Houses with a basement made of timber. Building a basement from foundation blocks

Projects wooden houses from ground floor enjoy great interest. They are actively viewed and discussed on forums, they calculate the savings and benefits of building such buildings, and find out the shortcomings. What caused the lively interest in these houses, and what is special about them? Let's try to figure out the details.

What is a basement

In non-professional language, the basement floor can be defined as follows: "a floor located below the 1st floor and half "drowned" underground." In the language of construction normative documents a basement is a floor in which the upper ceiling mark is not higher than 2 meters from the ground mark, and the floor is located below this mark at a height of no more than ½ of the total height of the premises.

Although the construction of a private house with an exploited basement is not a cheap undertaking, people are ready to invest a lot of money in order to get additional usable area without increasing the perimeter of the foundation. Ground floor in wooden houses from a bar has long ceased to be a curiosity, and such projects are in ever-increasing demand.

Advantages and features of a house with a basement

Houses with a basement are often called one and a half storey. In fact, they don’t walk in the basement, crouching down, and don’t use it exclusively for household purposes, such as a basement. An additional level in a residential building is, in fact, full floor, often even daylight, which makes it possible to place rooms and premises for almost any purpose there.

Benefits of a basement

1. A significant advantage of such houses can be considered the compactness of accommodating a large number of premises in the existing development spot.
2. The construction of the basement attracts even if it is too small land plot, or restrictions on the height of the building existing in the area.
3. A big plus is the ability to remove auxiliary or rarely visited (but necessary!) Rooms from the core: all kinds of storerooms, laundries, etc.
4. The basement is traditionally used for recreation areas, gyms and sports halls, billiard rooms, baths and saunas, as well as wine cellars and storage facilities for winter preparations.
5. If the house is built on a site with a pronounced slope, some of the premises can be equipped with full-size windows, which will significantly expand the functions of the basement floor. At the same time, you can arrange an additional exit to the site, which is completely impossible to do if the house is built on flat ground.
6. The basement protects lower crowns home from negative impact moisture, extending its life.

Cons of the basement

1. A significant disadvantage is the threat of soil or Wastewater, erosion of the foundation and leakage through walls and ceilings. Numerous cases of mold and mildew have been reported. Getting rid of these troubles is difficult and costly. Waterproofing must be super reliable, made of the highest quality materials.
2. To organize safe living in houses with a basement, you need to invest significant financial resources, both in the construction itself and in the device engineering communications. Special attention it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of waterproofing, insulation and ventilation of the lowest rooms.
3. Feng Shui adherents do not recommend sleeping in the basement, believing that heavy energy associated with the other world comes from the earth. Therefore, it is healthier to take a place under the bedroom on the ground floor or in the attic. To follow this advice or not is up to the owner of the house. SNiPs do not prohibit equipping bedrooms below ground zero.
4. Like it or not, but the environmental performance in rooms without daylight is much worse. permanent artificial lighting affects the vision and well-being of a person.

Installation: secrets and subtleties

1. For builders timber houses who have extensive experience in the construction of basement floors, are known technological subtleties, which they take into account during construction:
2. Well done drainage. It will reduce the risk of dampness in the house.
3. High-quality waterproofing. IN concrete mix it is recommended to apply modified additives and quartz sand. They improve water resistance.
4. Drainage system. It is preferable to build wooden houses with a sinking, rather than protruding, plinth. Then there will be no need for a separate drain system.
5. Durable interfloor overlap. Despite the fact that timber is used in the construction of the house, it is better to make the floor of the basement floor monolithic concrete. It can easily support the weight of the above-ground part of the house.
6. Refusal to place a garage under the house. There are two alternatives: either you need to spend money on an expensive system forced ventilation, or residents will have to inhale exhaust gases and odors from the garage into the living rooms.

The basement in a house made of timber is very attractive project. But it is necessary to take a decision on the construction without haste. It is important to take into account all the positive and negative properties and calculate the costs of its further maintenance. If everything coincided - you need to build and become the happy owner log house with a comfortable basement.

Our catalog contains more than 130 projects of timber houses

We have own production. More than a dozen brigades, all the workers are Slavs.

A log cottage is an ideal place for permanent residence all family. How to increase the useful area of ​​​​the house and get enough space for storing things, placing utility buildings? The company "Ekosrub" proposes to consider the construction of the basement: the investment will certainly pay off, as the customer will receive a whole level for his needs.

The construction of this element is possible only on stable soils that are not subject to flooding. The construction of a house from a bar with a basement needs a number of organizational measures: waterproofing walls, drainage, insulation. However, all this will certainly pay off, as the final cost of the project increases slightly.

