The maximum temperature of the coolant in the heating system is normal. Heating temperature chart

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What should be the temperature of the coolant in the heating system in order to live comfortably in the house? This point is of interest to many consumers. When choosing temperature regime several factors are taken into account:

• the need to achieve the desired degree of space heating;
• ensuring reliable, stable, economical and long-term operation of heating equipment;
• efficient transfer of thermal energy through pipelines.

The temperature of the coolant in the heating network

The heating system must function in such a way that it is comfortable to be in the room, which is why the standards are established. According to regulatory documents, temperature in residential buildings should not fall below 18 degrees, and for children's institutions and hospitals - this is 21 degrees of heat.

But it should be borne in mind that, depending on the air temperature outside the building, the building through the enclosing structures may lose different size heat. Therefore, the temperature of the coolant in the heating system, based on external factors, varies from 30 to 90 degrees. When water is heated above, decomposition begins in the heating structure coatings which is prohibited by health regulations.

To determine what the temperature of the coolant in the batteries should be, specially designed temperature charts are used for specific groups of buildings. They reflect the dependence of the degree of heating of the coolant on the state of the outside air. You can also use automatic adjustment according to indications located indoors.

Optimum temperature for the boiler room

To ensure efficient heat transfer in heating boilers, there should be more heat because than more heat can transfer a certain amount of water, the better the degree of heating. Therefore, at the outlet of the heat generator, they try to bring the temperature of the liquid closer to the maximum allowable values.

In addition, the minimum heating of water or other coolant in the boiler cannot be lowered below the dew point (usually this parameter is 60-70 degrees, but it largely depends on technical features unit model and type of fuel). Otherwise, when the heat generator burns, condensate appears, which, in combination with aggressive substances contained in the composition flue gases, leads to increased wear of the device.

Coordination of water temperature in the boiler and system

There are two options for coordinating high-temperature coolants in the boiler and lower temperatures in the heating system:

1. In the first case, the efficiency of the boiler should be neglected and, at the exit from it, the coolant should be given out to such a degree of heating that the system currently requires. This is how small boilers operate. But in the end, it turns out not always to supply the coolant in accordance with the optimal temperature regime according to the schedule (read: ""). AT recent times Increasingly, in small boiler houses, a water heating controller is mounted at the outlet, taking into account the readings, which fixes the coolant temperature sensor.
2. In the second case, the heating of water for transportation through networks at the outlet of the boiler room is maximized. Further, in the immediate vicinity of consumers,automatic control of the coolant temperature to the required values. This method is considered more progressive, it is used in many large heating networks, and since regulators and sensors have become cheaper, it is increasingly used in small heat supply facilities.

The principle of operation of heating regulators

The temperature controller of the coolant circulating in the heating system is a device that provides automatic control and adjustment temperature parameters water.

Composed this device shown in the photo, from the following elements:

• computing and switching node;
• operating mechanism on the hot coolant supply pipe;
• an actuating unit designed to mix in the coolant coming from the return. In some cases, set three-way valve;
• booster pump in the supply section;
• not always a booster pump in the "cold bypass" section;
• sensor on the coolant supply line;
• valves and stop valves;
• return sensor;
• outdoor air temperature sensor;
• several room temperature sensors.

Now it is necessary to understand how the temperature of the coolant is regulated and how the regulator functions.

At the exit from heating system(return), the temperature of the coolant depends on the volume of water that has passed through it, since the load is relatively constant. Covering the liquid supply, the regulator thereby increases the difference between the supply line and the return line to the required value (sensors are installed on these pipelines).

When, on the contrary, it is necessary to increase the flow of the coolant, then a booster pump is inserted into the heat supply system, which is also controlled by the regulator. In order to lower the temperature of the water inlet flow, a cold bypass is used, which means that part of the heat carrier that has already circulated through the system is again sent to the inlet.

As a result, the regulator, redistributing the heat carrier flows depending on the data recorded by the sensor, ensures compliance with the temperature schedule of the heating system.

