How to repair cracks in concrete. Overview of concrete repair mortars Cement mix for concrete repair

Concrete is a complex composite material with a capillary-porous structure, operating under high mechanical, climatic and chemical loads. Due to these characteristics, artificial stone is prone to corrosion, deformation, shrinkage and destruction. Modern repair technologies make it possible to restore almost any degree of destruction, ensuring the quality and durability of concrete structures.

Concrete and reinforced concrete structures and structures against the background of severe operating conditions can acquire a number of damages.

The main ones are the following:

• general loosening of the structure. Such damage is characterized by the appearance of the smallest defects, which significantly reduces the strength of the artificial stone and affects further degradation;
• destruction of surface layers. This includes the delamination of the protective layer, the formation of voids and cavities on the surface;
• destruction formation, loose areas, cracks in deeper layers ;
• corrosion of fittings, mortgages.

General loosening of the concrete structure is a formidable harbinger of dangerous deep destruction

Fighting methods

The choice of concrete repair technology depends on the type of damage detected after the analysis of the structure. When choosing a technical solution, they are guided by modern technologies and materials that ensure the extension of the service life of concrete from 15 to 40 years.

When choosing a material, they rely on the following indicators:

• the degree of responsibility of the structure, bearing capacity, loading;
• depth of defects;
• operating conditions (dynamic loads, aggressive media, temperature, humidity);
• location and accessibility of the structure;
• scope of work;
• aesthetic requirements.

In addition, a number of requirements apply to all repair systems, in particular, good fluidity, thixotropy, non-shrinkage, low w/c ratio, good adhesion.

Repair of significant defects

If significant damage has formed on the surface, the base is poured with new concrete. Initially, the damaged area is cleaned to benign concrete, then the repair is carried out.

Most often, solutions based on high-strength cements with complex additives, or special fast-hardening cements, polymer solutions, fiber-reinforced concrete are attracted.. In this case, it is important to ensure high adhesion between the main structure and the repaired area. For this, special methods are used that strengthen the bond between the old and new concrete.

Ordinary heavy concrete is used for complete or partial repair of structures, pouring solid reinforced concrete jackets, applying repair layers with a thickness of more than 10 cm.

The area to be re-concreted must be buried and of sufficient thickness.. The best results are obtained with steel mesh reinforcement. The material is shot to the base with dowels or firmly fixed in other ways.

Old concrete is cleaned, washed. It is required to expose the grains of the aggregate, to obtain a rough surface. In a number of situations, an additional layer is used that works on adhesion (polymer acrylic, epoxy compositions, cement adhesives).

Dry mixes (Emaco, BIRSS, Osnovit, Knauf)

Dry mixes are prepared on the basis of cement, which works for high compatibility with concrete. Such materials provide all the prerequisites for high-quality repairs, which is fully confirmed by repeated experience of use.

The thickness of the repair layer for one application varies from 5 to 50 mm, which is typical for vertical / horizontal bases, on ceiling surfaces the thickness is taken as 30 mm. The maximum effect is achieved with the use of primers, primers.

Types of dry mixes for the repair of artificial stone:

• for structural repair of concrete and reinforced concrete structures at t above +5 degrees;
• the same, but at negative temperatures;
• for protection and waterproofing;
• for non-structural repairs (not affecting the geometry and load-bearing capacity).

Scope of application of dry mixes: accelerated repair, sealing of defects, including concrete, reinforced concrete structures, roadbed with concrete coating, sealing of industrial floors, joints

Advantages:

• high adhesion between old and new concrete;
• high compressive strength;
• no shrinkage (which is achieved by complex additives);
• elimination of shells, chips, cracks, 50-100 mm deep;
• concrete repair is carried out in the shortest possible time.

Disadvantages:

• low shelf life;
• high price;
• application only at positive temperatures.

Specifications

Thixotropic compounds (MAPEI, BASF, Sika)

This is a kind of dry mixes based on high-strength cement, additives, fractionated sand. Materials containing polymer fiber have shown particular effectiveness.

The main difference from typical mixtures is that the composition with thixotropic properties is successfully used on ceiling, vertical, horizontal planes without formwork. When hardened, it is high-strength concrete. Application thickness 10-35 mm.

Scope of application: repair of monolithic, prefabricated concrete, viaducts, bridges, canals, tunnels, objects of special and general construction purposes, repair of joints, protective layers.

Advantages:

• abrasion resistance;
• high adhesion to concrete;
• frost resistance, water resistance.

Disadvantages:

• high price;
• application at positive temperatures.

