How to grow a peach in a pot. Reproduction with bones

Gardeners in Russia and neighboring countries grow cabbage with pleasure and quite successfully. But the "set" is usually limited to varieties white cabbage different term ripening, broccoli and cauliflower. Meanwhile, we already have popular types of cabbage that ripen earlier, and bring less trouble when growing. In this article, we bring to your attention 5 types of cabbage that you may not have heard of yet, but which are definitely worth growing.

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Not all gardeners dare to grow peach at home, since this heat- and light-loving crop is considered to be very whimsical and intended for planting in warm regions with a mild climate. In practice, its cultivation does not take much time and effort, it is enough to follow the rules for planting and caring for the plant, and it will soon please good harvest fruits. The most common way to propagate it is by planting seeds, but not everyone knows how to plant a peach seed at home so that it gives a healthy sprout.

Growing peach at home: variety selection

Before planting, it is important to take a responsible approach to the choice of a peach variety, to give preference to a more stable and productive one.

Peach is suitable for planting at home:

Photo gallery

You should not choose store-bought fruit seeds, as they are often sold unripe, so their seeds will not be able to sprout.

Growing peach at home: stratification

After selecting the seeds (seeds) of ripened fruits, you need to clean them well from the pulp and store them in a cool place for the whole winter period for stratification. Stratify the bones in a small container filled with wet sand or sawdust. The seed container is kept open. The bones stratified in this way begin to burst by the beginning of spring, after which a sprout hatches out of them, which must be planted in a pot filled with a fertile soil mixture consisting of peat and humus, taken in equal parts. After a while it will form root system peach, then the tree itself will begin to form. As the earthen coma dries out, moderate watering should be carried out, avoiding excess moisture in the soil. In addition, the young plant must be placed in a place lit by the sun, otherwise its growth will slow down and the seedling will soon wither.

How to grow a peach at home in a different way

You can grow a peach from a stone at home in another way, without resorting to stratification. The selected fruits must be divided in half and carefully remove the bone, then rinse and dry well. After that, open the bone and extract the seed contained inside it. You can crack a strong shell with a knife or hammer. Place the extracted seeds for 2-3 days in warm water and change it daily. After this time, the seeds will swell and become larger. Now they are ready to land in the ground. Each seed is planted in a separate container to a depth of 8-10 cm, they are watered, the pot is covered with polyethylene. The greenhouse needs to be ventilated daily so that the earth does not become moldy. The container should have holes for draining water, this will help to avoid stagnation of moisture in the soil and the occurrence of fungus. If there are no such holes, the seeds may rot.

Since the germination of peach seeds is quite low, it is recommended to sow several seeds at the same time, and when sprouts appear, choose the strongest and healthiest of them. For hatched seedlings, it is necessary to carry out proper care, which will consist in moistening the soil and loosening it. A young plant should receive plenty of sunlight.

A peach from a stone at home grows very quickly and can reach a height of 50 cm in 2-3 months. grow back.

How to plant a peach at home and how to care for it

To grow a strong, fruitful plant, you need to know how to plant a peach at home and how to properly care for it. Home care is easy. The room where this culture grows should be regularly ventilated. With a lack of sunlight, artificial lighting should be created. During the dormant period, the tree should be kept in a cool room with a temperature of 2 - 4 ° C. In spring, for flowering, it is transferred to a warmer place, where the temperature is 10 - 15 ° C, after which it is kept in a room at a temperature of 18 - 25 ° C.

Peach needs abundant watering, except during dormancy and fruit ripening. At this time, the volume of irrigation is reduced. Transplantation is carried out in early spring before flowering, or in the first half of September. The tree is transplanted into a fresh soil mixture consisting of turf, leaf ground, humus, peat and sand in the ratio 1:2:1:1:1. Top dressing is applied from the beginning of March to the end of August 2 times a month, using. Peach needs annual pruning and pinching of vigorous shoots.

How to plant a peach seed at home and transplant into the ground

Revealing the topic of how to grow a peach at home, one should also mention its correct transplant into the ground, since a vigorous tree often becomes cramped in room conditions. A peach can be transplanted into the ground in spring, summer and autumn, when the tree is fully grown. Planting a plant on garden plot, you need to remember that when growing peach from seed at home, in the garden this crop will need Special attention, as it will be poorly adapted to harsh conditions. So, for example, for the winter it will need to be wrapped with burlap, the trunk should be insulated with glass wool and other materials. The ground at the roots must also be covered to prevent freezing of the root system.

Planting a seedling in the ground is best done during the dormant period - in March or early September, planting young trees at a distance of 3 - 4 m from the wall or adult plants that give extensive shade. The landing site should be well lit and sheltered from winds and drafts.

Where summers are often cool and rainy, and frosts occur in spring, peach is recommended to be grown in a greenhouse. To do this, choose medium-sized varieties of this plant, or make a St. Julian stock, which limits the growth of the tree.

At home, peach can be grown in winter gardens and greenhouses, where the air temperature in winter reaches at least 0 ° C.

Nectarine is a luxurious fragrant tree that pleases with proper care delicious fruits. Talking about choosing the right planting material for its cultivation, it should be noted that simplest way- purchase an already grown seedling in a specialized store or from generous gardeners you know. And then after 3-4 years you will be able to get the first fruits. But if you are attracted by the opportunity to grow a tree from a stone practically “from scratch”, at home in a pot, your attention is given to the features of this process below (photos and instructions are attached).

Selecting the right seed and preparing it for planting

Peach and nectarine trees are very similar to each other both in appearance and in taste / nutritional characteristics of the fruit. Nectarine - Enough large tree, which can reach a height of 5-7 m.

