Replacement of gas pipes in the apartment: features of the work. How to connect to an existing gas pipeline? Video: tie-in into the gas system using special equipment

If all work is carried out within an organization that has the appropriate permits and permits, then only the technical part of the work is required, and if there are no such permits, for example, to connect a private house to the gas supply system, then first of all you need to contact the appropriate authorities.

In cases where an illegal tie-in to a gas pipeline is detected by the inspection authorities, this is followed by serious penalties. The person responsible for this action will have to pay the full cost of the entire volume of gas consumed and the work to dismantle the illegal connection. In some cases, such a tie-in can also be qualified as a criminal offense, that is, as theft and causing property damage.

Illegal tie-in and its consequences

Most often, illegal tie-in is carried out by individuals who are disconnected from the gas pipeline for non-payment, or who want to connect a house, garage or any outbuilding without coordinating the project and paying for both the connection itself and the subsequent use of gas. Depending on how severe the damage was caused to the gas pipeline during the tie-in, the amount of gas used, as well as the consent or disagreement of the guilty person to resolve this issue peacefully and pay all the due fines, administrative or criminal liability may be applied.

In the event of causing particularly large damage and unwillingness to compensate for it, as well as revealing the fact that such tie-ins are not being carried out for the first time, articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation 158 (Theft with open access) and 165 (Causing damage by deception) can be applied to the guilty person ). Therefore, it is better not to take risks and obtain all the necessary permits and conclude an appropriate contract.

Illegal tapping is almost always carried out in violation of technological standards, which can lead to serious accidents and fires.

Types of gas pipelines and tie-in methods

A gas pipeline is a structure whose direct purpose is to transport gas through a pipeline. Depending on the purpose of the gas pipeline, natural gas can be supplied under different overpressures. So, for example, main (transmitting gas over long distances) pipelines are only high pressure, and distribution (delivering gas to the end consumer): low, medium and high pressure.

Tapping into a gas pipeline under pressure without stopping gas transportation along the main line can be used both when repairing a pipeline and when connecting individual consumers. At the same time, the pipeline works without interruptions, and the pressure and volume of supply do not decrease. This method is also called cold tapping. In addition, there is a more “traditional” method - pipe welding, which is considered very laborious and requires high qualifications and special access for the welder.

Modern technologies allow tapping into a gas pipeline without depressurizing, but the process itself may differ depending on the material of the pipes, which can be plastic or metal. Plastic gas pipelines are gradually gaining popularity due to their high performance and the possibility of laying in the most adverse conditions.

Tapping into a plastic gas pipeline under pressure

To create bends and other tie-in elements into a finished system, it is advisable to use factory-made fittings or fittings that comply with GOST in order to reduce the risk of emergencies in the future. Basically, metal fittings are used for tapping into plastic pipes by means of a socket connection, which, after installation is completed, is glued with special compounds.

The adhesive joint must have maximum density and be completely sealed so that moisture does not seep through it. The steel insert itself must be treated with rust-protecting compounds, since moisture ingress and corrosion processes can lead to the appearance of cavities and delamination of the vinyl plastic in the joint area.

The tie-in itself is carried out by creating steel alloy inserts perpendicular to the gas pipe. Each insert should have a length of 70 to 100 cm and be extended with plastic pipes by means of a socket-contact connection. This method implies that a plastic pipe is forced onto a steel insert heated to a temperature of around 60 ° C. This method is used to create bends from gas pipelines with low pressure, and for medium ones, before building up the steel insert, it is required to apply powdered polyethylene to the place of the future connection for a tighter adhesion of the two types of material.

Insertion into a gas pipeline from metal pipes

Despite the development of plastic pipeline technology, the most common option is still a gas pipeline made of steel pipes.

When installing main and distribution gas pipelines, welding is another main type of connection. Pipelines, the pressure of which is more than 70 kPa, are welded in compliance with the strict rules put forward by Gosgortekhnadzor. Only those welders who have undergone appropriate training and have a permit are allowed to these works.

Pipe welding and its technology also largely depends on the material of the structure being welded, but all of them are mostly butt-welded. Welded joints and types of seams are strictly designated by GOST and must be carried out only in accordance with these requirements. These standards provide not only the type of seam, but also its size and the arrangement of parts at different angles.

In accordance with this, the types of welds are determined:

• butt;
• tee;
• overlap;
• angular.

