One-story frame house with a shed roof. Shed roof houses: advantages, projects of one-, two-story houses and cottages

Shed roof, according to contemporary architects, is of major decisive importance in the development of not only economy class housing, but also stylish housing. After all, the forces and costs that usually go to the construction of a multi-slope can now be directed to the exterior. For example, building a pool in front of the house or adding a barbecue terrace. And the rest of the shed roof is not inferior at all in anything.

Therefore, it does not mean at all that the house with shed roof it will turn out to be clumsy or too simple. On the contrary, by playing with the slope and direction of such a structure, roofing material and interior space, you will get a unique architectural design that no one you know will definitely have. And our website will make such a house inexpensive in construction and modern both inside and out!

Architectural Benefits of Shed Roofs

Of course, where gable roofs have existed for thousands of years, everything unusual seems ugly and ridiculous. But the Eiffel Tower in France in the early years of construction embarrassed the locals with its "simpleness".

The fashion for shed European villas came to the Russian expanses quite recently. And until now, individual architects are rebelling against this trend, calling mono-pitch roofs exclusively "barn" and arguing that clients do not even look at such projects.

But in fact, not only the customers of their future “dream house”, but self-builders with golden hands are increasingly making the roofs of their buildings precisely pitched, with different angles, directions and combinations with other roofs. Because, apart from the more dynamic look that only a sloped plane can give, shed roofs are actually more functional and even economical.

Most often in world practice, shed roofs can be found in Finnish houses, which are known for their pleasant combination of modesty and restraint:

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In warm and hot countries, houses with a shed roof are especially popular: no insulation is needed from the inside, the design always looks original, and such a roof is much cheaper in terms of costs. That's northern countries began to adopt this useful fashion.

For example, not so long ago, a new type of residential building was created in Norway - high-tech, with a shed roof with a slope of 19 °. It generates energy on its own solar panels on the roof: the atrium has enough thermal mass to store enough heat during the day and release it all night. And not only to give, but also to provide the whole house with electricity.

And for water heating of walls and floors, rainwater heated by the sun is used, which flows down the shed roof directly into the drain. With an ordinary gable or hip roof, all this would not have been possible to realize!

Is it worth it to make a “one-slope” for a residential building?

Until recently, shed roofs could not be called popular in Russia. It so happened historically that due to the winds and heavy snows in this country, it was gable roofs that proved to be the most practical, which were sharp in snowier regions, and gentler in more windy ones.

And purely visually, the indigenous population is accustomed to seeing roofs with a slope of at least 30-40 ° on houses, where there is a traditional attic for storing a variety of things. And shed roofs carry such inconveniences:

1. An incomprehensible space at the upper Mauerlat. You don’t use it under the attic, but the attic turns out to be unusual. Leave without an attic - then the whole geometry interior will seem broken and cause discomfort.
2. On a shed roof, rainwater exerts twice as much pressure as on a gable roof. Why? It's simple: all the liquid that gets on it flows along one slope until it falls to the ground. And if you take and break this slope in half, with a “house”, now the water will be divided at the ridge into two streams. And this is twice the amount and influx. This is why shed roofs are problematic in terms of leaks, especially if the choice of roofing material is wrong.
3. A shed roof is one integral plane, and this is a real sail. That's why during storms and strong winds It is these roofs that suffer the most.
4. The need for a strong truss system. The load here is always less distributed than that of a gable roof, and therefore the rafters will have to be made thicker and stronger.
5. Sophisticated ventilation system, which is sometimes not paid any attention at all, and then surprised short term services of such roofs.
6. Another disadvantage of such a roof is that it will have to be cleaned during heavy snowfalls, otherwise the roofing material may break and building system. And on ordinary days, on the contrary, the snow itself descends from such a roof, and not like an avalanche, but gradually.
7. Unpopularity of experiments. Even more: neither the rich nor the poor want to risk their own investments in construction, and the designers completely fall into despair from any unusual roof.

Because of all these reasons, shed roofs in our country in 99% of cases are found only in baths, garages and summer country houses. Although at the same time, in a region with little snow and not very windy, such a roof could bring many bonuses, including the same unusual stylish design.

Frame houses with a pitched roof are considered the most energy-efficient. This is not taking into account the fact that the area of ​​​​the southern wall in such a house will be the largest, and the northern wall - the smallest. Now see the difference with gable projects? Moreover, the northern side itself is still being built without windows, and serves as one of the walls of the utility room: a boiler room, a boiler room or a supply room, where garden tools are stored. But the presence of an attic under the roof in private construction is already considered obsolete.

A shed roof is remarkable in that it has:

• Simple design. So simple that with a small private construction, they don’t even make particularly accurate calculations for it. There is no need to adjust the slopes to each other, to achieve the identity of their weight and load on the walls. There is no need for complex support systems, which are often found in other types of roofs.
• High practicality. In addition to the main functions of the roof, with a minimum angle of inclination, it is also used as an open area for a variety of purposes.
• Reliability. Due to its simplicity and unpretentiousness, such a roof is actually also the most reliable among all others.

