What is the best way to process eggplant from the Colorado potato beetle? Methods for protecting eggplant from the Colorado potato beetle.

Process eggplant from colorado potato beetle can large quantity funds.

In the fight against these insects, both chemical and mechanical methods destruction.

The Colorado potato beetle is one of the most dangerous pests of agricultural plants. This insect It feeds on the leaves and fruits of nightshade crops, which include eggplant.
Colorado beetles appear in vegetable gardens with the onset of heat. They often overwinter in the soil, feeding on potato tubers, but they can also migrate from other areas.

It is imperative to fight the pest, because insects multiply very quickly and destroy the crop. Female pests lay eggs 3 times a season, so the insects quickly get used to the blue bushes. If you do not fight pests, then by the end of the season there will be more than 2,000 pests in the garden.

Initially, the beetles eat the leaves, from which the plant draws moisture for growth. As the foliage is destroyed, insects descend on the stem of the bush, gradually destroying it. If timely measures are not taken to combat the Colorado potato beetle on eggplant, the number of pests will increase and the yield will decrease significantly. If the beetles destroy all the leaves of the bush, the plant will die.
On average, an adult pest destroys about 4 grams of plant leaves per month, and its larva eats about 1 gram of leaves.

Methods of dealing with the Colorado potato beetle

You can fight the Colorado potato beetle on eggplant through manual collection, processing chemicals and herbal infusions, as well as by collecting insects by hand.

Manual collection

Manual collection of pests is relevant only on small areas, because this procedure implies great expense time and effort. This method found to be effective but labor intensive. It is better to manually collect beetles in the morning and evening.

Salt water is prepared for collection in a container. It is better to use a bucket, so it will be more convenient to collect pests. It is not recommended to touch the insects with your hands, they need to be shaken off the plant with a small broom. This is done carefully so as not to damage the stem and leaves of the bush, which are very weak in eggplant.

After all the insects are collected, they must be destroyed.
When harvesting by hand, it is important to look at the lower leaves of the plant from the back. In these places, beetles lay their eggs so that they do not burn out in the sun. When found, the masonry is crushed.

You can protect eggplant from the Colorado potato beetle with wood ash. For insects, it is poison. To combat and prevent the appearance of pests on the bushes, the leaves are sprinkled with ash.

This should be done after rain or early in the morning, until the dew has dried on the bushes. It is necessary that wood ash stick to the plant, only in this case it can scare away pests. It is recommended to sprinkle with this substance between the rows of blue ones.

You can protect the blue ones from the Colorado potato beetle by spraying with herbal infusions.
Pests are afraid of herbs such as:

• The mustard is yellow.
• Elecampane.
• White acacia flowers.
• Poplar.
• Walnut leaves.
• Celandine.
• Honeysuckle.
• Bed bug.
• Burdock.

To prepare the infusion, any herb is poured with boiling water and infused for 3-4 days, after which it is poured into a spray bottle, which irrigates the garden plot.

The main principle of irrigation is wetting the plant with infusions. In order for the effect to last longer, laundry soap grated on a fine grater dissolves in the finished herbal mixture. It helps to fix the infusion on the leaves of the plant. It is better to irrigate bushes with blue ones in the evenings in calm weather.

Recipes for making herbal infusions for irrigation:

• Mix dry mustard (100 g) and vinegar (100 ml) in 10 liters of water. It is necessary to irrigate during the period active growth plants to prevent insects.
• Fill a third of a 10-liter bucket with celandine leaves, fill with water, boil for 15 minutes, cool and strain. For irrigation, 500 ml of decoction is mixed with 10 liters of water.
• Pour 500 g of dried tobacco roots into 10 liters of water. Leave for 3 days. Strain and mix the infusion with a bucket of water. homemade remedy against insects must be used immediately.
• 100 g of birch tar is mixed with a bucket of water. To eliminate pests, the bushes are irrigated at least 3 times a week.

plant repellent

dry herbs

There are a number of plants that repel Colorado potato beetles with their aroma.
To control pests between blue bushes, it is better to plant:

• Calendula.
• Celery.
• Dill.
• Nasturtium.
• Mustard.
• Matthiola.
• Sagebrush.

Chemicals

You can process eggplant from the Colorado potato beetle not only with herbal infusions, but also with special chemicals.
Preparations for the processing of eggplant a large number of. They are different in composition and spectrum of action. But it is better to give preference to products that contain cypermethrin and imidacloprid. These components are highly effective in pest control.

Popular means:

1. "" - the drug destroys beetles at all stages of insect development. It is enough to use the tool only once a season to protect against pests. "Killer" is not phytotoxic, it works even after rain. Method of dilution: ampoule (1.3 ml) is diluted with 8 liters of water. This amount is enough to irrigate 100 sq. m. garden.
2. "Destroy". Processing means is carried out in early July 1 time. The drug begins to act within an hour after its use. It is allowed to use "Destroy" even at temperatures from +10 to +25 degrees and above. Dilution method: 3 ml of suspension is diluted with 10 liters of water.

Rules for the use of chemicals:

• The drug is diluted strictly according to the instructions in the indicated proportions.
• Processing is carried out only in rubber gloves to prevent the product from getting on the skin of a person.
• Irrigation is desirable to carry out in calm and dry weather during the period of active growth of the plant.

Conclusion

You can protect eggplant from the Colorado potato beetle by covering the bushes with a fine mosquito net. This method is effective during fruit setting on the bushes, when the use of chemicals is not recommended.

To prevent the appearance of pests, you need to alternate crops in the garden. Blue is allowed to plant in one place 1 time in 4 years. Pests can stay in the soil for up to 3 years, so after pulling out eggplant seedlings, it is better to plant flower crops in their place that do not attract insects so much.

