Fertilizer for pepper during planting, during the growing season, in the greenhouse. Manure or bird droppings

Peppers and tomatoes are highly responsive crops to fertilization. If you want the plants to please you with an excellent harvest, then from the first days of planting seedlings, you need to make sure that the soil contains all the necessary trace elements for its growth and development. And since they will absorb them quickly and rather diligently, pepper fertilizers will have to be applied regularly as the seedlings grow.

Main difficulties

When talking with gardeners, you often hear that they stop growing peppers in their area. This is due to some difficulties, which is the cultivation of a heat-loving crop in our climatic conditions. Few people know what it is perennial shrub, however, we cultivate it exclusively as annual plant. Its fruits are loved by everyone, they are used to prepare salads, first and second courses, and are sources of vitamins and minerals.

Is it so difficult to grow them in Russia? Let's just say that it is possible, subject to a number of rules. We do not take into account the southern regions of the country. This culture has long term growing season, which means that in many regions of the country planting seedlings begins in February. This gives the plant a chance to bloom and grow fruits in a short, hot period. In addition, timely weeding and watering, loosening are very important factors. Do not forget to fertilize the soil on time. For pepper, this is one of the foundations of normal life.

We grow seedlings

To obtain good harvest, it is necessary to sow seeds in the ground in late January - early February. To do this, you need to prepare the boxes in advance, fill them with soil, water. After a couple of days, you can start planting seeds. The composition of the soil is the same as that which will be used for subsequent cultivation in open ground, greenhouses or greenhouses. You will need two parts of the earth, one peat and one humus. Everything is thoroughly mixed. If you take garden soil, then do not forget to disinfect it with potassium permanganate or exposure to high temperatures.

The first top dressing

Pepper fertilizer is a source of life and health. Only on nutrient-rich soil will seedlings grow strong and healthy. This means that it will easily transfer the transplant to open ground and take root without any problems. As soon as the seedlings have the first true leaves, it is necessary to feed them. The second stage - two weeks after the pick. The last time seedlings are fed 10 days before planting in the ground. Further, all activities will be carried out already at the main place of residence.

Best Cast

The ideal fertilizer for peppers during the first weeks of seedling life is complex, nutrient mixtures in which the nitrogen content predominates. If you have nowhere to buy it, then you can cook it yourself. There is nothing difficult in this. It is enough to dissolve 1.5 g of potassium salt and 0.5 g of urea, as well as 4 g of superphosphate in one liter of water. This is the starting composition, which will enable the plants to quickly gain strength and begin to grow. Top dressing of pepper seedlings is carried out by watering the pre-moistened soil with a nutrient composition.

As soon as the plants release the second and third leaves, it's time to pick. It is best if these are immediately cups designed for an individual fit. For example, peat.

Immediately after this, another top dressing of pepper seedlings follows. It is best to use urea for this. To do this, dissolve one tablespoon of the substance in 10 liters pure water. For the third time, immediately before planting in the ground, preparations containing nitrogen and phosphorus are used. Small amounts of potassium are acceptable.

Optimal dosage is the key to success

Fertilizers for the growth of seedlings of pepper should be supplied to the soil regularly, this is an essential guarantee of good growth and future harvest. Young peppers are the most unpredictable of all. garden plants. They can grow and develop normally, and suddenly, in an instant, they begin to dry out. Experienced gardeners say that this is just the result of a lack of nutrition. If you urgently apply top dressing, then the situation can still be saved.

It is useful to know what functions this or that substance has. Nitrogen is extremely necessary for building up the green mass of the stem, phosphorus - for a powerful root system. But the seedlings almost do not use potassium, it will be needed much later. But the number is a little more difficult to determine. Based on practical experience, we can say the following. As long as the plants are developing well, have thick stems and well-developed leaves, you can not bother to fertilize. And as soon as growth retardation is diagnosed, you can correct this situation with a new portion.

We stopped at this point because an inexperienced gardener may decide that granular compost, biohumus and other "charms" that are freely sold today in country stores can be poured under the root in unlimited quantities. It is unlikely that this plant will die, this is a fact, but they will begin to "fat". That is, you will get a huge bush with lush leaves that will refuse to bloom and produce a crop. All his energy will go to the formation of green mass. But if you really overfeed, then the leaves will lose their beauty, begin to curl and become brittle.

The main differences in feeding seedlings

Apply fertilizer for bell pepper need right. If you can simply water the ground in the ground, and only then go through the nutrient solution with the help of a watering can, then you will have to change tactics in the boxes. Here you moisten the soil in the evening, and fertilize in the morning. Otherwise, there is a risk of flooding root system. Fertilization tactics are of two types. In the first case, nutrients are applied under the root, and in the second case they are sprayed on green leaves. In the case of seedlings, it is the first option that is suitable, since nutrition must reach both the roots and the leaves.

The first nutritional cocktail is prepared in approximately the following proportions: 1 g of urea, 8 g of superphosphate, 3 g of potassium sulfate. This mixture must be dissolved in two liters of water. There is another trick. Before fertilizing bell peppers, it is recommended to sprinkle the ground in pots with ashes. Subsequently, the concentration is doubled. The frequency of application is two weeks.

