How to finish the ceiling in the house: what materials can be used, how much repair work will cost. Ceiling decoration: choosing interesting design options Finishing non-standard ceilings in the house

Many apartment owners come to the decision to make repairs with their own hands. This, of course, requires a lot of effort, but the savings are more than noticeable. Most of funds are spent on building materials and tools. If the work is done on your own, then no one needs to pay for it.

However, you should take into account the fact that not all of your dreams about a new apartment interior can be realized without using the services of professionals. Some materials sold in hardware stores require specific skills, work experience and a certain amount of skill. If you are not sure about own forces and you are doing repairs for the first time, it is better to use the “proven methods” that will be easy even for a beginner in such a difficult area as repair.

In this article, we will look at do-it-yourself ceiling finishes. Some are suitable for absolutely everyone, only people who already have experience in finishing work should pay attention to others.

Do-it-yourself ceiling made of plastic panels

The main advantage of this method is that you will not need to prepare the ceiling for decoration. It does not require long-term leveling, puttying, plastering and primer. You can even leave the wallpaper on the ceiling if it doesn't peel off.

In order to fix the plastic, you need to make a frame to which the panels will be attached. The cost of plastic is low, the speed of installing panels depends on your skills. The first 2-3 panels may take longer, but the next ones will be fastened very quickly. An excellent option in terms of the ratio of time spent and the price of materials.

Another plus plastic panels- moisture resistance. That is why the ceilings in the bathrooms, utility rooms and toilets are usually trimmed with plastic. A wide selection of colors and textures is also an advantage of this method.

The only (doubtful) disadvantage of this method is that plastic is considered not eco-friendly material. But on this account different people different opinion.

Bottom line: you can make a ceiling from plastic panels with your own hands not only quickly, but also inexpensively.

Do-it-yourself plastic ceiling - video

Do-it-yourself ceiling decoration with wallpaper

Wallpaper has long been used not only for wall decoration. Depending on which wallpaper you choose, repairs can turn out to be quite cheap or quite expensive.

The obvious disadvantage of this method is the need preparatory work. You will need to remove the previous ceiling covering (if any), then level the ceiling, putty it, prime it, and only then proceed with wallpapering.

When calculating funds, do not forget to include plaster, putty and primer in the estimate. Also, the preparatory stage will take time, because each layer must dry.

Perfectly flat ceilings are rare, and making them so without experience is not easy. If you paste even the most beautiful wallpaper on the uneven ceiling, then they will not look very good, since the joints, gaps and bends of the ceiling will become noticeable.

Among the advantages of this method are relatively quick and easy installation, a huge range and quick replacement if necessary (if the wallpaper fades, they can be changed to others without re- preparatory phase).

Bottom line: it is best to use wallpaper for finishing the ceiling with your own hands, if there are no defects on the surface. Fast way suitable for any budget.

How to glue wallpaper on the ceiling - video

Do-it-yourself plasterboard ceiling

If the ceiling in your apartment is far from ideal, then plasterboard finishing is perfect solution. First you will need to mount the frame to which the drywall will be attached. This construction material- one of the most popular on the market, since even beginners can easily work with it, and more experienced apartment owners can create real works of art from drywall. Tiered plasterboard ceilings will help visually highlight a certain area of ​​the room or simply decorate your ceiling.

We do not recommend that you use multi-layer structures in small rooms and in rooms with low ceilings. To visually enlarge the room, use the "concave" ceilings. And give large room comfort will help ovals and radii.

Another plus of this material is that it can be used in damp rooms (exclusively moisture resistant drywall): bathrooms, toilets, pantries.

The only obvious drawback is the need additional work after installation. You will need to carefully putty the entire surface to hide the joints.

Bottom line: an inexpensive, but time-consuming way to finish the ceiling with your own hands.

There is also such a finishing option as stretch ceilings. However, the installation process stretch ceiling quite laborious and requires certain skills. Therefore, you are unlikely to be able to independently install a stretch ceiling with your own hands. It is better to contact a specialized company that carries out both tailoring and installation of stretch ceilings. For residents of the south of Russia, we recommend buying stretch ceilings in Rostov from the RostovPotolok company, since it has established itself as a team of professionals in its field and has been on the market since 2006.

How to make a plasterboard ceiling - video

Do-it-yourself ceiling painting

This option has been used in the decoration of apartments for many years and does not lose its relevance. The main advantage of this method is its durability and reliability. You do not need to be afraid of the "flood" arranged by the neighbors from above, the ceiling, finished with paint, can easily cope with such a misfortune.

However, painting the ceiling requires the most serious preparatory stage. If you want your ceiling to look great, then it must be not only perfectly flat, but also perfectly smooth.

To do this, you will have to remove the existing coating, cover the ceiling with putty and carefully bring it to perfect smoothness with sandpaper(or special mesh). This is a difficult job that requires not only time, but also accuracy. If you “remove the excess” in some place, then you will have to putty the ceiling again. achieve perfect ceiling For a non-professional, it will be very difficult.

