Wood buleryan. What you need to make a Breneran type convection oven

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What is a Buleryan oven, how does it work and how much does it cost now

Many have seen the Buleryan metal furnace, but not everyone knows what it is, how it works and why it has such an outlandish appearance. I decided to correct this unfortunate misunderstanding and then we will analyze in detail the device of the stove and the principle of its operation. And for those who are going to buy such a unit, an overview of prices and do-it-yourself operating tips will be given.

Features of Bullerjan ovens

Such stoves are often called improved modern potbelly stoves. This is only partly true, because from their predecessors they took only a metal case and a chimney,

A few words about the history of creation

The Bullerjan is believed to have been constructed by Canadian lumberjacks while they were spending long evenings in their winter quarters in the forest, but this is just a beautiful legend invented to increase sales.

In fact, the design was created by the American inventor Eric Darnell in 1975. It happened in the state of Vermont on the very border with Canada. The stove was made for the home and the first serial copies really came out in Canada under the Free Flow brand.

Around 1982, German businessman Erhard Knofler, traveling through Canada, saw the stove and negotiated with Darnell to buy the rights to it. After that, the German registers the Bullerjan trademark and under it begins to mass-produce such stoves.

How the design works

The principle of operation here is based on the elementary laws of physics:

• The furnace body is welded from curved pipes with a diameter of about 50 mm;
• The lower part of such a pipe is located near the floor, and the upper one rises above the furnace;
• Cold air is sucked in from below and, having passed through the pipes, is heated to a temperature of 100–150 ºС.

The more such pipes are welded, the higher the productivity of the furnace will be. In addition, pipes can be connected to ventilation and heated by one stove several rooms at the same time.

In part, this design can be compared with a pyrolysis solid fuel boiler. long burning. The fact is that inside, in addition to the furnace itself, there is also a chamber in which gases are burned out, as a result, the efficiency of the furnace increases significantly.

It is estimated that if there good fuel The efficiency of such a design can reach up to 80%, which is still a record for autonomous metal furnaces without turbocharging.

Buleryan is positioned as a stove that works exclusively on wood, but this is more of a recommendation, if you pour coal into it, it will work even more efficiently, however, with regular coal “attacks”, the metal of the furnace will quickly burn out.

The temperature in the furnace and the gas afterburner is regulated by two dampers, one of which is installed on the door, and the second on the chimney.

The oven can operate in 2 modes:

1. Fast heating- this is when all the dampers open and the oven is brought to maximum heating. As a result, in a matter of minutes, the temperature of the air leaving the upper pipes reaches 150ºС, which allows you to heat the room in a maximum of an hour;
2. Stable gasification- when the required maximum in the room is reached, the furnace is switched to the stable gasification mode. To do this, the firebox is completely filled with dry firewood, and the dampers partially overlap. In the gasification mode, Buleryan produces a temperature of 60–80 ºС.

Such a stove is well suited for giving, in addition, now there are models designed specifically for a bath with a water circuit, because heating with a sauna heater is much lower in efficiency, with Buleryan in the steam room you can bring the temperature to a maximum in less than an hour.

Price Overview

If we talk about real German Bullerjan stoves, then there the price only starts from 50 thousand rubles, and the cost of elite models reaches a quarter of a million. However, there is a great way out of this situation, our enterprising people copied the Bullerjan principle and launched a whole line of stoves under the Breneran brand on the market.

Believe me, if you cover up the logo, then you will not distinguish the German "potbelly stove" from the domestic counterpart, plus the quality of our devices is no worse than the German one, and most importantly, the price starts from 12,600 rubles.

The cost of furnaces varies depending on the volume of the room in which the installation of the unit is planned, as well as on the availability of side options, for example, such as hob or water line. The prices in the article are current in the summer of 2017.

A photo	Characteristics of the domestic analogue Bullerjan
	AOT-06. The most popular model, designed for 100 m³, is welded from steel and costs 14,100 rubles. Exactly the same model, but without glass insert in the doors costs 12,600 rubles. Volume 200 m³ - 19,350 rubles; Volume 400 m³ - 24,300 rubles; Volume 600 m³ - 36,350 rubles; Volume 1000 m³ - 44 850 rubles.
	AOT-06 with frying surface. A model designed for rooms of 100 m³ with one burner costs 17,250 rubles, for a volume of 120 m³ with two burners it costs 18,750 rubles.
	Furnace with a water circuit "Aquaten" from Breneran. Aquaten 100 m³ - 18,900 rubles; Aquaten 200 m³ - 27,900 rubles; Aquaten 400 m³ - 32,350 rubles; Aquaten 600 m³ - 54,450 rubles; Aquaten 1000 m³ - 65 850 rubles.
	Bath heater. In this model, a grate is provided on top, into which stones are laid. The price for it usually fluctuates around 14,300 rubles.

When choosing, first of all, look at the thickness of the metal of the furnace, not a single self-respecting manufacturer will put iron thinner than 5 mm on a case of a similar design.

