The best solid fuel boiler. Solid fuel boilers: an overview of models and choosing the best
The cheapest type of heating a private house is, one of which is firewood. The calmness and comfort in the house will depend on how high-quality and suitable, exactly for your conditions, the boiler you install. Therefore, which solid fuel boiler is better for your home and according to what criteria to choose it, we will understand meticulously and thoroughly.
If you are going to buy a boiler for heating a private house, the first thing you need to know is the area of \u200b\u200bthe heated room. After all, the power of the unit directly depends on this. According to manufacturers, the calculation is simple: every 10 m2 of area requires the production of 1 kW of thermal energy. With a total area of the house of 150 m2, a power of 15 kW is enough. But everything is not so simple here.
Corrections must be made if:
- The ceiling height is more than 3 m;
- The number of window openings exceeds the norm;
- The house is not well insulated.
You also need to remember that in harsh climatic zones during the cold season, the boiler will have to be heated constantly, even at night. Therefore, it is better to choose a unit with a power reserve of 5-10 kW, which will allow you to control the intensity of combustion.
In addition to power, the following characteristics are important:
- Performance or efficiency is an important characteristic of a heating system. This coefficient is directly dependent on the design features of the equipment and the method of fuel combustion. For solid fuel boilers, the efficiency is quite high, it is 80-98%.
- Operating cost. The reliability of the brand of boilers depends not only on the manufacturer, but also on the design solutions, materials used for the components and the body, the cost and availability of services, spare parts, and operating conditions.
- The type of fuel consumed is another important characteristic. When calculating the cost of heating in a private house, the price of the selected fuel in the region (coal, pellets, firewood) and the performance of the equipment are taken into account. The more expensive the fuel is and the higher the combustion rate, the more expensive the heating of a private house or cottage becomes.
Kinds
There are several classes of boiler equipment according to the principle of its operation:
Classic.
Quite traditionally arranged. They consist of a combustion chamber and an ash chamber, a tank for a water jacket, a chimney. All known types of solid fuels are used - firewood, sawdust, pellets, they can also be heated with coal. They are used in heating circuits with natural air circulation. Every 5-7 hours of operation it is necessary to load the next portion of fuel. The automatic control unit regulates the air supply to control the process of fuel combustion, depending on the temperature mode set on the display. In the best models, a draft regulator is built into the chimney, the task of which is to force cold air into the chimney in order to keep the heat inside the furnace as much as possible.
Gas generating or pyrolysis.
These boilers have two combustion chambers. Firewood is placed in the lower firebox, where, under the influence of high temperature and in the complete absence of oxygen, the process of smoldering takes place. Carbon dioxide enters the upper chamber, burns there, the heat exchanger heats up. It is necessary to load fuel once a day. There are models of boilers with automatic and manual draft regulator. Look at user reviews on the forums, think about what is more convenient for you.
Pellet
Why are pellet boilers so popular in Europe? It is this equipment that requires minimal human presence and runs on environmentally friendly fuel. Pellets are granules made from sawdust, peat, wood and agricultural waste.
- The main advantages of pellet boilers:
- high efficiency;
- wide range of adjustments;
- fuel is undemanding to storage conditions.
Among the shortcomings, we note the high cost of equipment and pellets.
Please note: if necessary, the pellet burner is covered with a sheet of iron on top and you can heat the system with coal or peat, firewood is also suitable.
Long burning.
These boilers are closest to pyrolysis boilers, but the principle of operation is slightly different. The furnace consists of two chambers, at the bottom there is smoldering and the formation of gases. In the upper chamber, the gas mixes with air and burns completely. According to the number of actions performed by gases in the flame tubes, they are divided into one-, two- and three-way. Three-way heat generators are considered the most efficient, because they select the thermal energy of flue gases as fully as possible. On one load with firewood, it works for about two days, with coal - up to five. In addition, it can be fired with coke, pellets and petroleum products. The ideal decision for non-residential premises, dachas, garages.
In the instructions for the equipment, boiler manufacturers describe in detail which fuel will be used as the main and which is additional.
Production material: steel vs. cast iron
The main materials for the production of solid fuel boilers are cast iron and steel. Steel models have high thermal conductivity and are strong enough, while cast iron grades, with their fragility, have a long (up to 20 years) service life. When studying consumer reviews, the following summary was obtained.
Steel boilers
- Advantages:
- allow you to actively use automation, sensitively respond to changes in operating parameters.
- have a high efficiency.
- easily tolerate temperature fluctuations.
- Disadvantages:
- weak point: welds. Rusty, cracked, internally folded boilers cannot be repaired.
- equipped with only one heat exchanger.
- subject to corrosion.
Cast iron models
- prefabricated structure.
- the presence of the main and additional external heat exchange circuit.
- threaded connections, replaceable seals.
- are not afraid of corrosion (although with a long service life, coating
- Advantages:
are covered with a film of “dry rust”, which, unlike steel corrosion, does not progress).
- disadvantages
- subjected to thermal shock. With sharp jumps in temperature, fatigue zones appear.
Criterias of choice
We figured out the basic concepts, it's time to voice additional criteria that will help evaluate the ease of use of the models you are interested in, add individuality to them.
The presence of external insulation.
It is the external thermal insulation that makes it possible to reduce heat losses during heating of the boiler room, significantly slows down the cooling time of the boiler. It also allows you to load the furnace not earlier than after 7-12 hours, there is no need for "cold" kindling.
The number of elbows in the flue system.
If the boiler is straight, its performance is equal to the efficiency of a small indoor fireplace. The more economical the heater becomes, the more parts the chimney is made up of.
Pressurization system.
The presence of such a node reduces the requirements for the number of chimney elbows. At the same time, a high-efficiency boiler copes with the process perfectly, even with a clearly weak draft.