Specifications

Thixotropic compounds suitable for structural and non-structural repairs

Compositions based on epoxy resins and other polymers (Elakor, Technoplast, KrasKO)

Such materials are used in various types of concrete repair, in injection work to protect concrete from various kinds of influences (polyurethane, acrylate, epoxy). Rigid, semi-rigid, elastic solutions are taken into work.

Polymer materials require preparation and priming. Application is carried out with a smooth spatula or polyamide rollers, or with special injection equipment.

Repair acrylate compositions are used to seal cracks, chips, increase strength, waterproofness of the base. To enhance the positive properties, you can fill it with quartz sand.

Two-component epoxy compounds are used in cases where it is necessary to restore the bearing capacity of concrete, create an adhesive layer, and repair cracks. Two-, three-component polyurethane are effective in localizing leaks, blocking the flow of water.

Scope of application: repair of concrete floors for industrial and civil purposes, warehouses, garages, workshops, hangars, etc.

Advantages:

• high rates of chemical and mechanical resistance;
• high wear resistance;
• fire safety;
• good adhesion to the base;
• waterproofing, waterproofing.

Disadvantages:

• low viability.

Specifications

Secondary waterproofing of concrete, repair (SCHOMBURG, Protexil)

To protect structures from operating conditions, apply:

• hydrophobic impregnations (silane, siloxane, polysiloxane) - in fact, this is a surface treatment until a base with a water-repellent effect is obtained;
• impregnations on a mineral and polymer, polymer-cement basis - provide hardening and a decrease in surface porosity.

Equipment and accessories for repair work

For high-quality implementation of work, you should have the appropriate tools, equipment, equipment and devices.

Concrete pre-cleaning will require sandblasters, high-pressure cleaners and the high-pressure stations that create them

This group includes the following:

• mobile power plants of the required capacity;
• compressors;
• perforators and jackhammers;
• construction vacuum cleaners;
• grinders, grinders;
• chisels, scrapels, shovels, trowels;
• metal brushes;
• buckets, containers;
• devices for finding reinforcement, thermometers, devices for determining the viscosity of the solution, the strength of concrete;
• films to protect the solution from drying out, overheating.

Concrete repair technology

Regardless of the type of material chosen, the workflow follows a single technological sequence.

The bottom line is this:

• preliminary preparation of the base;
• cleaning of reinforcement, cleaning of reinforced concrete structures, laying of additional reinforcement (if required);
• dedusting;
• if necessary, formwork is placed, surfaces are moistened;
• preparation of working solutions;
• application and maintenance.

Preparation of concrete surfaces for repair

Before the start of any manipulations, the place of work is protected, lighting is organized, mechanisms, tools and equipment are prepared. All equipment is checked for readiness for idling. The method of preparation depends on the degree of concrete damage, the volume and type of defects, and the type of repair composition. Prior to preparation, if required, eliminate leaks in the repaired area.

Preparation can be done in the following ways:

• mechanical- use perforators, jackhammers, picks, pneumatic chippers, shot blasting, sandblasting machines, grinding equipment and cutters.
• thermal- use oxygen or propane burners. Surface heating should not exceed 90 degrees. This method is good for a small depth of damage (up to 5 mm), if the concrete is contaminated with rubber, oils, residues of other organic compounds. Heat treatment is always followed by hydraulic or mechanical;
• chemical- use special formulations. The method is implemented only where it is impossible to apply the mechanical method. After etching, the surface is always rinsed with water;
• hydraulic- use high-pressure apparatuses (12-18 MPa and 60-120 MPa). The method is used in almost all cases, with the exception of those where an increase in air humidity is undesirable.

If there are areas with defective concrete on the base, it is cut down with perforators, chippers, concrete breakers. They produce a layer with insufficient thickness (up to 20 mm), a width of 10-15 cm, acting along the reinforcing bars, a peeling protective layer, loose concrete with shells, structural damage.

After cutting, the surface should be rough and embossed without dust, stone chips and other contaminants.. Fittings damaged by corrosion and not amenable to cleaning are replaced. The rods protruding to the surface should be cut out. In some cases, an integrated approach is possible in the course of preparation.

Preparation of repair mixtures

Repair compositions based on dry mixes are prepared at the work site using mortar mixers or concrete mixers (forced or gravity). If a small amount of solution is required, it is prepared in a clean container using a drill with a mixing nozzle.

The amount of the mixture is prepared taking into account the viability. When mixing with water, they are guided by the manufacturer's recommendations, strictly observing the ratio of water and cement material. On average, 0.12-0.13 liters of water is required per 1 kg of dry powder.

When preparing solutions, it is necessary to have a clean container, volumetric utensils for dosing the components, a viscometer, a thermometer.

Preparation of injection solutions:

• the required amount of epoxy resin is poured into a clean container;
• introduce additional components;
• the composition is mixed until a homogeneous consistency.