• For this kind of construction, it is best to install chimneys from insulated sandwich pipes, they are made of smooth stainless steel, so they will have to be cleaned much less frequently;
• If we talk about the disadvantages of Bullerjan and its analogues, then there are only 2 of them: firstly, it is undesirable to constantly heat the stove with coal, and secondly, you can get burned on any “potbelly stove”, so some kind of parapet around will definitely not be superfluous;
• The stove must be installed on an asbestos or some similar shield, and there must be at least 1 m of free space around the perimeter of the unit, this is in case a burning log falls out of the furnace;
• Theoretically, you can put any firewood into the stove, but if you constantly heat with freshly cut damp wood, especially conifers, then once a month you will have to clean both the stove itself and the chimney.

Output

The Bullerjan stove and its analogues are really a very convenient and efficient “potbelly stove”, from the models described above you will surely be able to choose the right one for you. The video in this article gives a practical overview of the operation of such a unit. If you have any questions, feel free to knock in the comments, I will be happy to help.

At the same time, they are distinguished by amazing efficiency and high efficiency, which can reach an impressive 85%. The advantages of such furnaces also include a quick and trouble-free start after a long downtime, the possibility of ignition at sub-zero temperatures, minimum requirements to start operation.

Buleryans can operate in two modes - burning fuel, when there is a need to ensure quick heating of any room, and smoldering, in which the stove will relatively stably maintain the necessary indicators on the thermometer. Additional maintenance, except for the periodic laying of a new batch of firewood after 5–12 hours and, if necessary, a simple adjustment of the draft, is not required at this time.

Scope of ovens

Wood stoves have proven themselves in heating household facilities (greenhouses, workshops, garages). Buleryans can also be used as alternative backup heating in a private residential building. For example, they come in handy during the off-season, when weather forced to warm up the room for a short time.

In severe frosts, such stoves can help maintain comfortable temperature at home, greatly easing the load on central system heating. This is a great option for giving, if you plan to come there periodically, but in different time of the year. Equipping serious heating communications in this case does not make sense.

Buleryan, on the other hand, is the best suited for quickly and easily solving the problem with heating the house. In addition, these stoves are distinguished by their peculiar beauty and, in addition to their main functions, can become an original and unusual element that allows you to decorate the interior of the room in a non-standard way.

Buleryan stoves are inexpensive and easy to purchase, or even. Installation of such heaters is extremely simple, and if desired, it can be done independently. It will only be necessary to determine and properly equip a place for the stove, install the unit and connect it to the chimney.

You may also be interested in an article on how to make a do-it-yourself diesel fuel drip oven:

Place for oven

The location of the stove in the house is of great importance. For heating the entire building, it is better to equip a place on the ground floor in the very big room. Then the warm air from the working furnace will gradually spread to all other rooms.

Individual placement is preferable in cases where it is supposed to be used to heat only one room. Heating appliances of this type are installed with the expectation that they can:

• effectively heat the entire room;
• do not interfere with the free movement of people;
• have enough space for maintenance;
• and a constant supply of air for burning fuel.

Most often, Buleryan furnaces are located near external or internal walls Houses. Corner placement is very popular. Installation in the center of the room is also possible, but only on condition that the room is spacious enough. For safe operation heater the following minimum distance from the furnace body to the walls must be maintained:

• 1 meter - for wooden structures;
• 0.7 meters - for plastered and tiled bases;
• 0.5 meters - for single brickwork or a protective structure made of mineral wool and all-metal sheet;
• 0.3 meters - for double brickwork with lining of non-combustible materials.

In addition, there should always be an unoccupied space in front of the firebox with a size of at least 1.25 meters. According to fire safety requirements, it must be covered with a solid sheet of metal to prevent accidental ignition of the room from a fallen spark.

Base for oven

The base for the oven can be, for example, cement strainer. This strong, durable and fire-resistant coating will simultaneously provide good stability of the unit and fire safety in the building. In addition, it is possible to build a solid brick podium with subsequent tiling or stone lining.

As a foundation option, it is allowed to lay an asbestos-cement sheet on the floor under the entire base of the furnace, plus the top coating must be made of solid thick metal, securely fixed around the entire perimeter. Minimum dimensions bases must be larger than the dimensions of the furnace model:

• on the sides - 20 cm on each side;
• front and rear - 0.6 m.

Note: ovens must not be placed on wooden floors, linoleum or any other flammable surface. Everything similar materials it is worth removing it immediately, and to install Buleryan, prepare a good foundation at the chosen place.

If the foundation for the furnace was made flush with the floor, in order to improve air circulation through the lower openings of the pipes and, as a result, better heating of the room, Buleryan should be raised to a slight elevation. It can be:

• brickwork on clay mortar with subsequent lining with decorative non-combustible material;
• welded metal stand made of pipes under the legs of the structure;
• stone slabs, provided they are intact.

The minimum lift height should be 20 cm, the maximum 60 cm. The oven must be placed on a raised platform and must not wobble. (How to make a stand for the Buleryan oven yourself read in).

Chimney for oven

Scheme of the chimney device for the Buleryan furnace

An important point in the installation of Buleryan is the installation of the chimney. The operation of the furnace provides for the constant removal of smoke through a straight vertical channel with a minimum horizontal section in the area of ​​​​the outlet pipe, which is located on the rear wall of the casing structure. Depending on the location of the heater inside the house, there are two options for placing chimney pipes:

• outside the building (when the furnace is located near the bearing walls);
• inside the house (when it is located near internal partitions).