Devices with a pressurization design require constant monitoring of the seals of the furnace doors, the presence of the most inconspicuous gap ensures that smoke enters the living quarters of the house.
Energy independence
Like the ability to work in the event of a power outage. Boilers with natural circulation of the coolant operate in this mode. However, such equipment has a low efficiency, does not monitor the combustion process, unlike units with a volatile automatic control panel.
Temperature controller.
In the absence of a thermostatic unit, the system will have to be properly looked after. In the presence of a modern temperature control device, one load of the fuel chamber at a temperature of about 0 ° C is enough for a day.
Existence of the chamber of combustion of the fulfilled gases with lining.
If we compare boilers with and without lining function, it turns out that the former burn 25-45% less fuel for the same power output.
If you install a solid fuel boiler in order to save money, then the lining function is mandatory.
Boiler equipment security system
On the Internet, there are consumer reviews about cases of folding the walls of boilers inward. This situation occurs in cases of overheating due to violations of operating conditions. Therefore, take care of your boiler and consider a security system.
Regardless of whether the boiler is fired with coal or wood, the circulation of the heat agent is forced. To prevent overheating in case of circulation disturbance, a cooling heat exchanger is installed. It is built into the boiler, or installed at the outlet.
It is impossible to install an independent cooling circuit inside cast-iron boilers, so they mount it at the outlet of the device and supply it with a thermal valve that operates when the critical temperature is reached.Some boiler manufacturers use shut-off valves that block the fuel supply when overheating.
To feel 100% sure of the safe operation of the boiler room, install a storage tank in the heating system. It will accumulate heat, if necessary, transfer it to heating devices. Such a buffer tank will increase the efficiency of the boiler, ensure automatic maintenance of an even temperature of the coolant, and reduce fuel consumption.
Contrary to popular belief, it is not at all the excessive pressure formed in the hydraulic jacket that folds the walls of the boiler, it is just released through the blast valve. The physical ability of the metal to expand folds the walls of the boiler, while the process takes place in the easiest direction, inward. Remember - the normal pressure for a long-burning boiler is 1.5 barrels, and the maximum allowable coolant temperature is + 95 ° C.3 popular models of solid fuel boilers
When choosing a solid fuel boiler, study its functionality. Now the owners of private houses are concerned about finding a universal unit. Manufacturers are expanding the capabilities of products: they offer models that run on different types of fuel, automate the process as much as possible. Consider 3 models of solid fuel boilers within the parameters described above.
1. Candle 18 firm AREMIKAS (Aremikas), Lithuania
Fuel: firewood.
Type: prolonged burning.
Material: steel.
Power: 18 kW, which is enough to heat a house with an area of 50 to 120 m2.
Chimney diameter: 160 mm, thrust - 15 Pa.
The shape is elongated cylindrical, the minimum burning time of one bookmark of firewood is 7 hours, the maximum is 34 hours. Compact, non-volatile, economical.
Review: “Experimentally determined the optimal size of logs of 10-20 cm, so that they fit comfortably in one hand. The better the wood is laid, the better it will burn. Ivan
2. Zota Mix 40 manufacturer Russia
Fuel: firewood, diesel, gas, coal, fractional coal.
Type: classic, combined.
Material: steel.
Power: maximum 40 kW.
Chimney pipe height: 8 m
The boiler is equipped with an electronic control module. The water jacket is located along the contour of the combustion chamber. The efficiency of the combustion process is ensured by a mechanical draft regulator, a thermomanometer for monitoring the temperature and pressure of the coolant.
Reviews: “I also have Zota, there are no problems with the equipment, but I had to contact the manufacturing plant ... If there are problems, call or write ... There are representations in many cities ... intelligent, responsive people” Peter.
3. Alpine Air Solidplus-4, Turkey
Type of fuel: coal, firewood.
Material: cast iron.
Combustion chamber type: open.
Power: 25.5 kW.
efficiency: 70%.
The boiler is treated on top with a special, corrosion-resistant paint. The manufacturer gives a guarantee for 3 years of uninterrupted service. Non-volatile, which allows efficient operation at low temperatures.
What consumers say: “I am the owner of a small country house with an area of 90 square meters. Bought Alpin a year ago. It works like a clock, without failures, both under heavy loads and not very much. I chose a cast iron boiler because it keeps heat for a long time. Happy with the purchase, good value for money." Alex.
Buying heating equipment should be after a thorough study of the technical characteristics of the device, reviews on the forums from real consumers, and an analysis of your own needs. Only a properly selected unit will help create a comfortable atmosphere at home and fill it with cozy warmth.
"gas-solid fuel".
After carrying out all the work on capital construction and conducting water supply, the next thing to do is to take care of heating the house. A combination boiler can come to the rescue.
You can find out the price and buy heating equipment and related products from us. Write, call and come to one of the stores in your city. Delivery across all territory of the Russian Federation and the CIS countries.
The gas-solid fuel boiler is becoming more and more popular with property owners every year. Its main advantage is that it combines the possibility of using several types of fuel: gas, wood, pellets, coal, ...
Gas-solid fuel boiler Atem Zhytomyr-9
Accordingly, this type of equipment saves money well and allows you not to depend on a particular type of fuel and its presence or absence. If the main type of fuel runs out, the combined gas-solid fuel boiler will switch to the use of an auxiliary type of fuel.
Before purchasing a combi boiler "gas-solid fuel", you must consider the following:
- Combined units with a capacity of less than 40 kW are mounted in any room. Those larger than 40 kW require a separate space (boiler room).
- The boiler room will require an area of at least 12 m² with a height of at least 2.2 m.
- The floor and walls of the room must be lined with ceramic tiles or plaster, that is, with a material that does not burn.
- The room should be equipped with ventilation, as well as windows facing the street. The size of the windows must be calculated according to the capacity of the boiler.