Often, such a controller is combined with a hot water controller using one computing node. A device that regulates hot water supply is easier to manage and in terms of actuators. With the help of a sensor on the hot water supply line, the passage of water through the boiler is adjusted and, as a result, it steadily has a standard 50 degrees (read: "").

Advantages of using the regulator in heat supply

The use of the regulator in the heating system has the following positive aspects:

• it allows you to clearly maintain the temperature graph, which is based on the calculation of the temperature of the coolant (read: "");
• increased heating of water in the system is not allowed and thus economical consumption of fuel and thermal energy is ensured;
• heat production and its transportation take place in boiler houses at the most effective parameters, and the characteristics of the coolant and hot water necessary for heating are created by the regulator in the closest to the consumer thermal node or paragraph (read: " ");
• for all subscribers of the heating network, the same conditions are provided, regardless of the distance to the source of heat supply.

Watch also a video about the circulation of the coolant in the heating system:

Looking through the statistics of visits to our blog, I noticed that search phrases such as, for example, appear very often “What should be the temperature of the coolant at minus 5 outside?”. Decided to post the old one. schedule quality regulation heat release by average daily temperature outside air. I want to warn those who, on the basis of these figures, will try to sort out relations with the housing department or heating networks: the heating schedules for each individual settlement are different (I wrote about this in an article). Thermal networks in Ufa (Bashkiria) operate according to this schedule.

I also want to draw attention to the fact that regulation occurs according to average daily outside temperature, so if, for example, outside at night minus 15 degrees, and during the day minus 5, then the coolant temperature will be maintained in accordance with the schedule minus 10 o C.

As a rule, the following temperature charts are used: 150/70 , 130/70 , 115/70 , 105/70 , 95/70 . The schedule is selected depending on the specific local conditions. House heating systems operate according to schedules 105/70 and 95/70. According to schedules 150, 130 and 115/70, main heat networks operate.

Let's look at an example of how to use the chart. Suppose the temperature outside is minus 10 degrees. Heating network work according to the temperature schedule 130/70 , which means at -10 o С the temperature of the heat carrier in the supply pipeline of the heating network must be 85,6 degrees, in the supply pipeline of the heating system - 70.8 o C with a schedule of 105/70 or 65.3 about C on a 95/70 schedule. The temperature of the water after the heating system must be 51,7 about S.

As a rule, the temperature values ​​in the supply pipeline of heat networks are rounded off when setting the heat source. For example, according to the schedule, it should be 85.6 ° C, and 87 degrees are set at the CHP or boiler house.