Particular attention is paid to the corner and tee (T-shaped) insert, since it is very important to avoid lack of penetration of seams and undercuts.

Before welding, gas pipelines must be carefully prepared: cleaned of rust and dirt, oxides and oil. The type of welding for the gas pipeline itself does not matter, therefore, both arc and laser welding are used.

Without depressurizing the main pipe, a tie-in into a metal gas pipeline can be implemented through a valve or using a special device called PGVM.

If the option with a valve is used, then in this case a coupling and a branch pipe with a flange are welded to the main pipe, to which the valve with a chamber is attached. A hole in the pipe is cut with a cup cutter through the coupling, after which the cut fragment, as well as the rod itself with the cutter, is removed through the chamber and the valve closes. After that, a branch can be connected to the flange located on the valve. Among the disadvantages of this method, one can single out the need to install wells, as well as the inconvenient location of the valve to the main pipe, which makes operation less convenient.

The second method is the use of PGVM, a special device that is designed for tapping into existing gas pipelines without pressure relief, having a pipe diameter of 186 to 529 mm. This device performs tapping by creating holes of 80 and 140 mm in the wall of the gas pipe. First of all, a branch pipe is welded to the gas pipe, which should have a diameter equal to the diameter of the branch to be connected, inside which the sleeve is welded to the pipe wall. A stud is screwed into the bushing, a rod with a cutter and machine oil is poured so that it exceeds the level of the pipe by 3 mm.

A PGVM device with a drive for a cutter is installed on the connection flange, which cuts a hole in the pipe of the required size. After that, the cut fragment is removed, the drive, rod and cutter are removed, instead of which a screw plug is installed and the entire system is returned to its place. Then the gas is opened, the plug is wrapped in the branch pipe, the PGVM device is removed and the threaded plug is scalded around the perimeter. Upon completion of the work, the quality of the welds is checked with the help of a soap emulsion, and the gas pipeline itself and the tie-in are reliably isolated.

Tapping into a gas pipeline, like any work related to gas pipelines, requires the strictest observance of safety regulations. Insertion should be carried out only by qualified specialists with permits for this type of work.

Replacement of gas pipes in an apartment, like any other pipelines, is required after many years of operation. Therefore, if you plan to make repairs, pay attention to the service life of gas pipes, since a leak may occur in old pipes and, changing them, the repair will have to be redone at least partially.

The cutting of old pipes is performed by a grinder, and the products of such work, for sure, will not go unnoticed on the walls and other interior elements.

Replacement of the gas pipeline in the apartment

As you know, replacing gas pipes with your own hands is prohibited, so only specialists from gas service companies have access to this type of work.

Therefore, if replacement is necessary, you will need to contact the appropriate institution and wait for the arrival of the master.

Most likely, with the first visit of a gas service employee, the pipe will not be replaced for you, since the master will need to inspect the gas system, measure the length of the gas pipes, draw up an estimate for the work, as well as the cost of new pipes for domestic gas pipelines.

Gas pipe replacement work

Arriving at the installation site, the master must remove unauthorized persons from the site, take care of the absence of smokers and sources of open fire.

Before entering the work site, a warning sign “Caution! Gas!”, “Smoking is prohibited!”, “Passage is prohibited!” etc.

Before cutting off the gas pipe and proceeding with the installation of a new one, the gasman must cut off gas access to the gas pipeline to which the new pipe will be welded, and remove (blow out) the remaining gas from it. Blowing gas into the premises (ventilation ducts, etc.) is strictly prohibited.

After all safety measures have been taken, cutting of the gas pipe can be performed. As already mentioned, it is usually produced using an ordinary grinder. Next, a new one is welded in place of the old pipe.

Checking the integrity of the domestic gas pipeline and the rules for starting gas

It is forbidden to let gas into the pipe until the integrity of the pipe, the presence of all the required plugs and the serviceability of the connected gas equipment are confirmed by the method of inspection and appropriate tests (soap emulsion).

When starting the gas, the gas pipeline must be purged until all air is expelled from it. The duration of the purge is determined by analyzing the gas samples taken.

The content of oxygen in the gas should not be more than 1%, the combustion of the last sample should proceed smoothly, without popping. When blowing through the gas pipeline, after the gas pipe has been replaced, it is prohibited to release the gas-air mixture into the room, ventilation outlet, stairwell, etc. When starting gas, the room in which installation work is carried out must be provided with constant ventilation.

