Temperature in the central heating system. How hot should radiators be?

The supply of heat to the room is associated with the simplest temperature graph. The temperature values ​​of the water supplied from the boiler room do not change indoors. They have standard values ​​and range from +70ºС to +95ºС. This temperature chart of the heating system is the most popular.

Adjusting the air temperature in the house

Not everywhere in the country centralized heating, so many residents install independent systems. Their temperature graph differs from the first option. In this case, the temperature indicators are significantly reduced. They depend on the efficiency of modern heating boilers.

If the temperature reaches +35ºС, the boiler will operate at maximum power. It depends on the heating element, where thermal energy can be taken in by exhaust gases. If the temperature values ​​are greater than + 70 ºС, then the boiler performance drops. In this case, its technical characteristics indicate an efficiency of 100%.

Temperature chart and calculation

How the graph will look depends on the outside temperature. The greater the negative value of the outside temperature, the greater the heat loss. Many do not know where to take this indicator. This temperature is listed in normative documents. The temperature of the coldest five-day period is taken as the calculated value, and the lowest value over the past 50 years is taken.

The graph shows the relationship between outside and inside temperatures. Let's say the outside temperature is -17ºС. Drawing a line up to the intersection with t2, we get a point characterizing the temperature of the water in the heating system.

Thanks to the temperature schedule, it is possible to prepare the heating system even under the most severe conditions. It also reduces the material costs of installing a heating system. If we consider this factor from the point of view of mass construction, the savings are significant.

inside premises depends from temperature coolant, a also others factors:

• Outside air temperature. The smaller it is, the more negatively it affects heating;
• Wind. When strong wind heat loss increases;
• The indoor temperature depends on the thermal insulation of the structural elements of the building.

Over the past 5 years, the principles of construction have changed. Builders increase the value of a home by insulating elements. As a rule, this applies to basements, roofs, foundations. These costly measures subsequently allow residents to save on the heating system.

The graph shows the dependence of the temperature of the outdoor and indoor air. The lower the outdoor temperature, the higher the temperature of the heating medium in the system.

The temperature schedule is developed for each city during heating period. In small settlements, a temperature chart of the boiler house is drawn up, which provides required amount coolant to the consumer.

Change temperature schedule can several ways:

• quantitative - characterized by a change in the flow rate of the coolant supplied to the heating system;
• high-quality - consists in regulating the temperature of the coolant before being supplied to the premises;
• temporary - a discrete method of supplying water to the system.

The temperature graph is a graph of heating pipelines that distributes heating load and regulated by centralized systems. There is also increased schedule, it is created for closed system heating, that is, to ensure the supply of hot coolant to the connected objects. When applied open system it is necessary to adjust the temperature graph, since the coolant is consumed not only for heating, but also for domestic water consumption.

The calculation of the temperature graph is made according to simple method. Hto build it needed initial temperature air data:

• outdoor;
• in room;
• in the supply and return pipelines;
• at the exit of the building.

In addition, you should know the nominal heat load. All other coefficients are normalized by reference documentation. The calculation of the system is made for any temperature graph, depending on the purpose of the room. For example, for large industrial and civil facilities, a schedule of 150/70, 130/70, 115/70 is drawn up. For residential buildings, this figure is 105/70 and 95/70. The first indicator shows the temperature on the supply, and the second - on the return. The calculation results are entered in a special table, which shows the temperature at certain points of the heating system, depending on the outside air temperature.

The main factor in calculating the temperature graph is outdoor temperature air. The calculation table should be drawn up so that the maximum values ​​​​of the temperature of the coolant in the heating system (schedule 95/70) provide heating of the room. The temperatures in the room are provided for by regulatory documents.

heating appliances

The main indicator is the temperature of the heating devices. The ideal temperature curve for heating is 90/70ºС. It is impossible to achieve such an indicator, since the temperature inside the room should not be the same. It is determined depending on the purpose of the room.

