What top dressing tomato is effective. Fertilizers for open ground and greenhouses

Growing a good crop of healthy and tasty vegetables on your site is not an easy task. Only those who strictly observe the rules of agronomic work wisely use the scientific and scientific knowledge accumulated over the centuries. practical experience, works according to an algorithm verified to the smallest detail, and does not invent the wheel, they achieve enviable results in a noble gardening business. In the list of the most favorite vegetables of farmers, a place of honor belongs to tomatoes and cucumbers. So: what fertilizers for tomatoes in open ground (and not only) will help get a good harvest? About everything - further.

In the southern regions, tomatoes are grown in open ground. Where the climate is more severe, greenhouses and greenhouses are built. Landless, i.e. homeless city dwellers, who cannot drown out the call of their ancestors, adapt the balconies and loggias of high-rise buildings for mini-gardens and get amazing tomato crops.

Growing conditions for a good tomato crop

Before starting any work, the first question is: do the conditions allow you to do well what is planned? Necessary and obligatory initial conditions to obtain a crop of tomatoes are the presence of light and heat, sufficient moisture and fertilizer for the soil and leaves. The deficiency of these components at any stage of plant development negatively affects the growth, flowering, setting, ripening of fruits and their taste. Although for light, moisture and heat-loving tomatoes, the absence of these components is said to be a matter of life and death, the importance of timely application of the necessary fertilizers should not be underestimated. To do this, we will find the answer to the question of what kind of fertilizers are needed for tomatoes in the open field, and which ones are needed in greenhouses and greenhouses. When and how is it more efficient, and most importantly, is it safer to feed tomatoes and which is better - organic or chemistry?

One thing is certain - you need to know when to stop so as not to get a store of nitrates instead of healthy vegetables.

Fertilizers at the stage of seed germination

If earlier the method of soaking in settled warm water was used to germinate seeds, now they are increasingly resorting to drugs that stimulate growth. Ecologically harmless "Guamat", "Zircon" and "Epin" are especially popular among farmers. Solutions with them are not only effective in stimulating growth, but are also a source of beneficial trace elements for tomato seeds. According to the instructions, the temperature of the solution should be about twenty degrees. For a better effect, the seeds do not need to be completely flooded, it is enough to put them on a pre-ironed towel well moistened with a solution and place them in a warm place for a day or two.

It is important not to miss the moment of germination. Fragile roots can dig into the fabric, and the extraction process, even with tweezers, harms them. At the first stage, the use of potash fertilizers and solutions of mineral salts, for example, an ash solution, which have a depressing effect on seeds, is strictly prohibited. In general, experienced farmers warn beginners that in the matter of fertilizers, in general, “it is better to under- than over-”.

Soil fertilizer for seedlings

If the seeds are selected, prepared, disinfected, germinated according to the rules, then the quality of the crop is laid down at the stage of growing seedlings from them. For this, a special nutrient substrate is prepared. Fertilizer for tomatoes and cucumbers at the first stage of soil preparation is applied the same. The main components are humus or biohumus, decomposed peat, river sand.

They can be taken in equal proportions, you can increase the proportion of humus or peat. It all depends on what is easier to get.

As a fertilizer for tomatoes and cucumbers, add (per bucket of nutrient mixture): a glass of ash, thirty grams of superphosphate and ten grams of potassium chloride.

In the composition, where peat and humus are equally divided, add two glasses of ash, sixty grams of superphosphate and twenty potassium sulfate.

Another recipe from the piggy bank of experienced gardeners: peat, sod land and mullein are taken as a percentage, respectively, seventy-five, twenty and five. Fertilize with ammonium nitrate, potassium chloride and superphosphate. They are taken to a bucket of the mixture, respectively, fifteen and forty grams.

Some farmers believe that at the stage of seedling germination, mineral fertilizers and fertilizer with tomato ash are not needed. It is better to take as the main component garden soil where nettles have grown for many years. Peat should rot well, sand is better than river sand, and to maintain calcium balance, add a glass of finely crushed shell to the nutrient mixture chicken eggs. But fertilizing a tomato with yeast in the early stages will not give an effect. It is recommended to disinfect the soil for seedlings. This can be done by watering the seedlings with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, easier - potassium permanganate.

A more troublesome way is to steam the nutrient mixture in a bucket on a fire or in an oven.

Soil preparation for planting seedlings in the garden

Sandy, light loamy, moderately acidic soil types are good for tomatoes. All vegetables of the nightshade family (and these are potatoes, peppers, eggplants and tomatoes) deplete the soil, taking everything from it in the process of growth. nutrients. Therefore, planting them on the same bed for more than two years in a row is dangerous for the crop. And they are bad neighbors, because they have the same pests and similar diseases. Tomatoes grow well after zucchini and cucumbers next to carrots, onions and spicy herbs. Before planting hardened seedlings in the soil, it is necessary to apply organic fertilizers for tomatoes in open ground. It is prepared from a bucket of humus, half a liter of infusion wood ash and a teaspoon of urea. This amount is enough for a plot in square meter. Fertilizer is scattered and the bed is dug up.

Fertilizers at the stage of formation of ovaries

About two weeks later, when the seedlings take root in open beds, potash and phosphorus fertilizers are applied for tomatoes. At the stage of formation of ovaries, nitrogenous dressings should be discarded. They cause a strong growth of green mass at the expense of flowering. To stimulate the formation of ovaries, a universal fertilizer for tomatoes without chlorine "Sudarushka-tomato" is well suited. An aqueous solution is prepared: for ten liters of settled water - a teaspoon of the product. Up to half a liter of solution is poured under each bush.

At the stage of formation and ripening of tomato fruits, a balanced top dressing is necessary. Among gardeners, only the lazy one does not know about the solution of nitroammophoska. The fertilizer does not contain nitrates. Dissolve two tablespoons of the substance in a bucket of water. This nutrient fluid is enough to water the soil under the roots of ten tomato bushes.

Soil fertilization in greenhouses

At the stages of seed germination, preparation and planting of seedlings, the means and methods of fertilizing tomatoes in a greenhouse are similar to those described for an open area. The problems that greenhouse owners often face begin when they are waiting for the ovaries. Tomatoes bloom profusely, but there is no fertilization. The root cause of the lack of ovaries in greenhouse tomatoes may be air stagnation in the greenhouse. Under such conditions, self-pollination is impossible. So you need, firstly, to ventilate the greenhouses well, and secondly, to help pollen scatter - gently shake the inflorescences in the morning. If there were no problems with lighting, temperature conditions, and watering, if they did not overdo it with nitrogenous fertilizers in the early stages, then phosphate fertilizers for tomatoes in the greenhouse are also needed. Good reviews about the concentrated potassium compound KH 2 RO 4, from which a solution is prepared at the rate of ten grams per bucket of water.

They are carried out at root dressing during the flowering of tomatoes. According to experienced greenhouse growers, solutions of any fertilizer for their vegetables should be less concentrated than for soil rocks, because. in humid greenhouse conditions, the absorption of trace elements occurs faster and more completely.

Foliar fertilizer application

In addition to a strong root system, the leaves of tomatoes can absorb nutrients well. The foliar method of feeding plants is based on spraying the leaves with nutrient mixtures. This is a highly efficient method because trace elements reach the goal faster. The lack of basic phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen can be replenished urgently. But the method is considered unsafe. It is important to remember that the concentration of fertilizer in foliar spray solutions must be very low so as not to harm the leaves and especially the fruits. The scheme and schedule of foliar top dressing are similar to watering fertilizers under the root. To stimulate growth, seedlings are sprayed with a solution of urea, not more than four tenths of a percentage. Next, use nutrient solutions of nitrophoska. For obvious reasons, all spraying is best done in the evening so that the nutrient solution does not evaporate under the sun, but fully works for the crop.

natural fertilizers

Fertilizing a tomato with yeast - this method has long been known. It is simple, low-cost and, most importantly, absolutely safe. For a bucket of settled warm water, twenty grams of yeast dissolved with a spoonful of sugar is enough. The solution is left to ferment for a day in the warmth, then poured into a barrel with a capacity of one hundred liters, and the positive effect of "growth by leaps and bounds" will not take long. There are creatives who prepare cocktails from yeast and rotten apples, old jam and banana peels to water their pets. Just imagine the taste of tomatoes after such feeding.

Tomatoes are one of the most beloved crops by gardeners. This annual plant belonging to the Solanaceae genus. You can grow them outdoors, but the best option are the greenhouse and film shelters. For getting high yield requires regular feeding and good lighting. However, not all gardeners know how to feed tomatoes, and in what period it needs to be done for the full growth and development of tomatoes.

Fertilizers for open ground and greenhouses

Top dressing of tomatoes in the open field, namely when transplanting seedlings, is an important point that many gardeners miss and suffer from the resulting poor-quality crop. Initially, you need to treat the soil with a solution of potassium permanganate to disinfect it. The answer to the question of how to feed tomatoes when planting in the ground is ordinary saltpeter. It is brought directly into the hole for 1 tbsp. spoon. This procedure is carried out in order to also facilitate the engraftment of seedlings.

Advice. Also, a complex of fertilizers can be added to the hole: superphosphate, ash and compost. Organic fertilizers are applied in a glass, superphosphate 20 g.

When planting tomatoes in a greenhouse, it is also desirable to feed them. How to feed tomatoes in this case and what to use for this? Here you can use ordinary dry yeast. Means is being prepared in the following way: for 3 bags of yeast, 2 tbsp. a spoonful of granulated sugar, 0.2 kg of ash and 1 liter of liquid mullein. All components are dissolved in 1 bucket of water. The infusion is concentrated, so it must be diluted (1 liter per 10 liters of water).

Tomatoes

Further feeding of tomatoes

The first top dressing is needed as soon as the tomatoes are planted. How to fertilize tomatoes during this period? Top dressings are root and foliar. Most often, gardeners use the first type, completely forgetting about the second, considering them useless. And completely in vain, since they have a better effect on the growth of tomatoes and fruiting.

Foliar top dressing of tomatoes is extremely useful. The fertilizer falls directly on the leaf, is absorbed by it, and the plant receives additional nutrition much faster than if you apply top dressing at the root. But the benefits of root dressings are also obvious, the main thing is to produce them on time and use suitable means.

foliar top dressing

The first dressing of tomatoes is done 10 days after picking. For further fertilization, the instruction is as follows: feed 1 time in 10 days. Under this regime, the plants will be resistant to diseases, easily resist pests, and the yield will be greater.

First dressing

During the period of seedling growth, special ready-made dressings are most often used. For example, it can be Zdraven for seedlings of tomatoes and peppers or universal. Breeding is recommended in accordance with the instructions.

After the tomatoes are planted in a permanent place, the type of fertilizer changes. It depends on the fertility of the soil. If it is poor in nutrients, then organic and mineral fertilizers should be applied.

From organic matter, an infusion of mullein or bird droppings is recommended. Sprinkling the earth with ash with the next watering also has a positive effect. You can make an infusion of grass, let it ferment and use it as a top dressing.

