Calculation of heating for individual devices. Calculation of heating in an apartment building

Sometimes a bill with figures for paying for heating causes amazement among the owners of houses or apartments with its amounts. In order to figure out where which figure “grows from”, you need to know how the heating in the apartment is calculated.

Moreover, the consumption and payment standards for various energy resources are constantly growing in price, and we must have time to navigate this flow. it is also worth noting that an additional column called ODN heating has recently grown in bills (stands for general house needs).

This material will help you understand how the heating in the apartment is calculated. By the latest rules, introduced not so long ago, now each service will be divided into two parts and also calculated separately. These are fees for the maintenance of residential premises (that is, corny speaking, for warming the apartment) and monetary compensation for services provided to the entire house. That is why one more "extra" column materialized in the bills.

Calculation rules

The rules for calculating the amount of money needed to pay for heating an apartment are directly dependent on which metering devices are installed in each room and the way the entire building is heated. There are several uses that have direct influence on how the heating in the apartment is calculated. For example, in a building with residents there is only one metering device, it is considered common, non-residential rooms of the building are not equipped with such things.

There are situations when the house has general appliance cost accounting heating heat, but each "nook" is additionally equipped with separate devices. The third option is the complete absence of a general device for accounting for the heat energy spent over a certain period of time in the building.

It is possible to achieve the maximum accuracy of the heating calculations made if you know for sure whether the house has a common metering device and private metering devices in residential and non-inhabited areas of the building.

The house has only one heating meter - common to the whole house, and there are no separate devices for the rest of the inhabited elements. The fee in each apartment is calculated when selecting the calculations of metering devices for private consumption, mounted in the apartment in question, or a certain standard.

What the heating meter shows is calculated in Gcal:

• The common house meter showed an consumption of 250 Gcal.
• The total area of ​​the house in question with all the corners suitable and unsuitable for living together turned out to be 7 thousand square meters.
• The area of ​​a separate studied apartment, taken for consideration, was 75 squares.
• The heating tariff is calculated from the figure of 1400 rubles per 1 Gcal.
• The calculation of expenses in the specified room will be done as follows:
• 250 * 75 / 7000 * 1400 = 3750 rubles

This is only the first stage of calculating the heating in the apartment - one of the lines of the receipt. Next, you need to find out the area of ​​non-residential premises and residential apartments - suppose 6 thousand square meters.

The amount of heat is determined through the following actions:

• 250 * (1-6000 / 7000) * 75 / 6000 = 0.446428571 Gcal.

• 3750 + 625 = 4375 rubles.

General building heat meter

There is a common meter for calculating heating costs in the building, and individual metering is installed only in a number of apartments. Compensation for consumed heating can be calculated according to this option.

• 1.5 * 1400 = 2100 rubles

1.5 is the heat energy indicated in Gcal, which is taken from the considerations of what the private metering device has calculated;

• 1400 rubles is a fixed fee set for 1 Gcal of heat;

figure 75 - the specified living area;

• 0.025 Gcal - the rate of heat costs per square.

How you can find out the costs in a single apartment is directly dependent on the information whether there is an individual device for reading the consumed heat energy in this room.

The other half of the received payment with numbers in the same case is already considered in several other ways.

According to the first method, you need to estimate the amount of monetary compensation, and according to the other, the volume of the service provided:

• (250 - 10 -5000 * 0.25 - 8 -30) * 75 / 6000 = 0.9625 Gcal

Among the unknown components are the following:

• 10 Gcal - the amount of heat spent on heating non-residential areas of the building;
• 5 thousand square meters is the area of ​​​​all residential premises;
• 8 Gcal - heat spent on heating in apartments. Information is collected from all private accounting devices.
• 30 Gcal - the amount of heat that should go to provide hot water in pipes, is used in the absence of any centralized system.

• 0.9625 * 1,400 = 1,347.50 rubles

The full payment for heating a single apartment is calculated according to the following method:

• 2 100 + 1347.50 = 3 447, 50 - if there is an individual device in the heating system;
• 2,625 + 1,347.50 = 3,972.50 rubles - if there is no such device.

Installing an individual meter

No public meter

This situation assumes that there is no general house meter in the building at the moment. The fee will be calculated according to a couple of formulas.

Before calculating the indicators of a single private apartment, the calculation is performed according to the following algorithm:

• 1.5 * 1400 = 2100 rubles

Then the calculation will begin to be done according to a slightly different scenario:

• 0.025 * 75 * 1400 = 2625 rubles

The calculation of personal expenses for ODN will have to be calculated according to the following algorithm:

• 0.025 * 100 * 75/6000 = 0.03125 Gcal

One hundred square meters is the area of ​​​​everything that is included in the concept of common house buildings.

In order to convert all the figures of the spent heat into banknotes:

• 0.03125 * 1,400 = 43.75 rubles

After all the steps taken, you can come close to solving the issue with the calculation in a particular residential area:

• 2,100 + 43.75 = 2,143.75 rubles - it is used when the owners of the apartment have installed separate counting devices;
• 2625 + 43.75 = 2668.75 rubles - it is used when there are no such devices in the apartment.

Help from experts

If suddenly it is not clear to you at the moment how to conduct heating in an apartment, then for this you need to contact qualified specialists. They will tell you everything and recommend how to choose the optimal parameters. First, a project is being carried out, on which an approximate plan for the location of the heating system in the room is noted.

After all the nuances are clarified and approved, you can purchase equipment and wonder about additional heating solutions in the house. The main thing is not to allow self-activity in this matter, otherwise the system may break down and flood the neighbors, who are unlikely to be grateful to you for such a gift.

Your contacts in this article from 500 rubles per month. Other mutually beneficial cooperation options are possible. Write to us at [email protected]

Utility bills are getting higher day by day, thereby reducing family funds for other needs. Regardless of the region of residence, each consumer can note that the amounts presented for payment for receiving heat in an apartment are the most significant.

But at the same time, tenants do not know how correct these charges are, because how heating payment is calculated is often known only to heat workers.

Hello, dear visitor of the portal! Unfortunately, the article discloses only a typical answer to your question. For a private issue, write to us. One of our lawyers immediately and completely free will advise you.

Legislative basis for the formation of payment for heating

Currently, the procedure for determining the amount of payment for the provided heat is based on Decree 354 of the Government of the Russian Federation. The adoption of this standard took place in 2012, and since then the main version of the document has undergone various adjustments.

Changes were repeatedly made to the method of calculation itself. The concept of “general house heat supply needs” was introduced, which was calculated separately from the heating of residential premises. But in 2013, the heat supply service was combined into a single utility service, without separation according to the purpose of the premises.

Improvements are underway to the present, so in 2017 new formulas were introduced to calculate the amount presented for payment by the consumer. And in the current period, the calculation is carried out precisely according to such criteria and using a new procedure for generating payments.

