Multi-gable roofs: how to create "complex" beauty? Rafter system of a four-gable roof Construction of a multi-gable roof of a wooden house.

In this article we will talk about what is a multi-gable roof. A multi-gable roof over a square house has a large number of valleys, ribs, gables, gables. The gable is the upper part of the wall of the building, which is limited by two roof slopes and is not separated by a cornice from below. When the upper part of the wall is separated from the lower part by a cornice, then this is already a pediment. The gable roof consists of two planes that rest on the walls and are limited by gables or gables from the ends.

Multi-gable roofs are arranged on houses that have a complex layout, with side lighting of attics, covering extensions, gables above the entrances.

When constructing such a roof as, elements such as valleys must be present. You also need to know that a building with such a roof must have a ventilated attic, which will be completely isolated from all warm rooms.

Multi-gable roofs require a large consumption of roofing materials, and after its installation, quite a lot of material waste remains.

A multi-gable roof is typical for buildings with a complex plan.

A type such as is formed by installing several slopes. This is a rather complicated construction, the main disadvantage of which is the complexity of implementation.

When constructing this roof, the intersections of the slopes form internal corners (valleys). A large amount of water flows down them and therefore close attention should be paid to the waterproofing of such corners.

In addition, a large amount of snow can accumulate in the valleys, and this significantly increases the load on the roof. The main advantage of a multi-gable roof is its expressive appearance, as well as the overlapping of several rooms with a single-level roof.

gable roof

A gable roof is the heaviest roof in the construction of roofs, since there are many valleys, grooves, and ribs in the design. It is mainly used in buildings with polygonal building design, difficult architecture.

It is often used in the construction of private houses. The spire has an artistic character, and such elements are installed on domed roofs and towers.

These roofs do not carry a useful meaning, but they do a significant job in creating the architectural style of the building. In individual construction, a gable roof is a complex of several forms, sometimes so intricate that it is even difficult to recognize them.

Today, two-level coatings and half-hip roofs are popular.

Your attention! The simplest design is the intersection of two pitched roofs at an angle of 90º.

The rafter system of a multi-gable roof consists of rafters, mauerlat, girders (beams). An element such as a mauerlat redistributes the load from the roof to the walls of the house through the rafters and thus connects to the walls.

It consists of wooden bars 150x100 mm and 150x150 mm. And also for this use pieces of timber having a length of 1.5 meters. The rafters for such a roof are assembled from dry pine boards, which have a section of 150x50 mm.

Rafters are hanging and layered - it depends on the presence or absence of additional supports, as well as on the design of the multi-gable roof. In the roof device, both types of rafters can be used simultaneously.

In places where gable roofs are articulated, slanting or diagonal rafter legs are installed, on which the sprigs (shorten rafter legs) will rest. Due to the fact that a very large load acts on the diagonal rafters, they need to be strengthened - to be rallied into two boards.

In the upper part of the rafters, they are connected with a ridge run made of boards or timber cohesive among themselves. If necessary, additional intermediate runs are installed.

Tip! After the rafter system is installed, the waterproofing film is laid in strips, perpendicular to the direction of the slope, with an overlap of at least 15 cm, as well as with mandatory gluing of the joints using connecting tapes. Close attention should be paid to the places where the valleys are located, as large flows of water will flow along them.

On the rafters, bars of the counter-lattice are sewn after laying the waterproofing layer. Basically, bars with a section of 50x50 mm or boards of 32x100 mm are used to perform such work. Sheathing should be carried out in accordance with the instructions for the selected roofing.

Gable roof construction

gable roofs

A lot of owners of private houses want to know how to make a multi-gable roof.

This type of roofs are rather complex structures, and when such a structure is constructed, several fragments of the building can represent gable variations, which are then combined into a single complex, creating an amazing impression.

Do-it-yourself construction of a four-gable roof consists of the following steps:

• it is necessary to remove the correct dimensions of the house;
• calculate the cross section and length of the rafters;
• correctly position stops, skates, valleys;
• then a Mauerlat should be installed, which should run along the perimeter of the wall and serve as a reliable "foundation" of the roof;
• then it is necessary to install rafters, which are fixed on the Mauerlat with cuts or nails;
• then the crate, waterproofing, the roofing itself, as well as steam and heat insulation are installed.

The design of the multi-gable roof is a pitched roof with sloping roof surfaces towards the outer walls and at the same time provides a natural runoff of melt and rainwater.

The choice of slope directly depends on the climatic conditions of the region, the roofing material and architectural requirements. In some areas, the slope angle is 90º.

The main elements of the roof

The structural scheme of the four-gable roof consists of the following elements:

1. inclined planes - slopes;
2. rafters;
3. crates;
4. Mauerlat;
5. horizontal and inclined ribs;
6. skate;
7. valleys;
8. grooves;
9. overhangs;
10. gutters.

The device of a multi-gable roof is a rather laborious process, since additional diagonal rafters should be installed at the intersection of the slopes when erecting such a structure.

In this case, elements such as grooves are formed, which are also called "snow bags". And when installing the roof, special attention should be paid to these elements, since with poor-quality installation, the roof will definitely leak in these places.

Roof shapes

With a complex roof, it is necessary to install valleys, which are the least reliable place on the roof, since snow accumulates in these places and the load on the truss system increases.

The four-gable roof is a design of slopes on four sides. It is also called hip or tent, and slopes - hips.

These structures do not require gable walls, but the truss system is more complex than the gable one. Sometimes such a roof is made in the form of a half-hip, and at the same time, the side slopes, as it were, cut off part of the spitz.

They can be located in the form of a triangle, at the very top of the roof, and form a gable in the form of a trapezoid, or a trapezoidal anise - then a triangular gable is formed at the top, which lies outside the plane of the wall.

