How to calculate the volume of timber per house. Preliminary calculation of materials for building a house from a bar

Timber houses are very popular and have a number of advantages over log houses. The geometrically correct shape of the beam (a rectangle or a square is obtained in the section) allows you to create more usable space, and it becomes much easier to calculate the amount of material needed to build a house. To do this, you need to know the length and height of all sides of the structure and multiply by the thickness of the beam.

Types of timber products

Today, in the construction market you can find a bar of various sections. So, they often buy lumber products with a section of 120x120, 150x100, 180x180, 200x150, 150x150, 100x100, 140x140 mm. All of them are purchased for certain structures. But the most popular is the section of the beam 150x150 mm, since it combines good cost and excellent thermal insulation characteristics. Also, timber products with a section of 150x150 mm are simply laid, a pronounced number of seam caulked joints is obtained.

Plus, recently, prefabricated glued lumber material, that is, profiled, has been supplied to the market. When compared with typical lumber, it has increased strength properties, heat-saving characteristics due to tongue-and-groove joints, as well as lower shrinkage. Therefore, many experts recommend using it. There is only one drawback - the high cost of the material. Prefabricated adhesive timber has a higher cost, but it is fully justified, since the service life exceeds the time of using conventional lumber.

Formula

Vbeam = wall height x wall length x beam thickness

By making calculations in this way, we get the required amount of material for building a house. Let's take a simple example. If you are going to build a house, the height of the walls of which will be 3 meters, and the length of the walls is 9 and 6 meters from a bar 150x150 mm, then you need to first calculate the perimeter. That is, we add up the length of all walls: 9 + 9 + 6 + 6 \u003d 36 linear meters. Next, multiply the resulting number by 3 meters and get 108 square meters. At the last stage, we multiply by the thickness of the beam, that is, by 0.15. As a result, it turns out 16.2 cubic meters. Thus, the question of how to calculate the amount of timber per house should no longer arise.

Calculation example

As you know, the sale of bars, boards on the market is carried out precisely in cubic meters. This is very often used by many sellers, who allow you to take the excess in your pocket, because buyers do not know how to calculate the cubic capacity of the timber. At the same time, it is not so difficult to find out the necessary cubic capacity. There is one easy method. So, if you purchase lumber of the same size, then you need to multiply the length of the beam by its cross-sectional area. Thus, you will find the amount in cubic meters in one unit of lumber. And then multiply this number by the number of units.

Let's give an example: if you bought 20 units of timber with a length of 6 meters and a section of 150 x 150 mm, then first we find the cross-sectional area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe lumber. To do this, we multiply 0.15 by 0.15 = 0.0225 m2. Then we multiply the resulting number by 6 (the length of the beam). As a result, it turns out 0.135 m3. Well, at the last stage, we multiply by the total amount, that is, by 20. The total cubic capacity of the acquired timber will be 2.7. With such a fairly simple method, you can calculate the cubic capacity for any lumber. By applying this formula, you will save a lot of money.

Before starting the construction of a house from a bar, many consumers ask themselves: how much timber is needed for the construction of the proposed structure. To answer this question, you can go two ways:

• Use the beam calculator;
• Read the article below about calculation of the amount of timber needed to build a house.

And if everything is more or less clear with a calculator, then it is much more difficult to do it yourself. Let's look into this issue.

Factors affecting the amount of timber needed to build a house.

The main thing to consider when calculating the amount of timber per house is:

• What type of timber will be used in construction;
• How much timber do we need;
• How many units of timber are in 1 cubic meter;
• Features of the project of a house from a bar or a cottage.

Calculation of building timber in cubic meters.

And so, how calculate the amount of timber in 1 cubic meter by the simplest method? It should be noted that the following example is not exact. To make a more accurate calculation, you must have a project of the future home.

To calculate the amount of timber in 1m 3, you must:

• Calculate the perimeter of the building;
• Multiply the perimeter by the height;
• The product of the perimeter and the height must be multiplied by the thickness of the product.

For our case, the formula will look like this: V \u003d h * b * l \u003d 0.15 * 0.15 * 6 \u003d 0.135 m 3,

• h is the height of the beam;
• b- width;
• l- length.

We find out how many units of lumber are in 1 cube as follows: 1 / 0.135 \u003d 7.41 pieces.

After carrying out all the above calculations, we will get the result of the number of cubes of timber required to build a building.

To calculate the beam, which will be needed to finish the interior walls, we use a similar method. Let's take a specific example, how to calculate the amount of timber for a bath 5 * 10 meters, 3 meters high.

We will conditionally determine that the size of 150 * 150 mm will be used during construction.