All the secrets of growing eggplant

March, 02 20151 8182

Perhaps some have tried to grow eggplant in their area. But, having failed, they gave up this occupation, preferring to buy "little blue" ones in the store. However, knowing agricultural technology and some subtleties of growing this crop, you can get very good yields.

Variety selection

Success in growing any garden plant depends on the variety chosen: whether it is suitable for your area or not, how early or late it produces, how it will be grown - open or in greenhouses, etc. If planting eggplant is planned in the area with a warm temperate climate, it is better to choose early ripe varieties with small fruits. Almost throughout Russia, the Epic F1 variety feels good: it gives the first harvest after 2 months from the start of planting. This variety differs high yield, uniformity of fruits and resistance to many diseases.

The most popular varieties of eggplant

• Black handsome - fruits of brown-violet color, even, up to 200 gr. It is very picky about heat: in regions where the summer is not hot, it must be cultivated in greenhouses. Albatross - fruits are blue-violet, shortened pear-shaped. Large-fruited - up to 450 gr. It is highly valued for its lack of bitterness. Purple miracle - the fruits are small, up to 135 gr., But it has a high yield.

Those who love non-standard forms can be recommended to plant varieties Czech Early, Thick Barin, Black Moon - their fruits are spherical or ovoid in shape. Most large fruits, weighing up to 1.5 kg, gives new hybrid Clorinda. AT recent times white eggplants are especially popular: they are practically not bitter, have fleshy pulp, almost devoid of seeds, reminiscent of champignons in taste. Varieties of white eggplant: Swan, Ping-Pong, Pelican, White egg.

Soil and fertilizer

"Blue" are very demanding on the composition and fertility of the soil. They are suitable for loamy or sandy light soils. On heavy plants, they grow very poorly and give a small crop. Tip: You can “lighten” the soil with river sand, cutting straw or sawdust.

They are best applied in the fall. The introduction of compost and humus will also favorably affect the quality of the soil. In the spring, when digging, you need to add ash 300-500 gr. or 50-150 gr. superphosphate per 1 sq. m.

predecessors

Eggplant is a rather capricious plant and requires compliance with the principles of crop rotation. It is best to plant it in areas where legumes, cabbage, melons, and cucumbers grew. Somewhat worse predecessors are table root crops.

You can not plant eggplant after pepper and tomato: moreover, at least 3-4 years must pass after growing these crops in the selected area.

Eggplant: growing, planting and care

seedling preparation

Since eggplants have a fairly long ripening period (90-140 days), they are grown exclusively in seedlings. Gardeners should be warned right away: forget about the old "grandmother's" way of growing seedlings in boxes. In this way, it will not be possible to obtain strong and high-quality seedlings. Eggplants do not like transplanting, so it is better to grow them in separate plastic or peat cups and cassettes. First you need to prepare the ground: in equal parts garden soil, sand and ready-made store soil are taken.

You can add vermiculite - according to gardeners, the result is excellent. The soil needs to be moistened: if you are using unsprouted seeds, try moistening the ground in cups with snow - this method allows you to grow strong seedlings. Tip: eggplant seeds germinate very poorly.

To improve germination, you need to soak them for 24 hours in aloe juice. You can also soak them in a solution of hydrogen peroxide: per 100 ml of water 3 ml of peroxide, heat up to 40 C and hold the seeds in this solution for 10 minutes. Each cup contains 1 seed.

Attention: if using seedling cassettes, plant seeds of the same variety in 1 cassette. Because the germination time for different varieties is different and earlier seedlings will “clog” newly hatched eggplants late varieties. Sowing dates depend on the region: usually this is the end of February - the very beginning of March.

After planting the seeds, you need to cover the containers with foil and put them in a warm place. The required temperature during germination is 25-28°C. As soon as the sprouts hatch, the film must be removed, the temperature can be lowered in the first week to 16-17 ° C during the day and 13-14 ° C at night.

Then grow seedlings at a daytime temperature of 25-27°C and a night temperature of 13-14°C. Such a difference between day and night temperatures is necessary to prepare seedlings for planting in open ground. Care consists in watering, light loosening and fertilizing with fluorine-containing fertilizers (suitable, for example, Crystalon). Top dressing is carried out during watering plants.

Seedling problems

• Why do eggplant seedlings turn yellow?

Young shoots are very demanding on nutrition, and with a lack of trace elements in the soil, the plant begins to "pull" useful material from their own lower leaves. As a result, the leaves turn pale and gradually turn yellow. Urgent intervention and good feeding are needed.

Any balanced fertilizer for seedlings that are sold in stores will do. If you overlooked and the lower leaves are already severely affected, they will fall off, but you will be able to save the plant. Usually this problem occurs when growing in peat pots, when gardeners rely on their nutritional value.

Eggplants are very voracious in this regard and require constant mineral dressings. And peat alone cannot satisfy all their nutritional needs.

• Why do seedlings wither?

The problem may be either insufficient watering, or waterlogging and acidification of the soil. If it comes from the soil musty smell, carefully remove the seedling from the pot along with a clod of earth and look at the condition of the roots.

If the roots are not white, switch to more moderate watering. Seedlings can also wither if the roots are cold. This often happens when the seedlings are on the windowsill and cold air comes from the window.

It is heavier than warm and spreads below, just at the level of plant roots. Put the seedlings higher - on a pallet, for example, to balance the temperature at both the roots of the plants and the leaves.

• Ticks and whitefly

Sometimes seedlings are affected by mites or whiteflies. This may be due to a lack of watering and air humidity - it is under such conditions that pests reproduce best. It is necessary to treat the leaves with Aktara.

