Games for the development of visual perception in young children. Games aimed at developing perception

Although children's perception begins to develop from the moment they are born, by the end of the first year of life it is still not perfect. However, it is the perception of the child that underlies all his behavior and prevails over other mental processes.

Peculiarities of perception of a child in early childhood

A kid at this age is not yet able to make a systematic examination of an object with an analysis of its properties. Most often, the child perceives one most pronounced property of the object and, according to it, identifies the object.

Although a child of 1-2 years old is able to recognize animals in the drawings, this does not mean that he compares them with real objects. Rather, he perceives them as separate, independent things.

For a child, the spatial orientation of the image is not important: he can look at the book upside down, absolutely not embarrassed by this. This proves that he recognizes objects by any one sign, discarding the rest.

During the very beginning of manipulating objects for the baby, the shape and size of the object matters, its color is a secondary feature. The child equally recognizes objects both painted and unpainted. He is absolutely not embarrassed by the unnatural coloring of objects. However, this does not indicate the absence of this age, but indicates that he does not perceive them as signs of the subject.

Another type of baby's actions is gun actions. The child makes attempts to get a toy with a stick, constantly picking up the size of the stick.

In the 2nd year, the child has measurements of objects. He no longer tries on each ring of the pyramid or the required length of the stick, but does it “by eye”, that is, the comparison of objects “goes inside”.

In the 3rd year of life, the child accurately selects objects according to the model according to any of the properties (color, shape, size). However, if there are a lot of objects, or they consist of many details, colors, then this will cause difficulty for the baby.

A child of this age is given a good mastery of actions to determine the size, color, shape. But if you offer him something new, then his perception will be inaccurate, which may confuse some parents. For example, a child distinguishes colors well, even not very contrasting ones, but he is offered two cubes - blue and red - and they are given one more blue and they are offered to choose the same one from the two and put it on the sample. The kid is likely to put the blocks on top of each other regardless of the color, since the task is unfamiliar to him, and he understands it as a simple "overlapping" of the blocks.

MBDOU No. 183 "Pearl"Leninsky district, Kemerovo Prepared by: senior caregiverElonova Tatyana Alexandrovna

The process of cognition of the surrounding world, as you know, is based on sensory perception.

I bring to your attention –

Games for the development of sensory perception

(The work of analyzers).

The purpose of this block of games: Develop sensory perception, exercise in the perception and description of a variety of sensations, highlight individual ones, determine the analyzer involved in this type of perception, form the skills of sensory examination of objects of the material world.

"World of Sounds"

Material: tape recording of the noise of the sea, forest, etc. Game progress: Invite the children to listen to the recording. Children listen to the sounds, only then speak out about what they heard, what they felt (howling of the wind, rustling of leaves, singing of birds, buzzing of bees, etc.). The complication of the first level is to determine the place where these sounds can be heard. The complication of the second level is to isolate in the variety of sounds that are reproduced by objects of wildlife. Which ones are inanimate. Are there sounds of "man-made" origin?

"Know by smell."

Material: objects of the material world with a pronounced smell (perfumes, spices, vegetables, fruits, etc.), a scarf or a scarf made of opaque fabric. Game progress: the child is blindfolded and offered to determine by smell which object was given to him in his hands. Then describe the nature of your olfactory sensations and put this object on one of the trays on the basis of "edible" or "inedible".

"Wonderful bag"

Material: bag of opaque material, small items (up to 10 pcs.) Game progress: by touch, without looking into the bag. Determine what is hidden there, describe your tactile sensations.

"Guess Who Called"

Game progress: the leading child becomes his back to the group of children. One of the children calls his name. The driver must guess who called him. Complication - the game "Kolobok". The rules are the same, but the driver takes on the role of Kolobok, and the one who calls him can change the timbre of his voice. The following dialogue is played out: "Gingerbread Man, Gingerbread Man, I'll eat you!" "Don't eat me, Sasha (Petya, etc.), I'll sing a song for you."

"Magic Sounds"

Material: objects made of various materials (metal, glass, wood, etc.), opaque screen. Game progress: the teacher behind the screen taps on one of the objects with a wooden stick, and the children must identify the material that makes a similar sound. The complication of the first level is not only to determine the material, but also to name as many objects from this material as possible. The complication of the second level is to name the phenomena or objects of the natural world that emit sounds similar in sound to man-made materials. For example: the sound of glass - the sound of a drop...

What vegetable or fruit did you eat?

Material: a plate with sliced ​​\u200b\u200bfruits and vegetables. Game progress: the child closes his eyes. An adult puts a piece of fruit or vegetable in his mouth. The child must determine by taste what he was treated to. The complication of the first level is to determine not only the product, but also the method of its processing (raw, boiled, salted, etc.) The complication of the second level is to name as many other products as possible, the taste of which is similar to the one that was treated.