This design is used for buildings that have a polygonal or square plan. A roof with such slopes in the form of isosceles triangles converges with vertices at one point.

The article will tell about the varieties and arrangement of gable and multi-gable roofs. You will learn about the design differences, advantages, disadvantages, as well as the features of the calculations and the stages of installation of multi-gable roofs, which is carried out in a certain order.

Basic Design Principles

A multi-gable roof is a system of rafters with slopes that are interconnected. The name spitz or pediment is used, but only if the site is separated from the wall of the building. If the wall has several gables or gables, then it is multi-gabled.

The number of forceps is not limited. But most often, designs consist of two, three or four systems. The purpose of the tongs varies.

The installation process itself is complex and costly due to the design features, the amount of materials required.

Multi-gable roofs are a common choice for those homeowners who can afford to build something that looks like a castle. But over time, it became possible to use simpler structures for the construction of tongs in budget country houses.

Construction and arrangement of gable roofs

The upper part of the building, which is limited by two slopes, is called a gable. The complexity of the design directly depends on the number of slopes crossed.

gable

A gable roof is the most popular option in the construction of residential buildings. Its advantages are in the following points:

several options connection angle diagrams;

under the roof there may be an exploited attic or a residential attic;

duration service life directly depends on the materials used;

ease of installation, repair, reconstruction;

tilt angle, thanks to which rainwater and melted snow are effectively discharged.

The supporting frame of a gable roof is built from rafters or roof trusses. The first is used in most residential buildings.

The second - during the construction of a building with a large area, where a high operational load will be noted.

Rafters in a gable roof are hanging or layered. The former do not direct the load on the supporting structure due to the lack of support. The second type of rafters has a support - a run mounted on vertical racks.

Hanging rafters are used to create a usable attic or attic. Layered - to enhance the strength of the structure when heavy roofing material is used, or significant snow loads are expected.

A truss truss is a structure that uses straight members and hinged joints to avoid bending loads. The truss allows you to reduce the weight of the frame, increase spans and reduce material costs. Sometimes the structure is assembled on the ground, after which it rises up. This improves the build quality and speeds up the installation process.

hipped roof

A four-slope roof appears as a result of the intersection of gable structures.

On our website you can find the most . In the filters, you can set the desired direction, the presence of gas, water, electricity and other communications.

Because of this additional structural element, two simple systems form the technological complexity of a multi-gable roof. Difficulties arise in the calculations and installation of parts for a multi-gable roof. If the inner corner has defects, then this can lead to leaks and a violation of the integrity of the coating.

Other types of gable roofs

Multi-gable roofs make it possible to combine different types of structures. In this case, all crossed slopes can have dormer windows.

The gable roof is the best option when constructing one-story buildings with a large floor area.

If the building is made in the form of the letter "P", "G", "T", then in this case only a multi-gable roof can be used. Hip slopes are an effective option for getting rid of gables.

Pros and cons of multi-gable roofs

Benefits:

external view;

possibility use in complex projects;

duration operational period;

can be used in houses from any materials;

does not accumulate snow;

space under the roof can be rationally used;

diversity architectural solutions;

effective drainage.

The pitched roof has the following limitations:

drainage system should be branched;

high material consumption;

high price due to the need to use additional elements in large quantities;

can only be used some from roofing;

competent an approach for design and installation.

How are the dimensions of a multi-gable roof calculated?

The complexity of the calculation process will depend entirely on the individual elements of the project.

Specialists lay out the entire project into simple figures to facilitate the calculation.

How is the calculation carried out

The calculation uses a three-gable roof. The calculation starts from determining the height of the ridge, which depends on the width of the building or extension and the angle of the slope. If the problem is solved with another unknown, then first determine the slope angle of the ramps.

When determining the length of the slanting rafter leg, there are some features.

The red line is the hypotenuse, and the blue (the length of the rafters of the main building) and green (1/2 the width of the extension) are the legs. The calculations are carried out using the Pythagorean theorem.

Calculation of the length of the sloping valley rafter leg

To determine the length of the sprues, a calculator for calculating hip roof sprigs is used. The calculation procedure in both cases is identical, only the direction of installation of the sprigs changes.

If the rafters additionally perform the functions of a cornice overhang, then the leg length increases. To do this, use a calculator for calculating the elongation of rafters to form a cornice overhang. In some cases, experts resort to the use of extension fillies, but for them it is also necessary to calculate the required length.

Next, the section of the rafters is determined, which completely depends on the loads imposed on the roof. For the correct calculation of the section, additional elements of the support of the rafter legs are placed. An appropriate calculator is used: calculation of a certain unloading on the legs.

To acquire the correct amount of required materials, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe roof is calculated. The total area includes:

couple rectangular slopes without taking into account the triangle layered with rafters along the valley line;

couple trapezoidal stingrays.

The main types of connecting nodes

A large number of different types of multi-gable roofs does not allow defining a single system for installation. Connection methods can be simple or complex.

The beginning of the construction of the multi-gable roof truss system begins with the laying and fixing of the Mauerlat to the concrete base. There are 3 types of mounts:

used embedded hairpin threaded. The distance between the studs is approximately 70-80 cm. Holes are drilled in the beam for further fastening 1-2 mm larger in diameter than the studs themselves.

steel smooth wire. The method is divided into two possible variants. The first one is laid across the beam, which eliminates the need to drill holes. The beam is attracted by the wire to the concrete. The second - the segments are mounted along the wall, and the ends go above the formwork. To do this, you will need to drill holes so that the ends can be passed through the timber and twisted.

Using staples. There are several bracket configurations on the market. Models differ from each other in the fastener. Some are attached to the sides or wall through prepared anchors or holes. This method of fastening is the most popular when installing a beam on a wall.

Regardless of the chosen method of mounting the Mauerlat, care must be taken to waterproof the cut-off between concrete and wood. For this, bituminous mastic is used, which processes the surface, and then several layers of roofing material are laid.