Also keep an eye on the humidity: spray young seedlings regularly with a fine sprayer. Moreover, direct the jet to the side and up so that large drops do not form on the leaves.

Growing eggplants in open ground

Ready seedlings are planted in a permanent place, starting from the end of May, when it's time to blow return frosts. Choose places on the site, protected from drafts and open to the sun.

They make holes, water well, plant seedlings in the mud, compact, mulch with peat or dry earth. The distance between plants is 30-40 cm, between rows 60 cm. If you plant tall varieties, then make the distance between the holes 50 cm.

Early ripe varieties are usually planted in open ground. At first, the seedlings need to be insulated, preferably with a double film. "Blue ones" are very afraid of the cold, at a long temperature of about 10 ° C, the plants die. Therefore, it is very important to provide them with warm and humid environment cultivation.

• Regular shallow loosening so that the roots have sufficient access to oxygen; Weeding weeds and pest control; Regular watering - do not allow the soil to dry out, water only warm water Top dressing: there should be three of them: the first - as the seedlings take root, the second 20 days after the first and the third at the beginning of the fruiting period. You can feed with diluted slurry, chicken manure and mineral fertilizers.

What not to do when growing eggplant:

• Shade and thicken plantings - this crop is very demanding on light, prolonged cloudy weather and dense, dense planting will lead to a decrease in yield, the fruits will be small and not marketable. Overdry plants - eggplant is very demanding on moisture, watering should be done daily. With a long dry period, the plants will begin to bush and shed their ovaries, and the fruits will take on an ugly shape. You can’t loosen the ground deeply - the root system of the “blue ones” is located very close to the surface, so deep inaccurate loosening will damage the roots.

Growing eggplant in a greenhouse

This is the most convenient way growing this crop. Just because in the greenhouse you can provide the right temperature and humidity, which is very important for the "blue" whims. Otherwise, the cultivation technology does not differ from open ground. Although, there are a number of diseases that affect eggplants in greenhouses.

• Gray rot: develops at very frequent watering and high humidity early spring or late autumn when there are sudden changes in temperature. Therefore, for this period it is recommended to consider the issue of heating the greenhouse. Internal necrosis - viral disease, in which the fruits turn yellow and wither. You can treat with special preparations or, if the disease has not spread yet, remove the affected bush. Late blight is a common seedling disease that appears with high humidity and temperature changes, affects both the leaves and the root system. Plants die.

• Pest control

  Most often, the crops of the "blue ones" are raided by hordes of the Colorado potato beetle, which in a matter of days almost completely eat up the bushes. You can treat plants with standard beetle remedies, or you can use folk proven methods. Tip: To protect the eggplant from the Colorado potato beetle, you can sprinkle the plant with salted flour (for example, which is left over after frying fish). Shower the plant itself and on the ground under the root. You can scatter wet wood ash between the rows and periodically sprinkle it with water - the smell repels pests. If the eggplant is attacked by bedbugs, Prestige can be used by diluting 1:1 and spraying the plants. Here, probably, are all the subtleties and secrets of growing such a tasty and healthy vegetable like an eggplant.

Planting eggplant in open ground

Eggplant is not only a beautiful and exotic vegetable, but also an exam for a novice gardener. Its cultivation is not so simple task as it might seem at first glance. But in cases where you do everything right, namely if it is observed temperature regime, fertilizers will be applied in a timely manner, and other necessary actions will be performed, this plant can thank you with a rich and high-quality harvest.

Preparation of beds when planting eggplant in open ground

The site for planting eggplant, first of all, should be sunny, protected from the wind, cleared of weeds, and also so that it is distinguished by its fertility. It can also be assumed that green crops (cucumbers, legumes, root crops) grew there earlier. But it is not recommended to plant eggplant in the area where potatoes, peppers, physalis, tobacco were previously grown, but the same eggplant. It is necessary to remember about the alternation of crops on the site. When growing eggplant in open ground, we also do not forget about drainage, but at the same time, we need moisture to be well retained in the soil.

But besides this, it is also necessary to make;

It is not recommended to use fresh manure, as in this case eggplant seedlings will take on the appearance of a strongly leafy form. And they no longer have enough strength to form fruits. The soil is dug up to a depth of about 25 - 30 cm. As for the width of the beds, it is recommended to make them no wider than 90 - 100 cm, and their length can be arbitrary. Further, after we have dug up the soil, we level the surface and spill it with one of the following solutions:

Planting eggplant in open ground

For planting eggplant in open ground, there are various ways. But the most convenient in my opinion is the scheme of 55 - 60 cm between rows and 40 - 45 cm between seedlings in rows. And the planting itself is best done in the evening (we deepen to the first pair of true leaves).

But at the same time, it is also necessary to remember that the shoots and leaves of eggplant seedlings (especially if they have not been hardened off) are fragile, and therefore they must be handled very carefully. Some summer residents, when planting near each plant, even put pegs so that in the future they could be tied to them. Such a peg should stick out of the soil by no more than 60 cm. The most favorable period for planting seedlings in open ground is mid-May and until June 5.

But at the same time, do not forget to cover them with foil as well. Thus, we will protect our plants from the night cold. We stretch a clean film on wire arcs (about a meter should remain from the soil to the top point of the arc), but in cases where seedlings were planted in mid-May, then we cover the plants with a double layer of film.