The advantages of painting the ceiling with your own hands is that you are not limited in the choice of colors and textures. There are paints with different effects: matte, glossy, with mother-of-pearl, fluorescent (glow in the dark). You can even find paint that creates the effect of stretch ceilings.

Bottom line: a great way to finish the ceiling with your own hands, if you have a finished Smooth surface. Otherwise, the repair will require a lot of time, effort and money.

How to paint the ceiling with your own hands - video

Many apartment owners come to the decision to make repairs with their own hands. This, of course, requires a lot of effort, but the savings are more than noticeable. Most of the funds are spent on building materials and tools. If the work is done on your own, then no one needs to pay for it.

However, you should take into account the fact that not all of your dreams about a new apartment interior can be realized without using the services of professionals. Some materials sold in hardware stores require specific skills, work experience and a certain amount of skill. If you are not confident in your own abilities and are doing repairs for the first time, then it is better to use the “proven methods” that will be easy even for a beginner in such a difficult area as repair.

In this article, we will look at do-it-yourself ceiling finishes. Some are suitable for absolutely everyone, only people who already have experience in finishing work should pay attention to others.

Do-it-yourself ceiling made of plastic panels

The main advantage of this method is that you will not need to prepare the ceiling for decoration. It does not require long-term leveling, puttying, plastering and primer. You can even leave the wallpaper on the ceiling if it doesn't peel off.

In order to fix the plastic, you need to make a frame to which the panels will be attached. The cost of plastic is low, the speed of installing panels depends on your skills. The first 2-3 panels may take longer, but the next ones will be fastened very quickly. An excellent option in terms of the ratio of time spent and the price of materials.

Another plus of plastic panels is moisture resistance. That is why the ceilings in bathrooms, utility rooms and toilets are usually finished with plastic. A wide selection of colors and textures is also an advantage of this method.

The only (doubtful) disadvantage of this method is that plastic is not considered an environmentally friendly material. But different people have different opinions on this.

Bottom line: you can make a ceiling from plastic panels with your own hands not only quickly, but also inexpensively.

Do-it-yourself plastic ceiling - video

Do-it-yourself ceiling decoration with wallpaper

Wallpaper has long been used not only for wall decoration. Depending on which wallpaper you choose, repairs can turn out to be quite cheap or quite expensive.

A clear disadvantage of this method is the need for preparatory work. You will need to remove the previous ceiling covering (if any), then level the ceiling, putty it, prime it, and only then proceed with wallpapering.

When calculating funds, do not forget to include plaster, putty and primer in the estimate. Also, the preparatory stage will take time, because each layer must dry.

Perfectly flat ceilings are rare, and making them so without experience is not easy. If you stick even the most beautiful wallpapers on an uneven ceiling, they will not look very good, because the joints, gaps and bends of the ceiling will become noticeable.

Among the advantages of this method are relatively quick and easy installation, a huge range and quick replacement if necessary (if the wallpaper fades, they can be changed to others without re-preparatory stage).

Bottom line: it is best to use wallpaper for finishing the ceiling with your own hands, if there are no defects on the surface. A fast way to fit any budget.

How to glue wallpaper on the ceiling - video

Do-it-yourself plasterboard ceiling

If the ceiling in your apartment is far from ideal, then drywall finishing is a great solution. First you will need to mount the frame to which the drywall will be attached. This building material is one of the most popular on the market, since even beginners can easily work with it, and more experienced apartment owners can create real works of art from drywall. Tiered plasterboard ceilings will help visually highlight a certain area of ​​the room or simply decorate your ceiling.

We do not recommend that you use multi-layer structures in small rooms and in rooms with low ceilings. To visually enlarge the room, use the "concave" ceilings. And ovals and radii will help to give a large room coziness.

Another plus of this material is that it can be used in damp rooms (exceptionally moisture-resistant drywall): bathrooms, toilets, pantries.

The only obvious drawback is the need for additional work after installation. You will need to carefully putty the entire surface to hide the joints.

Bottom line: an inexpensive, but time-consuming way to finish the ceiling with your own hands.

There is also such a finishing option as stretch ceilings. However, the process of installing a stretch ceiling is quite laborious and requires certain skills. Therefore, you are unlikely to be able to independently install a stretch ceiling with your own hands. It is better to contact a specialized company that carries out both tailoring and installation of stretch ceilings. For residents of the south of Russia, we recommend buying stretch ceilings in Rostov from the RostovPotolok company, since it has established itself as a team of professionals in its field and has been on the market since 2006.

How to make a plasterboard ceiling - video

Do-it-yourself ceiling painting

This option has been used in the decoration of apartments for many years and does not lose its relevance. The main advantage of this method is its durability and reliability. You do not need to be afraid of the "flood" arranged by the neighbors from above, the ceiling, finished with paint, can easily cope with such a misfortune.