During and after the release of gas into the newly connected branch of the gas pipeline system, it is necessary to ensure enhanced monitoring of the operation of the gas system.

Insertion into the gas pipeline

Apartment buildings are often equipped with a gas pipeline system even before the tenants move in. But what if a tie-in into the gas pipe of a newly built house is required? Let's describe what the procedure for gasification of a house looks like.

Preparation of necessary documents

The list of documents required to connect gas to the house is as follows:

• those. home passport or certified copy;
• a snapshot of a topographic survey of the site at a scale of 1:500, certified by the gas service, with a gas pipeline and other communications marked on it ( , );
• permission to connect an architectural and planning institution to the gas pipeline;

• documents for equipment planned for installation in a house to which gas will be connected - a certificate of conformity, a contract for equipment maintenance, a conclusion that it is to be used in housing construction;
• examination certificate (VDPO), obtained after contacting Gorgaz.

How to get permission to tie into a gas pipeline

In Gorgaz, you will need to find out which design organization for gasification of the house they recommend, as this will be the key to the absence of problems in the future. It will be necessary to agree with the design engineer on the placement project and the brand of gas equipment and heating appliances, after which the specialist will independently be obliged to agree on the project in the technical department of Gorgaz.

Read the contract carefully. You should be interested in items with clearly defined guarantees from the contractor.

Installation of a domestic gas system and connection to a gas pipeline

After installation of the piping from the gas pipeline and equipment, the design organization draws up a package of executive and technical documentation. The work is accepted by a special commission consisting of a representative of Gorgaz, the contractor and the customer.

You will also need to pay a technical supervision receipt and provide a copy of it to the installation company. In the near future, representatives of Gorgaz will seal the meter, and a contract will be concluded with the customer for gas supplies and maintenance of his part of the gas system.

Don't know how to crash into a gas pipe? To do this, you will need to hire a special service that performs tie-ins.

Having connected you to the main gas pipeline, specialists will open the gas valve and make a test run of gas, thereby checking the entire system for leaks.

After making sure that everything is in order, you will only have to carry out commissioning of the equipment, which, however, can be carried out by the seller organization, of course, if you have an appropriate contract for maintenance and warranty service.

It is usually necessary to lay new gas pipelines after many years of their operation. You need to take care of this in advance, because gas plays a major role in our life - it gives heat, light and allows you to cook food. Inserting a gas pipe into a house must be carried out in accordance with all the rules of the law, however, some people prefer to do it illegally than put themselves at risk.

What is an inset

Professional gas workers explain this concept as follows: tie-in is the process of attaching a new pipe to an already working one, that is, carrying gas. The whole procedure is carried out without turning off the supply of blue fuel, that is, the gas pipe is constantly under pressure. Therefore, you need to know the basic rules of tie-in to avoid trouble.

Surely you know about the types of gas networks. For example, if the design is designed to transport fuel over long distances, then such a network has a high pressure. Making a tie-in in this case is quite dangerous, since the procedure has unforeseen consequences, both for you and for the neighbors. Do not experiment, but rather call the master, who is specified on the question of how to make a tie-in into a gas pipe under pressure. The specialist will take the necessary measurements and make an estimate of the costs.

If you want to tie into the network, learn some rules.

Rules for the performance of work

The gas pipe always has its own specific pressure. Before starting work, remember these rules:

• Tapping into a network with low pressure is carried out at rates that do not exceed 80 mm. water. Art. and don't go down to 20.
• If you decide to make a tie-in into a network where there is high pressure, then first you need to lower it to the lowest permissible level. If this is not possible, try to find equipment that cuts in non-standard conditions.

The gas pipe is a state-owned network, therefore, tie-in should be carried out only with the appropriate permit and by special firms that have a license authorizing this type of activity. In all other cases, the process will be carried out illegally, which entails a certain responsibility.

Welding and gas cutting should be carried out in areas with a pressure of 40 to 150 kg/cm. It is very important to maintain these frames during the entire tie-in.

What are the tie-ins

To connect a new pipe to a house, you need to know how to combine a new network with an already working one.

The tie-in requires precise movements and the right equipment, so the whole process can be carried out using the following technologies:

• No welding or cold tapping. With this method, the object remains to work at the same level, that is, without significant changes in structures and pressure. Using the method without welding, gas workers connect new users to the networks. The technology for carrying out such work is quite simple, and therefore is popular among workers. You can watch a quick guide on the video from the network.

