How long does the heating season end? Heating period according to the law of days

When does the heating season end in houses with central heating? Can any factors move the end of the season to an earlier or later date? What events accompany the end heating season and preparing for the next one? Let's try to answer these questions.

About dates

So, what is the beginning and end of the heating operation tied to?

Legal Requirements

The answers can be found in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 307 “Rules for providing utilities citizens."

1. If there is an autonomous heating system in the house, the deadlines for the end and start of the heating season are set by the owners of the premises.

To clarify: at the same time, they pay for the actual consumption of energy or electricity.
Simply put, apartment owners are faced with a choice: either bask and pay for it, or save at the cost of some discomfort.

1. For DH systems, the length of the season is linked to the average daily temperature. Heating starts when average daily temperature within five days is +8 and below degrees; the order to end the heating season is given when the air warms up to the same +8 during a five-day period.

The main criterion is outdoor temperature. After it reaches +8, the heating is turned off.

Meanwhile in the real world

Resolutions are resolutions, but in reality it is much more convenient to deal with specific dates known in advance. There are quite a few reasons for this.

Let's take a look at the most obvious ones.

• CHP and heating mains to start heating must be brought to a certain mode; in fairness, it is necessary to create a difference between the return and supply pipelines. In summer it is absent or minimal; in winter, in the heating mains, pressure is maintained in the region of 6-7 kgf / cm2 at the supply and 3-4 kgf / cm2 at the return.
  Creating a differential and, most importantly, heating the coolant requires certain energy resources and takes considerable time: the volume of water in the routes of an average city is thousands of cubic meters. It is simply unrealistic to prepare for launch within half an hour after the forecasters report.
• Depending on when the end of the heating season and when the new one begins, the order of work of the personnel of service organizations is planned.
  Both events are accompanied by a sharp increase in accidents.
  What exactly is failing?

• For the moment of launch, flooding of apartments through open flushing taps and unplugged piping of dismantled radiators is typical.

• Replacing heaters with your own hands means the inevitable and numerous leaks of threaded, fitting and welded joints. Alas, for most people the word "pressure" is simply unfamiliar.
• Finally, from the moment the residents are officially notified about the start of heating, complaints about cold heating appliances. Somewhere there are no residents upper floors, in the apartments of which Mayevsky cranes are located; Some people just don't know how to use them.
• The end of the heating season is accompanied by a massive onset of leaks between. Cooling down, the sections slightly reduce their linear dimensions; completely lost elasticity for many years of work, paronite gaskets are unable to retain water.

Since there is a significant amount of work for locksmiths, and at the same time foremen and site engineers who have to draw up acts for each incident, it would be quite logical to form a vacation schedule in such a way that all employees are in place by the key dates. You must admit that it is difficult to do this without knowing in advance how long the heating season will last.

That is why in practice the picture is somewhat different from that prescribed by law.

• The order to end the heating season and to start heating is given every year on the same day. So, in the Khabarovsk Territory, where the author happened to work, the heating was started from October 1 to October 5; The decision to end the season was received from the management of KTS (Communal Heating Networks) on May 15th.
• In case of serious temperature deviations from the usual for this season, the dates may shift by a week or more. As a rule, notifications about what date the season should start or end come from weather forecasters a few days before the expected date.

Events

Heating off

What happens after a decision is received from a higher organization on the end of the heating season by the residents?

Temperature Tests

In the spring, when the heating season ends (or shortly before its completion), the batteries in the apartments heat up especially strongly. Since it is quite warm on the streets at this time, the heat, of course, causes strong and quite unambiguous feelings among homeowners.

Contrary to popular belief, this is not stupidity or wastefulness. In early May, heating systems are tested for temperature. Thus, in heating mains and house systems, all potential problems associated with burnout of organic seals and thermal expansion of pipeline elements are identified.

The essence of the tests is simple and clear: at a constant pressure, the supply temperature rises to a maximum of 130-150 degrees.

The rules for preparing for temperature tests are not difficult: DHW is turned off completely; heating is operating normally.

Density Tests

Some time after the date when the heating season ends, another test is carried out - for density. Only heating mains are tested; the pressure in them rises from the standard 6-7 to 10-12 kgf / cm2 on both threads. At the same time, the temperature of the coolant is reduced to street temperature.

Why is it necessary? In order to identify all weak spots pipelines and organize their timely repair.

