is important, since the excess coolant is redirected to the return line;
• The value of the flow rate of water in pipes;
• Rated operating temperature of the system.

These features can be taken from preliminary calculation heating, or get them empirically by simple calculations. The cost of a balancing valve directly depends on its functionality, nozzle diameter and material of manufacture. Well-proven models from of stainless steel operating in automatic mode.

Having learned what heating circuits are and how to balance them, you can optimize the performance of the entire system. But at the same time, it is important to monitor the pressure readings in each of them so that excessive hydraulic pressure is not created.

To date, there are the most different ways organization of systems, among which heating on two wings with a pump has gained great popularity. Its device is made according to the principle of effective maintenance with minimal heat loss. The two-pipe heating system has become especially in demand in single-storey, multi-storey and private houses, the connection of which allows you to achieve all necessary conditions for comfortable living.

What is a two-pipe heating system

Two-pipe heating is used in last years more and more often, and this despite the fact that the installation of a single-pipe version is usually much cheaper. This model provides the ability to adjust the temperature in each room of a residential building according to own will, because a special control valve is provided for this. As for the one-pipe scheme, unlike the two-pipe one, its coolant, when circulating, sequentially passes absolutely all radiators.

As for the model of two pipes, here a pipe is separately supplied to each radiator, designed to inject the coolant. And the return pipeline is collected from each battery into a separate circuit, the function of which is to deliver the cooled carrier back to the flow or wall-mounted boiler. This circuit (natural / forced circulation) is called the return and it has gained especially great popularity in apartment buildings when it becomes necessary to heat all floors with a single boiler.

Advantages

Double-circuit heating, despite more high cost installation compared to some other analogues, suitable for objects of any configuration and number of storeys - this is a very important advantage. In addition, the coolant that enters all heating appliances has an identical temperature, which provides the possibility of uniform heating of all rooms.

The remaining advantages of a two-pipe heating system are the possibility of installing special thermostats on radiators and the fact that a breakdown of one of the devices will in no way affect the operation of others. In addition, by installing valves on each battery, you can reduce water consumption, which is a big plus for family budget.

disadvantages

The above system has one significant disadvantage, which consists in the fact that all its components and their installation are much more expensive than the organization of a single-pipe model. It turns out that not all tenants can afford it. Other disadvantages of a two-pipe heating system are the complexity of installation and a large number of pipes and special connecting elements.

Scheme of a two-pipe heating system

As mentioned above, a similar method of organizing a heating system differs from other options in a more complex architecture. Scheme double-circuit heating is a pair of closed circuits. One of them is used to supply the heated coolant to the batteries, the other is to send the spent, i.e., cooled liquid back for heating. The use of this method on a particular object depends to a greater extent on the power of the boiler.

Dead end heating system

In this embodiment, the direction of supply of heated water and return is multidirectional. A two-pipe dead-end heating system involves the installation of batteries, each of which has an identical number of sections. To balance the system with such a movement of heated water, the valve installed on the first radiator must be screwed with great force in order to shut off.

Associated heating system

This circuit is also called the Tichelman loop. An associated two-pipe heating system or just a ride is easier to balance and adjust, especially if the line is very long. At this method the organization of the heating system on each battery requires the installation of a needle valve or a device such as a thermostatic valve.

Horizontal heating system

There is also such a type of scheme as a two-pipe horizontal system heating, which has found wide application in one- and two-story houses. It is also used in houses with a basement, where you can easily place the necessary communication networks and devices. When using this wiring, the installation of the supply pipeline can be done under the radiators or on the same level with them. But this scheme has a drawback, which is the frequent formation of air pockets. In order to get rid of them, the installation of Mayevsky cranes on each device is required.

Vertical heating system

A scheme of this type is more often used in houses with 2-3 or more floors. But for its organization it is necessary to have a large number pipes. It should be noted that a vertical two-pipe heating system has such a significant advantage as the ability to automatically remove air that exits through a drain valve or expansion tank. If the latter is installed in the attic, then this room must be insulated. In general, with this scheme, the temperature distribution over the heating devices is carried out evenly.