And from the practical aspects, we highlight the following:

1. The ability to arrange a house without an attic and the problems associated with it.
2. The original geometry of the ceiling, which is used as a separate design element.
3. The absence of a ridge and cracks under it.
4. Ability to withdraw rain water and snow from the roof only in one direction - where the slope is inclined. This is important if people are walking right in front of your house (like on the streets of the city) or if you have laid out a beautiful garden and do not want to flood it in the rain.

And, of course, the simplicity of construction work:

Know-how: shed roof combinations

There is one new architectural fashion: the gable roof, which consists of two single-slope, but not joined at the ridge. And technologically, we are still talking about two separate shed roofs, which are built according to all the rules. And in the middle they place either a flat part or an open terrace between the two halves of the house. Incredibly successful and functional solution, we note, which allows you to add more natural light to the house.

Shed roof houses are recognized all over the world as the most favorable in terms of energy saving. Which is not surprising, because the cube also takes the first place in this regard, and what then is such a house, if not a cube?

Now we will reveal a secret to you: it's all about compactness. Any structure is called compact if it has, as far as possible, the minimum area of ​​all external surfaces. So, a house is sometimes built according to rather intricate projects, when almost every room has three external walls, plus an even more complex roof. And sometimes it happens that the rooms have only one such wall, and the roof is generally shed.

What is the point? The fewer such external surfaces that come into contact with cold outdoor air, the warmer the house itself will be. That's why compactness is so important in construction!

In this design, everything is simple: shed roofs are built according to the same patterns, but are based on two parallel Mauerlat-runs. And the main plus is that such a non-spacer construction does not “push apart” the walls of the house with its pressure, and, therefore, to the very frame structure already much less requirements for strength. True, in such a house there must be at least two internal walls.

And also in modern architecture relatively recently, a new style has appeared: roofs united into a single whole, which have a slope in different directions.

Modern frame house: from the foundation to the roof

Frame house with a shed roof is a building made of lumber and fixed wood panels. The frame of such a house itself must be built either from metal or from hardwood timber. It is solid, while the rafters on the roof should be made just from conifers. Now let's explain.

The fact is that solid woods tend to keep their geometric shape and not change over time: they do not dry out, do not shrink, do not twist. And, of course, in bending, due to such properties, they work poorly. And here conifers they are just good because they do an excellent job with dynamic loads, which is why the walls are made static and strong, and the rafters are more flexible and withstand shrinkage of the house and a slight deflection due to snow.

Although wonderful houses are obtained on a metal frame:

Foundation for a frame house

under a small cottage easiest to do columnar foundation. But, if you are building a solid two-story frame house with a shed roof, the technology will be a little different.

The fact is that a simple columnar foundation is no longer suitable here. A frame house, worse than any other, endures seasonal ground movements, subsidence of the earth or other similar problems, and therefore experienced builders are advised to do it for it slab foundation. This one takes all the dynamic loads on itself, and the integrity of the frame is preserved.

Therefore, for two-story house make a base like this:

Or a more modern insulated Swedish stove:

Technologies of frame construction of walls

In total, there are two main technologies for frame construction.

Frame and panel technology

In this case, the frame house is built from different individual building materials: beams, cladding, insulation, interior decoration, vapor and waterproofing. All this is attached to the frame in its sequence, and as a result, we have a house that is no worse than a timber building in terms of quality.

Here good example construction using this technology:

And the main components of a house built using this technology look like this:

Frame-panel technology

To assemble such houses, a detailed project is initially made, according to which shields are already manufactured in the factory. required size. We are talking about multilayer panels, which already initially include inner lining, insulation and all types of insulation. All you have to do is attach these shields to the frame of your house, which only takes two days in total. As a result, the whole house, from design to roof arrangement, is built in just a week.

So, insulated SIP panels are the most popular in frame-shield technology. SIP is a wall panel designed to bear longitudinal loads. Frame house by Canadian technology, which just involves the use of SIP, turns out to be especially warm and holistic.

And during construction frame house From such a material, the following question arises: should the roof be made from the same material, or is it still traditional? With beams, rafters and lathing? The fact is that everything here is decided by the length of the overlap.

So, with small spans, up to 5-6 meters, the shed roof of a frame house may well be from SIP. It will be already insulated, durable and easy to perform. Moreover, SIP has good bending strength. But for large spans, it is better to build a traditional floor and reinforced rafters. After all, you can’t make SIP out of SIP complicated roof, but just a single-sided one is quite easy:

It is only important to know how to properly connect floor beams with such walls:

Shed roof device on a frame house

A shed roof in the design world is also called a monoslope. Modern architects see a house with such a roof somehow differently than a shed or hip roof: lighter, airier and more stylish.

A shed roof behaves remarkably where spans are from 6 to 8 meters. Usually, the slope of the slope is made to the north, and large windows are equipped in the southern facades. Often, external insulation of such a roof is practiced: on top is extruded polystyrene foam, which is filled with a cement screed, and on top of it is a roofing carpet.

