Layout in a wooden house. Layout of a wooden house: purpose, dimensions and general design concepts

credit: Olivier Mathiotte
French firm Studiolada Architects has just unveiled open source affordable wooden house plan. And this means that now anyone can independently build exactly the same house for himself, since his plan and all the drawings are publicly available and posted on the Internet in the public domain. In this project, Studiolada architects skillfully combine frugality, comfort, reliability and beautiful modern design. In order to make the house cheaper, the team decided to ditch the bricks, plaster and paint in favor of local sustainable wood. Almost everything in this house is made of wood, both outside and in its interior.

Affordable open source home

Located in Baccarat, France, this cheap open source home was built for an elderly couple who wanted to create the most economical and energy efficient home for themselves. Its area is just over 112 sq.m., in addition, next to the house there is a compact garage for two cars, built in the same style as the house. In this project, the architects got rid of the classic design and instead they strategically chose to use a combination of simple foundations to create a stunning design.

credit: Olivier Mathiotte
The use of wood paneling as the main building material reduced the overall cost of the project, and all the wood beams and wall panels were cut and varnished at a nearby workshop. Ready-mixed concrete was used in minimal quantities only as a base for support beams, which were then sheathed with wood paneling. In fact, wood covers almost everything in a home, from walls and floors to ceilings and partitions. And to insulate the house, sustainable materials such as cellulose wadding and wood fibers were used.

credit: Olivier Mathiotte
By keeping the wood panels exposed instead of covering them with plaster and paint, the design team achieved a clean, minimalist interior that is both homey and inviting. The open floor plan includes the living room, kitchen and mezzanine located on the first floor, while the bedrooms and bathroom are located on the second floor. The living room opens onto a spacious terrace into a private courtyard. The large, full-wall glass panels of the house provide optimal amounts of natural light to the interior, while also connecting the house to its natural surroundings.

credit: Olivier Mathiotte

credit: Olivier Mathiotte
credit: Olivier Mathiotte

Buildings made of wood are always popular. They attract not only with the material of construction, but also with ample opportunities for implementing ideas, the whims of their owners. After all, almost every craftsman can build such a dwelling with his own hands. He can lay the foundation, raise the walls, finish, as well as the general layout of a wooden house.

Layouts of two floors of a cottage from a bar 10 by 10

Perhaps, when developing it, he will not be able to professionally.
Then he will try to draw all the elements, details, schemes that such projects require. And if it is, then the construction of such, even with, will not take so much time.

Design

There is an opinion that wooden dwellings look like outdated village buildings. This is not so, it is enough to turn to the Internet. Various drawings are published there, drawings of very beautiful houses made of wood beams, as well as no less attractive ones made of processed logs. Specialized construction companies offer them to everyone. And any user can download them, moreover, completely free of charge.

On the World Wide Web, it is easy to find a variety of ready-made ones, the implementation of which is possible with your own hands.

Layout option for a wooden cottage measuring 6 × 9 meters

They are also easy to download for every user. Published drawings can inspire great ideas and. In order not to lose the original ideas, they should be captured: describe or, if possible, draw the ways, methods, schemes for their implementation.

Before building a house with your own hands, it is important to consider the following questions:

• About the money that will be spent on building a house;
• On the availability, availability for sale of building materials, such as, for example, lumber from a log or glued laminated timber;
• On the possibility of their unhindered delivery to the construction site.

Detailed layout of a 6×6 wooden house with a veranda

Therefore, when considering suitable projects on the Internet that accompany detailed drawings, do not rush to download them. They are presented very beautifully for advertising purposes, but often do not reflect engineering solutions.

Read also

Photo layout of houses

Here it is important to compare their practical implementation with their financial and technical capabilities. As they say, drawing is easy, building is difficult.

building materials

Most often, wooden houses are built:

• From the rounded log;
• From ordinary, profiled or glued timber.

Since ancient times, buildings in the villages were erected from ordinary unprocessed logs - round timber. Since it is resinous, the peasant dwelling was saturated with bactericidal substances and an amazing woody aroma. Mandatory in such a house was an oven in which hot food was cooked.

Households tried to draw colorful patterns on its walls. To heat all the rooms, it was supplemented by a small stove - a cut-in. The technology of building such dwellings is a thing of the past.

Now the raw wood is practically not for sale. After processing, it takes the form of a bar or a rounded log. This building material is highly durable, environmentally friendly and has excellent heat saving characteristics.