- Where chimney floor slabs and roofing cake, fire-prevention cuts are installed, and the pipe is separated with a mineral sealant that does not burn.
- To increase the traction force, a deflector and a spark extinguisher are attached to the chimney head.
If you decide to connect a gas-solid fuel boiler to gas on the main, you must remember that the first “start-up” is carried out in the presence of a Gas Service inspector. He must also put a mark in the boiler document on putting it into operation.
gas firewood
The advantage of universal gas-firewood heating boilers lies in autonomy: a smooth transition of the system to burning wood in the absence of gas. Also, if desired, you can connect the structure, because the necessary connections and pipes are attached to the boilers.
Such universal boilers "gas-firewood" can be single-circuit and double-circuit, so it will not be difficult to connect or heat water in a flowing way.
The disadvantages include the large dimensions of such units. Most often they require a separate room for installation, and imply complicated service. Typically, such boilers are produced only on the floor type.
Combined gas-firewood boilers for the home imply increased requirements. The rules and regulations for operation are described in PPB, SNiP and SP.
The combined gas-firewood boiler for a private house includes the following elements:
- Furnace chamber. It is made from cast iron or steel. The boiler can be with one firebox or two (more convenient). In the double version, firewood is burned in the upper section, and firewood is installed in the lower section.
- Contours of hot water supply and heating. They are produced by companies specifically for heating, or for heating to receive hot water (two-circuit). DHW heating in a flow way.
The universal gas-firewood heating boiler assumes savings. This can be verified by looking at the following table.
High-quality wood and gas equipment is produced in Russia: Zota MIX, Kupper PRO (Teplodar), Karakan (STEN), PARTNER (KOSTER), STS (Steel Solid Fuel Systems). As well as foreign companies: Austria and Germany ("Wirbel"), Finnish concern "Jaspi" and others.
It should be noted that in foreign analogues, defects in the assembly and are less likely to be noticed. They boast reliability and quality. However, the domestic manufacturer is constantly improving in accordance with the wishes of customers.
Prices for combined heating boilers "wood-gas" depend on the country of manufacture, on the brand's popularity. For example, the company model "PARTNER" ("BONfire") will cost an average of 23 thousand rubles. Much will depend on the configuration, power and other indicators. But "Jaspi" will pull on all 130 thousand rubles. The run is large, however, unlike the Finnish one, where everything is regulated by automation, in the Russian counterpart, all boiler settings will have to be done independently.
coal-gas
The universal gas-coal boiler is environmentally friendly and easy to maintain. However, when choosing this type of construction, you will have to constantly monitor the presence of solid fuel, because coal runs out quickly. If suddenly you come to the conclusion that "two in one" does not suit you, then you can always replace the burner - and the boiler will already work on natural gas.
Most often, a combined coal-gas boiler is allowed to be fired with firewood. For example, in the technical characteristics of the by-pass model "Berezka V" of the manufacturer "Atem", the paragraph "fuel" indicates "natural gas / coal" (see table). However, buyers use such a boiler for heating and firewood.
| Manufacturer and model | Characteristic |
|---|---|
| ATEM (Zhytomyr, Ukraine) Berezka V | The boiler is made of steel, is universal and absolutely independent of electricity. Acts as a budget solution for heating cottages, utility rooms, outbuildings. Units of brand "B" are created with the production of consumer hot water. Fuel - natural gas / anthracite (coal). The area of the heated room is 125 m². Rated thermal power - 12.5 kW. The maximum gas consumption is 1.5 m³/h. Nominal gas pressure (min / max) - Pa 1274 + 100 (635/1794). The working water pressure is 0.1 MPa. Efficiency when using solid fuel - 78%. Efficiency when using natural gas - 90%. Weight - 119 kg. DHW water consumption - 280 l / h. The combustion chamber is open (chimney). The number of circuits is two-circuit. |
Gas-coal-firewood
The advantage of the gas-firewood-coal boiler is that it does not depend on electricity. This allows you to create autonomous heating systems. Fuel for such a unit is available in any locality and, moreover, at a low price. The wood-coal-gas boiler from the manufacturers listed in the table below is easy to service and has an attractive design.
| Manufacturer and model | Characteristic |
|---|---|
| KSTG-10 outbreak (Russia) | This company has been on the market since 2003. It is a dynamically developing and reliable manufacturer. Boiler type - single-circuit. The combustion chamber is open. Installation - outdoor. Heating area - 200 m². Power - 20 kW. Gas is natural. Operating temperatures - 95 ºС. Efficiency - 77%. Weight - 70 kg. |
| Outbreak KSTGV-12.5 (Russia) | This model of the "coal-firewood-gas" boiler is non-volatile and stable when operating at reduced gas pressure. Due to the optimal design of the combustion chamber, the boiler has a high efficiency. Built-in water heater that provides hot water. Includes a gas pressure regulator. The body of a copper is steady against difference of temperatures. Type - double-sided. The combustion chamber is open. Installation - outdoor. Heating area - 125 m². Power - 12.5 kW. Gas is natural. Type of solid fuel - firewood, coal. Boiler - built-in. Operating temperatures - 95 ºС. The material of the heat exchanger is steel. Efficiency - 83%. Automatic shutdown - no. Weight - 120 kg. |
| Raton KS-T-12.5 (Belarus) | The boilers are designed for heating individual residential houses, buildings and structures equipped with continuous water heating systems with natural coolant circulation and an open expansion vessel. Type - single-circuit. The combustion chamber is open. Installation - outdoor. Heating area - 130 m². Power - 12.5 kW. Type of solid fuel - firewood, coal,. Display is not. The material of the heat exchanger is steel. Ignition is mechanical. Efficiency - 77%. Weight - 138 kg. The service life of the boilers is at least 15 years. |
| Brestselmash KST 12.5 kW (Belarus) | According to the type of fuel, the boilers manufactured by JSC "Brestselmash" belong to multi-fuel boilers designed for burning solid and gaseous fuels by means of re-equipment that does not require the dismantling of the boiler. Installation - outdoor. Heating area - 125 m². Power - 12.5 kW. Gas is natural. Type of solid fuel - firewood, coal, peat. Display is not. Operating temperatures - up to 95 ºС. The material of the heat exchanger is steel. Efficiency - 90%. Weight - 180 kg. Designed for heat supply and hot water supply of residential buildings and buildings for domestic purposes, equipped with water heating systems with natural circulation, with a working water pressure of up to 0.1 MPa (1.0 kgf / cm²) and a maximum water temperature at the outlet of the boiler up to 95 C°. |
| Boiler PARTNER 24 (Russia) | The advantages of this company's products are in their own innovative unique design developments. The manufacturer carries out guaranteed high-quality components, raw materials and materials. This is a stable high-tech production. The combustion chamber is closed. Installation - outdoor. Power - 24 kW. Type of solid fuel - firewood, coal. Efficiency - 80%. Weight - 108 kg. Height - 79.5 cm. Width - 42 cm. |
Firewood-coal-pellets-gas
Currently, these units are offered by: the manufacturer of the universal boiler "Cooper" "gas-firewood-coal-pellets", the manufacturer "Raton" and others.