Several connection methods are used in the case of attaching an attic floor beam to a Mauerlat.

Using fortified corners connecting the bars to each other with the help of self-tapping screws.

In the traditional way - cutting. To do this, a groove ½ of the thickness is cut out in the Mauerlat, and a spike of shape and size identical to the groove is cut out on the floor beam. The spike is installed in the hole, an additional hammer is used for knocking. In some designs, additional fastening with the help of corners is used.

Using floors in the design of the overhang, they are cut into the Mauerlat, grooves are created in the details with a depth of ½ timber. For additional fixation, metal corners are used.

Fastening the beams on the Mauerlat with steel staples driven into the beam and into the timber.

When attaching a beam to a rafter leg, one of several methods is used:

Fixation of the rafter leg is carried out using staples, the length is set within 25 - 35 cm.

The simplest method of fastening is fixing with corners. To ensure the most snug fit, grooves for the corners are cut in the rafters.

Gable roof manufacturing

The manufacture of the roof is based on a structure consisting of rafters. The rafters themselves are made of wood or a profile pipe. But the stages of work will be largely similar:

Withdrawal sizes.

Definition the correct length and section of the beam.

Unfold valley, stops, skates.

Installation Mauerlat.

Installation rafters from a bar.

Installation battens, waterproofing layer, insulation and roofing.

The choice of slope slope is selected depending on the climatic conditions of the region and the wishes of the customer. In some cases, a right angle of inclination is selected.

Frame installation

Installation work of the truss system is carried out in accordance with the algorithm:

Creation waterproofing layer the top of the walls with mastic, roofing material.

Mauerlat mount.

Mauerlat markup. It is necessary to mark the points of attachment of the timber to the ceiling. Between the bars there should be a distance of about 60 cm for filling with insulation.

Over the floor beams must be made draft flooring for which inch boards are used. This is necessary to facilitate movement at roof level.

Installation of central racks.

Installation of a ridge beam on racks.

Frame fixation at using two triangular segments.

Installation rafters for valley formation.

Installing others rafter legs.

Installing items for hardening designs.

At the end of the work, the protruding ends of the rafters are trimmed.

Video description

In the video you can see the device of the roof:

Conclusion

The construction of a multi-gable roof is a complex process that requires not only knowledge, but also skills. Therefore, the construction should be done by professionals. Financial and labor costs directly depend on the number of tongs, the type and features of the project - an accurate estimate can only be obtained after preliminary calculations have been made.

The roof of the house is a multifunctional element that simultaneously performs the tasks of operational, technical and aesthetic purposes.

From how well all the elements that form the roofing system are made, depends on the success of the design, and from the appearance - the solidity and attractiveness of the building.

Multi-gable roof - the design is quite complicated. It is distinguished by the presence of numerous intersections of slopes., at which valleys are formed, the so-called formed internal corners.

The multi-gable roof has a complex structure formed by the intersection of several axes. This design, unlike other pitched roofs, has several skates., each of which connects the planes in a separate section.

Multi-gable roofs are used on various types of buildings:

• Complex in terms of construction, having several wings or kinks;
• Ordinary rectangular buildings in plan, equipped with several gables with a complex roof structure;
• Buildings with extensions or later additions.

There are a great many design options for multi-forcep systems. Multi-level compositions are used, when each part is in its own plane and adjoins the next one through a section of the wall.

Sometimes the need for additional planes is caused by the presence of bay windows or the complex shape of the facade of the building. To build such a system, skills and experience are required to avoid mistakes or miscalculations..

Multi-gable roof

Advantages and disadvantages

The multi-gable roof is a very attractive design, and from an aesthetic point of view, it is most preferable due to the complexity of the design.

The advantages of such roofs are:

• The complexity of the composition implies the presence of many intersections of planes, creating a kind of stiffeners, significantly reinforcing the design;
• The load on the truss system is distributed between individual sections more harmoniously, thereby increasing the life of the entire system;
• The presence of an attic space of increased volume which can be effectively used;
• The appearance of such a roof gives the entire building a solid and attractive appearance, forms a certain architectural style and color.

The disadvantages of multi-forcep systems include:

• The complexity of the work, the independent construction of such a roof without special knowledge and experience is unlikely;
• Large volumes of building materials, which automatically means high costs;
• Inefficient consumption of roofing material. When laying the roof, a lot of scraps are obtained;
• The presence of many internal corners in winter contributes to the accumulation of snow masses, increasing the load on individual parts of the truss system.

In general, both advantages and disadvantages are the result of a complex configuration that creates difficulties in arrangement, requires high costs, but has an effective and attractive result.

Advantages and disadvantages

Multi-gable roof elements

The composition of the multi-gable roof structure includes a large number of elements.

These include:

• stingray. Roof section located in one plane. Multi-forcep systems have several slopes;
• Gable(or a gable, if it is not separated from the main wall by a cornice);
• Mauerlat. A supporting element located along the perimeter of the building, to which the lower ends of the rafters are attached;
• rafters. Inclined boards supporting the roofing. A row of rafters forms a plane - a slope;
• Endova (groove). The inner corner of the roof, formed by the connection of two planes;
• Ridge (or rib). Horizontal line connecting two planes of slopes;
• Frontal board. Element for the design of the ends of the slope;
• Eaves overhang. A section of the roof hanging down by a certain amount (usually 30-50 cm) to form a canopy, protecting from precipitation and providing more efficient drainage;
• drain. An element that drains rain or melt water in the roof surface into horizontal drainpipes;
• adjoining. Plot of connection of slopes with a vertical wall.

ATTENTION!