From mineral fertilizers with poorly fertile soil, nitrophoska and other complex fertilizers are suitable, if the soil is fertile, then potassium sulfate or potassium magnesia. The consumption of all these types of fertilizers is 1 tbsp. spoon for 1 bucket of water. Watering is carried out under the root.

Second top dressing

The second feeding coincides with the flowering period of the second brush and the beginning of the formation of ovaries on it. How to feed tomatoes during this period?

During the second feeding, a whole complex of organic and mineral fertilizers is used. Prepare the following composition:

• 10 l of mullein solution (can be replaced with a solution of chicken manure);
• 1 st. a spoonful of any mineral fertilizer;
• 3 g blue vitriol;
• 5 g of potassium permanganate.

The resulting solution needs to feed the tomatoes at the root. The consumption of the solution is:

• undersized tomatoes - 1 l;
• determinant tomatoes - 1.5 l;
• tall tomatoes - 2 l.

You can also make top dressing that promotes the formation of ovaries. For these purposes, superphosphate has proven itself well (1 tsp per 5 l hot water, stir and set aside). The solution is intended for root top dressing.

Tomatoes during this period are also very responsive to foliar feeding, when 1 g of boric acid and magnesium sulfate are diluted in 10 liters of water. Plants are sprayed with the solution.

The simplest and most affordable fertilizer during this period is ordinary ash, which is scattered on the soil surface. You can also prepare an infusion (10 teaspoons of ash per 10 liters of water, leave for 7 days). Such top dressing, applied with watering, accelerates the growth of fruits.

Important! The introduction of boric acid is necessary if its deficiency is observed. You can notice by the appearance of the plant: the growth of the bush slows down, the ovaries form poorly, and the fruits have an irregular shape.

Third top dressing

The third feeding coincides with the period of active fruiting. They use the same composition as for the second top dressing, but it is imperative to pay attention to the appearance of the tomatoes. If there are few fruits, and there is a lot of green mass, then the nitrogen part is excluded from the composition of the fertilizer or simply fertilizing with ash.

Foliar top dressing for diseased tomatoes

What fertilizers are needed for foliar top dressing if the plants do not feel very comfortable in the open field?

If there is a slowdown in the growth of tomatoes, pallor of the leaves and weakness of the stem, then urea is used. To do this, 1 teaspoon of fertilizer is diluted in 10 liters of water and sprayed.

Important! Top dressing is also good because it is suitable for processing from pests and diseases.

When flowers fall, boric acid is used (1 teaspoon per 10 liters of water), and calcium nitrate will help out in low light (15 g per 10 liters of water).

Boric acid

If the plant looks weak, depleted, then after nitrogen top dressing, foliar top dressing is carried out with urea and calcium nitrate (for 10 liters of water, 10 g of urea and 15 g of nitrate).

The best fertilizers for tomatoes

As indispensable assistants in the cultivation of tomatoes, many gardeners note the following fertilizers.

Borofoska

This tool is used in rainy weather, when nutrients are washed out of the soil, on sandy soils, and also if crops that absorb large amounts of phosphorus and potassium were previously grown at the planting site of tomatoes. It is allowed to use as top dressing throughout the summer. Allows tomatoes to make up for the deficiency of potassium, magnesium and phosphorus. The benefits are obvious: the yield increases by 20%, the fruits become larger, flowering is longer. At the same time, the soil retains a supply of nutrients for the next season.

For your information! Borofoska (application specifically for tomatoes) is the most common fertilizer among gardeners.

Ammophoska

Universal fertilizer that can be used everywhere. It contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur. It is especially necessary to make it on sandy, clay and marshy soils.

Important! Together with ammofoska, organic fertilizers can also be used, from which the result will only improve.

Ammophoska as a fertilizer (application for tomatoes, peppers and cabbage) is justified in various terms. So, when the question arises of how to fertilize tomatoes when planting in the ground, you can safely answer, Ammophoska. It helps plants to better transfer the transplant. Since it contains potassium, it can be safely applied during the periods of flowering and fruit set, because it is at this time that tomatoes need potassium fertilizers.

Ammophoska

Fertik

For infertile soils, you can buy a Fertik. This is a relatively young drug that is produced on the territory of the Russian Federation, but Finnish raw materials are used. The product is available in small granules of pale red color and in the form of a concentrated solution. The fertik is dissolved in the required volume of water, according to the instructions, and top dressing is carried out at the root. You can also apply from autumn.

Zircon

The Zircon preparation is very important when growing tomatoes. But it is not only a root former, in connection with which it is used as a fertilizer for tomatoes during transplantation, but also increases resistance to diseases and is a growth regulator. Good for seed germination.

baby

The Malyshok preparation is recommended to fertilize the soil both for seedlings and for an already adult plant. It contains all the elements needed for good nightshade growth. Its use has a positive effect on the growth and root formation of the plant, rapid fruiting and helps tomatoes adapt to stressful conditions.

Baikal

Do not lose sight of biofertilizers, one of which is Baikal. In practice, it has been proven that when growing tomatoes using this preparation, you can get a rich harvest (from one bush up to 150 kg). In order to achieve such success in your area, you need to act strictly according to the scheme:

1. A container without a bottom is made from a barrel or boards for planting tomatoes with a volume of about 1 m².
2. Holes are drilled along the perimeter of the container for oxygen access.
3. A 10-centimeter layer of urgasy is laid out at the very bottom.
4. On it is the same layer of soil mixture, which consists of turf, Baikal biofertilizer, ordinary earth and EM compost, taken in equal proportions.
5. At the beginning of May, 1 tomato seedling is planted under a film shelter in a prepared container.
6. The lower leaves are cut off and, after drying, another 10-centimeter layer of soil mixture is added.
7. This procedure is carried out as the plants grow until the container is completely filled.

What will the gardener get from growing tomatoes in this way:

• the bushes will have a very powerful root system;
• such a plant does not need to cut off stepchildren, so a real giant grows - a whole tomato tree;
• the first collection will be a little late, not earlier than mid-July, but the fruiting will be long (until mid-October), since such bushes are resistant to cold snaps.

Folk remedies

Not only mineral fertilizers for tomatoes are used on household plots. Folk natural dressings are very popular. They contribute to proper development and long-term fruiting.

Iodine

Ordinary medical iodine is widely used for growing tomatoes. It contributes more rapid maturation fruits.

Important! Iodine is a prophylactic against late blight, which causes great harm to tomatoes.

It can be used both indoors and outdoors. As soon as the landing is made on a permanent place, 2 weeks after the first dressing of the seedlings is carried out. In the future, it can be carried out every 2 weeks. In 1 bucket of water, dissolve 4 drops of a medical preparation and water the plant under the root. For 1 plant, up to 2 liters of solution will be required.

Nettle

Top dressing of tomatoes in open ground is very important. Nettle infusion is well suited for this. It contains many nutrients: potassium, magnesium and calcium.

To make it, you need young nettles before they bloom. The greens are put in a bucket, compacted and filled with water. In this form, it should stand for 2-3 weeks. The container can be placed in the sun to speed up fermentation. Every 2-3 days the infusion should be stirred.

Such top dressing can be used weekly, after its introduction, mandatory watering is required. If you do not like the smell of nettle fermentation, then you can add valerian root to the container with the solution.

Nettle as a fertilizer

Tomato diseases and their prevention

In the process of caring for tomatoes, you need to not only think about how to feed the tomatoes, but also how to protect them from diseases and pests.

Tomatoes are most susceptible to such diseases:

• mosaic;
• late blight;
• top rot;
• leaf curl.

This list can be continued for a very long time. The main thing to understand is that the plant hurts less, it is very important proper care. And in order to prevent the development of diseases, it is important to detect the first signs in a timely manner and either begin treatment or destroy diseased bushes.

Disease prevention also plays an important role. For these purposes, copper oxychloride, homa, are suitable, which are diluted as a solution of the required concentration and sprayed on plants. You can combine this procedure with foliar feeding. It is an effective tool for combating late blight, spotted rot and macrosporiosis - the main diseases of tomatoes.

Which of the above means - a special one ready from a store or a folk one - to choose, each gardener decides for himself. Some are sure that they have not yet come up with anything better than complex ones and give preference to them, others do not want to water the garden with “chemistry”, therefore, according to the old-fashioned method, they use ash and chicken droppings. Both have pros and cons, which must be weighed before applying under the root or spraying the bush.

Kira Stoletova

Tomatoes prefer fertile soil and constantly need to be fed. In order not to harm the plantings, the gardener needs to know which fertilizers for tomatoes in the open field can be used and which cannot. With proper nutrition of tomatoes, you can expect a good and tasty harvest.

Where to place beds

Successful cultivation of tomatoes depends on where you place your beds. This place should be well lit for at least 6 hours a day. Cold wind gusts and drafts can be detrimental to your tomatoes.

If earlier nightshade grew in the garden, then it is possible to grow tomatoes on it only after a few years. This is explained by the fact that insect larvae from nightshade continue to live in the ground for some time and can adversely affect tomatoes.

Suitable plots of land with deep underground streams. But do not choose very wet soil. The beds should be placed in an easterly direction in the southern part of the garden. Thus, the earth will equally heat up to the desired temperature. The beds can be of different heights. In the north of the country it is better to do high beds, in the depths of which organic fertilizers.

Soil preparation

So that top dressing of tomatoes in the open field does not damage your plantings, you should study its composition in advance. different soil has a different ratio of useful trace elements. Tomatoes love the soil, which is well saturated with useful substances. This greatly speeds up the process of fruit growth. In the fall, you need to start preparing the land in the country for the cultivation of tomatoes. If you do not have time to do this, then prepare the soil in your garden in early spring.

autumn

In the autumn period, you will need to start the process of preparing a piece of land for the cultivation of tomatoes. For this purpose, the earth must be dug up. In the process of its work, it is necessary to add 5 kg of organic fertilizers per 1 sq. m of land.

Tomatoes are sensitive to acid levels in the soil. You can find out the level of acidity with a piece of litmus paper. If the acid level is elevated, chalk will need to be added to the soil before winter sets in.

Sometimes food waste is used to fertilize tomatoes in open ground. Potato peel is suitable as top dressing. It is laid in the soil in the autumn when digging.

spring

In case of impossibility of autumn preparation, it is necessary in the spring, in the process of digging, to add organic fertilizers to the soil. For this purpose, manure is suitable. If you have already managed to prepare the soil in the fall, then at the beginning of spring you only need to loosen the soil.

At the beginning of spring, before the digging process, mineral, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium salt should be added to the ground. These substances are applied before planting seedlings. The earth is leveled with a garden rake and recesses are made in it for plants.

When to fertilize

Decide ahead of time and make a list of fertilizers for outdoor tomatoes. For root or foliar feeding, mineral substances, organic and complex fertilizers are used. They are brought in after landing.

If you notice signs of a lack of nutrients, you can carry out additional root or foliar feeding.

Root top dressing

Tomatoes in open ground should be fertilized 10 days after planting. During this period, the seedlings will take root and be saturated with useful trace elements. During this period, your tomatoes almost do not grow. If the tomatoes do not start growing for 10 days, you will need to feed them. Once again, tomatoes need to be fed after 15-20 days.