This can be explained by the fact that sometimes it is very difficult for young seedlings to withstand even low positive temperatures (+2 +3 degrees). And we free the eggplant from protective film only when you make sure that the weather is really warm (usually this happens from mid-June). The air temperature when grown outdoors must be monitored in the summer, and in case of the slightest suspicion of an evening cold snap, the plants for the night again we shelter. Very good result can also be obtained if the covering material (in our case, this is a film) will not be removed from the garden at all, but only from time to time by raising it, from the south or west side. But in cases where you do not plan to make such a film shelter, then the seedlings can also be protected from the wind with the help of plant curtains. And such an element can be tall crops (chard, beets, beans, leeks).

Seedlings of these crops must be grown in advance, and in open ground (around the garden), we plant them at the same time as eggplants. In this period, seedlings also need foliar feeding. In 10 liters of water we dilute 1 teaspoon of urea and 1 tbsp. a spoonful of drops.

How to water eggplants in open ground?

With a lack of soil moisture, leaves and buds will begin to fall off in eggplant plants, and the stem will also become woody. Irrigation can be done as follows:

• Before flowering, within 6-7 days we produce one watering, based on 1 square. meter 12 liters (in the morning or evening). In case of too hot weather, we increase the number of waterings produced up to 2 times within 6-7 days. In the period of flowering or fruiting, water 2 times during the week (only under the root). The rate of water consumption per 1 sq. meter should be 10 - 12 liters. But as in the first case, with strong heat, we increase the number of waterings.

When you water the plants, it is also worth taking into account the fact that so many summer residents have their own suburban area it turns out to get only on weekends, and if you fall into their number, then we increase the amount of water consumed to 15 liters (per 1 sq. Meter). We pour only warm water (about 25 degrees). Since in cases of use for irrigation cold water we slow down their growth. But it is natural to increase the period of ripening of fruits. During the summer period, the soil also needs to be loosened (in the amount of 4-5 times), not forgetting to hill the plants afterward or pour the soil mixture under the root.

Food for eggplant

Composition No. 1. Liquid manure - herbal top dressing. To prepare such a composition in a 100 liter barrel, stir the leaves of dandelion, plantain, finely chopped nettle (only about 5-6 kg of green mass).

Here we add 10 tbsp. spoons of ash and 1 bucket of mullein. Then pour water into the barrel and mix its contents thoroughly. And in a week, liquid top dressing for eggplant will be ready. Before use, mix the solution again and water (1 liter per plant).

Composition No. 2. In a 100 liter barrel, we dilute the Effekton liquid fertilizer (1.5 l) and stir well. The consumption rate for each plant is 1 liter.

Top dressing for eggplant during fruiting

Composition No. 1. At 100 liter barrel we throw 10 tbsp. spoons liquid fertilizer"Agricola - Vegeta" and stir well. The consumption rate of this solution for each plant is 1 liter. Composition No. 2.

Pour one bucket of mushy bird droppings into a 100 liter barrel, pour 2 cups of nitrophoska, fill it all with water, mix well and hold for 4-5 days. Before use, mix the solution again and water the plants. The consumption rate per plant is 1.5 - 2 liters. Approximately 14 - 15 days after applying one of these solutions, we make another top dressing.

Formation of eggplant plants in open ground

To obtain a compact eggplant bush, with well-developed lateral shoots, we remove the top on the main stem, which must be done when a height of 25–30 cm is reached. Plants pinched in this way will begin to branch quickly. But of the newly appeared shoots (stepchildren), we leave only about 4-5 pieces, and remove the rest of the stepchildren. And those shoots that remain will give us our future harvest.

At the same time, one should also not forget that no more than 16 - 20 fruits should remain on one plant, and we remove the extra stepchildren. In cases with hot and humid weather, the lower stepchildren must be removed in without fail. But what if summer period turned out to be dry and hot, then you can not carry out the filling.

Namely, thanks to the leaf mass of the plant, the soil under the bush will be protected from excessive evaporation of moisture. In some cases, you can also find crooked non-standard fruits on plants. This is due to poor pollination. In a similar scenario of events, eggplant plants are pollinated manually, which can be done in hot, sunny, calm weather by shaking the plant.

Growing eggplants in open ground. Planting and growing features

Eggplants, along with potatoes, tomatoes, vegetable peppers, belong to the nightshade family, but planting and growing eggplants in the open field have their own characteristics: 1. eggplants do not tolerate frost, especially young seedlings planted in open ground in spring; 2. if there is not enough moisture, buds and ovaries fall from the plant, and the fruits themselves become ugly; 3. for the "blue" soil fertility is important - best harvest can be obtained on fertile and light soils; 4. culture loves bright daylight hours, which last no longer than 12 hours; 5. "blue" need more heat than peppers or tomatoes - at a temperature of less than +20 ° C, the process of eggplant pollination and fruit growth stops. It is important to observe the right process crop rotation: Growing eggplants in open ground allowed next to tomatoes and peppers, but not after them. After nightshade, including themselves, eggplants can be planted only after 3 years.

Almost all other eggplants are considered acceptable precursors. vegetable crops. They grow well after onions, cucumbers, carrots, legumes, early cabbage and gourds. Learn more about crop rotation here.

How to prepare a bed for growing eggplant? It is recommended to provide an eggplant bed in a sunny place, protected from the wind and cleared of weeds. An additional bonus would be if your site has sandy or light loamy soils.

If this is not the case: 1. in peat soil must be paid sod land with humus; 2. in sandy soil it is important to add sawdust, peat and clay soil; 3. in heavy soils, it is necessary to add peat and humus during the autumn digging of the earth. Adding straw cutting, river sand or sawdust under autumn digging will also help lighten the soil. To increase the level of soil fertility, it is recommended to apply fresh manure in the fall, and in spring only rotted manure is allowed, otherwise, all the forces of the plant will be spent on the formation of leaves, and there will be no fruits at all. Using seedling method planting eggplants, the soil must be prepared in the fall by digging them to a depth of 30 cm and adding the necessary components with fertilizers (urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate), and it is important to remove all weeds.