Choosing a garden

The best thing to do is to plan spring plantings in advance, and for this you need to know what conditions pepper likes. Growing and caring outdoors is a bit easier than in pots. The main thing that a southern guest needs is warm earth with a high content of humus. It is best if the composition is sandy or loamy. That is, moderately loose. Good moisture is required, so peat, sod and leaf humus. It is best if legumes grew in the selected area last year. But the bed from under the tomatoes does not fit well, because they have only one pest.

The soil for planting pepper is prepared in advance. Since autumn, organic matter must be added to the selected bed. For example, rotted manure. This is optimal choice every gardener. You need to make it in the amount of 3-4 kg per square meter. Another option may be straw with the addition of nitrogen components. This is best options fertilizers for any kind of soil.

Top dressing in the ground

It's time to transplant our young peppers into the garden. Cultivation and care in will be largely determined by weather conditions. If the weather is hot and sunny, then you just have to add the necessary nutrients, as well as carry out regular watering. If it's cold outside, you'll have to organize additional protection in the form of a greenhouse or greenhouse. But more on that later.

The first dressing will be required two weeks after the young peppers have moved into open ground. For this purpose, the following solution is used. For 10 liters, you need to take two teaspoons of urea and the same amount of superphosphate. Under each bush, you will need to add about one liter of solution.

Mass flowering period

This is an important point, because right now your future harvest is being laid. The formed ovary will now grow and turn into useful vegetables. So that flowering does not go to waste, it is very important to add potash fertilizers. For pepper, this will be their first application since planting. To prepare a nutrient solution, you will need a teaspoon of potassium sulfate, a similar amount of urea and two tablespoons of superphosphate. The dosage is similar to the first top dressing.

fruit formation

When flowering is over, a small ovary appears on the bushes. Each of these buds can grow into a huge juicy and tasty pepper. For more intensive growth and development, the third top dressing is performed. To do this, for 10 liters of water, you need to take two teaspoons of superphosphate and potassium salt. If fruit growth is intensive, then this can be limited. But sometimes the gardener notices that, despite all efforts, the ovary continues to hang on the bushes unchanged, or the plant itself has stopped growing. If nothing is done, you can stay at the end of the season with tiny green fruits that are only good for winter preparations. Great solution will be a solution of urea. A bucket of water will take 30 g. It is best to do this in the evenings, for 5-7 days.

Indoor feeding schedule

Growing plants in a greenhouse has its own specifics. Here is another temperature regime, which means that the growth of peppers will be more intense. Respectively, nutrients much more will be needed. At the same time, do not forget that organic substances contribute to the productive formation of the crop, and minerals are necessary for proper plant growth. The ideal fertilizer for peppers when planting is water solution bird droppings. The concentration should be weak, maximum 1:15. You can also use mullein, here the proportions can be 1:10. These mixtures contain a complete set useful substances that contribute to the growth and development of crops. If the soil of the greenhouse is well manured since autumn, then organic matter can be replaced with potassium sulfate with superphosphate.

Mineral fertilizers for greenhouse peppers become very important about two weeks after flowering. Now comes the time of active formation and growth of fruits. The best choice will become organic with the addition of mineral fertilizers. By the way, the collection of the first fruits does not at all mean that plant care can be stopped. The third feeding is performed just at this time. The composition can be slightly changed. In some cases, gardeners believe that the best fertilizer for peppers - this is the above composition. Further top dressing is necessary only if the soil is very poor. Here, a mixture of superphosphate with mineral fertilizers is best suited.

Folk remedies

If you are against the use of chemistry, and there is no way to get rotted manure, then you can use other folk remedies. To do this, one tablespoon of wood ash must be dissolved in two liters. hot water. Mix and leave to brew for a day. Now it remains only to strain and use as intended. Ash as a fertilizer for peppers is a source of essential minerals.

For feeding, you can use eggshell. To do this, take the shells of two or three eggs, wash and dry. Now carefully grind, pour into a three-liter jar of water and let it brew for three days, stirring occasionally. During this time, the water will be enriched with magnesium and iron, calcium and potassium. As a top dressing, this infusion can be used, breeding one to three.

Another great recipe is an onion peel tincture. It not only saturates the soil with microelements, but also disinfects it, which is especially useful for young plants. It is very easy to prepare it, for this you need to take 20 g of husk per 5 liters of water and insist for five days. If you love coffee, try not to throw away the grounds throughout the year. It is dried and harvested, and then applied to the soil. So it is saturated with nitrogen and oxygen, which is very useful for plants. In addition, gardeners recommend storing dry banana skins. Crushed and added to the soil, they are also an excellent source of potassium and other nutrients.

Ready-to-use nutrient complexes

It is difficult to say which option is optimal. Some people prefer to grow their plants exclusively on natural top dressing, such as mullein or bird droppings. Others with early spring stocked with industrial solutions, powders and tablets, which are enough to be diluted in water and applied to the ground. Complex fertilizer for seedlings of tomatoes and peppers can be bought in liquid form or in granules. Trademarks may have different names, but the essence of this does not change. Check out the composition. If it has nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, then this is exactly what it is. mineral complex which you need. For pepper percentage should be N:P:K % 12.5:17.5:25. When fertilizer in the amount of 20-30 g per 1 square meter is evenly scattered over the surface of the earth, and then dug up.