Click to see the diagram of the chimney for the Buleryan stove inside the house

1. The minimum height of the chimney according to the manufacturer's recommendations should be 5 m for the smallest model, and 6 and 7 m for large stoves. Wherein top part pipes should rise at least 0.5 m above the highest point of the roof. Exceeding this indicator by 1.5 m indicates the need for a device special system stretch marks designed to keep the chimney stationary.
2. The upper part of the pipe should be equipped with a protective element in the form of a fungus or a cone. So atmospheric precipitation will not be able to penetrate the chimney, and the draft will be stronger.
3. For periodic cleaning of the chimney from soot and condensate, a tee is placed in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe junction of the horizontal and vertical sections, Bottom part which continues with a small piece of pipe and ends with a removable plug.
4. With an external location of the chimney, its horizontal part is carried through the wall by means of a special passage pipe, a shaped element with thermal insulation that protects the walls from high temperatures of furnace gases. A bracket is attached in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe tee, which supports the entire structure of the chimney. The vertical part along the facade is reinforced every 2 meters with clamps or wall brackets to give the pipe additional rigidity.
5. The internal location of the chimney involves the passage floors and roofing, which are carried out through the passage pipe and roof penetration, respectively. In houses where the floor is made of wood, it is worth taking additional measures precautions. Between the structural elements and the sleeve of the branch pipe, it is necessary to lay additional insulation from any non-combustible foil insulation.

Take note: the joints of the chimney elements can be fastened together with a clamp, rivets or self-tapping screws, which will only add additional strength to the entire structure. However, care must be taken that the docking does not fall on the marching pipes located both in the wall and in the interfloor ceilings.

After finishing the installation of pipes, it is worth checking the draft force in the chimney channel. The easiest way is to use a regular newspaper. A small fragment of the sheet must be brought to the open lower opening of the chimney. If there is traction, the paper will immediately react with deviations towards the channel.

Now it remains only to install Buleryan in the place due to him, connect the stove to the chimney and insulate the joint with stove sealant. To check the quality of the work performed, it is also worth arranging a control ignition of the furnace big amount dry chips. The absence of smoke in the room and "leaks" at the joints of the chimney elements will indicate that everything was done correctly. On this, the installation of the Buleryan wood-burning stove can be considered completed.

Watch an overview video about the Buleryan furnace:

The Buleryan stove is often called a stove without flaws. And indeed it is. With only one exception, which does not concern design, performance or economy. The only drawback: very caustic condensate is released, which cannot be disposed of and it is difficult to figure out where to put it. Everything. There are no more shortcomings.

The design and principle of operation of "Buleryan"

This heating unit was developed specifically for the mobile teams of Canadian lumberjacks, who roam from place to place during the season (in winter). Therefore, high requirements were initially placed on safety and efficiency: the stove should heat the room in a matter of minutes. At the same time, no complicated settings and adjustments should be made, the possibility of getting burned should be minimized, the ingress of carbon monoxide into the room should be impossible. What's more, it's light weight. Here is such a set. And I must say that "Buler" (one of the names of this design) fully corresponds to them, for which a huge "thank you" must be said to Canadian heating engineers.

The design of the Buleryan furnace - many interesting and effective solutions

The furnace body is shaped like a cylinder powerful models and drop-shaped (in cross section) in units for large heated areas. Pipes bent along a sinusoid are built into the body. They are for the most part located inside the body, protruding from it only 1/3. This is done for optimal heat transfer: cold air is sucked into the lower pipes, moving through the pipes it heats up and comes out already hot. In the active combustion phase, the output can be 120 ° C or slightly higher. From 4 to 6 cubic meters are pumped per minute, so the room heats up really quickly.

The firebox is divided into 3 parts. The top and bottom are separated by ¼: at the bottom there are cast iron grates or a grate made of thick structural steel (at least 4 mm thick). The upper quarter of the firebox is separated by a steel sheet with holes that occupy about 7% of its area. This partition is installed horizontally and does not reach the door by about ¼ of the length. In this secondary chamber, partial combustion of gases released during the combustion of wood occurs. The air for this process comes from the furnace through the holes in the partition. Because the combustion of fuel is incomplete (yet). But not the whole process takes place in the furnace, the rest of the gases burn out in the pipe.

The door is wide-format, the fit is sealed, it has a branch pipe with a built-in rotary throttle, which plays the role of a blower. Adjusting its position, change the intensity of combustion. Some manufacturers supply this choke with a scale marked in degrees.

But these are not all features. The main one is that part of the combustion products of wood occurs in the pipe. From the upper part of the furnace, unburned gases exit into a horizontal section of the chimney, up to 1 meter long. This section is obligatory for the Buleryans, the combustion of gases slows down a little in it, they cool down a little. Then the chimney turns up. And here the original Bulerjan has an economizer - a device that completes the process of afterburning pyrolysis gases. With it, the efficiency of the furnace is in the region of 80%, and without - about 60%, which is also not bad, but ... In the section of the chimney pipe 15-30 cm long, secondary burnout of gases occurs. Burning is not constant, but periodic: it flares up, then it fades.

To obtain this effect, the pipe is carefully insulated. To do this, use heat insulators that tolerate high temperatures ( basalt wool, mineral cardboard, etc. layer 3-5 cm depending on the characteristics of the material). The gases that have not completely cooled down in the horizontal section of the pipe enter this section, where, due to good thermal insulation, it accumulates a large number of thermal energy. The temperature of the gases rises, they flare up again. The flared gas increases in volume, but due to the limited volume, it clogs the pipe lumen. A cork of gases is formed. All gases burn out, cool down and are absorbed. Then the process is repeated. Its intensity and frequency depend on the quality of the firewood and the position of the throttle. "Buleryan" itself adjusts to these parameters without additional adjustments.