Two-pipe heating system with bottom wiring

If you decide to choose this scheme, then keep in mind that it can be collector or with radiators mounted in parallel. Scheme of a two-pipe heating system with a lower wiring of the first type: two pipelines depart from the collector to each battery, which are supply and discharge. This model with the wiring of the lower type has the following advantages:

• installation of shut-off valves is carried out in one room;
• high level efficiency;
• the possibility of installation in an unfinished object;
• overlapping and adjustment is carried out easily and simply;
• the ability to disable top floor if no one lives there.

Two-pipe heating system with top wiring

A closed two-pipe heating system with an upper wiring is used to a greater extent due to the fact that it is devoid of air locks and has high speed water circulation. Before making a calculation, set a filter, find a photo with detailed description scheme, it is necessary to compare the costs of this option with the benefits and take into account the following disadvantages:

• unaesthetic appearance of the premises due to open communications;
• high flow pipes and necessary materials;
• the appearance of problems associated with the placement of the tank;
• rooms located on the second floor warm up somewhat better;
• the impossibility of location in rooms with large footage;
• additional costs associated with decorative trim, which should hide the pipes.

Connecting heating radiators with a two-pipe system

Installation work related to the installation of double-circuit heating includes several stages. So, the connection diagram for radiators with a two-pipe system looks like in the following way:

1. At the first stage, the boiler is installed, for which a specially designated place is prepared, for example, a basement.
2. Further installed equipment connects to an expansion tank mounted in the attic.
3. Then, a pipe is drawn from the collector to each radiator battery to move the coolant.
4. At the next stage, pipes for heated water are again drawn from each radiator, which will give them their heat.
5. All return pipes form a single circuit, which is further connected to the boiler.

If a circulation pump is used in such a circuit system, then it is installed directly in the return circuit. The fact is that the design of the pumps consists of various cuffs and gaskets, which are made of rubber, which do not withstand high temperatures. This completes all installation work.

Video

Among the countless options for distributing heating systems, the most common is the scheme of a two-pipe heating system with lower wiring and forced circulation of the coolant. It can be assembled independently, provided that it is designed and calculated correctly. But not every homeowner understands these issues, and even if it is decided to hire specialists for design and installation, their work must be checked. This is possible only if you figure out what a two-pipe heating system of a private house is and how to install it correctly. Our article is just to help such homeowners.

Types of two-pipe heating systems

Our topic is entirely devoted to these systems, since they have a number of advantages over single-pipe ones. It makes no sense to list them all, it is worth noting only the main thing: a two-pipe system works in such a way that a coolant of almost the same temperature enters all radiators.

The word "almost" means that there are exceptions to this rule, these are circuits assembled from steel, copper and stainless corrugated pipes that are not covered with a heat-insulating layer.

The fact is that the heating system of a private house, made by hand from non-insulated metal pipes, will give off heat to the premises not only through radiators. The metal has a high thermal conductivity, so the coolant flowing in such a line will cool slightly as it moves away from the boiler. Although the temperature drop compared to single-pipe wiring is insignificant, it still needs to be taken into account.

Note. Many supporters of single-pipe schemes such as Leningradka say that they are cheaper, since the material will take half as much. But at the same time, they forget about the drop in water temperature, as a result of which it is necessary to increase the capacity of the radiators, that is, add sections. This additional funds, and a lot.

According to the orientation of the risers in space, vertical and horizontal views systems, and they can have top, bottom and combined wiring. With a vertical scheme, one or more risers are located in the building, powered by a heat source located in the basement or first floor. Radiators are connected directly to vertical risers, as shown in the figure:

This is a circuit with a bottom wiring, since main pipelines the coolant is supplied to the risers from below. A vertical system with top filling means they are laid from above, with combined version only the supply horizontal collector runs under the ceiling, and the return one runs from below. Usually, the lines laid from above are placed in the attic space, and in its absence - under the ceiling last floor. Which is not very good in terms of aesthetics.