Here is a density test guide for housing service workers.

Let's clarify: the last point is necessary so that, with etching inlet valves, a pressure of 10-12 atmospheres does not destroy the heating system.
Water is practically incompressible, and for pressure growth in closed loop it needs very little.

The end date of the tests depends primarily on the presence or absence of accidents. As a rule, they last from a day to two.

flushing

Another event that is held after the heating is stopped or shortly before it is.

Most often it is performed by the hydropneumatic method:

1. The heating system is started to be discharged into the sewer. With the supply valve open and the return valve closed, a relief valve opens on the return.
2. Compressed air is forced into the supply through the control valve.
3. After a few hours, the direction of movement of the pulp is reversed.

The results of flushing are evaluated by a representative of heating networks. As a rule, the assessment comes down to checking the contents of the radiators of the driveway and apartment heating: bottom blind plugs are unscrewed from them.

Revision of valves

The action plan for preparing for the heating season includes:

1. revision stop valves elevator nodes.
2. Audit of the condition of the elevator nozzles and (if necessary) welding, boring or replacing them.

The revision of the shut-off valves is accompanied by its repair and (in case of non-repairability) replacement. Since the price of valves is quite high, they are trying to repair them - to weld on worn wedges and grind the cheeks. Preparing one valve for work can take up to half a working day.

In the photo - a revision of the valve on the stand.

How long the valve repair itself takes is not fundamental: a heating network representative can be invited for an inspection any day before the start of the next season. Checking the condition of the valves is extremely simple: after all the valves in the unit are closed, no water should flow through the open control valve.

Based on the check, an act of readiness of the subscriber is drawn up, after which a readiness passport for the next season is issued to the house.

Conclusion

We hope that our material was able to answer the reader's questions about the work schedule. central heating. As usual, the video attached to the article contains additional thematic materials. Good luck!

Among the problems that exist in the housing and communal services sector, citizens are of particular concern regarding the issue of duration of the heating period. Many do not know when it starts and ends, who is responsible for the heat supply. Later in the article we will deal with these issues.

Myths about the heating season

There are several misconceptions among citizens:

• Due to the fact that housing cooperatives, management companies or housing associations are responsible for the implementation of public services, these organizations are also responsible for supplying heat to houses. Accordingly, it is they who decide when to start heating season.
• Due to the fact that hot water comes from the resource supply company, it is she who decides to start the heat supply.
• Since the standards and tariffs for paying for services are set by the regional authorities, it is they who are responsible for starting and.

Another common myth is related to the timing of heat supply. Many believe that it begins no earlier than 5 days, during which the air temperature outside will be below +8 degrees. Accordingly, some citizens believe that if this condition is met within 4 days, and on the fifth day the temperature rises above +8, heat will not be supplied.

Rules for the provision of public services

This document was approved by government decree No. 354 of 2011. The Rules provide explanations on many issues related to the provision of housing and communal services to the population. They also explain how heat is supplied.

As established in paragraph 5 of the Rules, if the supply of thermal energy for heating is carried out through in-house engineering systems centralized network provision, then the beginning and end heating period established by the authorized body. At the same time, it must begin no later than and end no earlier than the day following the end date of the five-day period during which the average daily air temperature in the street was below or above 8 degrees. respectively.

Explanations

The words "no later than" mean that heating period the contractor (service provider) can start earlier than the deadline. In theory, this can happen at any time, but depends on outside air. During the heating period t air can be different. However, what matters is average per day.

For example, on the street during the day +12, and at night +2 degrees. Thus, it turns out that the average value is +7. It must be understood that average temperature of the heating period in different regions different. Accordingly, it also affects the duration of the heat supply period.

Based on the provisions of paragraph 5 of the Rules, it can be concluded that the contractor has the right to turn on the heating at any time. But the obligation to do this arises for him if the average temperature remains below +8 for 5 days.

Authorized body

Rules do not specify who is responsible for the heating season. With outdoor temperature everything is more or less clear. It is not clear which body should be considered authorized. Let us turn to the provisions of the Federal Law No. 131.

In paragraph 4 of paragraph 1 of part 16 of the article of the specified normative document among the issues assigned to the jurisdiction of municipal authorities, is the organization within the municipality of gas, water, heat supply, water disposal and sewerage. On the basis of Article 7 of the same law, on issues of local importance, legal acts are adopted directly by the population or structures of territorial self-government (their officials).