Pest larvae and remaining weeds are destroyed in April, after which the soil is rolled. These works should be carried out after rain, so that moisture is better preserved in the ground. For eggplant, a bed up to 30 cm high and up to 1 meter wide is perfect.

The length is determined by each gardener individually. The prepared bed should be leveled with a rake and shed the ground with a heated solution of mullein or special Effekton fertilizer.

Seedling method of growing eggplant In the climate Russian Federation eggplants are best grown through seedlings, giving preference to popular early varieties that, despite the short summer, have time to ripen. Before planting, the seeds for seedlings must be pickled with a solution of potassium permanganate and heat treated, leaving them in hot water (t +50 ° C) for 20 minutes, and then germinate. For seedlings, the soil must be mixed from soddy fertile soil, sand and humus in a ratio of 5: 1: 3.

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizers. Seeds should be sown in small pots or boxes with soil mixture, providing a temperature of +25 ° C until the first shoots appear, and then reduce the temperature to +13 ° C at night and +16 ° C during the day for 5 days. Further, the seedlings grow at +28 °C on sunny days and +18 °C on cloudy days.

Before planting the seedlings in the garden, they should be hardened off for two weeks, giving them the opportunity to gradually get used to the conditions of the street. Seedlings must be watered regularly to prevent the soil from drying out. When the first two true leaves appear, you need to feed in the form of a solution of superphosphate with urea and potassium salt.

The second feeding is carried out after 2 weeks. After the plant has formed a good root system, and it reaches 10 cm with 5-7 true leaves, you can start planting them in the garden. Of course, if warm weather is established, and the frosts have passed.

Planting eggplants in open ground. Care. One day before landing ready seedlings you need to carefully water and repeat watering until the seedlings are removed from the pots or from the box.

The process of planting eggplants directly into the ground proceeds similarly to planting peppers: established scheme furrows or holes are dug in the garden, where a large amount of water is poured, and eggplant seedlings are planted in the resulting “dirt”. The earth around the plants must be compacted by pouring a layer of mulch from peat or dry earth on top.

The planting scheme should be chosen based on information about how eggplants of certain varieties grow - if we are talking about compact plants, it is enough to leave 40 cm between seedlings, and for high grades you need at least 50 cm. When growing eggplant in open ground in a seedless way, germinated and slightly dried seeds should be planted immediately in the ground after it upper layer reaches a temperature of +15 °C. AT initial period due to slow growth, radishes are sown along with eggplant seeds so as not to lose eggplant rows in the garden.

Due to the fact that eggplants do not like night colds, at first, a film should be stretched over them on wire arcs. If eggplants were planted in the ground in mid-May, they should be covered with a double layer of film. By mid-June, the film can be removed.

But even in summer, it is important to monitor the temperature all the time and cover the eggplants at night if necessary - when a cold snap is promised. At Growing eggplant outdoors you need to be prepared for the fact that the first 2 weeks they will grow extremely slowly. You can help the process by shallow loosening the beds so that the maximum amount of air enters the roots.

Proper care of eggplant in the beds: 1. the soil should always be slightly moistened - watering should be carried out with water heated under the sun's rays; 2. in summer it is important to regularly loosen the ground, not allowing it to compact, especially after rains; 3. for the whole season, eggplants need 3 top dressings with mineral fertilizers, slurry, or bird droppings(1 top dressing is carried out 10 days after planting eggplants, the second - after 20 days, the third - at the beginning of the fruiting period); 4. hilling eggplant can stimulate the development of adventitious roots, which will increase the yield of fruits; 5. weeds should be removed in a timely manner and ensure that no diseases or pests appear on eggplants. You can start harvesting about a month after flowering, when the fruits acquire a glossy appearance and color characteristic of the variety. If eggplants have become Brown- they are overripe, and their flesh is rough and tasteless.

When undeveloped large ovaries remain on the bushes until the autumn cold snap, the plants need to be dug up with roots and transplanted into a greenhouse. Eggplant must be carefully cut with a pruner or a knife with a stalk, without damaging the shoots of the plant. Harvested fruits should be eaten in a short time or prepare blanks from them for the winter, due to the fact that long-term storage eggplant is akin to a real art that not everyone can master. Here are all the rules Growing eggplants in open ground, following which you are sure to collect a rich harvest of delicious fruits.

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Gardener compatibility of plants their alternation in the garden plot

"Winter cherry"

Berries of viburnum, mountain ash, some varieties of cherries and other plants - can be bitter in taste. But if frost catches them, the starch accumulated during the summer and autumn turns into sugars. Sucrose is broken down into glucose and fructose. As a result, with the onset of cold weather, the berry becomes sweeter. Likewise, at sub-zero temperature- glycosides are destroyed, with which a bitter-sour, tart taste is associated, the fruits become more edible, much more palatable. Blanks can be made earlier, keeping the assembled on garden plot harvest in freezer refrigerator.

With the onset of the first prolonged thaw, fruit and berry plants (both hanging on branches and lying on the ground) can ferment in the heat - sugar begins to turn into intoxicating alcohol. Birds and animals (hedgehogs, squirrels, moose, etc.) eat fermented berries and get drunk, become easy prey for predators, die under the wheels of cars on the roads. With subsequent warming, the fruits that have already fermented finally deteriorate, turn sour, become useless to anyone, neither animals nor people.