Immediately before applying the solution, a hardener is introduced, followed by finishing kneading for 2-3 minutes.

Preparation of sealing mastics:

• the required volume of epoxy resin is placed in a clean container;
• plasticizer, hardener are introduced;
• the composition is stirred;
• in the process of mixing, the filler is introduced into the mixture until a paste-like homogeneous consistency is obtained.

Preparation of composite materials:

• mixing primers and adhesives is carried out using a low-speed drill (300-500 rpm);
• the components are mixed in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, taking into account the viability of the composition.

Repair of defects made during construction

Elimination of such defects can be implemented in two ways: with the installation of formwork and without. In the latter case, small defects are eliminated (at a depth of not more than 3 cm), filling the cavities with ordinary concrete, mortar, polymer concrete. More serious damage is always filled with concrete with formwork, reinforcement.

With the old base, the hardened layer is fastened with pins (anchors). To improve the adhesion of old and new concrete, the surface of the first is treated with primers.

Concrete mortar is fed to the repair site manually with the following compaction by deep vibrators. If bulk solutions are used, vibrators are not used. The compaction process is considered complete if laitance has appeared on the surface and air has stopped escaping.

When manually applied, the repair material is spread with trowels, spatulas. Permissible layer thickness 5-50 mm.

The repaired area requires care, for which a polyethylene film or film-forming composition is used. After removing the formwork, all protrusions are removed, possible defects are sealed. Voids, cavities in the places of technological seams are eliminated by injection (polymer cement, cement compositions).

Inactive (non-breathing) technological, shrinkage, temperature and structural cracks are eliminated by surface sealing (polymer-cement pastes based on acrylic polymers or epoxy resins). Active cracks are eliminated with sealants, if necessary, by combining sealing with injection work.

Concrete repair using composite materials

Such work is carried out in cases where it is required to strengthen the structure without a significant change in geometry and weighting the structure. Preparation is carried out using a sandblaster or grinder. Further the work area is primed with an epoxy primer. Drying of the layer is 3-12 hours.

A compressor is used to blow the base from crumbs and dust.

After preparing the repair composition, it is applied to the surface with rollers or brushes. If quartz sand is introduced into the mixture, as a rule, trowels, spatulas are used. Next, the surface is leveled and smoothed.

If defects were found in the concrete, they are filled with a working composition flush with the floor level. Alignment is carried out with a sharp spatula. When the finished layer has gained the required strength, grinding is carried out, pores are sealed. In this case, they work with epoxy resin, which is applied with a roller with an average consumption of 0.2 kg / sq.m.

Protective layer repair

Before starting work, the base must be thoroughly cleaned of corrosion products, paint, dirt, weak concrete. If it is required to restore strength and strengthen the structure, additional reinforcement is carried out using steel anchors.

The technology can be adopted as follows:

• development of damaged areas with a diamond circular saw;
• removal of damaged concrete with high-pressure apparatuses or pneumatic tools;
• cleaning of fittings with high-pressure apparatuses or by chemical means;
• protection of fittings with anti-corrosion composition;
• additional reinforcement with mesh (if the embedment depth exceeds 5 cm);
• saturation of the old foundation with water;
• application of repair mortar by spraying or spraying. If the amount of work is small, use a trowel;
• leveling the layer with a trowel;
• surface care with film-forming compounds.

Crack Filling Technology

Cracks in concrete are repaired only after the causes of their formation are discovered and eliminated. The development of cracks must be completed. Embedding begins when the waterproofing defects are corrected, after the release of moisture accumulated in the defects(substrate must be dry).

The surface should not contain chips, shells, peeling areas, cleaning of old paint, dirt is carried out by means of water jets.

The method of repair depends on the magnitude of crack opening, the impact of damage on the bearing capacity of concrete:

• if the damage is minor (so-called hairline cracks), as a rule, a protective coating is sufficient;
• if the concrete contains cracks, plus there are prerequisites for further opening and the formation of new ones, the installation of "seals" is implemented. In this case, a chamber 5-7 cm deep and 15-20 cm wide is made on both sides of the defect in order to expose the reinforcement and set the gap. Next, cleaning is carried out with compressed air and the chamber is filled with fiber-reinforced concrete.

Serious defects are sewn together with flat anchors and covered with a protective layer 2 cm thick. This method of sealing is often combined with the injection of cement mortars into cracks

Internal waterproofing of cracks

If the crack is inactive, a chamber is cut along its length and filled with polymer solutions. The minimum chamber width is 4 mm. This technical solution is relevant mainly for shallow defects.

If inactive deep cracks are found, the repair method discussed above is supplemented by injection. If the defect is active, a mandatory sealing is carried out with the participation of sealing thiokol mastics. If the crack is deep, sealing cords are additionally used. This is a proven method of waterproofing.