Factors affecting the formation of payment in an apartment building

According to the legislation, the formation of the amount received for payment for the service provided is influenced by the following factors:

1. Type of heat supply system depending on the source of heat supply. Since the classification system is centralized and decentralized, the formation of the payment system depends on this factor.
2. The presence of metering devices for the consumption of thermal energy, regardless of the purpose. That is, the calculations provided for payment include both common house mechanisms and individual heat meters.
3. The method of calculating the payment for the operation of heat supply. The method is understood as the presentation of accounts all year round or only in heating period. The heating payment method is adopted at the regional level. Thermal workers of each region are authorized to make charges on the fact of consumption, excluding summer time, but within the framework of regulatory acts of regional significance.
4. Availability of technical feasibility of installing IPU thermal energy.

Based on the existing factors that affect the formation of the amounts claimed for compensation, several options for calculating the payment for heat supply can be distinguished.

Accrual algorithm No. 1

The main components of the calculation are the centralized heating system, there are no metering devices, the seasonal way of presenting the fee.

According to the Rules for the formation of the cost of heat supply, which are approved by Decree No. 354, the calculation is made according to the following formula:

P payment = S total * N * T,

S total - the total area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe occupied dwelling, m 2.

N - heat consumption according to the standard, Gcal / m 2. This indicator is developed locally by authorized energy commissions. Adopted by local governments and subject to revision once every 3 years.

T is the regional tariff for heat energy, rubles. In the case of several housing and communal services organizations supplying heat, this figure may vary between companies.

Attention! If it is technically possible to provide an apartment building with a heat resource calculation device, an additional load is introduced into the formula in the form of Kk.p. - a multiplying coefficient, the value of which has been included in the calculations since 2016. From January 1, 2017, the coefficient for any calculation method without counters is 1.5.

Accrual algorithm No. 2

The main components of the calculation are the centralized heating system, there are no metering devices, the accrual is made evenly, throughout the year, including summer.

Under these conditions, a different formula of the Rules is applied to the calculation, namely formula No. 2-1, and the fee is charged in the following way:

P olaty \u003d S total * (N * K) * T,

S total - the total area of ​​​​the apartment, m 2.

N is an indicator of the rate of consumption of heating services, Gcal / m 2.

K is a coefficient showing the frequency of payment for the provided heat. It is taken as the ratio of the number of months of the actual heating season, including incomplete ones, by the year-round period. For example, heating in the region was 7 months, the coefficient is calculated as 7/12=0.583. The definition of the coefficient was adopted by Government Decree No. 857.

T is the regional tariff for covering heat supply services in rubles.

Accrual algorithm No. 3

Modern new buildings in most cases receive uninterrupted heat supply using autonomous IHS. With this heating source, independent production coolant using equipment that is the common property of all owners of the Moscow Railways.

The amount of payment for this type of heat carrier generation is determined by the following formula:

V is the amount of the communal resource that was spent on the production of the coolant. These include - heat, electricity, cold water. According to Decree No. 1498, the average volumes of resources used for the previous calendar year are taken into account.

S - The total quadrature of the calculated dwelling.

S- total area all premises in MZD.

T - The price of each communal resource used for the manufacture of coolant in the ITP.

How to reduce heating bills

Having considered all types of cost formation, it can be found that service providers have protected themselves from possible losses by introducing multiplying factors and various overhead costs into the calculations when forming the tariff. Every thrifty tenant does not want to pay inflated amounts that are listed on the receipt.

Therefore, some options for charging for the heat supply service of housing have been calculated and the following ways to reduce payment for utility services have been made. These include:

• refuse to provide C/O services and switch to individual consumption by installing a heating boiler. The method is quite expensive and requires a large number of documents;
• install a heat meter in the MZD. In this case, accruals will be made according to the amount of natural resource consumed. At the same time, the presentation of the amount is carried out depending on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe dwelling, the number of registered persons in the apartment does not affect the calculations;
• organize the provision of the Moscow Railways with an individual heating point. The costly option, however, quickly pays for itself, and it is very suitable for SMDs or other communities of owners that are not dependent on the management company or housing office.

You can carry out your mathematical calculations of the correctness of the charge for the operation of heat supply in your apartment using the provided formulas and having information about existing tariffs. There may be cases when the amounts presented are received erroneously and need to be adjusted by the consumer. All information related to regulatory figures and indicators is always widely available and the consumer can use it to compare with the numbers specified in the payments.

Everyone should know how the payment for heating in an apartment is calculated. This information will help you figure out what is included in the price. At the same time, its formation takes place on the basis of certain documents.

Important Calculations

How is the heating calculated in the apartment? The relevant government decree approves the procedure for settlements and submission of documents. There is a certain procedure for the provision of public services to the owners of apartments and residential buildings. Another resolution approved the rules for the provision of similar services to all citizens Russian Federation.

When faced with the question of how to calculate the heating fee, it is necessary to be guided by the rules adopted initially and later. Although only the latest 2011 version should be used, the transition period is ongoing. Local government authorities at the regional level determine the list required documents to be followed.

How to calculate payment for heating according to the rules established by Decree No. 354? The prescribed procedure determines the collection of payments not for the entire year, but only for the heating period. If the place of residence of the subject is the Moscow region, and charges for heat are made only during the period from October to May, then you can safely be guided by the information provided. If the number of months differs, it is necessary to act according to the rules established by Decree No. 307.

Paying only during heating seasons makes the calculation process much easier and more convenient. This is a significant achievement and a plus for residents. In practice, it becomes clear that the heating fee set at a later period for residential premises is slightly higher than the amount accepted earlier. This is due to the fact that payments were divided over all 12 months. In most cases, this leads to inconvenience.

How is the amount of payment for heat in apartments calculated? The calculation algorithm is influenced by a number of factors. Among them are:

• the presence in residential premises (apartment buildings) of one meter;
• availability of heat meters in each apartment and non-residential premises;
• the presence of distributors (they must be in half of the non-residential and residential premises of an apartment building).

Calculation formula

According to the rules, if heat is metered using a common house appliance, it will be possible to calculate the fee based on the established parameters. The standard for the consumption of thermal energy for heating can vary in each specific region of the country. It determines the number of gigacalories that are needed to heat the area within 30 calendar days.

The heating tariff is approved individually for each region by local authorities. We are talking about the cost of 1 Gcal for heating. An important parameter is the area of ​​dwellings. It should be taken into account that the heated area of ​​the room does not include a balcony or loggia.

1. heating standard.
2. The total area of ​​a residential or non-residential type of premises.
3. A certain cost of consumed energy (thermal).

If you understand the calculation formula in more detail, then you need to multiply the number of gigacalories for heating a room by the price of 1 hl, and then multiply by the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe apartment.

Calculation under other conditions

To calculate the payment for energy in the absence of meters in apartment building, but in the presence of a common house appliance, you must follow the calculation procedure given below. The payment according to the described procedure is charged exclusively in those houses where there are no meters in absolutely all apartments and non-residential premises.

The formula used involves first calculating the ratio of the total area of ​​an individual dwelling to the total area of ​​dwellings. Further, the obtained value must be multiplied by the cost of thermal energy and by the number of gigacalories that were consumed during the estimated period of time. The amount of energy expended is determined based on the readings of a common house appliance.

If not all apartments are equipped with meters, but, for example, only 95%, the above algorithm can be used for the calculation.

The payment for heat according to it in a simplified version is carried out using the total amount of heat energy used in the house. The share of each apartment must be calculated. The resulting amount of heat consumed must be multiplied by the current tariff suitable for a particular region.