Temperature outdoor air Tnv, o C	Temperature of network water in the supply pipeline T1, about C			Water temperature in the supply pipe of the heating system T3, about C		Water temperature after heating system T2, about C
	150	130	115	105	95
8	53,2	50,2	46,4	43,4	41,2	35,8
7	55,7	52,3	48,2	45,0	42,7	36,8
6	58,1	54,4	50,0	46,6	44,1	37,7
5	60,5	56,5	51,8	48,2	45,5	38,7
4	62,9	58,5	53,5	49,8	46,9	39,6
3	65,3	60,5	55,3	51,4	48,3	40,6
2	67,7	62,6	57,0	52,9	49,7	41,5
1	70,0	64,5	58,8	54,5	51,0	42,4
0	72,4	66,5	60,5	56,0	52,4	43,3
-1	74,7	68,5	62,2	57,5	53,7	44,2
-2	77,0	70,4	63,8	59,0	55,0	45,0
-3	79,3	72,4	65,5	60,5	56,3	45,9
-4	81,6	74,3	67,2	62,0	57,6	46,7
-5	83,9	76,2	68,8	63,5	58,9	47,6
-6	86,2	78,1	70,4	65,0	60,2	48,4
-7	88,5	80,0	72,1	66,4	61,5	49,2
-8	90,8	81,9	73,7	67,9	62,8	50,1
-9	93,0	83,8	75,3	69,3	64,0	50,9
-10	95,3	85,6	76,9	70,8	65,3	51,7
-11	97,6	87,5	78,5	72,2	66,6	52,5
-12	99,8	89,3	80,1	73,6	67,8	53,3
-13	102,0	91,2	81,7	75,0	69,0	54,0
-14	104,3	93,0	83,3	76,4	70,3	54,8
-15	106,5	94,8	84,8	77,9	71,5	55,6
-16	108,7	96,6	86,4	79,3	72,7	56,3
-17	110,9	98,4	87,9	80,7	73,9	57,1
-18	113,1	100,2	89,5	82,0	75,1	57,9
-19	115,3	102,0	91,0	83,4	76,3	58,6
-20	117,5	103,8	92,6	84,8	77,5	59,4
-21	119,7	105,6	94,1	86,2	78,7	60,1
-22	121,9	107,4	95,6	87,6	79,9	60,8
-23	124,1	109,2	97,1	88,9	81,1	61,6
-24	126,3	110,9	98,6	90,3	82,3	62,3
-25	128,5	112,7	100,2	91,6	83,5	63,0
-26	130,6	114,4	101,7	93,0	84,6	63,7
-27	132,8	116,2	103,2	94,3	85,8	64,4
-28	135,0	117,9	104,7	95,7	87,0	65,1
-29	137,1	119,7	106,1	97,0	88,1	65,8
-30	139,3	121,4	107,6	98,4	89,3	66,5
-31	141,4	123,1	109,1	99,7	90,4	67,2
-32	143,6	124,9	110,6	101,0	94,6	67,9
-33	145,7	126,6	112,1	102,4	92,7	68,6
-34	147,9	128,3	113,5	103,7	93,9	69,3
-35	150,0	130,0	115,0	105,0	95,0	70,0

Please do not focus on the diagram at the beginning of the post - it does not correspond to the data from the table.

Calculation of the temperature graph

The method for calculating the temperature graph is described in the reference book (Chapter 4, p. 4.4, p. 153,).

This is quite laborious and long process, since for each outdoor temperature several values ​​\u200b\u200bmust be considered: T 1, T 3, T 2, etc.

To our joy, we have a computer and a MS Excel spreadsheet. A colleague at work shared with me a ready-made table for calculating the temperature graph. She was once made by his wife, who worked as an engineer for a group of regimes in thermal networks.

In order for Excel to calculate and build a graph, it is enough to enter several initial values:

• design temperature in the supply pipeline of the heating network T 1
• design temperature in the return pipeline of the heating network T 2
• design temperature in the supply pipe of the heating system T 3
• Outside temperature T n.v.
• Indoor temperature T v.p.
• coefficient " n» (it is usually not changed and is equal to 0.25)
• Minimum and maximum cut of the temperature graph Cut min, Cut max.

All. nothing more is required of you. The results of the calculations will be in the first table of the sheet. It is highlighted in bold.

The charts will also be rebuilt for the new values.

The table also considers the temperature of direct network water, taking into account wind speed.

Each heating system has certain characteristics. These include power, heat transfer and temperature operation. They determine the efficiency of work, directly affecting the comfort of living in the house. How to choose the right temperature graph and heating mode, its calculation?

Drawing up a temperature chart

temperature graph the operation of the heating system is calculated according to several parameters. Not only the degree of heating of the premises, but also the flow rate of the coolant depends on the selected mode. This also affects the ongoing costs of heating maintenance.

The drawn up schedule of the temperature regime of heating depends on several parameters. The main one is the level of water heating in the mains. It, in turn, consists of the following characteristics:

• Temperature in the supply and return pipelines. Measurements are made in the corresponding boiler nozzles;
• Characteristics of the degree of heating of air indoors and outdoors.

The correct calculation of the heating temperature graph begins with the calculation of the difference between the temperature of the hot water in the direct and supply pipes. This value has the following notation:

∆T=Tin-Tob

Where Tin- water temperature in the supply line, Tob- the degree of heating of water in the return pipe.