The second stage opens during the growing season. Now the plants are additionally fed with a half dose. That is, 10 g per square meter is already used. The product is applied to moist soil and evenly distributed around, embedding into the soil. In addition, fertilizer is applied in the form of a solution. To do this, you need to take 10 g of powder for seedlings and 20 g for adult plants. A small amount of insoluble residue is acceptable. For seedlings, it is recommended to alternate top dressing with one watering with plain water. For adult plants, it is permissible to use it with each watering.

Instead of a conclusion

Pepper is a rather capricious crop, so in order to get a good harvest, the gardener must provide all the conditions for it. southern plant loves hot weather and abundant watering, as well as nutritious soil. If the first two factors are highly dependent on the climatic conditions of the region, then the third one depends entirely on you. The choice of dressings differs in the preferences of the gardener himself. You can ask for humus from a neighbor - a farmer, to supplement it wood ash and forest humus, and you will get excellent nutrition for your plants. Or you can just buy a special solution or granules in the store, which is enough in excess for the whole season.

And finally, advice experienced gardeners. After harvesting, sow the bed where you plan to plant regular barley peppers next season. As soon as the first green appears, mow it down with a sickle and leave it on the ground. It will enrich the soil nodule bacteria and heal her.

In order to get a rich harvest of pepper in the fall, it is necessary to regularly feed the plant throughout its entire growth, starting from seedlings. The main condition is to choose the right fertilizer for pepper, to know the exact norms and features of application.

Today this healthy vegetable bred all over the world, and America is considered to be its homeland. All existing varieties Peppers are divided into two types: sweet and bitter. Both sweet and hot peppers have a huge variety of cultivars. What pepper looks like depending on the variety, you can see in the photo:

Pepper loves a lot of light, does not tolerate high humidity and strong drafts. The best soils for culture - light sandy or loamy and in no case acidic. Cauliflower and white cabbage, cucumbers, onions and all legumes can be predecessors. It is forbidden to plant peppers after tomatoes and eggplants - they are subject to the same diseases as peppers. It is recommended to plant pepper in the same place every 4 years. If you do this more often, then the plants can be infected with pests and diseases that have accumulated in the soil.

In autumn, the soil is prepared for the cultivation of pepper immediately after harvesting the predecessors - first, nutrients are applied, then plowed and cultivated. In the spring, leveling harrowing is carried out, then leveling, and finally, just before planting seedlings, cultivation up to 15 cm deep.

Feeding pepper seedlings

Before sowing pepper seeds, it is necessary to prepare the soil for seedlings. The best organic fertilizer for the soil is manure or peat compost- per 1 sq. m of land contribute 3-4 kg. Pepper seeds will be perfectly accepted in the ground, which is fertilized with straw with nitrogenous additives.

It is very important to feed the pepper seedlings during their growth, so that healthy plants will grow out of them in the future. Already after the first portion of the fertilizer, you will be able to see its fruitful effect on pepper seedlings. But this does not mean that you can stop and no longer fertilize the plants.

Fertilizers such as urea and superphosphate are most suitable for feeding seedlings. And it is strictly forbidden to feed seedlings with potassium chloride, this can destroy young seedlings.

Feeding seedlings takes place in the following order:

1. When the first leaves appear on the seedlings, they pick and after 2-3 weeks the first feeding of pepper seedlings is carried out. For 10 l warm water take 30-40 g of superphosphate, insist for a day, then add 10 g of ammonium nitrate, 30 g of potassium sulfate and 10 g of urea.
2. Before you begin to introduce fertilizer, seedlings must be sprayed with water and watered the ground.
3. 50-100 ml of solution is added under each seedling and watered again a small amount water. This is done in order to wash off droplets of the solution that accidentally fell from the leaves.
4. An excellent fertilizer for pepper seedlings is bird droppings and slurry. Litter is diluted with clean water in a ratio of 1 to 5, and manure - 1 to 10.
5. Microelements in combination with water are also successfully used as a fertilizer. These can be zinc sulfate (0.5-1.5 g per 10 l of water), boric acid (1-2 g per 10 l of water), potassium manganese (1.5-2 g per 10 l of water), blue vitriol or ash (for 10 liters of water 2 g of vitriol or 200 g of ash).

Top dressing peppers in the open field

After the seedlings are planted in open ground, top dressing continues throughout the entire growth of the plant until the first fruits appear on the bushes and ripen.

Top dressing of pepper on the open ground is carried out in several stages:

