Canadian stoves on wood. Choosing the right sizes
For effective solution tasks of heating a private house, you can use a device that is quite original in design - the Buleryan stove. This is a productive and economical equipment that has proven its advantages for long years operation in extreme weather conditions.
Design features
The heating system is designed in the form of an all-welded block in the form of a cylinder or drop, into which a plurality of curved pipes are inserted. They are sinusoidal and for the most part located inside the body.
Air is sucked in through the lower pipes, which heats up during movement and comes out hot. For 10-15 min. it can warm up to 100-120 degrees.
Manufacturers of Buleryan stoves note that due to pumping up to 4-6 m3 of air per minute through pipes, the room heats up almost instantly.
In the structure of the firebox, several compartments are distinguished. Cast iron grates are installed in the lower part. It is also possible to install a powerful steel grating.
In the upper part there is a steel partition with holes. It stands horizontally, not reaching the door. As a result, a chamber is constructively created, where the gases generated during the combustion of wood are partially utilized.
The fuel does not burn completely, because air enters through the holes. Finally, the gases burn out inside the pipe.
A door is used to hermetically block the exit of combustion products. A nozzle with a throttle is mounted in it. It is used to regulate the intensity of combustion.
The scheme of the Buleryan furnace assumes that gases that have not burned out in the furnace enter a tubular chimney up to 1 m long. Here the gas cools slightly, after which it passes into a vertically designed branch pipe.
The efficiency of the furnace is within 60-80%. In the presence of a special economizer, the efficiency reaches its maximum. Secondary afterburning takes place on the vertical section of the pipe. Moreover, the combustion process is pulsating.
To ensure high performance of the equipment, the pipes are insulated with basalt wool or mineral cardboard. Heated gases accumulate in the insulated section of the pipe, where, due to thermal insulation, the temperature rises again.
Heated and increased in volume gases block the pipe, as a result of which the process of their active burnout begins. This process accompanied by intense heat transfer.
Advantages and disadvantages of the heating system
There are many modifications of the furnace. In the photo of the Buleryan furnace, you can see the design features and typical equipment. Moreover, additional equipment is possible, which will increase the efficiency of use.
But even without it, the unit has many advantages:
- rapid heating of premises due to the convective effect;
- the possibility of selecting a model for the parameters of the room;
- economy in fuel consumption;
- ease of installation and operation;
- high level of efficiency, reaching 80% or more;
- security;
- the ability to adjust the intensity due to the mechanism on the door.
Buleryan type stoves can be used for heating residential and non-residential premises. Application in greenhouses and workshops, in warehouses is possible.
Due to the volumetric principle of operation, heat does not accumulate directly near the unit, but moves over the entire area.
At the same time, during operation, you should pay attention to several points:
- the need for pipe insulation;
- the need for a spacious place for the unit;
- the possibility of burning dust;
- the need to bring the chimney to a considerable height - more than 3-4 m;
- the possibility of condensation in the pipe and the appearance of smell inside the house.
How to heat the stove correctly
During intensive heating of the room, the active combustion mode is used. But for the stability of heating, smoldering is required. Pellets, wood chips, briquettes can be used as fuel.
Excellent performance indicators are demonstrated by the Buleryan wood-burning stove. But the use of coal is not allowed.
It should also be taken into account that intense combustion during the entire time of operation of the unit would cause burnout of the metal. Therefore it is not used.
At the first stage, it is required to provide ignition using fuel, which is characterized by high speed burning. For example, dry cardboard or wood chips are suitable. Such fuel should be enough for 25-30 minutes. work so that coals are formed already at the moment of complete heating of the room.
It is necessary to light a fire when the damper and throttle are open. Then the door should be closed. After the formation of coals, large logs or briquettes can be thrown into the furnace.
The throttle is fixed in the desired mode, and the gate is placed in the closed position. Stepwise heating begins with air outlet at 60-70 degrees.
High-quality heating of the cottage can be guaranteed through the use of models with a water circuit. The heated water begins to move in the heat exchangers. In this model, a compartment for ignition is provided - a firebox and a chamber for afterburning gases.