To increase the heat transfer of the heating system, it is necessary to increase the first value. To reduce the coolant flow rate, ∆t must be kept to a minimum. This is precisely the main difficulty, since the temperature schedule of the heating boiler directly depends on external factors - heat losses in the building, outdoor air.

To optimize the heating power, it is necessary to make thermal insulation of the outer walls of the house. This will decrease heat loss and energy consumption.

Temperature calculation

To determine the optimal temperature regime, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the heating components - radiators and batteries. In particular, specific power (W / cm²). This will directly affect the heat transfer of heated water to air into the room.

It is also necessary to make a series preliminary calculations. This takes into account the characteristics of the house and heating appliances:

• Heat transfer resistance coefficient of external walls and window structures. It must be at least 3.35 m² * C / W. Depends on the climatic features of the region;
• Surface power of radiators.

The temperature curve of the heating system is directly dependent on these parameters. To calculate the heat loss of a house, it is necessary to know the thickness of the outer walls and the building material. The calculation of the surface power of batteries is carried out according to the following formula:

Rud=P/Fact

Where R – maximum power, W, fact– radiator area, cm².

According to the data obtained, a temperature regime for heating and a heat transfer schedule are compiled depending on the temperature outside.

To timely change the heating parameters, a temperature heating controller is installed. This device connects to outdoor and indoor thermometers. Depending on the current indicators, the operation of the boiler or the volume of coolant inflow to the radiators is adjusted.

The weekly programmer is the optimal temperature controller for heating. With its help, you can automate the operation of the entire system as much as possible.

Central heating

For district heating the temperature regime of the heating system depends on the characteristics of the system. Currently, there are several types of parameters of the coolant supplied to consumers:

• 150°C/70°C. To normalize the water temperature with the help of an elevator unit, it is mixed with a cooled stream. In this case, it is possible to draw up an individual temperature schedule for a heating boiler house for a particular house;
• 90°C/70°C. It is typical for small private heating systems designed for heating several apartment buildings. In this case, you can not install the mixing unit.

It is the responsibility of utilities to calculate the temperature heating schedule and control its parameters. At the same time, the degree of air heating in residential premises should be at the level of + 22 ° С. For non-residential, this figure is slightly lower - + 16 ° С.

For a centralized system, drawing up the correct temperature schedule for the heating boiler room is required to ensure optimal comfortable temperature in apartments. The main problem is the lack feedback- it is impossible to adjust the parameters of the heat carrier depending on the degree of air heating in each apartment. That is why the temperature schedule of the heating system is drawn up.

A copy of the heating schedule can be requested from the Management Company. With it, you can control the quality of the services provided.

Heating system

Do the same calculations for autonomous systems heating of a private house is often not necessary. If the scheme provides for indoor and outdoor temperature sensors, information about them will be sent to the boiler control unit.

Therefore, in order to reduce energy consumption, a low-temperature heating mode is most often chosen. It is characterized by relatively low water heating (up to +70°C) and a high degree of water circulation. This is necessary to evenly distribute heat to all heaters.

To implement such a temperature regime of the heating system, the following conditions must be met:

• Minimum heat loss in the house. However, one should not forget about normal air exchange - ventilation is a must;
• High heat output of radiators;
• Installation automatic regulators heating temperatures.

If there is a need to perform a correct calculation of the system, it is recommended to use special software systems. There are too many factors to consider for self-calculation. But with their help, you can draw up approximate temperature graphs for heating modes.

However, it should be borne in mind that an accurate calculation of the heat supply temperature schedule is done for each system individually. The tables show the recommended values ​​for the degree of heating of the coolant in the supply and return pipes, depending on the temperature outside. When performing calculations, the characteristics of the building, the climatic features of the region were not taken into account. But even so, they can be used as a basis for creating a temperature graph for a heating system.