In accordance with the standards, the temperature in the corner living room is +20ºС, in the rest - +18ºС; in the bathroom - + 25ºС. If the outside air temperature is -30ºС, then the indicators increase by 2ºС.

Except Togo, exist norms for others types premises:

• in rooms where children are located - + 18ºС to + 23ºС;
• children's educational institutions - + 21ºС;
• in cultural institutions with mass attendance - +16ºС to +21ºС.

This area of ​​temperature values ​​is compiled for all types of premises. It depends on the movements performed inside the room: the more of them, the lower the air temperature. For example, in sports facilities people move a lot, so the temperature is only +18ºС.

Exist certain factors, from which depends temperature heating appliances:

• Outside air temperature;
• Type of heating system and temperature difference: for single pipe system- + 105ºС, and for a single-pipe - + 95ºС. Accordingly, the differences in for the first region are 105/70ºС, and for the second - 95/70ºС;
• The direction of the coolant supply to the heating devices. At the top supply, the difference should be 2 ºС, at the bottom - 3ºС;
• Type of heating devices: heat transfers are different, so the temperature graph will be different.

First of all, the temperature of the coolant depends on the outside air. For example, the outside temperature is 0°C. At the same time, the temperature regime in the radiators should be equal to 40-45ºС on the supply, and 38ºС on the return. When the air temperature is below zero, for example, -20ºС, these indicators change. In this case, the flow temperature becomes 77/55ºC. If the temperature indicator reaches -40ºС, then the indicators become standard, that is, at the supply + 95/105ºС, and at the return - + 70ºС.

Additional options

In order for a certain temperature of the coolant to reach the consumer, it is necessary to monitor the state of the outside air. For example, if it is -40ºС, the boiler room should supply hot water with an indicator of + 130ºС. Along the way, the coolant loses heat, but still the temperature remains high when it enters the apartments. Optimal value+95ºС. To do this, an elevator assembly is installed in the basements, which serves for mixing hot water from the boiler room and the coolant from the return pipeline.

Several institutions are responsible for the heating main. The boiler house monitors the supply of hot coolant to the heating system, and the state of the pipelines is monitored by city heating network. Behind elevator element is responsible for the JEC. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of supplying coolant to new house, you need to contact different offices.

Installation of heating devices is carried out in accordance with regulatory documents. If the owner himself replaces the battery, then he is responsible for the functioning of the heating system and changing temperature regime.

Adjustment methods

If the boiler room is responsible for the parameters of the coolant leaving the warm point, then the employees of the housing office should be responsible for the temperature inside the room. Many tenants complain about the cold in the apartments. This is due to the deviation of the temperature graph. In rare cases, it happens that the temperature rises by a certain value.

Heating parameters can be adjusted in three ways:

• Nozzle reaming.

If the temperature of the coolant at the supply and return is significantly underestimated, then it is necessary to increase the diameter of the elevator nozzle. Thus, more liquid will pass through it.

How to do it? To begin with, shut-off valves are closed (house valves and cranes at the elevator unit). Next, the elevator and nozzle are removed. Then it is drilled out by 0.5-2 mm, depending on how much it is necessary to increase the temperature of the coolant. After these procedures, the elevator is mounted in its original place and put into operation.

To ensure sufficient tightness of the flange connection, it is necessary to replace the paronite gaskets with rubber ones.

• Suction dampening.

At extreme cold when there is a problem of freezing of the heating system in the apartment, the nozzle can be completely removed. In this case, the suction can become a jumper. To do this, it is necessary to muffle it with a steel pancake, 1 mm thick. Such a process is performed only in critical situations, since the temperature in the pipelines and heating appliances will reach 130ºС.

• Drop adjustment.