• Welding. This method for conducting gas into the house is considered traditional. A new gas pipe cuts into a working network by welding it. This method is dangerous, but reliable, so it can only be carried out by specialists with permission.

The tie-in is carried out by the coil and tee method. The coil method - a new pipe is connected to the end of the operating system, and the tee - the tie-in is carried out with the intersection of the axes of the network. You can visualize the differences between these techniques using a photo from the Internet.

Self tie-in

If you decide to make a tie-in into the gas pipe yourself, then first you need to properly prepare for this. You will need the tools that you will use in the process. You need to select their set after choosing the method of inserting into the house. Approximate set:

• pipes;
• PGVM;
• saddle;
• the welding machine itself;
• cutter.

The gas pipe is connected to the house with a saddle, which has significant advantages over the valve.

At this preparatory stage is over and the main question remains: how to insert into a pipe where there is pressure.

The method of tapping into a metal system under pressure is described below.

1. Clear the surface. The gas pipe tends to rust, and it may also have paint on it. All this interferes with the tie-in.
2. Mark the connection point and set a mark.
3. Make holes. If you are tie-in in the coil method, then the hole should be one, if T-shaped, then 2.
4. Treat wells. Slots - clay, and this process can begin even when cutting the surface, since the gas pipe has pressure. After processing, refrigerate this place.
5. After cooling, open the plug and remove the part of the pipe from the structure. After that, place a disconnect device in the slot.
6. Next, proceed to install the pipe. When the disconnect device has covered the gap, make the main hole for the new pipe. If you made a smaller diameter, then correct it for your equipment. Install the pipe and weld its joints on both sides. Close the valve.
7. After you have welded the pipe, weld a new pipe. When the process is finished, check if the new seam is leaking gas. You can do this with soap.
8. Attach new pipe.

Tapping into a gas pipe without welding is quite popular and safe. You can find a detailed description of the implementation on the net.

In general, the question of how to insert a new pipe into a house is relevant. You can carry out the work yourself or a team of gas workers. If you are not confident in your abilities, then it is better to entrust this matter to specialists who will quickly and efficiently complete the task. It does not matter what method it will be: traditional or without welding. Remember also that before starting work, you need to obtain the necessary documents so that you will not be held liable later.

Unauthorized connection to the gas pipeline has negative consequences for the violator, as well as may result in a dangerous situation for others. Such an action is carried out unprofessionally, in violation of technology and safety, which already implies severe punishment.

And also with such a connection, the consumer uses gas without accounting, does not pay for it. The desire to save money, to steal from the state pushes the residents of apartments or private houses into illegal tie-in.

And it is fair that the violator bears financial and even criminal liability for such theft. Him fined for unauthorized connection of gas, the amount of which is determined on the basis of the norms of the law and the consequences of the offense.

Reasons for unauthorized connection

• It is difficult for a consumer to provide himself with normal living conditions in an apartment, especially with a gas water heater, if his gas is turned off for debts. But instead of raising funds after shutting down the system, paying off the debt and officially inviting specialists to connect gas equipment, the debtor decides to commit an offense.
• Owners of private houses, industrial premises, who have not yet received permission for official connection, can also crash into the network on their own.

Unauthorized tie-in of a debtor is not just a theft of a resource from a gas pipeline. It endangers its neighbors, because if connected incorrectly, gas can leak.

ATTENTION! Most often, fines for tapping into a gas pipeline and theft of gas by a subscriber are committed by those who were previously disconnected for arrears in paying utility bills.

Unauthorized tie-in

Unauthorized connection of a gas stove, column, heating boiler is connection without permission to gas mains. The permit must be issued by the company that is engaged in gas supply in the area.

Trunks are the property of gas transmission companies, gas distribution companies, legal entities that own gas transmission equipment. Consumers to whom these authorities supply gas sign an agreement with the supplier and pay for its services in accordance with the amount of expenses.

If the gas was turned off for non-payment or there has not yet been an official connection of a new residential building to the network, you do not need to engage in tie-in yourself, perform any actions with metering devices (install them yourself or remove them, change indicators). Before looking for information on how to crash a gas pipe illegally, you should ask about the punishment for this violation and the size of the fine.

ATTENTION! The main document that determines the punishment for these actions is Article 7.19 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of Russia.