The main feature of a multi-gable roofing system is an increase in the number of elements - if there is one ridge on a gable roof, then there may be several on a multi-gable roof. This applies to all elements, the number of which is determined by the project and may vary.

roof elements

Arrangement and installation of the truss system

The creation of a multi-gable roof truss system is the most important stage in the construction of a multi-gable roof structure, the success of which determines the result of the entire construction.

The complexity of the work lies in the multiple intersections of planes that require proper installation.

Procedure:

1. Collection of data on the climatic conditions of the region- snow and wind loads, average monthly precipitation, the possibility of heavy wind gusts and other information that should be taken into account in the calculations;
2. Design and calculation. Without a thorough preliminary calculation of all structural elements, work cannot begin. You should find out the volumes of necessary materials, decide on the type of roofing, insulation, etc. In addition, it is necessary to stock up in advance with material for creating a truss system - wooden edged boards. They must be dried and aged for some time to gain the desired humidity, corresponding to the conditions of the site;
3. Laying mauerlat - the base of the truss system around the perimeter of the building. Pine timber is used (most often, 150 by 150 mm). At the same time, a bed is installed (if provided for by the project), which is the same beam located along the central axis. The presence of a bed is not necessary for all sections, it is usually installed along the upper cut of the central internal load-bearing wall;
4. Installation of racks (vertical support bars) and installation of runs (horizontal beams forming a ridge);
5. Installation of rafters. To form plane transitions pre-installed rafters, forming the lines of the location of the valleys. Along the line of the rafter to the ridge, shortened rafters are installed - sprigs, the length of which decreases as it approaches the point of junction of the ridge to the adjacent plane or axis;
6. All rafters or racks are reinforced with struts or rafter legs, distributing the load, not allowing to bend under pressure;
7. Structural elements are connected with metal fasteners- plates, the joints of the boards are reinforced with wooden bosses - pieces of boards installed at the junction. To strengthen the beam joints, staples, threaded studs, anchors are used;
8. Above the installed rafters horizontal laths of the crate are laid with a certain frequency. The softer the roof, the more often the boards of the crate are located.

CAREFULLY!

All work is carried out with constant monitoring of the accuracy of the installation, for which a stretched cord, building level or plumb line is used. Any deviation from the correct position must be corrected immediately.

Photo diagrams and drawings of the rafter system of a multi-gable roof of a private house:

Scheme of the truss system

Rafter drawing

Multi-gable roofing pie

A roofing pie is a combination of layers of vapor and hydroprotective materials and insulation.

Its action has several meanings.:

• Roof protection from damp air coming from within;
• Sealed cut-off transfers the dew point inside the insulation, eliminating the formation of condensate on the roof. Layers of steam and hydroprotection, in turn, prevent moisture from entering the insulation and ensure the invariance of properties and characteristics;
• Roofing cake is a good sound insulator, which is important when using steel roofing materials - metal tiles, corrugated board, etc.

The usual composition of the roofing cake includes three main components:

• Steam protection;
• insulation;
• Hydroprotection.

That is, the insulation layer is located between two insulators (which is why it is called a pie), which protect it from moisture and steam.

roofing cake

Installation of lathing, hydro and vapor barrier

Do-it-yourself step-by-step installation of all elements:

• The roof cake must be isolated from contact with the roof or wooden parts of the truss system. Therefore, before installing the elements of the cake, a counter-lattice is mounted, creating a ventilation gap. It is made of thin (2-2.5 cm) slats and is attached across the carrier batten of the rafters in increments of 30-40 cm. A layer of a vapor-hydroprotective membrane is installed on top of it, which allows steam to pass into the ventilation gap, but prevents moisture from entering inside. The membrane strips are installed horizontally from top to bottom, overlapping about 15 cm, the joints are connected with a special tape;
• After that, between the rafters directly on the membrane layer insulation is installed;
• Then a layer of vapor barrier is mounted. Usually it is a continuous polyethylene film, impermeable to the vapor in the air at home. Installation of steam protection is carried out in a similar way with hydroprotection, but starts from the bottom;
• Over the vapor barrier another layer of counter-lattice is installed. The dimensions are the same as on the outside - planks 2-2.5 cm thick are fixed on the ribs of the rafters with nails or self-tapping screws;
• Completing work interior lining installation.

The considered procedure assumes an installed roof. There is another method where the vapor barrier membrane is installed on the rafters before the roofing material is installed. A crate is placed on top of the membrane, the roof is laid. This method somewhat facilitates the work, but the rafters are in close contact with the insulation., in case of wetting of which they will also suffer.

Lathing installation

Multi-gable roof insulation

Insulation is made using one of the many types of material used for this purpose.

The most commonly used polystyrene foam (polystyrene), mineral wool, polyurethane foam.

For ease of use, plate materials should be used., having sufficient rigidity and having a uniform thickness that allows you to effectively fill the gaps between the rafters.

The insulation is placed tightly, without cracks or gaps, which are immediately filled with mounting foam.

If the installation is carried out in several layers, the material is laid with an offset to isolate the joints.

Roofing installation

The installation of the roof begins after the installation of the truss system (or the installation of a vapor-waterproofing membrane with a counter-lattice) is completed.

The installation procedure largely depends on the type of material chosen as roofing.

General requirements for all types of roofing material:

• Before starting material it is necessary to install all valleys, cornices, gutters and other additional elements, which are attached under the main cover;
• Roof sheets are laid in the opposite direction to the water flow (from bottom to top);
• Start laying from the bottom edge of the site, cutting a sheet of material in accordance with the angle of elevation of the valley to the horizontal;
• Sheets are fastened by standard means, for metal tiles or corrugated board, these are special galvanized screws equipped with special rubber gaskets;
• The sheets are installed overlapping by the amount specified in the material passport(the value may vary significantly for different types of coverage).

Creating a multi-gable roof is a difficult job with a lot of responsibility. Experience is required, having multiple knowledge of both construction disciplines and the physical essence of the work of a roofing pie.