Horizontal systems

This is a closed two-pipe system in which horizontal branches are laid instead of vertical risers, and a certain number of heating devices are connected to them. As in the previous case, branches can have top, bottom and combined wiring, only now this happens within the same floor, as shown in the diagrams:

As you can see in the figure, a top-wiring system requires pipes to be laid under the ceiling of the premises or in the attic and will hardly fit into the interior, not to mention the consumption of materials. For these reasons, the circuit is used infrequently, for example, for heating basements or in the case when the boiler room is located on the roof of the building. But if the circulation pump is correctly selected and the system is set up, then it is better to let it go down from the roof boiler pipe, any homeowner will agree with this.

Combined wiring is indispensable when you need to install a two-pipe gravity system, where the coolant moves naturally due to convection. Such schemes are still relevant in areas with unreliable power supply and in houses of small area and number of storeys. Its disadvantages are that many pipes of large diameter pass through all the rooms, it is very difficult to hide them. Plus the high material consumption of the project.

And finally, a horizontal system with a lower wiring. It is no coincidence that it is the most popular, because the scheme combines a lot of advantages and has almost no drawbacks. The connections to the radiators are short, the pipes can always be hidden behind a decorative screen or cast into a floor screed. At the same time, the consumption of materials is acceptable, and from the point of view of work efficiency, it is difficult to find a better option. Especially when a more advanced associated system is used, as shown in the diagram below:

Its main advantage is that the water in the supply and return pipes runs the same distance and flows in the same direction. Therefore, hydraulically, this is the most stable and reliable scheme, provided that all calculations are carried out correctly and installation features are taken into account. By the way, the nuances of systems with a passing movement of the coolant lie in the complexity of the arrangement of ring circuits. Pipes often need to cross doorways and other obstacles, which can increase the cost of the project.

Output. For a private house the best option is a two-pipe horizontal heating system with lower wiring, but only in conjunction with artificial circulation of the coolant. If it is required to provide non-volatile operation thermal equipment and networks, it is recommended to take one of the combined gravity systems - horizontal or vertical. The latter will be appropriate in a house with two floors.

Forced circulation heating system

So, the wiring diagram is selected, the next steps are as follows:

• draw it in the form of a sketch, or even better - a three-dimensional model (axonometry);
• calculate and select pipe diameters in all branches and sections;
• pick up all necessary elements two-pipe system: batteries, pump, expansion tank, filter, fittings and other parts of the boiler and radiator piping;
• purchase equipment and materials, perform installation work;
• test, balance (if necessary) and put the system into operation.

On the sketch in the form of an axonometric view, it is necessary to draw lines, arrange radiators and stop valves, mark the heights, taking the surface of the first floor screed as a reference point. Subsequently, after completing the calculation, it will be necessary to put down the dimensions and sections of the pipes on the drawing. An example of how a two-pipe system with forced circulation is installed is shown in the drawing:

Important. The finished sketch will allow you to better understand all the nuances of the future system, up to the number and types of fittings made of polypropylene, metal-plastic or other material. It is especially convenient when a house plan is attached to a three-dimensional image.

Selection of pipe diameter

This calculation consists in determining the flow rate of the coolant from the thermal power necessary for heating the room, and from it the diameter of the pipes for a two-pipe heating system. In simple words, the flow area of ​​the pipe should be enough for delivery to each room right amount heat along with hot water.

Note. By default, it is assumed that the calculation of the heat losses of the building has already been completed and the amount of heat for all rooms is known.