Make a feeding schedule so that for the entire growing season, the tomatoes are fed 3-4 times. In case of a lack of nutrients, it is recommended to make additional feeding. This will enable your tomatoes to quickly make up for the lack of substances.

foliar top dressing

Top dressing of tomatoes in open ground is mainly carried out foliarly. You can engage in the process of spraying the leaves with useful solutions several times during the summer season, but take a break from 10 to 15 days. To do this, you can use different fertilizers.

Foliar feeding helps to compensate for the lack of useful trace elements and protect tomatoes from diseases and bugs.

• Before the appearance of flowers, tomatoes on open ground can be fertilized with urea. It is necessary to dissolve 1 tsp. substances in 10 liters of water.
• During the appearance of flowers and ovaries, phosphorus fertilizer is used. The liquid is consumed in the same amount as in the recipe described above.
• Systematically spray with a mixture of boric acid, copper sulfate and urea. To do this, simply add one teaspoon of the substance to one bucket of water.
• Boric acid can be applied at all stages of plant cultivation. It will protect against many insects, so planting care is minimized.

You can make foliar top dressing for tomatoes by folk recipe. Take milk, whey and medical iodine for this. This solution will protect your tomatoes from various diseases, insects, and will also supply them with useful trace elements.

Mineral fertilizers

There are many recipes for how to make various mineral fertilizers on your own.

• During the first feeding, fertilizers are used, which contain nitrogen, it activates the growth process of vegetables: dilute 1 tablespoon of the substance in a bucket of water.
• At the stage of formation of ovaries and the appearance of fruits, a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is suitable, a growth stimulator must be added to it - potassium humate.
• During the period when the fruits are actively ripening, they require nutritious vitamins and elements P and K.

Mineral and phosphorus fertilizers are not applied dry. It is necessary to fill it with water 24 hours before the start of feeding the plants.

organic fertilizers

Organics are used to feed tomatoes before the formation of flowers.

Excessive application of organic top dressings is not recommended, as this affects the yield level of tomatoes.

cow litter

Livestock dung is a popular fertilizer for tomatoes. They are used to make mullein. Plantings are treated with such litter according to the feeding schedule.

According to the recipe for 4 buckets of water, take one bucket of cow dung. The solution with litter is stirred and allowed to brew for several days in a room with a high temperature. The prepared mixture is diluted with water. Litter contains nitrogen, necessary during the growth period.

chicken manure

Such a mark is good replacement fertilizers. But chicken manure should not be used in its pure form. It can be used with water, or in combination with mineral fertilizers.

You can make an infusion: add 1 liter of chicken manure to a bucket of water. Then mix everything and let it brew. After that, add water until you get a liquid chicken solution.

Mix of organics

Summer residents are advised to use fertilizer, which is obtained by mixing manure, poultry excrement and minerals. Such top dressing will saturate your vegetables with a whole range of nutrients.

You need to mix in a bucket of water 1 cup of chicken excrement and exactly the same amount of cow manure. The consistency should be liquid, therefore, if necessary, you can add water. Let the solution stand before use.

Compost

Compost is a good, inexpensive and popular organic fertilizer. This fertilizer can be prepared at home.

In a bucket of grass, add half a glass of lime, the same amount of ash and 1 tablespoon of diamide carbonic acid. After adding water and insisting the solution in a bucket for a couple of days, you can safely use the liquid for irrigating tomatoes.

Herbal tincture

This tincture is a good way to feed tomatoes.

It is necessary to cut the grass, fill it with water and cover with a lid. Any herb from the garden will do. It is better to use several varieties of plants at once. When the grass begins to ferment, you need to open the solution and let it infuse for 10-12 days.

When the tincture is ready, it must be filtered and water added to form a mixture. Brown color. It is allowed to add a little wood ash, manure or minerals to the herbal infusion.

coffee top dressing

Coffee grounds are considered useful for planting. It contains vitamins and minerals - N, P, K, Mg and many other elements. Such a fertilizer is considered neutral, as it contains a safe level of acidity for the soil. You can sprinkle dried coffee grounds near the stem of the plant, then water the plant.

Another way to make coffee grounds is to take two parts coffee grounds, one part straw, and one part leaves. All components should be mixed, and laid out on a clean surface so that it is overheated. The mass is covered with thin cellophane or simply sprinkled with earth. Fertilizer will be ready in 21 days.

After such feeding, tomatoes will be saturated with the substances necessary for full growth and development.

Worms like leftover coffee grounds. Being engaged in loosening the earth, they supply the soil with oxygen. As a result, the roots of tomatoes breathe easily and grow.

Yeast top dressing

Yeast is used to fertilize the root system of tomatoes. They have an active amount of vitamins and nutrients. Yeasts release gases and heat during their fermentation, which has a beneficial effect on the plant. Remember that you can apply yeast feeding when the earth warms up well.

Fertilizer can be obtained by adding yeast to warm water. To speed up the process, add a couple of tablespoons of sugar or homemade jam to the container. At the fermentation stage, add 2-3 liters of warm water to the solution.

You can water the tomatoes with the resulting liquid. After such feeding, tomatoes grow quickly and create a lot of ovaries. Watering tomatoes with this liquid is not advisable more than 3 times during the entire growing season.

Fertilizer complex

In the later stages of cultivation, organic fertilizers are used in combination with mineral or other substances that contain a high level of such chemical elements, like P and K.

• Manure and nitrophoska are poured into a bucket of water. Water must be added to this solution.
• For 10 liters of water, add 0.5 liters of mullein. Orthoboric acid and potassium sulfate are added to the liquid.
• You can dilute the mullein with plain water, then add the ash. Plantings can be treated with this solution.

Before feeding tomatoes, be sure to water them with plenty of water.

factory fertilizers

You can use ready-made fertilizers for feeding tomatoes. They contain a whole set of basic and additional substances. Such dressings are used strictly according to the instructions.

Of the finished fertilizers, the following can be distinguished:

• Top dressing based on potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus. Such granules are grey colour. The composition contains all the useful substances in the right amount.
• Kemira. Fertilizer is used for root feeding of seedlings at all stages of cultivation. Fertilizer is laid in the ground dry along the perimeter of the plant trunk. The granules dissolve during watering and saturate the fruits with useful elements.
• Mortar. Everything is included necessary elements that are needed for the proper development of tomatoes. The fertilizer dissolves without residue in water and is quickly absorbed by plants.

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Use organic and mineral fertilizers, as well as various available substances and food waste. You can fertilize tomatoes different ways: watering them under the root, or spraying the leaves of plants.

Subject to these rules, you can grow ripe and tasty fruits.

Fertilizers for outdoor tomatoes must be applied regularly, even if the soil is considered fertile. Only in this case it will be possible to remove a large number of delicious tomatoes. But feeding with nutrients must be carried out according to certain rules, otherwise you can harm the vegetable garden.

Top dressing of tomatoes in open ground should be carried out at least three times during the entire growing season, but if the soil is not fertile, then much more often. In open beds, tomatoes are more likely to face adverse factors, so you need to help them resist diseases, cold snaps, and winds. Besides the fact that fertilizers increase the resistance of plants to various bad conditions, they also help to improve the quality and quantity of the crop.

If tomato bushes lack some element, then you can determine this by appearance. How to fertilize tomatoes will tell the color of the leaves of tomato bushes.

1. From an excess of nitrogen, the plant begins to "fatten". The greenery is dense, the stems and branches are thick. With a lack of this element, the leaves, on the contrary, become pale with a grayish tint. Flowering and fruit formation is delayed.
2. Phosphorus deficiency can be recognized by the purple color of the leaves. If there is a lot of phosphorus in the soil, then the leaves begin to turn yellow, dry and fall off.
3. The plant can also dry out with a lack of potassium. If a white coating has formed on the stem and leaves, then its application should be reduced.
4. Phosphates should be eliminated when the leaves curl and dry. An excess of potassium and nitrogen leads to similar problems.

Thus, before applying fertilizer, you need to do right choice. Minerals can be used organic compounds. Widely used organic products, which are able to compensate for the lack of nutrients in the soil. Various ingredients can be used: eggshell, banana peel, yeast, wood ash.

How to feed tomatoes after planting in the ground, there are many recipes for self-preparation of the composition, you can also buy a ready-made preparation.

After the seedlings are planted, it must be left alone for 7-10 days. During this time, the bushes adapt to a new place and take root. Do not worry if it was noticed that in the early days the bushes are sluggish and do not develop. The fertilizers laid down during the preparatory work will soon give strength, and in a few days the sprouts will begin to straighten out.

If the leaves on the planted bushes have not recovered, the stem looks sluggish even after 15 days, then the first feeding is carried out. Then top dressing is carried out every 2.5 weeks. Especially in dire need of additional elements vegetable crop during flowering and fruiting. Foliar top dressing in the form of spraying can be carried out more often.

Preparatory work on the site

In order for the growing process to bring pleasure, and there are no problems, you must first choose appropriate place for beds. The site should receive enough light for at least 6 hours per knock, there should not be constant through winds.

Tomatoes feel good in the beds, where cucumbers, cabbage, and legumes were previously planted. You can not plant for about three years on the land where the nightshade crop was harvested, for example, eggplant, potatoes. These vegetable crops are subject to the same infections and pests.

Before planting seedlings prepare the soil. Preparatory work they begin in the fall, when the entire crop is harvested and the tops of old plants are removed. The soil is recommended to be dug up and mixed with organic fertilizers. Ideal for manure, compost, peat.

When hyperacidity soil, it is necessary to add lime chalk. It is not difficult to measure the indicators, it is enough to buy a litmus strip in a specialized store and lower it into the ground.

If in the fall it was not possible to carry out all the preparatory activities, then it is not too late to do this in the spring. An infusion based on organic components, manure or humus is added to the dug up earth.

The last step is the preparation of holes for planting bushes. The distance between the recesses depends on the variety of tomato. If tall varieties are selected, then the distance should be at least 50 cm. For low-growing plants, the interval can be reduced to 35 cm.

Planting sprouts should be preceded by fertilizing directly into the wells themselves. The day before transplantation, the wells are filled with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Then you can fill them with wood ash, eggshell or pour pre-prepared yeast infusion.

Characterization of organic components

How to feed tomatoes in the open field depends on the composition of the soil, weather conditions, the condition of the tomato bushes and the stage of their development.

The most popular organic fertilizer, not only for open beds, but also for greenhouse tomatoes, is mullein.

Such top dressing can be used at any stage before flowering. Based on it, a liquid infusion is made. Fresh cow dung should not be applied to the soil, as this can lead to a burn of the root system and the plant will die. Fresh manure is poured with water and left to infuse in a warm place for a couple of days. During this time, the nitrogen will have time to decompose and will not harm the vegetables. The finished solution is once again diluted with water and poured under the root.

During flowering, the need for nitrogen decreases, but the need for phosphorus and potash fertilizers increases. At this time, you can use complex formulations based on mullein. You can combine mullein with nitrophoska, boric acid and potassium sulfate or with wood ash. The selected components are filled with water, thoroughly mixed and applied directly under the root.