What is also good, the drainage system in such a roof is simplified and is needed only on one side, and not on two or four at once. But this is not necessary: ​​on a slope oriented to the south, solar collectors are often equipped abroad.

Step 1. Design

A shed roof of any format always differs from a gable one in that here the rafters are not connected in the ridge, but are attached to the walls of the building with both ends. Those. there is no skate at all. The only exception is the run on which the layered rafters are attached, but it never exceeds the level of the entire slope in height.

If you are building using frame-panel technology, then it will be easiest for you to create a wall difference:

But if you use sip panels or the walls are already made at the same height, then you will have to make roof trusses.

Slanted rafters in a pitched roof are made when the building has an internal strong partition. After all, the longer the rafter leg, the more there is a danger of its deflection or eversion. And therefore, if it is possible to support such rafters, you need to use it.

In this case, a run is attached to the carrier partition:

Now we make the rafters twice as short - so that each of them rests on the wall with one end, and on the run with the other. And be sure to check the angle of inclination of such rafters with a laser level - it must completely match. And outwardly, such a roof will not differ from simpler shed roofs.

But in general, the shed roof rafters can be in all of these options:

Although the rafters in the shed roof of a frame house can be generally non-expanding:

Hanging rafters are good because they can be built directly on the ground, in the form finished farms. After all, their main difference from the layered ones is that the load is now transferred to the rafter triangle itself, and not to the walls of the building. And this is quite reasonable, because most often shed roofs are arranged just on small buildings, such as a bathhouse, a garage or a change house. And the walls of those usually do not please with a special fortress.

So decide: if your building is not distinguished by the monumentality of the walls, do hanging rafters, and if more or less strong and there interior walls- then layered. The choice is pretty simple!

Step 2. Mauerlat cutout

Decided? Then specify the future angle of inclination of such a roof and make a template for the rafters:

And the cut itself needs to be made in order to support the rafters of the shed roof on the Mauerlats. The main task of the Mauerlat is to compensate for the horizontal unevenness of the walls. That's why when laying it, be sure to arm yourself building level.

Step 3. Making rafters

For this task, you will need the following fasteners:

And how difficult your rafters will be depends on what load is planned for them. The higher, the rafters should be more reinforced from the inside:

Step 4. Calculation of the crate

As soon as you fix the rafters, go to the crate. The smaller the slope of the shed roof, the more often the crate should be (up to a solid one):

Step 5. Roofing

For a slight roof pitch, use soft tiles, which is generally most often found on frame houses:

And on steeper slopes - whatever your heart desires, just calculate in advance the weight of the roofing for the whole house and foundation:

It remains only to lay the selected roofing and arrange a spillway. Which, fortunately, in a shed roof is done on one side only:

Step 6 Glazing

Since relatively recently, a new trend has appeared in frame construction: cleanliness, conciseness and a lot of glass surfaces. What is most easily achieved by frame technology, for which the presence of a shed roof instead of massive and clumsy multi-pitched roofs is a real outlet:

The easiest, according to modern architects, way to bring more light and lightness into a frame house is to make transparent inserts into the roof or completely transmit some part of it. For example, above a covered veranda or part above an attic. And in fact, we are not talking about glass at all, but just about modern roofing polycarbonate, which are more often used monolithic or corrugated. There is a separate article about this on our website, but here we will note only some technical points.

When choosing the thickness of the polycarbonate that you are going to use for the construction of the roof, calculate in advance the climatic and static loads. You have probably seen a photo where beautiful, durable greenhouses have completely broken roofs in the spring? And all because when buying, the owners decided to save on quality, without calculating, such tons of snow fall in harsh Russian winters. You wouldn't want something like that to happen to your roof, would you? After all, replacing the top of an ordinary greenhouse is not difficult, but replacing the roof of a house is a real problem.

You need to fasten profiled polycarbonate sheets to the roof using the same fastening that is used for the metal profile. These are self-tapping and self-drilling screws of the STSD type. The sheets themselves are fastened together with special profiles, which are equipped with rubber seals EPDM. All this is necessary in order to beautiful roof did not flow. There is also a special connecting aluminum profile for sale - for P-6066 polycarbonate. It consists of a special clamping bar and a sealant, but it already needs to be fixed with self-tapping screws directly to the pipe or crate.

In addition, if you have leftover polycarbonate (after all, standard sheets are produced), use it for glazing utility rooms:

And the excess from another roofing cannot be applied in this way.

A house with a shed roof, built using frame technology with a competent approach, will be the most modern and stylish!

Houses with a shed roof have not been popular in our latitudes for a long time. It was believed that the use of such a roof is resorted to when it is necessary to build simply, quickly and cheaply. But today, architects around the world have proven that a shed roof is reliable, comfortable and stylish design. Houses equipped with one slope are beneficial from an economic and practical point of view.