At the outlet of the furnace, a slide gate is installed to control the draft intensity. The diameter of the damper is less than the diameter of the chimney by about 10-20%. A sector about a quarter of a circle in size is cut out of the damper disc. This plug is welded to a metal rod, with which it is movably attached to the pipe. With this gate and throttle on the door, the combustion mode is set. How often the furnace “puffs” depends on the fuel and their position.

It is worth agreeing that the Buleryanov device is original and expedient in everything. very interesting and unusual solutions and provided these furnaces with high popularity. Moreover, even without the last afterburning in the pipe, the device is used, and they do not complain: its efficiency is much higher than air heaters of other designs. Added to this is high security: even leaving open door it's impossible to burn. Just like getting burned on a hot case: in normal operating mode, its temperature is only 50-60 ° C, which is clearly not enough for a burn.

How to drown

The main operating mode of "Buleryan" is the smoldering mode (firewood, pellets, wood chips, briquettes). Intensive burning - only at first for fast heating of the room. If combustion is constantly active, the metal will quickly burn out: it was not created for such a regime.

To begin with, the oven must be ignited. For these purposes, you can use paper, cardboard, pellets, dry wood chips, etc. the main requirement is dry fuel burning at high speed. Bookmark volume - for 20-30 minutes of burning. Here you need to adapt: ​​the fuel should turn into coals at a time when the room is almost completely warmed up.

The fire is lit with the damper and throttle open, the door is closed. The fuel burns actively and the room heats up quickly: at this time, from 4 to 6 cubic meters of air passes through four pipes per minute, and the outlet temperature is around 140 ° C. So even a decent room will not take much time.

The process must be observed: through the glass in the door or through the open throttle, however, the second method is very inconvenient. When the fuel turns into coals, coarsely chopped firewood is thrown into the furnace. You can also make whole logs, just push through ... You can lay briquettes. What can't be used is charcoal. The oven is not designed for such temperatures. Bulleryany is a purely wood-burning stove.

Now set the throttle to the mode that is required (you can go to the extreme position up to the limiter), the damper to the “closed” position (¼ of the chimney section remains open). In this position, the fuel smolders, and the process proceeds in steps. Air comes out of the pipes, heated to 60-70 o C, and the furnace body at the same time has a temperature of about 50 o C.

How not to heat: you do not need to "accelerate" the oven to super high temperatures. And it's not just that the metal will burn out. It's just that with such a design, most of the heat cannot be transferred to the air through the heating pipes: its thermal conductivity is limited. And all the excess will simply fly away through the chimney to the street. Therefore, the manufacturer categorically advises against using coal or coke: a waste of money, and besides, the equipment will quickly fail, and the plant will not accept claims - the operating conditions are violated.

Installation "Buleryan"

When installing, you must maintain the distances to the walls, which are recommended by the fire department. Examples of wall protection and distance to the furnace depending on the material:

• wooden unplastered - not less than 1000 mm;
• a heat insulator layer of 7 mm, and a metal of 1 mm on top - a distance of 500 mm;
• non-combustible plaster with a layer of 25 mm and ceramic tile- 700 mm;
• single brickwork (55 mm) - 500 mm;
• double brickwork (110 mm) - 300 mm;
• a shield of two sheets of metal 1 mm thick, assembled with non-combustible inserts, the distance between the sheets is 30 mm; the structure is mounted on a wall protected by a layer of thermal insulation - the distance to the walls is 300 mm.

The Bulerjan oven must be installed on a non-combustible base. It can be four rows of bricks laid flat. A clay mixture is used as a solution. The dimensions of the base are 30 cm larger than the parameters of the furnace in any direction. To save bricks, voids can be left in the bottom two rows. Another type of non-combustible base is a metal stand for "Buleryan" made of pipes. Its height is 150-300 mm. With any method of installation on a combustible floor in front of the stove, there must be a metal sheet its dimensions: width 500 mm, length 700 mm.

Rules for installing Buleryanov on a combustible floor

When installing the Buleryan stove with your own hands, it is important to make the chimney correctly. They are presented General requirements(except that it must be completely insulated, but this is not a requirement of firefighters, but technological nuances). The chimney pipe can be:

• Brick. Wall thickness 120 mm.
• Concrete with a wall of 60 mm.
• Metal (including a sandwich).

Chimney parameters depend on the model. For Buleryan ovens type 00 and 01 minimum height- 4 m, section 120 mm; for models of type 02, 03 and 04 - above 5 m, with a cross section of 150 mm. The chimney must be made airtight, the joints must be sealed

Both ways of removing the chimney are allowed - The outlet to the wall is easier to implement, especially if there are several floors. When withdrawing through the ceiling, it is required to equip it through the ceiling and roof in compliance with all fire protection measures. The height of the chimney above the ridge is at least 0.5 m.

As you can see, there are no excessive requirements in the installation: they prepared the place, built a sealed insulated chimney and you can carry out the first firebox. So the installation of the Buleryan furnace with your own hands is a possible thing.