Water furnaces Buleryan provide fast heating of water. Moreover, it requires an increase in the temperature of its large volume. Almost all the energy of the unit is spent on these purposes.
No more than 7-10% of the energy reserve is used for heating. The coolant is transferred to the heating system or storage chamber. It is recommended to add a special antifreeze to the water.
How to install
To connect the oven with your own hands, you need to prepare a non-combustible base, which will protrude 300 mm beyond the perimeter of the oven. Suitable construction of four rows of bricks laid flat. For connection, a solution of clay is used.
Sometimes, as a stand, a structure is made of metal pipes up to 300 mm high. In front of the oven without fail a sheet of metal 500x700 mm should be placed.
It is also required to observe the distance to the walls. Its value depends on the material from which the wall is made. For example, when using wooden non-plastered surfaces, an indentation of at least 1000 mm is required, for single brickwork - more than 500 mm, for double masonry - more than 300 mm.
The chimney must be insulated and sealed. Necessary and Compliance fire safety requirements. If you decide to equip it with brick, then the walls must be at least 120 mm.
For concrete structure installed minimum requirements 60 mm. A metal chimney is also possible. The pipe is equipped with a height of at least 4 m and with a cross section of 120 mm or more.
The chimney can be discharged through the roof or wall. In the first option, it is required to correctly pass it through the ceiling and roof with minimum height above the ridge 500 mm.
The Buleryan oven is quite efficient and in a safe way heating of residential and industrial premises. You can choose the desired modification of the unit, depending on the requirements for temperature regime according to the layout of the house.
And to heat several rooms, it is enough to build air ducts and a thermal chamber or purchase a model with a water circuit.
Buleryan oven photo
The heating system of the Buleryan stove is an all-welded steel structure, surrounded by many pipes on the sides. Cold air from the floor enters through the lower pipes, passes through pipes pressed against the furnace, heats up and, flowing out of the upper pipes, is evenly distributed throughout the room. The air in the pipes, 10-15 minutes after the furnace is kindled, reaches a temperature of 100-120C.
The mode of gas generation of fuel combustion and its almost complete combustion raise the efficiency and heat transfer indicators to 80%. Fuel consumption is economical and slow. 2-3 fuel tabs are required per day. The power regulator on the firebox door and the gasifier regulator on the smoke pipe allow you to control the process of heat release and set the required temperature.
Buleryan oven with water jacket
One-stop solution for quality heating suburban housing can be a stove with a water circuit. Several rooms are heated by active circulation of heated water in heat exchange systems.
The Buleryan furnace with a water circuit is a simple and at the same time unusual device. The case is made in the form of a cylinder, consisting of two levels and resembling an ordinary barrel. The lower level - the firebox - for pre-ignition and temperature rise up to a certain level of the combustion chamber. And the upper level is made for afterburning wood gas. The main task of the furnace for water circuit- heat water in large volume. This appliance is equipped with built-in appliances that distribute approximately 10% of the energy for heating and the remaining 90% for hot water. Hot water enters the heating system or a special storage device, thereby providing the house with a comfortable temperature.
Experts advise, in addition to distilled water, to use a low-freezing universal antifreeze coolant in the heating system in order to provide the system with the required frost protection in case of non-permanent residence in a residential building.
Buleryan's analogs
The analogues of the convection oven Buleryan are the oven Breneran and the professor's stove Butakov. The design of Breneran is identical to Buleryan, only the first is German-made, and the second is domestic.
Professor Butakov's furnace design differs from Buleryan's a large number and a little big section of air pipes, hidden in the furnace body, and the air intake in them runs at a right angle. The body of the furnace is made in the form of a parallelepiped, the chimney is inserted into the upper plane. Embedded drawer for ash and a grate complete the design of the furnace. The difference in the point of entry of the chimney makes the operation of the furnace inconvenient. By changing the position of the damper on the chimney, you can easily get burnt about upper part furnace body or on the base of the pipe. Not equipped with a lock the rotary damper of the blower, when trying to set it on its own, moves under the weight of the handle.