“What would happen if they disappeared from the forest…”

The teacher offers to remove insects from the forest: - What would happen to the rest of the inhabitants? What if the birds disappeared? What if the berries were gone? What if there were no mushrooms? What if the hares left the forest? It turns out that it was not by chance that the forest gathered its inhabitants together. All forest plants and animals are connected to each other. They cannot do without each other.

"Which plant is gone?"

Four or five plants are placed on the table. Children remember them. The teacher invites the children to close their eyes and removes one of the plants. Children open their eyes and remember which plant was still standing. The game is played 4-5 times. You can increase the number of plants on the table each time.

"Where does it ripen?"

Purpose: to learn to use knowledge about plants, to compare the fruits of a tree with its leaves. Game progress: two branches are laid out on the flannelograph: on one - the fruits and leaves of one plant (apple tree), on the other - the fruits and leaves of different plants. (for example, gooseberry leaves, and pear fruits) The teacher asks the question: “Which fruits will ripen and which will not?” children correct the mistakes made in drawing up the drawing.

"Guess what's in your hand?"

Children stand in a circle with their hands behind their backs. The teacher lays out models of fruit in the hands of the children. Then he shows one of the fruits. Then he shows one of the fruits. Children who have identified the same fruit in themselves, on a signal, run up to the teacher. It is impossible to look at what lies in the hand, the object must be recognized by touch.

"Flower shop"

Purpose: to consolidate the ability to distinguish colors, name them quickly, find the right flower among others. Teach children to group plants by color, make beautiful bouquets. Game progress: Children come to the store, where a large selection of flowers is presented. Option 1. On the table is a tray with multi-colored petals of various shapes. Children choose the petals they like, name their color and find a flower that matches the selected petals both in color and in shape. Option 2. Children are divided into sellers and buyers. The buyer must describe the flower he has chosen in such a way that the seller immediately guesses which flower he is talking about. Option 3. From flowers, children independently make three bouquets: spring, summer, autumn. You can use poems about flowers.

Fairy tale game "Fruits and vegetables"

visual material: pictures of vegetables. The teacher says:- Once a tomato decided to gather an army of vegetables. Peas, cabbage, cucumber, carrots, beets, onions, potatoes, turnips came to her. (The teacher alternately puts pictures depicting these vegetables on the stand) And the tomato told them: “There were a lot of people who wanted it, so I put this condition: first of all, only those vegetables will go to my army, in the name of which the same sounds are heard as in mine poommiidoorr." - What do you think, children, what vegetables responded to his call? Children name, highlighting the necessary sounds with their voices: gorrooh, morrkoov, potatoes, turnips, cucumbers, and explain that these words have the sounds r, n, as in the word tomato. The teacher moves pictures of the named vegetables on the stand closer to the tomato. Conducts tomato various workouts with peas, carrots, potatoes, turnips. Good for them! And the rest of the vegetables were sad: the sounds that make up their names do not fit the sounds of the tomato, and they decided to ask the tomato to change the condition. Tomato agreed: “Be your way! Come now, those whose name has as many parts as mine. - What do you think, children, who has responded now? Together it turns out how many parts are in the word tomato and in the name of the remaining vegetables. Each respondent explains in detail that the words tomato and, for example, cabbage have the same number of syllables. Pictures depicting these plants also move towards the tomato. - But even more saddened were onions and beets. Why do you think kids? Children explain that the number of parts in the name is not the same as that of a tomato, and the sounds do not match. - How to help them. Guys? What new condition could the tomato offer them so that these vegetables would also enter his army? The teacher should lead the children to formulate such conditions themselves: “Let those vegetables come in whose name the stress is in the first part” or “We accept into the army those whose names contain the same sounds (onions, beets)”. To do this, he can invite children to listen and compare where the stress is in the remaining words - the names of vegetables, compare their sound composition. - All vegetables became warriors, and there were no more sorrows! - concludes the educator

Distribution of fruits by color

The teacher invites the children to distribute the fruits by color: put fruits with a red tint on one dish, yellow on the other, and green on the third. The game character (for example, Winnie the Pooh) also participates in this and makes mistakes: for example, he puts a yellow pear with green fruits. The teacher and the children kindly and delicately point out the mistake of the bear cub, name the shades of color: light green (cabbage), bright red (tomato), etc.

Distribution of fruits according to shape and taste

The teacher offers the children to lay out the fruits differently, in shape: round - on one dish, oblong - on another. After clarification, he gives the children the third task: distribute the fruits to taste - put sweet fruits on one dish, unsweetened fruits on the other. Winnie the Pooh rejoices - he loves everything sweet. When the distribution is over, he puts a dish with sweet fruits to himself: “I really love honey and everything sweet!” “Winnie the Pooh, is it good to take all the most delicious for yourself? - says the teacher. Children also love sweet fruits and vegetables. Go wash your hands, and I will cut fruits and vegetables and treat everyone.”