Counters of various types

Calculation of the payment for heating has some features if a general measuring device and separate meters to measure the amount of heat in all apartments (this applies not only to residential premises). The main thing is to clarify the availability of accounting devices in all apartments.

In this case, the formula includes the following indicators. They take the amount of heat used in a particular facility (applies to residential and non-residential premises). It is determined on the basis of indicators taken from individual or general meters related to the apartment meter. Determine the amount of a communal resource, thanks to which the general needs of the house are satisfied. At the same time, they are equipped with collective devices that allow you to accurately take into account the spent thermal energy.

The total area of ​​the house is taken into account, in which many apartments are concentrated, related to residential or non-residential real estate, as well as the total area in a separate individual object located in this multi-apartment building. Be sure to take into account the cost of heat for each region.

The payment can be made if the following calculations are made: the area of ​​the apartment is divided by the area of ​​the house and multiplied by the amount of energy provided for the total needs of the entire building with apartments. Then add up with the amount of energy consumed in the first room. In the last step, you need to multiply the resulting figure by the active tariff.

The essence of this payment option lies in the fact that the amount of heat consumed by the residents of one apartment is increased by a part of the heat spent within the general needs of the house.

If the final number exceeds the amount pre-paid, it will be credited towards the payment that the person plans to make. If it turned out more small value, you will need to pay extra. The action is based on corrective mechanisms.

With distributors

What to do if distributors are installed? These are sensors that are installed on batteries with outer side. They take into account the amount of heat given off by the batteries during external environment. This device is similar to a counter, but it functions differently.

If you follow the rules for the provision of communal services, you need to take into account that government decree No. 354 has a certain norm. Accounting for housing and communal services determines the use of distributor readings in the calculation process.

A multi-storey building must have a common house accounting device intended for collective purposes. It is also important that the distributors be installed in such a number of apartments, which together make up more than half of all residential and non-residential premises.

If these requirements are met during the year, 1 time (if the residents decide, then more often) payment for heat energy on the basis of switchgears will be adjusted according to the sensor readings.

Calculation formulas contain indicators:

1. The payment for heating in a certain room equipped with a sensor for the time period subject to adjustment.
2. The number of apartments and non-residential premises in one multi-apartment building that are equipped with special devices for measuring.
3. The total number of distributors that are in one room of a residential property.
4. The part of the consumed service relating to heat energy, which is accounted for by an individual distributor. This share is taken into account in the amount of heat consumed in each room equipped with sensors.

Early ruling

According to document No. 307, the payment rules are subject to the availability of energy measuring devices in a building with many apartments. Settlement manipulations are reduced to charging fees throughout the year.

The amount that tenants pay for their energy consumption is subject to change.

Monthly amount for heating in the premises different type in apartment buildings with distributors is calculated according to a similar formula that is used for apartments with meters. It is enough to multiply the total area of ​​​​a residential facility by the amount of heat energy consumed for the previous period (year). The resulting figure is multiplied by the tariff.

The amount of payment is adjusted every year according to a certain formula. It takes into account the amount of payment for heat, which is taken from the metering equipment common to the building. The fee is calculated according to normative value in apartments that do not have a sensor. You need to know other indicators noted in the rules. For example, this is the proportion of payment amounts related to a particular measuring device.

Each person should not have any difficulties in the process of calculations. It is necessary to constantly monitor ongoing changes in the law in order to take into account tariff increases and other criteria.

If you have any difficulties, you can contact the appropriate authorized service at the place of residence.

pikucha.ru

How is the heating fee calculated?

• Heating bill in summer
• Conclusion

AT present times, when the cost of energy resources is constantly growing and payment for heating from centralized systems is increasing, many residents have become interested in questions about how the amount of this payment is calculated and calculated. It turns out that this is a whole science, which sometimes becomes difficult to comprehend. We will try to clarify this issue, taking as an example the calculation of heating in the Russian Federation.

Legislative acts in other countries of the former USSR may differ, but they relate to various increasing or decreasing coefficients and other nuances, but basically the calculation remains the same. In addition, it is always necessary to take into account the decisions of local self-government bodies that supplement these legislative acts. There are 3 payment methods considered:

• in the absence of heat energy meters;
• according to the heat meter serving the entire multi-storey building;
• on individual counters in each apartment.

How is payment calculated without metering devices

There are 3 components in the formula that determines the heating fee:

• standard specific consumption heat per 1 m2 of residential premises. It is approved by local authorities separately in each region and is expressed in Gcal/m2. The designation in the formula is N;
• heated area (S, m2). This does not include loggias, balconies, verandas and terraces;
• service tariff central heating(T). It is also approved by local governments and is expressed in a monetary unit related to 1 Gcal of thermal energy.

In the absence of a general house or individual heat meter, payment is charged according to the heat consumption standard N and tariff T as follows:

At the same time, you will be provided with an invoice, which will indicate 2 amounts: the monthly cost of heating the home and payment for space heating common use(stairs, platforms, etc.). By the way, in the Russian Federation, a resolution has been adopted that encourages the installation of common house metering devices. It says that in houses where it is technically possible to do this, a multiplying factor is added to the formula. In 2016, its value is 1.4, in 2017 - 1.6.

It should be noted that heating tariffs are calculated based on such parameters as the cost of the energy carrier used, wage employees and the average ambient temperature for the season. The tariff is determined annually, and at the end of the heating season, it is recalculated according to the average outdoor temperature. Usually, its results become known at the end of May or June.

Important. If the average temperature for the season was higher than for the heating seasons during the previous 5 years (the tariff is calculated on this basis), then the service provider company must recalculate the payment downward. The difference remains in your account and will be used to pay for services in the next season. When the average temperature is lower, you will be billed additionally.

Calculation of payment for heating according to a common house meter

In this scenario, accrual occurs on the basis of meter readings taken over a certain period of time, as a rule, a month.

In the total consumption of thermal energy, the part attributable to your apartment is determined, which is then multiplied by the approved tariff. The formula is:

P = Qtot x S / Stot x T, where:

• Qtotal - the amount of heat consumed according to the readings of the general house meter, Gcal;
• Stot is the area of ​​all apartments, non-residential and utility rooms buildings, m2;
• S, T - the same as in the previous formula.

It should be noted that the recalculation of the tariff according to the average temperature for the heating season should be carried out in any case. Then, at the end of it, people are returned part of the funds in the form of an advance payment for future services or an invoice is issued for an additional payment.

For reference. In the Russian Federation, there is a rule according to which the above calculation method is applied even when most apartments are equipped individual counters. To pay for individual devices according to another method, it is necessary to install them in all 100% of dwellings.

Calculation by individual meter

In order for the accrual to be made according to this method, 2 conditions are required: metering stations must be in all apartments without exception, plus a common meter at the entrance to the building.

This is necessary in order to be able to calculate the share of each apartment in the total heat consumption, including that spent on heating non-residential common areas. Applicable formula:

P \u003d (Qkv + Qone x S / Stotal) x T, where:

• Qkv - the amount of heat recorded by an individual meter for billing period;
• Qodn - heat consumption for general house needs (heating of all premises, except for apartments);
• S, Stotal, T - the same as in the previous formulas.