However, painting the ceiling requires the most serious preparatory stage. If you want your ceiling to look great, then it must be not only perfectly flat, but also perfectly smooth.

To do this, you will have to remove the existing coating, cover the ceiling with putty and carefully bring it to perfect smoothness with sandpaper (or a special grid). This is a difficult job that requires not only time, but also accuracy. If you “remove the excess” in some place, then you will have to putty the ceiling again. Achieving the perfect ceiling for a non-professional will be very difficult.

The advantages of painting the ceiling with your own hands is that you are not limited in the choice of colors and textures. There are paints with different effects: matte, glossy, with mother-of-pearl, fluorescent (glow in the dark). You can even find paint that creates the effect of stretch ceilings.

Bottom line: a great way to finish the ceiling with your own hands, if you have a ready-made flat surface. Otherwise, the repair will require a lot of time, effort and money.

How to paint the ceiling with your own hands - video

There are many beautiful ceilings, there are very expensive ones, but there are also simpler ones. The beauty and durability of ceilings depends to a large extent on careful surface preparation.

What problems can be solved with the help of the ceiling

AT modern interior ceiling systems, and sometimes they are really whole engineering structures, solve two problems at the same time: decorative and functional.

Often, the ceiling is a multi-level or curvilinear structure; recessed lights are often inserted into them, greatly expanding the possibilities of lighting.

The ceiling turns into complex system, which hides the set engineering communications and, at the same time, provides easy access to them.

Individual requirements for the ceiling are made by a room with a special microclimate.

In separate rooms such as: bathroom, winter gardens, swimming pools, garages - ceiling decoration should easily withstand changes in humidity and temperature, condensation and direct water ingress.

In the premises of home cinemas, with the help of the ceiling, the tasks of creating a favorable acoustic environment are solved.

But basically decisive role when choosing the type of ceiling, the cost of finishing materials and the work on their installation play.

Preparation of the base of the ceiling

Most modern houses, the plane of the ceiling is the underside reinforced concrete floor, the plane of which is never even and strictly horizontal.

Usually the floors are assembled from separate slabs, between which there are seams, they are masked in the first place, potholes, chips and cracks are often found on their surface.

Rarely there is an exceptional case of a flat and smooth ceiling. If it is not planned to conduct engineering communications on it, then the surface can be smeared with a primer and puttied.

The surface is now ready for wallpapering, decorative plastic plates or coloring.

Unfortunately, most often you have to deal with crooked, once plastered, whitewashed or painted, then cracked ceilings.

It is necessary to remove the old layers to the floor slab only if the surface is supposed to be painted, which means that it is necessary to first apply new layers of plaster and putty on it.

The choice of material for the base and painting of ceilings

The beauty and durability of the painted ceiling directly depends on the quality of surface preparation.

Note that even the quality of the paint, to a lesser extent, affects the result of the work, surface preparation comes to the fore.

Therefore, experts advise to be very careful in choosing all the necessary materials.

When choosing a primer, plaster, putty, paint - it is necessary to take into account their advantages and disadvantages, as well as their compatibility.

Modern Decoration Materials offer a wide range of water-based paints.

When purchasing paints, pay attention to their thixotropy (the ability to liquefy under mechanical stress and thicken at rest).

Such compositions do not drip from a roller or brush, they lie on the surface evenly and without smudges, and this important nuance when painting the ceiling.

What kind of wallpaper is pasted over the ceilings

Inexpensive and beautiful ceiling can be obtained using wallpaper.

The wallpaper is glued on a leveled, clean and dry base. For this purpose, paper or vinyl wallpapers light colors.

Often use white wallpaper with different surface textures.

You can use wallpaper for painting.

The best option is non-woven vinyl wallpaper or glass wallpaper, they are stronger, more durable, able to contain the appearance of small cracks in the plaster layer.

After gluing wallpaper for painting, they are painted with water-based paints.

After few years ordinary wallpaper you will have to re-paste, repaint the wallpaper for painting.

You can paste over the ceiling with non-woven wallpaper, the main difference lies in the method of applying the glue, they cover only the ceiling, not the wallpaper.

Method for wallpapering the ceiling

Before pasting the walls, the wallpaper is pasted on the ceiling.

Two people must participate in the work.

Stepping back from the corner of the junction of the wall and ceiling to the width of the roll, you need to draw a line on the ceiling.

Apply to the wallpaper adhesive composition, leave it to soak for a few minutes and get to work.

At the junction of the walls and in the corners, an allowance of 2-3 cm is made for the curvature of the walls.

One person fixes the canvas on the wall, the second supports and unwinds it as it is pasted.

On the drawn line, check the correctness of the direction.

After gluing the entire canvas, check for the absence of wrinkles and tightness.

With a wallpaper spatula, smooth the surface, move from the middle of the canvas to the edges.