Models

Issued heating furnaces"Buleryan" by various factories in different countries. There is a factory in Ukraine. They produce heating "Bullers" and stoves for baths, there are also heat accumulators that are compatible with some models.

Ukrainian version. "Bullers"

Technical characteristics of Buleryan convection ovens » this manufacturer are summarized in the table.

Technical characteristics of "Buleryanov" Ukrainian production (click to enlarge the picture)

Heat accumulators are mainly used in greenhouses, where there are almost no walls that accumulate heat in ordinary buildings. Hanging panels made of painted steel plates, completely repeat the shape of the furnace, therefore, each modification has its own heat accumulator. The device is hung on the tops of the heat exchange tubes and rests against their lower ends. You can fill them with any solid heat-intensive material: broken brick, large gravel, pebbles, etc.

Presented in Russia and Canadian ovens "Buleryan". Their characteristics are summarized in the table. As you can see, the performance is different, but the characteristics are the same.

Canadian Bulerjan. Specifications (click to enlarge image)

How to heat multiple rooms

Boilers of long burning "Buleryan" can be used to heat several rooms. To do this, it is not necessary to somehow alter or upgrade the unit. You can assemble air ducts and a thermal chamber. Such an air heating system is no less effective than a water heating system, and it requires much less money and time to organize it.

Assemble the thermal chamber as shown in the figure. You can use galvanized drywall profiles and galvanized sheets. From the profile, assemble the frame. In galvanized sheets, cut holes for the grilles and the inspection door, then attach them to the frame. Outside, you cover the galvanization with thermal insulation (mineral wool mats). Further, the camera can be decorated or not - as desired.

Air ducts are connected to the upper outlets for heated air. They can be made of drywall, or you can use metal pipes of the appropriate diameter or square ones, as in standard air ducts.

This solution is much more efficient than putting corrugations on heat exchange pipes. In the thermal chamber, you collect all the heat from the furnace, and then distribute it through the air ducts. In general, when designing or planning a system, keep in mind that the shorter the ducts, the more efficient the heating will be.

There is one caveat: some people really want to adapt this stove for water heating. Breneran and some other manufacturers of similar ovens even have "Aqua" options. But the very principle of operation is poorly suited for heating water: it has a higher heat capacity than air. The efficiency of such units will not be large. If you want water heating - buy a conventional water boiler, or. It will be more efficient.

Progressive humanity has already come up with dozens of types solid fuel stoves and boilers different designs. They differ in size, power, device, appearance and many other parameters and characteristics. But in addition to the entire fleet of stoves, another relative novelty has appeared - this is the Buleryan stove, originally from cold Canada.

Let's see what this stove is, how it works and how it works. At the same time, we will probe it for the question of pros and cons.

Disadvantages of traditional ovens

If you properly consider the Buleryan furnace, it becomes clear that this is the most common pyrolysis potbelly stove, equipped with a productive convector. Traditional wood stoves have many disadvantages:

• Fast combustion of fuel;
• Low efficiency;
• Low heat dissipation.

Potbelly stoves have become extremely popular stoves where there is no gas main. They differ the simplest design, and craftsmen learned how to make them on their own, using old barrels, aluminum cans, gas cylinders and scraps sheet metal. As a result, rather powerful heating units are born that delight consumers with a large amount of heat.

The efficiency of an ordinary potbelly stove rarely exceeds 80%. The thing is that most of the heat flies into the chimney. The area near the surface of the stoves is not the largest, so the thermal energy is poorly dissipated. To increase the efficiency, potbelly stoves are lined with stone, fireclay bricks, equipped with simple metal convectors. Due to this, they retain heat longer and better give it to heated rooms.

An ordinary potbelly stove, even with many improvements, can never be compared in terms of efficiency and quality of heating a room even with the simplest Buleryan stove.

Nevertheless, in a cold climate, the classic potbelly stove does not look the most suitable option for heating houses that are not connected to gas mains - slow heating and rapid combustion of firewood affect. Partially, the problem is solved with the help of pyrolysis combustion of fuel, which makes combustion longer and more efficient. But in order to quickly fill any building with heat, an alternative device was needed.

Furnaces Buleryan and their device

The solution to the problem came from Canada, a country known for its harsh climate. Truly Siberian frosts constantly reign there, but seasoned Canadians do not pay much attention to the cold. In addition, they invented the Buleryan stove - a wood-burning stove that allows you to warm up a room or building in a matter of minutes. big size. Today Buleryan has become famous all over the world. It is produced by many manufacturers, despite the presence of a patent from one German manufacturer.

The Buleryan stove is a unique combination of the advantages of a classic potbelly stove, pyrolysis combustion and a convection heater. At the same time, the combination turned out to be simple and very effective. In fact, the developers added convection tubes to an ordinary potbelly stove and managed to make the generated heat go almost completely into the air ducts, and not into the chimney.