The value of Qone is calculated separately, for which it is necessary to know the readings of the common house meter for the same period, and then subtract from it the total amount of heat spent on heating apartments. That is, you need to sum up the readings of all individual meters, and subtract the result from the total consumption of the device at the entrance to the house.

Heating bill in summer

The legislation of the countries of the post-Soviet space allows you to charge for the provision of heating services for 12 months, that is, all year round, including in summer. But the introduction of such rules usually depends on the local authorities, who have the right to enact them by their decision. For example, in the Russian Federation, two decrees are simultaneously in force - No. 354 and No. 307. The first prescribes to make accrual only during the heating period, and the second - all year round.

Implemented this method payment is quite simple. The formulas are the same, only the standards in them are substituted on the basis of the indicators of the previous year, separated by 12 months. Then the standards are recalculated and adjusted, which will be used next year. On the one hand, paying summer period Reduces monthly utility bills. On the other hand, it complicates and makes the whole accrual system incomprehensible, as described in the presented video:

Conclusion

Many residents apartment buildings encountered glaring errors or incomprehensible numbers in heating bills. Now, when these amounts are quite impressive, knowledge of the accrual methodology will be very useful. In addition, it is recommended that you check with your heat suppliers for the exact values ​​of the approved standards and tariffs so that you can calculate the payment yourself.

cotlix.com

Legal advice > Administrative law > Utilities > How is the heating fee calculated according to the standard?

Heating tariffs are rising every year, and many consumers are interested in what they pay for and why the numbers in the bill are getting bigger. The cost of heating is calculated according to the norm of heat consumption, and in apartment buildings it depends on the heated area and on general house expenses.

Dear readers! The article tells typical ways how to solve legal problems. Your case is individual.

Each consumer should know how the heating payment is calculated according to the standard in order to be able to control the fairness of charges in management company.

Regulatory framework for calculating payments for heating

The amount of the heating fee depends on various factors.

In Russia, there are two main documents that are used to calculate heating fees. The first of these is the Government Decree No. 354 dated 06.05.11. It regulates the rules for the provision of public services to residents of apartment buildings. This document became an alternative to government decree No. 307 of May 23, 2006, but in practice the old decree is still in effect.

The decision on which rules are used to calculate payments is made at the local level, the region chooses for itself best option. There is a very important difference between them: according to the Rules established in Decree No. 354, heating fees are charged only during the heating season, and are not distributed throughout the year. On the one hand, this simplified the calculation method, on the other hand, it led to an increase in the financial burden on the consumer.

Under the new rules, between October and May, the rent rises sharply, as they begin to include the cost of heating. Many consumers find it difficult to pay increased bills, which leads to increased debt. According to the traditional method established in the rules. Decree No. 307, consumers throughout the year pay approximately the same amount for an apartment, and it is adjusted taking into account the general increase in tariffs.

The amount of payment for heat depends on the installed common house meter, the presence of heat meters in apartments, as well as the presence of distribution sensors in residential and non-residential premises.

Calculation of the fee with an uninstalled common house meter

A common house meter saves

If the apartment building is not equipped with a common building meter, the heating charge is calculated based on three main factors:

• heating standard. This is the number of gigacalories that is required to heat one square meter to the required temperatures. meters of area. Each region sets its own standard depending on climatic conditions.
• heating tariff. This is the cost of one gigacalorie of heat, set for a given region.
• The size of the heated area. In an apartment building, it does not include the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe loggia or balcony.

Thus, the calculation of the heating fee in this case is carried out according to a relatively simple formula: The amount of the fee = standard * tariff * area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe apartment, the standard and tariff are set by the regional authorities.

The total cost of heat does not depend on the number of calories of heat energy actually consumed, so this method of calculation is used less and less. Now all over Russia is coming campaign to improve the energy efficiency of heat supply, therefore heat meters are being actively installed.

Calculation of the fee with the installed common house meter

A more common situation today is that a common house meter has been installed in an apartment building, while there are no individual meters for heat consumption in apartments. engineering communications in many homes are such that individual meters simply cannot be included in heating system, and each consumer does not have the ability to independently increase or decrease heating. In this case, the calculation is based on four main parameters:

• The total amount of heat energy consumed by the house is determined by the readings of the common house meter. Its installation allows you not to pay for the heat lost along the road due to uninsulated heating mains and other problems of heating networks.
• The heated area of ​​the consumer's apartment or non-residential premises.
• The total heated area of ​​the building. All residential premises are taken into account, as well as entrances, attached shops connected to a common heating system, etc.
• The statutory tariff for thermal energy. Tariffs are determined by local authorities.

The calculation formula is as follows: Payment for heat = total volume * area of ​​the apartment / area of ​​the house * established tariff. Thus, the distribution of fees becomes more equitable, since each house actually pays only for itself.

However, even in this case, the calculation system is not ideal: since consumers do not have the ability to control heat consumption, it is often necessary to simply “heat the street”, releasing heat outside due to its excess. However, you still have to pay for it in full. Because of this, a more modern version of the calculation with individual meters is becoming more and more popular.

Calculation of fees with installed individual meters

An individual meter allows you to pay for the actual heat consumed

If individual heat consumption meters are installed in all apartments, the calculation becomes more complicated, but in the end the consumer pays for the energy actually used, and this option turns out to be the most profitable. The calculation takes into account following options:

• The amount of heat consumed by one residential or non-residential premises is determined by the readings of an individual meter. At least 95% of the premises in the building must be equipped with metering devices.
• The amount of heat consumed by the whole house is taken into account on the basis of the indications of the general house meter.
• The area of ​​the apartment for which the heating charge is calculated.
• The total heated area of ​​the house. The area of ​​residential and non-residential premises is taken into account.
• Government-established tariff for thermal energy.

All these parameters are taken into account when calculating according to the following formula: Fee = ( individual warmth+ total heat * apartment area/total area) * tariff.

From the readings of the common house meter, the sum of the readings of individual meters is subtracted, and the remainder is divided among all consumers. Thus, the residents of the house pay for the heating of the entrance and other premises on their own. general purpose, however, the main calculation is carried out precisely on the basis of individual counters.

This allows you to significantly reduce heating costs, as you do not have to pay for worn-out networks and endless utility breakdowns. And yet, the option with individual meters is not always possible to implement: most often a common house meter is installed in the house, and as a result, residents still have to partially pay for each other. This also causes difficulties in the fight against debtors: they cannot be disconnected from a single heating system, and as a result, they continue to use the heat paid for by other people.

The procedure for calculating payment for heat according to the rules of 2006

According to the rules, every year a recalculation must be carried out.

If payment for heat is charged according to the old rules, and a common house meter is installed in the house, then the final figures in consumer receipts will depend on how much heat the apartment building consumed during the past year.

This value is divided by the total area of ​​the building, and is taken into account as residential apartments, and non-residential premises such as offices and shops. The result is the amount of heat per 1 sq. square meter, it is divided into 12 months.