Outdoor care for tomato beds is not complete without bird droppings. It contains a large amount of nitrogen. In fresh form, it is also forbidden to bring to the beds. An infusion is made from it. Chicken manure is filled with water. Leave to infuse for 2-3 days. Before watering, the solution must be diluted with water.

During the formation of ovaries and fruiting, it is useful to feed tomatoes with a composition based on mixing chicken manure with superphosphate and potassium sulfate.

Many experienced vegetable growers make a composition of manure, bird droppings and mineral components at the same time. Organic components are poured with water and infused. After that, potassium sulfate and boric acid are added to the infusion. Before use ready solution diluted with water.

Compost is an infusion based on crushed grass. But you can use a more nutritious composition. Lime, wood ash and a little urea are added to a bucket of chopped grass. All components are poured with water and left to infuse.

Herbal infusion is very popular. You can grind any meadow herbs, but nettle, dandelion, quinoa, chamomile have the greatest nutritional value. You can take a few herbs for the infusion. The selected greens are filled with water and left to infuse for 7 days. During this time, the contents should ferment. Then the solution must be filtered and diluted with water.

Ordinary dry or live yeast can be used to prepare nutrient formulations. Thanks to such top dressing, the plant will develop better, form more ovaries, reduce the risk of developing diseases and pest attacks. You can water the plants only when the earth warms up well. Yeast is poured with water and left to infuse.

Root watering should be done in the evening, when there is no rain and sun. After fertilizing, you need to water the beds with ordinary settled water.

Mineral fertilizers

Fertilizers can also be purchased at the store. There are verified and effective drugs which protect the plant from adverse factors and contribute to its accelerated development.

Top dressing of tomatoes in the open field and in the greenhouse by experienced vegetable growers is most often carried out by the following complex compositions.

Nitroammophoska in its granules contains a large number of trace elements. The granules can simply be scattered between the tomato rows, or you can make a liquid solution. Dissolve 50 g of granules in a bucket of water. As soon as they dissolve, you can start watering. One bush should take about a liter of solution.

Kemira Lux is rich in trace elements that begin to act immediately after they enter the soil. Available in liquid form or in granules. The composition promotes the colonization of beneficial bacteria, improves resistance to infections, and increases productivity.

Tomatoes after planting in the ground can be fertilized with Mortar. The drug is allowed to be used for foliar or root top dressing. Only 15-20 g of the substance needs to be dissolved in 10 liters of water. For a certain growing season, you can choose a separate series. If the seedlings do not develop well after planting, then it is better to choose Mortar brand A, during the fruiting period, brand B will benefit. During the period of fruit formation, top dressing is carried out every week.

Agricola-3 is rich in three main components necessary for growth, development and fruiting - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Magnesium is an additional component. In one liter of water, 2.5 g of the substance must be diluted. It is necessary to apply fertilizer only under the root.

You can independently prepare mineral fertilizers for tomatoes based on folk recipes.

• Top dressing with a high nitrogen content can be prepared from ammonium nitrate.
• Nitrophoska and sodium humate will be useful during the formation of ovaries and fruiting.
• Phosphorus and potassium cannot be dispensed with during the ripening of tomatoes. For cooking, you need potassium chloride and superphosphate.

For each store preparation, you can find detailed instructions for use and breeding, which must be strictly adhered to. Not only a lack, but also an overabundance of trace elements can adversely affect the development of a vegetable crop.

Foliar feeding

In addition to root dressing of tomatoes after planting in the ground, it is also useful to carry out foliar spraying with nutrients. If root top dressing for the entire growing season needs to be applied 3-4 times, then foliar spraying with nutrients can be carried out at intervals of 10 days.

1. Before the flowering period begins, the leaves can be treated with a urea-based solution.
2. During flowering and the formation of ovaries, it is useful to treat with a solution of superphosphate.
3. Useful composition of boric acid, copper sulfate and urea. All components are taken in equal quantities and filled with water.
4. You can spray the plant with a solution based on only one boric acid.
5. Many gardeners use a recipe based on milk and iodine for processing. Milk and a few drops of iodine are added to a bucket of water. This composition is able to saturate the plant with microelements and protect against the penetration of pathogenic bacteria.
6. You can prepare a solution from wood ash, which will replace any other complex fertilizers. The ash is poured with water and boiled for 30 minutes. After the solution has cooled, it is diluted with water, crushed soap is added and the green part of the plant is sprayed.
7. To process greens, you can mix Fitosporin and Zdraven.

Phytosporin is a biological product that enhances plant immunity, promotes its recovery in case of damage, accelerates growth and improves development. Phytosporin can be used as preventive measures every 10 days. Dissolve 5 g of powder in a bucket of water.

Fertilizer Zdraven helps to strengthen the root system of vegetable crops, reduces the formation of barren flowers, improves the taste of fruits, and increases disease resistance. On the 14th day after transplanting the seedlings, a solution can be prepared. On a bucket of water you need to take 15 g of the substance.

Foliar nutrition will help not only make up for the lack of any substances, but also protect against diseases and pests.

Foliar treatment should be carried out before 10 am in dry, calm weather. It is recommended to combine foliar fertilizer with treatment from pests and diseases.

​Related Articles​

This year it is GUMI Kuznetsov (natural fertility elixir). For 10 liters of water - 2 tablespoons of elixir.​

Types of dressings of tomatoes

Stepchildren should be removed ("How to properly stepson tomatoes"), as well as all the lower leaves before each new flowering brush. Remaining 2-3 top sheet enough for food and photosynthesis. If tomatoes are grown in hot regions, heavy pruning can harm the plant because the leaves help protect against overheating.​

It also has a very good effect on the growth of tomatoes. In order for the roots of tomatoes to take root faster during planting, it is recommended to add one tablespoon of urea with the addition of superphosphate to each well. But this is not enough, do not forget about the regular watering of your plants. But if you have done top dressing with urea, you can’t do any more top dressing throughout the summer.

After you managed to plant all the tomato bushes, it would be right not to water them until the seedlings take root. Adaptation occurs from 8 to 10 days, and only after that you can open the irrigation period. It is necessary to water the bushes under the root, avoiding getting liquid on the leaves, this can lead to disease of tomatoes. It is also undesirable to water the tomatoes with the help of rain, because although the plant receives the necessary moisture, at the same time the temperature decreases and the humidity of the air rises, which tomatoes really do not like.

Thus, if you follow all the rules for growing tomatoes, dose fertilizers correctly and provide the plant with various types of nutrients, then, in the end, you will get big harvest juicy and tasty tomatoes.​

First of all, plant nutrition occurs with the help of organic fertilizers, which are organic compounds containing plant nutrients needed for good development and harvest. Manure is a natural organic fertilizer for tomatoes.

This "green manure" works well against late blight. At least, it seems to me that after I started using it, there were almost no cases of phytophthora on leaves, fruits. In 2013, only a few tomato fruits (5 pieces) growing in open ground were thrown out from one bush. On the rest of the bushes, I did not notice any signs of phytophthora. And for the next two years, my tomatoes did not have phytophthora either. Although I suspect that the reason for this is not only top dressing, but also a dry hot summer.

Foliar top dressing of tomatoes

The second popular question: feeding tomato seedlings after picking - how and when. The first time you should feed the tomatoes 10-12 days after planting the seedlings. And what and when read above.

1 teaspoon of boric acid, copper sulfate, urea (kabamide) per 10 liters of water.

Tomatoes variety Evpator

1. It is very important to observe the temperature regime. For this, a special thermometer is used, which is placed in the soil mixture of the pot.
2. Top dressing of tomatoes with boric acid is used only once for the entire season. This is no longer recommended. Otherwise, you will completely spoil your crop. Or you won’t wait for it at all.
3. It is worth watering the vegetables in the afternoon - in this way it is the roots that will absorb all the liquid and it will not evaporate.
4. In this video you will see how to fertilize tomatoes and what needs to be done to get a rich, generous harvest.
5. Of course, before using this tool, you should pass through the compost and in no case use it raw. This folk method of feeding is very effective, because. the manure of hay-eating cattle has a huge amount of nutrients.​
6. But, for example, the 2014 garden year began with rainy weather. Humidity, both in the greenhouse and in the garden, is high. To prevent the appearance of late blight (tomatoes), powdery or downy mildew on cucumbers, zucchini, I additionally treat the plants with a solution of whey (1 liter per 10 liters of water), to which I add 10 drops of iodine. This solution is especially beneficial for tomatoes. Iodine helps to increase the number of ovaries, and whey inhibits the growth and development of pathogenic fungi.
7. Desirable, I would even say, foliar and root dressings are required when tomatoes begin to bloom. Do not miss the deadlines - the number of ovaries and the harvest will depend on this.
8. Weak solution of manganese.
9. So, two weeks have passed since you planted tomato seedlings in a greenhouse or open ground. It's time to feed the plants. Top dressing of tomatoes in open ground or greenhouse - is there a difference? What types of top dressings are there? Last years gardeners (those I know) prefer organics, trying to use less mineral fertilizers, but they do not completely refuse them. Home-made cheap, but very effective "green manure" is very popular. But about him, a little lower. ​

Foliar is when we apply the same nutrient solution directly to the leaves of plants. This kind

The first feeding of seedlings is carried out in a week and is repeated every ten days. Top dressing is made from mineral fertilizers. Also, mulch ("Mulching the soil") or compost (" compost pit with your own hands").

Root top dressing of tomatoes

In case you are having financial difficulties. And there is no way to buy fertilizers, then this problem can be solved. To do this, it will be enough to water your tomatoes with infusion of weeds. The ratio is 1:5 where 1 is a bucket of weeds and 5 is the number of buckets of water. Do the calculation yourself, depending on how much you need to water the roots. Tomatoes, no matter what variety they are, love only uniform watering. They should always be watered moderately, avoiding drying out. In the event that after a drought, simply pour tomatoes with water. They will begin to crack fruits. Therefore, in order to avoid this, you must first simply moisten the surface of the earth where the tomatoes are planted with a light watering. And after a while, water abundantly. If the weather is cool and cloudy in summer, then 2 liters of water once a week will be enough for tomatoes. In hot and sultry weather, such watering should be arranged twice a week. But it is better, of course, to organize a daily uniform wet nutrition for your plants (if you have time). IN early age tomatoes have a small need, during the fruiting period it increases significantly, but you should try to avoid excess water.

What can not be said about if you water the tomatoes in the morning. Also, do not water them too often, especially before the fruit set, you just need to open the soil access to moderate moisture, but try not to flood it. But after fruit growth begins, tomatoes need more water. At this time, watering should become more frequent in order to maintain the level of moisture in the soil at the same level. ​

Few people know that the tomato is one of the most demanding and capricious vegetables. He loves the sun and heat, and does not tolerate excessive humidity and strong winds. That is why, when a gardener wants to get good tomatoes, planting and care in the open field must comply with all the rules for their maintenance.

Another option for feeding a tomato is bird droppings, which is a very strong fertilizer containing a large amount of nitrogen.