Project with layouts of a two-story cottage 6 × 8 from a bar

He has a natural, natural pattern, which is almost impossible to draw, repeating his natural attractiveness. The cross-sectional drawing of a rounded log is an ideal circle, the size of which is the same along its entire standard length. It is simply impossible to get such lumber with your own hands without the appropriate equipment.

The quality of glued beams, as well as logs, is very high. The walls of buildings made of these building materials look great. In addition, they are less susceptible to shrinkage, which is inevitable during the first years of operation.

However, each has its own characteristics. Lumber from a bar is a monolith of pressed and glued boards. One side of it can be D-shaped. Then the building looks as if round logs were used for its construction.

Layout of a cottage from a bar 8 × 10

The easiest. This square lumber has landing cups and grooves, which are prepared with high precision on a milling machine of a special sawmill. Thanks to this, the assembly of the building is easy and fast. The drawing of his profile is a rectangular figure with a spike and a groove. They are necessary for fitting, fastening the beams in a single system of log crowns. This is a technological innovation in the construction industry.

Based on many years of experience in the design and construction of low-rise individual residential buildings, it is possible to formulate the basic principles for planning an optimal house.

The house begins with a porch. Of course, you can opt for an ordinary door and do nothing special in your cottage. But almost any layout of the house implies that the entrance will be decorated in some special way. Therefore, the porch is rather a necessity. Of course, that over it you need to make a canopy. Then you can, for example, on a rainy summer day, put an armchair there and breathe fresh air without risking getting wet and getting sick. Moreover, a convenient driveway should lead to the porch, and so that the car can stand sideways, with the door to the entrance. Then even in the most severe weather you will have the opportunity to get into your personal transport directly from home.

The entrance group consists of a vestibule and a hallway with a dressing room. Immediately outside the door begins what is usually called the hallway in village houses. In a more modern language, this room can be designated as a transitional compartment (tambour). It was created so that the door from the street does not open directly into the house, so as not to let in cold in winter and heat in summer. This is a kind of buffer. A good layout of the house necessarily implies its presence. Among other things, this room can be given some functionality, for example, by making it a place to store sports equipment such as sleds, skis or bicycles. The main thing is not to go too far and prevent “littering”. Following the vestibule is the hallway. Everything is standard here - hangers, cabinets, mirrors.

The number of residential levels is two: the first floor and the second attic (maybe the basement).

Staircase Most often, from the hallway there is a staircase to the upper floors of the house, where the living rooms of family members and rooms that are similar in function are located.

The cottage involves a rational layout and the allocation of personal and family areas. According to sanitary standards, optimally comfortable conditions are provided if there is at least 30 square meters per person. m, but taking into account the psychological component, a person needs 40-50 square meters. meters.

Floor zoning of premises. The number of living rooms is determined by the formula: n + 1, where n is the number of residents, and 1 is a common room.

The first floor is the daytime area for the family. There is a maximum of functional premises here. It is necessary to provide places for receiving guests (living room), a spacious kitchen and an adjacent dining room, a guest room (guest bedroom), possibly a winter garden, as well as a comfortable bathroom. The entrance to the living room and dining room is best done directly from the hallway. But the kitchen is separated from the hallway so that the whole house is not saturated with smells through it. If there is space, it is better to separate the rooms in which you cook and in which you eat. In principle, the dining room, with limited space, combines very well with the living room. Then you can put both the piano and the TV there. Although, if there is such an opportunity, it is better to separate them in space too. Minimum walk-through areas and corridors.

The second floor is a zone of rest and silence, where several bedrooms, one more bathroom, balconies and exits to the terrace are arranged. There should be more bedrooms than family members. Children tend to grow up and no longer want to share a room with a brother or sister, as in childhood. Yes, and you can receive guests with great pleasure, if they have a place to sleep.

Auxiliary premises What other premises do we have? Offices and a library, which are not uncommon in large houses. These rooms require rest in order to be able to concentrate. Therefore, you can place them on the first floor only if you are sure of absolute peace. If not, then the office can be made adjacent to your bedroom, so that you can move from one room to another at any time, and the library can be placed on the second floor, as it were, in the middle, between the rooms of parents and children, or between family rooms and guest bedrooms. The library will then be a kind of dividing line where two worlds will meet. If you want to make a gym in your country house, then it is just better to determine it on the first floor according to the layout. Where you can make some noise without fear of disturbing anyone. If your house is large enough and the layout allows you to make something like a balcony or terrace on the second floor, then it will be just wonderful. Then in the morning you can go out into the air, without leaving the room, to say hello to the world. On such a balcony you can sit, read, do gymnastics, but you never know what!