The following canvases are glued sequentially, usually at the joint with each other, the last canvas is glued with a slight overhang on the wall.

How to plaster the ceiling

The traditional way to level the ceiling is to plaster it.

This method is relevant for typical panel houses with a room height of 2.5-2.6 meters.

The use of plaster allows you to save every centimeter of height.

Using plaster, you can easily level out deviations in the range of 5-30 mm.

If the thickness of the plaster is more than 30 mm, there is a high probability of cracking and peeling it.

In the case of a large thickness of the plaster, it is reinforced with fiberglass mesh, it is laid between two layers.

Can apply metal mesh, it is attached to the base before the start of plastering.

Such a metal "skeleton" is used in case of insufficient adhesion of the mixture to smooth surfaces.

Gypsum or cement plaster

cement plaster, correct application creates a strong, durable finish.

The cement layer gains full strength within 28 days, drying in a natural way.

Any attempt to speed up drying will result in cracking. Before proceeding to the next stage of finishing, after leveling the surface cement mixture, you need a break of 1-2 weeks.

Plaster mixtures based on gypsum, in comparison with cement ones, dry out faster, harden not in a day, but in a matter of hours.

The use of a mixture based on gypsum significantly reduces the repair time, the high adhesion of the plastic mass simplifies the technology of work, this is especially important when processing ceilings.

But gypsum plasters can not be used in rooms with a relative humidity of more than 65-70%.

Adhesive ceiling

Glue is most often called the ceiling, to which expanded polystyrene tiles with different surface relief are glued. These tiles have standard size 500x500 mm., they are produced by stamping and extrusion.

The extrusion method results in maximum density and homogeneity of the material, according to its water resistance.

It is easy to distinguish such tiles by appearance: their front side is smooth, in the section the product resembles porous chocolate.

Tiles are attached to any base with special glue for polystyrene.

This is one of the inexpensive ways to finish the ceiling.

wall and ceiling lamps must be installed no closer than 20-30cm. to the surface of such a ceiling, since at temperatures above 80 degrees, the tiles begin to deform.

Ceiling fresco

The image obtained as a result of painting with water-based paints on a wet layer of plaster is called a fresco.

Since it is hand-painted, the production process takes a long time.

These are very expensive ceilings.

Cheaper and more common are non-woven frescoes.

To do this, a layer of plaster is securely fixed on the basis of non-woven fabric, then, by printing, an image is applied.

The main task is to choose a plot. Installation is carried out by professionals.

When planning repairs, each owner asks himself: how to finish the ceiling? Previously, this task was solved simply: the surface could be whitewashed, painted or wallpapered. But today, these options are considered only if they want to save as much as possible on repairs. The widest range modern facing materials makes you think, because the tastes and preferences of people have changed dramatically.

Finishing options for residential ceilings

With all the variety of choices of facing materials, there are not so many ways to finish the ceiling - in particular, these are:

• painting;
• whitewash;
• wallpapering;
• pasting with polyurethane (foam) tiles;
• finishing with liquid wallpaper;
• facing with decorative plaster;
• device false ceiling;
• stretch ceiling installation.

Whitewashing the ceiling is one of the quick and inexpensive ways

The first four options are optimal if repairs need to be done quickly and at the lowest financial cost. All these methods (whitewashing, painting, wallpapering or foam tiles) are easy to implement. But here, too, there are difficulties.

1. You need to know how to properly prepare the surface of the ceiling for the application or installation of facing material.
2. You also need to know the rules for working with this material.
3. It is necessary to decide which type of finish is optimal for rooms with normal and high humidity, in heated and unheated rooms.

Yes, for country houses the best choice- painting, whitewashing, wallpapering. Moisture-resistant paints, panels and tiles will be required for the kitchen and bathroom. The maximum possible color of coziness and presentability will be provided by more expensive methods of finishing: the installation of suspended or stretch ceilings, the application of decorative plaster. All of them are not only the most spectacular options for interior design, but also the most time-consuming.

When deciding how to finish the ceiling, you need to take into account the condition of its surface. If it is uneven and has many flaws, it is better to cover it with hanging or tension structures than prepare it for painting or wallpapering. In some cases, this will allow not only to give the room modern style but also save.

Having decided on the finish option, you can proceed to the choice of facing material. In this case, it is necessary to take into account all the features of the room being repaired: purpose, humidity level, degree natural light(solar). Further, they act in accordance with the step-by-step instructions for installing the selected finishing material.

How to paint the ceiling

Painting the ceiling will certainly emphasize all its irregularities. Therefore, the requirements for surface quality are the highest. It should be understood that the cost estimate will need to include the cost of not only paint, but also primer.

In addition, you will need to buy:

• brushes;
• roller;
• paint tray;
• putty;
• spatulas (metal and rubber).