"Tops-roots"

Children sit in a circle. The teacher names the vegetables, the children make hand movements: if the vegetable grows on the ground, in the garden, the children raise their hands up. If the vegetable grows on the ground, the hands are lowered down.

"Recognize and name"

The teacher takes plants from the basket and shows them to the children. Clarifies the rules of the game: here are medicinal plants. I will show you some plant, and you have to tell everything you know about it. Name the place where it grows (swamp, meadow, ravine) And our guest, Little Red Riding Hood, will play and listen about medicinal herbs with us. For example, chamomile (flowers) is harvested in the summer, plantain (only leaves without legs are harvested) in spring and early summer, nettle - in the spring, when it is just growing (2-3 children's stories)

"Well no"

All questions of the host can be answered only with the words “yes” or “no”. The driver will go out the door, and we will agree which animal (plant) we will guess for him. He will come and ask us where this animal lives, what it is, what it eats. We will answer him with only two words.

"Where are the snowflakes?"

Children walk in a round dance around the cards laid out in a circle. The cards depict various states of water: waterfall, river, puddle, ice, snowfall, cloud, rain, steam, snowflake, drop, etc. While moving in a circle, the following words are pronounced: So the summer has come. The sun shone brighter. It became hotter to bake, Where should we look for a snowflake? With the last word, everyone stops. Those in front of whom the necessary pictures are located should raise them and explain their choice. The movement continues with the words: Finally, winter has come: Cold, blizzard, cold. Come out for a walk. Where can we find a snowflake? Re-select the desired pictures, and the choice is explained. Complication: There are 4 hoops depicting the four seasons. Children should place their cards in hoops, explaining their choice. Some cards may correspond to several seasons.

"Wonderful bag"

The bag contains: honey, nuts, cheese, millet, apple, carrot, etc. Children get food for animals, guess who it is for, who eats what. Approach the toys and treat them.

"Where did the fish hide"

Purpose: to develop the ability of children to analyze, fix the names of plants, expand vocabulary. Material: blue fabric or paper (pond), several types of plants, shell, stick, driftwood. Description: children are shown a small fish (toy) that "wanted to play hide-and-seek with them." The teacher asks the children to close their eyes and at this time hides the fish behind a plant or any other object. Children open their eyes. "How to find a fish?" - asks the teacher. “Now I will tell you where she hid. The teacher tells what the object behind which “hid the fish is like. Children guess.

"Name the plant"

The teacher offers to name the plants (third from the right or fourth from the left, etc.). Then the condition of the game changes (“Where is the balsam?” Etc.) The teacher draws the attention of the children to the fact that the plants have different stems. - Name plants with straight stems, with climbing, without a stem. How should you take care of them? How else do plants differ from each other? What do violet leaves look like? What do the leaves of balsam, ficus, etc. look like?

"Magic screens"

Purpose: development in children of the ability to arrange objects by property, understand the conventions of designations, analyze, compare objects. Material: "Screen" with three "windows slots" into which tapes with legends of properties are inserted. Ribbons - strips depicting objects with varying degrees of manifestation of properties (for example, an apple is large, medium and small), Rules and course of the game: the teacher or one of the children inserts an image of the object in the first "window". Offers to pick up a "family" - to build an ordered row. For example: large circle, then medium, small; dark spot - light, very light, etc. At the beginning of the development of the game, the content is specially designed: a property is selected, pictures with a vivid manifestation of this property are selected. In the future, you can use images with several properties. For example, in the first "window" there is a red apple, in the second and third "windows" - apples of different shape, color, size. Children discuss how to build a row, which property to choose.

"The Fourth Extra"

You already know that not only insects and birds fly in our country, but there are also flying animals. To make sure you don't confuse insects with other animals, we'll play the game "Fourth extra" hare, hedgehog, fox, bumblebee; wagtail, spider, starling, magpie; butterfly, dragonfly, raccoon, bee; grasshopper, ladybug, sparrow, cockchafer; bee, dragonfly, raccoon, bee; grasshopper, ladybug, sparrow, mosquito; cockroach, fly, bee, Maybug; dragonfly, grasshopper, bee, ladybug; frog, mosquito, beetle, butterfly; dragonfly, moth, bumblebee, sparrow. Word game I will read you the words, and you think which ones are suitable for an ant (bumblebee, bee, cockroach). Dictionary: anthill, green, flutters, honey, evasive, industrious, red back, apiary, annoying, beehive, hairy, rings, river. Chirps, cobweb, flat, aphids, pest, “flying flower”, honeycomb, buzzes, needles, “jumping champion”, motley-winged, big eyes, red-whiskered, striped, swarm, nectar, pollen, caterpillar, protective coloration, frightening coloration. Game option: what words are suitable for a vegetable (fruit, etc.)