Advantages and disadvantages of houses with pitched roofs

Shed roofs have many advantages:

1. The simplicity of the device. For narrow houses (less than 6.0 m wide), just two supports for the roof beam are sufficient - at the beginning and at the end. For wide houses (more than 6.0 m wide), intermediate supports are needed. But in this case, it is not necessary to be tied to symmetry and centricity. load-bearing structures. For large spans, you can use a composite beam and cover spaces of more than 6.0 m. In addition, a shed roof does not need a complex truss system.
2. Profitability. The simplicity of the supporting structure reduces labor and material costs.
3. Ease of use. Such a roof is easy to care for, easier to repair, because it has one inclined surface and, as a rule, with a small angle.
4. Simplified descent of natural precipitation, since it occurs only on one side. And all auxiliary devices are needed only for one slope: an external drain, snow retainers, etc.
5. Possibility to create excellent illumination of the second (mansard) floor from three sides without resorting to expensive and difficult to install skylights.

To create an attic under a shed roof, you do not need to install complex skylights

But there are also disadvantages.

1. Designing a shed roof with a cold attic is possible, but inconvenient to operate. Due to the small under-roof space, it is difficult to maintain the roof and attic.
2. A large span leads to an increase in the load on the beam. And, as a result, it increases its cross section.
3. In order for a house with a pitched roof not to be boring, a thorough study of the architectural image of the future building and high-quality roofing materials with good physical and aesthetic properties are necessary.

Photo gallery: shed roof beam support schemes

Composite beam in shed house covers a span of more than 6 meters, based on two points
A beam in a shed house can cover a span of more than 6 meters, relying on three or more supports
For a span of less than 6 meters, it is sufficient to support the roof beam at two points

Typology of houses with pitched roofs

Shed roof houses are divided into two types according to the number of individual roofs:

• with one roof
• with two or more roofs.

And into two types by number of floors:

• one-story;
• two-story.

In this case, one-story houses include houses on the same level without a basement and an attic. For two-story houses - houses with two floors, as well as with a basement, an attic as a second floor or an additional level to a full-fledged two floors.

With one shed roof, you can design both a one-story and two-story house. The features of the architectural solution of a one-story building are the location in the high part of the house of a common room with a double-height space and the arrangement of the main facade.

In the high part of the house you can add a mezzanine

For two-storey houses valid reverse principle. Here, the highest part of the building is used for the second level, and the lower part is used for the double-height space of the common room on the first floor.

The attic is located in the high part of the building, and under the slope of the roof there is a room with a second light

The variety of architectural forms of buildings with shed roofs is huge. These are ordinary houses with one simple roof, buildings with roofs to the ground, designer houses with a visual flow of one structure into another, a diagonal slope of the roof, overlapping of the house with two or more independent roofs, visual division of the building into functional zones and much more.

Photo gallery: options for architectural solutions for houses with a pitched roof

The volume is covered by one simple roof, the common room can be located in a high part and is equipped with a second light
The slope of the roof connected to the ground is used to organize a place for cold storage of things, parking a car, and a recreation area.
The slope, smoothly flowing into the wall, foundation and other structures, makes the architectural image of the house unusual and stylish.
Diagonal sloping roof layout gives high angled light
The option with several shed roofs with different slopes will be used when covering 2-3 floors of different areas
Shed roofs with opposite slopes, separated by a third, make the two parts of the house independent at the level of the second floor
Two pitched roofs different levels visually divide the house into two volumes, emphasizing functional zoning

One-story houses

Among one-story buildings most often you can find country or small-sized houses, since building them is simple and fast. But thanks to the variety of finishing materials and the imagination of architects, shed houses with one floor are also designed for year-round living.

In small houses, large areas of glazing are often used to visually expand the space and increase the flow of natural light.

In small-sized houses, space ergonomics play a major role. The sleeping place is usually located on the mezzanine.

Small-sized houses are designed immediately with built-in furniture

Photo gallery: examples of one-story houses

AT small house with a pitched roof nothing more
A large area of ​​the house for year-round use can be divided into two volumes and covered with two shed roofs
The roof line continues on the wall and plinth, uniting the facade
A mini-house is built in a couple of weeks and can be transported from place to place
A floating house can be made in a single volume with a pitched roof
Two offset roofs provide overhead lighting for the small home
High quality finishing materials and big square glazing makes a simple facade stylish
An unconventional solution for a narrow building - the roof slope is designed along the house, and the load-bearing roof beams are perpendicular to it
Under the high part of the roof is often a spacious terrace
Shed roof forms open canopy for storing firewood
The diversity of the facade is achieved through broken lines

Two-story houses with a pitched roof

The architecture of two-story houses with a shed roof is infinitely diverse. The capacious volume of such buildings makes it possible to provide for year-round living in them. These can be cottage-type houses, as well as townhouses (detached houses) and even villas.

The device of one shed roof, uniting the volume of the building, makes the image complete. And the presence of several roofs covering parts of the house at different heights and in different directions creates a dynamic and diverse architecture.