1. The first feeding of pepper is carried out 15-20 days after planting seedlings in open ground. During this time, the seedlings will have time to take root, get stronger and will be ready to accept fertilizers. For the first top dressing, it is necessary to dilute 5 g of superphosphate and 10 g of urea, add to a bucket of water. Then it is necessary to mix the solution thoroughly and pour 1 liter of water under each seedling. It is advisable to do this carefully so as not to get on the leaves of the bush.
2. The next top dressing is carried out during the period of setting and ripening of pepper buds. At this time, pepper most of all needs such an element as potassium. It is necessary to dilute 1 tsp. potassium in a bucket of water, add 1 tsp. carbamide and 2 tbsp. l. superphosphate. Mix everything well and pour 1 liter of solution under each bush. Superphosphate is recommended to be added if soils are deprived of phosphorus.
3. And finally, the third top dressing is carried out after the ripening of the first fruits on the bush. For her, 2 tsp is taken. superphosphate, 2 tsp. potassium salt and diluted in 10 liters of water. Everything is mixed and, just as in the first two dressings, 1 liter of solution is poured under each bush of the plant.
4. If you notice that pepper bushes have begun to grow poorly, you need to fertilize them with urea. Take 30-35 g of urea per bucket of water, mix and spray the plants for 6-8 days.
5. An excellent fertilizer for peppers can be an infusion of young nettles in water with the addition of minerals. The bucket is filled with nettles to the very top and filled with water. After about a week, the tincture begins to ferment. After another 2-3 days, the nettle sinks to the bottom of the bucket, now the tincture can be filtered and mineral fertilizer added. The tincture is ready. If not add mineral fertilizers, it can be watered with pepper every 10 days, it is absolutely harmless.

Top dressing of pepper grown in greenhouses

Oddly enough, but peppers grown in greenhouses are fed with fertilizers according to a separate scheme. Organic fertilizers have a productive effect on the amount of crop, and mineral fertilizers are responsible for the growth of bushes:

1. The first top dressing is necessary 14 days after planting the seedlings in the ground. It is carried out with a mixture of bird droppings or mullein with water. Take 15 parts of water for 1 part of manure and 10 parts of water for 1 part of mullein. The resulting solution in the amount of 1 liter fertilize each bush of the plant. Additionally, you can feed the pepper with potassium and superphosphate.
2. After flowering itself, you can carry out a second top dressing of pepper. For her, they take a mixture of mullein with water, and in addition mineral fertilizers.
3. As soon as the first crop ripens, it must be harvested and the third feeding of vegetables should be carried out. For her, exactly the same scheme is used as for the second feeding.
4. If the soil in the greenhouse is very depleted, a fourth top dressing can be carried out. For it, a mixture of superphosphate with mineral fertilizers is used.

Additional feeding of pepper

Sometimes, in addition to the main fertilizer application scheme, additional feeding is carried out. This is necessary if you see that the bushes stop their growth, bloom poorly.

Additional feeding is carried out in this way:

1. If the bushes grow well but bloom poorly, stop feeding the plants with nitrogen, but add superphosphates with water.
2. If the pepper leaves begin to curl, you need to add potash fertilizers to the soil.
3. The acquisition of dull gray leaves on the underside indicates a lack of nitrogen fertilizers in the soil.
4. During the growing season, peppers may need spraying bushes, as the plant absorbs fertilizer faster.
5. Don't overdo it with fertilizers. This is not the case when the more the better. Especially it is impossible to abuse slurry, this can lead to loss of fertility.

When feeding pepper, it is necessary to take into account which fertilizer is intended for what, what it affects and what can happen in case of an overdose:

1. Do not abuse organic fertilizers immediately before planting peppers. Most of them are included in the predecessors.
2. The full dose of phosphorus and potassium minerals is applied in the fall under plowing, then at the time of sowing and with top dressing during the growing season.
3. A part of nitrogen fertilizers is applied before sowing and with top dressing, or the entire norm during the growing season.
4. Nitrogen fertilizers have a productive effect on the number of ovaries and fruit size, and an excess of this fertilizer can lead to a delay in ripening and a decrease in plant immunity to diseases. A lack of nitrogen leads to a loss of pepper fertility and to the oppression of the plant itself.
5. If the soil is required amount phosphorus, the rate of fruit ripening will increase, and the roots of the bushes will be strong. A lack of phosphorus causes the leaves to turn purple.
6. Potassium contributes to the balancing of vitamins and carotenes, and this, in turn, improves the cellular structure of the fruit and positively affects the brightness of the color. A lack of potassium leads to reddening of the edges of the leaves.
7. Magnesium deficiency leads to curling and yellowing of the foliage.
8. Before introducing fertilizers, it is advisable to conduct a special analysis of the soil in order to know for sure what additives the plant needs.

Summing up, we can say that feeding pepper and its seedlings with fertilizers has great importance for a rich crop of vegetables. It is important to introduce fertilizers in a rationed and according to the scheme, without abusing or overfeeding the crop. A plant that was properly cared for, fertilized and fed on time, will definitely thank you good growth and useful juicy fruits.

Pepper fertilizer. Video

Bulgarian pepper is bred artificially. Breeders have enriched wild vegetable vitamins, made it delicious. Today, a sweetish handsome man is a welcome guest on any table. Dishes with pepper are unusually attractive due to its bright colors. Because of a large number useful substances contained in the "Bulgarian" vegetable, it is often called a storehouse of health.

Culture features

Bulgarian pepper belongs to the "capricious" cultures. He is very fond of warmth and fertile soil, does not grow well on clay and excessively moist soil.

In central Russia, a vegetable is grown through seedlings. Seeds for seedlings are sown in warm ground February, early March. Young shoots require special care, which consists in maintaining the microclimate: illumination, temperature and humidity.

Seedlings grow strong if the seeds were treated with a nutrient solution, the picking of young shoots was carried out in a timely manner, it was established additional lighting, a favorable regime of watering and top dressing is provided.

A pick for peppers turns into a huge stress, so it is better to immediately place the seeds in a separate cup.