Consequently, the organization of heat supply is included in the list of issues, decisions on which are made by local authorities. This conclusion is specified in the Rules and Regulations for the operation of the housing stock. In paragraph 2.6.9 it is established that it begins on the date specified in the legal acts of the territorial structures of self-government. In the absence of such a decision, neither the HOA, nor the Criminal Code, nor other organizations can start supplying heat to houses, even if within 5 days. the average daily temperature is below +8.

findings

Based on the above information, we can conclude the following. The authority to decide on the start heating period vested in local authorities. The exceptions are the cities of fed. values ​​(St. Petersburg, Sevastopol, Moscow). In them, relevant resolutions can be adopted by state authorities.

Should begin after five days, during which the average daily temperature was at around +8. Simply put, heat is supplied on the sixth day. At the same time, legislation does not prohibit starting earlier than the specified time. But anyway, there must be a solution. local authorities authorities.

Calculation of the heating system

It is carried out in several ways:

• The average temperature of the heating period. It is expressed in degrees.
• Duration heating season (in degree days)).
• Outdoor temperature indicator during cold weather. Standard values are given in SNiP 2.04.05-91.

Degree days are calculated using the following formula:

GSOP \u003d (Tvn - Tot.per.) x z, wherein:

• Tvn - indoor temperature. For private houses, the indicator established in GOST 12.1.005-88 (20 degrees) is used.
• That lane - heating period temperature.
• Z is the duration of the heat supply period.

The value of the last two parameters is set in SNiP 23-01-99.

Specified parameters in different cities different. This is due to the different duration of the heat supply period and different temperature outside air. So, for example, in the northern regions, the duration of the period can be more than 300 days, and in the southern regions - no more than two months.

Features of heat supply

Heating in houses is supplied according to certain rules. If the supply is carried out through the central engineering and technical networks, then the heat enters through the pipeline. It is connected to the central boiler houses of the respective region and heat and power plants. From there he goes to the house.

Water is used as the heating medium in central boilers. The heating systems used allow keeping its temperature at the same level. In combined heat and power plants, the heat carrier is steam. It first enters the turbines, where it is used to generate electricity, and then enters the pipeline.

Direct supply of steam or water is carried out in an extensive engineering network. It runs above and below ground to structures. The network has two pipes. According to the first, the coolant enters the consumers, and according to the second, it is already cooled and returned back. Due to the continuous circulation in the apartments, the optimum temperature is maintained.

As a rule, in engineering and technical use pipes with a cross section of up to 140 cm. They are made of steel sheets and protected by heat-insulating materials.

Thin pipes run through the apartments, and radiators are installed to increase the heating efficiency.

Nuances of the system

It is logical that in summer period there is no need for heating. Therefore, in the warm season, the heating is turned off. This happens, as a rule, in the spring, after the temperature on the street is established and lasts at least +8 for 5 days. Turn on the heat supply usually in the fall.

Turning off heating for the summer allows citizens to save on utilities. At the same time, service organizations can check the serviceability engineering systems, identify and eliminate faults or replace worn parts.

Finally

Issues related to the period of the heating season, as a rule, concern mainly the population living in harsh climatic conditions. In remote areas of the country, the summer period lasts about 1-2 months. The air temperature drops already in September. In October-November, frosts begin in some regions. All this significantly complicates not only the lives of citizens, but also the work of housing and communal services. The heating system is under increased load, and the warm season is sometimes not enough to carry out checks and eliminate the identified malfunctions.

The easiest way is for residents of the southern regions. Here the situation is reversed. Winter in such regions lasts 1-2 months. The rest of the time the air temperature is above zero.

However, it should be said that the procedure for supplying heat to the population is valid throughout the country. This means that if in the southern regions the average daily temperature remains below +8 for 5 days, heating should be turned on for citizens.

Heat can be supplied not only to apartment buildings, but also to private houses. However, this is not beneficial for everyone. Connecting to a centralized network costs more than installing a stand-alone system in your home.

In view of the climatic conditions of the region, heating apartments and houses in cold weather is prerequisite comfortable and safe living in them.

The beginning of the heating season and its end are tied to a specific date, but the dates may be adjusted if the cold snap started earlier than usual. Therefore, the heating season may have different date start, this is decided by local authorities, municipal utilities of the city, sanitary services.