Obtaining a permit, processing documents, paying debts, and other expenses for official connection will not be as significant as fines to a private person for connecting a column on their own, removing a seal from a pipe, or illegally tapping into a gas pipeline.

If there was a shutdown without a meter, it is worth purchasing this equipment by the time the connection is made to save on gas bills in the future.

How is a crime detected?

Most often, an illegal tie-in to a gas pipeline is detected when checking a dwelling. If the supplier knows about the disconnected debtor, he will control the sealed equipment.

When an employee of a gas company sees the fact of a tie-in, he reports this to the management, draws up an act, calls an emergency brigade. The violator must sign an act of unauthorized actions. The gas is turned off again, and the tie-in case goes to court.

Types of punishment

Connecting a gas pipeline without official permission in a private house, breaking seals from a pipe by a debtor may subsequently result in both administrative and criminal punishment.

• The minimum consequences for the violator are administrative liability, a fine. If the penalty amounts are not paid on time, a late fee will be added to them.
• But judicial practice knows examples of criminal liability. Gorgaz can sue apartment owners who crash into the gas pipeline as thieves of natural fuel.
• Both the tie-in fine and imprisonment will not eliminate the need to pay for the use of gas for the time after the offense was committed. Debt fees are also charged.
• It is not always possible to establish when the gas meter was last checked. In this case, you will have to pay 35,000 rubles for connecting the stove, and 45,000 rubles for the speakers. If the boiler also worked for heating the house, the amount of additional charge will be 5,000 rubles. The rate of payment for the use of natural fuel in this case is the maximum.
• A period of up to 5 years threatens those who decide to independently remove the plug, carry out an unauthorized replacement of the meter, crash into the network, and caused an explosion by their actions. If the gas is connected unprofessionally, a fire is difficult to avoid. An explosion can cause injury and even death to neighbors.

Imprisonment for a violator for up to 5 years is determined by Article 109 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

IMPORTANT! If the tie-in case goes to court, the attacker's actions can be punished by imprisonment. Term - up to 2 years.

A fire in a house, the death of residents of neighboring apartments are the most serious consequences of an unauthorized tie-in. It should be remembered that it is much easier to get rid of debt, to install gas equipment with the help of competent specialists (even if their services are paid) than to be responsible for such terrible events.

Poorly made connection of gas pipes and equipment is easy to break with one careless movement. And a gas leak may not be noticeable immediately, but only as the substance dangerously accumulates..

Eventually the offender will be disconnected from the gas pipeline again. And he will be able to use gas only after the execution of all punishments (payment of debts, fines, other amounts).

Fines

Article 7.19 applies to those who illegally connected to the gas pipeline for the first time and those who did so after being disconnected due to debt. Both in the first and in the second case, a fine is provided.

• A private person will pay up to 2,000 rubles.
• Officials who use gas illegally pay from 3,000 to 4,000.
• The largest fine is paid to legal entities - up to 40,000 rubles.

Even a large fine cannot be compared with imprisonment, and it is easy to get it from the court for unauthorized connection to gas pipes.

The apartment is illegally disconnected from the gas

You can also meet another situation when the gas was turned off in a house or apartment by mistake, illegally.

Perhaps for a long time the new house is not connected to the highway. Residents who use serviceable equipment, pay utility bills on time, should respond to such actions.

If the gas is not connected, where to complain to solve the problem?

First of all, you need to contact the company supplying gas, write an application for illegal shutdown. If there is no reaction, you can go to the prosecutor's office, write a complaint to Rospotrebnadzor, to the Housing Commission.

Mains connection

The presence of gas in an apartment or house greatly facilitates the creation of comfortable living conditions. Therefore, this natural fuel provides a greater number of buildings in the residential sector.

• To connect the premises to the pipeline, connect the stove, column, gas heating boiler, a special project of technical conditions is drawn up. Documents for this project may vary slightly, it depends on the specifics of the connection object.
• The supplier company checks the submitted documents, the review can last one month.
• The next step is to connect directly. It is carried out by qualified professionals. Meters with seals are installed, a contract for the supply of fuel is concluded.

If you need to connect after disconnection due to debts, you should also contact the supplier. But first you need to pay off your debts. It is possible that at the same time the meter will be installed or replaced, how much the work costs, you need to find out from the performers.

ATTENTION! Proper execution of the process will save you from problems, including financial ones.

Useful video

A report about the danger of a gas leak.