1. For the prevention of late blight, I alternate treatments. Once with a solution of whey, and the other with a solution of Fitosporin. This drug not only protects tomatoes from the development of late blight, it also nourishes the plants with bioactivated microelements, especially its new modification - Fitosporin-M. Sometimes I skip lactic acid treatment, but I definitely replace it with a Fitosporin solution, which well suppresses the development of fungal and bacterial diseases on plants.
2. Lactic acid solutions (whey) with the addition of 0.5 cups of sugar (10 liters).
3. Tomatoes in the open field

feeding tomatoes

If tomatoes are cultivated in open ground, then top dressing should be done with solutions of complex mineral fertilizers. A week after planting the seedlings, tomatoes are fed with solutions with elements of potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen, which they consume the most. Subsequent top dressings are made until the end of fruiting every 2-3 weeks.

In order to get a good harvest, you need not only good seedling. But also proper care. Particularly active care is required during the flowering period. Usually, the first dressing of seedlings is carried out after the first picking of tomatoes. At the moment when the plant feels good, it has thick and dense stems of leaves. If you have just such plants, then top dressing can be done no earlier than 10 days before planting in the ground.

It can also happen that individual bushes begin to wither. The reason for this may be an insufficient amount of sunlight, which is not detrimental to the vegetable. Therefore, you should not pull out or cut the bush, if it has begun to fade a little, you do not need to water it too much either. If possible, you can try to open a little space so that more light enters this bush. In a few weeks, the bush will come to life again, and the tomatoes will take on a healthy look, and you will not be deprived of a crop.

Since we know that a tomato is a heat-loving plant, the time when tomatoes can be planted in open ground is determined by atmospheric phenomena and weather. That is, as soon as the soil warms up a little, and there are no more frosts at night, seedlings can be planted. May is usually the month when tomato planting becomes possible. The second half of the month or the beginning of the next is best suited for landing.

But chicken manure is not very actively used in tomato fertilizer, because. has a very strong odor and contains helminth eggs and weed seeds that can harm the plant as well as benefit it. But science has been able to solve this problem too. To date, gardeners are offered to use chicken manure to fertilize open ground not in raw form, but in dry form. It is dried at very high temperatures, which provides cleansing of unnecessary, but the preservation of nutrients and odor reduction.​

Do not forget that moisture high humidity in greenhouses or in the garden during the rainy period, it is beneficial for the development of phytophthora, other fungal, bacterial diseases. Be sure to treat your seedlings, do not wait for the first signs of the disease to appear. If the disease began to manifest itself, then it is too late to fight it and it is practically useless.

I try to do foliar spraying of tomatoes in the greenhouse in the morning so that the nutrient solution is absorbed by the evening. At night, the plants should be dry.

All these foliar solutions are very effective in nourishing and protecting tomatoes from diseases, especially late blight, other fungal diseases.

How to feed tomatoes in a greenhouse or open field

Root top dressing is used by most gardeners. It nourishes plants through the root system, that is, it is watering with nutritious mineral or organic solution under the root.

Or a greenhouse is better to underfeed than overfeed. Therefore, when planting seedlings from mineral fertilizers, I use only ash and compost. After planting - fertilizer based on humates with Fertika Universal. And that's all. The following top dressings are only organic.

mineral or organic fertilizers has a number of advantages. First, it allows you to save fertilizer. Because when we apply them under plants, a significant part of the nutrients is washed out with irrigation, during rain, not all nutrients get to the plant.

When watering tomatoes, it is necessary to direct the jet to the middle of the aisle. Erosion of the soil and exposure of the roots is not allowed, water should not fall on the fruits and leaves. Watering is done in the first half of the day. The water temperature should be below 20-25 C in warm weather, and warmed up to 25-30 C in cold weather. With good soil moisture, tomatoes can survive temperatures of 32-35 C.

During the flowering period, the next top dressing is taken one glass of wood. One liter of mullein infusion, 1.5 tablespoons of superphosphate and all this is thoroughly dissolved in 10 liters of water. Mullein infusion can be replaced with green manure infusion. It is very easy to cook it. To do this, you need to take a container with a volume of 20 liters and place the mowed grass there and fill everything with water. Close the container very tightly and let it brew for a week in the open sun. After the infusion is ready to filter it and put it in the dark for later use. But do not forget to feed the plants before flowering itself, this is necessary so that the flowering process itself is successful. As soon as the first ovaries appear, you need to start feeding for this, such a calculation is made 1 liter of mullein infusion or green slurry. Two spoons of superphosphate. 1/3 teaspoon of copper sulfate. Two glasses of water for 10 liters of water. The same mixture can be used to feed tomatoes during the ripening period.

After you have watered the bush, it is worth loosening the soil around it and removing the weeds. The loosening depth should be about 8-12 cm in order to open the roots to good oxygenation and warming of the soil. In the future, the loosening depth decreases to 4-5 cm. You should be very careful with this stage of processing tomatoes, because soil compaction can damage the root system.

But still, before planting seedlings, it is worth knowing its variety and features of planting. In addition, the climate of the area where the tomatoes are planted has a great influence on the timing of planting. So, for example, in some areas you can plant tomatoes already in February, because there is a milder and warmer climate, but in places like Siberia and the Urals, you can plant vegetables not earlier than mid-March, or even early April, if you want. get a harvest of tasty and healthy tomatoes.​

Nitrogen can also be obtained from legumes. You just need to make a few plantings of legumes in the ground where you plan to plant tomatoes, and you will not need any fertilizers and top dressing, because legumes they are excellent soil enrichers with nitrogen and also, thanks to their developed root system, they also become soil disintegrators.
So, the answer to the main question. What fertilizers, what top dressings are the best for tomatoes? Mineral or organic?​

If you have little time to care for tomatoes or it is difficult to find all the components of top dressing that Anna Nepetrovskaya advises, then you can use humate-based fertilizers. ​

You need to apply them not at the same time, but, either in turn, as it is written, or choose those that, in your opinion, will bring the greatest benefit plants. With the accumulation of experience, you yourself will determine "what is yours."
Many people know about foliar, but they use it less often, but in vain.

​Love the positive reaction of my tomatoes to the green manure. How do I prepare it? Very simple. There are a lot of recipes for such a "green manure". Its basis is mowed green weed grass.

And when we apply the solution to the surface of the leaf, then all the nutrients pass through the leaf into the plant. And it happens very quickly. Therefore, foliar dressing acts much faster than root dressing. Secondly, it is used to quickly help a plant suffering from a lack of one or another trace element. I try to use foliar dressing more often for seedlings, for plants recently planted in open ground or a greenhouse, that is, for younger seedlings.

​When further cultivation seedlings need regular watering. This requires settled water at room temperature. You also need to loosen the soil and pour fresh mixture. Due to the fact that the seedlings reach for the light, it must be periodically turned 180 degrees.

Tomatoes always require foliar feeding. It is very easy to prepare for this, 40 grams of potassium chloride is taken. 15 grams of ammonium nitrate and 60 grams of superphosphate are all carefully exchanged in 10 liters of water and plants are sprayed with this mixture. But it should be borne in mind that such spraying must be carried out before the first fruits begin to appear.

It is also worth taking the time to hill the tomato, at least two or three times a season. This will saturate the soil with oxygen, ensure the development of the root system and good food plants, as well as during hilling, grooves are formed in the soil, which retain water longer, which ensures regular soil moisture.

It is worth noting that it is better to plant seedlings in the afternoon, for the reason that by the evening the soil warms up well, and the tomato will have the whole night ahead to absorb the heat and get stronger.

Another folk approach to fertilizer, which has been effectively used by many gardeners for quite a long time, is the use of green manure, i.e. herbal solutions. They are very easy to prepare and all they need is herbs. The most commonly used nettle. It is cut, placed in a barrel, plastic or wooden, and filled with water.

I would answer like this. For young seedlings - foliar, complex. For tomatoes during the second half of the growing season, it is best to use natural mineral fertilizers (ash, compost) and organic (based on humates, "green fertilizer"). In order not to overfeed the plants, fertilizing is carried out infrequently - 2-3 times a month - more often in the first half of the growing season, and less often in the second.

I used Kuznetsov's GUMI (a natural fertility elixir) - the plants responded to it with good appearance and harvest. For 10 liters of water - 2 tablespoons of elixir.​

Alternate foliar top dressing with root. Below is again the experience of our reader from Novokubansk.​

Foliar - this is when we apply the same nutrient solution directly on top of the leaves, branches of plants. This type of top dressing of tomatoes with mineral or organic fertilizers has several advantages. First, it allows you to save fertilizer. Because when we apply them under plants, a significant part of the nutrients is washed out with irrigation, during rain, not all nutrients get to the plant.

For foliar dressing, lower concentrations of the solution are used than for root dressing, so as not to cause leaf burn. For it, fertilizers are used that completely dissolve without sediment, which do not contain chlorine. Usually this liquid forms fertilizer mixtures, no matter what they are - mineral or organic. Try to use non-chlorinated water for preparing nutrient solutions - rainwater or at least settled tap water.

• When 10-12 days remain before planting seedlings, it is necessary to limit watering and accustom the plant to direct rays. If weather conditions allow, then you can place the seedlings in the greenhouse for the night, and take them outside during the day.

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Options for feeding tomatoes: folk remedies, mineral and organic fertilizers

Carried out subject to weather conditions. In cold weather, nutrients are very poorly absorbed. Also, you should not fertilize if the soil of the tomatoes is dry, otherwise the plants will not receive the vitamins that you want to enrich them with at the time of fertilization.

When to Feed Your Tomatoes

After planting, tomatoes should be fed from time to time. In total, four stages of feeding should occur over the entire period of plant growth.

After that, they are left to ferment, stirring the contents daily to release oxygen from the solution. Shortly after the start of fermentation, a not very pleasant smell may appear, but this can be easily eliminated by adding a few drops of valerian to the barrel. After two weeks of fermentation, you can open the barrel and if the solution has cleared up, then it has fermented and is ready for use. But it is worth remembering that such a brew is unsuitable for direct watering the plant, it must first be diluted and only then used as a fertilizer. Usually, to breed nettle mash, a ratio of 1:10 is used and the plant is watered under the root. Have a good harvest!

But you can start from the assortment of your stores for gardeners and gardeners. Not bad to use Gumat-80, Gumat+7, Gumat-Universal, Emerald, Ideal. For 10 liters of water, 1-2 tablespoons of fertilizer is enough. Here, add 1 tablespoon of instant mineral fertilizer (for example, Fertika Universal).

Anna advises to pour tomatoes under the root before each fertilizer clean water- settled water or rain.

And when we apply the solution to the surface of the leaf, then all the nutrients pass through the leaf into the plant. And it happens very quickly. Therefore, foliar acts much faster than root. Secondly, it is used to quickly help a plant suffering from a lack of one or another trace element. I try to use foliar dressing more often for seedlings, for plants recently planted in open ground or a greenhouse, that is, for younger seedlings.

Types of fertilizers

So, I already had a little water in the barrel, I add mowed grass there. Experienced gardeners it is advised to fill the barrel with cut nettles. But I didn’t have so many nettles, so I sketched an almost full (2/3) barrel of various weeds, nettles were there too. , 1 liter is enough), a pack of baker's yeast (100 g). I added water almost to the top.