Injection concrete repair

When implementing injection works, it is required to have data on cracks. To determine the depth of the defect, ultrasonic devices are used, the opening is determined by special devices. Access to defects is preliminarily prepared, tools and equipment are connected.

General repair recommendations are as follows:

• dry cracks, the opening of which does not exceed 0.3 mm, are sealed. An elastic material is taken into work, which will not lose its tightness under the operating conditions of the structure;
• cracks filled with cement leaching products are also subject to sealing, since the internal space may be impervious to injection compounds;
• if the defect is periodically flooded, jointing is carried out in the form of a groove, 15 mm deep, 20-40 mm wide. Next, filling with polymeric material is carried out;
• on cracks with a higher opening, on wet cracks, injection is carried out. The work takes compositions that can interact with water.

The composition of the solution for injection, injection technology depend on the type of structural element, the type of cracks, the temperature of the surrounding work and concrete. As a rule, for small defects, low-pressure technology (pressure 0.2-0.3 MPa) is used with a pneumoinjector.

When injecting deep cracks (depth over 45 cm, width over 1 mm), high-pressure injection technology is used. This will require a hand pump, packers. Efficiency was shown by light portable sediments of the membrane type with regulation of the supply of the composition into the cavity.

Such work includes the following steps:

• installation of packers;
• expanding expansion seal;
• introduction of the composition into the package to failure. The solution must exit the adjacent packer;
• after completion of work and curing of the solution, the removable part of the packer is removed;
• the hole is caulked with a repair compound.

Injection begins with the fact that the packers are removed nipples, leaving only the lower extreme (pioneer). Next, prepare the working solution, pour it into the pump. A hose is put on the lower pioneer packer and the compound is injected.

Solution for injection is prepared taking into account its viability

They work until the solution appears from the funny packer. Then the nipple is moved to the adjacent packer, isolating it. Then they work with this packer and so sequentially fill the entire defect. The injection rate of the solution should increase gradually, but not higher than 40 bar. The normal operating pressure is 20 bar.

Shot concrete

Shot concrete materials are successfully used for restoration and repair work. Thus, the sealing of shells, cracks, and destruction is carried out. The base must have a bearing capacity, be strong, clean. It is acceptable to torketirovanie reinforced concrete surfaces, work on a metal mesh. Before starting work, the concrete is moistened, but the presence of puddles is unacceptable.

If there are microcracks, potholes on the base, they will give access to chlorides, water, carbon dioxide, which will accelerate corrosion processes. It is recommended to carry out sealing with anti-corrosion compounds before applying a protective coating. Leaks are eliminated with the help of hydraulic seals.

Work order:

• the application of the working mixture is carried out using compressed air or a pneumoconcrete pump;
• in one cycle, a layer is applied, up to 3 cm thick;
• the surface is treated in layers. The number and thickness of layers are determined by the project.

Safety measures during the implementation of repair work

Safety standards for the production of repair work are established by SniP 12-03-2001, SniP 12-04-2002 "Labor safety in construction", safety rules, safe operation of electrical installations, compressors, pressure vessels. All requirements are met regardless of the chosen technology.

Concrete repair work is carried out using ladders, scaffolds, safety belts. Particular attention is paid to safety when working with epoxy resins and polymer concrete. Workers must complete a fire safety training course. Everyone is given individual protective equipment, overalls.

Persons who have reached the age of 18, have passed introductory briefing, training, and are admitted to repairs for health reasons are allowed to perform work.

Repair cost

The average costs for the restoration of concrete structures start from 2500 r / m3 taking into account preliminary preparation, installation of formwork and reinforcement. The most economical repair option is the use of polymer systems. This method will require costs - from 100r / m3. Injection work remains very expensive - from 2000 r / linear meter.

findings

The choice of concrete repair technology depends on the actual state of the surface, operating conditions and tasks. The optimal recommendations are given in the table.

Repair of concrete in the parking lot is shown in detail in the video:

Concrete is a material used in all areas of construction, the main advantages of which are high strength, reliability and durability. But over time, even concrete structures are destroyed. There can be several reasons for the appearance of cracks, chips, deformations: violation of the ratio of elements during mixing, mechanical influences, environmental influences, loads, and so on. To restore the material, special mixtures are used.

Repair mixtures are used for quick restoration of various concrete structures, restoration of their geometric parameters and performance characteristics.

Repair compositions for concrete are of two types:

• casting;
• dry.

To fill pre-prepared cracks and recesses, casting mixes for concrete are used. They have the ability to expand and a high degree of adhesion to concrete, stone and reinforcement, and when solidified, they practically do not shrink. Filling all the free space, the solution reliably seals and strengthens the repaired surface. Casting mixtures are used in the restoration of horizontal surfaces.