In the middle of the heating period, a significant increase in temperature can occur. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate it using a special valve on the elevator. To do this, the supply of hot coolant is switched to the supply pipeline. A manometer is mounted on the return. Adjustment occurs by closing the valve on the supply pipeline. Next, the valve opens slightly, and the pressure should be monitored using a pressure gauge. If you just open it, then there will be a drawdown of the cheeks. That is, an increase in the pressure drop occurs in the return pipeline. Every day, the indicator increases by 0.2 atmosphere, and the temperature in the heating system must be constantly monitored.

Heat supply. Video

How is the heat supply of private and apartment buildings can be found in the video below.

When drawing up a temperature schedule for heating, it is necessary to take into account various factors. This list includes not only structural elements building, but the outside temperature, as well as the type of heating system.

In contact with

After installing the heating system, it is necessary to adjust the temperature regime. This procedure must be carried out in accordance with existing standards.

The requirements for the temperature of the coolant are set out in the regulatory documents that establish the design, installation and use engineering systems residential and public buildings. They are described in the State building codes and rules:

• DBN (B. 2.5-39 Heat networks);
• SNiP 2.04.05 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning".

For the calculated temperature of the water in the supply, the figure is taken that is equal to the temperature of the water at the outlet of the boiler, according to its passport data.

For individual heating to decide what should be the temperature of the coolant, should be taking into account such factors:

1. Beginning and end heating season on average daily temperature outside +8 °C for 3 days;
2. The average temperature inside heated premises of housing and communal and public importance should be 20 ° C, and for industrial buildings 16 ° C;
3. The average design temperature must comply with the requirements of DBN V.2.2-10, DBN V.2.2.-4, DSanPiN 5.5.2.008, SP No. 3231-85.

According to SNiP 2.04.05 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning" (clause 3.20), the coolant limit values ​​are as follows:

Depending on the external factors, the water temperature in the heating system can be from 30 to 90 °C. When heated above 90 ° C, dust and paintwork begin to decompose. For these reasons sanitary norms prohibit more heating.

For calculation optimal performance special charts and tables can be used that define the norms depending on the season:

• With an average value outside the window of 0 °С, the supply for radiators with different wiring is set at a level of 40 to 45 °С, and the return temperature is from 35 to 38 °С;
• At -20 °С, the supply is heated from 67 to 77 °С, while the return rate should be from 53 to 55 °С;
• At -40 ° C outside the window for all heating devices set the maximum allowed values. At the supply it is from 95 to 105 ° C, and at the return - 70 ° C.

Optimal values ​​in an individual heating system

Autonomous heating helps to avoid many problems that arise with centralized network, and the optimum temperature of the coolant can be adjusted according to the season. In the case of individual heating, the concept of norm includes the heat transfer of a heating device per unit area of ​​​​the room where this device is located. The thermal regime in this situation is provided design features heating appliances.

It is important to ensure that the heat carrier in the network does not cool below 70 ° C. 80 °C is considered optimal. With gas boiler it is easier to control heating, because manufacturers limit the possibility of heating the coolant to 90 ° C. Using sensors to adjust the gas supply, the heating of the coolant can be controlled.

It is a little more difficult with solid fuel devices, they do not regulate the heating of the liquid, and can easily turn it into steam. And it is impossible to reduce the heat from coal or wood by turning the knob in such a situation. At the same time, the control of heating of the coolant is rather conditional with high errors and is performed by rotary thermostats and mechanical dampers.

Electric boilers allow you to smoothly adjust the heating of the coolant from 30 to 90 ° C. They are equipped with an excellent overheating protection system.

One-pipe and two-pipe lines

The design features of a single-pipe and two-pipe heating network determine different norms for heating the coolant.

For example, for a single-pipe line, the maximum rate is 105 ° C, and for a two-pipe line - 95 ° C, while the difference between the return and supply should be, respectively: 105 - 70 ° C and 95 - 70 ° C.

Matching the temperature of the heat carrier and the boiler

Regulators help to coordinate the temperature of the coolant and the boiler. These are devices that create automatic control and correction of the return and supply temperatures.