Painting or whitewashing the ceiling will cost less than hanging or tension structures. However, you need to prepare for the fact that the finishing process will not be easy. All work performed at height and on the upper floors is labor-intensive.

It will facilitate the task of using an airbrush (included in the package of vacuum cleaners of older models). But in this case, you will need shelter for walls and furniture - polyethylene film, cloth or paper. Another important point when using paint: protect eyes and respiratory tract. For this reason, it must be ensured high-quality ventilation premises.

You can also use a spray gun to paint the ceiling. In the photo - airbrush HAMMER PRZ150A

Paint selection

The main task in this type of repair is right choice paints. For ceilings often use water-based or water-dispersion. It is not difficult to understand the peculiarity of these compositions: the coatings of the first group (water-based) are washed off with water, while the second group is not.

An important characteristic of any paint is the degree of moisture resistance. This parameter is usually indicated on the label of the container. You definitely need to pay attention to it, otherwise there is a risk of buying some kind of paint for dry rooms to finish the ceiling in the bathroom. This error will lead to peeling and cracking of the coating, which will require redoing the work performed.

• water-based or water-dispersion;
• based acrylic resins;
• silicate;
• silicone.

Surface preparation technology for painting

Step 1. Delete the old finishing coating: paint, wallpaper or tile. To complete the task, you will need a spatula with a metal sheet. Close attention given to plaster. You need to check how tight it holds, and remove any loose particles.

Step 2 Seams and cracks are sealed with putty or cement-sand mortar.

Step 3 With the help of a broom, brush or rags, the remains of small particles of plaster, paint or wallpaper are swept away.

Step 4 Apply the first coat of primer. It is needed to ensure the strongest possible adhesion of the paint to the surface. top floor. In addition, the primer composition allows you to even out minor flaws, which provides a more spectacular look after staining.

Step 5 Before applying paint around the perimeter of the ceiling, masking tape is glued along the walls. It will protect the walls from accidental smears and smudges.

Work performance rules

The process of applying paint is simple and straightforward. But there are rules that will help you do the job efficiently and avoid such troubles as unsightly stains and gaps in the plaster.

First of all, you need to learn that the approach to painting surfaces with a roller and a brush is different. When applying paint with a brush, try to keep it at an angle of 35 ° -40 ° and make strokes evenly, in one direction. In order to assess the quality of the work performed, they move away at a distance of 1.5-2 meters and, tilting their heads at 30 ° -40 °, look at the painted surface. If gaps are visible, apply an additional layer of paint.

When using a roller, the layers are applied next to each other so that each next overlaps the previous one by 5-7 cm. When applying the second layer, the direction of the strokes should be perpendicular to the first. This will avoid gaps in the plaster. Coloring hard-to-reach places done with a brush.

The basic rules for working with a brush and roller are given below.

1. To apply the first layer, use more than liquid composition(water-emulsion and water-dispersion diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10).
2. In order to avoid gaps and streaks, the first coat of paint is applied in W-shaped strokes.
3. A common mistake when painting a ceiling is a strongly wrung out brush or roller. Need to understand that best result can be achieved by applying the first stroke with a rather thick layer, which is subsequently smeared across the ceiling with the same pressure of the working tool.

Video - How to paint the ceiling with your own hands

Ceiling decoration with decorative plaster

Applying decorative plaster is an effective way to decorate a room. It allows you to transform the room quickly and at the lowest material cost. But you will have to work hard: plastering is not an easy process.

A variety of textures of decorative plaster allows you to find exactly the type of ceiling finish that will emphasize the style of the room. When choosing a composition, it is necessary to take into account the type of surface to be treated. If the ceiling is wooden or plasterboard, hygroscopic mixtures cannot be used. In this case, compositions based on polymers or acrylic are optimal.

When choosing decorative plaster, it is important to consider its environmental friendliness. This parameter is especially important if the finishing is done in a room intended for children. In this case, it is recommended to choose mixtures based on cement, lime, minerals, marble chips.

Types of decorative plaster

The composition of decorative plaster includes filler, additives, binder. Additives are needed to give the product certain properties: antiseptic, water-repellent, bactericidal. Depending on the type of binder, there are the following types plasters.

1. Mineral. Made on the basis of cement and lime mixtures, traditionally used for outdoor work. A well-known member of this group is decorative plaster"Bark beetle".
2. Polymer. Mixtures of this type are made on the basis of acrylic resins. Such coatings are highly moisture resistant, able to withstand sudden changes in temperature. The composition includes additives that provide plasticity.
3. silicate. In these mixtures, the binder is liquid glass. Plasters of this type do not differ in plasticity, but are ideal for decorating complex surfaces with cavities and elevation changes. Often used for finishing concrete ceilings.
4. Silicone. Made on the basis of silicone, the composition includes a small filler: crumbs of marble or sandstone. These mixtures are durable, have a dust-repellent property.