To carry out the selection of the diameter of the pipes, they begin from the very end of the system, from the last battery. First, the coolant flow rate for heating this room is calculated according to the formula:

G = 3600Q/(c∆t), where:

• G - the required consumption of hot water for the room, kg / h;
• Q - the amount of heat for heating this room, kW;
• c is the heat capacity of water, taken as 4.187 kJ/kg ºС;
• Δt is the calculated temperature difference in the supply and return manifold, usually take 20 ºС.

For example, 3 kW of heat is needed to heat a room. Then the flow rate of the coolant will be equal to:

3600 x 3 / 4.187 x 20 = 129 kg / h, in volume it will be 0.127 m3 / h.

To balance a two-pipe water heating system initially, it is necessary to choose the diameter as accurately as possible. Based on the volumetric flow, we find the flow area using the formula:

S=GV/3600v, where:

• S - area cross section pipes, m2;
• GV is the volumetric flow rate of the coolant, m3/h;
• v is the water flow velocity, taken in the range from 0.3 to 0.7 m/s.

Note. If the heating system one-story house- gravitational, then the minimum speed should be taken - 0.3 m / s.

In our example, let's take a speed of 0.5 m / s, find the cross section and, according to the formula for the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe circle - the diameter, it will be equal to 0.1 m. The closest polypropylene pipe in terms of assortment has an internal size of 15 mm, and we put it on the drawing. By the way, connecting radiators to a two-pipe system is usually carried out with just such a pipe - 15 mm. Next, go to the next room, count and summarize with the previous result, and so on until the boiler itself.

Connecting radiators to a two-pipe system

Installed batteries are connected to the lines during installation, correct connection heating radiators with a two-pipe system - it is lateral or diagonal. Everything existing ways shown in the figure:

What temperature balance does the bottom connection of the radiator to a two-pipe system lead to is well illustrated by the figures:

Batteries used in a vertical circuit usually have a side connection (method No. 3). In horizontal systems, it is most preferable diagonal scheme connection (method No. 1), due to this, the maximum heat transfer of the heater is achieved, which is shown below in the image:

Balancing

The meaning of this operation is to balance all branches of the system and regulate the flow of water in each of them. To do this, each branch must be correctly connected to the mains, that is, special balancing valves must be installed on the sidebar. Also, control valves or thermostatic valves are installed on the connections to all radiators.

It is not so easy to carry out precise balancing with your own hands, you need to have the appropriate instruments (at least a pressure gauge to measure the pressure drop across the balance valve) and perform pressure loss calculations. If none of this is present, then after testing it is necessary to fill the system, bleed air and turn on the boiler. Further, the balancing of the two-pipe system is done by touch, according to the degree of heating of all batteries. Appliances located next to the heat generator must be “pressed” in order to more heat went far away. The same is true for entire branches of the system.

Conclusion

It is noteworthy that it is much easier to install a two-pipe heating system than to develop it, calculate it, and then balance it. So you can go through this stage on your own, and it is advisable to coordinate all the rest with specialists.

A double-circuit heating system for a private house has a more complex structure than a classic single-circuit one. At the same time, the advantages of such systems are undeniable. Represents two closed circuits, one of which supplies the coolant to the radiators, and the other returns it to the boiler.

Double-circuit heating is used for all types of buildings.

Advantages:

• There are almost no losses of the coolant when it is supplied to the radiators.
• The supply of coolant with the same temperature to all radiators of the system is ensured.
• The use of small diameter pipes reduces material costs.
• High reliability.
• Great plant efficiency.
• Possibility of installing control valves on each radiator, i.e. everyone's temperature heating element can be adjusted separately from others.
• Low consumption of water and electricity.
• The absence of bulky structures is the best solution for modern interiors.
• Ease of integration into an existing home.

Types of system relative to the axis of the pipeline:

• Horizontal. Installed in one-story houses large area.
• Vertical. Possible application in high-rise buildings. The contour of each floor cuts into the common riser of the system. The advantage is the absence of airing the system - the air leaves the system through the expansion tank.

In both cases, balancing is necessary. For vertical type balancing is done on the riser.