In Buleryan and Breneran stoves, firewood burns almost completely with a minimum residue.
It should be noted that in ovens convection type domestic production often found minor imperfections- the absence of some structural elements, poorly made seams and other troubles. The German quality of the Buleryan stove does not allow such imperfections.
The smallest models Breneran and Buleryan (area 100 sq. m.) cost about RUB 9,000 Butakov's oven will cost RUB 8,500
Buleryan is ideal for Russian conditions a stove created using the latest technologies, which allows you to live, work and grow something with comfort at any time of the year. The heater can be installed in any room, whether it is a residential building, cottage, greenhouse, garage or hangar. Buleryan will easily and quickly heat up the building and will maintain the set temperature for a long time.
Buleryan stove - long burning design
Boiler Buleryan works on any solid fuel(peat, firewood, sawdust, cardboard, paper, etc.), which makes it very practical and affordable for the population. The use of coke, combustible liquids, charcoal as this may damage the boiler. This heater is so safe in operation that its installation is allowed even in fire-prone areas such as garages and woodworking shops. Thanks to the unique design, the furnace works with unthinkable high returns.
Principle of operation
Buleryan heats the room with streams of hot air, that is, it works on the principle of a heater. Cold air is sucked into the furnace by convection through the lower nozzles. Since these same pipes pass through the firebox, the air instantly heats up to 120 degrees and with force comes out of the upper nozzles. Hot air quickly spreads throughout the room in which this appliance is installed.
In the first compartment, the process of fuel combustion occurs, followed by the release of furnace gases. The gas enters the upper chamber, where it safely burns out. Thanks to this, the Buleryan oven has high efficiency(75-80%) and environmentally absolutely safe, since all harmful gases are burned out inside it. A properly adjusted oven does not even emit smoke.
Fuel consumption is slow and economical. It is necessary to lay fuel 2-3 times a day. A fully loaded firebox is capable of delivering heat evenly within 8-12 hours. The power regulator located on the door of the fuel chamber and the regulator-gasifier located on the flue pipe allow you to set the required temperature and control the process of heat release. The main part of the heat (90%) is released by hot air flows through the upper nozzles of the device, and only 10% is emitted by the furnace itself. Therefore, its surface almost never heats up.
Buleryan is a volumetric long-burning furnace, that is, it is designed for a certain volume of the room in which it will be installed. The smallest oven from the Buleryan line is capable of produce 4.5 cubic meters hot air per minute. Heating devices of this series have different standard sizes, depending on the thermal power and are designed for heating rooms with a volume of 100 to 1000 cubic meters. In terms of quality and efficiency, the Buleryan stove is much superior to traditional stoves and heaters that are expensive to install. Considering that the efficiency of a simple stove is only 3-7%, then using the Buleryan boiler will reduce your fuel costs by 10 times.
Furnace burning modes:
- intensive;
- smoldering. This mode is the main one, since when the furnace is operated in intensive mode, the device wears out quickly and, as a result, the furnace begins to consume fuel like an ordinary potbelly stove.
Advantages:
- autonomy, i.e. complete independence from external sources power supply (gas, electricity); high efficiency - 80% efficiency, uniform heating of the room, work on one tab up to 12 hours;
- a large selection of models;
- ease of installation and maintenance;
- since the fuel burns out almost completely, it is recommended to clean the device only for preventive purposes;
- extensive scope - private houses; cottages; country cottages; greenhouses; commercial, business and industrial premises.
Disadvantages:
- Absence hob, i.e. it is impossible to cook food on such an oven;
- the Buleryan boiler requires constant loading, since it is completely devoid of inertia in a non-working state; it practically does not keep heat);
- unpresentable appearance. Although, if desired, it can be styled with stones or some other home accessories;
- open combustion chamber. During the operation of the oven, the humidity in the room decreases, which can adversely affect the well-being of people, so you should consider purchasing a humidifier.