Acrylic-based decorative plaster is an excellent choice for finishing ceilings in rooms with high level humidity: in the bathroom, pool or kitchen. Due to the excellent plasticity of such plasters, very beautiful textures are created under the skin, stone, velvet. When choosing the type of composition, you can focus on the table.

Table number 1. Characteristics of plaster mixtures.

Finishing options with decorative plaster

Depending on the properties of the compositions and the size of the filler included in them, patterns of varying complexity can be created on the treated surfaces. Manufacturers have made it easier for the consumer to choose and classify plaster mixes according to the type of their application and the final result.

Technology for applying decorative plaster

To obtain a structural and textured coating, use different instruments. But the difference between these types of surfaces is conditional. The only difference is that the structural mixture provides relief due to the filler included in its composition, and the textured one - due to the pattern on the roller.

For finishing the ceiling in residential premises, Venetian plasters are most often used. There are several techniques for applying compositions of this type. The simplest and most popular is given below.

Step 1. Perform a thorough preparation of the surface, leveling the slightest height differences on the ceiling and sealing the seams and cracks with putty.

Step 2 Apply 1-2 coats of primer.

Step 3 Along the walls, in their upper part near the ceiling, tapes of masking tape are attached.

Step 4 If the mixture is not tinted, pigment is added. The consumption of the mixture is from 600 g to 1.5 kg per 1 m2. The more complex the drawing, the greater the material consumption.

Step 5 The plaster is applied with a metal spatula in layers on a previously dried surface.

The essence of the application Venetian plaster is to create a multilayer structure. The pattern of each layer is determined by multidirectional strokes with a spatula. A beautiful textured surface is obtained by applying 2-4 layers of decorative plaster.

Do-it-yourself installation of a stretch ceiling

The most spectacular and durable decoration of the premises is the installation of a stretch ceiling. Manufacturers offer two types of canvases: fabric and PVC (based on polyvinyl chloride). Each of these materials has its own merits. You can choose matte or glossy materials. Seamless PVC films are easier to stretch, so they are more often used for interior decoration.

To fix the canvas, choose one of the following methods:

• harpoon;
• glazing bead;
• clip-on.

The first requires a special fixative - a harpoon. This is the name of a durable PVC strip, one side of which is equipped with protrusions. Thanks to them, the canvas is firmly held in the profile. The films are attached to the harpoon by cold welding.

With the glazing bead method, the edges of the film are pressed against the walls wooden slats- beadings. This method is simple in execution, but gives a less spectacular result than the harpoon one. The clip-on fastening method is used when mounting fabric sheets equipped with special clips around the perimeter. These devices are attached to the profile installed along the walls.

To install a stretch ceiling, you will need the following tools:

• plastic or aluminum profiles;
• fasteners for fixing the profile (self-tapping screws, dowels);
• spatula with a narrow metal blade;
• building hair dryer (if the ceiling is film);
• drill;
• stepladder (two stepladders will be required for greater convenience of work);
• roulette;
• level.

The most convenient harpoon installation method stretch fabrics, so it will be discussed in today's article.

Note! You need to know the width and length of the room, because the canvas itself should be wider than the distance between the walls by about 10 - 15 cm.

Table number 2. Stages of work.

In completing this task, it is mandatory:

• find the middle of the free part of the canvas and start the harpoon in profile;
• then go to the opposite wall and repeat the action;
• after which they find the middle of the next sagging part of the canvas and lead it into the harpoon;
• go to the opposite wall and do the same work.

During the stretching of the film, the room is continuously heated. You can do this with a heat gun. If it is not possible to use this equipment, the film is heated with a building hair dryer. With this method of mounting a stretch ceiling, it is important not to overheat the canvas and not melt it.

False ceiling device

Despite the emergence of new ceiling design technologies, plasterboard finishing is still relevant. From this material, you can build both unpretentious single-tiered and spectacular multi-tiered structures.

Tools and materials for work

To install a plasterboard ceiling frame, you will need the following materials:

• metal profile PN 28/27 and PP 60/27;
• self-tapping screws SMM 3.5 / 51;
• suspensions;
• crabs.

The main element of the frame is racks made of metal profile PP 60/27. Manufacturers offer products different lengths: 2.8 m, 3 m, 4 m. Can be bought individually or in packs (12 or 18 pieces each). Guides are located along the walls adjacent to the ceiling. In addition to these materials, one-level suspensions and profile connectors, which experts call "crabs", will be needed.

From the tools you will need:

• cordless screwdriver;
• drill or puncher (for drilling holes in the walls and on the ceiling);
• scissors for metal (for cutting metal profiles);
• marker, tape measure, lace, square, plumb line (for marking);
• construction bubble level at least 80 cm long.

Plasterboard ceiling frame configurations

Beginners in this business can have no doubt: they can build not only a simple single-level ceiling, but also complex multi-tiered structures. There is only one requirement: to understand the principle of constructing a frame from a metal profile.