For those apartment owners who use a centralized highway, it is important to know when heat will be supplied. After all violation of the regime - a reason to file a complaint with the responsible authority.

ATTENTION! The standard heating period is typical for houses with a centralized heat supply system. Homeowners with an individual boiler can independently turn the heating on or off.

Definition of the heating season

Traditionally, heat is given to the apartment in the fall, somewhere in the middle of this time of year. That's when the air temperature starts to drop. Inside the apartments, the air is cooled to the limit. The duration of the heating period is about six months, it completion depends on the establishment of a comfortable outdoor temperature s.

IMPORTANT! The appearance in the municipal sphere of the concept of the heating season became possible after the development of a centralized supply of thermal energy to apartment buildings.

What law regulates the process of heating residential premises?

The dates that determine the scope of the heating season - October 15 and April 15 - are conditional. Public utilities are approximately guided by them when preparing equipment and networks for long work in cold period. But in reality, the start and finish of heating houses is set differently every year, depending on the weather, the average temperature outside.

On May 26, 2006, a Government Decree was issued Russian Federation number 304, according to which to start heating, you need to fix the temperature no higher than 8 degrees for 5 days. To calculate the average temperature, the highest and lowest air values ​​of the day are added together.

ATTENTION! Sometimes residents of houses complain that even after 5 days of cold (below 8 degrees), the batteries in the house are cold. But heat does not enter the apartments immediately after the start-up of the boiler house; it may take more than one day to evenly heat all objects.

Principles of district heating

The pipeline through which heat is supplied to the house consists of pipes stretching from the central city boiler house. Typically, the heat carrier in the pipeline is hot water. But can be applied to heating steam, electricity.

In apartments, pipes are mounted at the entrance hot water and to her exit. Thanks to a properly designed heating system thermal energy evenly distributed through pipes, radiators. Centralized heating of apartments is used in settlements with different population sizes.

This type of heating is convenient, practical, economical. But not always its duration corresponds to weather conditions. Therefore, it is important for residents of apartments to know the norms for turning on heating, depending on outdoor temperature.

What determines the start of heat supply?

At what temperature the heating is turned on - this question interests consumers every autumn, because there is no desire to freeze in the house due to the fact that the autumn bad weather began ahead of schedule. If in a residential long time the average temperature remains low, this affects the health of residents, the condition of furnishings and the house itself.

ATTENTION! No matter what date the heating season starts, it is important that utilities are fully prepared for it. It is necessary to check the integrity of the pipeline, the reliability of the boiler room equipment, the readiness heating system inside the house for hot water supply.

• For a certain time, the standards determined the start of heating from October throughout the country. But on such large area climatic conditions in cities and villages are different, depending on climate zone. And so the order of the beginning of the season was changed, as well as its duration.
• What months are included in the heating period? It also depends on the region. In hot areas, it is necessary to heat only a few months, the cold part of the country needs heating for almost the entire year (ten months).

According to the law, heat energy suppliers must turn on systems for heating residential buildings if the air temperature outside is not higher than 8 degrees Celsius for more than 5 days.

But the rules and procedures for the heating season take into account other important factors. Even if at the beginning of autumn or late spring it's cold outside, but weather forecasters give a forecast of imminent warming, the batteries may remain cold. During the inter-heating period, the heating system is very rarely started, this is associated with high costs.

Official start of the season district heating apartments and houses - a guide to action for the utilities of the locality. Before the issuance of such a decision, experts calculate the most favorable beginning of the period, for this they record data on the average daily outdoor temperature several times a day, study information from meteorologists and weather forecasters.

ATTENTION! The heating period must necessarily begin before frost, since with an average temperature below zero, which persists for some time, non-operating equipment thermal pipeline, the boiler room is out of order. Expensive repairs will incur large costs.

For the same reason, suppliers do not carry out heat cuts until the desired temperature is established on the street.

Features of the end of the district heating season

• How long the heating period lasts and when it ends - it is important to know this information in order to demand high-quality performance of utility services from heat suppliers. The months when you have to pay for heat are the most difficult in terms of financial costs for the population.
• In what month the heating is turned off this year cannot be said in advance, it depends on weather conditions, from the duration of low temperatures, from the climatic zone in which the settlement is located. So modern law does not establish the exact date when the period of heating of residential premises by a centralized system ends.
• Like the start of heat supply, its end is related to the temperature outside. An important indicator to shut off the supply of the coolant, it is necessary to maintain a certain outside temperature for 5 days.
• Suppliers must comply strictly with this and other conditions for the end of the heating period.