The maximum load of the system should not affect the quality of the boiler. Therefore, it is recommended to purchase it with a power reserve of 15-20%.

Even the most accurate temperature chart of the heating boiler room will experience deviations in the calculated and actual data during operation. This is due to the peculiarities of the operation of the system. What factors can influence the current temperature regime of heat supply?

• Pollution of pipelines and radiators. To avoid this, periodic cleaning of the heating system should be carried out;
• Incorrect operation of the regulating and stop valves. Be sure to check the performance of all components;
• Violation of the boiler operation mode - sudden temperature jumps as a result - pressure.

Maintaining the optimal temperature regime of the system is possible only when right choice its components. For this, their operational and technical properties should be taken into account.

Battery heating can be adjusted using a thermostat, the principle of operation of which can be found in the video:

The temperature of the coolant in the heating system is maintained in such a way that in apartments it remains within 20-22 degrees, as the most comfortable for a person. Since its fluctuations depend on the temperature of the air outside, experts develop schedules with which it is possible to maintain heat in the room in winter.

What determines the temperature in residential premises

The lower the temperature, the more the coolant loses heat. The calculation takes into account the indicators of the 5 coldest days of the year. The calculation takes into account the 8 coldest winters over the past 50 years. One of the reasons for the use of such a schedule for many years: the constant readiness of the heating system for extremely low temperatures.

Another reason lies in the field of finance, such a preliminary calculation allows you to save on the installation of heating systems. If we consider this aspect on the scale of a city or district, then the savings will be impressive.

We list all the factors that affect the temperature inside the apartment:

1. Outdoor temperature, direct correlation.
2. Wind speed. Heat loss, for example, through front door, increase with increasing wind speed.
3. The condition of the house, its tightness. This factor is significantly influenced by the use in construction thermal insulation materials, insulation of the roof, cellars, windows.
4. The number of people inside the premises, the intensity of their movement.

All of these factors vary greatly depending on where you live. And the average temperature for last years in winter, and the wind speed depends on where your house is located. For example, in middle lane Russia always has a consistently frosty winter. Therefore, people are often concerned not so much with the temperature of the coolant as with the quality of construction.

Heat carrier temperature

Increasing the cost of building residential real estate, construction companies take action and insulate the house. But still, the temperature of the radiators is no less important. It depends on the temperature of the coolant, which fluctuates in different time, under different climatic conditions.

All requirements for the temperature of the coolant are set out in building codes and rules. During design and commissioning engineering systems these rules must be respected. For calculations, the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the boiler is taken as a basis.

The indoor temperatures are different. For example:

• in the apartment average- 20-22 degrees;
• in the bathroom it should be 25 o;
• in the living room - 18 about

In public non-residential premises temperature standards are also different: at school - 21 o, in libraries and gyms - 18 o, in the pool 30 o, in industrial premises The temperature is set at about 16°C.

The more people gather inside the premises, the lower the temperature is initially set. In individual residential buildings, the owners themselves decide what temperature they should set.

In order to set the desired temperature, it is important to consider the following factors:

1. Availability of one-pipe or two-pipe system. For the first, the norm is 105 o C, for 2 pipes - 95 o C.
2. In supply and discharge systems should not exceed: 70-105 ° C for single pipe system and 70-95 about C.
3. The flow of water in a certain direction: when wiring from above, the difference will be 20 ° C, from below - 30 ° C.
4. Types of heating device used. They are divided according to the method of heat transfer (radiation devices, convective and convective-radiation devices), according to the material used in their manufacture (metal, non-metallic devices, combined), and also according to the value of thermal inertia (small and large).

When combined various properties system, type of heater, direction of water supply, etc., you can achieve optimal results.

Heating regulators

The device by which the temperature graph is monitored and the necessary parameters are adjusted is called the heating regulator. The regulator controls the temperature of the coolant automatically.

The advantages of using these devices:

• maintaining a given temperature schedule;
• with the help of control over water overheating, additional savings in heat consumption are created;
• setting the most efficient parameters;
• all subscribers are created the same conditions.