• (5 m - width + 10 m length) × 2 \u003d 30 m - the perimeter of the building.
• 30 perimeter × 3 height = 90 m 2 - wall area.
• 90 area × 0.15 material thickness = 13.5 m 3 - needed to build a box from a 5 × 10 beam 3 m high.

In such a simple way, we calculated the amount of timber for the walls, which is 13.5 m 3. But, you need to take into account that due to the presence of window and door openings, the amount of material used will be less than the calculated one.

Often, craftsmen do not take this moment into account, it is believed that it would be even better to add about 20% in reserve, as a result we will get: 13.5 + 20% = 16.2 m 3 of timber is necessary for a 5 * 10 m building.

Features of the beam, which must be taken into account in the calculation.

When building a house from a bar, the crown is laid first, which should be slightly thicker than the main bar. The first crown is made of a thicker beam, in the future the mass of the whole house will press on it, so it is additionally recommended to treat it with machine oil or an antiseptic.

In the above calculation, this nuance was not taken into account, it must be calculated separately.

Calculation of the beam in units.

After you have calculated the amount of timber in m 3, you can easily find out how much timber will be needed in units (pieces).

Consider a table of common sizes for this 6m long product:

Table of the amount of timber in 1 m 3 for calculating timber per house.

In the above example, where we indicated the cubature of the beam for the bath, we will carry out a further calculation of materials in pieces.

In order to calculate the amount of material per house in pieces, we carry out such a calculation, for this the sum of 13.5 m 3 must be divided by the cubic volume of the used timber, in our case it is equal to 0.135 m3: 13.5: 0.135 = 100 pieces.

If you correctly calculate the amount of timber in pieces, then when buying a timber, you will be able to control whether the seller ships all the material to you.

The thickness and height of the beam.

The material can have different thickness and height, the following are the main dimensions:

• 100*100 mm.
• 100*150 mm.
• 150*150 mm.
• 150*200 mm.
• 200*200 mm.

If everything is clear with the height, the higher the timber, the fewer interventional seams, the faster construction work is carried out, and naturally, the number of pieces of timber for building a house decreases. But the width in this case is more important, especially when building for all-season living.

Attention: Sometimes timber manufacturers indicate the dimensions of the timber, which may differ from the real ones, for example, a timber of 150x150 mm actually has a size of 140x140 mm.

The consequences of buying such a beam will be very deplorable, if a beam of 150x150 mm in size is needed for a height of 3 meters, 20 pieces, then with a size of 140x140 mm - 21 pieces and a half, and this is one and a half crown rows.

If you plan to live in the house all year round, it is recommended to use a 200 mm thick timber. It is also necessary to take care of the insulation of the walls made of timber, the best option would be polystyrene foam or mineral wool 10 cm thick.

When constructing a bath, it is advisable to use a material thickness of 150 mm, it is quite enough to maintain the temperature for a short time. Well, if you still decide to build a country house for a summer vacation, then in this case the walls of a 100x100 mm beam will be just right.

Building a wooden house is a rather expensive option, since high-quality lumber is expensive. Because of this, it is especially important to correctly calculate the amount of timber that will be required for the construction of the building.

The amount of lumber is measured in cubic meters: since the timber has the correct shape and a square or rectangular section, it will not be difficult to calculate how much timber is in a cubic meter and determine how much material you need to purchase for a building of a certain area. How to calculate the cubic capacity of a bar for a house?

Basic calculation formula

The calculation of the cubic capacity of a house from a bar is based on several main parameters:

• Bar section. Thermal insulation characteristics depend on the thickness of the material, therefore this parameter is especially important not for summer cottages, but for capital construction. The most common option is a bar with a section of 150x150 mm. This is enough to build a warm house, while it is inexpensive.
• The linear dimensions of the house. It is important to calculate not only the length and height of the walls, but also the number of other additional elements that require timber: these are rafters, floor and ceiling beams, etc. They also need to be included in the calculations, since it is better to immediately purchase all the necessary material.
• It is also necessary to take into account the type of timber used. Profiled timber differs in its geometric structure, so its quantity is calculated specifically.

How to calculate the cubic capacity of a house from a bar? The basic calculation formula is as follows: the volume of the beam = the length of the walls of the house * the height of the walls * the thickness of the beam. Let's take a closer look at the calculation example:

It is necessary to build a house from a bar with a wall height of 2 m, a wall thickness of 150 mm, the length of the walls of the house is 6x9 meters. It is planned to build a five-wall frame, therefore, the material for the construction and the fifth wall must be included in the calculations.