Both root and foliar top dressing are equally useful, both for tomatoes that grow in open ground and for greenhouse ones. In the first half of the growing season, it is better to alternate the plants. In the second - go to root top dressing. A greenhouse with high humidity should be ventilated more often, especially after spraying. In order for the plant to get the maximum benefit from any top dressing, you need to know when - in the morning, afternoon, evening - it is better to carry them out.

organic

Tomatoes need weeding, garter, top dressing and watering, as well as the destruction of pests and diseases.
Carried out very carefully. Since an excess of such fertilizer can cause the death of plants.

The first occurs three weeks after planting, the second after the second flower cluster begins to bloom, and the third when the third brush blooms. The last feeding is usually carried out three weeks after the third feeding.​
Tomato planting is carried out according to schemes, which usually depend on their variety, height and irrigation system that is used in your garden. There are several planting schemes, but the main one should still be the fact that there should be a small distance between the bushes for sufficient air and sunlight to enter. ​

For fertilizer, tomato is also used mullein, from which an infusion is made. It contains a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus. Mullein bred in water room temperature in the ratio of half a liter to a ten-liter bucket. Such a brew is poured in a liter under each plant.

0.5 liters of solution is enough for each plant.

The first root dressing - not earlier than 10 days after planting seedlings.

mineral

For foliar dressing, lower concentrations of the solution are used than for root dressing, so as not to cause leaf burn. For it, fertilizers are used that completely dissolve without sediment, which do not contain chlorine. Usually these are liquid forms of fertilizer mixtures, no matter what they are - mineral or organic. Try to use non-chlorinated water for preparing nutrient solutions - rainwater or at least settled tap water.

​Very important point: If you are doing foliar feeding or root feeding, then this should be done in the morning or in the evening. Why is that? If we are talking about foliar, then the nutrient solution should be on the surface of the leaves for as long as possible so that it can be absorbed. And in bright sunshine, spraying the leaves can cause a burn. This is first. And secondly, the sun will quickly dry up the droplets of the nutrient solution, it will not have time to be completely absorbed into the leaves. When foliar top dressing, you should ensure that the solution gets not only on the outside of the leaf, but also on the inside.
When the fruits are fully ripe (shine appears along the way), they can be harvested. If this needs to be done earlier, then you can collect the browned fruits, and then place them in boxes, and after a certain time, they themselves will ripen (they will acquire the color we need). Such tomatoes can ripen in one day or a week, so you should check them daily.

After you have planted tomato seedlings, they need careful care in order for them to take root in a new place. To do this, be sure to take care not to damage the seedlings themselves during planting. But of course, do not forget about feeding. To help seedlings take root in a new place, you need to add more phosphorus to the soil. Potassium and other trace elements.

When planning to plant tomatoes, you should still remember that planting tomatoes in open ground is not an easy task. This process is stressful both for the plant itself and for the gardener, therefore it is worth having patience and putting in as much effort as possible, following all the rules for caring for this capricious vegetable, and then a rich harvest will not keep you waiting.

Complex fertilizer recipe

This tomato planting pattern is suitable for high varieties of vegetables, where row spacing is of particular importance, which helps keep open ground loose and clear of weeds.

Mineral fertilizers are an excellent addition to organic ones, and are used at all stages of tomato growth. The most popular mineral fertilizers are phosphorus, potash and nitrogen. Phosphate fertilizers are mainly phosphate and superphosphate, which contains a whole range of substances useful for the plant, such as phosphorus, calcium, sulfur and, of course, nitrogen, which act on the plant from different angles and bring different benefits.​

Instructions for proper feeding

Useful:

​Tomatoes open ground or greenhouse is better to underfeed than overfeed. Therefore, when planting seedlings from mineral fertilizers, I use only ash and compost. After planting - fertilizer based on humates with Fertika Universal. And that's all. The following top dressings are only organic.

The second - 15 days (two weeks) after the first.

Both root and foliar top dressing are equally useful for both open ground and greenhouse tomatoes. During the first half of the growing season of plants, it is better to alternate them. In the second - go to the root. A greenhouse with high humidity should be ventilated more often, especially after spraying. In order for the plant to get the maximum benefit from any fertilizer, you need to know when - in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening - it is better to carry them out.

The solution in the barrel ferments very actively and the stench, sorry for the details, is not the most pleasant. And you need to mix the fertilizer at least once a day. All this is infused for 1.5-2 weeks. Then I take out the fermented grass. When it dries up, I put it under the zucchini. Why under the zucchini - I do not know. It's been like that from the very beginning. Zucchini are very grateful. You can try using this mulch on other plants.​

Video "Feeding tomatoes"

Under the root, watering the plants with a mineral or organic solution is also necessary early in the morning or in the evening. I prefer evening watering, and my neighbor in the country is watering his cucumbers,

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How to plant tomatoes in open ground

Store tomatoes laid on the side of the stalk at room temperature, in a place protected from direct sunlight.

Disembarkation dates

Any phosphorus fertilizers always increase their resistance to cold in plants. At the moment when they have a shortage of phosphorus, this can be seen in their general condition. At this point, the leaves and stem of the tomatoes will begin to take on purple hue. If this happens, you should not resort to extreme measures and start thoughtlessly applying all kinds of fertilizers. For starters, you can use improvised methods. For example, nettle.
In the video, experienced vegetable growers talk about how to properly plant tomatoes in open ground, what fertilizers to fertilize them and how to tie up tomatoes.

This scheme involves planting a tomato at the corners of a square, thus reducing the number of plants in a row. In order not to plant too few plants in a row and, accordingly, not to reduce their number per hectare, planting is carried out as if in a “nest”, i.e. two or three plants are planted next to each other. Such planting allows to reduce the amount of processing time for rows with tomatoes by 10-20 working days and reduce labor costs by almost half. But the most important advantage of such a planting scheme is an increase in the amount of yield due to the timely inter-row processing of bushes. That is why this method is one of the most popular among gardeners, because it allows you to mechanize the processing of vegetables and makes it possible to carry it out in two directions.

Landing patterns

Potash mineral fertilizers are usually used during fruit ripening, which helps them develop taste and avoid the appearance of green veins inside.

Feeding cucumbers in a greenhouse or open ground with fertilizers - mineral and organic

Square-nested

I really like the positive reaction of my tomatoes to the "green manure". How do I prepare it? Very simple. There are a lot of recipes for such a "green manure". Its basis is mowed green weed grass.
The third top dressing will be most effective during the beginning of flowering, namely during the flowering of the second brush. On the first flowering brush, many gardeners advise cutting off the first double flower, since the fruit on it is most often tied up ugly, different from the others. (But I would not call this recommendation mandatory - I very rarely saw such a flower on my tomatoes).

Tape-nested

One reader of our blog - Anna Nepetrovskaya from Novokubansk - shared her experience in using foliar and root dressings of tomatoes. The experience, as far as I can appreciate, is invaluable.​

A little more than half of the nutrient infusion in the barrel is obtained. I top up the barrel. I take a ready-made infusion (500 ml), add it to a watering can with water (6 liters), pour tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, pumpkins - half a liter of solution per bush. Yes, I almost forgot. The effect will be better if the soil under the plants is moist. That is, before root dressing, be sure to water

tomatoes in a greenhouse

Preparing for landing

​To display the WP-Cumulus cloud, Flash Player 9 or higher is required.​ Saturates tomatoes with all the necessary trace elements and enriches with vitamins. In order to prepare such a fertilizer, you will need young nettles (preferably) finely cut and poured with water in a ratio of 1: 3, then all this is infused for one week and you can water your tomatoes. You can do such watering once a week throughout the season, there will be no negative consequences from this, everything will only benefit.
The summer season for all gardeners always begins with many questions. In particular, these questions relate to how to properly care for all vegetables so that the harvest is successful. Now let's talk about how to properly care for tomatoes, what kind of feeding they need in different growing conditions.

Planting tomatoes

One of the most popular means of this type of minerals is ash, it contains potassium carbonate, which dissolves well in water, absorbs into the soil and is very convenient to use.

Feeding tomatoes after planting is a very important step. If you want to get a rich harvest, especially if this soil has previously been used for other plantings, you need to know how to properly feed tomatoes. ​

I have an old metal 200 liter barrel. But it is not advised to use a metal barrel for the preparation of this fertilizer, apparently, the process of metal oxidation adversely affects the quality. I don't have a plastic barrel. You know, there are almost no hopeless situations. I bought huge 300-liter plastic bags. I put one bag into another (for strength), placed them inside the barrel. Filled 1/3 with water to straighten them. The polyethylene warmed up a little by the sun, became elastic, stretched, the bags were tightly dressed outside on the edge of the barrel. I got it metal barrel with plastic insert.​

Care after landing

One tablespoon of ammonium nitrate + 10 liters of water. ammonium nitrate can be replaced with infusions of chicken or cow dung. The proportions are as follows: 0.5 liters of chicken infusion or 1 liter of cow manure per 10 liters of water.

Look at Anna's tomato alleys! Is this not proof that the feeding strategy was chosen by her correctly! Tomatoes in the open field

or open ground only early in the morning. The reasons also seem to be clear: water or a nutrient solution that has fallen on the leaves during the day can cause sunburn foliage. You should not force the plant to spend energy on restoring or healing wounds.

​June 9th, 2015 Sadovod64​
Top dressing of a tomato with potassium permanganate is carried out only during the flowering period and only once a solution is prepared for this, so 10 grams of potassium permanganate is taken and diluted in two liters of water. Watering is moderate.

Will allow you to get a great harvest. It is recommended to carry out such top dressing 3-4 times. The first feeding with yeast should be carried out during the budding period or when flowering is just beginning. Then, after 15-20 days, fertilize after planting the tomatoes in the ground. Experienced gardeners know a large number of ways to properly feed tomatoes in a greenhouse. Unlike a large number Organic Fertilizers Fertilizers based on yeast are the best and most effective. Such fertilizers perfectly stimulate the growth of plants and favorably affect them during flowering. In order to prepare such a fertilizer, you need to take 10 grams of yeast per 10 liters of water, mix everything thoroughly and pour tomatoes with this solution.

The tape-nested scheme allows you to plant more bushes in one area than the square-nested one. The advantage of this planting pattern is the fact that closely planted tomatoes can better withstand weather conditions. In this method, the soil is cut into irrigation furrows every 140 centimeters, and the bushes themselves are planted on both sides of these furrows. It is also worth noting that, ideally, a tomato during growth develops within 0.3 sq.m. Therefore, for good growth, each bush needs to be given its own space.

Besides, ashes mineral remedy for plant fertilizer, is a highly effective substance. However, it is worth paying attention to what such ash was made of, because. it may contain different amounts of potassium depending on the source material. So, pine and birch contain the largest amount of potassium - almost 40 percent.

Video "Secrets of growing tomatoes in the open field"

Despite all its fertility, after the frequent planting of vegetables and other plants, the soil is depleted and no longer brings such an amount of crop as, for example, in the first few plantings. To help the soil restore its fertility, various types of so-called top dressing are used, i.e. fertilizers. Not all vegetable crops need a high level of soil fertility, such as pepper, but a tomato requires a high level, otherwise it simply will not grow and produce a crop.