Sometimes the heating controller is mounted so that it is connected to the same computing node with the hot water supply controller.

On video about temperature standards in the apartment

Such modern ways make the system work more efficiently. Even at the stage of the occurrence of the problem, an adjustment should be made. Of course, it is cheaper and easier to monitor the heating of a private house, but the automation currently used can prevent many problems.

When autumn confidently walks across the country, snow flies beyond the Arctic Circle, and in the Urals night temperatures stay below 8 degrees, then the word form “heating season” sounds appropriate. People recall past winters and try to figure out the normal temperature of the coolant in the heating system.

Prudent owners of individual buildings carefully revise the valves and nozzles of the boilers. Residents apartment building by October 1 they are waiting like Santa Claus, a plumber from management company. The ruler of valves and valves brings warmth, and with it - joy, fun and confidence in the future.

The Gigacalorie Path

Megacities sparkle with high-rise buildings. A cloud of renovation hangs over the capital. Outback prays on five-story buildings. Until demolished, the house has a calorie supply system.

Heating of an economy-class apartment building is carried out through centralized system heat supply. The pipes are included in basement buildings. The supply of heat carrier is regulated by inlet valves, after which water enters the mud collectors, and from there it is distributed through risers, and from them it is supplied to batteries and radiators that heat housing.

The number of gate valves correlates with the number of risers. While doing repair work in a single apartment, it is possible to turn off one vertical, and not the whole house.

The spent liquid partially leaves through the return pipe, and partially is supplied to the hot water supply network.

degrees here and there

Water for the heating configuration is prepared at a CHP plant or in a boiler house. The water temperature standards in the heating system are prescribed in building regulations ax: the component must be heated to 130-150 °C.

The supply is calculated taking into account the parameters of the outside air. So, for the South Ural region, minus 32 degrees is taken into account.

To prevent the liquid from boiling, it must be supplied to the network under a pressure of 6-10 kgf. But this is a theory. In fact, most networks operate at 95-110 ° C, since the network pipes of most settlements are worn out and high pressure tear them up like a heating pad.

An extensible concept is the norm. The temperature in the apartment is never equal to the primary indicator of the heat carrier. Here it performs an energy-saving function elevator unit- jumper between the direct and return pipe. The norms for the temperature of the coolant in the heating system on the return in winter allow the preservation of heat at a level of 60 ° C.

The liquid from the straight pipe enters the elevator nozzle, mixes with return water and again goes into the house network for heating. The carrier temperature is lowered by mixing the return flow. What affects the calculation of the amount of heat consumed by residential and utility rooms.

hot gone

According to sanitary rules, the temperature of hot water at the points of analysis should lie in the range of 60-75 ° C.

In the network, the coolant is supplied from the pipe:

• in winter - from the reverse, so as not to scald users with boiling water;
• in summer - with a straight line, since in summer the carrier is heated no higher than 75 ° C.

A temperature chart is drawn up. Average daily temperature return water should not exceed the schedule by more than 5% at night and 3% during the day.

Parameters of distributing elements

One of the details of warming a home is a riser through which the coolant enters the battery or radiator from the temperature norms of the coolant in the heating system require heating in the riser in winter time in the range of 70-90 °C. In fact, the degrees depend on the output parameters of the CHP or boiler house. In the summer when hot water needed only for washing and showering, the range moves to the range of 40-60 ° C.

Observant people may notice that in a neighboring apartment, the heating elements are hotter or colder than in his own.

The reason for the temperature difference in the heating riser is the way the hot water is distributed.

In a single-pipe design, the heat carrier can be distributed:

• above; then the temperature is upper floors higher than on the bottom;
• from below, then the picture changes to the opposite - it is hotter from below.

AT two-pipe system the degree is the same throughout, theoretically 90 ° C in the forward direction and 70 ° C in the opposite direction.