A large selection (pellets, firewood, coal, gas) gives such a boiler a great advantage. In the absence of one type of fuel, you can always switch to another type and stay warm.
| Manufacturer and model | Characteristic |
|---|---|
| Teplodar Kupper OK15 (Russia) | Boiler type - single-circuit. The combustion chamber is closed. Installation - outdoor. Heating area - 150 m². Power - 15 kW. Gas is natural. Display is not. Efficiency - 78%. The diameter of the chimney pipe is 150 mm. Weight - 98 kg. Double-turn heating system, formed by a removable visor, which ensures complete flame extinguishing in the tube sheet. In addition to the standard water jacket, the firebox has a heat exchanger. Power regulation from 30 to 100% (combustion regulator can be installed on the boilers). A spacious firebox that allows you to load firewood 400 mm long horizontally and 500 mm vertically, or two buckets of coal. The presence of a tubular electric heater allows you to maintain heating systems after the end of the combustion process. |
| Raton KS-TG-35U (Belarus) | Boiler type - single-circuit. The combustion chamber is open. Installation - outdoor. Heating area - 340 m². Power - 35 kW. Gas is natural. Type of solid fuel - firewood, pellets, coal, peat. Display is not. Ignition - electric. Operating temperatures - 95 ºС. The material of the heat exchanger is steel. Efficiency - 77%. The boiler is designed for heating residential buildings, which are equipped with continuous heating systems with natural or forced circulation of the coolant. |
| Teplodar Uyut-10 (Russia) | "Uyut" are budget heating boilers for rooms up to 100 sq. m. The furnace is in a horizontal position, which allows heating the boiler with firewood up to 0.5 m long. The high efficiency of the boiler is ensured by the original design of the water circuit: stagnant zones are excluded, and the area of the heat-removing surface is increased to 1.1 sq.m. Possibility of installing a gas or pellet burner. Boiler type - single-circuit. The combustion chamber is closed. Installation - outdoor. Heating area - 100 m². Power - 10 kW. Gas is natural. Type of solid fuel - firewood, pellets, coal. Display is not. Ignition is mechanical. Efficiency - 72%. The diameter of the chimney pipe is 115 mm. Weight - 67 kg. |
gas pellets
A pellet-gas boiler is equipment that easily changes its operation from heating with one type of fuel to heating with another. This usually happens within 15 minutes.
It is also possible to replace the burner in the event of a conversion. Many models have a tubular electric heater available.
It is allowed to connect a balloon.
Efficiency
pellet-gas boiler reaches 90%.The unit has several combustion chambers. The kit includes two burners, as well as many regulating and locking devices. It has a high degree of security and automation. But despite this, a gas-pellet boiler, like any combined gas boiler, requires compliance with the norms of PPB, SNiP (some excerpts are described at the beginning of the article).
Do not forget to clean the boiler from time to time. During maintenance, it is necessary to remove accumulated wood dust, soot from the electric drive and moving elements.
What do you need to work on pellets?
To convert the boiler to fuel pellets, you need to install a pellet burner, which is connected to the fuel bunker. After all operations, the operation of the boiler is as follows:
- along the conveyor from the fuel bunker, the granules enter the burner;
- electric ignition occurs immediately by means of a piezoelectric element;
- the built-in fan is activated in the burner, which increases the pressure, and the combustion of the pellets occurs at a high temperature raised artificially.
Typically, gas-pellet boilers are made from cast iron, and due to their large dimensions and weight, the structure is placed on a concrete base.
What do you need to run on gas?
Pellet boilers with a gas burner are connected, first of all, to cylinders and. Such units are gaining popularity in the construction of houses and plots where natural gas is planned to be carried out soon.
To connect a gas burner, it is necessary, first, to close the unused furnace with an airtight hatch. Then, in a place specially designated for gas equipment, you need to install a burner fixture. After all, set the switch to gas consumption. Everything. Alteration took no more than 15 minutes of time.