The return temperature depends on the amount of liquid passing through it. The regulators cover the liquid supply and increase the difference between the return and supply to the level that is needed, and the necessary pointers are installed on the sensor.

If it is necessary to increase the flow, then a boost pump can be added to the network, which is controlled by a regulator. To reduce the heating of the supply, a “cold start” is used: that part of the liquid that has passed through the network is again transferred from the return to the inlet.

The regulator redistributes the supply and return flows according to the data taken by the sensor, and ensures strict temperature norms heating networks.

Ways to reduce heat loss

The above information will help to be used for the correct calculation of the coolant temperature norm and will tell you how to determine the situations when you need to use the regulator.

But it is important to remember that the temperature in the room is affected not only by the temperature of the coolant, outdoor air and wind strength. The degree of insulation of the facade, doors and windows in the house should also be taken into account.

To reduce the heat loss of housing, you need to worry about its maximum thermal insulation. Insulated walls, sealed doors, metal-plastic windows help reduce heat loss. It will also reduce heating costs.

In order to comfortably survive the cold season, you need to worry in advance about the creation of a high-quality heating system. If you live in a private house, you have an autonomous network, and if you live in an apartment complex, you have a centralized network. Whatever it is, it is still necessary that the temperature of the batteries during the heating season be within the limits established by SNiP. Let us analyze in this article the temperature of the coolant for different systems heating.

The heating season begins when the average daily temperature outside drops below +8°C and stops, respectively, when it rises above this mark, but it also stays that way for up to 5 days.

Regulations. What temperature should be in the rooms (minimum):

• In a residential area +18°C;
• AT corner room+20°C;
• In the kitchen +18°C;
• In the bathroom +25°C;
• In corridors and flights of stairs +16°C;
• In the elevator +5°C;
• In the basement +4°C;
• In the attic +4°C.

It should be noted that these temperature standards refer to the period of the heating season and do not apply to the rest of the time. Also, information will be useful that hot water should be from + 50 ° C to + 70 ° C, according to SNiP-u 2.08.01.89 "Residential buildings".

There are several types of heating systems:

The coolant circulates without interruption. This is due to the fact that the change in temperature and density of the coolant occurs continuously. Because of this, heat is distributed evenly over all elements of the heating system with natural circulation.

The circular pressure of water directly depends on the temperature difference between hot and cold water. Typically, in the first heating system, the temperature of the coolant is 95°C, and in the second 70°C.

With forced circulation

Such a system is divided into two types:

The difference between them is quite large. The pipe layout scheme, their number, sets of shut-off, control and monitoring valves are different.

According to SNiP 41-01-2003 (“Heating, ventilation and air conditioning”), Maximum temperature coolant in these heating systems is:

• two-pipe heating system - up to 95 ° С;
• single-pipe - up to 115°С;

The optimum temperature is from 85°C to 90°C (due to the fact that at 100°C, water already boils. When this value is reached, special measures must be taken to stop boiling).

The dimensions of the heat given off by the radiator depend on the installation location and the way the pipes are connected. Heat output can be reduced by 32% due to poor pipe placement.

The best option is diagonal connection when hot water is coming from above, and the return line - from below the opposite side. Thus, radiators are tested in tests.

The most unfortunate thing is when hot water comes from below, and cold water from above on the same side.

Calculation of the optimal temperature of the heater

The most important thing is the most comfortable temperature for human existence+37°C.

S*h*41:42,

• where S is the area of ​​the room;
• h is the height of the room;
• 41 - minimum power per 1 cubic meter S;
• 42 - nominal thermal conductivity of one section according to the passport.

Please note that a radiator placed under a window in a deep niche will give almost 10% less heat. decorative box will take 15-20%.

When you use a radiator to maintain the required air temperature in the room, you have two options: you can use small radiators and increase the temperature of the water in them (high temperature heating) or install a large radiator, but the surface temperature will not be so high (low temperature heating) .