Depending on the modification, the Buleryan furnace price varies from 9000 to 47000.
The Buleryan boiler is manufactured using the latest technologies made of thick high-quality steel and is practically indestructible.
Mounting
When choosing a room for installing the Buleryan stove, it should be noted that this device needs in constant flow fresh air
. The place is determined taking into account the most efficient heating of the building.
The stove is mounted on a stand, at least 20 cm high, made of non-combustible material (metal, brick, stone, etc.). On the floor, near the furnace door, a sheet of iron 0.5-0.7 m is laid.
Installation and operation of Buleryan provides for a chimney 5 m high, and for more powerful models- 7 m. Best Option is the installation of a heat-insulating chimney. This is explained by the fact that when leaving the device, the gases have a low temperature, resulting in the formation of condensate. Chimney insulation easily and successfully copes with this problem. Often homeowners install chimney from of stainless steel with high heat resistance.
The advantages of this material are as follows:
If installed brick chimney, wall thickness should not be less than 12 cm diameter chimneys- 12-15 cm, it is not recommended to narrow it.
Distance from instrument to flammable furnishings should be at least 0.6 m.
By installing Buleryan at home (at the dacha, in the garage), you will not only save your money, but also free yourself from all further expenses for its maintenance.
There is an opinion that the Buleryan stove was once made by ordinary Canadian lumberjack guys. All this is false information, because it is simply impossible to make such a difficult unit for a person far from the basics of heat engineering. This heating unit was invented smart people- engineers and designers, although they were made specifically for lumberjacks. Why? The thing is that in Canada the forest is felled only in winter, when nature sleeps. And they don't fall large areas, and selectively plots. Therefore, lumberjacks have to move from place to place all the time. And in a new place you need to immediately warm up. Therefore, rather stringent requirements were imposed on this design of the furnace.
- The heating unit must quickly heat up and warm up the heated room. And all this should happen in 20 minutes, no more.
- It should work not only on firewood, but also on wood chips, sawdust, branches and branches.
- small dimensions, because the oven will have to be constantly transported.
- But at the same time, there should be a capacious enough firebox so that large logs and snags can fit into it.
- Working time from one bookmark is not less than 8 hours. It will be difficult for a tired person to wake up and lay firewood.
- Ease of power adjustment so that the hard worker, after the first introductory briefing, can easily cope with the boiler.
- The furnace itself should be inexpensive, but at the same time quite technologically advanced.
- It must be one hundred percent non-volatile. Imagine what it would be like in the taiga, where there are no workshops to replace a small electronic plateau.
- Also in the design there should be no alloys, the processing of which requires the presence special equipment. This should be a simple oven in all respects.
- The developers have not forgotten about safe operation this unit. First, the formation of intoxication was completely excluded in any situation. The second is the heater itself, or, more precisely, its body did not exceed + 70 ° C in terms of heating temperature. This was taken into account so that the waking lumberjack, stumbling upon her, would not get burned.
All this Canadian engineers managed to take into account and invest in Bulleryan's design.
The design of the Buleryan stove
Unit device
Buleryan heating stoves are actually not a 100% development of Canadians. The invention was based on a model of a steel stove, which among the inhabitants was called a stove-heater. And, in fact, this is an air-type convection-pipe boiler long burning.
So, what is the peculiarity of Buleryan?
pipe battery
By the way, the flame in the economizer is located in a very confined space. He has nowhere to go, so there is a partial movement of both the flame and the warm combustible gases down back into the furnace. In this case, the combustion in the combustion chamber quickly subsides. The thermal plug obtained in the economizer begins to cool and slips further down the chimney. The intensity of combustion begins to grow.
What is good about such an oscillatory mode of operation potbelly stoves of Buleryan? This makes it possible to keep the work on the verge of decay and flame.
Attention! Efficiency of 80% is achieved only by the presence of an economizer in the chimney of the unit, without it this figure does not exceed 60%. like this desired node. Although some consumers get along with an efficiency of 60% by removing the economizer. But at the same time, the life of the stove is reduced to three years.