Warm like a battery

Suppose that the structures of the central network are reliably insulated along the entire route, the wind does not walk through the attics, stairwells and basements, the doors and windows in the apartments are insulated by conscientious owners.

We assume that the coolant in the riser complies with the building regulations. It remains to find out what is the norm for the temperature of the heating batteries in the apartment. The indicator takes into account:

• outdoor air parameters and time of day;
• the location of the apartment in terms of the house;
• residential or utility room in the apartment.

Therefore, attention: it is important, not what is the degree of the heater, but what is the degree of air in the room.

Happy in corner rooms the thermometer should show at least 20 ° C, and 18 ° C is allowed in centrally located rooms.

At night, air in the dwelling is allowed to be 17 ° C and 15 ° C, respectively.

Theory of linguistics

The name "battery" is household, denoting a number of identical items. In relation to the heating of housing, this is a series of heating sections.

The temperature standards of heating batteries allow heating no higher than 90 ° C. According to the rules, parts heated above 75 ° C are protected. This does not mean that they need to be sheathed with plywood or bricked. Usually they put a lattice fence that does not interfere with air circulation.

Cast iron, aluminum and bimetallic devices are common.

Consumer choice: cast iron or aluminum

Aesthetics cast iron radiators- a parable in the language. They require periodic painting, as regulations require that the work surface be smooth and allow dust and dirt to be easily removed.

A dirty coating forms on the rough inner surface of the sections, which reduces the heat transfer of the device. But the technical parameters cast iron products on high:

• little susceptible to water corrosion, can be used for more than 45 years;
• they have a high thermal power per 1 section, therefore they are compact;
• they are inert in heat transfer, therefore they smooth out temperature fluctuations in the room well.

Another type of radiators is made of aluminum. Lightweight construction, painted in the factory, does not require painting, easy to clean.

But there is a drawback that overshadows the advantages - corrosion in aquatic environment. Certainly, inner surface heaters are insulated with plastic to avoid contact of aluminum with water. But the film may be damaged, then it will begin chemical reaction with the release of hydrogen, when creating overpressure gas aluminum appliance may burst.

The temperature standards of heating radiators are subject to the same rules as batteries: it is not so much heating that matters metal object how much air heating in the room.

In order for the air to warm up well, there must be sufficient heat removal from working surface heating structure. Therefore, it is strongly not recommended to increase the aesthetics of the room with shields in front of the heating device.

Stairwell heating

Since we are talking about apartment building, then it should be mentioned stairwells. The norms for the temperature of the coolant in the heating system state: the degree measure on the sites should not fall below 12 ° C.

Of course, the discipline of the tenants requires that the doors be closed tightly. entrance group, do not leave the transoms of stair windows open, keep the glass intact and promptly report any problems to the management company. If the Criminal Code does not take timely measures to insulate the points of probable heat loss and maintain the temperature regime in the house, an application for recalculation of the cost of services will help.

Changes in heating design

Replacement of existing heating devices in the apartment is carried out with the obligatory coordination with the management company. Unauthorized change in the elements of warming radiation can disrupt the thermal and hydraulic balance of the structure.

The heating season will begin, a change in the temperature regime in other apartments and sites will be recorded. Technical inspection premises will reveal unauthorized changes in the types of heating devices, their number and size. The chain is inevitable: conflict - trial - fine.

So the situation is resolved like this:

• if not old ones are replaced with new radiators of the same size, then this is done without additional approvals; the only thing to apply to the Criminal Code is to turn off the riser for the duration of the repair;
• if new products differ significantly from those installed during construction, then it is useful to interact with the management company.

Heat meters

Let us recall once again that the heat supply network of an apartment building is equipped with heat energy metering units, which record both the consumed gigacalories and the cubic capacity of water passed through the house line.

In order not to be surprised by bills containing unrealistic amounts for heat at degrees in the apartment below the norm, before heating season check with the management company whether the metering device is in working order, whether the verification schedule has been violated.