In high-temperature heating, the radiators are very hot and can cause burns if touched. In addition, at high temperature radiator, the decomposition of dust that has settled on it, which will then be inhaled by people, may begin.

Using low temperature heating The appliances are slightly warm, but the room is still warm. In addition, this method is more economical and safer.

Cast iron radiators

The average heat transfer from a separate section of the radiator made of this material is from 130 to 170 W, due to the thick walls and the large mass of the device. Therefore, it takes a lot of time to warm up the room. Although this has a reverse plus - a large inertia ensures a long preservation of heat in the radiator after the boiler is turned off.

The temperature of the coolant in it is 85-90 ° C

Aluminum radiators

This material is light, heats up easily and has good heat dissipation from 170 to 210 watts/section. However, subject to negative impact other metals and may not be installed in every system.

The operating temperature of the heat carrier in the heating system with this radiator is 70°C

Steel radiators

The material has even lower thermal conductivity. But due to the increase in surface area with partitions and ribs, it still heats well. Heat dissipation from 270 W - 6.7 kW. However, this is the power of the entire radiator, and not its individual segment. The final temperature depends on the dimensions of the heater and the number of fins and plates in its design.

The operating temperature of the coolant in the heating system with this radiator is also 70 ° C

So which one is better?

It is likely that it will be more profitable to install equipment with a combination of the properties of an aluminum and steel battery - a bimetallic radiator. It will cost you more, but it will also last longer.

The advantage of such devices is obvious: if aluminum can withstand the temperature of the coolant in the heating system only up to 110 ° C, then bimetal up to 130 ° C.

Heat dissipation, on the contrary, is worse than that of aluminum, but better than other radiators: from 150 to 190 watts.

Warm floor

Another way to create a comfortable temperature environment in the room. What are its advantages and disadvantages over conventional radiators?

From the school physics course, we know about the phenomenon of convection. Cold air tends to go down, and when it gets hot it goes up. That's why my feet get cold. The warm floor changes everything - the air heated below is forced to rise up.

Each heating system has certain characteristics. These include power, heat transfer and temperature operation. They determine the efficiency of work, directly affecting the comfort of living in the house. How to choose the right temperature graph and heating mode, its calculation?

Drawing up a temperature chart

The temperature schedule of the heating system is calculated according to several parameters. Not only the degree of heating of the premises, but also the flow rate of the coolant depends on the selected mode. This also affects the ongoing costs of heating maintenance.

The drawn up schedule of the temperature regime of heating depends on several parameters. The main one is the level of water heating in the mains. It, in turn, consists of the following characteristics:

• Temperature in the supply and return pipelines. Measurements are made in the corresponding boiler nozzles;
• Characteristics of the degree of heating of air indoors and outdoors.

The correct calculation of the heating temperature graph begins with the calculation of the difference between the temperature of the hot water in the direct and supply pipes. This value has the following notation:

∆T=Tin-Tob

Where Tin- water temperature in the supply line, Tob- the degree of heating of water in the return pipe.

To increase the heat transfer of the heating system, it is necessary to increase the first value. To reduce the coolant flow rate, ∆t must be kept to a minimum. This is precisely the main difficulty, since the temperature schedule of the heating boiler directly depends on external factors - heat losses in the building, outdoor air.

To optimize the heating power, it is necessary to make thermal insulation of the outer walls of the house. This will decrease heat loss and energy consumption.

Temperature calculation

To determine the optimal temperature regime, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the heating components - radiators and batteries. In particular, specific power (W / cm²). This will directly affect the heat transfer of heated water to air into the room.

It is also necessary to make a series preliminary calculations. This takes into account the characteristics of the house and heating devices:

• Heat transfer resistance coefficient of external walls and window structures. It must be at least 3.35 m² * C / W. Depends on the climatic features of the region;
• Surface power of radiators.