Restoration of concrete and strengthening of monolithic structures is also carried out using dry compounds. A high level of frost resistance and strength allows the use of dry mixes for the repair of products exposed to the negative effects of natural phenomena and cyclic loads. Due to the good characteristics and moisture resistance of the hardened substance, concrete is often waterproofed with it. The material is completely non-toxic, so it is used, for example, to repair drinking water tanks.

Dry formulations are used:

• for the restoration of load-bearing surfaces, floors, stairs;
• for the restoration of roads;
• to protect concrete from corrosion.

The listed species are presented on the domestic market in a wide range. The cost depends on their quality, characteristics and manufacturer.

Overview of popular manufacturers

The requirements for casting and dry mixtures are as follows:

• high degree of adhesion with the restored surface (concrete, stone, rebar);
• exclusion of shrinkage.

Often the main aspect influencing the choice of the buyer is the price of the product. Especially if you need to purchase a large batch for concrete repair.

A brief overview of popular brands will help you make the right decision.

Emaco

The Russian company Basf manufactures and sells Emako compositions used to repair concrete damage of varying degrees of complexity: from small cracks to complex deformations.

• "Emako" N 5100 is used for the first degree of damage: the presence of dirt, cracks, shells.
• With the help of "Emaco" N 900, N 5200 damage of the second degree is repaired: crumbled or peeled off areas of the surface, as well as small chips.
• Emaco S 488 PG, S 488, S 5400 perfectly cope with rust and cracks up to 0.2 mm and a depth of not more than 40 mm (third degree).
• Cracks larger than 0.2 mm, bare reinforcement, a high level of carbonization - the fourth degree, depth up to 100 mm - are restored with Emako T1100 TIX, S 466, S560FR compositions.
• Heavily damaged concrete structures with bare reinforcement and chips more than 200 mm deep are restored using non-shrink (Emaco A 640) and anti-corrosion (Emaco Nanocrete AP) mixtures.

You can buy "Basf" on the official website of the company. The cost varies from 850 to 1700 rubles per package of 25 kg, depending on the components of the composition.

"Birss"

The mixture for the restoration of concrete bases "Birss" is produced in Russia and is designed to perform repairs of any degree of complexity.

• Birss 28, 29, 30, 30N - simple repair of cracks and flaky surfaces.
• Birss 30 C1, 58 C1, 59 C2 (restoring) are used in the second degree of deterioration of concrete.
• In the third degree of damage, the compositions "Birss" 59C3, 59 C are used.
• To correct larger defects, the following Birss mixtures are used: Concrete spatula, RBM or 600 VRS (non-shrinking).
• With the help of "Birss RSM" complex destruction of concrete structures is restored.

The frost resistance of Birss compositions allows repairs to be carried out at low temperatures. They have high adhesive strength, elasticity, density and water resistance.

The advantage of the material is the affordable cost: from 400 to 450 rubles per 50 kg.

Another representative of domestic production is the Bars Consolit repair mixture, which is excellent for the restoration of vertical and horizontal structures. Bars quickly gains the required strength and does not shrink. The mixture has a high level of adhesion to concrete.

There are bulk and thixotropic compositions. The former differ in the thickness of the applied layer, the angle of inclination of the surface to be repaired, and the cost. The price of bulk mixtures varies from 800 to 1,000 rubles per 30 kg.

Thixotropic solutions "Consolite Bars" are:

• reinforcing (113 B60);
• finishing (115 V50);
• repair non-shrink (111 V30).

A moisture-resistant coating is created with a mixture of "Consolit Bars 100", which has an expansion function.

The price varies from 900 to 1,500 rubles per 30 kg, depending on the components of the composition and the region of sale.

Ceresit CX5

Repair of concrete structures in conditions of high humidity is best carried out using a mixture of "Ceresit" ("Ceresit CX5"), which, when solidified, does not shrink and forms a moisture-resistant and frost-resistant coating that reliably covers all defects.

It costs "Ceresit", which has high technical characteristics, quite expensive - about 2,700 rubles per 25 kg.

"Knauf"

Concrete waterproofing is usually carried out with the Knauf Flahendicht mixture, which, in addition to leveling the surface, gives it moisture resistance and vapor permeability. The advantage of the composition is the absence of toxic additives and convenient packaging of 5-6 kg. The Knauf solution can be used both outside and inside the premises. Price - from 350 rubles per 5 kg.

"Found"

A novelty on the Russian market - "Founding Innoline NC60" from "INDASTRO". This is a grouting compound used to repair vertical and horizontal surfaces. The mixture is used not only for restoration work, but also for the installation of equipment on a concrete base. The mixture costs about 800 rubles for 25 kg.