"Earth, water, fire, air"

The players stand in a circle, in the middle - the leader. He throws the ball to one of the players, while uttering one of four words: earth, water, fire, air. If the driver said "land", the one who caught the ball must quickly name the one who lives in this environment; the player answers the word “water” with the name of fish, the word air with the name of birds. At the word “fire,” everyone should quickly turn around several times, waving their hands. Then the ball is returned to the driver. The one who makes a mistake is out of the game.

"The droplets go around"

The teacher invites the children to play an interesting and magical game. But for this you need to turn into small drops of rain. (Music resembling rain sounds) the teacher pronounces the magic words and the game begins. The teacher says that she is Cloud's mother, and the guys are her little children, it's time for them to hit the road. (Music.) Droplets jump, scatter, dance. Mama Cloud shows them what to do. Droplets flew to the ground ... Let's jump, play. They got bored of jumping alone. They gathered together and flowed in little cheerful streams. (The droplets will make a stream, holding hands.) The streams met and became a big river. (Streams are connected in one chain.) Droplets float in a large river, travel. The river flowed and flowed and fell into the ocean (children reorganize into a round dance and move in a circle). Droplets swam and swam in the ocean, and then they remembered that their mother cloud ordered them to return home. And just then the sun came up. The droplets became light, stretched up (crouched droplets rise and stretch their arms up). They evaporated under the rays of the sun, returned to their mother Cloud. Well done, droplets, they behaved well, they didn’t climb into the collars of passers-by, they didn’t splash. Now stay with your mom, she misses you.

"Guess the Plant"

Now each of you will think of a houseplant, tell us about it, without naming it. And we will guess the plant from the story and name it. Ball game “I know” Children stand in a circle, in the center is a teacher with a ball. The teacher throws a ball to the child and names a class of natural objects (animals, birds, fish, plants, trees, flowers). The child who caught the ball says: “I know five names of animals” and lists (for example, elk, fox, wolf, hare, deer) and returns the ball to the teacher. Similarly, other classes of objects of nature are called.

"Birds, fish, animals"

The teacher throws the ball to the child and says the word "bird". The child who caught the ball must pick up a specific concept, for example, "sparrow", and throw the ball back. The next child should name the bird, but not repeat. Similarly, a game is played with the words "animals" and "fish".

"Air, Earth, Water"

The teacher throws the ball to the child and calls the object of nature, for example, "magpie". The child must answer "air" and throw the ball back. The child answers the word "dolphin" "water", the word "wolf" - "earth", etc. Another version of the game is also possible: the teacher calls the word "air". The child who caught the ball must name the bird. To the word "earth" - an animal that lives on earth: to the word "water" - an inhabitant of rivers, seas, lakes and oceans.

"Chain"

The educator has in his hands a subject picture depicting an object of living or inanimate nature. Transferring the picture, first the teacher, and then each child in a chain, names one attribute of this object, so as not to repeat. For example, a “squirrel” is an animal, wild, forest, red, fluffy, gnaws nuts, jumps from branch to branch, etc.

"Who lives where"

The educator has pictures depicting animals, and the children have pictures of the habitats of various animals (burrow, lair, river, hollow, nest, etc.). The teacher shows a picture of an animal. The child must determine where it lives, and if it matches his picture, “settle” at home by showing the card to the teacher.

"Flies, swims, runs"

The teacher shows or names an object of wildlife to the children. Children should depict the way this object moves. For example: at the word “bunny”, children begin to run (or jump) in place; at the word "crucian" - they imitate a swimming fish; at the word "sparrow" - depict the flight of a bird.

"Similar - not similar"

The purpose of the game: to develop in children the ability to abstract, generalize, highlight objects that are similar in some properties and different in others, compare, compare objects or images. Material: game sheet (screen) with three "windows-slots" into which tapes with legends of properties are inserted; ribbon strips with the designation of the properties of objects. Strips with the image of objects are inserted into the first and third "windows", and a strip with the designation of properties is inserted into the second. Option 1. The child is asked to set the "screen" so that the first and third windows contain objects that have the property specified in the second window. At the initial stage of mastering the game, the property is set by adults, then the children can independently set the feature they like. For example, the first window is an apple, the second window is a circle, the third window is a ball. Option 2. One child sets the first window, the second one selects and sets the property that this object has, the third one must select an object suitable for the first and second windows. For each correct choice, children receive a token. After the first round, the children change places. Option 3. Used in the final stages of development. You can play with a large group of children. The child guesses a “riddle” - he builds images in the first and third windows that have a common property, while the second window is hidden. The rest of the children guess how the objects depicted are similar. A child who correctly named a common property gets the right to open a second window or make a new riddle.