The soil is preferably loose and light. You can independently prepare the soil for seedlings by combining humus, sand and earth in a ratio of 2/1/1.

The root system develops well in soil-filled peat pots of small diameter. When planting in the soil, you do not need to remove the plant from the container, disturb the roots.

If any of the leaves of the seedlings turned yellow, know that the pepper "speaks" of excess water. Watering should be regular, and the pots should have holes to drain excess water into the tray. Lack of drainage will lead to rotting of the roots and death of the young plant.

Peppers are planted in unheated greenhouses in May, in open ground - in early June. Before planting, the plants are hardened: in the daytime they are taken out for several hours outside, of course, when the frost subsides, and the air warms up to +10 degrees and above.

A good yield of pepper is possible only on prepared soil. Peppers are planted on the ridges where onions or carrots, pumpkin or cabbage were grown. With autumn digging potash and phosphate fertilizers, and in the spring enrich it with ammonium nitrate.

Do not rush to fertilize peppers immediately after transplanting to permanent place. Firstly, top dressing should be carried out a couple of days before landing on "permanent residence", and secondly, all necessary for the plant trace elements.

If at this time some of the leaves turn yellow, it does not mean at all that the peppers need help. Changing the color of the lower leaves and their death is a natural process.

Fertilizer timing

Pepper loves to be looked after, and responds to an attentive attitude. Care consists primarily of top dressing. Untimely fertilizer affects growth and fruiting, slowing down both. When the stages of feeding are observed, provided optimal conditions for a bountiful harvest.

The first top dressing goes to seedlings when two true leaves appear on the sprouts. The next top dressing is carried out for seedlings developing at home, 14 days after the first. A couple of days before transplanting into a greenhouse or open ground, seedlings should receive another nutrient dose.

The difference in caring for peppers planted in a greenhouse and in open ground lies in the timing. Greenhouse plants fall into the ground earlier, therefore, they receive the next portion of fertilizers earlier.

Peppers are transplanted into open ground in early June, while they are covered with covering material, providing good ventilation. In both cases, plants need to be fed two weeks after planting. During flowering, plants need a lot of "food", so the next top dressing will help in the formation of ovaries.

During cold snaps, especially long ones, plants experience stress. Often, the surface roots die off, and the peppers have little strength left to continue development. To restore the fruiting process after cold days, foliar fertilization will be required.

Carefully monitor the condition of the bushes. By the color and condition of the foliage, you can always determine the plant's need for a particular element. Twisted leaves indicate a lack of potassium, and unfriendly flowering with good foliage indicates the need to add superphosphate and exclude nitrogen from the next top dressing.

Types and methods

There are two equivalent types of plant nutrition:

• foliar;
• root.

In the case of peppers, both types are used.

Root top dressing is necessarily carried out with well-soluble substances. Powdered substances are scattered on the ground into the grooves around the plant, granular substances dissolve in water and enter the soil during irrigation.

The nutrient solution is absorbed by plants much faster, so it is the most commonly used.

Watering should be done carefully, protecting the leaves from falling on them with fertilizer intended for root dressing. Drops of liquid enriched with fertilizers can cause damage to the leaves in the form of burns.

Foliar top dressing is more laborious, but no less useful. Adult plants during active flowering and fruiting can be sprayed every one and a half to two weeks. The more fertile the soil, the less often foliar top dressing is required. It is preferable to alternate both methods of fertilizing peppers.

Folk remedies

Most often, gardeners fertilize the land with organic fertilizers:

• peat;
• manure;
• bird droppings;
• humus.

Those who do not trust "store" products use folk remedies: yeast, ash, eggshell, iodine, herbal cocktails.

If you feed the peppers with yeast, this, as a rule, has a positive effect on their growth and immunity. Yeast is dissolved in warm water with the addition of sugar, insisted, then diluted in more water and produce root top dressing.

One drop of iodine dissolved in three liters of water can protect seedlings from diseases.

With a lack of potassium in the soil, wood ash is poured around the bushes.

Herbal infusions from weeds, including nettles, are useful for peppers. crushed weeds and lawn grass insist for several days, mix with clean water and water the plants.

Ready-made purchase options

Ready-made fertilizers contain everything you need for bell peppers. The recipe is selected for both seedlings and adult bushes. Well proven complex fertilizer for seedlings "Kemira-Lux".

A strong root system for peppers is provided by the Crystalon top dressing, which contains a sufficient amount of potassium and phosphorus.

How to contribute?

Fertilizer can be applied by watering and spraying. AT ready-made fertilizers purchased in stores, the dosage and method of feeding is indicated on the package. Fertilizers such as superphosphate and urea dissolve in water. Do the same with cow dung and bird droppings.

Spraying the bushes with a solution boric acid promotes:

• increased formation of ovaries;
• improving the taste of fruits;
• increase resistance to diseases.

When using chemicals, do not violate the established proportions.

And a few more tips from experienced gardeners and gardeners.

• Before planting peppers, you should not abundantly enrich the earth with organic matter.
• The soil for peppers needs to be prepared since the fall, to make phosphorus and potash fertilizers for digging.
• Before sowing, they bring into the ground nitrogen fertilizers. Nitrogen contributes to the formation of ovaries, but its excess negatively affects the resistance of plants to diseases.
• Peppers will notify about the lack of phosphorus in the soil purple leaves.
• The gardener must recognize the signals of plants and supply them with the necessary trace elements in a timely manner.