It turns out: 36 linear meters (the perimeter of the house) is multiplied by 3 m (wall height) and 0.15 m (beam thickness). As a result, it turns out that the construction of such a house will require the purchase of 16.2 cubic meters. m. timber. It is on this figure that suppliers will be guided.

In this case, it is necessary to subtract from the resulting amount the volume of timber, which will be saved on window and door openings. The result will be the quantity that you need to focus on when buying. If you need to calculate the cubic capacity of the timber per house, you need to round the calculations up. It often happens that at least a small part of the material is defective, so there may be a shortage.

Calculation of the volume of timber for floor and ceiling beams

It is also necessary to include a beam on logs, beams and other elements in the calculation. Their number depends on the type of rafter system chosen, on the size of the house and some other parameters. Basic provisions:

The standard distance between floor and ceiling beams is 0.8-1 meter, beam dimensions for beams are 100x150 mm. The number of beams per house is calculated as follows: the total length of the building is divided by the step length, one is subtracted from the resulting value. That is, if the length of the building is 10 meters, with a step of 0.9 m, 10 beams will be required: divide 10 by 0.9 and subtract 1.

The standard length of one beam will be 6 meters, which means that 60 linear meters of timber will be required. Since the cross section and length are known, it will not be difficult to calculate the volume: 0.1x60x0.15 \u003d 0.9 cubic meters. m. At the same time, it is advisable to purchase 1 cubic meter, so that under any force majeure circumstances you do not have to buy additional material.

Calculation of the number of timber per truss system

More complex calculations will be required for the rafter system of the house. Most often, ordinary gable roofs are used in suburban construction, and the slope will depend on the type of material chosen.

The larger it is, the less snow will linger, but the load from the wind will increase. Consider the calculation for a standard roof with a slope of 45 degrees.

The standard distance between the rafters is 60 cm; material with a section of 100x150 mm is used for them. At the same time, the smaller the rafter step, the smaller the thickness they can have due to the distribution of loads. Calculations are performed as follows:

Independent calculations take a lot of time, so sometimes it's easier to use a special calculator that can be found on construction sites. The main parameters of the building are driven into the program, after which the main calculation will be performed.

However, it must be remembered that any calculator gives only an approximate result, which must be rounded up. The result of the calculations is multiplied by the average cost of timber in the region: as a result, you can get the approximate cost of building materials for the house.

The correct calculation of the cubic capacity of the timber will allow you to make the most accurate estimate and avoid unnecessary costs. Many construction companies offer a free estimate, and you can compare several options in advance. It is necessary to discuss possible savings options with the architect, then the construction will not require sudden additional costs and will be as effective as possible.

It does not matter whether you have found a decent construction company or decided to make a house out of timber with your own hands - at some stage you just need to calculate the amount of lumber required to build it. What do you need to know for this? Firstly, how much and what kind of timber is needed for the house. Secondly, how much is approximately in one cubic meter. And only then you can carry out a simple calculation of the cost of construction and even draw up an approximate estimate.

We calculate the amount (consumption) of timber per house

Immediately make a reservation that all the calculations below for the amount of timber per house are approximate. More accurate volumes of the required material can be determined based on the specific project of a wooden house. On walls made of timber, the cubature of lumber can be calculated as follows:

• calculate the perimeter of the house;
• multiply the perimeter by the height of the floor;
• we multiply the obtained value by the thickness of the timber used to build the house;
• as a result, we have the number of cubes that is necessary for the construction of one floor

If, in addition to external walls, the presence of internal partitions (also made of timber) is also implied, then they are additionally taken into account. If desired, you can calculate not only how much timber is needed per house in terms of volume, but also in pieces. To do this, it is enough to divide the resulting volume by the volume of the piece product.

Let's give a specific example: it is necessary to build a small one-story house 5 × 7 m with a simple attic and one partition. Ceiling - 3 m. In this case, a beam with a cross section, for example, 150 × 150 mm, will be used. The pediment will also be laid out of timber. Our calculations will look like this:
- the perimeter of the house, taking into account the length of the partition: (5 + 7)? 2 + 5 \u003d 33 m;
- the volume of the walls of the first floor: 33? 3? 0.15? 15 cubic meters;
- the cubic capacity of the beam that went to the pediment is considered approximately as half of the material required for the construction of two walls 5 m long and 3 m high: 5? 3? 0.15 \u003d 2.25 cubic meters.
In total, about 17.25 cubic meters will go to the walls. timber or, taking into account 20% of the stock, about 20 cubic meters. m. material. But it should be understood that here we did not take into account, for example, floor beams made of glued laminated timber (regular or profiled), as well as other design features: window and door openings, for example, on the contrary, will reduce the need for lumber. Therefore, you can safely add 5 cubes. As a result of such approximate calculations, it turns out that the construction of our house will take about 25 cubic meters of timber.