With the help of the dry leveler "Osnovit Selform T-112" they repair floors and walls made of concrete of various types. It has a high level of adhesion and water-repellent properties. It costs from 160 rubles for 20 kg.

"Alit"

The composition of dry mixtures "Alit" (SDR-UR, SDR-U, SDR-UM) includes fine quartz sand, hydraulic binders and non-toxic polymer additives. The composition evens out large cracks and chips, with a depth of 2 to 20 mm, formed on concrete bases, load-bearing structures, stairs.

Possessing resistance to negative temperatures, "Alit" allows you to carry out repairs in the winter.

The price of the mixture is from 1,100 rubles per 25 kg.

mapei
Quick and convenient concrete repair is guaranteed by Mapei dry mix manufacturers. Solutions do not shrink during solidification, do not crack, exclude cavitation, erosion and abrasion. Repair compositions "Mapei" are presented on the Russian market in a large assortment:

High-strength material is used for floor restoration in industrial workshops, repair of airfield slabs, roads, canals and tunnels.

The cost of mixtures depends on the components included in the composition, and varies from 850 to 1,300 rubles per 25 kg.

SW

"SW" is a dry mix used for the repair of reinforced concrete products. The advantages of "SW" are resistance to adverse external factors: mechanical and dynamic loads, high and low temperatures. Moisture-resistant and durable composition is suitable for repair work as soon as possible. The solution, when solidified, forms an anti-corrosion protective coating and is an excellent waterproofing agent.

The price for 25 kg is from 240 to 260 rubles.

How to choose the right repair material

In order to choose the right mixture for concrete repair, it is necessary to follow a certain algorithm of actions.

• Determine the parameters of the repaired area: type of surface, amount of damage, load during operation.
• Choose the type of mixture: cast or dry.
• Select the type of mortar (good adhesion, fiber reinforced).
• Compare prices, mix components and choose a manufacturer.
• Calculate the amount of material needed to complete the work.

Before ordering and buying a mixture, you need to pay attention to the following characteristics:

• hardening time;
• mixture consumption per 1 m2;
• protective functions of the solution;
• shrinkage (you should choose non-shrink compositions).

The market offers a huge number of different repair compounds for the restoration of concrete structures that have lost their original characteristics. They differ from each other in composition, functionality, consumption, price, quantity in the package.

The right choice of repair mix guarantees many more years of safe service for concrete structures.

The cost of concrete repair mixes

Approximate prices for restoration compositions are shown in the table below.

Concrete surfaces and structures have the qualities of durability and high strength, however, during long-term operation or significant loads, damage and cracks appear on them. In this case, a repair mix for concrete will help. However, before purchasing it, it is important to consider the features and quality characteristics of each brand.

Characteristics of repair mixtures

A mixture intended for the restoration of concrete structures and surfaces must be resistant to frost and temperature extremes. Among other things, it must have a high level of adhesion, as well as demonstrate durability. The composition must have antiseptic properties and vapor permeability. After application to the surface, the mixture should cope well with the effects of water.

Indications for the use of the repair mixture

It is applied when there are a large number of potholes and defects on the base. Such compositions are used when the cracks are open by 0.3 millimeters or more. Quite often, concrete is characterized by increased dust formation, while the use of a repair mixture is also shown. The design can be covered with voids, corrode, it can have all sorts of defects. In all these cases, it is recommended to use a repair mixture.

Manufacturers of repair mixtures

Repair mix for concrete "Emako" is produced in Russia. It is used to restore concrete structures that have serious or minor damage. This composition is able to eliminate five different degrees of damage.

The first degree involves the presence of shells, shrinkage cracks, as well as pollution. The maximum depth of damage in this case is 5 millimeters. To eliminate such errors, a mixture of brand Emaco N 5100 should be used.

The second degree of damage includes peeling of the surface and the presence of minor chips. In order to get rid of such shortcomings, you should use the compositions of the brands Emaco N 900 and Emaco N 5200.

The third degree involves the occurrence of cracks within 1-2 millimeters and rust. The maximum depth of damage in this case is 40 millimeters. If you choose repair mixes for concrete restoration with such errors, then it would be best to purchase compositions of the brands Emaco S 488 PG, Emaco S 5400 and Emaco S 488.

The fourth degree is cracks that are larger than 0.2 millimeters. In this case, bare reinforcement may appear and carbonization can be noted. The maximum depth of damage is 10 cm. It is best to purchase mixtures of Emaco T1100 TIX, Emaco S560FR or Emaco S 466 to repair such damage.