The basement provides a number of benefits:

In addition, log houses with a basement have an attractive appearance. This is an indicator of prosperity, practicality, a special pride of a wealthy person. Wood located as high above the ground as possible suffers less from the impact. ground water. The arrangement of the basement can be combined with the construction of the foundation, so the costs will be significantly reduced.

However, the construction of a basement floor is not an easy task, since first it is necessary to conduct competent geodetic reconnaissance. For this purpose, the company "Ekosrub" attracts the necessary specialists with modern equipment. As a result, the customer will receive maximum comfort and convenience for their money, having received high-quality, competent work.

On the ground floor you can place various rooms:

All communications can be placed in the basement (heating, water supply, gas equipment). Special purpose the basement floor should be specified by the project in order to avoid unpleasant surprises in the future. For example, converting a gym into a swimming pool is almost impossible without additional research.

How to get started?

Before building a house from a bar with a basement, you must select a suitable project or order the development of individual drawings. In the future, the employees of the Ecosrub company will study the geodetic working conditions and make their opinion on whether the task is feasible in a particular area. In some cases, a thorough waterproofing of the structure may be required, but this is not difficult to deal with.

Immediately after this, the special equipment is engaged in the selection of soil and digging a foundation pit, where it will be laid solid foundation. The construction of the basement floor is much cheaper than the construction of other tiers of the cottage. As soon as the basement is erected, and the concrete has gained strength, you can begin to assemble the cottage from a bar. This is the cheapest construction method available for implementation in various conditions.

At the facilities of the company "Ekosrub" ordinary and profiled timber is produced. It undergoes the necessary drying, coating special impregnations. All this significantly improves the quality of wood - spruce from Kostroma region, increases its strength. Optimal Level wood moisture content ensures minimal shrinkage, long term building services.

Each of us sees our home differently. But regardless of the choice of building material, functionality and comfort of living are at the forefront. Ground floor in log house- it is very practical and convenient.

Before studying the technical details of building a house from a bar with a plinth, it is necessary to deal with the question of the benefits of this option.

Many of us think that the basement is a large basement. But it is worth noting that it can be different and has its own characteristics.

The socle, not intended for finding people, is called the technical underground. It is used, as a rule, for storage of stocks or laying of communications. Depending on the height, it can be impassable, semi-passage or passable. If the basement is 2/3 below ground level, it does not have window openings, then it is called the basement. If temperature regime indoors below +15 degrees, then it is called the cellar.

The construction of the basement in a house made of timber is a floor slab and walls, which can be located along the perimeter of the slab or rest on the slab. In the latter case, almost slab foundation which is recessed to floor level. Such a decision is justified high level groundwater and for heavy buildings. In the first case, it is assumed that strip foundation, the floor slab can be relatively thin, since the entire load from the house from the timber will lie on the strip foundation.

As practice shows, the durability and final cost will largely depend on the choice of method for manufacturing the base.

Projects of houses from a bar with a basement

The ground floor is an operated room, that is, with access for permanent or temporary stay of people. The floor level on the basement floor is below ground level around the building.

A house made of timber with a basement is a lot of benefits for the owner. In addition to additional space, the client receives a multifunctional room, where there may be a boiler room, a garage, a billiard room, gym, sauna or workshop. Thus, it turns out "a house under the house."

The design of private houses or cottages provides not only interior layout and location of rooms. At this stage, the design features the building itself. The building can be with a basement, without a basement or with a basement, which is divided into above-ground and underground parts. The floor level of the basement floor is below the planning level of the ground, while its height does not exceed 150-160 cm (approximately half of one floor). This type of building increases the useful meters of housing by an area equal to the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe entire house. Therefore, if there is an additional quadrature, there is no need to occupy a personal territory. Ready-made projects of houses with a basement greatly simplify the choice of the best housing option in accordance with the personal needs of the developer and with the geodetic characteristics of a particular site.

Doesn't look very good big house It has additional premises: from an ordinary pantry to a garage for a car

Features of the construction of the base

If a house project is selected where there is a basement, before starting construction works a complex of measures for geodetic surveys is necessarily carried out. Terrain studies allow you to find out at what depth the aquifer is. It is necessary to erect such buildings only on a site where groundwater occurs at a considerable depth, otherwise construction costs will increase significantly, due to the creation of a reliable waterproofing protection. The easiest way to order construction typical house with ground floor. Projects and prices are presented in catalogs on websites construction companies. All works - from geodetic surveys to finishing works- performed by a company specializing in this type of service.

Pros and cons of a house with a basement

The construction of a residential building with a recessed part is justified by the appearance the following benefits:

usable space houses are unloaded from sanitary and technical premises, which are most conveniently placed on the basement floor.

The issue is being resolved floor insulation first floor.