Solid fuel furnace Buleryan consists of the following parts:

• The combustion chamber - its volume is approximately ¾ of the entire internal volume. Here the initial ignition of the fuel occurs when Buleryan is just starting up. And here is the generation of pyrolysis products;
• Afterburner - in terms of its volume, it occupies approximately ¼ inner space. Here, under the action of thrust, pyrolysis products enter, which ignite and burn to form a high-temperature flame;
• Injectors - small tubes through which the afterburner enters the afterburner atmospheric air, necessary for the combustion of pyrolysis products;
• Convection pipes - the Buleryan stove is a powerful convector, and convection is formed due to thick metal pipes. The inside of these pipes are in direct contact with burning wood and flames. Thanks to large area contact, they take away a huge amount of heat, sending it to the premises in the form of powerful convection currents;
• Regulators - these include a slide gate and a throttle on the loading door. Thanks to them, the pyrolysis reaction is maintained in the Buleryan type furnace - the regulating elements limit the draft and the supply of oxygen. At the same time, they are responsible for the intensity of combustion and maintaining a particular temperature;
• The chimney is the simplest part, often equipped with a condensate collection tank. The products of combustion are removed through the chimney.

The device of the Buleryan furnace is really very simple. Its most important part is the firebox formed by convection pipes. Most of their area is exposed to heat, which ensures high efficiency of the unit.

The principle of operation of Buleryan is impossibly simple and well illustrated by this picture.

Buleryan is a potbelly stove from Canada, from a country with a cold climate. And this means that it has a high performance. Initially, lumberjacks used such stoves, heating their houses with them - a comfortable atmosphere in them was achieved due to powerful convection, which was formed due to a large amount of heat. Thanks to the simplest circuit, Buleryan can be made independently, using auxiliary tools. But let's see how this oven works.

The principle of operation of the furnace

Next, we will consider the principle of operation of Buleryan. Traditional stoves burn wood in a direct way - a flame rages inside the firebox, giving off thermal energy through the body to the surrounding space. Moreover, a wild amount of heat simply flies into the atmosphere - their chimneys are red-hot. As for Buleryan, it works differently, using the gas generation process.

A very curious experiment was published in school physics textbooks - they placed sawdust, on the other side of the flask made a discharge tube. The flask was installed above the burner, inside it the pyrolysis process began - the wood, being exposed to heat, began to emit combustible gases. These gases escaped through the outlet tube, and when a match was brought up, a steady flame appeared here.

Firewood has a good calorific value, especially if it is dry enough - every extra percentage of moisture will make it difficult to burn and lead to the formation of condensate. But their calorific value can be raised using the pyrolysis reaction - it is this principle of operation that is implemented in the Buleryan furnace. It has a large combustion chamber, provides the generation of pyrolysis products and effectively heats up the premises.

A Canadian potbelly stove called Buleryan works as follows:

• Logs are loaded into its firebox and kindled in the traditional way;
• After engulfing the flame of all loaded fuel, the supply of oxygen to the Buleryan furnace is limited;
• The pyrolysis process begins - its products enter the afterburner, mix with secondary air and ignite;
• The heat generated from the smoldering and combustion of wood, as well as from the combustion of pyrolysis products, is sent to the air heat exchanger.

This is where things get interesting. The heat exchanger of the Buleryan furnace is an assembly of large diameter pipes. They start at the floor, cover the combustion chamber in a semicircle and end at the top. Moreover, they cross from below and from above, forming a firebox of a symmetrical teardrop shape. In fact, the air heat exchanger of the Buleryan furnace is its body.

To ensure the tightness of the combustion chamber, the heat exchanger pipes are welded together with small pieces of sheet iron.

The heat dissipation of the stove is so great that, with a properly built chimney, Buleryan will be able to heat not only the room in which he is located, but also the room through which only the chimney pipe passes.

The resulting heat exchanger is the heart of the Buleryan furnace. Thanks to him, she got her high efficiency. Hot gases give off thermal energy into curved pipes, which play the role of the most common convector. Due to the rounded shape and the maximum area of ​​contact with the heat source, they create powerful convection - each pipe passes a huge amount of air through itself, quickly warming up residential and non-residential buildings.

Long burning fuel

Only a few tubes covering the combustion chamber, and in front of us we get a Buleryan long-burning furnace. It has a very large firebox, so a large amount of fuel is easily loaded here. One load is enough for several hours of operation, depending on the power of the unit. Having correctly selected the power to the area, you will lay firewood a maximum of 2-3 times a day, without burdening yourself with unnecessary worries.

Long-term combustion in the Buleryan furnace is ensured not only due to the large combustion chamber, but also due to the use of a gas generator operation scheme. When the flow of oxygen to the furnace is limited, the firewood begins to smolder, and this process is lengthy. The released pyrolysis gases gradually burn out in the upper afterburner, providing support for a certain intensity of combustion - you can adjust it with a slide gate and throttle.

Due to the long burning of firewood in the Buleryan stove, users have the opportunity to get rid of the constant fuss with fuel loading. If a traditional stove with a small firebox requires new portions of logs every 2-3 hours, then in the case of the Buleryan stove, this process will not seem laborious - at least 6-8 hours will pass between approaches for loading wood. It depends on the following factors:

• The volume of loaded logs;
• Burning intensity;
• Temperature outside;
• moisture content of wood.

By adjusting the clearance of the slide damper in the chimney of the Buleryan stove, you can influence the burning rate, focusing on your own temperature preferences and the weather outside.

Advantages and disadvantages

The Buleryan wood-burning stove is a serious alternative to other solid fuel units - these are fireplace stoves, various potbelly stoves, home-made stoves and much more. It will provide maximum operational warm-up and will delight you with the absence of problems in operation - it flares up easily, does not act up and does not make you wait long for heat to arrive. The scope of application is extremely large, because you can buy and use the stove in the country, in the garage, in the utility room. Buleryan for a house or a country estate is also not bad and economical option heating.