Combined boiler Wirbel ECO-CK 20
Firewood-pellets-gas
If you are interested in the design of this type of heating, the table below describes the manufacturer of gas, solid fuel and pellet boilers, its most popular model and a brief description.
| Manufacturer and model | Characteristic |
|---|---|
| Atmos DC 18 SP (Czech Republic) | The new series of combi boilers "ATMOS" DC 15EP(L), DC 18SP(L), DC 25SP(L), DC 32SP(L) allows ecological combustion of wood according to the generator gasification principle in combination with a burner for pellets, natural gas or extra light fuel oils (depending on which burner is built into the boiler). Boiler type - single-circuit. The combustion chamber is open. Installation - outdoor. Heating area - 300 m². Power - 20.5 kW. Type of solid fuel - firewood, pellets. Display is not. Boiler - external (optional). Boiler volume: 78 l. The material of the heat exchanger is steel. Overheating protection - yes. Frost protection yes. Thermostat - yes. Ignition is mechanical. Efficiency - 92%. Weight - 429 kg. The advantage of this model is that the boiler takes up less space compared to a large number of boilers. With regard to environmental operation, the boiler, according to CSN EN 303-5, belongs to the 3rd class. |
Thus, combined boilers for heating a house are an excellent option for obtaining not only heat, but also saving money. Since there is always a choice of fuel and its autonomous switching, in the absence of one specific type of fuel, your house will be heated at any time of the year. Combined boilers for solid fuel and gas are reliability, high performance and versatility.
Solid fuel boilers are an alternative way to heat private houses. Electric models consume a lot of electricity, so the effectiveness of their use (especially over large areas) is very doubtful. Gas boilers are more justified in this regard, however, they require an appropriate type of fuel to be supplied to the house, which is not always possible. It is in such cases that it is very difficult to overestimate the benefits of stoves, the combustible material for which is firewood, coal and other solid elements.
The current realities of the market are such that hundreds, if not thousands, of models of heating boilers for every taste are presented to the potential consumer: long-burning and pellet, classic and pyrolysis. It is quite natural that it is very, very difficult to make a good choice in such a situation. To simplify things a little, we have prepared for you a rating of the 18 best solid fuel heating boilers in six different categories.
The best solid fuel boilers for long burning
The advantage of long-term heating boilers over others is clear from the name: the duration of burning solid fuel in them when the furnace is fully loaded is two to three days, and in other cases (depending on the type of fuel) it reaches five or even twelve days. At the same time, a volume of thermal energy is released on a constant basis, sufficient to heat the entire provided area. They are economical, but have low efficiency and cause a lot of trouble in maintenance.
3 NMK Magnum KDG 20 TE
Profitable price
Country Russia
Average price: 48,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8
A typical representative of long-burning boilers from a Russian manufacturer, which was created specifically for the climatic conditions of our vast country. Unlike many other contenders (according to manufacturers' recommendations), it only accepts coal for heating, which burns out within five days with an efficiency of around 75-80 percent. This is not much, but when heating with other fuels, such as wood, the situation looks much more sad. Users' feelings from the operation of this boiler are generally positive: the design is serviceable, unpretentious in maintenance, and in terms of power in general - the "golden mean". Very pleased, albeit primitive, but the existing fuel combustion control system.
Advantages:
- goods of domestic production, which explains the favorable cost;
- good workmanship;
- the presence of a heating control system (the connection between the control links is carried out by a chain).
Disadvantages:
- the need to observe a strictly defined position of the air damper (with a gap of five millimeters) for the correct operation of the boiler.
2 Stropuva Mini S8
The optimum ratio of price and quality. User Choice
Country: Lithuania
Average price: 56,500 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8
Lithuanian heating boiler, highly rated by users. In fact, the manufacturing company Stropuva continues and naturally reaps the benefits of a system built during the Soviet Union. The Mini S8 boiler is compact, made in the form of a “barrel”, however, it is very difficult to move, and therefore there are some installation problems. Its efficiency is connected, first of all, with the type - the long burning of one bookmark of coal is capable of producing heat for two to five days. There are no complaints about the quality either - everything is done reliably, neatly (which is not so important in boilers) and causes some semblance of true admiration. But there is still one miscalculation - pebbled lining is practically impossible to remove soot, which most often forms above the firebox door.
Advantages:
- very high quality performance;
- efficiency in space heating - one stack of firewood is enough for 12-20 hours of burning; coal - up to five days;
- good balance of value for money;
- the ability to connect additional circuits, heating elements, and other systems.
Disadvantages:
- beautiful, but impractical shagreen coating;
- difficulty in moving due to the large weight of the "mini-model".
To complete the picture and clarify what pros and cons this or that type of solid fuel boilers has, let's turn to the comparison table:
|
Boiler type |
pros |
Minuses |
|
Classical |
Extremely simple and reliable technology Low, relative to other types, price Any available type of fuel can be used |
– Low efficiency – Impossibility of precise control of the coolant temperature – High sensitivity to the humidity of combustible materials |
|
long burning |
When loaded with coal, the boiler can work up to five days On wood fuel, the operating time is two days Complete energy independence |
– Lack of water temperature controllers in the system – Increased requirements for fuel quality – Typically very low efficiency |
|
Pyrolysis |
High efficiency Ability to adjust processes Long intervals between laying combustible materials (up to 12 days) High reliability and workmanship |
– Electrical connection required – Without lining, the combustion chamber is very sensitive to raw fuel - If the level of lining is inadequate, the walls of the chamber burn out, and the boiler fails |
|
pellet |
High efficiency Complete process control through electronic control |
– High cost and large dimensions of boilers – High cost and scarcity of fuel – Power connection required |
1 Buderus Logano G221-25
The best quality
Country: Germany
Average price: 154580 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9
German boilers from Buderus are the standard of quality and performance for heating spacious rooms. Despite the Eastern European production, they easily endure the difficult conditions of the harsh Russian winter, have a fairly high level of efficiency (85 percent), and also do not require a large amount of fuel. If the circulation pressure of the coolant is not enough, you can easily “pick up” the pump to the Buderus Logano G221-25, which is what smart users resort to. Heating occurs very quickly, and cleaning of a fire chamber does not cause any difficulties. Thus, 20-kilowatt models are able to heat a room up to 200 square meters. And what a 25-kilowatt boiler is capable of - judge for yourself.