See the following video for errors when growing bell peppers.

Sweet pepper is a crop that gives a good harvest only on a cultivated very fertile soil. That is why its cultivation is impossible without additional nutrition - top dressing. Regardless of the level of soil fertility, organic fertilizers will always please the peppers, with the exception of fresh manure. And if you can refuse mineral fertilizers, then there is no organic matter, since it is vital.

Of the mineral trace elements, peppers love nitrogen during the period active growth leaves, but not later, so as not to cause an abundant build-up of green mass to the detriment of flowering. If you notice that the plants are lush, saturated green, and the flowering is small, then spray with a superphosphate solution.

Peppers always respond very well to phosphorus, magnesium and calcium, they begin to grow faster and develop a good root system. Potassium is fertilized depending on the weather conditions; in cloudy weather, the amount of microelements should be increased, and in sunny weather, reduced.

Feeding peppers

The first feeding should take place 10-14 days after, using a solution of mullein diluted with water (1:5) or granulated bird droppings diluted with water (1:20). Even for the first feeding, a complex mineral fertilizer is suitable (50-70 g per 10 liters of water), pouring 1 liter under a bush.

During the flowering period, fertilize with a mixture of herbs: per barrel (100 l) 5-6 kg of chopped nettle, dandelion, wood lice, plantain, coltsfoot, 10 tbsp. wood ash and 1 bucket of mullein, pour everything with water, mix and infuse for 10 days. Under each plant contribute 1 liter of infusion. Or use the BioMaster preparation, dilute 10 ml in 10 liters of water, pouring 1 liter under the bush.

During the period of active fruit growth, use a complex solution for top dressing. On a barrel (100 l) pour 250 g of nitrophoska and 5 l of mullein with water and leave for 7 days. Pour 1.5-2 liters under each bush. Or you can use the second composition: pour water into the barrel and add 10 tbsp. "Agricola Vegeta", mix and pour peppers 1 liter per bush.

After 10-12 days, fertilize with the following composition: pour a bucket of mullein, 0.5 buckets of bird droppings and 1 glass of urea with water in a barrel (100 l). Mix and infuse for 5-7 days. Water plants at the rate of 5-6 liters per 1 sq.m.

Before using fertilizer, always stir. Root top dressing Peppers always run on slightly damp soil, 1-2 days after watering.

AT additional top dressing peppers are needed if:

• there is a twisting of the leaves along the edges (lack of potassium);
• on the reverse side sheet is purple hue(lack of phosphorus);
• there is a gray tint on the back of the leaf (lack of nitrogen).

In order to feed the peppers with the necessary nutrition in a timely manner, you need to constantly monitor the condition of the bushes. Spraying on the ground part of the plants will lead to faster absorption of trace elements. Depending on the composition of the soil, peppers are fed 3-6 times per season, alternating organic matter with mineral fertilizer.

bell pepper is a plant loving warmth and sunlight. In the northern regions, in Siberia, in the regions middle lane In Russia, the cultivation of pepper is possible only through seedlings, since summer season not enough for the full ripening of fruits when sowing seeds directly into the ground. Nevertheless, Russian gardeners are growing with great success and pleasure. different varieties bell pepper both in greenhouses and in the open field. And although you have to tinker with it, they are not going to refuse the presence of this vegetable in their gardens.

Pepper is a whimsical plant. He does not like excessive watering, but he also has a negative attitude towards the drying of the soil. After each watering, it would be nice to loosen it, but not very deep, 5-7 centimeters deep will be enough. Loosening should be done carefully, since the peppers have a superficial root system.

With timely weeding, loosening, watering and top dressing, you can get a guaranteed decent result. Since the growing season for this crop is quite large, it is necessary to sow pepper for seedlings already in mid-February.

Article outline

What to do with seeds before sowing

1. Seed disinfection – necessary procedure to prevent pepper diseases. What to do: hold the seeds in potassium permanganate (pink solution) for half an hour, then drain the water and dry them.
2. Check if they match. It is better to find out now than after germination. What to do: wrap the seeds in gauze or some kind of rag slightly moistened with water, put in heat for about three to four days, constantly moistening the napkin. After this time, it will be clear which ones need to be sown - the seeds will hatch.
3. harden- this will help the plants to normally endure unfavorable conditions. weather. To do this, a saucer with seeds should be in the refrigerator for half a day.

How to sow pepper seeds

The soil must also be decontaminated before sowing peppers. For this purpose, the same solution is used as for seeds - manganese, color pink. Make a groove up to 1 cm deep and sow pepper seeds so that there is a distance of 2 cm between them. Cover with soil, stretch a transparent film over the edges of the container, put it in a warm place and wait for germination.

How to feed pepper seedlings

Timely top dressing is very important for growing strong, healthy seedling. The first top dressing is done in the phase of two true leaves, 10-14 days after picking:

• - half a teaspoon;
• - according to the instructions;
• Dissolve everything in 1 liter of water and pour gently.