If the frost low temperatures persist for a long time in the spring, the heating season is delayed, although this will lead to high utility bills.

And yet, without a comfortable temperature in the house, it is impossible to live in it, relax, and maintain good health.

Is it possible to turn off during the heating season?

Suppliers must carefully prepare for each heating season, checking the condition of highways, boiler equipment, and modernizing networks.

And yet, even with high quality training there are cases when utility companies turn off the heating in houses or apartments. This is usually associated with emergency situations on pipeline lines or in the boiler room itself.

Also, the heating of the house can be stopped for a while due to damage to the pipeline in the premises of a residential building.

ATTENTION! According to the law, shutdown during the heating period is not possible, if it took place, the time without heat supply should be minimal. Otherwise, the supplier is subject to fines and sanctions due to an irresponsible attitude to his duties.

• If the room temperature is only 8 degrees Celsius, heating it can be stopped only for 2 hours. At a temperature of 10 degrees - no more than 8 hours.
• Only for 16 hours is it permissible to turn off the heat when the room is 12 degrees.
• Even due to accidents during the heating period, the permissible number of hours without heat supply is 24.

If utilities do not comply with these important rules, mouth Pursuant to the law, consumers have the right to demand recalculation of heating payments. The payment will be reduced by 0.5% for each hour of exceeding the allowable standards.

What to do if there is no heat in the apartment?

If there is no heat in the room during the central heating period, you should first exclude the formation of air pockets in the radiators, then you need to call the management company to solve the problem. Perhaps there was an accident and now it is eliminated.

Useful video

This video investigates the reasons why in winter the heat of the batteries is not enough to warm our homes.

At a time when harsh winter frosts spring warmth comes, you can see more and more windows open for ventilation in residential buildings. The existing contrast between the temperatures in the apartments and on the street is such that a feeling of absolute stuffiness is created. This is especially true for those houses that have been built over the past 50 years. Such intense heating during this period significantly affects the amount of receipts for a communal apartment. Taking into account the fact that in last years Housing and communal services tariffs are showing constant and steady growth (especially in Russian million-plus cities), and now the amount of payments is gradually exceeding reasonable limits, I want a clear understanding of when the heating systems will be turned off (especially in the case when there is no real need for it).

According to the legislation in force in Russia, the beginning and end of the heating season has clear deadlines. However, no one is in a hurry to inform citizens about exactly when they will turn on / off the heat in their homes.

Every time the townspeople are at a loss when the batteries will become warm (at the end of autumn), and when the batteries will be turned off (in the spring). At the same time, it is impossible to independently predict when the heating will be turned on and off this year (the human factor plays an important role here).

To simplify the life of citizens, it will be enough to acquaint them with the relevant legislative acts, as well as with the statistics of past periods. This will help clarify the issue of when to wait for the end of the heating season and turning off the heating in 2019.

If the house is equipped autonomous system heating, then when to start and when to end the heating season, the residents themselves (owners of the premises) decide. The only thing that can be negative here is the likely increase in electricity consumption, which will naturally entail additional costs. In this case, subscribers decide for themselves what is more important - to warm up or save on payments.

If the house is connected to a central heating system, then it will not be possible to turn it off on its own. In this case, the heating cut-off date depends on external factors, namely the average daily ambient temperature. Thus, the beginning of the heating season occurs in autumn, at the moment when the temperature does not exceed +8°C for 5 consecutive days. The end of the heating season also depends on the average daily temperature. It should be higher than +8°С for 5 consecutive days.

To date, there is already a corresponding resolution to turn off heating in 2019. So, heating will be turned off on the following dates using the example of large cities:

• 04/26/2019 - in Moscow;
• 04/24/2019 - in the Moscow region;
• April 27, 2019 - in Yaroslavl;
• April 28, 2019 - in Tula;
• 04/29/2019 - in Tver;
• 05/03/2019 - in Novokuznetsk.