Therefore, when building on your own, you should first obtain the necessary information and clarify for yourself all the unclear points. Then the work can be successful and a spectacular roof will please the owners of the house.

Roofing installation

In contact with

In the case when the “box” of the walls of the house has a complex configuration with various extensions, or the project involves the arrangement of dormer windows and remote or recessed balconies on the roof, as a rule, a multi-gable roof truss system is chosen, which has a very complex design.

Such roofs differ from the standard ones by the presence of several gables, which can be three or more. In addition, the multi-gable truss system includes several departments in its design, so that the house will look more presentable, especially in cases where the facade of the building is finished with a finish that matches the architectural style.

Basic design principles for multi-gable roofs

The multi-gable truss system has a structure that consists of separate slopes interconnected with each other. The upper part of the wall of the building departments, bounded on both sides by slopes, is called a gable (or pediment, if this section is separated from the wall of the house). Therefore, a roof that has not two gables (tongs), but several, is called a multi-gable roof.

Depending on the design features, on the number of such sections of the truss system, roofs can be three-gable, four-gable and even more complex.

This diagram shows the most commonly used design options for these complex structures. Moreover, as you can see, different sections of the same roof can be either ordinary gable or.

Installation of a multi-gable roof is quite complicated and requires a considerable investment in the purchase of materials, since they will always require more than for a conventional system. And the point is not only that such roofs have a larger total area - a complex configuration leads to the fact that when cutting the roofing material, a large number of scraps remain.

The complexity of erecting a structure leads to a high cost of work, so most often such options are chosen for arranging respectable mansions, somewhat reminiscent of ancient castles.

However, in various, sometimes somewhat simplified versions, multi-gable roofs have become widely used on quite “modest” country houses.

Architects, designers, builders endow this type of roof with the following positive characteristics:

• High bearing capacity and structural strength.
• Due to the fact that the multi-gable rafter system is calculated taking into account large loads, it has a high resistance to external influences, such as sudden gusts of wind or the pressure of large masses of snow.
• As a rule, the slopes of these types of roofs have a large slope, which contributes to the ease of their maintenance, since debris, snow and rain flows do not linger on them. Due to these qualities, roof repairs are carried out much less often.
• Multi-gable roofs have a high ridge, so in the space that forms under them, it is quite possible to equip living rooms, which is not always possible to do under traditional ones.

Let us turn to the basic principles of the construction of multi-gable roofs.

As you know, truss systems are layered or hanging, and in a multi-gable design, both options can be used at once. For example, above the main building, if it has a large area and has capital partitions inside, a layered system is installed, and a hanging system is installed above small compartments.

If the building is square or rectangular and it is planned to install a multi-gable roof on it, then it is recommended to provide additional support for it in the form of a load-bearing partition wall inside the house. This is due to the large weight of this type of roof.

This figure shows the main elements that are characteristic of this roof structure. Please note that both conventional gable and hip schemes can be used simultaneously.

1 - Roof slopes - a multi-gable roof always has more of them than a traditional one, and they may differ in their structure, area, and angle of steepness.

2 - Skate - this element will also be presented "in several copies", since it is indispensable to build each of the sections of the roof without it.

3 - The ribs are the outwardly protruding corners of the intersection of the planes of the roofing. As a rule, they are usually found on mansard or hip roofs.

4 - Gable or gable - the number of these elements may vary, depending on the complexity of the roof

5 - The frontal board frames each of the roofing tongs, covering the end edges of the roofing.

6 - Valley - this is the inner corner of the roof, formed along the junction line of different sections of the structure. This element will also be a kind of channel for water flow.

7 - The cornice overhang runs along the lower edge of the roof. It is covered from the ends with a wind board, and a drip is put on the edge to remove moisture from under the roofing into the gutter.

8 - An apron installed around chimney and ventilation pipes to prevent water from penetrating under the roof in passage areas.

The most, perhaps, the simplest multi-gable truss structure with the removal of the viewing window is shown in the diagram. However, it should be noted that more complex options with the presence of two or more built-in departments consist of the same parts, only they will require more.

A multi-gable roof has a high structural complexity and price, therefore it is usually used as a unique architectural solution on large country houses, whose owners prefer an unusual, but original design. In addition, as a result of the arrangement, several side attics are obtained. Due to the complexity of execution, it is not possible to build such a roof with your own hands.

Definitely, without the involvement of specialists, such an undertaking will take a lot of time, effort and money.
An excellent solution for a non-standard shape of houses will be a multi-gable roof. Under this form, you can mean a house in the form of "T", or "U", or "G", as well as other, most diverse, multifaceted forms. This construction bears its name from the name "tongue", which refers to the upper part of the wall, surrounded on both sides by slopes. That is, in fact, the gable is the same pediment, only without a cornice and any other architectural elements. In simple terms, this is a bare piece of wall, possibly with a window opening.

The types of a multi-gable roof are varied, and how many gables a house has, this is how the roof will be called: three - three-gable, four - four-gable, six - six-gable, eight - eight-gable. Houses of round, square and rectangular - typical perimeters, can also have a multi-gable roof as an ending. This is the common name, as you already understood, of a roof in which there are several tongs. This is understandable, now let's deal with the constructive part for greater clarity of the origin of this type of roof.

The design of a multi-gable roof is complex in the sense that it has not only external ribs, but also internal ones, referred to as a valley. They are key nodes, as they must withstand powerful loads, so there must be a system of supports and braces under them. However, the main node, which contains the construction of multi-gable roofs, is considered to be the intersection of the ridge beams (the upper horizontal ones, to which the rafters are mated), into which, in addition, the valleys adjoin. This node is provided with stability by a vertical riser - a massive beam supporting it from below, against the ceiling.