The time of the second feeding is 9-10 days after the first, at which time the pepper has already released five leaves:

• urea - half a teaspoon;
• potassium monophosphate - a teaspoon;
• dissolve everything in 1 liter of water and pour over.

On the basis of these fertilizers, a water infusion is made: the mullein is diluted with water like this - one part of the mullein is diluted in four parts of water, and bird droppings - one part is diluted in ten parts of water.

Such fertilizers have a beneficial effect on pepper sprouts - the foliage becomes saturated green, and the root system is well developed.

Pepper in the open field - how to feed

When the age of the seedlings has reached 75-80 days, and the height is twenty centimeters, it's time to plant it in the garden. Pepper is not very good at transplanting. In order not to disturb him once again, many housewives put him in. And more diligent gardeners use improvised waste materials for sowing seeds: plastic container from under milk, sour cream, a bottle of mineral water or juice. They cut them to the desired height, pierce the bottom to drain excess moisture and that's it - the containers for planting are ready.

How to plant with the least stress for the plant

An important point: before you start planting in the ground, the seedlings should be well watered - it is easier to get the moist soil out of the cup. This is done as follows: carefully put a container of pepper on a barrel, squeeze lightly with one hand, and slowly pull out the pepper along with the ground with the other. Immediately insert it into the prepared hole.

How to prepare a hole

First of all, clean the bed of weeds, loosen it. Make holes, add humus to each and half a shovel. Mix with soil and water well. Pepper, together with a clod of earth, lower directly into this slurry, carefully straighten the roots and cover with the soil that was formed when digging the hole. Form an even hole and water again, trying not to wash out the fresh soil and not expose the roots.

For growing on open garden pepper varieties should be planted with early term maturation so that they have time to ripen before the onset of cold, foggy nights. After planting the seedlings in the garden, it is advisable to cover it with some covering material for several days until it takes root.

There is a way for diligent gardeners - again using plastic bottles. Only here you will need bottles of a larger capacity (5l). They need to cut the bottom, and cover the seedling with such a cap - you get a kind of mini-greenhouse.

When the temperature rises, you can simply unscrew the cap on the neck to ventilate. It is very convenient to use such greenhouses, and it is also easy to store them - put the bottles one into another, like a Russian nesting doll, and put them in a barn or in the attic.

What kind of soil do peppers like

Crop rotation is very important when growing peppers in an open garden. It is good to plant peppers after beets, carrots or cabbage. But after potatoes - it is not recommended, since it takes all phosphorus resources from the soil, and peppers, for which phosphorus is simply necessary for good development and fruiting, receive less of this element.

What to add to the soil before planting pepper

Pepper grows very well in fertile loamy soil. Doesn't work well with heavy clays. So, if the soil is exactly like this in the area where pepper is supposed to be planted, it is necessary to make it lighter by adding sand or peat during digging.

Well-rotted organics in the form of stale cow or mutton (goat) manure, two- or three-year-old compost are well suited. Use of fresh chicken manure when transplanting peppers, it is not recommended, the roots may burn.

The formed beds should be compacted from the ends so that they do not crumble, and left for a day or two to settle the soil. Then sprinkle superphosphate powder over the surface. It will do a double job: first, it will suppress pathogenic microflora, fungi, mosses and mold, and then, after the peppers have been watered several times, it will find its way to the root system along with water. It will be assimilated by the plant, and this is a valuable top dressing that will help improve taste qualities pepper.

Top dressing and care of peppers in the open field

Feeding peppers in a greenhouse

Greenhouse grown peppers tend to produce higher and early harvest. fruits by appearance more attractive than in the open field, which is of no small importance for sale, for example. The reasons for this lie on the surface: pepper is a heat-loving culture, it is much easier to create in a greenhouse the necessary conditions, there it will be protected from the weather, it is easier to make a support if it is needed, neither hail nor rain will beat it, respectively, the commercial demand will increase.

Soil preparation in spring

Before planting seedlings, it is necessary to disinfect the soil, and it is advisable to wash the greenhouse itself disinfectant solution and dry. For disinfection greenhouse soil again, the same potassium permanganate will come in handy. It should be poured half a liter per square of earth with a slightly pink solution of manganese.

If the soil in the greenhouse is too acidic, it must be deoxidized with wood ash or. In order for the soil to acquire the necessary friability, you can add rotted manure to it (also rotted). It will be nice to add to the ground when digging.

The greenhouse soil should be the same as in the open garden - nutritious, light and loose. The only difference is that a sorbent must be present in the closed ground, For example, . It will act as a kind of sponge, absorbing excess moisture from the air, so that later, if necessary, give it to the plants. And due to the fact that peat contains nitrogen and various trace elements, it will be an excellent top dressing for peppers.

To increase the fertility of the land in the greenhouse, it must be fertilized in advance with mineral or organic top dressings:

1. organic nutrition. A liter of slurry + dining room diluted in a ten-liter bucket of water. About 7 days before planting pepper seedlings, shed the soil at the rate of five liters of solution per square.
2. Mineral top dressing. Mix, and at the rate of 20 grams of each fertilizer per square of soil. Sprinkle soil and water.

How to fertilize peppers in a greenhouse

Autumn soil preparation

Autumn preparation of the beds begins immediately after harvesting. After removing the pepper bushes, it needs to be dug up, having previously decomposed compost or manure. If ready-made compost is used, you can lightly sprinkle it with wood ash (1 cup per 10 kg of humus).