The temperature curve of the heating system is directly dependent on these parameters. To calculate the heat loss of a house, it is necessary to know the thickness of the outer walls and the building material. The calculation of the surface power of batteries is carried out according to the following formula:

Rud=P/Fact

Where R – maximum power, W, fact– radiator area, cm².

According to the data obtained, a temperature regime for heating and a heat transfer schedule are compiled depending on the temperature outside.

To timely change the heating parameters, a temperature heating controller is installed. This device connects to outdoor and indoor thermometers. Depending on the current indicators, the operation of the boiler or the volume of coolant inflow to the radiators is adjusted.

The weekly programmer is the optimal temperature controller for heating. With its help, you can automate the operation of the entire system as much as possible.

Central heating

For district heating the temperature regime of the heating system depends on the characteristics of the system. Currently, there are several types of parameters of the coolant supplied to consumers:

• 150°C/70°C. To normalize the water temperature with the help of an elevator unit, it is mixed with a cooled stream. In this case, it is possible to draw up an individual temperature schedule for a heating boiler house for a particular house;
• 90°C/70°C. It is typical for small private heating systems designed to supply heat to several apartment buildings. In this case, you can not install the mixing unit.

It is the responsibility of utilities to calculate the temperature heating schedule and control its parameters. At the same time, the degree of air heating in residential premises should be at the level of + 22 ° С. For non-residential, this figure is slightly lower - + 16 ° С.

For centralized system drawing up the correct temperature schedule for the heating boiler room is required to ensure optimal comfortable temperature in apartments. The main problem is the lack feedback- it is impossible to adjust the parameters of the coolant depending on the degree of air heating in each apartment. That is why the temperature schedule of the heating system is drawn up.

A copy of the heating schedule can be requested from Management Company. With it, you can control the quality of the services provided.

Heating system

Do the same calculations for autonomous systems heating of a private house is often not necessary. If the scheme provides for indoor and outdoor temperature sensors, information about them will be sent to the boiler control unit.

Therefore, in order to reduce energy consumption, a low-temperature heating mode is most often chosen. It is characterized by relatively low water heating (up to +70°C) and a high degree of water circulation. This is necessary to evenly distribute heat to all heaters.

To implement such a temperature regime of the heating system, the following conditions must be met:

• Minimum heat loss in the house. However, one should not forget about normal air exchange - ventilation is a must;
• High heat output of radiators;
• Installation automatic regulators heating temperatures.

If there is a need to perform a correct calculation of the system, it is recommended to use special software systems. There are too many factors to consider for self-calculation. But with their help, you can draw up approximate temperature graphs for heating modes.

However, it should be borne in mind that an accurate calculation of the heat supply temperature schedule is done for each system individually. The tables show the recommended values ​​for the degree of heating of the coolant in the supply and return pipes, depending on the temperature outside. When performing calculations, the characteristics of the building, the climatic features of the region were not taken into account. But even so, they can be used as a basis for creating a temperature graph for a heating system.

The maximum load of the system should not affect the quality of the boiler. Therefore, it is recommended to purchase it with a power reserve of 15-20%.

Even the most accurate temperature chart of the heating boiler room will experience deviations in the calculated and actual data during operation. This is due to the peculiarities of the operation of the system. What factors can influence the current temperature regime of heat supply?

• Pollution of pipelines and radiators. To avoid this, periodic cleaning of the heating system should be carried out;
• Incorrect operation of the regulating and stop valves. Be sure to check the performance of all components;
• Violation of the boiler operation mode - sudden temperature jumps as a result - pressure.

Maintaining the optimal temperature regime of the system is possible only when right choice its components. For this, their operational and technical properties should be taken into account.

Battery heating can be adjusted using a thermostat, the principle of operation of which can be found in the video:

Most city apartments are connected to the central heating network. The main source of heat in major cities usually are boiler houses and CHP. A coolant is used to provide heat in the house. Typically, this is water. It is heated to a certain temperature and fed into the heating system. But the temperature in the heating system can be different and is related to the temperature indicators of the outside air.