Less cost for underfloor heating

is increasing total area of ​​the building, including living space.

are improving living conditions. Residential and technical premises are located under one roof.

Reduced costs. No need to build separately standing buildings that occupy the homestead territory.

No gasket problems communication networks.

Also it is necessary to take into account some shortcomings:

Big volume of earthwork and concrete works with subsequent disposal or removal of soil.

In most cases you will need use special equipment, especially if buried foundation built from blocks and floor slabs. Renting a crane increases the cost of construction.

elevated waterproofing requirements underground part of a residential building, blind area and drainage system.

Lack of enough street light And high flow electricity from artificial lighting.

What is placed on the ground floor

Developing projects of cottages with a basement, experts offer options for using the premises. The floor under the main house is not intended for living, but can be posted here:

Boiler room and communication networks.

Workshop.

For example, it could be a carpentry workshop

Gym.

Sauna or bath.

Billiard room and home theater.

Additional kitchen and shower room.

Storage room and basement, where it is convenient to store various things and products. If the average annual temperature is from +12 to +15°C, then such premises can completely replace a wine cellar.

The number and parameters of rooms depend on the total area of ​​​​the basement floor.

It is rational to build a residential building with a basement on an elevated area. If the backyard area is small and there is no possibility to place other operated buildings - a garage, a workshop, summer kitchen, basement, shower.

It is not recommended to build a basement in areas where there is seasonal flooding or groundwater close to the surface. In order for the building to be fully operational, it will be necessary to create a complex drainage system, as well as the purchase of expensive equipment is not excluded.

The price of a house with a basement in Moscow

The cost of a residential building with a basement directly depends on the following factors:

Floors.

General area.

The terrain and type of soil on the site.

The overall complexity of the project.

Such a house will require a lot of attention for the basement floor, as it must support the weight of the top two floors.

On our website you can get acquainted with the most from the construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Depths of aquifers.

Excavation and concrete works.

Arrangement of drainage and ventilation systems for creating optimal microclimate in basements.

Also, the total cost of the house is affected by the material from which it is built. It can be a brick, expanded clay concrete blocks, gas or foam blocks, a log or a bar. And also, the price of a house with a turnkey basement floor, even if a standard project, will increase if changes are made to it. Significant difference from standard project in the direction of increase is observed at individual design, which can be ordered in Moscow.

Video description

About the cost of building a basement, see the video:

Projects of houses with a basement

Residential projects country houses with a basement constitute a separate category. Due to the numerous advantages, the popularity of such buildings is constantly growing. Developers are offered several options for such housing.

Projects can be very different - there is always big choice

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

One-story houses with a basement

In order to save Money and increasing the total area of ​​​​housing, many developers prefer one-story buildings with a room in the basement.

These buildings can be used different variants location living rooms and technical rooms. During construction country cottages a deepened foundation of a reinforced structure is used. Basically, a tape or monolithic type of base is erected, which are distinguished by labor-intensive earthen and concrete work. The cost of a foundation with a plinth is about 20% of the cost of the entire building.

In a small one-story house on the ground floor can be placed utility rooms freeing up space on the top floor

The rooms located on the lower level may duplicate the location of the upper rooms, or their layout and size are different. Due to the maximum deepening into the ground, which is slightly more than half of one floor, the total height of the building practically does not increase. Vacation home with a deep foundation and a high plinth, it looks neat and solid.

To finish the basement, modern facing materials are used - plaster, clinker, polymer sand tiles, fake diamond, porcelain stoneware, vinyl siding with imitation under "stone", "brick". This housing option is suitable for comfortable living as a small family of 2-3 people, and for large families. total area is from 100 to 250 sq.m.

Houses with basement and garage

Choose projects one-story houses with a basement and a garage, people who seek to surround themselves with additional amenities. When operating such a residential building, the level of comfort increases. In order to get into the garage, you do not need to go outside, in addition, the car is in a warm room, so it does not require warming up even in cold weather.

Most practical option is a house with a basement and attached garage above which there are no rooms. Such projects save Construction Materials, and do not occupy the territory of the personal plot.

One-story cottage with basement and attached garage

Houses with basement and attic

The area of ​​​​the residential building can be increased by adding an additional floor. Optimal a budget option provides for the arrangement of not only the basement, but also the attic area. Designed finished projects houses with a basement and an attic are presented in a variety of options.

Architectural project of a house with an attic, a basement and a garage

Depending on the choice of architectural and structural solutions, the cost of the project varies over a wide range. The main difference between houses with an attic and a basement from two-storey cottages is lower construction costs, which is very important for developers who have to save on materials.