Advantages:
- voluminous firebox - holds logs up to 68 centimeters long;
- nice design;
- excellent workmanship and impeccable design reliability;
- high energy efficiency;
- low maintenance and easy to install.
Disadvantages:
- high price.
The best inexpensive solid fuel classic boilers
Classic heating boilers are by no means rare devices in use. They are successfully used by people for heating private houses or for installation in houses at their summer cottage. By the way, inexpensive models are ideal for the second than for the first option. They are by no means bad, but their performance is very often overstated, which leads users to be frustrated after the first attempts to use.
3 EVAN WARMOS TT-18
High power rating
Country Russia
Average price: 32850 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.4
Solid fuel boiler of Russian origin. Not bad to become a source of heat for a country house, but doubtful for use in a private room. His whole trouble lies in the overestimated characteristics - a rated power of 18 kilowatts is designed for heating areas up to 120 square meters, but the effect of heat transfer is practically not felt. The real and most effective heating threshold is no more than 60 square meters. Solid fuel, with optimal regulation of the dampers, burns out in 60-90 minutes, after which the boiler cools down quickly and, if this moment is missed, it requires re-ignition. And you can’t forget about the functions of the stoker either. The result is logical: the model is rather “capricious”, but if you wish, you can always find a compromise that suits both sides.
Advantages:
- very simple installation of the boiler;
- acceptable case quality;
- able to work on wood, coal and peat.
Disadvantages:
- overestimated data on heated areas;
- the need to select the optimal position of the damper in order to prevent excessive fuel consumption or obstruction of normal combustion.
2 ZOTA Dymok-M AOTV-12M
Optimal balance of performance
Country Russia
Average price: 18,870 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.6
An ideal model for installation in a summer cottage. Small, but with a decent power potential; unsightly, but overlapping it with its original functionality. 12 kilowatts of thermal power released during the complete combustion of combustible material is enough to heat 80 square meters of area. Even 70% efficiency does not spoil the overall impression of the work. This version of the furnace is combined, so it can also use an electric element (heater) for heating. At the top of the case is a hob - a nice addition to the main function and acceptable characteristics.
Advantages:
- the presence of a hob as a nice addition;
- efficient heating of the area declared by the manufacturers;
- the possibility of connecting a thermal electric heater;
- heating of the coolant is carried out to a temperature of 95 degrees Celsius.
Disadvantages:
- mediocre appearance;
- slightly overpriced.
1 Lemax Forward-16
Best price
Country Russia
Average price: 16500 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8
16 kilowatts of power of the Lemax Forward-16 boiler is enough to heat the premises of the administrative and domestic levels, private residential buildings and even cottages, by independent or forced (with the installation of a pump) circulation of the coolant through the heating water system. This is one of the most successful examples of small but productive installations with an uncharacteristically high (about 75-80 percent) level of efficiency. The simple design contains a solution to many operational problems. From the point of view of the technologist, such measures as, for example, “tamping” the heat exchanger with channels to increase the ultimate tensile strength, look redundant, but justify themselves in terms of durability of use. Such a boiler can last a good seven to nine years, provided that all measures of proper operation are observed without exception.
Advantages:
- the presence of additional elements that positively affect the durability of the installation;
- optimal cost with acceptable quality;
- sufficiently high (atypical) level of efficiency;
- the ability to connect a pump to increase the circulation rate of the coolant;
- the possibility of converting the boiler to work with gas (carried out by installing a gas burner).
Disadvantages:
Boilers classic premium class solid fuel boilers
More expensive classic boilers are installations of a completely different level. Unlike their budget "brothers", they have a higher percentage of efficiency, power, and overall reliability indicators (not always, but usually). The disadvantages of inexpensive classics, expressed in the deliberate overestimation of characteristics, are absent here, however, the typical disadvantages of classical systems are fully manifested.
3 Kentatsu ELEGANT-03
Optimal cost
Country: Japan
Average price: 35990 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8
Kentatsu ELEGANT-03 is a modified heating boiler model, which takes into account all the nuances and errors of previous installations. It is authentically known that those, in turn, did not have effective cooling and allowed the boiler to overheat. In this version, the grate water cooler has become such, and, as practice shows, it copes with the assigned task flawlessly. A thermometer is located on the front wall of the cast-iron housing, showing the actual temperature of the water coolant. A controversial step towards ensuring ergonomics was the breakdown of the boiler into sections. On the one hand, the usable area inside the model has increased, but on the other hand, this has a negative impact on the terms of service.
Advantages:
- the model took into account the mistakes of the past, including those with active cooling;
- availability of equipment for self-service;
- low price;
- high quality and durability of the cast-iron body;
- the presence of a thermometer on the front wall.
Disadvantages:
- the breakdown of the boiler into sections complicates the process of repair and maintenance in the event of a breakdown.
2 Bosch Solid 2000 B SFU 12
The optimum ratio of price and quality. Choice of Experts
Country: Germany
Average price: 51977 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9
Bosch products confidently rank high in all areas of the manufacturer's activities, and a similar trend is also observed in the boiler segment. Bosch Solid 2000 B SFU 12 is a low-power (for elite installations) version of the boiler, which is very fond of users for its good heating capacity. The main "trick" of the model lies in the functionality of use: it can be leading or combined with a gas boiler to increase the efficiency of space heating. So, one of the users successfully used the installation for heating a small workshop, and, as practice has shown, there were no problems with handling. The heat from one load was kept in the system for three to four hours, which indicates the unequivocal expediency of the installation.
Advantages:
- high quality of both the body and the internal structure;
- acceptable efficiency (84-85 percent);
- positive user reviews;
- ease of maintenance;
- possibility of combination with gas boilers.
Disadvantages:
- low rated power (13.5 kW).
1 Protherm Beaver 50 DLO
The best efficiency indicator (90.2%). High boiler power (39 kW)
Country: Slovakia
Average price: 109500 rubles.