The berries left in the winter, on the branches, under some confluence of weather conditions, can turn into a unique product, comparable in taste to expensive wine, gourmet drink. But this can happen only in a very limited time interval. Without timely collection and conservation (by cooling, freezing), the properties will change.

Every gardener who grows eggplant on his plot knows that the Colorado potato beetle is the main pest of the crop. Therefore, it is important to carry out the processing of plants in a timely manner in order to protect the future harvest. But, before taking any action, you should find out how to process eggplant from the Colorado potato beetle, and what drug or remedy to use so that the fruits retain their beneficial properties.

Signs of defeat

The attack of the pest occurs almost immediately after planting the nightshade seedlings on permanent place in open ground or greenhouse.

Find out who persistently eats eggplant in the greenhouse and on open area can be on the first signs:

• damaged leaves along the edge;
• growth retardation;
• the presence of adults of the Colorado potato beetle in a small amount.

How to process eggplant from the Colorado potato beetle

Initially, the pest feeds on the pulp of the leaf from the back, but as it grows and reproduces, it moves upward, actively eating everything in its path.

Important! Damaged eggplants lag behind in growth, cease to develop fully and are distinguished by an oppressed appearance.

With further reproduction, the pest can be identified by the characteristic clutches of eggs, which are distinguished by a bright orange color, which are localized on reverse side leaves. Their appearance indicates that new individuals will appear within a week.

The need to fight

The Colorado potato beetle is a dangerous pest that is distinguished by voracity and endurance. Therefore, if you do not take necessary measures to save plants from its invasion, then the eggplant harvest can never be expected.

The most dangerous are young individuals of the pest, which, at the stage of active growth, feed on leaves around the clock, causing damage to plantings.

Note! After the destruction of one plant, these bugs move to the next one, and so on, until all nightshade plantings are completely destroyed.

Therefore, it is important to start the fight against the pest in a timely manner in order to prevent its further uncontrolled reproduction and to protect the future eggplant crop from the re-invasion of the Colorado potato beetle.

How to get rid of a pest

To protect eggplants during the growing season and secure plantings in the future, complex control methods are used. This is due to the special endurance of the pest and its resistance to the drugs used. Therefore, the processing of plants is carried out several times during the season. In this case, you should figure out how to properly protect eggplant from the Colorado potato beetle, starting from the stage of development of the bush.

Chemicals

Chemical pest control

To protect eggplant plantings immediately after landing in a permanent place, experienced gardeners recommend watering the plants with special preparations. This will protect the young bushes and make it possible to fully take root in a new place.

On a note! For processing, you can use drugs such as Prestige, Masterpiece. It should be carried out with a working solution, not exceeding the dosage of the component specified in the instructions for the product.

The second stage of processing should be carried out during the active growing season, which will create protection and help protect eggplant from a massive pest invasion. In this case, it is recommended to spray the plants on the leaf using any of the proposed preparations:

• Intavir;
• Decis;
• Aktar;
• Karate zeon;
• Presto;
• Twix.

The last stage of processing is carried out during the period of flowering and the formation of the ovary. This will help rid the eggplant bushes of the young pests that have appeared and prevent their further reproduction. During this period, you can spray the plants with similar preparations, as in the previous treatment, but choosing a different remedy.

Important! In August, when eggplant bushes enter the fruiting stage, you can save them from the Colorado potato beetle by spraying them with biological preparations, the main condition of which is short term waiting before harvesting: Aktotsid, Aktofit, Fitoverm.

Folk remedies

You can fight the pest on eggplant not only with the help of chemistry, but also with folk remedies. You can cook them at home using improvised ingredients:

• Wood ash. The pest does not tolerate this component, so you can save the planting by dusting the plants. It is necessary to do the procedure after rain or in the morning due to dew, since it is important that the bushes are wet and the ash lingers on the leaves.
• Herbal infusions. They are prepared from such components: garlic, onion peel, wormwood, celandine, tobacco, white acacia. To prepare the product, you need to pour 1 part of the collection with 2 parts of hot water and leave for 24 hours. Before spraying the leaves, add a little grated laundry soap, which will improve the adhesion of the product to the leaves.

Preparing homemade spray solution

Note! Apply folk remedies it is necessary at the first sign of damage to the bushes, since it will not be possible to save plantings during a massive invasion of the Colorado potato beetle without chemicals.

collection of beetles

A safe method of control is manual collection of insects. But you can use it if the site is located directly near the house, since this procedure is carried out daily after the first signs of the pest appear.

The collection is carried out in a specially prepared container filled with salt water. The method is considered effective, but too laborious, as it requires additional effort and daily time. The collection of the Colorado potato beetle with a mass accumulation should be carried out 2-3 times a day, and it will not be possible to completely get rid of the pest in this way.

Prevention

Many gardeners prefer not to fight, but to carry out comprehensive prevention from eggplant damage by the Colorado potato beetle.

To do this, several methods of struggle are used:

• Repellant plants. You can scare away the pest from the eggplant beds with the help of crops such as calendula, marigolds, celery, dill, nasturtium, mattiola.
• Plastic bottles. You can save seedlings in this way until the bushes grow much. To do this, cut off the bottom and top of the bottle, and then put a cap on each plant.
• Fencing. As a defense, you can use mosquito net or polyethylene, protecting the plantings with a special fence 50 cm high. This method is based on the fact that the Colorado potato beetle moves along the ground.

Which method of dealing with the Colorado potato beetle to choose, each gardener decides for himself. But you should not ignore the problem, otherwise the harvest may not come.