Suspended plasterboard ceilings are good because they allow you to radically change the space of the room with the help of spectacular intricate forms. Spot lighting of curly protrusions and depressions will create a charming atmosphere of comfort and respectability in the room.

In order to mount the curly frame, you will need to bend the metal profile PP 60/27 so that it repeats the contour of the figure conceived by the designer. This task is not difficult, but it will require accuracy, attentiveness and slowness.

In order to give the metal profile the desired shape, it is necessary to trim its side plates in increments of 4-5 cm. After that, the bar is gradually bent in the right direction.

A multi-tiered (multi-level) frame for a false ceiling is erected in accordance with a previously drawn up scheme. All dimensions and distances must be indicated on it. When drawing up a diagram, it is necessary to focus on the following rules.

1. The optimal distance between the mounting points of the guides is 40-45 cm.
2. The optimal distance between hangers for single-level ceiling- 40 cm, for a two-level one - in accordance with the drawing, but not more than 40 cm.
3. If you plan to do spot lighting, when determining the location of the first line of the frame, the dimensions of the fixtures are taken into account (for small ones, a 5-8 cm indent from the ceiling is enough, for large ones, you will need to retreat 12-15 cm).
4. The optimal distance between the uprights PP 60/27 is 60 cm.

Wall and ceiling markings

The first step in installing a plasterboard ceiling is marking. The correctness depends on how accurate it is. further work. Therefore, this task must be carried out thoughtfully and slowly.

You will need the following tools:

• plumb;
• bubble level 1.2-1.5 m long;
• water level;
• laser level;
• level.

The easiest way to mark up is using a level or laser level.

Wall marking for profile mounting PN 28/27

Step 1. Work begins from one of the corners of the room (previously it was the lowest corner of the room, but today this is no longer relevant).

Step 2 In this corner, at a distance of 3-5 cm from the walls, a thread with a plumb line is pressed to the ceiling. Mark the direction of the vertical on the adjacent walls.

Step 3 According to vertical line from the flow, the distance is measured downwards at which the first tier of the frame will be located.

Step 4 At this point, a self-tapping screw is screwed in, to which a long thread is tied.

Step 5 Along the wall, they go to its second corner and do the same work there.

Step 6 Pull the thread between the two corners so that it is horizontal. This will help the square, which is set at a right angle to the intersection of the vertical markings and the stretched thread.

Step 7 Draw a line on the wall with a marker or pencil.

Step 8 Similarly, markup is applied to all other walls. The result should be a perimeter along which guides PN 28/27 will be installed.

Installation of a single-level ceiling frame

The height and direction of the supporting racks of the frame are adjusted with the help of suspensions. Their installation is the first thing to do before proceeding with the installation of the carrier profile. Suspensions are mounted on the ceiling in accordance with the scheme of the frame. The first profile racks are installed in the direction of the long wall premises. The distance between the carriers is 55-60 cm.

The order of further work.

Step 1. The first carrier profile is installed: its end is inserted into the guide, it is covered with “legs” of the suspensions located in its path, fixed with self-tapping screws. Make sure that the direction is strictly horizontal. This will help the threads stretched during marking and the level.

Step 2 Install load-bearing profiles over the entire ceiling area.

Step 3 They complete the work by laying drywall sheets: sheathing. Sheets are attached to the profile with self-tapping screws. When performing this work, it is important to install the sheathing sheets so that the gaps between them are minimal. Solid sheets must be fixed perpendicular to the long guide profiles. Docking of sheets should be carried out in the middle of the profile. For high-quality fastening work is best done together.

The sheets are fastened with self-tapping screws, and the latter are recessed into the sheathing material by 2-3 mm. The step between the screws should be 25-30 cm (3-4 cm from each corner of the sheets). Chips should not form on the edges of the sheets when screwing in the screws. If damage does occur, the self-tapping screw must be removed, and a new one screwed in 3-4 cm.

Step 4 When the ceiling is sheathed, overwrite the gaps with putty. After it dries, all irregularities are smoothed out with a special grater in which a grinding mesh is installed. After that, the ceiling is ready for painting, tiling or wallpapering.

No cracks! Neither GKL sheets nor load-bearing profiles are fixed to the guide profile 28/27 (on the wall), i.e. the walls and ceiling should not be tightly connected. For a suspended ceiling, GKL with a thickness of 12.5 mm is used. When cutting sheets, a chamfer of 22.5 degrees is made on the edge. Sheets are fixed in a run!

Video - Step-by-step instructions for installing a plasterboard ceiling

The ceiling is one of the most visible and important details interior. It is from its finish that the final result of the repair will depend, so this issue must be approached as responsibly as possible.

Ceiling finishes

At the moment, the design of the ceiling includes the following finishing methods:

• Whitewash.
• Coloring.
• Wallpapering
• pasting ceiling tiles from foam.
• Hemming designs.
• Suspension systems.
• Stretch structures.