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Top dressing of tomatoes (tomatoes) in open ground, greenhouse - top dressing with yeast, chicken manure, mullein, ash, iodine, fertilizers (manure), urea

How and how to feed tomatoes

So, I already had a little water in the barrel, I add mowed grass there. Experienced gardeners advise filling the barrel with cut nettles. But I didn’t have so many nettles, so I sketched an almost full (2/3) barrel of various weeds, nettles were there too.

Top dressing tomato (tomatoes) in the greenhouse

Fertilizing tomatoes with yeast

Composition - 0.5 liters of chicken manure infusion + 2 tablespoons of superphosphate + 1 tablespoon of potassium sulfate + 10 liters of water. Please note that superphosphate is very poorly soluble in water. Therefore, it is necessary to start preparing this solution at least a day before use. First, dissolve the superphosphate - let it stand for at least 24 hours, and only then add other components to it. By the way, superphosphate can be replaced with monophosphate (phosphorus fertilizer).

Top dressing of tomato (tomatoes) with mullein

Tomato alley of Anna Nepetrovskaya (Novokubansk) - Cio-Cio-San variety

Top dressing of tomatoes (tomatoes) with chicken manure

Or greenhouse.

Top dressing of tomatoes (tomatoes) with ash

The question is usually asked, how often should tomatoes be fertilized with mineral or organic fertilizers? The short answer is not very often. And, to be more precise, I spend them, both root and foliar, in 10-15 days. That is, about 2-3 times a month. I alternate them. Once - foliar top dressing, next time - I feed my tomatoes under the root.

Top dressing tomato (tomatoes) in the open field

It's time to feed the plants.

Top dressing of tomatoes (tomatoes) with iodine

Of course, top dressing and fertilizing is good, but you should always remember that everywhere and always a measure is needed. But what if this happens. That you still overfed your plants, then try to immediately fill your beds with plenty of water, somewhere one bucket per bush. It is best to do this in a sultry hot weather. You can also leave a few stepchildren to quickly remove excess fertilizer. In order for the plant to begin to form fruits, and not tops, you need to tear off several lower sheets. Carefully use compost, biohumus in fertilizers, as their excess will have a very bad effect not only on the plants themselves. But also on their fruits. In this case, the plants will begin to grow actively, or rather, their leaves will grow, and there will be very few fruits and they will all be weak and small.

It is carried out at any time during the first days of the life of tomatoes. In such top dressing, you can add 3 grams of potassium permanganate. If the plants are undersized, then it is desirable to apply top dressing at the rate of one liter of liquid per bush, determinant plants will need 1.5 liters per bush, and for tall plants, 2 liters of top dressing per bush.

Top dressing of tomatoes (tomatoes) with fertilizers (manure)

This planting of vegetables also allows mechanized processing of bushes and removal of weeds.

With the nitrogen type of fertilizers, you should be very careful, because. with an immoderate dosage of such a remedy, the soil will become too toxic, due to which the tomato will grow too quickly, but the fruits will be disfigured: cracks and spots appear, the shape and taste change. But with moderate use of such a mineral fertilizer, it will help plants grow and develop normally. The nitrogen type of fertilizer includes urea and various types of nitrate, such as ammonium, potassium or calcium nitrate. Urea for tomato fertilizer can be used in small quantities, and the consumption rate of such a solution will be half a liter for each plant.

Top dressing of tomatoes (tomatoes) with urea

After all, every gardener knows that a tomato can be demanding and, during its ripening, draws out a huge amount of nutrients from the soil, which are formed into a powerful vegetative mass, which, after ripening, is harvested as a crop.

From above I threw about 1 kg of wood ash, half a bucket of chicken manure, added 2 liters of milk "store" whey (natural, they say, 1 liter is enough), a pack of baker's yeast (100 g). I added water almost to the top.

Ingredients: 0.5 liters of infusion of chicken manure or cow dung + 1 tablespoon of potassium sulfate + 7 grams of boric acid + 10 liters of water. Pour 1.5 liters of solution under each bush, not forgetting to water the plants with clean, settled water before that.

Top dressing tomato during flowering

Start feeding tomatoes should be a week after planting.

Foliar top dressing tomato

I do foliar top dressing (spraying) in the first half of the growing season, that is, as soon as I noticed that the first fruits were poured, they began to turn white, I stop feeding. And I continue to do the root throughout the entire growing season (development) of tomatoes.

Top dressing of tomatoes (tomatoes) with superphosphate

Feeding tomatoes

Top dressing of tomatoes (tomatoes) with saltpeter

Thus, knowing all these simple subtleties, you can correct use fertilizers always get a quality crop. Be sure to tie up the tomatoes, even if you have them undersized, because in strong winds they can fall. And here high grades you need to tie it preferably in two places above and slightly below. Strongly tightly tied to the stakes is not worth it. It is enough to tie up slightly so that the stems feel free and can actively grow and develop all season. It is advisable to plant different varieties of tomatoes, if possible, separately from each other and try not to mix them. Harvesting should be done before frost, otherwise, with a slight frost, the entire crop will be completely spoiled.

Top dressing tomato (tomatoes) after planting

It is carried out in combination with drugs such as Kemira-universal, solute. Such top dressing should be carried out during the period of harvesting the first harvest, after 12 days top dressing can be repeated. In the event that the branches of tomatoes begin to grow too quickly and there are still no flowers, then you should replace this fertilizer with others that contain nitrogen and superphosphate.

About a week before you are about to plant tomatoes, it will be right to process the soil and prepare it for receiving seedlings.

Top dressing tomato (tomatoes) nettle

Whatever fertilizer you choose, it is worth remembering that for the best effect it is worth using complexes of substances. Those. do not use only organic fertilizers separately, but take them in combination with mineral fertilizers, but correctly calculate the dosage.

It is important to fertilize the soil even before planting tomato seedlings.

This recipe was taken long ago from the book "Smart Farming" by Yu.I. Sweetie. He calls this solution an infusion of microbial organisms. The author recommends adding mash instead of yeast - 3 liters of non-chlorinated water, 150 g of sugar, leave for 2-3 days.

Once a month, Anna advises doing root dressing with organic fertilizer. She calls it "Kurdyumov's compote", and I have this "green manure". The process of its preparation is described in detail below.​

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Planting and caring for tomatoes in the open field: Photo, Video - SvoyaDacha.NET

Conditions for growing tomatoes

Here are the compositions of foliar top dressing she uses:

Soil for growing tomatoes

The first time you should feed the tomatoes 10-12 days after planting the seedlings. When the flowering of tomatoes begins, do not miss the deadlines - the number of ovaries and the harvest will depend on this.

After sowing

in open field or greenhouse - is there a difference? What types of top dressings are there? In recent years, gardeners (those I know) prefer organic, trying to use less mineral fertilizers. Home-made cheap, but very effective "green manure" is very popular. But about him, a little lower. ​

But when growing, it is important to remember that there are conditions that promote the best performance. Warmth is important for tomatoes. The most optimal temperature during the day is 22 - 23 C, at night - 17-18 C. Lighting is necessary from morning to evening. Small frosts can be detrimental, which is why tomatoes should be planted when the soil temperature warms up to 10 C and above, that is, about three weeks after the last frost.

pick tomato

It will not be able to provide full-fledged fertilizer for plants. It can only be an excellent addition if necessary, for example, if the plant begins to grow poorly. It also has thin stems. Then in this case it is necessary to carry out foliar top dressing with ash.

Usually, the soil is treated with copper sulphate, other fertilizers are applied and the soil is fertilized if any other vegetables grew on this soil before. ​

A complex solution for tomato fertilizer contains all the useful nutrients that will help the plant grow and develop properly. To prepare a good complex fertilizer, you can use stinging nettle and dandelion leaves in any proportion, fill a third of a two-hundred-liter barrel with this mixture, add any manure, pour water and leave covered with a film for ten days. After that, remove the film and the top floating layer. Mix the solution and add the fertilizer "Humate + 7" to it. The finished product is diluted with water in the ratio of a liter of the composition to a bucket of water and each bush is watered with 3.5 liters of the resulting solution.

Top dressing tomato

For this, humus or mineral fertilizers are usually used. But if you skipped this stage of soil preparation, you will have to feed the tomatoes during their growth and development if you want to get a rich harvest.

The solution in the barrel ferments very actively and the stench, sorry for the details, is not the most pleasant. And you need to mix the fertilizer at least once a day. All this is infused for 1.5-2 weeks. Then I take out the fermented grass. When it dries up, I put it under the zucchini. Why under the zucchini - I do not know. It's been like that from the very beginning. Zucchini are very grateful.

Watering tomatoes

Every 2 weeks, it does not hurt to feed the tomatoes with an ash solution - pour 1 glass of ash with a bucket of water, let it brew for several hours. The ash solution contains potassium, calcium, phosphorus, many different trace elements necessary for the development of plants.

One liter of milk or whey + 10 drops of iodine + 9 liters of water.

In a greenhouse or open field, top dressing is carried out as follows. Each plant needs to be fed individually. If the soil under the plants is dry, then before feeding it is necessary to slightly moisten the soil. Pour the tomatoes with clean water, the temperature of which is not lower than 20-22ºС. When watering in a greenhouse, try not to get water on the leaves - excess moisture is useless there. Water in the morning - after that, be sure to ventilate the greenhouse. And after watering, pour half a liter of nutrient solution under each tomato bush.

Harvesting tomatoes

The soil for growing is best prepared by yourself. To do this, it is necessary to sift through a sieve with a cell of 4-6 mm humus, sod land and peat, and then mix in equal proportions. It is advisable to prepare the seeds for sowing: soak in a growth stimulator solution (for example, zircon).

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Top dressing of tomatoes in the open field and greenhouse | TSN "Mirror"

In the open field, caring for tomatoes is much more difficult than caring for plants in a greenhouse. After all, tomatoes do not like cold weather and it is necessary, before planting seedlings in open ground, to wait until the threat of frost has passed. Now consider the main types of top dressing of tomatoes for open ground.

Top dressing of tomatoes in the open field and greenhouse

Also, the soil should be dug up before planting a vegetable in order to open the soil to oxygen and sunlight. Then holes are made according to the scheme that was chosen, and they are poured with warm water. To choose the right depth of the hole, you should pay attention to the height of the bush, and if necessary, deepen only the soil bag.

A popular approach to fertilizing tomatoes is also to use iodine. It accelerates the development of fruits, helps to increase their weight and also disinfects the soil and protects the plant from fungal diseases. The solution is very easy to prepare: for each bucket of water - 4 drops of iodine and water two liters for each plant. Iodine is also used along with milk to nourish, disinfect and increase fruit production. To prepare such a remedy, a liter serum is used, where iodine is added (about 20 drops). Each bush is watered with a liter of such a solution. In this case, the tomato must be fertilized at the initial stage of development, when the plant really needs nitrogen. But it is worth remembering that in working with such demanding plant Like a tomato, it is better to underfeed than to overfeed. Better yet, just give the plant as many nutrients as they need at different stages of development after planting. You can try using this mulch on other plants.