Let's look at the main positive features Buleryan ovens:

There are many options for the location of the furnace in the house. With a little imagination, you can create a very cozy and eye-pleasing place to relax.

• Rapid heat input due to intense convection - the large diameter of the air heat exchanger tubes provides good performance. The warm-up time is from 20 minutes;
• Safety - due to powerful convection, the temperature of the Buleryan furnace body is low, burns from hot metal are excluded;
• Long burning - provides more convenient operation of equipment. Instead of 7-8 approaches for laying fuel per day, 2-3 calls will be required;
• The possibility of heating large areas - for this, especially powerful Buleryan furnaces are on sale, with a capacity of up to several tens of kilowatts;
• Ease of modernization - any furnace can be quickly turned into a Buleryan boiler, which is placed in a water heating system;
• No need for additional energy sources - they work according to a non-volatile scheme;
• You do not need permission for installation - you have the right to install Buleryan furnaces anywhere, without documentation;
• Affordable price - you can buy a Buleryan furnace with a capacity of 10 kW for literally 7-9 thousand rubles.

There are also disadvantages:

• It is necessary to collect condensate - it is formed due to the high moisture content in the wood;
• Special requirements for the quality of firewood - the Canadian Buleryan stove does not burn well on wet wood;
• The need for regular cleaning of the chimney - it must be clean, not clogged;
• Bulkyness - Buleryan furnaces are characterized by some puffiness, which is especially inherent in models of increased power;
• Not always a pleasant design - some models differ not in the most successful external data.

In general, Buleryan furnaces are praised. They fulfill their function by 100%, providing fast heat injection into heated rooms. The working time on one tab is an average of 8 hours - this is already a solid plus.

The key drawback in our opinion is the lack of a normal design. Buleryan furnaces are similar to industrial heating units or powerful boiler plants. On sale there are nice small-sized samples, but they are distinguished by an increased cost.

Modifications of Buleryanov and their principles of operation

By overlaying Buleryan with bricks, you will not only increase its efficiency, but also protect your household from possible burns in case of accidental contact with the stove.

Next, we will consider two interesting modifications of the Buleryan furnace. The first of them is aimed at working as part of water heating systems. The thing is that the air tube heat exchanger can be easily converted into a water heat exchanger. Passing a coolant through it, we get a full-fledged Buleryan boiler, which delights consumers with long-term burning and powerful heat transfer.

Furnaces Buleryan with water heat exchangers are presented for sale in the form of already finished models. According to user reviews, they are highly efficient and quickly warm up the coolant in the heating system - the high performance of the system affects. If you don't have the money to buy a water modification, but you already have a Buleryan air oven, you can convert it to water.

Nothing prevents the Buleryan stove from being adapted for heating several rooms without laying water heating. This is done by organizing air ducts, bred through the rooms. For example, a stove can be mounted in small room, equipped with windows for air intake from below and air outlets from above. If you want more serious performance, you should work with the convector:

• Combine the intake holes with one pipe and install a blower fan here;
• Connect the outlets with a similar pipe and direct air flows into the rooms.

The principle of operation of the Buleryan furnace, built according to this scheme, will be extremely simple - the fan drives colder air through the pipes, as a result of which it heats up and enters other rooms under some pressure. This scheme is characterized by a faster heat supply. By the way, air heating with ducts is actively used in the United States of America.

Video

In the world autonomous heating not the last place is occupied by such a useful device as the Buleryan oven, also known as Breneran. Roughly speaking, it consists of a firebox, to which a series of bent tubes is connected. This design allows you to burn firewood and other types of solid fuel with very high efficiency. The cost of industrial models starts from two hundred dollars and increases depending on the size of the firebox. Although the device of such a stove is somewhat more complicated than that of an ordinary potbelly stove, many craftsmen managed to make buleryan with their own hands.

How does this design work?

Buleryan can be called a very successful hybrid of a potbelly stove and a long-burning wood-burning stove. The device uses the principle of forced convection. A series of curved tubes is connected to the firebox from above and below. Cold air enters the lower openings, which quickly heats up, since the pipes are in direct contact with the firebox. Already enters the rooms through the upper openings hot air. Its temperature is so high that it allows you to heat not only one particular room, but even two-story house. There is also the possibility of combining the Buleryan stove with a water heating circuit. At the same time, the surface of the device itself remains not too hot and does not pose a danger to others.

Thanks to a number of simple adjustment devices, the oven can operate in two modes. First, a quick heating of the oven is ensured, and then a uniform distribution of the received heat throughout the room. At the second stage, the furnace goes into slow burning mode. In the beginning, fuel needs to be added quite often, but once the stove has warmed up, the firebox can be loaded only twice a day, that is, every 12 hours.

Firewood is burned in the furnace, and the products of this process through convection pipes enter the secondary combustion chamber. Here, the afterburning of the gas-air mixture occurs at very high temperatures, which provides the device with an efficiency of around 80%. Further, the hot air is distributed throughout the room through convection pipes.

The process of operation of the Buleryan furnace is clearly presented in the video:

Scheme of the device of the classic "Buleryan"

To successfully make such a furnace on your own, you should first study its device. This is an all-metal structure, consisting of a firebox and a number of bent metal tubes. Ahead is equipped with a door through which fuel is loaded, as well as a power adjustment device with which you can change the combustion modes. A secondary combustion chamber is equipped in the furnace and a branch pipe is removed under the chimney.