After that, the resulting average monthly energy consumption is multiplied by the tariff approved by the local government. The resulting value must be multiplied by the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe apartment. Calculation example based on 2011 tariffs for Izhevsk. According to the general house meter, the total amount of thermal energy consumed in one year amounted to 990 gigacalories.

The total area of ​​all apartments in the house and common areas is 5500 meters. After the calculation, it turns out that during the year per 1 sq. meter spent 0.015 gigacalories per month. The resulting average monthly volume is multiplied by the cost of 1 gigacalorie of heat at the established rate. 943.60 (tariff) * 0.015 * 1.18 (VAT) = 16.70 rubles per 1 sq. meter of heated area.

The resulting value must be multiplied by the area of ​​\u200b\u200beach particular apartment. If, for example, it is 45 sq. meters, then the total monthly cost of heating will be 751.5 rubles per month. It is this figure that residents will see in their bills throughout the year, since it is not the amount of heat spent per month that is taken into account, but the average monthly consumption received at the end of the last year.

How is the payment for heating calculated according to these rules if a common house meter is not installed in the house? In this case, the standard is used - the amount of thermal energy required for heating. For each house it is determined separately, this information should be in the public domain for consumers. When contacting the management company, a tenant of an apartment building must receive all the information on how the payment for heat is calculated.

According to the rules of Decree No. 307, a recalculation must be carried out in the house every year. It takes into account the amount of heat consumed in the past year, and a new payment is calculated based on it.

If the numbers in the payment cause the owner to doubt and seem overpriced, he has the right to demand a recalculation. To do this, an application is written and sent to the management company, it must indicate the time for which it is necessary to recalculate. Public utilities do not have the right to refuse to apply, the answer is provided within 4 days. If, after recalculation, an overpayment is revealed, it must be deducted from the amount of the debt for next month.

Knowing the laws allows you to fight for your rights and seek justice. Regular increase in tariffs creates a serious burden on the family budget, so it is necessary to achieve fair accounting for heat losses.

You can find out how the payment for heating is calculated from the video:

Noticed an error? Select it and press Ctrl+Enter to let us know.

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Calculation of heating in an apartment building from 01/01/2017

AT recent times Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 dated 05/06/2011, which determines the procedure for calculating the amount of payment for utilities, including heating services, has been significantly amended.

This article will focus on current methods for calculating the amount of payment for heating in an apartment building in 2017.

It should be noted that the choice of methodology for calculating the size of the payment for heating now determines not only the presence or absence of common house and individual meters for heat energy in an apartment building, but also the period for calculating the amount of the payment.

This means that the payment for heating can be calculated during the heating season, i.e. when the service is actually provided, or throughout the year. equal amounts.

Also important is the method of supplying thermal energy to an apartment building, that is, in finished form through centralized networks or thermal energy is produced using equipment that is part of common property apartment building.

The calculation methods and examples presented below provide an explanation of the calculation of the amount of payment for heating for residential premises (apartments) located in multi-apartment buildings with centralized systems for supplying heat energy.

Options for calculating the amount of payment for heating:

Calculation No. 1 - There is no common house (collective) metering device in an apartment building

Calculation No. 2 - A common house (collective) metering device is installed on an apartment building, not all residential and non-residential premises are equipped with individual metering devices for thermal energy

Calculation No. 3 - A common building (collective) metering device is installed on an apartment building, all residential and non-residential premises are equipped with individual metering devices for thermal energy

Calculation No. 1

When calculating the amount of payment for heating, formula No. 2 of Appendix No. 2 of the Rules approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 06.05.2011 No. 354 is applied if:

→ the multi-apartment building does not have a common house heating meter, → the heating payment is calculated during the heating period.

Formula #2

Pi = Si x NT x TT,

An example of calculating the amount of payment for heating according to formula No. 2:

There is no common house heating meter installed on the house. Calculation of the payment for heating is made only during the heating period.

Initial data for calculation:

→ The total area of ​​your apartment is 45 square meters (m2); → The heating consumption standard for your region is set at 0.018 gigacalories per 1 square meter of total area;

→ The tariff for heat energy for your service provider is 1,950 rubles per 1 gigacalorie.

The amount of the heating fee for your apartment will be calculated as follows:

45 m2 x 0.018 Gkl x 1,950 rubles. = 1579.50 rubles.

According to formula No. 2, the heating fee for your apartment, when calculated during the heating period, will be - 1579.50 rubles.

When calculating the amount of payment for heating, formula No. 2 (1) of Appendix No. 2 of the Rules approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 06.05.2011 No. 354 is applied if:

→ there is no common building metering device for heating in the apartment building, → calculation of the amount of heating payment is made within calendar year(within 12 months).

Formula 2(1)

Pi = Si x (NT x K) x TT,

Si is the total area of ​​the dwelling (apartment);

NT - consumption standard public service for heating;

K - coefficient of frequency of payment by consumers for utility services for heating, equal to the number of months of the heating period, including incomplete ones;

TT - heat energy tariff set for your region and service provider.

It should be noted that according to the Government Decree of August 27, 2012 No. 857, the value of K - the coefficient of frequency of payments by consumers, is determined by dividing the number of months of the heating period in a year by the number of calendar months in a year. In this case, the calculation of payment for the utility service for heating is carried out in each billing period of the calendar year.

An example of calculating the amount of payment for heating according to the formula No. 2 (1):

There is no common house metering device for thermal energy (heating) in an apartment building. Calculation of the amount of payment for heating is made during the whole calendar year.

→ the total area of ​​your apartment is 45 square meters (m2); → the heating consumption standard for your region is set at 0.018 gigacalories per 1 square meter of total area; → the heat energy tariff for your region and service provider is 1,950 rubles per 1 gigacalorie;

→ the coefficient of periodicity of payment by consumers is 0.583 (that is, the number of months of the heating period in your region - 7 months must be divided by the number of months in a year - 12 months: 7 / 12 = 0.583).

45 m2 x (0.018 Gkl x 0.583) x 1,950 rubles. = 920.85 rubles.

According to formula No. 2 (1), the heating fee for your apartment during the entire calendar year will be 920.85 rubles per month.

Calculation No. 2

When calculating the amount of payment for heating, formula No. 3 of Appendix No. 2 of the Rules approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 06.05.2011 No. 354 is applied if:

Formula #3

VD - the volume (quantity) of thermal energy consumed according to the indications of a common house (collective) meter;

Si - total area of ​​your apartment;

TT - heat energy tariff set for your region and service provider.

An example of calculating the amount of payment for heating according to formula No. 3:

A communal heating meter is installed in the apartment building. There are no individual heating metering devices in all areas of the apartment building. Calculation of the payment for heating is made only during the heating season.

→ The amount of heat energy, determined according to the readings of the common house meter for January 2017, is 170 gigacalories; → The total area of ​​​​your apartment is 45 square meters (m2); → The total area of ​​\u200b\u200bresidential and non-residential premises located in the house is 7,100 square meters ;

→ The heat energy tariff set for your region and service provider is 1950 rubles per 1 gigacalorie.

The heating fee for your apartment will be calculated in next order:

170 Gkl x 45 m2 / 7100 m2 x 1950 rubles = 2101.06 rubles

According to formula No. 3, the heating fee for your apartment for January 2017 will be - 2101.06 rubles.