"Choose what you want"

Subject pictures are scattered on the Table. The teacher names some property or feature, and the children must choose as many items as possible that have this property. For example: “green” - these can be pictures of a leaf, tree, cucumber, cabbage, grasshopper, lizard, etc. Or: "wet" - water, dew, cloud, fog, hoarfrost, etc. "Two baskets" On the table are dummies or pictures of vegetables and fruits. Children should arrange them into two baskets. At the same time, objects can be divided not only by belonging to fruits or vegetables, but also by color, shape, hardness - softness, taste or even smell. “Take care of nature” On the table or typesetting canvas, pictures depicting plants, birds, animals, humans, the sun, water, etc. The teacher removes one of the pictures, and the children must tell what will happen to the remaining living objects if there is no hidden object on Earth. For example: he removes a bird - what will happen to the rest of the animals, to a person, to plants, etc.

Children already at preschool age are faced with a variety of shapes, colors, and other properties of objects, and these are toys and household items. And of course, every child, even without special training of his abilities, one way or another, perceives all this. However, if assimilation occurs spontaneously, it turns out to be superficial, inferior.

Therefore, it is better that the development process is carried out purposefully.

Summer is coming, parents are more free.

In a free form, playful, I propose to engage in the development of your children.

Iry on perception. (Color, shape, size)

Game "KNOW THE SUBJECT"

The proposed game teaches to compare objects with each other, is intended for the development of perception in children of 4-6 years of age.

To play the game, you need to put various small items in a linen bag: buttons of various sizes, a thimble, a reel, a cube, a ball, a candy, a pen, an eraser, etc.

CHILD ASSIGNMENT: Determine by touch what these things are. If several children participate in the game, then one child should be asked to describe each object, feeling it, and the second (if there are several children, then all the rest) to guess, name and draw the thing according to the proposed description. You can use items that only start with the letter "k". So we not only contribute to the development of fine motor skills, which are directly related to the development of intelligence, develop tactile sensations, but also contribute to memorizing the letters of the alphabet, train the ability to highlight these letters in words. This skill will help you learn to read faster.

A game "ASSEMBLE THE PYRAMID" For the development of perception of a child of 2-4 years of age. The game requires two identical pyramids. One pyramid is intended for the work of a child, and the second will act as a standard.
the task 1: Ask the child to assemble a gradually tapering pyramid according to the finished standard.

the task 2: Organize complex construction according to the standard, that is, the assembly of an irregular pyramid, a tower of an unusual configuration.

Game "DO IT"

For the development of perception of children 3-5 years old, the following task can be offered:

According to the model, build the same structure from cubes:

A game "FIND A TOY"

Aimed at the development of perception, as well as the attention of children 3-5 years of age.

Several toys (up to 10) can be arranged in a room so that they are not conspicuous. The leader, and it can be both an adult and a child, having chosen a toy, begins to tell what it is, what it can do, what color, what shape, what size. Participants in the game can ask questions, and then go in search of this toy. The one who finds the toy becomes the leader himself.

The new presenter describes the properties of another toy.

The game continues until all the children have passed through the role of the leader.

A game "MAKE A PICTURE"

Aimed at the development of perception in children 3-5 years of age. Take a couple of simple pictures of an apple, cucumber, matryoshka. One picture is whole, and the other is cut into 3 parts.

The appendix gives both whole cards and those cards that need to be cut.

task for the child: assemble a cut picture according to the sample.

Game "CIRCLE, TRIANGLE, SQUARE"

It is aimed at developing the perception of color, shape and size in children 3-5 years old.

The child is given tasks aimed at differentiating the signs of color, size, shape. Pre-prepare the cards with the image of geometric shapes that are in the application.

but). Give the bear a circle, give the doll a triangle, give the bunny a square. Put the square on the window. Put the circle on the sofa. Show red circle, blue square, bring green triangle.

b) Gather all the circles, separate blue circles, green circles, yellow circles, red circles.

c) Show triangles, then select blue triangles, green triangles, yellow triangles, red triangles.

d) Collect all the squares, choose blue squares, red squares, yellow squares, green squares.

e) Show small circles (small triangles, small squares).

f) Collect large circles (squares, triangles).

g) Show green big squares, small blue circles, big red triangles, small green squares.

The game "WE SEW THE CARPET".

Designed to develop perception in preschool children.

The child will work with the material posted in the application, according to the proposed task scheme.

There were holes in the beautiful rug. Near the rug there are several patches, of which you need to choose only those that will help close the holes.

Working with the materials of the application, the child can not only select, but also cut out the desired patch to close the hole in the carpet.