In our country, many gardeners grow eggplants in their area. It is customary for us to call this vegetable as blue. Not everyone knows this, but this vegetable has a lot useful properties, although summer residents prefer to grow it because of palatability. Eggplant is rich in carbohydrates and therefore very nutritious, easily satisfies hunger. And the hostesses make a lot of it different dishes both fresh and canned.

The Colorado potato beetle is a member of the leaf beetle family.

One of these dishes is eggplant caviar. Such a dish is so loved by our people that they even joked about it in a feature film. During the cultivation of this delicious vegetable, gardeners face various difficulties. One of these difficulties is the Colorado potato beetle. Today we will talk about how to get rid of this pest and save the crop.

Eggplant and its pests

Eggplant is a perennial herbaceous plant, which was cultivated in Asia, and from there, thanks to merchants, spread throughout the world. This vegetable came to Russia in the 17th century. It is also interesting that in our country this vegetable is usually called blue, although different varieties eggplant, have different colors.

Eggplant contains a large amount of vitamins and minerals. It is so useful that it can be eaten by everyone. It will be especially useful for people with a sick heart, kidneys and liver. Nutritionists recommend eating this vegetable as it is low in calories and is able to improve correct work intestines.

The dangers of growing eggplant outdoors

Eggplants love warmth and sunshine, so keep that in mind when choosing a garden bed for them. For blue, a well-lit piece of land is suitable, it is desirable that there are no cold winds at the planting site of this crop, especially northern ones. If you plant eggplant in a site that is not protected from winds and accidental frosts, you risk losing the entire crop of this crop. The best eggplant will develop at a temperature of 30 degrees above zero. If the temperature is low, then the vegetable will stop developing, and if it is hot outside, then the flowers that have begun will simply fall off. Therefore, with a strong decrease or increase in temperature, the plant is recommended to be covered.

Growing eggplants in open ground is possible next to peppers and tomatoes

For eggplant, it is important to observe crop rotation. You can not plant blue ones in the garden where tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, or eggplants themselves used to grow. But if cucumbers, beans, carrots or beets grew on this site earlier, then feel free to plant blue ones there.

Before planting eggplant, the ground must be fertilized, but do not use manure for this purpose, otherwise the plant will grow rapidly, but will not bear fruit. Next, the earth is dug up.

Since eggplant is a heat-loving vegetable, it is planted in open ground through seedlings. Seedlings at the age of two and a half months are called ready for planting. It is recommended to plant eggplant in open ground only after warm weather is established. When planting, the width of the bed should be a meter, a height of 0.3 meters, and the distance between plants 0.5 meters. The gardener can adjust the length of the beds at his discretion.

It is better to start planting seedlings in the evening, so that there is no burning sun. Before planting, the soil must be watered. Plant the plant in the hole until the first pair of leaves. After finishing, cover the ground under the plants with mulch. It will keep moisture in the ground and keep weeds from growing. Before watering, the mulch is removed, and then returned to its place.

Water the eggplant at least once or twice a week, and do it abundantly. After the flowers are tied to the plant, the number of waterings does not need to be increased, now water the eggplant under the root.

Colorado - a pest on eggplant

Hearing the name Colorado potato beetle, we immediately imagine this pest on potatoes. Not everyone knows about it, but these beetles, in addition to potatoes, are very fond of blue ones. When the tops on the potatoes begin to wither, then hordes of pests rush to the eggplants. And at this point they are just beginning to ripen. The Colorado potato beetle on its way begins to destroy the entire plant, both the leaves and the fruit that has set.

The question arises of how to destroy this damned pest and protect the crop? You can use chemicals and poison the beetles. But how much after such an impact on the plant will its fruits be edible? We do not want to poison anyone, but we want to get exceptionally healthy and wholesome food.

All gardeners are well acquainted with the main pest of nightshade crops imported from America - the Colorado potato beetle.

Where do Colorado beetles come from?

The Colorado beetle pest on eggplant is a tenacious and insatiable pest. Once in your garden, it begins to multiply and eat plants and its ripened fruits. Beetles endure winter in deep layers of soil, where severe frosts cannot reach. And in the spring, when the earth has already warmed up, the beetle wakes up from hibernation and comes to the surface. If there is still nothing to profit from in the garden, he is able to starve for up to two months. The female Colorado potato beetle can lay up to 500 eggs in one season, and she attaches them to inner surface leaflets where they are not visible to people. The hatched larvae continue to destroy the crop, like adult beetles, and then burrow into the ground, where they turn into a real insatiable beetle.

Due to the Colorado potato beetle, yields can be significantly reduced. He is able to cause irreparable damage to the plant, after which it dies. If you find such a beetle in your area, urgently take measures to destroy it.

Even if your garden does not have these insects, this does not mean that they will not appear in you. Colorado beetles are able to fly long distances looking for a suitable bed for them, so you need to know how to deal with them, even if you never had them.

How to protect eggplant from the Colorado pest

Apart from potatoes, the Colorado potato beetle loves eggplant most of all. If you grow this vegetable in a greenhouse, then the appearance of this pest there is doubtful. But if you grow blue ones in open ground conditions, then there is a high probability that this insect will appear on your plant. The sooner you find the Colorado potato beetle, the sooner you can take action and save your crop.

The method that we will describe will help prevent the appearance of these small pests in your area. And if there are no beetles on eggplants, then you won’t have to poison them with chemistry, and you will grow a healthy crop. For this method you will need:

• wooden pegs;
• nails;
• fishing line or wire;
• a tape 0.75 meters wide, for this you can use polyethylene or sugar bags.