To prevent stairs from occupying usable area, select best option construction that requires less space. Projects with a balcony on the first and / or attic floors. The useful area of ​​such buildings is slightly inferior to cottages on 2 floors, ranging from 100 to 900 sq.m.

Conclusion

Projects of houses with a basement floor are in demand due to numerous advantages, from which one can highlight the increased amenities and comfort that are created under one roof. The presence of a semi-basement allows you to organize the space in the residential part of the building and equip the technical area as efficiently as possible.

Construction Materials

Petr Kravets

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Building a house from a bar with a basement is very profitable solution, allowing you to equip a useful additional area, without reducing the area or incurring large costs.

The ground floor is a room, a significant part of which is located below the ground level.

With proper construction and high-quality thermal insulation work, you can make it more than comfortable, even making it inside residential area, guest room or personal office.

Purpose of the basement

A house with a basement is the most common option during construction. As a rule, each owner tries, if possible, to free up the maximum space of the house.

Any house requires the arrangement of communications, moreover, it is necessary to place a large number of necessary and useful things that are not customary or not convenient to store in residential premises.

The spaciousness of the basement or basement allows you to use these areas for equipping a boiler room with units, to become a storage cellar, but there may be several other options:

• The basement can be made as a zone for doing what you love, a hobby. It is possible to equip a gym with exercise equipment or a workshop, make a place to store a collection of important and favorite items. Moreover, it will free up space in living rooms;
• Plinths in new buildings are provided for residential premises, rooms, apartments. You can make a personal space for solitude, or vice versa, arrange a meeting place with friends;
• IN basement basement can make a bath or sauna, you can make a pool. When used for commercial purposes, a separate entrance must be arranged.

The subtleties of using the basement must be taken into account when drafting the project, which determines the height of the walls and the applied thermal insulation materials. In any case, the plinth must be protected from the action of groundwater and the penetration of cold air.

Houses made of logs with a plinth, with well-made insulation, will be comfortable in operation for a long time.

Structures and materials for the basement

Houses from glued laminated timber with a basement can be made in different configurations of the foundation and basement.

It depends on the proximity of the occurrence of water in the soil and on quality characteristics soil. The height of the walls of the basement must be at least 2.5 meters, only in this case the basement can be called a full-fledged floor.

A wooden log house with a basement will be beautiful in appearance, functional in use and unusual in design as a result of combining materials with each other.

If the water is close to the surface, then it is necessary to arrange additional soil sprinkling, then the house will be located on a hill, an artificial site, but it must be understood that the arrangement of the basement will be much more expensive. The basis for it is made according to the following scheme:

The site is marked with fishing line and pegs. The purpose of this stage is to outline the contours of the house, indicating its location relative to the site.

It is necessary to observe the corners of the building so that they are perfectly even. Any flaws in the foundation after its construction is very difficult to correct.

With the help of an excavator they dig a pit, the depth for ordinary house is 1.8 m. As a rule, the excavator cannot level the edges of the pit, so they will have to be leveled with their own hands.

If the pit fills with water while digging, it must be pumped out. It would be rational to equip the drainage system before digging the pit.

In the places where they will be placed load-bearing wall and supporting elements, a trench should be laid with a depth of 1.3 m. The bottom is covered with rubble, which will give strength to the base. A reinforcement frame is laid in the trench, and the walls are additionally reinforced with boards.

The base, made in a monolithic way, is poured with concrete, which holds the entire structure on itself. wooden house with plinth.

The foundation is that part of the building on which savings are unacceptable. Both the strength of the foundation and its durability depend on the quality of the poured concrete. The plate is covered until it dries and acquires the necessary hardness.

The top layer must be periodically soaked with water so that there are no surface cracks. The base of the plinth is ready for further construction in 3 weeks.

As soon as the foundation is poured, you can begin the construction of the walls of the basement, using the material selected in advance.

The most durable and monolithic - reinforced concrete, as an option, you can use foundation blocks, which will reduce the cost of the structure being built and will allow the construction work to be completed sooner.

Building a basement from foundation blocks

Using the involved special equipment and the help of the construction team, the blocks are laid very quickly, and the walls can be completed in a couple of days. Make a layer between blocks cement mortar, and on top they make a strapping with a concrete reinforced belt.

It is he who is the basis of the ceiling, after the installation of which you can begin to build walls.

The concrete base of the basement requires the arrangement of a waterproofing layer, exactly like the outer walls. For these purposes, apply bituminous mastic, or roofing material, welded in several layers.

In the surface of the walls, it is necessary to provide holes for ventilation grommets, as well as for laying house communications cables.

A house with a plinth, built with beams, must be insulated, because cold penetrates into the house through the lower elements of the building and the building loses heat. A blind area is made around the perimeter of the building, which will remove moisture from precipitation and snowmelt in a natural way.