The device of a multi-gable roof becomes more complicated at all stages of the device, starting from the flooring, the device of the “pie”, especially the waterproofing of internal corners, ending with the roofing. The heavier the roofing material of the coating, the greater the load from precipitation - the more complex the frame structure of the rafters, braces, supports. Often, under such roofs, a living room (attic floor) is equipped, and this includes additional work on thermal insulation, vapor barrier, etc. However, there is an advantage in such roofs: each gable can be easily equipped with a window opening, therefore, the installation of window openings in the frame itself roofing can be reduced to a minimum or not at all.

Among roofs with straight planes of slopes, multi-gable roofs are complex types of roofs with numerous crossed slopes and internal angles between their joints. It is being built on buildings that are distinguished by a complex layout of various geometric shapes, multi-level attics and attic spaces.

A multi-gable roof is considered a complex structure. The complexity of the design is explained by the presence in such roofs of a large number of valleys and gables, the installation of which causes specific difficulties and additional costs.

The arrangement of the valley requires especially close attention, because it is through them that streams of rain and melt water will flow in the future. Also in these places there is the greatest accumulation of snow, and therefore they must have a significant bearing capacity and tightness. The professional formation of the valley, the main vulnerable element of the roofing, ensures reliable removal of melt and rain water from the roof.

Structural elements

In multi-gable roofs, the following structural elements are always and necessarily present:

pediments and pediment overhangs;

valleys formed when pairing forceps;

roof ridge.

Varieties of multi-gable roofs

The shape of a multi-gable roof can be very diverse and limited only by the imagination of the developer or designer. The number of tongs (gable elements with a ridge) in the roof can be from two to an unlimited number. Roof slopes can be in the form of triangles and trapezoids.

As a coating for multi-gable roofs, any roofing materials can be used, but provided that the roof frame (truss system) is properly designed, capable of withstanding all the loads on the roof during its operation.

Advantages and disadvantages of multi-gable roofs

The multi-gable roof structure has certain advantageous characteristics. These include:

· original, unique, graceful forms of a roof;

Ideal combination with buildings of any architectural forms;

balanced truss system;

the possibility of arranging a spacious attic and a significant increase in its usable area;

no risk of stagnant rain and melt water due to the large slope of the roof surface and the presence of grooves;

Reliability, strength, durability of the structure;

Compliance of the cost of a multi-gable roof with operational and aesthetic characteristics.

The list of shortcomings of this type of roof includes: the level of complexity of installation, the presence of a large number of valleys that complicate the process of arranging, maintaining and maintaining the roof, as well as a high consumption of building materials. The installation of a multi-gable roof is a labor-intensive construction work, for which it is necessary to seek the help of professional specialists. Roof installation takes longer.

Despite the serious shortcomings of a complex architectural form, the aesthetic, original, presentable appearance and performance characteristics of a multi-gable roof rightfully deserve the praise and attention of private property owners.

A multi-gable roof is arranged on houses with a complex polygonal shape of the plan. Such roofs have a greater number of valleys (inner corner) and ribs (protruding corners that form the intersection of the roof slopes), which require high qualifications when performing roofing work.

Buildings with a multi-gable roof have an original design. This type of roof is considered the most popular. He came to us from the West and began to be effectively used for the construction of various buildings. A project of the entire structure is preliminarily drawn up in a special program so that it is possible to visually assess the appearance of the future home. The difference between a multi-gable roof lies in the complexity of its construction. At the same time, it will look very original, and the structure with it will be refined and unusual. Note. Houses for the construction of such a design can be of any shape and size. It is much easier to construct a roof of this type on buildings with a rectangular or square shape. Installation of a multi-gable roof is carried out not only in order to protect the building from various climatic and weather phenomena. It can be installed in attics that need additional lighting, or in houses with a complex layout.

Benefits of a multi-gable roof
Attractive appearance. The roof is massive and unusual. Her project can be anything. It all depends on the parameters of the structure and its functionality.
Durability and reliability. Such a roof is easily able to withstand significant loads on its surface and at the same time not change its original appearance. All this is provided by a balanced frame of the truss system.
Durability. The service life of the roof structure is unlimited. True, it is worth considering that the material for its construction and design plays an important role.
Practicality. Rainfall will not accumulate on the roof of this type. All thanks to the slopes, which are located at a large angle of inclination.
Efficiency. You can use the space under the roof as you wish. You can make a room there. It is for this reason that not only the house, but also the roof is preliminarily drawn up.

But despite the dignity of this roof, there are a number of disadvantages:
The complexity of the construction of the roof ... The work requires professional training, especially if they are performed independently. In order to avoid mistakes in work, it is necessary to consult with experts in this field who will tell you how to properly develop a roof project and take into account the load of roofing material on the truss system.
A large amount of waste finishing and building materials. Due to the fact that the main characteristic of a multi-gable roof is the presence of a certain number of slopes and bends, the funds for its construction will be used irrationally.
It is one of the most expensive roofs.

Multi-gable roofs are also called hip roofs. Even not every professional can cope with the construction of such a structure.

The construction of such roofs is accompanied by the formation of ventilated attics, completely isolated from all heated rooms of the house.

Four-pitched hip roofs are also difficult because their installation is associated with a large consumption of roofing materials, and after their construction there is a lot of waste. Semi-hip roofs are formed by several slopes.

Despite the fact that such roofs look very beautiful, their projects are quite difficult to implement, as they are accompanied by the formation of valleys that require careful waterproofing work.

However, the expressive and stylish look of multi-gable roofs is worth it to make every effort during their installation.

Features of multi-gable roofs

Despite the difficulties that arise in the implementation of complex architectural forms of multi-gable roofs, they are very often used in the construction of private houses.

In fact, a multi-gable roof does not carry any functional load, but at the same time it does a tremendous job in creating the external architectural style of the building.