How many timber in a cube

Simple calculations allow not only to calculate the cubic capacity of a beam per house, but also to determine almost the exact number of beams. This is easy to do: it is enough to know the required volume of lumber and the volume of a piece product. It remains only to divide the first by the second - we get how many pieces of beams are needed to build a house. Below we have presented a table in which we examined the most common cross-sectional dimensions with a material length of 6 meters.

Beam dimensions

The size of the timber used in the construction of the house matters, but everything must be approached from the point of view of economic feasibility. It is, for the most part, about the thickness of the walls and the heat-conducting characteristics of the material. Below we will consider the issue of timber thickness in two cases: during the construction of a summer (country) house and a building for permanent residence.

Thickness and width

The width of the beam should worry the developer only if it is planned to permanently live in a house built from it, and even then not always - after all, any wooden wall can be insulated with effective thermal insulation, thereby avoiding losses for "street heating". So, if you plan to build an ordinary country house, then it is quite possible to use a material with a cross section of 100 × 100 mm. Using the usual unplaned material, you still have to solve issues with facade cladding and interior decoration, dealing, for the most part, with the problems of the aesthetics of the house. But when building a house for permanent residence, it is better to use a profiled timber with a width of 150 mm or more. In this case, you still have to insulate the walls. As for the thickness, everything is simpler here - it just depends on the number of beams needed to build walls. But, meanwhile, this also affects the number of seams between the crowns. Summarizing the above:

• the thickness and width of the timber for a country house practically does not matter (for seasonal living in the warm season);
• for permanent residence, you can choose a material of greater width, but you still have to insulate the walls. And you can save on the cubic capacity of the timber, while relying on high-quality insulation - it will turn out cheaper and more efficiently in terms of reducing heat losses

So, in order to build a really warm house only from a bar, the thickness of its walls for the Moscow region should be about half a meter. The same effect will be when using a bar 150 × 150 and 10-15 cm of thermal insulation.

Please note that not all manufacturers and sellers of lumber are honest with their customers: you can often encounter a situation where the dimensions of the beam section are less than those indicated. For example, a bar 150x200 actually turns out to be a material with dimensions of 140x190 or even less. Be sure to check the actual parameters of the timber before buying! This will help you not to get into a mess, save money and nerves!

Estimate for a house from a bar

Before you decide on the choice of a construction company that will build your house, you should start monitoring offers. How to determine the most cost-effective option? Everything is very simple - request an estimate for a house made of timber according to a selected standard or individual project. In such an estimate, ALL costs associated with the construction of the house should be indicated. This includes the cost of all building materials, and in fact, the payment for the implementation of all types of construction work.

Having chosen several construction companies that you liked, you should request an estimate for a house made of timber. Normal companies offer them for free. It is noteworthy that different firms have estimates for the same buildings that can differ not only by 10-20%, but also at times - it all depends on the appetites of the builders. It is advisable to have on hand the most detailed list of works and materials required for building a house according to your project. This is the only way you can avoid unforeseen expenses that usually pop up already at the stage of building a house.

If desired, an estimate for the house can be compiled independently: for this, it is necessary to calculate the consumption of all materials and multiply their quantity by the average price. To this, you will have to add an amount of approximately 50-100% of the cost of building materials - the price of work. You will get a very approximate calculation of the cost of a house made of timber, but it can be used to analyze offers from specialized companies.

A log house is relevant, but far from always convenient, since the walls need to be leveled with sheathing, a wooden profile is much more practical, so sometimes it’s better calculate the amount of timber per house.

What you need to know to calculate the amount of timber per house?

- is it a little, or a lot, and how many crowns of the house will this amount of timber be enough for? In fact, this is not such a large number of products from the woodworking industry. In particular, six-meter bars with a width and height of 200 millimeters each will amount to only 4.17 pieces, or, since sellers like to round down, only 4 units. True, if you need more than 10 cubes, such rounding can play a cruel joke, and you will miss one or even two lumber that you need so much. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the amount of timber per house as accurately as possible.

To begin with, determine the dimensions of the future building, that is, the length and height of the walls, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwindow and door openings, the step frequency of the crossbars (it is unlikely that you will pour a monolithic concrete slab in a wooden house). You will also need to take into account the height of the rafter legs, and if the gables are made in the same style as the building, then their geometry. In other words, immediately estimate where your timber will be used, and include all the nuances in the calculations. Also immediately consider using profiled, glued or unplaned beams, the latter are cheaper, but will decrease somewhat in size after processing in place.