In connection with such a variety of choices, during the repair there are many questions about its design. How to decorate the ceiling so that it is not only beautiful, but also extremely functional? In order to facilitate this task, we will consider in more detail each type of finish, its pros and cons.

Ceiling whitewash

Whitewashing is the most economical type of ceiling repair in an apartment, consisting in applying a lime or chalk mortar to a leveled, puttied surface.

You can whitewash only a flat ceiling surface, so first you need to wash and putty it, and also remove the previous layer of whitewash, if any.

Advantages of whitewash:

• low cost of materials;
• the compositions used for it are natural, do not burn, lime has an antifungal, antibacterial effect, and fights the appearance of mold on the walls;
• suitable for low ceilings;
• with sufficient skill, you can whiten yourself.

Cons of whitewashing:

• difficult to clean and wash the surface;
• instability to moisture;
• currently not the most fashionable type of repair.

Painting the ceiling surface with water-based paint

This method is similar to whitewashing, except that instead of natural solutions, water-based paint and this type of repair is more durable.

Wallpapering the ceiling

This method includes pasting the surface with both conventional and liquid wallpaper.

As in the case of whitewashing, before wallpapering, the surface should be leveled, defects removed, irregularities plastered, and only after that you can start gluing.

The advantages of this finish include the following:

• cheap materials (paper wallpaper);
• simplicity of technology;
• lack of toxicity of paper wallpaper.

Disadvantages of wallpapered ceiling design:

• unproven safety of vinyl wallpaper;
• liquid wallpaper is characterized by high prices;
• Quite often, wallpapers give the rooms a boring, slightly rustic look, this is especially evident in the photo of the ceilings in an apartment with such a renovation.

Pasting the ceiling with foam tiles

Foam tiles come in different textures: smooth, molded, laminated, as well as various shapes.

This method was especially popular in the last couple of decades, but now, although it is used quite rarely, it still takes place.

Preparing the surface for pasting is no different from preparing for another finish: it must be: smooth and clean. In the process itself, the most difficult thing is to calculate the number of tiles per ceiling area.

In order for the gaps between the tiles to be even, it is necessary to initially lay them at a distance of several millimeters from each other.

This finishing option has its advantages:

• The material from which the tiles are made is moisture resistant;
• Thermal insulation and sound insulation of the tiled surface is quite high;
• Ceiling tiles are inexpensive;
• Tiles can be glued without resorting to the help of an installer;
• Tiled ceiling is easy to clean.

Cons of pasting streams with foam tiles:

• Cheap tiles turn yellow quickly;
• Styrofoam has a tendency to deformation;
• Styrofoam burns easily;
• The design of streams of this kind is currently not relevant.

False ceilings

Most of the time it's a draft. Hem construction immediately attached to the floor beams. This method serves to level the ceiling before the main repair method.

Among other things, it is good remedy for sound and thermal insulation. For thermal insulation, foam is most often used.

Many people refer to plastic, wooden, and also suspended structures from drywall, but this is a wrong opinion.

Dropped ceilings

Suspended structures include several varieties.

Plasterboard ceilings

Plasterboard ceilings are complex structure from metal frame and drywall sheets. This type of finish allows you to realize the most interesting design: multi-level structures with different system lighting, as well as to make the most even ceiling with built-in lights.

This design option is especially good in an apartment with high ceilings.

The advantages of this design:

• durability and resistance to moisture;
• the ability to bring any design to life;
• the creation of zones in apartments, which is especially important for a studio apartment.

Cons of a drywall structure:

• installation time;
• the inability to do repairs alone, by yourself.

Tiled ceilings

Armstrong tiled ceilings, like plasterboard ceilings, consist of a metal frame, only pressed tiles are used instead of drywall, and metallic profile they are not hidden under the structure, and it is an element of decor.

The advantages of the Armstrong system are as follows:

• Low cost;
• Fast installation;
• The ability to hide all the cables under it.

• Low resistance to moisture and fragility;
• This design is more suitable in the office than in the apartment.

Slatted ceilings

Slatted ceilings made of lining (PVC) are very popular. Due to their resistance to frequent water ingress, such structures are especially liked to be installed in bathrooms.

Stretch ceiling

Currently, the most popular is such a finishing method as installing a stretch ceiling in an apartment - stretching the film on a pre- installed frame. They may be different types, but the most popular are glossy, matte and satin.

Glossy have an interesting effect: visual magnification rooms, which is especially important when the ceiling is not very high.

Matte is the most common option that allows you to create a perfectly smooth matte surface.

Satin has a slight matte effect, but reflects glare.

The advantages of this arrangement are as follows:

• Durability;
• Practicality;
• An interesting design opportunity.

Whatever way you choose to finish the ceiling, the most important advantage of the design will always be only its relevance and practicality in your interior.

Photo of ceilings in the apartment