The simplest gable roof truss system is nothing more than a 90-degree intersection of two gable roofs.

When erecting a multi-gable roof truss system, elements such as rafters, girders, Mauerlat are used. As in any roof structure, the mauerlat is a support beam, through which loads are transferred from the rafter legs to the load-bearing walls of the house.

In addition, the mauerlat is the link between the roof structures and the walls of the structure. It is made of wooden blocks with a section of 150 by 100 mm or 150 by 150 mm and a length of about 1.5 m. For mounting rafters, as a rule, boards measuring 150 by 50 mm are used.

The rafter system is of two types: hanging and layered type. Its choice depends on the presence or absence of internal load-bearing walls or any other supports that replace them. Sometimes, when forming roofs with complex architectural forms, it is advisable to use both types of truss systems.

In the area of ​​​​connecting gable roofs, it is recommended to install diagonal (sloping) rafters, on which in the future the sprues will be based, which are shortened supporting elements. Due to the fact that the rafters are exposed to sufficiently large loads during operation, it is recommended to strengthen them during installation.

In the upper part, the truss structure is connected by a ridge run, which is made of interconnected boards or timber of sufficient section. In the event that additional structural reinforcement is required, it is recommended to install intermediate runs.

After the installation of the truss system is completed, they begin laying hydro-, steam- and heat-insulating layers. Laying of materials is carried out perpendicular to the roof slopes with an overlap of at least 15 cm and mandatory gluing of the joints with a connecting tape.

After laying the waterproofing layer, the elements of the counter-lattice are mounted, for the arrangement of which bars with a section of 50 by 50 mm or boards of 32 by 100 mm are used. The installation of the lathing is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the manufacturers of the selected roofing material.
Structural features of multi-gable roofs

As mentioned earlier, multi-gable roofs are quite complex structures. Some of their fragments may consist of variations of gable roofs, interconnected to form complex architectural structures.

Stages of construction of a multi-gable roof

· Removal from the structure of all necessary measurements.

· Creation of the project.

Correct calculation of the dimensions of the rafters and all structural elements.

· Installing the Mauerlat.

· Installation of truss system.

· Laying hydro, heat and vapor barrier layers.

· Installation of counter-lattices and battens.

· Laying of roofing material and arrangement of valleys and stiffening ribs.

The choice of the slope of the roof slopes directly depends on the chosen roofing material, the climatic features of the area, the intensity of wind loads, as well as the size of the snow cover and architectural features.

The multi-gable roof has a rather complex structure, and in order for it to be a reliable protection for the house, it must be properly installed.

And in order for this to happen, it needs the arrangement of such elements as grooves, valleys and stiffeners, the quality of installation of which directly affects the reliability of the future roof.

Multi-gable roof - the design is quite complicated. It is distinguished by the presence of numerous intersections of slopes, at which valleys are formed, the so-called formed internal corners. The valley is considered the most unreliable element. Indeed, the maximum amount of water flows through them, despite the fact that their slope is significantly less than that of the slopes. Snow accumulates there, increasing the load on the roof. Therefore, the valley can be considered the “weak” point of such structures. So, this roof is not only complicated in its structure, but it is also not at all easy to follow it.

At the junctions of the roof slopes, ribs are also formed, but, unlike the valleys, they form an external corner.

A vivid illustration of them is, for example, the place where two slopes in a quadrangular roof are connected.

The shape of the structure during the construction of this type is either polygonal, the scheme of which is presented below, or square. It can be installed on houses with a complex layout or in attics, for which it is necessary to provide special additional side lighting. For extensions of such buildings, different heights are characteristic.

However, neither this nor the significant cost, because the complexity of the geometric shape of the structure leads to an increased consumption of material, does not become an obstacle for those who seek to complete their building with an interesting and original accent.

A multi-gable roof, the drawing of which for many may seem no less complicated, nevertheless can be erected independently, but subject to strict adherence to the requirements of construction technology
How to make a multi-gable roof: device tips

Multi-gable can combine under a single roof structure a number of roofs that differ in their type and purpose. The complexity of its device lies in the large number of ribs, valleys, grooves. Its spire is more of an artistic character, and it is often used to install towers and domed roofs, emphasizing the architectural style. One of the most popular today are two-level coatings and half-hip roofs.
Rafter device

The basis of the roof structure is the truss system. Most often, it combines diagonal and hanging rafters directed to the corners of the walls. The complexity of such structures lies in the fact that all slopes do not rely on Mauerlats, as usual, but on diagonal legs. That is, the bearing capacity of the structure depends not only on the calculation of the sections of the system elements, but also on the implementation of the connection nodes and the installation of stiffeners.

The main node is considered to be the joint at one point of the ridges of the same level of different sections of the roof. The ridge beams are connected at a right angle, but, in addition, each of these angles also includes slanting legs, which are the main support for almost all rafters. The strength of this node is increased by installing puffs.
Slanted rafters are longer than conventional ones, so they are made paired. This technology simultaneously solves several problems:
a rafter with a double section is able to withstand an increased load;
rallying the boards makes it possible to obtain a continuous beam of greater length;
when connecting, the standard size of the parts used is unified.

It turns out that the same boards can be practically used for diagonal devices as for ordinary ones - and the use of boards of equal height for any type of rafters simplifies the constructive solution of roof nodes. In addition, semi-legs or joists are supported on them, thanks to which the layered supports are able to carry a load that is about one and a half times more than the maximum load for ordinary rafters.

The leaning of the sprigs on the diagonal leg is performed in two ways:
top surface support. A cut is made in the rafters in such a way that half of their section - the upper one - is above the diagonal leg, and the lower one rests on the side surface.
Support on the side. The main thing in this case is how well the supporting parts fit. The lower fixed rafter can be more firmly connected to the diagonal leg beam by nailing an additional support boss from the trim.