A very important point: if you are doing foliar feeding or root dressing, then this should be done in the morning or in the evening. Why is that? If we are talking about foliar, then the nutrient solution should be on the surface of the leaves for as long as possible so that it can be absorbed. And in bright sunshine, spraying the leaves can cause a burn. This is first. And secondly, the sun will quickly dry up the droplets of the nutrient solution, it will not have time to be completely absorbed by the leaves. When foliar, you should make sure that the solution gets not only from the top of the sheet, but also from the bottom too.

• Microfertilizer Zdraven + Fitosporin - dosage according to the instructions.
• This "green manure" works well against late blight. At least, it seems to me that after I started using it, there were almost no cases of phytophthora on leaves, fruits. Last year (2013), only a few tomato fruits (5 pieces) growing in open ground were thrown out from one bush. On the rest of the bushes, I did not notice any signs of phytophthora.
• Foliar top dressing

Types of dressings of tomatoes

How often should you fertilize

For cultivation, small trays with a height of 6–8 cm are suitable. Seeds are sown in a row to a depth of 1.5–2 cm, the distance between seeds is 2–3 cm. Separate planting of varieties on seedlings is very important. Depending on the characteristics of the variety, as well as their quality and shelf life, the duration of germination varies from 4 to 20 days.​

Usually done every two weeks. First, 10 grams of iodine is added to 10 liters of water. To this solution is added 10 grams of phosphorus and 20 grams of potassium. Consumption is based on 0.5 liters per plant bush.

Also, before planting a tomato, you should take care of the readiness of the peg for the tomato garter in the future. The tomato itself needs to be watered abundantly before planting, so removing it from the pot will become easier and not a single element of the root system will be damaged. Tomatoes are rather capricious plants, therefore their feeding must be correct and effective, with any mistake in the use of fertilizers, they can bring not good, but harm to the plant and deprive you of the crop. Therefore, it is worth paying utmost attention to the preparation of various solutions, because. if you overdo it with some of the fertilizers, the plants can deteriorate or die completely and strictly adhere to the rules for the consumption of fertilizers for each tomato bush. Then you need to feed the tomato during its flowering. At this time, the plant is in great need of potassium and phosphorus. It is very easy to notice when a plant needs one of these substances - its growth slows down, the leaves curl, and the color of the plant changes.

A little more than half of the nutrient infusion in the barrel is obtained. I top up the barrel. I take a ready-made infusion (500 ml), add it to a watering can with water (6 liters), water tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, pumpkins - half a liter of solution for each bush. Yes, I almost forgot. The effect will be better, and top dressing will not bring harm (there will be no root burn) if the soil under the plants is wet. That is, before root dressing, be sure to water the tomatoes in the open field or greenhouse with settled water, if you use tap water or rainwater.

Under the root, watering the plants with a mineral or organic solution is also necessary early in the morning or in the evening. I prefer evening watering, and my dacha neighbor waters his cucumbers, tomatoes in a greenhouse or open field only early in the morning. The reasons also seem to be clear: water or a nutrient solution that has fallen on the leaves during the day can cause sunburn of the foliage. You should not force the plant to spend energy repairing or healing wounds.

Whey (2 liters) + 0.5 cups of sugar + 15 drops of iodine + 8 liters of water.

When to Feed Your Tomatoes

But this garden year (2014) began with rainy weather. Humidity, both in the greenhouse and in the garden, is high. To prevent the appearance of late blight on tomatoes, powdery or downy mildew on cucumbers, zucchini, I additionally treat the plants with a solution of whey (1 liter per 10 liters of water), to which I add 10 drops of iodine. This solution is especially beneficial for tomatoes. Iodine helps to increase the number of ovaries, and whey has a depressing effect on pathogenic fungi.

tomatoes in a greenhouse How to feed tomatoes in a greenhouse or open field After sowing, trays are covered for germination polyethylene film or glass and placed in a warm place. When shoots appear, it is necessary to transfer to the brightest place, as well as remove the film or glass. The first 5 - 6 days it is necessary to reduce the temperature to 10-12 C, and at night to 8-10 C. After that, the seedlings should be grown at a daytime temperature of 17-19 C, and in sunny weather a temperature of 25 C is acceptable. During this period, moderate watering is needed and loosening the soil, as well as additional lighting. Daylight hours should be 14 hours, the maximum is 18.​

How often should you fertilize

As the experience of many gardeners shows, it will be much more effective if you combine watering a tomato with top dressing, that is, watering a tomato not just with water, but with a solution. At the same time, never forget that. What you need to water exactly under the root of the plants, and not on the tomatoes themselves, otherwise you may be left without a crop.

When the soil is ready for planting a tomato, the seedlings are very carefully removed from the container in which they have been growing all this time, it is very important not to disturb the earthen clod that has formed around the root system of the bush, then the bush is vertically lowered into the hole, which must first be opened and lightly sprinkled with earth. You can sprinkle some compost around the planted bush so that the plant immediately receives nutrients and takes root better.

As mentioned earlier, you only need to water the bite space, but in no case the plant itself, its leaves, flowers, and even more so the fruits.

In general, for the entire period of growth and ripening of a vegetable, top dressing should take place three or four times. The first time it occurs after two weeks from the time of planting seedlings in the ground to stimulate the growth of the roots and the plant itself. The second top dressing occurs after two weeks after the first, and the third, foliar top dressing of the tomato, either during flowering or already the formation of fruits. Finally, the last feeding is usually carried out at the time when the plants are in the fruiting stage.

I really like this result organic feeding- the plants are always green, they look healthy, they tolerate bad weather well, they grow very quickly, a lot of fruits are tied and, it seems to me, they began to get sick less, that is, their immunity has increased. The question is usually asked, how often should tomatoes be fertilized with mineral or organic fertilizers? The short answer is not very often. And, to be more precise, I spend them, both root and foliar, in 10-15 days. That is, about 2-3 times a month. I alternate them. Once - foliar, next time - I feed my tomatoes under the root. Bifungin (birch mushroom (chaga) - sold in a pharmacy - dilute in water by eye until dark.

How to feed tomatoes in a greenhouse or open field

To prevent late blight on tomatoes, alternate treatments. Once with a solution of whey, and the other with a solution of Fitosporin. This drug not only protects tomatoes from the development of late blight, it also nourishes the plants with bioactivated microelements, especially its new modification - Fitosporin-M. Sometimes I skip lactic acid treatment, but I definitely replace it with a Fitosporin solution, which well suppresses the development of fungal and bacterial diseases on plants.

I try to do it in the morning so that the nutrient solution is absorbed by the evening. At night, the plants should be dry.

How to make your own organic "green manure"

After 15-25 days, 2-3 true leaves appear. Timely picking in separate pots with a diameter of 8-10 cm is necessary.

It is considered the best way to increase the yield of your tomatoes. Unfortunately, not everyone can afford such a pleasure, but it is better to spend money and purchase such fertilizer than to spend money on chemistry. Manure is a very effective natural fertilizer. But you should not overdo it with such fertilizer. Usually one bucket of manure is taken for 30 liters of water, all this is poured into a barrel and infused for two weeks. Of course, the smell from this will be unpleasant, but the benefits will be the best for tomatoes. In addition, it is worth noting that half a bucket of fertilizer goes to one bush of tomatoes. After that, the tomato should not be watered during those days. Such top dressing can be done no more than once every two weeks. The compost is again sprinkled with soil and the soil around the bush is slightly tamped. After that, water each bush, using a liter or two of water for each. After the bush is planted, you need to install a peg next to it, the height of which will depend on the variety of tomato, for example, for undersized tomatoes, pegs can be 50 cm high, but for medium-sized tomatoes, the height of the peg should be about 80 cm.

How to make your own organic "green manure"

It is important not to over-fertilize the plants, as an overdose of any remedy can adversely affect the internal state of the fetus.

On this moment There are a huge number of different fertilizers for all stages of plant growth. In the case of tomatoes, both mineral fertilizers and organic fertilizers can be used, they can be both in dry form and in the form of solutions.

This solution can be carried out root and foliar top dressing. I usually spend foliar on young plants planted in open ground or in a greenhouse. Watering under the root - every 10-12 days.

They often ask: is it permissible to feed tomatoes during fruiting? I answer: after the ovaries have appeared, top dressing is only under the root, that is, root.

One teaspoon of boric acid, copper sulfate, magnesia (boric acid and magnesia are sold at the pharmacy) + manganese at the tip of a knife + coarsely grated laundry soap or 3 tablespoons of liquid soap dissolved in 10 liters of water.​

Do not forget that moisture, high humidity in greenhouses or in the garden during the rainy season - have a beneficial effect on the development of phytophthora, other fungal, bacterial diseases. Be sure to treat your seedlings, do not wait for the first signs of the disease to appear. If the disease began to manifest itself, then it is too late to fight it and it is practically useless. For the first top dressing after transplanting seedlings, I use liquid fertilizer based on humates.​ There are two types of dressings. Root and foliar.​

The strongest seedlings are selected for picking, the weak give minimum yield. With the help of a picking peg, a recess is made for the seedling, which is placed in the soil to the cotyledon leaves, then tightly surrounded by the ground.

In addition to such top dressing, it will be very good if you organize a drip strait for your tomatoes. To do this, you need a special hose with holes. If you do not have this, then you can do everything yourself. To do this, you need to take a two-liter plastic bottles pour in the nutrient solution. Before that, make 12 holes with a nail in the lower part of the side surface and unscrew the cover. Part of the bottles with holes should be in the soil. In the event that the solution begins to pour very quickly, then you need to turn the bottles around its axis so that the soil forms earthen plugs in the holes. Thus, the solution will slowly but constantly seep into the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe root system of tomatoes. And your task will be to ensure that the bottles are always with a fertilizer solution. Fertilizer choose only one that is suitable for frequent watering and use.​

More effective is the method of tying tomatoes not to pegs, but to an arc and a wire about 1 meter high.

It is also worth alternating fertilization with watering: first you should water the plants, and then introduce nutrients.

It is worth remembering that top dressing of tomatoes should take place only in the bite zones, and not on the plant itself, otherwise it may begin to rot and will not bring the expected harvest.

I have had enough of this solution for a long time. But everything, of course, depends on the number of plants planted. If I feel that there is not enough “green fertilizer”, then after less than half of it remains in the barrel, I fill the barrel with new grass. I don't add anything else but water. I wait 10-15 days - a new nutrient solution is ready.​

I do foliar spraying during the first half of the growing season. That is, as soon as I noticed that the first tomatoes started, I stop feeding by spraying. And I continue to do the root throughout the entire growing season (development) of tomatoes.

Trichopolum (10 tablets) + 1 small vial of brilliant green + 10 liters of water.

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So, the answer to the main question. What fertilizers, what top dressings are the best for tomatoes? Mineral or organic? I would answer like this. For tomatoes, it is best to use natural mineral fertilizers (ash, compost) and organic (based on humates, "green fertilizer"). In order not to overfeed the plants, fertilizing is carried out infrequently - 2-3 times a month - more often in the first half of the growing season, and less often in the second.