As for overall dimensions, from the existing options with a section of 100x100, 150x100, 120x120, 140x140, 150x150, 200x150, 180x180 and 200x200 centimeters, the golden mean is usually chosen. Dimensions 150x150 fully meet the requirements for timber, both in terms of thermal conductivity and ease of assembly. Reducing the dimensions will lead to an increase in the amount of materials, which means more labor costs, even if the volume in cubes is the same. An increase in size will mean an increase in the cost of the timber, its mass.

We use the beam calculator in practice

Since it is rare for anyone to buy (and sell) lumber by the piece, when tens or hundreds of units of one type or another are required, we need to determine how many cubic meters of lumber to purchase. To do this, you need to know the dimensions of the house, and since they are reflected in the plan, it is enough to include them in the beam calculator. Let's say a small country cottage is being built 6x5 meters, with a ceiling height of 3 meters. It is best to buy a corresponding six-meter wooden profile. Knowing the height of the wall, we divide it by the side of the section of the lumber we have chosen. Since we previously settled on dimensions of 150x150 centimeters, we get 3 / 0.15 \u003d 20 bars, which will make up the wall of the building.

I must say that insulation is usually placed between the crowns, which should increase the height, however, the shrinkage of the wooden profile compensates for this error in our calculation. We add a plinth crown, which gives 21 beams, and then we calculate how many similar woodworking products will be obtained in the entire building. To do this, we multiply the result we obtained earlier by 4 (by the number of walls). However, it is unlikely that there will be one room in the house, so the fifth wall immediately appears, the inner one, which can also be capital, taking into account the minimum span of 5 meters. So, we multiply by 5. As a result, it turns out that 105 bars will be needed to build a house. Too much? Let's see how we can save.

Recall that the rooms should have windows and doors, which mean the presence of fair openings. Suppose the entrance from the street is planned in a five-meter facade, exactly in the middle, and it will be exactly one meter wide. Since here the crowns are a meter shorter than the actual length of the timber, it turns out that we need 2-meter segments to form the doorway. Then from every two bars you get exactly three crowns on this side. If the inner door between the rooms is on the edge, four-meter profiles will be needed there, the trimmings of which can also be used to create an external opening. Thus, for every three crowns of this wall, we save one beam until the jumper is laid over the entrance.

Sometimes the ends of the sawn timber, which the house is made of, sawn in the form of spikes, in the door and window openings rest against the groove of the riser, the width of which is equal to the thickness of the wall.

If the door height is 2.1 meters, we will have 14 crowns, that is, there will be 4 six-meter wooden profiles in the balance. In the same way, you can save on windows by correctly arranging them in the general layout of the premises, and then, quite possibly, you will need not 105, but some 98 bars. Use those that you can guess for the attic floor and fastening the rafters, since such material will not work as interfloor lags, you need a profile there, the sides of which are related as 7: 5, and the height is the first in proportion.

How to calculate the cube of timber per house - the simplest method

We have already obtained the result necessary for further calculations, namely, the number of wooden profiles that will be needed for construction. Now you need to determine how to calculate the cube of timber per house, and how much lumber is needed. Knowing the dimensions of the product of the woodworking industry, from which the crowns are knitted, it is not difficult to obtain its volume. In our case, this will be the formula V = h . b . l = 0.15 . 0.15 . 6 = 0.135 cubic meters, here h- beam height, b is the width, and l- length. We find out how many units of lumber are in 1 cube as follows: 1 / 0.135 \u003d 7.41 pieces. So much may not be sold, sellers do not like sawing a six-meter beam, so they can cut it down to 7, or you will have to pay up to 8 beams.

But, since we need a lot of materials, and we know that the number of profiles will be an integer, we calculate how many cubic meters of a wooden profile will have to be transported to the site. We multiply the total quantity by the volume of one, let's say we managed to save money and really got 98 bars, then we get 0.135 . 98 = 13.23 cubes. However, all these calculations can be eliminated using the following table.

The number of timber in 1 cubic meter for calculating the beam on the house

You can also go the simpler way. To do this, we calculate the perimeter of the house, multiply it by the height of the walls and get the total area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe outer surface of the building, with the exception of the roof. Next, we subtract the area of ​​window and door openings, if high accuracy is needed, or leave it as is, if the savings are not critical. The calculation is completed by multiplying by the thickness of the beam. In our case, the short formula will look like this V = P. H. b=27. 3 . 0.15 \u003d 12.15 cubic meters excluding the basement crown and based on the fact that 3 walls are 5 meters each. As you can see, such a calculation is less accurate, since the length of all lumber is 6 meters, and we took many for five meters.