Important points for turning off and on heating

Immediately with the beginning of spring warming, many residents of the capital and other cities are beginning to be interested in the real days of turning off the heating. The following points are important here:

1. Average daily temperature - this value takes into account all temperature indicators, both day and night. To turn off the heating, it is necessary that the indicator is not lower than + 8 ° C and kept at this level for at least 5 days. If this condition is met, it can be expected that the central heating will be turned off.
2. Temperature stability - if the condition is met, and weather forecasts indicate that frosts are not expected in the region, then the city authorities may decide to turn off the heating. This decision is reported to the district authorities, and they already inform the housing and communal services and give an order to turn off the heating.

The end of the heating season and the termination of heat supply to consumers are associated with significant financial and human resource costs. The expediency of such a decision is determined by the city authorities, focusing on average daily temperatures and weather forecasts for future periods. These indicators are objective, and no others will be taken into account when turning off the heating.

There are a number objective reasons, which indicate that the untimely shutdown of centralized heating is not a rational measure. The main experts include:

• Features of the operation of heating mains and CHPPs. It is important here that in order to start centralized heating, everything required indicators must be brought to a certain level, which is set by specialists. In addition, you should create the desired difference between the pipelines different levels. And, if in summer it is either completely absent in heating mains, or the level is minimal, then in winter period pressure registered 6-7 kgf/cm² when applying 3-4 kgf/cm² to reverse. For sufficient heating of the coolant and the creation of a proper differential, significant energy resources are required. In addition, this process takes quite a long time. For example, for heating only for a small city, thousands of cubic meters of coolant pass through the heating mains. It follows from this that it is simply physically impossible to quickly turn on heating (within a few hours after weather forecasts).
• The end of the heating season of 2019, however, as well as the beginning of the next, according to the order, must be accompanied by the relevant service organizations, since these procedures are associated with an increased accident rate. For these reasons, it is advisable to plan and prepare a work plan for the maintenance personnel in advance. All employees of such organizations during this period will have to work, almost in an emergency mode. It is quite natural that it is necessary to form a vacation schedule taking this moment into account in such a way that engineers and mechanics at the time of starting / turning off the heating are in full force on the ground.

Heating shutdown statistics in recent years in Moscow

From the information above, it is clear that the date of heating shutdown is largely affected by improvements in weather conditions and their stability. However, in recent years, significant cooling has been observed more and more often in Moscow and the Moscow region, which, according to meteorological services, occur in the month of April (when the heating is turned off).

Statistics for the period 2007-2018 they say that in Moscow and the Moscow region the heat is turned off annually at the end of April - beginning of May. During this period, the ambient air temperature in this region stabilizes at +10°C.

Let's bring exact dates(by years) when heating was turned off in Moscow in previous periods:

• 2007 - May 10
• 2008 - April 28;
• 2009 - April 29;
• 2010 - May 1;
• 2011 - April 28;
• 2012 - April 22;
• 2013 - April 30;
• 2014 - April 30;
• 2015 - April 30;
• 2016 - May 4;
• 2017 - April 28;
• 2018 - 21 April.

In addition, it should be taken into account that the process of turning off heat begins with production enterprises. Further, residential buildings are disconnected from centralized heating, and only after that - social facilities. As a rule, the time interval between the shutdown of industrial facilities and residential buildings is 4-5 days.

Summing up the above, it should be noted that it is impossible to unambiguously answer the question of when the heating will be turned off in the spring of 2019, since it depends on weather conditions and temperature conditions. For orientation, you can take last year's figures. According to preliminary forecasts, one can count on a heat cut in late April - early May 2019. Immediately after the required temperature regime is established, the city authorities will make an appropriate decision, and then pass it on to the district entities and local housing and communal services.

Ordinary subscribers may be advised to follow the weather, weather forecasts, and relevant television and media reports. However, heat cuts can be expected this year after the 20th of April.

Many people think that turning on and off heating is directly from the average daily temperature. However, this is only a minor factor, since decisive factor date remains. Let's figure out when the heating season begins and ends.

Turn off and turn on heating schedule

The timing of the start and shutdown of heating, first of all, determines the date. Naturally, if warm weather lasts for several days in December, no one will turn off the heating. In this case, they can only reduce the feed power.

But even if the temperature does not drop below normal, heating will still be turned on in early November. Also influenced by the average daily temperature outside and the temperature in the apartment.

From what date to supply heating in residential apartments and when to finish the heat supply is not decided by the housing and communal services, but by the regional authorities. They make the schedule. However, the boundaries and limits are set by Russian law.