The bottom of the sloping supports, usually for landing on a truss, a beam of timber, thrown along intersecting external walls at an angle, a surf or run console, is cut into the horizon and fastened with nails.

But the diagonal supports located in the valley cannot be supported with a trussed truss.

A trussed truss is a trussed structure with two struts installed.

The fact is that the valley forms the inner corner of the walls, so they must be supported with racks or, in extreme cases, with struts.

By the way, the installation of roofing in the case of a multi-gable roof begins with the installation of valleys, which are formed at the intersection of mutually perpendicular planes. At the same time, the technology for the execution of this unit depends entirely on the material used as the main one for the roof.

A multi-gable roof over a square house has a large number of valleys, ribs, gables, gables. The gable is the upper part of the wall of the building, which is limited by two roof slopes and is not separated by a cornice from below.

When the upper part of the wall is separated from the lower part by a cornice, then this is already a pediment. The gable roof consists of two planes that rest on the walls and are limited by gables or gables from the ends.
What is a multi-gable roof

Multi-gable roofs are arranged on houses that have a complex layout, with side lighting of attics, covering extensions, gables above the entrances.

When constructing a roof such as a four-pitched hip roof, elements such as valleys must be present. You also need to know that a building with such a roof must have a ventilated attic, which will be completely isolated from all warm rooms.

Multi-gable roofs require a large consumption of roofing materials, and after its installation, quite a lot of material waste remains.

Such a type as a do-it-yourself ordinary semi-hinged roof is formed by installing several slopes. This is a rather complicated construction, the main disadvantage of which is the complexity of implementation.

When constructing this roof, the intersections of the slopes form internal corners (valleys). A large amount of water flows down them and therefore close attention should be paid to the waterproofing of such corners.

In addition, a large amount of snow can accumulate in the valleys, and this significantly increases the load on the roof. The main advantage of a multi-gable roof is its expressive appearance, as well as the overlapping of several rooms with a single-level roof.
gable roof

A gable roof is the heaviest roof in the construction of roofs, since there are many valleys, grooves, and ribs in the design. It is mainly used in buildings with polygonal building design, difficult architecture.

Gabled hip roofs are often used in the construction of private houses. The spire has an artistic character, and such elements are installed on domed roofs and towers.

These roofs do not carry a useful meaning, but they do a significant job in creating the architectural style of the building. In individual construction, a gable roof is a complex of several forms, sometimes so intricate that it is even difficult to recognize them.

Today, two-level coatings and half-hip roofs are popular.

Your attention!

The simplest design is the intersection of two pitched roofs at an angle of 90º.

The rafter system of a multi-gable roof consists of rafters, mauerlat, girders (beams). An element such as a mauerlat redistributes the load from the roof to the walls of the house through the rafters and thus connects to the walls.

It consists of wooden bars 150x100 mm and 150x150 mm. And also for this use pieces of timber having a length of 1.5 meters. The rafters for such a roof are assembled from dry pine boards, which have a section of 150x50 mm.

Rafters are hanging and layered - it depends on the presence or absence of additional supports, as well as on the design of the multi-gable roof. In the roof device, both types of rafters can be used simultaneously.

In places where gable roofs are articulated, slanting or diagonal rafter legs are installed, on which the sprigs (shorten rafter legs) will rest. Due to the fact that a very large load acts on the diagonal rafters, they need to be strengthened - to be rallied into two boards.

In the upper part of the rafters, they are connected with a ridge run made of boards or timber cohesive among themselves. If necessary, additional intermediate runs are installed.

After the rafter system is installed, the waterproofing film is laid in strips, perpendicular to the direction of the slope, with an overlap of at least 15 cm, as well as with mandatory gluing of the joints using connecting tapes.

Close attention should be paid to the places where the valleys are located, as large flows of water will flow along them.

On the rafters, bars of the counter-lattice are sewn after laying the waterproofing layer. Basically, bars with a section of 50x50 mm or boards of 32x100 mm are used to perform such work. Sheathing should be carried out in accordance with the instructions for the selected roofing.
Gable roof construction

gable roofs

A lot of owners of private houses want to know how to make a multi-gable roof.

This type of roofs are rather complex structures, and when such a structure is constructed, several fragments of the building can represent gable variations, which are then combined into a single complex, creating an amazing impression.

Do-it-yourself construction of a four-gable roof consists of the following steps:

It is necessary to take the correct dimensions of the house;

Correctly position stops, skates, valleys;

· then you should install a Mauerlat, which should run along the perimeter of the wall and serve as a reliable "foundation" of the roof;

Then the crate, waterproofing, the roofing itself, as well as steam and heat insulation are installed.

The design of the multi-gable roof is a pitched roof with sloping roof surfaces towards the outer walls and at the same time provides a natural runoff of melt and rainwater.

The choice of slope directly depends on the climatic conditions of the region, the roofing material and architectural requirements. In some areas, the slope angle is 90º.
The main elements of the roof

Schematic of a four-gable roof

The structural scheme of the four-gable roof consists of the following elements:

1. inclined planes - slopes;

2. rafters;

3. crates;

4. Mauerlat;

5. horizontal and inclined ribs;

6. skate;

8. grooves;

9. overhangs;

10. gutters.

The device of a multi-gable roof is a rather laborious process, since additional diagonal rafters should be installed at the intersection of the slopes when erecting such a structure.
In this case, elements such as grooves are formed, which are also called "snow bags". And when installing the roof, special attention should be paid to these elements, since with poor-quality installation, the roof will definitely leak in these places.
Roof shapes

With a complex roof, it is necessary to install valleys, which are the least reliable place on the roof, since snow accumulates in these places and the load on the truss system increases.

The four-gable roof is a design of slopes on four sides. It is also called hip or tent, and slopes - hips.

These structures do not require gable walls, but the truss system is more complex than the gable one.