To effectively provide city apartments with heat, regulation is necessary. Follow set mode heating helps the temperature chart. What is the heating temperature chart, what types of it are, where is it used and how to compile it - the article will tell about all this.

Under the temperature graph is understood a graph that shows the required mode of water temperature in the heat supply system, depending on the level of outdoor temperature. Most often, the heating temperature schedule is determined for central heating. According to this schedule, heat is supplied to city apartments and other objects that are used by people. This schedule allows optimum temperature and save resources on heating.

When is a temperature chart needed?

Apart from district heating the schedule is widely used in domestic autonomous heating systems. In addition to the need to adjust the temperature in the room, the schedule is also used in order to provide for safety measures during operation. household systems heating. This is especially true for those who install the system. Since the choice of equipment parameters for heating an apartment directly depends on the temperature graph.

Based on the climatic features and the temperature schedule of the region, a boiler and heating pipes are selected. The power of the radiator, the length of the system and the number of sections also depend on the temperature established by the standard. After all, the temperature of the heating radiators in the apartment should be within the standard. O technical specifications cast iron radiators can be read.

What are temperature charts?

Graphs may vary. The standard for the temperature of the apartment heating batteries depends on the option chosen.

The choice of a specific schedule depends on:

1. climate of the region;
2. boiler room equipment;
3. technical and economic indicators heating system.

Allocate graphs of one and two-pipe system heat supply.

Designate the heating temperature graph with two digits. For example, the temperature graph for heating 95-70 is deciphered as follows. To maintain the desired air temperature in the apartment, the coolant must enter the system with a temperature of +95 degrees, and exit - with a temperature of +70 degrees. Typically, this chart is used for autonomous heating. All old houses with a height of up to 10 floors are designed for heating schedule 95 70. But, if the house has a large number of storeys, then the heating temperature chart of 130 70 is more suitable.

In modern new buildings, when calculating heating systems, the schedule 90-70 or 80-60 is most often adopted. True, another option may be approved at the discretion of the designer. The lower the air temperature, the coolant must have a higher temperature when entering the heating system. The temperature schedule is chosen, as a rule, when designing the heating system of a building.

Features of scheduling

The temperature graph indicators are developed based on the capabilities of the heating system, the heating boiler, and temperature fluctuations in the street. By creating a temperature balance, you can use the system more carefully, which means it will last much longer. Indeed, depending on the materials of the pipes, the fuel used, not all devices are always able to withstand sudden temperature changes.

When choosing the optimal temperature, they are usually guided by the following factors:

It should be noted that the temperature of the water in the central heating batteries should be such that it will warm the building well. For different rooms different standards have been developed. For example, for a residential apartment, the air temperature should not be less than +18 degrees. In kindergartens and hospitals, this figure is higher: +21 degrees.

When the temperature of the heating batteries in the apartment is low and does not allow the room to warm up to +18 degrees, the owner of the apartment has the right to contact the utility service to increase the efficiency of heating.

Since the temperature in the room depends on the season and climatic features, the temperature standard for heating batteries may be different. Heating of water in the heat supply system of the building can vary from +30 to +90 degrees. When the temperature of the water in the heating system is above +90 degrees, then decomposition begins paintwork, dust. Therefore, above this mark, heating the coolant is prohibited by sanitary standards.

It must be said that the design outdoor temperature for heating design depends on the diameter of the distributing pipelines, the size heating devices and coolant flow in heating system. There is a special heating temperature table that facilitates the calculation of the schedule.

The optimum temperature in the heating batteries, the norms of which are set according to the heating temperature chart, allows you to create comfortable conditions residence. More details about bimetallic radiators heating can be found.

The temperature schedule is set for each heating system.

Thanks to him, the temperature in the home is maintained at optimal level. Graphs may vary. Many factors are taken into account in their development. Any schedule before being put into practice needs to be approved by the authorized institution of the city.