Two boilers with different power
Pipes in Buleryan
I would like to draw your attention to the photo above. You can notice that the left and right designs differ from each other in size and number of pipes. It is clear that these are two models with different power, the left one is low up to 25 kW, the right one is higher up to 100 kW.
Why are we comparing these two positions? We would like to draw your attention to the fact that there are certain rules according to which a boiler with a certain power is assembled. Firstly, they use pipes with a diameter of 60-100 mm. Secondly, the number is different. But keep in mind this point - the diameter of the pipes cannot be used depending on the power of the installation. That is, they are not proportional. Power is directly related to the number of pipes. And the greater the power of the unit, the more pipes will have to be installed in it.
Once again, let's turn your attention to the photo above, the right figure. Purely visually, it can be noted that the shape of this device is drop-shaped. Why is it necessary? The thing is that the pipe design affects the decrease in the efficiency of the device. If the diameter of the pipes is increased or their number is increased, then in both cases the efficiency drops. It is the drop-shaped shape that helps to restrain the decrease in efficiency. It would seem an unimportant detail, but it was she who played essential role in the efficiency of the oven. In this way, the inventors solved one of the main problems of this type of design. But this form works only in one case, if the furnace power does not exceed 120 kW. The shape of more powerful models will have to be modeled using computer programs.
How does the stove work
Here is such a complicated device of the Buleryan furnace. Although there is nothing complicated about this, therefore, many home craftsmen are wondering if it is possible to make a Buleryan oven with your own hands? Of course, you can, if you are a good welder, because the assembly of a metal unit occurs only with the help of electric welding, where an important component is the tightness and reliability of the seams of the product.
Variations on a Theme Buleryan
So, the Buleryan stove is a convection unit that heats the room with the help of warm air heated inside the pipe structure. But the inventors did not stop there. They began to offer various modifications, and one of them is the Buleryan furnace with a water circuit. By the way, here it is in the photo below.
Boiler with water circuit
In fact, this is exactly the same design with the only distinctive nuance - not air, but a coolant circulates inside the tube battery. Therefore, all pipes are interconnected by branch pipes. That is, a single sealed circuit is created that can be connected to heating system at home or connected to a separate boiler.
I would like to add that this design of the boiler works perfectly on the principle of natural circulation of the coolant. Heat water and a pressure collector can raise the coolant to a height of up to 8 m. low-rise construction using given type boilers, you can do without the installation of circulation equipment. And this is a big plus in saving energy consumption.
Small Buleryan stoves perfectly heat the bath, plus they heat the water for washing. And although the smallest unit is designed for a larger amount of heating, our Russian craftsmen were able to use this type of stove in small bathhouses.
Buleryan in the heating system
Kindling technology
- First, you need to quickly heat the room, so fuel is placed in the furnace, which quickly flares up. It must be dry. By the way, it can be just paper or cardboard in in large numbers. The fuel is ignited, the gate opens and the blower damper opens, the door closes. In fact, the Buleryan boiler starts to work like an ordinary potbelly stove with an efficiency of 20-40%. At the same time, from the pipes begins to flow into the room hot air– 4 pipes emit 4-6 m³ per minute. Here is the performance. In addition, the air inside the battery will warm up to +140°C. That is why the room heats up so quickly.
- Experience is needed here, because the accelerating laying to the coals should literally reach 4-5 minutes. If the door is equipped with glass, then you can look through it. If there is no glass, then only blow through the pipe. The door is not recommended to be opened.
- If the bookmark burned down to coals, it is necessary to carry out an additional bookmark from large logs. The bigger the better.
- But now the damper must be closed, and the damper should be adjusted to fit required level. By the way, it has a gradation, so you can navigate by it.
- After all the manipulations, the boiler goes into pyrolysis mode. Therefore, the air coming from the pipes has a temperature of +75°C, and the boiler body cools down to +55°C. That is, the unit goes into regular mode work.
thermal image