The most recent destruction belongs to the fifth degree. In this case, the reinforcement may be exposed, there may be deep cracks on the surface. The depth of damage in this case exceeds 20 cm. The Emaco Nanocrete AP mixture will help protect against the effects of corrosion on the reinforcement. If you decide to use the repair compounds of the above brands, then you will have to pay from 13 to 26 dollars for 25 kg.

Repair mixes brand "Birss"

Repair mixes for concrete restoration are produced by the Birss company, which is located in Russia. These compositions are intended for the restoration of structures and If there is a need to cope with damage to the first degree, then you can use the Birss 28, Birss 29 mixtures. Whereas the compositions "Birss 30 C1" and "Birss 58 C1" will allow you to cope with the second degree.

This manufacturer has repair mixtures for all degrees of damage. The main advantages are salt resistance, high adhesion, water resistance, frost resistance, density and elasticity, as well as wear and shrinkage resistance. The price of such mixtures is much lower and is equal to $ 6 per 50 kg.

Features of repair mixtures "Bars"

Repair mix for concrete "Bars" is easy to apply and can be used to repair horizontal and vertical surfaces. These compositions can even be applied to old concrete coatings. On sale are mixtures of bulk and thixotropic type. The latter variety includes the composition of the Bars 102 B45 brand, it should be applied to the surface with a layer whose thickness varies from 2 to 4 cm. The composition contains non-shrinking components, as well as reinforcing fibers. The price compared to other mixtures is considered average and is equal to $ 13 per 30 kg. If there is a need to eliminate water leaks in the concrete structure, then the Bars 113 console should be used, this mixture has additional qualities of strength and the ability to expand.

Features of repair mixtures "Cerezit"

Repair mix for concrete "Cerezit" is distributed in the building materials market, perhaps the most. It has excellent restoration properties for all kinds of concrete surfaces and substrates. After application, the composition forms a non-shrinking cork, which is resistant to frost and water. It will securely seal all cracks and leaks. You can buy such a composition for a higher price compared to other mixtures, the price varies within $ 41 per 25 kg. However, this mixture will be compensated by excellent quality.

Features of MBR repair mixtures

In the assortment you can find other types of compositions. For example, the MBR 500 concrete repair mix is ​​intended for the repair of structures that have defects. Such a composition can be stored for six months at a fairly wide temperature range, from -50 to +50 degrees. Considering the technical characteristics of this composition, it can be noted that it has different grades within MBR 300 - MBR 700. Each of these mixtures can be laid with a maximum thickness in one go. For example, MBR 320 is applied with a thickness of 40 millimeters, while MBR 700 is applied with a thickness of 20 millimeters. As an alternative solution in the latter case, a form can be used. After hardening, MBR 700 acquires a density of 2350 kilograms per cubic meter. Whereas the MBR 300 demonstrates a density in the range of 2100 grams per cubic meter.

The repair mix for concrete should be selected depending on the type of defect, the expected load during operation, as well as the size of the damage. If there is a need to strengthen the base, then the most suitable option is the use of a deep-penetrating primer mixture. If you are choosing a concrete repair compound that is intended to help reinforce a vertical surface or concrete structure, thixotropic compounds should be preferred. Such mixtures have a thick consistency and excellent adhesive qualities. This leads to the fact that they adhere well enough to the surface of the walls.

Conclusion

When leveling surfaces, use compounds that have good adhesion qualities. If there is a need to eliminate cracks, it is recommended to choose compositions reinforced with fiberglass. Before buying, you need to pay attention to some characteristics of the composition, among them - the solidification period, material consumption, and shrinkage size.

Reliability and can serve for a long time. But, it is possible that he is subject to destructive external influences. After a while, cracks and irregularities may appear on it, so in the article we will consider how to get rid of such damage using repair mixtures and compounds.

What it is

The restorative composition consists of:

• cement;
• sand;
• fillers;
• all kinds of additives that give the solution the qualities necessary for its strength.

In dry form, repair mortars for concrete can be applied immediately, for this, water is added to them and mixed thoroughly.

With the help of such solutions, shortcomings on concrete structures are eliminated, in particular:

• gender;
• stairs;
• bridge
• wall;
• road.

Also, dry repair compounds are usually used for the following purposes:

• repair work of the main structures that perform the function of bearing: concrete beams, floor slabs, columns and others;
• implementation of repair work of the road surface (aircraft take-off runways, parking lots), concrete floors at industrial enterprises, warehouses;
• as surface protection from .

To date, there is a diverse selection of concrete repair compounds, ranging from various manufacturers and ending with the properties of the funds. The price of mixtures also has a wide range.

Compositions designed to eliminate defects are divided into two main types:

• molding, which are used for horizontal surfaces;
• thixotropic - for vertically located planes.