When calculating the amount of payment for heating, formula No. 3 (1) of Appendix No. 2 of the Rules approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 06.05.2011 No. 354 is applied if:

→ a common building meter for heating is installed in an apartment building, → not all residential and non-residential premises are equipped with individual metering devices for heat energy,

Formula #3(1)

Pi = Si x VT x TT

Si - total area of ​​your apartment;

VT is the average monthly volume of thermal energy consumed for heating needs in the previous year. This volume is calculated based on the readings of the common house metering device with which the apartment building is equipped, the number of months in a year and the total area of ​​\u200b\u200ball residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building;

TT - heat energy tariff set for your region and service provider.

An example of calculating the amount of payment for heating according to the formula No. 3 (1):

A common house metering device for thermal energy (heating) is installed on your house. Individual metering devices for thermal energy are not installed in all premises of an apartment building. Calculation of the amount of payment for heating is made only during the whole calendar year.

→ The amount of heat energy determined according to the readings of the general house meter for 2016 is 750 gigacalories; → The total area of ​​​​residential and non-residential premises located in the house is 6,000 square meters; → The total area of ​​\u200b\u200byour apartment is 62 square meters;

The heating fee for your apartment will be calculated in the following order:

First of all, the average monthly volume of thermal energy for the previous year is calculated:

750 Gkl / 12 months / 6000 m2 = 0.011 Gkl.

Then the monthly heating fee in 2017 is calculated:

62 m2 x 0.011 x 1600 = 1091.20 rubles.

Thus, the heating fee for your apartment on a monthly basis during 2017 will be - 1091.20 rubles.

It should be noted that when calculating the amount of the fee in this way, that is, using the average monthly readings of the common house meter for the previous year, in the first quarter of the year following the calculated one, it is necessary to adjust the amount of the fee.

This means that in the first quarter of 2018 you will be charged or charged additional fees depending on the actual readings of the common house meter for 2017.

In this case, the amount of the fee is adjusted according to the formula No. 3 (2):

Formula #3(2)

Pkipr - the amount of payment for the utility service for heating, determined on the basis of the readings of the collective (common house) meter installed in an apartment building for the past year;

Si - total area of ​​your apartment;

Sob - the total area of ​​all residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building;

Pfn.i- overall size utility bills for heating in your apartment for the past year.

Adjustment calculation example:

→ The amount of heat energy determined by the readings of the common house meter for 2017 is 850 gigacalories. → The total area of ​​residential and non-residential premises located in the house is 6,000 square meters. → The total area of ​​​​your apartment is 62 square meters. thermal energy, set for your region and service provider, is 1600 rubles per 1 gigacalorie.

→ The amount of payment for heating for the previous year for your apartment is 1091.20 rubles. x 12 months = 13094.40 rubles.

850 Gkl x 1600 rub. = 1,360,000 rubles. - the amount of payment for heating in your house for the whole of 2017 according to the readings of the common house meter.

1,360,000 x 62 / 6000 - 13,094.40 rubles. = 958.93 rubles.

So the amount of 958.93 rubles. is subject to additional accrual for your apartment in the first quarter of 2018, since the actually accrued amount for 2017 is less than the amount of the fee determined according to the readings of the common house meter.

It is worth noting that if the total amount of the fee determined according to the actual readings of the common house metering device is less than what was charged to you during the billing year, then in the first quarter of the month following the billing year you will have to make a deduction for this service, that is, reduce the amount of the fee .

For example, with all the same indicators in the example above, we will only change the amount of the fee for 2017 based on the readings of the common house meter. It will be equal to 700 Gcl.

Then the board size adjustment will look like this:

700 Gkl x 1600 rub. = 1,120,000 rubles. - the amount of payment for heating in your house for the whole of 2017 according to the readings of the common house meter.

RUB 1,120,000 x 62 m2 / 6000 m2 - 13,094.40 rubles. = - 1521.07 rubles.

The amount to reduce the fee according to the adjustment for your apartment will be 1521.07 rubles.

Calculation No. 3

→ calculation of the amount of payment for heating is made during the heating period.

Formula #3(3)

Vin - the volume (quantity) of thermal energy consumed in your apartment during the billing period, determined according to the readings of an individual or general (apartment) meter.

Vd - the volume (quantity) of thermal energy consumed during the billing period in an apartment building, determined according to the readings of the collective (common house) metering device,

Si - total area of ​​your apartment;

Sob - the total area of ​​all residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building;

A common house metering device for thermal energy (heating) is installed on your house. Individual metering devices for thermal energy are installed in all areas of the apartment building. The payment for heating is calculated during the heating period.

→ The amount of thermal energy consumed in your apartment in January 2017 is 1.2 Gkl. premises for January 2017 is 53 Gkl, according to the readings of individual meters. → The total area of ​​​​residential and non-residential premises located in the house is 6,000 square meters. → The total area of ​​\u200b\u200byour apartment is 62 square meters.

→ The tariff for thermal energy set for your region and service provider is 1600 rubles per 1 gigacalorie.

The heating fee for your apartment for January 2017 will be calculated in the following order:

65 Gcl - 53 Gcl = 12 Gcl.

Then the heating fee in January 2017 is calculated for your apartment:

(1.2 Gkl + 12 Gkl x 62 m2 / 6000 m2) x 1600 rubles. = 2118.40 rubles.

Thus, the heating fee for your apartment for January 2017 will be - 2118.40 rubles.

When calculating the amount of payment for heating, formula No. 3 (3) of Appendix No. 2 of the Rules approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 06.05.2011 No. 354 is applied if:

→ a common building metering device for heating is installed on an apartment building, → all residential and non-residential premises are equipped with individual metering devices for thermal energy,

→ calculation of the amount of payment for heating is made within a calendar year (12 months).

Formula #3(3)

Vin - the volume (quantity) of thermal energy consumed in your apartment during the billing period, determined on the basis of the average monthly readings of your individual or general (apartment) metering device for the previous year.

Vione - the volume (quantity) of thermal energy provided for the billing period to an apartment building equipped with a collective (general house) heat energy meter, with the exception of the volume (quantity) of thermal energy consumed in all residential or non-residential premises in an apartment building, which is determined by formula:

Vd - the volume (quantity) of thermal energy consumed during the billing period in an apartment building, determined on the basis of the average monthly readings of the collective (common house) metering device, for the previous year;

Si - total area of ​​your apartment;

Sob - the total area of ​​all residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building;

TT - tariff for thermal energy, established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

An example of calculating the amount of payment for heating according to the formula No. 3 (3):

A common house metering device for thermal energy (heating) is installed on your house. Individual metering devices for thermal energy are installed in all areas of the apartment building. Calculation of the amount of payment for heating is made during the whole calendar year.

→ The amount of heat energy consumed in your apartment based on the average monthly readings of your individual metering device for the previous year is 0.7 Gkl.; → The amount of heat energy determined from the average monthly readings of a common house metering device for the previous year is 44 gigacalories; → The amount of heat energy , consumed in all residential and non-residential premises is 40 Gcl, based on the average monthly readings of individual metering devices for the previous year; → The total area of ​​​​residential and non-residential premises located in the house is 6,000 square meters. → The total area of ​​\u200b\u200byour apartment is 62 square meters ;

→ The tariff for thermal energy set for your region and service provider is 1600 rubles per 1 gigacalorie.