Photo gallery: examples of two-story houses with a pitched roof

The whole house can be located under one roof with a large slope
The building can be visually divided into several volumes, each of which is covered by a separate shed roof
Shed roof with ledges often combines the curvilinear facade of the building
Thanks to one roof, the volume of the house is perceived as integral
A large number of lamps makes the house bright and unusual
One roof sometimes covers a two-story volume of the building, the second - one-story

frame houses

Frame houses with a shed roof can look exactly the same as buildings from any other structures, thanks to finishing materials: plaster, stone, artificial stone, blockhouse. A feature of such houses is the more frequent arrangement of racks in the roof-bearing walls. Their step is no more than 70 cm. The frame is filled with a three-layer structure with a heater in the middle, which can immediately have a finish, but more often it is a rough version of plasterboard indoors and OSB boards outside. To speed up the process of assembling a frame house, ready-made three-layer structures are used - SIP panels.

SIP (SIP) - structural insulating panel. It is used to fill the frame of buildings as wall and roof enclosing structures. It consists of two outer layers - OSB sheets and a middle layer - insulation. The panels are connected with wooden beams.

SIP panels are connected with wooden beams

Stained glass can be used as filling the frame. This non-standard option will add lightness and airiness to the architectural image of the house, but will increase heat loss. Yes, and it is difficult to care for such a facade.

First, the frame is erected, then it is sheathed and insulated

Photo gallery: examples of frame houses

A simple country frame house has a small porch under a single roof.
The combination of wood finishes and stone, imitating real masonry, draws attention to the facade
Fully glazed façade gives a feeling of open space
Stained glass glazing alternates with a three-layer construction with insulation and subsequent wood trim
A roof with a slight slope sometimes looks almost flat.
The frame of the house is sometimes built of metal or timber

Timber houses

Houses made of timber with a shed roof are very warm and reliable. Thanks to the same material of the load-bearing structures of the walls and roof, such buildings are strong and environmentally friendly. Roof beams often make a large section, which increases the strength of the structure and adds expressiveness to the interior. Such a roof can withstand a snow cap in winter, which will be a natural insulation.

Photo gallery: examples of timber houses

Powerful roof beams that cover the entire house in width, organize a canopy from the courtyard facade
The architectural image conveys its strength, reliability and warmth due to the choice of timber as a building material, a thickened roof and small windows.
A stylish facade in a modern style is combined with the environmental friendliness of natural building materials

Finnish houses

Finnish houses are designed for cold and snowy climates. Therefore, their feature is rectangular or square layout, which helps to reduce heat loss, and a shed flat roof can withstand significant snow loads. Large windows try to orient to the south in order to capture more heat. There are houses with two roofs - in this case, utility rooms are located in the lower part. You can find buildings with a roof to the ground - cold household premises are organized under it, protected from precipitation. Such a canopy is arranged on the leeward side of the house to protect the wall from blowing.

Photo gallery: examples of Finnish houses with a pitched roof

A small number of windows retain heat, and their location is designed for maximum exposure to sunlight.
A blank wall below protects the house from freezing, and overhead lighting catches the sun's rays
Under a canopy formed by a shed roof, you can arrange a cold utility room
The upper and lower terraces decorate the facade of the house
Shed roof supported by beams forms a canopy for terraces on the right and left of the house

American style houses

American-style houses have a large pillared terrace in front of the entrance to the house. It can be double-height up to the top of the roof or highlighted with a separate shed roof. But the main facade of the house is always very elegant. The roof angle is small, which reduces wind loads. American-style houses are less brutal and more airy compared to Finnish ones, because "American style" does not mean the need to withstand heavy snow loads and keep warm in severe frosts.

Photo gallery: examples of American-style houses with a pitched roof

Shed roof with green coating emphasizes the naturalness of the building
The second roof acts as a canopy of the veranda
Glazed terrace always looks spectacular
Each room can have sliding doors to the veranda encircling the façade

Video: an overview of American-style house projects

corner houses

Corner houses are houses in which one of the corners takes on the role of the main facade. It is distinguished by layout, glazing or unusual roof. For example, the location of the slope of the roof diagonally. This approach is typical for small houses or part of the building, since the arrangement of the roof beams diagonally requires the overlap of a large span.

Entrance from the corner allows you to make entrance group minimal in area, but sufficient for comfortable operation of the porch. The absence of a corner (the layout of the house with the letter “G”) creates a chamber, cozy space for relaxing in the yard, protected on both sides by the walls of the building. The corner arrangement of the veranda and / or terrace, in fact, is also an “L-shaped” layout of the house with covered summer rooms that unite the architectural image of the building.

Photo gallery: examples of corner houses with a pitched roof

Entrance from the corner makes the design of the house unusual and individual
A curvilinear shed roof covers the house, tending to a triangle in terms of
One of the corners of the house is replaced by a cozy terrace, protected on both sides by walls.
The emphasis on the open corner of the house is added by a roof located under a diagonal slope.

Houses with two or more pitched roofs

Single pitched roof houses have many advantages, but they are all very compact. To build a large house with a complex layout and cover it with a shed roof, you can use your own roof for each volume. This technique will visually emphasize individual parts of the building and make the architecture of the house more expressive and diverse. Roofs can be designed with different heights. Thus, you do not have to heat and maintain areas that are not needed. Two or more shed roofs in one building are more often designed for two-story houses.