Attention games. (Stability of attention, switchability, distribution of attention)

Game "FIND THE SAME OBJECTS".

Among several toys or objects, the child is invited to find two identical ones. This game develops not only the ability to be attentive, but also develops such a mental operation as the ability to compare.

A game"FIND A TOY" .

An adult describes a toy in the room to a child. The child may ask questions. Then the child is asked to find the object that was discussed.

Game "WHAT IS IT?"

An adult places 3-4 toys around the child and thinks of one of them, telling the child only its location (in front of you, behind, on the right or on the left).

It is known that the toy lies in front of the boy. What's this?

The toy lies behind the boy. What is this toy?

The toy lies to the right of the boy. What's this?

It is known that the toy lies to the left of the boy. What's this?
A game "WHAT APPEARED?"

a) Look carefully at both dolls and answer what appeared on the second doll?

To complete the task, ask the child to describe the first doll, then the second. Then let the child compare both dolls according to the named properties.

Differences - 5.

b) Look carefully at both boys. What happened to the second boy?

The approach to this task is the same as in the previous task. Differences - 6.

The game "WHAT'S LOST?"

a) Look closely at the kittens. What have they lost?

Ask the child about what is drawn on each kitten. Then he must answer whether the first kitten has everything, then the second one.

b) Look carefully at the rabbits. What have they lost?

To complete the task, you can use a bunny toy. The child should look at the toy that the bunny has. And then answer the question of what was lost in the rabbits.

These games are aimed at the formation of not only memory, but also attention and perception.

A game "FIND DIFFERENCES.

a) Look closely at these two cars. What is the difference?

b) Look carefully at these two birds. What is the difference?

c) Look carefully at these two cups. What is the difference?

d) What did the naughty boy throw out of the toy box?

Concentration of attention remains as long as there is interest in perceived objects, events, people.

Games for the development of memory.

Thanks to memory, the child learns knowledge about the world around him and about himself, acquires various skills and abilities.

The development of memory in preschool children is facilitated by learning poems, telling listened fairy tales, poems, observing while walking.

For the development of auditory memory and speech of children of 4-7 years of age, I use songs, nursery rhymes, poems to memorize.

Poems, as a rule, I choose a plot character. Be sure to ask questions to the child.

FOR EXAMPLE:

1) What is the cat's coat? 2) What kind of mustache? 3) What else does the cat have?

These questions will allow you to more fully perceive the image of a cat, which will facilitate the process of memorization.

As you read each line of the poem, ask the children to repeat two lines at a time. Only after that - the whole poem.
Like our cat

The coat is very good

Like a cat mustache

amazing beauty,

bold eyes,

The teeth are white.

Cockerel, cockerel,

golden scallop,

butter head,

silk beard,

Do you let Vanya sleep?

Hey, kachi-kachi-kachi!

Look - donuts-kalachi,

Look - donuts, kalachi!

From the heat, from the heat, from the oven.

From the heat, from the heat, from the oven

All blush, hot.

Rooks flew here

Picked up rolls.

We have bar-ra-nights left!

Shadow, shadow, sweat,

Above the city is a wattle fence,

The animals sat under the wattle fence,

Boasted all day.

The fox boasted:

I am beautiful to the whole world!

Bunny boasted:

Go catch up!

Hedgehogs boasted:

Our coats are good!

The bear boasted:

I can sing songs!

A squirrel sits on a cart

She sells nuts

fox-sister,

Sparrow, titmouse,

Bear fat-fifth,

Mustachioed hare...

To whom in a scarf

Who cares

Who cares.

The cat's house is on fire!

The cat's house caught fire

There is a column of smoke!

The cat is out!

Eyes popped out!

A chicken runs with a bucket

Fill the cat's house

And the horse - with a lantern,

And the dog - with a broomstick.

Gray bunny - with a leaf.

Once! Once! Once! Once!

And the fire went out!

Buy onions, green onions,

parsley and carrots,

Buy our girl!

Minx and cheat!

We don't need green onions

Parsley and carrot,

All we need is a girl

Naughty and cheat!

(Scottish song)

Motility.

For the summer period, three notebooks will be enough: one coloring book, one hatching, one notebook we draw in the cells.

Anna Iotko
Games for the development of perception of preschoolers

MDOAU Kindergarten No. 3 Zei

Educator Iotko A. IN.

Games for the development of perception of preschoolers

Development of visual perception

1. Game "Cut Pictures"

2. Exercise "Selecting the missing piece of the image"

3. Game "Contours"

4. Game "Labyrinths"

5. Exercise "Lip Reading"

6. Game "What the artist forgot to draw"

7. Exercise "Bitmap"

Development of auditory perception

1. Game "Broken phone"

2. Game "Learn by sound"

The child sits with his back to an adult who makes noises and sounds with various objects. The child must guess what produced the sound.