The payment for heating in your apartment on a monthly basis throughout the calendar year will be calculated in the following order:

First of all, the amount of heat energy provided for the billing period to the apartment building is calculated, with the exception of the amount of heat energy consumed in all residential or non-residential premises in the apartment building, that is, the value -

44 Gcl - 40 Gcl = 4 Gcl.

Then the monthly heating fee for your apartment is calculated:

(0.7 Gkl + 4 Gkl x 62 m2 / 6000 m2) x 1600 rubles. = 1186.13 rubles.

Thus, the payment for heating in your apartment on a monthly basis during the entire billing year will be - 1186.13 rubles.

It should be noted that when calculating the amount of the fee in this way, that is, using the average monthly readings of the general house and individual metering devices for the previous year, in the first quarter of the year following the calculated one, it is necessary to adjust the amount of the fee.

This means that, for example, in the first quarter of 2018, you will be charged or charged additional fees depending on the actual readings of the general house and individual metering devices for 2017.

In this case, the amount of the fee is adjusted according to formula No. 3 (4) based on:

• The amount of the fee based on the actual readings of the general house and individual metering devices for the billing year;
• The amount of the fee based on the average monthly volume of general house and individual metering devices, calculated for the year.

Formula #3(4)

Pi = Рkpi - Рnpi,

Pkpi - the amount of payment for heat energy consumed in your apartment over the past year, determined by formula 3(3) based on the readings of your individual or common (apartment) meter and the readings of the collective (general building) heat energy meter.

Pnpi - the amount of payment for heat energy accrued for the past year for your apartment, determined by formula 3(3) based on the average monthly volume of heat energy consumption for the previous year.

Adjustment Calculation Example

→ The amount of payment for heat energy consumed in your apartment, based on the actual readings of individual and general house (collective) meters for the year, is 14,000 rubles;

→ The amount of payment for heat energy consumed in your apartment based on the average monthly readings of individual and common house (collective) meters for the year is 13,000 rubles.

The calculation of the size of the adjustment will look like this:

14 000 rub. - 13,000 rubles. = 1,000 rubles.

So the amount of 1,000 rubles. is subject to additional accrual for your apartment in the first quarter of 2018, since the actually accrued amount for 2017 is less than the amount of the fee determined according to the readings of individual and common house meters.

It is worth noting that if the total amount of the fee determined according to the actual readings of individual and general house meters is less than what was charged to you during the billing year, then in the first quarter of the month following the billing year you will have to make a deduction for this service, that is, reduce board size.

Any owner of a city apartment at least once was surprised at the figures on the receipt for heating. It is often not clear on what basis we are charged for heating and why often the residents of a neighboring house pay much less. However, the figures are not taken from nowhere: there is a norm for the consumption of thermal energy for heating, and it is on its basis that the final amounts are formed, taking into account the approved tariffs. How to deal with this complex system?

Where do regulations come from?

The norms for heating residential premises, as well as the norms for the consumption of any utility service, whether it be heating, water supply, etc., are a relatively constant value. They are accepted by the local authorized body with the participation of resource supplying organizations and remain unchanged for three years.

To put it more simply, the company supplying heat to this region supplies local authorities authorities documents substantiating the new regulations. During the discussion, they are accepted or rejected at meetings of the city council. After that, the consumed heat is recalculated, and the tariffs for which consumers will pay are approved.

The norms for the consumption of thermal energy for heating are calculated based on the climatic conditions of the region, the type of house, the material of the walls and roof, the deterioration of utility networks and other indicators. The result is the amount of energy that has to be spent on heating 1 square of living space in this building. This is the norm.

The generally accepted unit of measurement is Gcal/sq. m - gigacalorie per square meter. The main parameter is the average ambient temperature in cold period. Theoretically, this means that if the winter was warm, then you will have to pay less for heating. However, in practice this usually does not work out.

What should be the normal temperature in the apartment?

The standards for heating an apartment are calculated taking into account the fact that the residential premises must be maintained comfortable temperature. Its approximate values ​​are:

• In the living room optimum temperature is from 20 to 22 degrees;
• Kitchen - temperature from 19 to 21 degrees;
• Bathroom - from 24 to 26 degrees;
• Toilet - temperature from 19 to 21 degrees;
• Corridor - from 18 to 20 degrees.

If in winter time in your apartment the temperature is below the indicated values, which means that your house receives less heat than prescribed by the norms for heating. As a rule, in such situations, worn-out city heating systems are to blame, when precious energy is wasted into the air. However, the heating norm in the apartment is not met, and you have the right to complain and demand recalculation.

Homeowners regularly receive bills for the centralized heat supply of high-rise buildings. Receipts contain two items that require payment:

• heating of the living space itself;
• heat supply of entrances, stairs and platforms, corridors.

Calculation of payment for heating an apartment building

This value depends on the availability of a common house heat energy meter. If there is no heat meter, then the hot water consumption is charged in accordance with the standards approved by the decree of the authorized authority. The price printed on the receipt is the final result shown on the payment document. The increasing heat metering factor without heat consumption control devices is not applied, since it has been canceled since March 14, 2017 by the relevant document.

Important! The accrual of housing and communal services in Russia and Ukraine is somewhat different, the above methods of monetary relationships between consumers and representatives of the public utility sector are intended for residents of the Russian Federation.

The payment for heating an apartment is calculated as the product of three multipliers:

• the total area of ​​the dwelling;
• normative consumption of heat energy;
• tariff plan for a single locality.

Calculation for heating according to a common house metering device is definitely more profitable than paying for heat supply according to standard indicators. However, losses Money from the family budget remain overestimated, since the consumed heat contains extraneous heat losses.

Control of heat consumption of a multi-storey building

Legislatively, two possible calculations of utilities for heating are allowed:

• can be calculated based on the data of the ODPU;
• calculated according to the individual heat controller.

The first option: only a common house accounting device is installed. In this case, the amount of the fee is determined on the basis of the readings of the device, which are distributed among consumers according to the square meters in use. This method does not allow you to effectively reduce family budget spending, since general house readings contain additional heat losses due to:

• insufficient insulation of public heated areas of high-rise buildings;
• the presence of poorly insulated apartments with old window frames or a corner location.

The management company may offer to pay for the services provided as follows:

• control of heat costs is carried out only in the heated period;
• evenly distributed over all months.

The second option is to insert a personal device connected to a centralized heating system. In this case, the cost of a communal apartment will decrease by approximately 25-30% compared to receipts according to the data of a common house measuring unit.

It should be noted that the supplier company may refuse to allow reporting using personal measuring equipment if not all places of the residential building are equipped with them. Failure can be caused by the fact that the heating equipment has not passed the sealing procedure.


If there is a separate apartment measuring unit, the calculation of the payment for heating according to the metering device will consist of the actual readings of the measuring device and the share of the tenant in relation to heat consumption by public places of a multi-storey building.