This diagram shows in detail the device of the Buleryan furnace. Main distinguishing feature construction - a series of curved hollow tubes that are connected to a two-chamber firebox

To increase the efficiency of using the Buleryan stove, it is recommended to carefully insulate the chimney, for example, with a layer of mineral wool at least 3 mm thick.

Of course, you will need a blower through which the air necessary for the combustion of fuel will enter the furnace. You can arrange a small ash pan, although in the process of slow burning, almost no waste is generated. The double back wall allows to make work of the device even more effectively. In some models, a two-layer case is used for this.

Step by step instructions for making

To make a buleryan oven with your own hands, you need to stock up metal pipes with an outer diameter of about 50-60 mm, as well as sheet metal. To endure high temperature combustion, it is recommended to use steel sheets with a thickness of 4-6 mm. In addition to the welding machine and standard set tools, you will also need a pipe bender.

1. Production of bent pipe sections.
2. Manufacture of a device for removing smoke and collecting condensate.
3. Production of dampers for blower and outlet.
4. Production of a door for a combustion chamber.
5. Welding the frame from bent pipes and install a partition into it.
6. Welding sheets of metal in the space between pipes.
7. Installation of a door with a lock.
8. Manufacturing and welding of metal legs.

Eight identical segments should be cut from the pipe, about 1.2 m long. Using a pipe bender, they are bent with a radius of 225 mm and placed in a checkerboard pattern.

To make the hollow pipes required for the furnace, you need to prepare eight pieces of pipe, 1.2 meters long and bend them into a radius of 225 mm using a pipe bender

To remove smoke, as well as accumulated moisture, a T-shaped device is made through which the smoke will go up into the pipe, and the moisture will flow down. To remove moisture, a special tap is placed below. The faucet to remove moisture should be opened only for this purpose, and then closed so as not to impair draft.

Left: The T-shaped fume extractor is designed not only to remove smoke, but also to collect condensate.
Right: The condensate drain cock is located at the bottom of the fume extractor and condensate collector. It should be opened only when necessary, so as not to impair traction.

To remove smoke from the stove, a special damper is made, with the help of which draft control is also carried out.

The damper for regulating the power of the furnace is made with special hole, which allows you to change the draft, but does not completely block the chimney

For the blower, which is located on the front door, a blind damper should be made. A spring is used to securely lock the flaps in the correct position.

The blower damper, which is located on the front door, must be made deaf. It's to provide maximum efficiency stove operation in slow burning mode

The most difficult element of homemade Buleryan is, perhaps, the front door. It should close almost tightly. The better the door is adjacent to the stove, the more efficiently Buleryan works.

Two rings are made from a large diameter pipe, which fit almost tightly into one another. To do this, cut two 40 mm pieces from a pipe with a diameter of 350 mm. One of the segments is cut and unfolded. After that, the front side of the stove is made using a ring of smaller diameter.

In the front wall of the furnace should be made round hole to which a metal ring is welded. This element is necessary so that the door closes as tightly as possible.

The second ring is used when mounting the door, it is welded to a sheet metal circle.

Two metal rings are welded along the edge of the oven door, the diameter of which is slightly different. They are sealed with a special gasket made of asbestos cord.

Then another ring is welded onto the door, which should be slightly smaller than the diameter of the ring located on the front side of the stove. A sealing asbestos cord is placed in the gap formed between the door rings and the damper is mounted.

To complete the installation of the front door of the furnace, it is necessary to weld a blower pipe with a damper to it. The damper is supplied with a spring for a tighter fit

Now we should return to the bent pipes. In the first two pipes, it is necessary to make holes and weld injection pipes into them. These are small metal elements with a diameter of 14-15 mm and a length of about 150 mm. They are necessary to ensure the connection of the convection elements with the firebox.

Special injectors should be inserted into the first two hollow pipes of the furnace, which will ensure air contact with the combustion chamber

The frame of the stove with a partition is made from pipes. It is recommended to use sheet steel at least 6 mm thick for the partition.

For the partition of the furnace, a thickness of 6 mm is used. In order not to have to "guess" with the sizes, cardboard patterns are first made

After that, the gaps between the pipes should be closed with strips of sheet metal, and the back wall should be welded, thus forming the furnace body.

The furnace body is formed from pieces of metal, which are welded in the space between the hollow pipes. For their manufacture, cardboard patterns are also useful.

In order to accurately cut out the elements of the partition, the back wall and the strip of metal, it is recommended to first make cardboard patterns.

It is recommended to make a special lock for the door. It is an eccentric that fixes metal loop located on the wall of the oven. With further scrolling, this device ensures the tightest fit of the door to the stove. To make such a device, you will need to perform a series of turning and milling operations.

It is not easy to make a lock for the oven door. Inexperienced craftsmen should seek the help of a professional turner or miller.

It remains only to make hinges and hang the door, as well as cut, bend and weld the legs of the stove.

The legs for the furnace can be made from suitable thin tubes, giving them the desired shape using a pipe bender or improvised tools

The manufacturing process of Buleryan can hardly be called simple; it is much easier to make an ordinary potbelly stove. But ease of use and high efficiency well worth the time and effort spent.