Rating (2019): 5.0
Protherm Bober 50 DLO is a real monster among the elite, a product of Slovak production, which will definitely appeal to everyone who wants to have a high-performance heating boiler.
The Slovaks did not come up with anything new to preserve useful thermal energy. Based on well-known physical laws, facts and practice, they simply stuffed heat-insulating glass wool under the cast-iron body, thereby reducing heat losses. As a result of this simple step, efficiency soared to a crazy 90 percent. By updating the standard form of heat sinks, they were able to increase the volume of the combustion chamber. Thus, with one load, you can bring a completely comfortable temperature into a room up to 350 squares. This is largely facilitated by the rated power of 39 kilowatts.
Advantages:
- high technical characteristics;
- appropriate build quality;
- large heated area;
- low heat losses due to the presence of insulating material;
- the presence of an air regulator;
- availability of service tools.
Disadvantages:
- not detected.
The best solid fuel pyrolysis boilers
The action of pyrolysis, or gas-generating, boilers is based on the combustion of wood gas released from smoldering firewood under the influence of temperature. When passing through the nozzle, the gas burns out, which contributes to the formation of a small amount of ash and soot. The efficiency of such boilers reaches 85 percent. The burning time of one load is from 5 to 12 hours. The disadvantages include the high price and special requirements for fuel - only dry firewood is needed for heating.
3 Wirbel BIO-TEC 35
High level of efficiency (91%)
Country: Austria
Average price: 370216 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8
Austrian boiler, able to maintain a comfortable temperature throughout the day. It all depends on the chosen power: in the nominal mode, the burning of firewood and briquettes is no more than four hours. With a decrease in the rate, the rate of complete combustion of the bookmark decreases. According to experts, an important difference between this model and domestic ones lies in the actual pyrolysis process, as opposed to ordinary afterburning. Perhaps the only drawback of the boiler is the need for a permanent connection to the CAS - a specialized heat storage tank. The supplied control panel is responsible for the functioning of the systems.
Advantages:
- the presence of a control panel - full automation of processes;
- after pyrolysis, the process of afterburning of exhaust gases takes place - complete fuel production;
- high power rating.
Disadvantages:
- failure of the control panel deprives the user of the possibility of manipulating processes;
- very high cost.
2 Bourgeois-K STANDARD-20
Affordable price
Country Russia
Average price: 55470 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8
The heating power of the boilers of the Bourgeois-K series has been repeatedly called into question - they say, a value of 20 kilowatts does not mean absolutely anything, since it does not heat the declared area of 200 square meters. Some of the users take the side of the manufacturers, someone claims to be incapable. Nevertheless, endless disputes have formed a good stir around the lineup, so the technician does not experience a lack of attention. The burning time of one bookmark in it is about ten hours. In terms of price, this boiler is noticeably inferior to "foreign" models, which is its main and irrefutable advantage.
Advantages:
- the cost is lower than that of competitors;
- high thermal power and corresponding heating capacity;
- bookmark burning duration;
- low fuel consumption.
Disadvantages:
- huge excitement around the possible discrepancy between the characteristics of the declared information.
1 Wattek PYROTEK 36
Best rated heat output (36 kW)
Country: Czech Republic
Average price: 171,900 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9
A pyrolysis boiler of a serious European level, created according to all current quality standards. Czech manufacturers decided to release a line of automatic control units, which at the same time made life easier and more difficult for themselves and users. The fact is that “automation” is a delicate thing, and in some especially unfavorable cases (due to accidents) it can easily fail. Repair and adjustment of the control system on a boiler of this level is expensive, which often causes bewilderment and an angry reaction from people. Perhaps this is the only significant drawback of the system, because in other components it is almost perfect.
Advantages:
- the presence of an automatic control system for temperature and regime parameters;
- availability of emergency, boiler and boiler sensors;
- burning of the wood deposit is 12 hours, briquettes - 15-17 hours;
- high quality assembly materials;
- extended complete base.
Disadvantages:
- adjustment and repair of the automatic control system, in case of failure, will cost the consumer a pretty penny.
The best solid fuel pellet boilers
Pellet boilers are overall installations equipped with bunkers for granulated wood waste. The dimensions of such granules are from 5 to 70 millimeters in length and from 6 to 10 millimeters in thickness. This is the longest way to heat a room. The duration of heating directly depends on the volume of the adjacent bunker, and can be 2-12 days. The main disadvantage of such boilers is scarce fuel. Granular pellets are not sold everywhere, so there is a high probability of equipment downtime.
3 ZOTA Pellet 100А
The optimum ratio of price and quality
Country Russia
Average price: 379,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9
One such boiler is more than enough to heat the whole building, where there is a water heating system with a pre-installed pump for forced circulation. Manipulation of all aspects of the system is reduced to an electronic control panel. This system is truly indestructible - unless, of course, the user has a reverse goal. The rated power of the boiler reaches 100 kilowatts, but it can be reduced by regulating the air supply. The supply of pellets to the furnace is regulated in the same way. The only and most significant drawback of the system is the excess weight of the structure. 829 kilograms - this is how much this unit weighs, which is not so easy to move even within the delivery task, not to mention the final installation.
Advantages:
- the price corresponds to the declared parameters;
- fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber by a screw mechanism;
- the electronic control system controls all aspects of the unit's functionality;
- high power rating.
Disadvantages:
- very heavy structure.
2 ACV TKAN 100
Optimal set of parameters in a lightweight package
Country: Belgium
Average price: 554,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9
Almost complete analogy of the lower model, ACV (ATsV) TKAN 100 is one of the best pellet boilers on the world market. The screw feed mechanism, the presence of an electronic control system, a rated power of 100 kilowatts - all this is not new. The main difference between the two models lies in the parameters of price and weight - ACV weighs only 595 kilograms (significantly less than the opponent), but costs one and a half times more. Nevertheless, based on the words of experts and those rare users who dealt with this boiler (mainly in large enterprises), we can conclude that its quality parameters are very high.