Photo gallery: examples of houses with two or more pitched roofs

Three roofs are located at different heights and with a slope in different overlays, one of them forms a carport
In the middle is a staircase that leads to two independent parts of the house at the level of the second floor.
An unusual glass slope divides the second floor into two parts
The house consists of two parts with glass facades, each of which is covered with a pitched grass roof.
Individual roofs give the facade of the house conciseness and rigor.
Additional shed roof forms a canopy over the bay window
Several roofs of an unusual curved shape form an architectural ensemble

Shed roofing is a stylish, simple and convenient architectural and constructive technique in the design of individual residential buildings. Such roofs are used on one- and two-story houses, have different configurations and slopes. Selecting a project with desired characteristics, you can build a functional comfortable dwelling under a roof with one slope.

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Classmates

Roof structure frame building selected based on its purpose, location and size. The simplest of all existing - flat single-sided.

It does not need complex calculations, and its installation is simple and does not require high qualifications.

At the same time, the operational capabilities of such a roof have serious limitations that reduce its preference compared to more complex and efficient options.

Therefore, the use of a shed is most common among auxiliary buildings for household purposes. For permanent residence they are considered unsuitable. An unattractive appearance plays an important role in such a reputation - a flat roof is not visible from the ground at all, a frame house with a flat roof does not have the representativeness, solidity that a beautifully designed roof gives.

However, for buildings of secondary importance, this design is optimal and most advantageous from all points of view, which makes use of one pitched structures roofs are the main, if not the only, option for outbuildings.

In terms of construction, a shed roof is a horizontal (rarely) or inclined (most often) plane of roofing material located at the top of a building.

This concept is the simplest, there are no plane transitions that require complex preparation, which allows independent construction even for an unprepared person.

At the same time, a one-story frame house with a shed roof is being built quite quickly, without requiring special physical costs. The benefits of a flat roof include:

• simplicity and reliability;
• lack of details or elements that need complication truss system;
• minimum wind load in normal mode;
• simple calculation of the amount of materials.

Along with the advantages, a shed roof has its drawbacks.:

• maximum snow load;
• depending on the prevailing wind direction in the area. Unfavorable Direction air flow squall type can disrupt the plane;
• the load from rainwater is doubled;
• unattractive appearance - the roof is partially visible only from behind, at a rather steep angle of inclination.

Such properties limit the scope of such structures, but do not reduce their popularity, since there are more outbuildings than residential ones, which in total makes the number of shed roofs quite large.

Application

From a technical point of view, flat design roofs can be used for any building. Main question - right choice tilt angle. Nevertheless, in practice, this option is used mainly for small buildings that are undemanding to high qualities or appearance roofs.

Consider the possibilities of using a shed roof for different types of buildings:

1. Residential frame house with a shed roof. The use of shed structures is most often used in architectural solutions with elements of asymmetry.

The shape of the building and inclined planes, as a rule, several work here. They are located on different levels and create an architectural ensemble of Art Nouveau style.

AT pure form, and even more so for a frame house, a shed roof structure is used extremely rarely, despite the fact that it is not so difficult to develop a project for a frame house with a flat roof. The main reason for this is the unpresentability and unsuitability of the design, from a technical point of view. The fact is that the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house is most often quite large, a plane of this size in winter time will experience too much snow load.

If you adjust it by increasing the angle of inclination, you will get a large height difference between the front and rear walls, which increases the wind load on the facade. Snow pressure causes the rafters to subside, the roof geometry is broken, which leads to depressurization of the joints of the roofing material and the appearance of leaks. Therefore, a flat roof in a frame house with a large area is not used in most regions.

2. Frame shed with pitched roof. For such buildings, a shed roof is most often erected.

After all, build frame shed with a shed roof with your own hands is very simple.

It performs its task quite effectively, is the cheapest and does not require any additional elements.

3. Frame garage with pitched roof. The size of the garage in the vast majority of cases is the most convenient for the construction of a flat roof.

In addition, the bias in the opposite direction from garage doors side contributes to the drainage of rainwater or the descent of snow masses in winter at the most convenient for the user back buildings, reducing the risk of inconvenient accumulations or damage to property.

4. Shed frame bath. Building a bath with a shed roof is the most economical option.

The fact is that a frame bath with a shed roof is a specific room that needs high-quality insulation all surfaces - floors, walls and ceilings.

Combination ceiling with a roof provides significant cost savings, since it becomes possible to abandon the construction of a truss system, from additional insulation roofing and other activities, but allows you to simply cover the ceiling at a slight angle with roofing material.

This design greatly facilitates the construction, reducing the load on the walls and foundation, and the wind load is also significantly reduced. There remains a problem with snow pressure, but, with a small total area, this issue is not so acute.

Important! If the bath is not a separate building, but is attached to the house, then a shed roof becomes the only solution.

Device

From a structural point of view, a shed roof can be thought of as a longitudinal half. That is, there is a row of inclined rafter legs carrying roofing material, the angle of inclination of which contributes to the removal of rain or melt water, and also organizes the gathering of snow masses.