Tip: to increase the reinforcing performance, it is necessary to add fiber to the composition of the repair agents.

How to choose a mixture

When choosing, you need to consider several indicators, namely:

• what damage;
• What is the surface defect?
• its operating conditions.

During the repair work on critical concrete areas, the use of reinforced fiberglass is most appropriate. In addition, there are special tools designed to carry out repairs in a short time, which harden quite quickly.

Tip: apply each layer no thicker than 35 mm. And, if the reinforcement in concrete structures is bare, it should be treated with an anti-corrosion primer.

In order to level the horizontal surface, a dry poured concrete repair mortar is used. It has a liquid consistency compared to thixotropic.

The casting composition must simply be poured onto the concrete surface. In this case, one layer can be 100 mm thick. The composition has minimal shrinkage, it firmly covers the surface and instantly seizes.

When repairing cracks in concrete, which often occur on its surface, the same mixtures are used that were used to level the plane. When choosing them, consider the conditions for further operation of the structure.

In the manufacture of such a mixture, the composition may contain different components that give the product certain characteristics, for example:

• frost resistance;
• hydrophobicity;
• shortening the setting time of the solution.

How to level the floor

You can level the horizontal surface with your own hands. However, the work will require considerable effort, certain knowledge and methods, but, adhering to technology, you can independently achieve the required quality. To level the floor, you will need a cement-sand screed.

Below are the instructions for working with it:

1. The first step is to clean the floor from dust and dirt.. Remove the old coating, treat the surface with a primer for a more even distribution of the solution.
2. Determine the highest point from which the floor leveling will begin.
3. Install beacons, for which metal corners, pipes or profiles are suitable. Place them so that they are on the same level.

Tip: It's best to do this with a laser level.

1. Start pouring the screed. At the same time, its layer should be up to 40 mm thick. Pour the solution that was previously mixed in a metal or plastic container onto the surface, then continue leveling the fill using the rule.

After pouring, let the screed dry well for a couple of weeks. The next day after completion, if the solution has managed to gain some hardness, remove the beacons, and fill the seams with grout.

Tip: during drying, cover the screed with polyethylene film. Moisten the surface with water from time to time to avoid cracks and strengthen the screed.

It is possible to repair horizontal surfaces made of concrete using a self-leveling agent. It is used if there are small defects or irregularities up to 3 mm on the surface. The result is a completely smooth surface.

How to remove potholes

It happens that potholes form on the surface of concrete.

1. First, make an incision along the perimeter of the defect, its depth should be up to 20 mm. Use a grinder with a diamond blade for this purpose.
2. Remove excess concrete with a chisel or hammer.
3. Remove any remaining dirt and dust. To better remove all debris, you can use sandblasting equipment or a vacuum cleaner.
4. Apply an epoxy primer to the clean surface to help it bond to the concrete.

1. Fill the pothole with a special mixture, which can be repair compounds for reinforced concrete.
2. Remove excess mixture from the surface, level it with a rail or a rule.

The patch must be left until it is completely dry. In this case, the tool will be strong enough. The last step is sanding the patch.

Conclusion

For repair work, it is better to use special dry mixes instead of a standard concrete mortar. Such repair agents have certain properties that will provide the coating with adequate strength. The video in this article will help you find more information on this topic.

The process of solidification of all binders in the air is accompanied by an inevitable process of shrinkage.
Deformations that occur in the process of reducing the volume of the cement mixture can cause cracks in the finished concrete, which will not only adversely affect the appearance of the structure, but also violate its solidity, significantly reducing the operational period.
To correct the situation by restoring the solidity of the concrete structure, dry repair mixtures applied to the places of destruction of the concrete layer are capable. This dictated the need to use concrete repair mixes.

Features of our concrete repair mixes

Buying dry mixes for concrete, instead of alternative repair options, the client not only saves his own time, but also the budget. The reason for this is the optimal ratio of price and quality of our products, which allows to achieve the first results within 24 hours from the moment of application, which is an order of magnitude faster than traditional analogues.
Among other things, the repair of concrete is accompanied by an increase in water resistance in the places where the mixture is applied. This effect is achieved due to the adhesion process that quickly proceeds between the damaged concrete and the multicomponent non-shrinking mixture.

As for the temperature regime, the concrete repair compound has high hardening rates, arriving in the temperature range from +5 to +80 degrees Celsius.

The shelf life of the diluted mixture consistency reaches 60 minutes, which is quite enough for spot application.

Advantages

By choosing our high-speed materials, the customer enjoys a wide range of benefits. Among them are:

• acceptable cost
• Possibility of delivery to the customer's address
• an impressive range of repair mixtures for damages of any type and size
• compliance of the materials sold with European quality standards, which acts as a guarantor of durability