When planting ready-made seedlings on the site, certain rules should be observed. You need to plant plants in a checkerboard pattern, creating narrow beds. You can make any length of the row. Now wooden pegs go to the entrance. They are slaughtered in the corner of the beds from all four sides. Then take the wire and pull it on the pegs. You need to hammer additional pegs every meter. This is necessary so that your structure is strong and does not fall. The number of stakes is adjustable depending on the size of your garden. Use pegs 0.8 meters long. Thus, after driving them into the ground, the part protruding on the surface should be 0.6 meters high.

By choosing the right eggplant seeds, you will get a good harvest.

Next, polyethylene tape (or a tape made from a sugar bag) comes into play. As mentioned earlier, you need to take a tape 0.75 meters wide. 0.6 meters will be on the surface, and we will bury 15 cm in the ground. The tape must be prepared in advance, its length should be such that it can cover the entire bed and plus an additional meter. If you are using sugar linen, you need to wash it first.

When the canvas is ready, you can begin to attach it to the pegs. It's better to start from the corner. The end of the tape is tucked into the mount and fixed with a nail. The nail is driven in in the middle and at the bottom of the peg. Thus, we pass along the perimeter of all the pegs. Having reached the place from which you started, you will still have a meter of film left. go too far corner mount and stretch the canvas to the next peg and fasten it there.

Protection for eggplant is almost ready. Now the remaining tip of the canvas must be carefully dug into the ground. After completing this procedure, the soil must be well trampled down. Now your blue ones will be protected from Colorado beetles and more. And what is also important, such a fence will protect heat-loving eggplants from strong gusts of wind.

It is not difficult to make such protection, but on next year You can move it to another bed after the eggplant. True, for starters, you still need to check the eggplants for the presence of beetles, because they could hibernate on this piece of land. In this case, you will quickly remove them and prevent them from multiplying.

Plants planted between rows of eggplants with a strong odor can scare away the larvae of the Colorado potato beetle.

There are other ways to deal with these pests. If the bed with blue ones is small and you can check the plants daily, then you can collect the bugs by hand, and cut off the leaves with eggs. Collected beetles are thrown into a container with kerosene or diesel fuel. And also treat the plants with wood ash, which is detrimental to the Colorado potato beetles and their larvae.

Even on the beds set traps for beetles. Place potato skins in a jar and brush sunflower oil. When the bugs fall into the trap, destroy them.

If these methods do not help, then the plants will need to be sprayed. Biologics are the best.

by the most dangerous pest blue is the Colorado potato beetle. But it can be effectively dealt with. different ways with and without chemicals.

Briefly about the pest

The potato leaf beetle was first discovered as a species in the 20s of the 19th century in western North America. There he lived on wild nightshades. And this beetle began to be called the Colorado beetle in the 1860s, after it destroyed potato plantations in the state of Colorado. Pests were repeatedly brought to Europe with vegetables, but at first the outbreaks appeared small and they were able to be destroyed.

But during the First World War, the Colorado potato beetle was introduced into Western Europe and from here, after a couple of decades, it flew to the territory of the Soviet Union, spreading massively in the 50-60s. These insects flew to new territories with winds (they fly at a speed of 8 km / h even without wind, and the wind only increases speed) and came along with vegetables. But after which vegetable you can plant carrots, and how to choose the right vegetables, this will help you understand

On the video - information about the pest:

Beetle females are very prolific: offspring are laid three times per season. Each clutch contains about 700 eggs. For the winter, these beetles hide deeper into the ground and sleep there until spring, enduring frost. And in the spring they get out and look for food, preferring nightshade.

Colorado beetles are voracious: in a month, an adult eats 4 g of leaves, and larvae - 1 g. If you do not fight them, then it is not realistic to get a good nightshade crop.

Chemistry on guard of the harvest

Most of the preparations that are used to treat potatoes from the Colorado potato beetle are also suitable for eggplant. For example, the Prestige insecticide of the German manufacturer Bayer has proven itself very well. This is a concentrated emulsion, it goes on sale in 60 ml bottles. But what is the Prestige means for processing potatoes, indicated in the article by reference.

There are two active ingredients in the preparation:

1. Imidacloprid.
2. Pentsicuron.

Also in the composition there are growth stimulants, due to which the yields increase. Active components are valid for 40-50 days. And then they break up and do no harm to human health.

Using the drug is simple:

1. Dilute the emulsion at the rate of 1 ml of prestige per 100 g of water and soak the seedling roots for 8 hours in the solution.
2. After 8 hours, plant seedlings and you can forget about Colorado for one and a half to two months. During this time, the plants will strengthen, fade and bear fruit.

There are a lot of chemicals that are effective in the fight against the Colorado potato beetle, each gardener chooses for himself. "Intavir", "Kinmiks", "Decis", "Sonnet", "", "Artelik", "Taran" have proven themselves well. Each of them must be used according to the instructions. By clicking on the link you can learn more about the drug from the Colorado potato beetle

Treatment with chemicals should be carried out before the flowering of the plant. In the future, if there are already fruits, it is dangerous to use insecticides for health.

But how to breed Corado from the Colorado potato beetle, and how effective this remedy is, is indicated

How to do without chemistry?

Although this is quite laborious, but without chemical treatment, “blue ones” can also be grown. The most effective ways:

On the video - how to process eggplant from the Colorado potato beetle:

Also, the method of spraying eggplant bushes with mustard has proven itself very well. Dry mustard powder 100 g is mixed with 100 g of table vinegar and the mixture is diluted in a bucket of water (10 l). This solution is sprayed on each bush. It will be necessary to process twice: at the beginning of the growing season and in the case when you notice an increase in the number of the Colorado potato beetle on the site.

It will also be useful to learn about what exists, and how exactly it can be applied for the best result.