The advantage of both systems is high heat transfer and high hydraulic stability.

Wiring types:

1. Upper. Pipe routing is carried out at the top of the pipeline. The expansion tank is located there.
   This type cannot be installed in houses without an attic.
2. Lower. Piping is carried out in the basement or ground floor. In this case, it should be borne in mind that the return pipes must be laid even lower than the supply. Therefore, laying pipes in the subfield is allowed.

It is the simplest system, because the schema contains the minimum number of elements.

The composition of the equipment with a forced scheme:

• Boiler.
• Measuring instruments.
• Radiators.
• Pipeline.
• Safety valve.
• Circulation pump.
• Expansion tank.

How the system works:

• The prepared coolant with operating parameters is supplied by the pump to top point systems.
• Due to gravity, the liquid moves through the pipelines and fills the radiators sequentially (as in the developed scheme).
• Through the return circuit, the water is returned to the boiler by the circulation pump for further cycles.

Advantages:

• The minimum number of nodes in the circuit.
• Relatively high CDP.
• Uniform heating of radiators.
• Low cost of construction installation work and equipment.
• The ability to work in natural circulation mode - when the pump is disconnected from the mains, the water in the system circulates by gravity.

Disadvantages:

• Low efficiency of the system in houses with a large area.

This type of heating is similar to a system with forced circulation.
The difference in operation is the absence of a circulation pump. To increase the efficiency of the circuit, large-diameter smooth pipes are used.

Advantages:

• Low cost of installation works and equipment.
• No electricity costs (if the boiler is gas).
• The best option for houses remote from the city limits. The system does not use electricity to circulate the coolant through the circuits.
• Ability to work on any type of fuel.
• Long service life. It is possible to work up to 40 years without major repairs.

Disadvantages:

• Small range (no more than 30m).
• Slow heating of rooms.
• High fuel consumption to start the system.
• The impossibility of adjusting the temperature of the coolant.
• Frequent airing of radiators.
• When installing an expansion tank in unheated room there is a possibility of freezing.

The composition of the equipment with a natural scheme:

• Boiler.
• Radiators.
• Safety valve.
• Pipe system (direct and reverse).
• Expansion tank. Provides constant pressure in the system.

How the system works:

• When the temperature rises, the pressure of the coolant changes.
• Cold layers push combustible liquid into the system.
• Upon reaching the highest point of the system, water flows by gravity through pipelines.
• The cooled coolant also enters the boiler by gravity along the return circuit.
• Thanks to the pipes located with a slope, natural circulation of the coolant is ensured.

Note! The slope of the direct circuit goes towards the radiator; for the return, the slope is set towards the boiler. Properly executed slopes ensure the removal of air bubbles in the expansion tank.

Measures to ensure the stable operation of the system

• The slope of horizontal sections should be large due to the small difference in the densities of hot and cooled water.
• The boiler must be buried in order to maintain an optimal slope of the return circuit.
• The expansion tank must only be of an open type, as The system must not be pressurized to operate.

There are two types of schemes with natural circulation

• With top wiring. The boiler must be installed in the center, wiring is carried out in both directions.
  It is necessary to build circuits no longer than 20 m to ensure high heat transfer.
• With bottom wiring. In this case, the supply pipes must be laid next to the return, ensuring the movement of the coolant from the bottom up to the radiators.

To increase efficiency, air pipelines are included in the scheme to remove air from the system.

For a two-story house

For a two-story building, it is necessary to use more complex heating schemes. An efficiently built system allows you to maintain a cozy and comfortable atmosphere in the house.

With minimal theoretical knowledge and practical skills repair work it is possible to independently build a two-circuit heating system in two-story house.

Collector

Advantages of double-circuit collector systems for cottages

• Uniform distribution of the coolant to the radiators directly from the boiler.
• Minimal pressure and temperature losses.
• Possibility to use powerful circulation pumps.
• Performing adjustments and repairs individual elements without adversely affecting the entire system.

disadvantages

• Large consumption of materials.