But the construction of such a roof is greatly simplified, since many operations or elements are excluded. Alternatively, you can just build two walls different size, install the rafters in the transverse direction to the axis of the house, mount the crate and lay the roofing material.

If two identical walls are being built, which simplifies the creation of a ceiling, then racks are installed on the high side, connected from above by a longitudinal beam, on which the rafters rest. Outside, the racks are sheathed with a finishing coating, from the inside they are either insulated or left as they are.

If the attic is residential, then the roof must be insulated. This operation consists in creating a roofing insulating cake. It consists of a heater, insulated on both sides with a film material, which excludes water from entering the heater.

In order for this operation to make sense, a fairly steep angle of inclination of the roof is required.

It must allow the existence of space sufficient for a more or less comfortable stay in the attic. Most often, the issue is resolved by partially building up the walls above the ceiling in order to Bottom part the roof rested not on the ceiling, but on a section of the wall.

Warming flat roof with a slight slope can be produced bulk materials, in particular - expanded clay. This option is very effective - expanded clay does not rot, is excellently characterized as a heater, does not accumulate water. The process of insulation is best carried out outside, before laying the roofing material.

To do this, the ceiling is tightly sheathed with boards, OSB, chipboard or plywood, expanded clay is poured between the rafters from the outside, covered with a layer of waterproofing and sheathed again sheet materials. After that, the roof is laid through the layer of the counter-lattice. This option gives an almost eternal result, the main thing is to do everything carefully and not violate the integrity of the waterproofing.

Construction technology

To describe the process, it is necessary to consider two options:

• with a high wall. In this case, the ceiling top floor is an insulated roof, which saves materials and reduces labor costs;
• with support stand. This design involves the creation of a rack row of the required height, the installation of a rafter row based on it and on the Mauerlat from the opposite side.

with a high wall

The design with a high wall is done like this:

1. Walls of different heights are erected.

2. A series of rafters is mounted with support on opposite walls. With a long span, double rafters are used.

3. To reinforce the rafters (if necessary), struts are used that rest against the upper region of the high wall and against the rafters.

4. From below, the rafters are completely sheathed with sheet materials or thin boards.

Attention! At this stage, it is necessary to monitor the loading of the rafters. Taking into account the weight of the insulation, the roof and the possible snow load, an additional row of supports may be needed.

5. Outside, a waterproofing film is laid.

6. A heater is installed. Given the need to reduce weight, the most successful choice would be foam.

7. The outer layer of waterproofing is installed.

8. A counter-lattice is laid along the rafter legs, on which the outer crate is laid.

9. Roofing material is laid in the direction from the bottom up.

10. The ends are covered with a layer of sheathing, insulated from the inside, similar to the walls of the house.

With support stand

For the design option with a support leg, the sequence changes:

1. Installed vertical racks, their position is fixed by struts.

2. Top part the racks are connected with a ridge bar.

3. Racks are made with the same step as the racks of the frame of the house.

4. If necessary, the racks are insulated in a manner similar to an insulating pie at home (if a residential attic is not planned, it is enough to sheathe them from the outside).

5. Rafters are installed on the ridge bar and on the Mauerlat of the opposite wall.

6. If the attic is non-residential, then a crate is mounted on top of the rafters with a frequency convenient for attaching the roof.

7. Roofing material is laid.

8. End walls are sheathed.

If the attic is residential, then the ceiling and walls are insulated in the same way as in the previous version.

Useful video

How a flat and shed roof is arranged, as well as what materials are required for this, is additionally described in the video below:

findings

The construction of a shed roof for a frame house is unnecessarily heavy due to the relatively large building area and high snow or rain pressure. Nevertheless, almost every person, at least a little versed in construction, can build a frame house with a shed roof with their own hands. At the same time, this type of roofing is quite suitable for outbuildings and is even recommended. It is economical, simple and does not require special care.

In contact with

Inspired by the landscapes of Finland and the buildings harmoniously inscribed in its rocky landscape, we decided to create a project with a European vision.

hallmark Our country house has a pitched roof. Now it is difficult to say with complete certainty where this constructive solution came from, but the simplicity and functionality of such a roof makes the buildings interesting both from an architectural point of view and from a constructive one.

Advantages of a pitched roof

• The most obvious positive moment there will be a simplicity of design, which entails the rapid construction of a shed roof.
• The second point follows from the first - the cheapness of the roof. Square roofing materials and construction materials is reduced, the ease and simplicity of construction significantly reduce the cost of the roof.
• It is impossible not to note the aesthetic component of a pitched roof. It is no accident that our northern neighbors use similar architectural solutions everywhere. People like simplicity and completeness in architecture, and not only in architecture.

These are certainly not all the advantages of a pitched roof. I think that each of you will note many more winning moments for yourself.

Now back to our project. The house is designed small in area, it is perfect for giving and garden. Let's look at the layout.

Terrace - 16 square meters in area. If desired, it can be enlarged, made open and, for example, partially glazed. Entrance hall - 4 square meters, such an area will allow you to optimally equip this space.