Advantages:
- not the largest weight of the structure;
- high level of efficiency (90%) and rated power;
- the presence of an electronic control system that provides full control over the ongoing processes;
- screw feeder.
Disadvantages:
- high price.
1 PELLUX COMPACT
The best compact model. The highest level of efficiency (92%)
Country: Sweden
Average price: 220941 rubles.
Rating (2019): 5.0
Although not large, but the high-performance model of the PELLUX COMPACT pellet boiler boasts a high efficiency value - as much as 92 percent at the optimum level of operation. All this and much more is the result of the vigorous activity of the Swedish company NIBE, which specializes in the production of solid fuel boilers. The installed burner makes it possible to obtain such an efficiency value, which has a positive effect on reducing the consumption of granular pellets while increasing the release of thermal power. Another clear advantage is the presence of a replacement grid in the combustion chamber, which allows you to turn a pellet boiler into a pyrolysis boiler by replacing pellets with dry logs.
Advantages:
- economical burner, which allowed to reduce fuel consumption and increase heat output;
- availability of automated electronic control;
- the ability, if necessary, to switch to another type of fuel - from pellets to firewood and vice versa;
- high level of efficiency;
- high build quality.
Disadvantages:
- no serious deficiencies were found.
The best double-circuit solid fuel boilers
Double-circuit boilers win over the models already considered in the sense that they are used not only for heating the house, but also for providing hot water. This is one of the best solutions for private houses located in areas where it is impossible to connect gas and often there are power outages. Double-circuit solid fuel boilers are economical in operation and many models fully satisfy the needs of users in heat and hot water.
3 Bourgeois-K T-50A-2K
Possibility of heating large areas
Country Russia
Average price: 156520 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.7
One of the most powerful solid fuel double-circuit pyrolysis boilers. Designed for heating large areas up to 500 m 2, it can be used for heating cottages and industrial premises and providing them with hot water. Due to the complete autonomy of the boiler, it can be used in places where electricity is not available. Firewood, wood processing waste and coal of any brand can be loaded into the firebox. Fuel consumption is very economical - the boiler works up to 10 hours on one tab. This produces a small amount of ash, so there is no need for frequent cleaning. The boiler is made of high quality materials, has a long service life (about 15 years), which is confirmed by user reviews.
Advantages:
- heating of areas up to 500 m 2 ;
- reliability, safety and durability;
- ease of management and maintenance;
- work up to 10 hours on one tab;
- a large selection of fuel and its economical consumption.
Disadvantages:
- high price.
2 Kiturami KF-35A
Best efficiency and economy
Country: South Korea
Average price: 121770 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8
The pyrolysis solid fuel boiler is equipped with a second circuit for producing hot water. Many users consider this model one of the best options for rural areas, small houses up to 100 m2. The boiler is characterized by high efficiency (85%) and economical fuel consumption due to the heat exchanger with three combustion stages. Additional savings are achieved by turning off the boiler fan when the required temperature is reached.
It is allowed to unload up to 40 kg of firewood into the oversized combustion chamber at the same time, so constant monitoring of the boiler is not required. Wood briquettes can be used instead of firewood. Operational safety is also enhanced by the presence of overheating and water level sensors.
Advantages:
- electronic control, display;
- high efficiency;
- economical fuel consumption;
- stable temperature maintenance;
- operational safety;
- good feedback.
Disadvantages:
- only small areas up to 100 m2 can be heated.
1 Karakan 16TPEV 3
The lowest price
Country Russia
Average price: 25300 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9
Universal solid fuel boiler of domestic production is designed for heating private houses up to 160 m2, garages, greenhouses, small industrial premises. It has two circuits for heating and hot water. At the top is a cooking stove with one burner for cooking. The boiler is made soundly, from good quality steel. The service life is ensured by a "water head" surrounding it from all sides, preventing overheating and burnout of the metal.
The functionality of the model is enhanced by some design features provided by the manufacturer. This is the possibility of equipping the boiler with a gas burner - it is mounted instead of an ash pan. Also on the side surface there is a hole for mounting a heating element, which allows you to use electricity as a backup fuel. Despite the low cost, the model is dominated by positive reviews.
Advantages:
- two contours;
- the presence of a hob;
- the possibility of mounting a heating element and a gas burner;
- high quality workmanship;
- deep firebox (56 cm);
- outlet water temperature up to 95 degrees.
Disadvantages:
- not the highest efficiency (75%).
The high cost of hydrocarbons is increasingly forcing private house owners to pay attention to solid fuel boilers. The widest range of products allows you to choose equipment that is not inferior in its characteristics to gas and electric heating boilers.
But how not to get confused in such a variety? What criteria should be guided by when choosing a solid fuel? How to choose the best solid fuel boiler for home heating? These and other questions can be answered in this publication.
Classification of boiler equipment
All solid fuel installations can be classified according to the following criteria:
- According to the material from which they are made. There are steel and cast iron solid fuels.
- According to the principle of fuel combustion. Distinguish between direct and pyrolysis combustion devices.
- According to the interval between loading the fuel chamber. This classification is rather conditional and depends on the type of fuel, the method of its combustion (upper, lower). There are boilers of classical loading and long-term boilers.
In addition, most homeowners pay attention to the cost of the device, its autonomy, security system, efficiency, brand and other points. But, the main factor in choosing boiler equipment is the type of fuel used. Only after analyzing the totality of all positions, it is possible with a sufficient degree of confidence to answer the question of the best solid fuel.
Our experts decided to simplify the task for potential owners of this equipment and made a rating of solid fuel boilers based on personal experience, popularity among our compatriots and feedback from real owners.