It's important to know! Connection additional elements(“warm floor”, heated towel rails, massage bathtubs) is possible, both during the installation of the main part, and during the next repair. The most appropriate is the design of a heating system during the construction of a house, because. in this case, the heating network has the most high efficiency(the most suitable location for the boiler, radiators and pipelines is selected).

Components of the collector system:

• Boiler.
• Radiators.
• Auto air vent
• Balancing, safety and thermostatic valve.
• Membrane expansion tank.
• Stop valve.
• mechanical filter.
• pressure gauge
• Circulation pump.

A feature of heating, as in one-story buildings, is the presence of two circuits - supply and return pipelines. Radiators are connected in parallel. It is most expedient to carry out the supply in the upper part, and the withdrawal - in the lower part. The direction of the liquid diagonally creates uniform heating and greater heat transfer of the coolant.

Thermostatic valves located on the radiators are also used to regulate the temperature. With their help, it is easy to limit the temperature in private room or shut off the heat supply altogether. The exclusion of the heat sink in this way does not affect the efficiency of the system in general.

For uniformity of the coolant flow, balancing valves are installed on the radiators.

Safety valve, if any overpressure, discharges liquid into the expansion tank. With a significant decrease in pressure in the system, a fence occurs working fluid from the membrane tank.

The circulation pump is included in the circuit to maintain the required flow rate of the coolant.

How the system works

• The working fluid enters the supply pipeline.
• After removing excess air (by means of an automatic valve), it is heated and fed into vertical risers. Where is the division of supply for the first and second floors.
• After passing through the radiators, it returns along the return circuit to the boiler.

It's important to know! The return (return pipeline) is connected to another boiler inlet. It is divided in the same way as the supply circuit.

This scheme can be used in a system with artificial and natural circulation when using additional equipment: pumps, heat exchangers, expansion tanks.

A two-pipe system when introducing a collector scheme is best solution for heating two-storey houses. Despite the laboriousness and high financial costs, such heating pays off in several seasons.

There are many options for implementing a heating system in a private house. It does not matter whether we are considering the design of a one-story, two-story or multi-storey buildings, in any case, we can choose perfect solution that meets our needs.

In this article we will tell you about double-circuit heating, how such a solution works and how to do the calculation and installation of double-circuit water heating with your own hands.

The diameter of the pipes must be sufficient to transport without problems large quantities media on a horizontal plane.

It may be necessary to connect several circulation pumps, especially if the hydraulic calculation shows that the water will stagnate without them or the pipe diameter is too small, which will provoke additional friction.

The horizontal layout is ideal for one-story buildings with a large area.

It, in turn, can be equipped with a lower or upper connection scheme. With the bottom diagram pipe goes at the very bottom, under the radiators, connecting to them at the bottom.

The upper connection scheme provides for the connection of radiators not along the lower, but along the upper line, which is more convenient, since then the coolant moves naturally.

Vertical wiring is typical for a two-story or multi-story building. It takes a slightly different approach. Vertical piping is found in most multistory buildings. They have several risers for each entrance. The riser goes from the first floor to the last.

Such a vertical system of water supply from the bottom up is classic solution. However, in low-rise buildings it is practically not used for obvious reasons.

2.1 Schemes of a two-circuit heating system (video)

2.2 DIY device

It remains to consider how the installation of a two-pipe heating system is carried out.

Stages of work:

1. We select the wiring diagram, we select the characteristics of the pipes, their diameter, we select the heating unit.
2. We carry out calculations, make sure that the solution is viable and effective.
3. We buy materials.
4. Laying heating pipes.
5. Laying water pipes.
6. We prepare the boiler room.
7. We mount heating devices, mixing units, connect all equipment to a single center.
8. If necessary, we increase the pressure in the pipes with the help of circulation pumps Dab