The basement floor can also be used - as an economic zone (workshop, laundry) or entertainment (billiard room, sauna, etc.). The boiler room is located separately from the house or in the basement, and if it is not, then on the ground floor, and has its own exit to the site. The garage space should be separated from the living quarters as much as possible. From the garage there should be an exit to the site and an entrance to the boiler room or hallway of the house.

The market for the construction of wooden houses is absolutely amazing, it is growing steadily by 20-30% annually. Wood is more environmentally friendly, cheaper and more practical than bricks and other materials. And modern mordants and other preparations allow you to remove all the imperfections of the tree. We offer a business plan for a company for the production and construction of wooden houses.

Potential clients

The main buyers of suburban wooden houses are families with a monthly income of $7,000 or more. At the same time, the majority acquire suburban housing for permanent residence or as a seasonal residence. These are top managers of medium and large companies, entrepreneurs, as well as senior officials and representatives of the show industry and sports

Another advantage of wooden houses is the speed of their construction. Depending on the technology and material from which wooden housing is built, it is possible to drive out a box in two to three months, on a turnkey basis - in four to six months. But today more and more Ukrainians are building on a turnkey basis. The fact is that the market is full of negligent builders. Driving a box without windows and doors is easy enough. But to carry out finishing work is an additional problem.

Therefore, potential customers of wooden houses give preference to builders who are ready to shoulder the whole range of work: from laying the foundation to installing plumbing. Naturally, construction companies subcontract some of the work, for example, supplying water, electricity, etc. Performing additional work brings them up to 30% of income. At the same time, some builders keep interior designers, landscape designers on staff, and even produce wooden outdoor and indoor furniture.

Format selection

Most woodworking companies are small businesses that include construction teams, designers, and account managers. The work is facilitated by the availability of ready-made standard projects, in which it is enough just to make changes for a specific customer. As a rule, these firms cooperate with forestries or have their own production sites, where they are engaged in the production of sawn timber and the manufacture of ready-made kits for assembling log cabins.

Wooden houses today are produced using three main technologies and materials: panel, or panel, frame and massive. The most expensive category of houses is made of solid wood. Log cabins cost more than 150 thousand dollars. But in Russia, it is the array that is in the greatest demand - the customers of which are wealthy people who get out of the city to nature.

Logs are best suited for the construction of suburban housing - unlike other building materials, they "breathe". Thus, the humidity inside the log house is maintained at an optimal level by itself, without special equipment for air conditioning. In addition, a log wall has many times better thermal insulation than brick or concrete.

The most expensive technology is manual tes. With manual cutting, the diameter of the logs reaches half a meter. The log is cleaned from the bark by hand. Manual tes is classified as elite technology, and the cost of erecting 1 sq. m costs about $ 1 thousand, the construction of 1 sq. m. costs the same. m brick house.

Profitability, market, working capital

According to some experts, the profitability of wooden construction is at the level of 40-70%, and for individual projects it can reach 80-90%. However, the cost of a house, and, accordingly, the earnings of builders depend on a lot of factors: the type of wood, the diameter of the timber and the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house. In Ukraine, as a rule, they use pine, Carpathian smereka, leaf-crown. The most optimal choice in terms of price-quality ratio is pine, larch is about 40-50% more expensive. The larger the diameter of the beam, the higher the price of the finished structure. For the construction of a wooden house in Ukrainian climatic conditions, it is best to choose rounded timber with a diameter of 200-220. The shape of the beam section also affects the cost of the project - a square section will increase the cost by about 5%. As for the area, the larger the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe future house, the cheaper the construction of each square meter.

A company cannot do without working capital. The fact is that if you accepted an order for the construction of a turnkey house in June, then by September you will definitely build a box. But during this time, the cost of finishing materials can jump by 10-20%. Therefore, it is better to immediately purchase the entire range of materials agreed with the customer.

Licensing

To organize your own production of wooden houses, you need to get a registration, get a construction license. The initial investment in production will be approximately $100,000. The money will be used to rent premises, purchase office equipment, pay staff, create a website, and advertise. According to experts, the emphasis should be on online advertising, since about 70% of customers come from the Web. Outdoor advertising gives a good return: streamers, billboards.