It is imperative to apply mineral fertilizers, and the application rate should be slightly higher than usual. This is due to the fact that in winter part of the fertilizer will dissolve in the soil complex. Based on the square of the soil, superphosphate and potassium sulfate should be scattered 50 grams each. When spring comes, the soil must be dug up.

How to feed sweet peppers

Bulgarian pepper, like any vegetable, needs good food especially when fruit appears.

First dressing

It is carried out on the 15th day after transplanting to the garden, usually at this time the flowering of plants begins.

You can use organic matter as a fertilizer, but this must be taken care of in advance. About a week or five days before the intended feeding, you need to soak bird droppings or mullein in water.

Such an infusion is used as follows: one part of bird droppings should be diluted in fifteen parts of water, and one part of mullein infusion in ten parts of water. Water under each bush.

In the absence of organic matter, fertilizing with mineral fertilizers can be done:

superphosphate (40 grams) + ammonium nitrate(40 grams) + potassium sulfate (20 grams) stir in a ten-liter bucket of warm water. Water under each bush.

If there is neither organic matter nor "mineral water", then it is good to drink peppers with "herbal tea", which will not be difficult to do:

1. All weeds, weeded from the beds on the site, finely chop or cut with secateurs.
2. Having discarded the roots, place in a barrel at the rate of 6-8 kg of green mass per hundred liters of water, pour a glass and a half of wood ash and a bucket of manure.
3. Pour in water, mix thoroughly, insist a week and a half.

Despite the not very pleasant smell, pour 1.5-2 liters of this “tea” under each bush. The result will not keep you waiting.

Second top dressing

Done a couple of weeks after the first. At this time, fruit ovaries are already forming. If the first top dressing was mineral, then the second should be organic, since the alternation of top dressing is important.

To make organic fertilizer, you need (based on one hundred liters of water):

• urea - a glass;
• bird droppings - half a bucket;
• last year's manure - a bucket.

Put everything in a container, pour water, mix thoroughly, let it brew for a week. Water half a bucket per square soil.

If the pepper stems and shoots have become brittle, dark green in color, then the soil contains a lot of nitrogen.. This situation can be easily corrected by feeding the peppers with this solution: potassium sulfate (a teaspoon) + superphosphate (a tablespoon) in a bucket of water.

Feeding peppers with baker's yeast

Such top dressing is the provision of peppers with the necessary nutrients with virtually no cost. The basis is phosphorus and nitrogen elements, they also include vitamins, minerals, organic iron, etc. Receiving this top dressing, the plant develops the root system well and increases the green mass.

Thanks to his chemical composition, yeast protects peppers from various diseases and pests, helps to develop soil microorganisms that increase soil fertility.

There is only one drawback in yeast nutrition - in combination with yeast, potassium is decomposed. To restore the potassium balance, wood ash should be added to the yeast solution.

Yeast feed recipe

1. From fresh yeast. Dilute a kilogram bar of fresh yeast in five liters of warm water, insist for a day. For watering, add a liter of infusion to a ten-liter bucket of water.
2. From dry yeast. Stir a bag of dry yeast in a ten-liter bucket of water + sugar (2 tablespoons). Infused for two hours. For irrigation, dilute a half-liter jar of solution in a bucket of water.

This top dressing can be done twice during the summer. Expired yeast should not be used for infusion. In order for the fertilizer to have good efficiency, the soil should not be cold, that is, such top dressing should be carried out in warm weather, preferably in the afternoon.

It is very important to remember: after introducing the yeast, you should sprinkle the soil with wood ash or add it to the yeast solution.

How to feed sweet peppers

Useful tips for growing peppers

Sometimes there is a problem with pepper pollination. Well, pollinating insects don't fly! It is necessary to lure them to the site using tricky spraying: when flowering begins, dissolve half a glass of granulated sugar in one liter of warm water, add half a teaspoon of boric acid and spray the bushes.

As mentioned above, you need to do an alternation of organic and mineral dressings so that there is no distortion in the composition necessary elements to one side or the other.

1. Fertilizers with a high nitrogen content are applied when the plant is gaining growth before flowers appear, and when fruits begin to form.
2. If buds do not appear on the pepper for a long time, it means that it is overfed with nitrogen, that is, a lot of herbal infusion or manure has been added.
3. If the formation of ovaries is not visible during flowering, it means that the greenhouse is either too humid, or too hot, or too cold (temperature below + 13 ° C). In this case, you can spray the plants with Bud or Ovary preparations.

In addition, to protect peppers from stress, in bad weather, you can use Ecoberin, Novosil or, or spend foliar top dressing using calcium nitrate (half a tablespoon per bucket of water).

Fertilizers containing phosphorus are necessary for the plant when active fruiting has begun.

With a lack of calcium in the soil, blossom end rot can appear on the plant.. This can be recognized by the appearance of a white spot on the fruit, which will later rot. Blossom rot is not a disease. Thus, the plant makes it clear that it lacks calcium or potassium. It is necessary to use calcium nitrate (0.2% solution).

Properly using top dressing, timely watering and loosening the plants, you can achieve the highest harvest strong, beautiful and very tasty peppers!