3. Game "Where did you call?"

The child closes his eyes, and the adult stands away from him (left, right, back) and ringing the bell. The child must indicate the direction from which the sound comes.

4. Game "Who is bigger?"

Children close their eyes and listen for a minute to what is happening around. When the minute is up, consider who heard more sounds.

5. Game "Find a box with the same noise"

Development of tactile perception

1. Game "Find a Pair"

The child is offered blindfolded to the touch to find pairs of identical plates (the plates are pasted over with velvet, sandpaper, velveteen, flannel, and other materials)

2. Game "What is inside"

The child is offered balloons containing various fillers: water, sand, peas, beans, semolina, rice, flour, buckwheat, etc.). Balls must be in pairs. The child must feel by touch to find pairs with the same fillers.

3. Game "Snowflakes"

Pieces of cotton wool are laid out on the floor like snowflakes. Children will be blindfolded to collect snowflakes by touch. Whoever collects the most wins.

4. Game "Grandfather - Water"

The child recognizes by touch which of the children is in front of him.

5. Game "Recognize the Shape"

Geometric figures are laid out on the table, the same as those in the bag. The teacher shows any figure and asks the child to get the same one out of the bag.

Development of the sense of smell

1. Exercise "Vegetables and fruits"

Offer to determine the smell with closed eyes, the products lying in the glasses and divide them into vegetables and fruits.

2. Game "Help the Monkey"

Food products are laid out in glasses - bread, fruits, vegetables; toilet items - soap, perfume, toothpaste. Invite the children, on behalf of a sick monkey that has lost its sense of smell and sight, to determine by smell the foods that are edible for it.

3. Game "Smell Boxes"

For games you will need 2 sets of 6 boxes filled with pungent smelling substances (coffee, cocoa, cloves, cinnamon, vanillin, etc.) the child is looking for a pair of each box.

Development of taste perception

1. Exercise "Flavor Jars"

Solutions are being prepared: sweet, salty, sour. The child tries and labels his feelings with a word.

2. Game "Determine the taste"

A blindfolded child tastes pickled cucumber, sweet candy, sour lemon, bitter onion, labels his feelings with words.

Options:

The child tastes raw and cooked foods;

A child with closed eyes identifies different types of bread;

The child determines what kind of fruit he tried;

The child determines the type of nuts by taste

The child determines the type of jam, sweets

DIDACTIC GAMES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERCEPTION.

PERCEPTION OF COLOR.

Colored rugs.

Target: teach children to differentiate colors, distracting from the shape of the object.

Equipment: four sheets of cardboard in red, yellow, green and blue colors, images of toys of the same colors (monochrome).

Speech material: mat. What colour? Red, blue, yellow, green.

Game progress.

The teacher, together with the children, examines the “rugs”, offers to put signs with the names of the corresponding color. Then images of toys are presented (it is possible to name toys with a selection of plates) and differentiate them by color. The teacher can arrange the first two or three pictures himself, while it is necessary to indicate the similarity in color of the toy and the “rug” (such, not such).

Balloons.

Goals: to teach children to differentiate not only different, but also close colors and shades. Learn to select these colors directly from the sample and from memory. Learn to make a choice by color, distracting from other properties of the subject.

Equipment: a demonstration set and a set for each child (flat balls of different shapes and sizes, they can be the same, depending on the task, three shades of primary colors or more), adapted to work with a flannelgraph, flannelgraph, plates, a card with drawn ribbons of different colors in size 25x20 cm.

Speech material: balls, ropes (ribbons), what color? This - not this, red, green, yellow, blue, black, white (blue, pink, orange, brown), pick up, tie a ribbon.

Game progress.

The teacher brings an envelope and invites the children to see what is there (the sign “balls”), after which the children examine the contents of the envelopes lying on their tables. Then the teacher attaches one of the balls to the flannelograph and invites the children to find the same one (give this, this, not this, right, wrong). The balls chosen by the children are attached next to the teacher's ball or on individual flannelgraphs (the balls can be the same in shape and size or different if the task is to distract from other properties). For complication, you can introduce a choice with a delay.

Another version of the game "Balls"

The teacher invites the children to pick up the appropriate color of the rope for the inflated balls. First, according to the model: the teacher himself shows and says: “Here is a yellow ball. What color is the rope? The same. The same. Yellow." Tie a rope to the ball. Then the children independently pick up the ropes for the balls.

The same with a cardboard card, only the balls are approaching the painted multi-colored ropes.

Complications:- number of colors:

· Red Blue; yellow green;

· Red, blue, yellow, green;

· Red, blue, yellow, green, black, white;

· Red, blue, yellow, green, black, white, orange, blue, pink.