From the hallway there are doors to three rooms. A bathroom, I will not tire of repeating - a bathroom is necessary in a country house.

Kitchen living room to the left - 12 square meters. Optimal size for such a purpose. Big window fill the room with light and visually add additional volume.

Finnish house layout

Bedroom in our country house also 12 meters in area. The standard size of the bedroom, which will fit a large bed wardrobe and chest of drawers. In the bedroom, as we believe, there should not be extra cluttering furniture. AT ideal conditions you can abandon the closet by placing things from it in the pantry or another room.

Room implication:

A small summary: the project Finnish house with a shed roof is perfect for a garden and a summer residence, both seasonal and permanent residence for 2-3 people. Also, during the construction, you can experiment a little with the layout, increase or decrease the kitchen, in favor of other rooms.

How much does a Finnish house cost in 2019?

The prices above are for houses built using frame-panel technology or from profiled timber and operated in summer cottage mode - the thickness of the timber is 90x140 mm or the slab insulation is 100 mm.

The timber is used only for chamber drying (not natural humidity). For capital walls, this is critical. Drying of timber is carried out in compliance with all technologies - 14 days of drying at 30-40 degrees in a soft mode. The gentle drying mode expels moisture from the center to the edges, preserving the texture of the material and preventing the occurrence of cracks.

The project can be supplemented or simplified according to climatic, aesthetic or financial needs. Below are the prices for this project in various configurations.

From profiled timber:

• Log house - 460 500 rubles.
• Complete set "DACHA" - 764 800 rubles.
• Complete set "Permanent residence" - 969 000
• Complete set "PREMIUM" - 2 160 000

Frame version:

• Frame house under the roof - 480 500 rubles.
• Complete set "DACHA" - 743 100 rubles.
• Complete set "Permanent residence" - 922,400 rubles.
• Complete set "PREMIUM" - 1,940,000 rubles.

You can get a full estimate for the construction or ask a question by sending an email to email [email protected]

Modern architects, creating house design, are not limited to traditional solutions with pitched roof structures. They create projects of stylish, practical and technological houses, the construction of which requires a minimum of time and financial costs. Those who want to complete the construction of their own home in a short time should pay attention to a frame house with a pitched roof. We will talk about this economical technology for assembling wood structures in our article.

A one-story house with a shed roof, built using frame technology, is a structure made of lumber and wood panels. The frame of the building is made of hardwood timber or metal I-beams, the first option is used more often due to its low cost. metal or wooden base they are sheathed with slabs, insulated and lined, resulting in a stylish, frame house. Construction is carried out according to 1 of two popular technologies:

1. Frame-panel. This method of construction assumes that the frame house is built from separate building materials. That is, the developer needs to purchase, bring to the site and, in turn, mount the frame, interior decoration, cladding, insulation, waterproofing and vapor barrier. All these materials are fixed on the frame in a certain sequence. professional workers. As a result of the work, a frame house is obtained, which has the same qualities as buildings made of timber 150x150 mm. Such projects can be used to build houses for year-round living in central Russia, which does not indulge in a mild, warm climate.
2. Frame-shield. For Assembly frame-panel houses detailed designs are preliminarily created, according to which shields are manufactured under production conditions right size. Shields are called complex, multilayer panels, which include an inner lining, several layers of thermal insulation, a waterproofing and vapor barrier layer, and an outer skin. They are issued according to individual sizes, therefore, after assembling the frame of houses, it remains only to fix the shields on it. An experienced builder can assemble a frame house in 1-2 days. Shed roof projects require another 1-2 days for the construction of floors, for the construction of pitched structures, depending on the complexity, it can take up to 7 days.

Note! Due to the use of panels, the cost of building one-story frame houses is lower than the construction of log cabins from logs or timber. To keep costs as low as possible, it is better to choose projects with a shed roof, since such roof structure requires less building materials, installation time, and assembly is carried out by a team of 2 people in just 1-2 working days.

Features of the roof structure

Frame one-story house with has become a popular construction option country cottages, country and garden dwellings, as well as townhouses of a small area. simple form roofing opens up new horizons for designers, giving the opportunity to create modern stylish homes that adorn the urban landscape. In order for the structure to look harmonious, be functional and easy to maintain, several simple rules construction of roof structures:

Note! The shed roof of a frame house is installed on external walls that have different height. To calculate the difference between the length of the supports, knowing the slope of the roof, you need to multiply the width of the house by the angle formed by the base and the roof slope.

Advantages

Frame construction has a short history in Russia, so some potential developers are suspicious of this technology, remembering the harsh climate of our country. However, due to complex application affordable materials, the properties of which complement each other, the houses are no less warm than timber or log houses. Professional builders note the following advantages of this technology:

Note! One-story houses with a pitched roof, built using frame technology, have disadvantages. This is how buildings are built small size. If you decide to step back from standard project, under which shields are made, construction costs will increase dramatically. In addition, in order to protect wooden frame from the formation of rot and mold, it is treated with an antiseptic and fire retardant.

Video instruction