So, the heating season should begin in the period from 1 to 15 October. The average daily temperature should be less than +8 degrees and stay at this level for five days.

The heating season can end in mid-April - early May, provided that the average daily temperature is above +8 degrees and lasts five days in a row. However, if frosts are expected in the near future, they will not turn off the heat.

For comfortable life it is important to maintain a comfortable temperature in the apartment. Minimum temperature norm established at the legislative level. But it is important to keep general recommendations which depend directly on the residents.

The temperature in the apartment

• The standard temperature in residential premises is at least +18 degrees, in corner rooms it should not fall below +20 degrees;
• It is desirable that the temperature in the bedrooms is not higher than 17-18 degrees. This mode will ensure a healthy and comfortable sleep;
• For kitchen facilities the temperature is 18-19 degrees, as it is located here a large number of electrical and heating appliances. With more high temperature during cooking it will be very hot and stuffy here. In addition, more dirt, soot and grease will remain on the walls, furniture and ceiling. How to wash grease in the kitchen, see;
• In the bathroom, you need to maintain a temperature of 24-26 degrees, since this room is characterized by high humidity. At a lower temperature, there will be sensations of dampness and cold, mold and fungus may appear;
• Special attention temperature regime pay if the apartment lives Small child. For newborns comfortable temperature it is considered 22-24 degrees, for older kids it is 20-22 degrees;
• In rooms, except for the bathroom, do not exceed warming up over 22 degrees, otherwise the rooms will be stuffy and uncomfortable.

How to heat an apartment in the off-season

If the heating season has not yet arrived, and the apartment is cold, you can use additional ways heating. This is especially important if small children live in the house. In this case, fan heaters will help, which are able to heat even large areas for a short time.

To heat the room, floor or wall heating convectors or oil heaters are also used. They don't provide negative impact on the content and quality of the air, but dry it. In addition, such radiators consume a large amount of electricity.

Air conditioners are a suitable solution, as they are safe, rational, practical and economical. In addition, they combine the functions of cooling and heating the room, depending on the needs.

We examined at what time and at what temperature the heating is turned off and on. We learned how to heat the room in the off-season. But what to do if the time for heating has already come, but there is still no heat in the batteries?

If there is no heating in the apartment

The temperature in residential premises should not be below normal. If there are cold batteries in the apartment during the heating season, you need to write a complaint to the organization that serves this house. This is ZhEK, HOA or Management Company.

Find an agreement with this institution, where, as a rule, the conditions for filing a complaint or claim are prescribed. In addition, applications are written to these organizations, there is no gas or electricity.

Applications are submitted in writing, where they describe in detail the problem with a request to report on the results of the consideration of the application, take measures, and also recalculate utility bills.

Be sure to make and keep a copy of the claim! The application must be accepted and registered with the ZhEK, HOA or managing organization.

After submitting an application, an expert comes to the apartment to take temperature measurements and check the condition of the plumbing in the premises. As a result of the check, he draws up an appropriate act. If the temperature is below normal, and the service company is to blame, the violations must be eliminated in 7-10 days.

If the problem is low-quality batteries that are installed in the apartment, the owner himself must replace or repair the radiators. For example, heating appliances are outdated or broken. To carry out work, it is necessary to obtain permission from the management company, housing office or HOA!

When the heating is turned off due to emergency additional checks and temperature measurements in the apartment do not need to be done. In this case, the service organization must restore heating in no more than 16 hours at a temperature in residential premises above 12 degrees Celsius and in four hours at a temperature below + 10 degrees.

If the deadlines are exceeded, you can demand a recalculation of the payment for heating. As a result, payment is reduced by 0.15% of the cost of the tariff for each degree of temperature deviation from the norm and by the same amount for each hour of exceeding the deadlines. To recalculate, you need to write an appropriate application and submit it to the service organization.

If the problem is not solved

If the HOA, the housing office or the management company have not taken any action, or the problem has not been resolved within two weeks after the act is drawn up, you need to file a complaint with the State Housing Inspectorate, Rospotrebnadzor or immediately with the Prosecutor's Office. Or you can send an application to three instances at once. To speed up the result, it is better to make a collective complaint of tenants.

In the application, carefully describe the problem, attach a copy of the appeal to the service organization, a copy of the act and a copy of the response of the service. In addition, you can take additional temperature measurements and check the living conditions in the apartment with the help of an independent expert.