First, balls of the same shape, then different;

first balls of the same size, then different;

You can pre-deliberately incorrectly place the balls on the ropes and offer to check the compliance or mismatch of the ribbons and balls, correct errors.

Pyramids.

Goals: teach to exercise color selection, improve children's attention.

Equipment: pyramids with rings of the same color, cards with false rings, a box or a basket.

Speech material: let's play, a pyramid, a ring, the names of colors, who has this color? Who has it? Name a color.

Game progress.

The teacher gives each child a pyramid, for all children the pyramids differ in color. The teacher also takes a pyramid for himself. Takes and removes the top, calls the color: "Red". He puts it in a basket and invites the child sitting next to him to do the same. Gradually, all the rings from all the pyramids are in the basket. Children have only sticks with a base. The teacher, in front of the children, mixes the rings in the basket, takes one of them and shows it to the children: “Who has this?” Children should find out their color and ask for this ring: “Give”, if possible, name the color of the ring.

Checkboxes.

Goals: continue to teach children to highlight not only the primary colors but also their shades. Select color (according to the sample and from memory), abstracting from other properties of the object and taking into account these properties.

Equipment: a demonstration set and a set of flags for each child (flags of three sizes, square, triangular, rectangular, at least 12 colors - shades of red, blue, yellow, green, brown), plates.

Speech material: what color? The names of the shape of the flags (triangle, square, rectangle), values ​​(large, smaller, small), the same, true, not true, like this, not like that.

Game progress.

The teacher invites children to consider the flags, paying attention to the properties of objects (depending on the goal), clarifies the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bform, size (comparison with the standards of form, size), clarifies the meaning of words denoting shape, size (triangle, square, rectangle; large , smaller, smallest).

1 option. After the preparatory exercises, the teacher arranges cups in which he puts sample flags and asks the children to find the same (“give one”). Children place their flags in cups, focusing on the sample (“like this, not like that, right, wrong”).

Option 2. The teacher shows the children one of the flags, then removes it and, after a delay, asks the children to find the same one (“such, not like, the same”).

Aquarium.

Goals: Develop visual perception, memory, attention, fine motor skills of fingers, repeat quantitative counting, knowledge of colors.

Equipment: cards with "Aquarium" (aquarium size 20x20 cm), felt-tip pens or colored pencils (see appendix 3).

Speech material: find two identical fish, color names, numerals, color, remember, find the same, how many?

Game progress: The teacher gives the children cards with "Aquarium and fish, and offers all sorts of tasks.

1. Color card. The teacher invites the child to carefully consider the picture, find and show two identical fish. And on an empty picture he suggests: “Find (along the contour) two identical fish. Color them how you want"

2. The teacher gives a color picture and shows the child one of the fish in the Aquarium, cut out and pasted on a white background. "Find one." The child in the "aquarium" finds the same. The teacher asks to say: “How many of these fish are there? " (shows a sample) or: "How many greens? Blue? etc.; “Count all the orange fish”, etc.

3. The teacher gives two cards: one is colored, the other is blank. Children look at the picture for one minute, find the same fish. Then, the color picture is removed and the children are invited to find these fish on an empty picture and color them in the same way as in the color picture.

4. The teacher gives an empty picture and suggests: “Color two fish in green, four in brown, five in blue,” etc. Or ask the child to color the way he wants. Then he asks the question: “What color is the big fish? How many red fish? etc.

Gnomes.

Goals: develop visual perception of color, memory, attention, fine motor skills of fingers.

Equipment: cards with a picture (size 15x18 cm), cardboard parts of the same card, felt-tip pens or colored pencils according to the number of children (see Appendix 5).

Speech material: names of flowers, gnomes, ball, paint, put the same, in color, what color.

Game progress:

1. Children are given cards with unpainted balls. “Look, what color is the gnome’s suit? Color the ball also. Children name the color and paint the balls in the desired color. Then they check everything together. Why is the balloon green? Because the suit is green. Instead of painting the ball in the desired color, you can invite the child to pick up a ball by color from cardboard counterparts.

2. Children are given cards with deliberately incorrectly selected balls (cardboard parts are superimposed on unpainted balls). The teacher says: “It is necessary that the balls are the same color as the costume. Did I split it right? Correct the mistakes". Children, finding errors and correcting them by shifting the balls to the right place, or find errors visually and indicate (with a pen or finger) where the balls should be rearranged, which balls should be swapped.

3. Children are given cards with unpainted gnomes and balls, numbers are substituted for the gnomes. The teacher gives the task: “Color the costume of the first gnome in yellow, the second - ...” after that it is proposed to color the balls to the gnomes: “What color should the ball of the fifth gnome be? Why?" The correctness of the performance can be checked by the teacher's finished painted sample.