Advertising and competition

An exhibition house-sample could also serve as a good advertisement. Every second customer expresses a desire to see the house. This is despite the fact that from five to twenty calls are received per day. The ideal advertisement is to build a wooden house and equip your company's office in it.

The most effective channel for promoting wood construction is the Internet. 9 out of 10 customers come from contextual advertising. Moreover, the geography of orders is quite extensive. These are Moscow, Volgograd, Sochi, Gelendzhik, in other words - million-plus cities, a sanatorium-resort zone and the Black Sea coast.

In general, according to entrepreneurs, there are more than enough customers. On the other hand, there are also many companies on the market, and their number is constantly growing. After all, the profitability of this business is within 30-40%. As for competition, this segment is characterized not so much by price competition as by competition for raw materials and personnel. If earlier it was difficult to find an order, now it is a forest. The way out for companies that do not have their own raw materials may be the opening of a representative office of the company in the "forest region".

Office and staff

As for the location of the office, there is no consensus here. Someone insists that the office should be in the city center so that everyone can easily get there. And there should be parking nearby. At the same time, their opponents believe that the customer will come anywhere if the prices and quality of services suit him.

The staff of the construction company consists of an office manager who answers calls, account managers (two or three people) who constantly maintain contact with the customer, an architect, as well as specialists from the sales and logistics department.

Own production

Another question that everyone decides in their own way is whether you need your own production? On the one hand, own production facilities can be seen as a competitive advantage. On the other hand, the initial costs will increase to $300-500 thousand.

Own production requires additional costs for the arrangement of a sawmill, carpentry workshops, a wood splicing workshop, a drying complex, etc. Moreover, you can load your own production with your orders by no more than 50%. The rest of the time it will either be idle, or it must be loaded by third-party orders. And these are additional problems that are beyond the power of a start-up company.

prospects

According to experts, the market of wooden houses has a great future. Despite the fact that brick housing construction will continue to occupy about 95% of the market, the popularity of wooden houses will grow. In the world, about 80% of the housing stock is made up of wooden buildings. The volume of the low-rise construction market in Russia is estimated at 5-6 billion dollars. The share of wooden housing construction reaches 27-30% ($2-3 billion).

The plan of a wooden house and the area where it will be located are intertwined like fingers in a "castle". Before you start thinking about the project of your future home, you need to research your site well. This is not so relevant for construction in the so-called private sectors, where houses are placed literally on top of each other. But if you have chosen a picturesque piece of wildlife somewhere outside the city, you cannot do without a detailed analysis of the site. A good option is to go on a picnic, taking a camera, wooden pegs and a tape measure with you. Mark your site and look around. The view will probably be the main factor in the layout of the house, think about each room: what you want to see from the window. Will the living room window overlook the lake? Is it better to place the bedroom with a view of the forest or the field? Determine where is west and east. This is important if you want to wake up with the rays of the morning sun and enjoy the sunset on the veranda in the evening. And do not forget about the guests, they are unlikely to like the view of the neighbor's garage from their bedroom window.

Your imagination is an indispensable tool in planning future wooden house but don't forget pencil and paper. You don't have to be an artist to sketch on paper how the rooms will be laid out. After that, imagine that you are walking around the house. Is the kitchen and dining area close enough? Is the laundry area convenient? Is the bedroom removed from possible sources of noise? Think about the flow of traffic in the house. Each wooden house has its own trajectories of movement. A narrow hallway leading to the bedroom, or your plan calls for circling, making the living space more interesting.

Design a wooden house according to your activities and leisure activities. If you're back from a ski run, is there a place to sit down and take off your skis safely? Or where will the shower be located to wash off the sand when you return from the beach?

Some architects advise you to use one of the computer programs (for example, arhicad), with which you can create a model of the house according to your plan and walk through the rooms.

When designing a wooden house, do not forget about the future. If you dream of adding to the family, you will need more space. The basement and attic can be organized in such a way that, if necessary, in the future it is easy to convert them into rooms. Take care of the required angle of the roof over the unfinished attic, bring water and sewer to the basement - this will add to the cost building a house, but it will save more money when you convert the premises prepared in this way into rooms (this will be cheaper than an extension).

And be mindful of the opportunity to sell: don't be overly eccentric. You might love taking a hot bath in your living room by the fireplace, but would potential buyers like it?