Housing and communal services formulas for calculating the cost of heating

For calculations, quite a large number of simple formulas, the use of which is due to a number of factors:

• the presence of a centralized or local heating system - modern new buildings often have built-in or rooftop boilers;
• the presence in the house of an installed public means of heat metering;
• whether or not residential and non-residential premises are equipped with separate heat measuring devices;
• accrual type: only in winter time or equal parts monthly.

Below is a detailed discussion of how to pay for heating on a meter and without it.

Important! The payment rate should be determined in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of 05/06/2011 "On the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings" (as amended on 09/09/2017).

Rules for the mathematical determination of the cost of heat consumption in the absence of energy appliances

If the accrual occurs only during the cold season, then the payment for heating during the heating period is determined as the product of multipliers:

• the size of your housing according to the registration certificate, m2;
• recommended consumption rate, Gcal/m2;
• tariff plan, rub/Gcal.

The tariff rate is determined by authorized government bodies for each specific region.

If funds are written off evenly, regardless of the location of the street thermometer, then the determination of the amount charged looks like the product of the following indicators:

• square footage of your property according to the registration certificate, m2;
• heat energy consumption standard, Gcal/m2;
• periodicity coefficient;
• tariff of the supplied service, rub/Gcal.

The periodicity coefficient is calculated:

K = N/12

Where K is the determined coefficient;

12 - the number of calendar months;

N is the duration of the heating season, months.

In the case when the MKD is equipped with a collective heat meter, and the heated areas of the housing sector are partially equipped with individual nodes heat metering, accrual of payment can be made or in the period between autumn and spring it can be carried out in equal parts, distributed over 12 calendar months.

The first calculation option is based on the following information:

• the volume of hot liquid consumed according to the public accounting device;
• square meters occupied by your living space;
• the total area of ​​residential and non-residential rooms and public places;
• the amount of the declared tariff.

The calculation formula looks like:

P \u003d V * S / S k * T

where P is the calculated heat supply price, rub;

V - the amount of hot water supplied according to the general house control device;

S - the area of ​​\u200b\u200byour apartment, determined by the data sheet;

S k - the total quadrature of all sections of a multi-storey building, regardless of purpose;

T - the tariff for thermal energy declared by the supplier.


If the managing organization makes uniform monthly calculations, then the amount that is paid when using the coolant is considered as a product of the following indicators:

• average monthly value of heat consumption for the previous 12 months;
• quadrature of housing, determined by the accompanying technical documentation;
• tariff size.

Important! The average monthly volume of thermal energy is determined on the basis of a set of measurements taken by the collective heat meter, distributed over the number of months in proportion to the square meters occupied by apartments and common areas.

With this procedure for calculating the cost of service in the first quarter of the current year, the amount of the paid amount is adjusted up or down according to the formula:

R cor \u003d R * S / S k - R kv

where R kv - accruals that you need to pay for providing you with utility services over the past 12 months.

How is it calculated for an apartment with an individual accounting device

The payment for heat energy of an apartment building with individual meters connected in all rooms can be calculated in two ways: during the cold season only or all year round in equal shares.

The calculation of the cost of a communal apartment for a heated period is based on the following data:

• heat consumption obtained from measurements of an individual meter;
• the collective level of consumption minus the integrated supply of heat energy to all places equipped with separate heat metering units;
• the number of square meters of living space indicated in accordance with the technical documentation;
• the total area of ​​all premises of an apartment building, regardless of their use;
• normalized tariff for heat carrier costs.

P \u003d (V i + V 1 * S / S k) * T

where V i is the flow rate shown by the personal heat meter;

V 1 - coolant costs for the billing period according to the indicators of the collective heat meter minus the total amount of energy supplied to all rooms equipped with separate heat metering devices:

V 1 =V-∑Vi

Calculation of the payment for heating accrued throughout the calendar year:

P \u003d (V i + V * S / S k) * T

where V i is the average monthly consumption of heat supplied according to the measurements of the apartment heat meter.

If housing and communal relations are carried out on the basis of last year's average monthly readings of the general house and personal heat meters, in the first quarter of the current year, the payment amount must be adjusted upward or downward.

The adjustment is defined as the difference between:

• the size of the price determined on the basis of actual measurements of the complex and apartment heat meters for the billing year
• the cost calculated on the basis of average monthly deliveries of heat energy shown by general house and apartment equipment for the year.

How to reduce payments for the use of coolant

The amount accrued by the management company, in the absence of any metering devices for the consumption of thermal energy, can cause serious damage family budget. It is possible to reduce your monthly expenses. The solution to the problem is to insert into one heating system the pipelines of a common house meter and install personal measuring elements. Connecting equipment will reduce costs by about 30%. However, the payback can be several years.

Important! In new houses, the installation of heating meters in the apartment is carried out immediately, at the stage of construction. In this case, only one thing is required from the owners of living space - to issue their sealing, after which they are guaranteed a reduced cost of heat consumption.

According to the requirements of Federal legislation, consumers have the right to orderly demand from the management company the installation of a collective means of controlling heat consumption. To connect a personal measuring device and get permission to pay according to its indications, you will have to “wrestle” with the heat supply organization.

A reduction in the amount indicated in the housing and communal services receipt is possible after the completion of work aimed at high-quality insulation housing. The exclusion of extraneous heat losses will significantly reduce the coolant consumption. Home insulation work will not bring the desired economic result if an apartment heat meter is not installed.

The reason for the overpayment may be too hot radiators. The problem of excessive heating is solved by installing thermostats on batteries, with which you can reduce or increase the flow of coolant, thereby regulating the air temperature in the room. This issue is especially relevant for buildings with vertical piping, since hot water, rising from the bottom up, gradually cools down. The result is hot radiators on the first floors and moderately warm ones on the upper floors.

Important! A radical solution to the problem of prohibitive heating bills is to switch to alternative heating methods. One of them is the presence of its own boiler room. Most often, the boiler room is equipped on the roof. In the modern construction boom in Russia, organizations have appeared that combine the functions of a developer and representatives of housing and communal services. They are responsible for the construction and further operation of the building, including the operation of boiler equipment.

Other possible way space heating is the use of stationary convectors that use electricity or gas fuel. In this case, complete independence from the centralized heat supply system is ensured, but payments increase according to the readings of the electric meter. This saving option is common abroad, especially in the United States of America.

Why do we pay for heat supply in the ENP in summer

Single payment document(EPD) contains accounts of various sectors of the housing sector, including utility costs for the use of heat in the summer. Tenants have a reasonable question - why do I pay for heat supply in summer, while the heating season is within autumn-spring.

The legislation of the Russian Federation allows the collection of payments for heat supply in two ways:

• in equal monthly installments;
• only in winter time.

Most often, management companies use the first method, as it allows you to evenly “smear” the monthly payment amount. When accruing in the second way, the costs of the household budget during the heating season will increase significantly, and the rest of the time they will not be charged.

You can not blindly trust the amounts prescribed in the receipt. If there are any doubts about the integrity of the housing and communal services representatives, it is best to make independent simple calculations using a calculator according to the above calculation methods. If there is a discrepancy, contact the utility company with a request to issue an invoice again.