The fruits are formed on a tree that has reached the age of two. Not yet ripe, they are greenish-yellow in color, they can reach 4-5 cm in diameter. Fully ripened sweet juicy fruits can only be obtained if there is enough sun and heat. It is worth noting that the nectarine is a tree that is quite resistant to the effects of cold: it can withstand sub-zero temperatures(up to -20 degrees). But with too much frost, the buds of the trees will be damaged.

For planting, take the bone of a ripe fruit

If you decide to grow a nectarine at home using a seed, it is important to choose the right planting material. So, the first step is to choose ripe and healthy nectarine fruits (it is better if they are fruits plucked directly from the tree). Carefully separate the bones from the pulp and check them for any defects. Then leave the bones to dry (it will take only a few hours).

Soak dried nectarine seeds in purified water for several days (5-6 days). It is desirable to update the water periodically. After that, be sure to stratify the bones (this will allow them to accelerate their germination).

Prepare containers for wintering planting material: make small holes in them that will act as drainage. Fill them with the mixture sawdust and river sand. Place the bones in containers. Lower the seed boxes into the ground so that they upper edge was level with the ground. Be sure to cover the boxes with straw and sawdust.

With the onset of spring, remove the boxes from the ground and leave them to germinate in the sun. Keep in mind that seed germination is very low (about 25%), so you need to harvest them in in large numbers. First, the root will appear on the plant, then the leaves. Sprouts must be watered carefully. If desired and possible, you can feed them. When they are strong enough, you can land on permanent place.

Nectarine sprout

Technology of planting nectarine in the ground

Since the root system of the nectarine is powerful and develops rapidly, it is better to choose a deep permanent container: it can be a large pot or tub. soil for growing young plant should be chosen very carefully: it should be light, permeable and nutritious. Best Option considered to be a mixture of sod land, peat, sand and leaf humus.

Advice. For growing nectarine from the stone, it is best to choose the fruits of late-ripening trees grown in an area close to you: in this way, you are guaranteed to get a higher seed germination, and the quality of the variety will be preserved almost completely.

In order for the growing season of the plant to pass faster, it is important to correctly plant the seedling in a permanent place. To do this, a small hole is dug in a container with prepared soil, a seed is placed there and covered with soil. Then you need to water the plant.

The subtleties of plant care

In general, nectarine care measures are almost identical to those used for peach cultivation. Among them are the following:

• Watering. Watering the plant should be frequent and plentiful, but during the dormant period (in winter) it is better to forget about watering: it is enough to periodically moisten the plant with an earthen lump.
• Lighting and temperature regime. Nectarine loves sunlight very much, so it is better to expose the plant in places well lit by the sun. From the end of winter, the plant should be in a cool, bright room (with an air temperature of about +16 degrees). At the end of the flowering and fruiting period, the nectarine can be removed in a cold room, where it will be at rest.

Choose a Sunny Place for the Nectarine

• Disease control. Although nectarine is a real “delicacy” for pests, when grown at home, it very rarely gets sick. Nevertheless, the development of nectarine throughout life should be carefully monitored in order to timely eliminate diseases and pests.
• Top dressing. Nectarine definitely needs feeding. Fertilizers should be applied no more than 3-4 times a month. You can use both organic and ready-made mineral complexes. During the dormant period, the nectarine does not need top dressing.
• Pruning. When growing nectarine at home, it is necessary to periodically prune the plant to avoid the rapid growth of its branches. First of all, vigorous shoots are cut off.

Advice. Nectarine loves it Fresh air, so the room where the plant "lives" must be carefully and regularly ventilated, but not supercool the air.

Here are all the subtleties that you need to know for effective cultivation nectarine at home from the stone in a pot / tub. Good luck!

Growing nectarine at home: video

It has always been thought that the peach tree spring bloom and bountiful harvest- the privilege of the southernmost regions of the country. Since the middle of the last century, breeders and amateurs have been promoting culture in the middle lane. Peach can push apricots in country gardens because it is more resistant to return frost, and the seedling from the stone inherits maternal qualities. Fifty lovers of the Moscow region have been cultivating peach in bush form for more than 10 years.

Description of the peach tree

Orchard varieties come from the common peach, shrubby or single-stemmed form. The height of the tree can reach 9 meters, but spreading trees of 3-4 meters are more common. The root system of the peach is superficial, located in the fertile layer up to 70 cm. Peaches love heat, light and abundant watering. The tree bears fruit for 20 years, starting from the second year after rooting.

The peach tree is a cross-pollinated species. Several nearby growing varieties will increase the fruiting of each, especially if you create a fruit conveyor from July to September, collecting specimens of different ripening periods. The keeping quality of peaches is low.

Peach trees cannot be called frost-resistant. They lose part of their roots during winter frosts of -25 if they last more than three days. Roots can withstand a severe frost of 30-35 degrees for a day. A small dormant period wakes the tree during winter growths that occur in winter.

Delicate peach is difficult to tolerate wintering. The crown does not withstand frosts of -20 without shelter, while fruit buds and last year's growth die. It is comforting that the peach tree has a great self-healing ability and in a year the frozen tree will bloom again.

Agrotechnics of peach for each climatic zone

It is customary to grow a peach as a tree climatic zones with a mild climate. At the same time, a cup-shaped crown of trees penetrated by the rays of the sun is formed, located at a distance of at least 3 meters.

For areas with cold winters, the bush form and dense plantings are more suitable. Here fruit links are formed from the lower shoots. Low-lying branches are easy to cover in the winter, ensuring the safety of fruit buds.

Only seedlings of zoned and recommended peach varieties should be purchased. Good result gardeners receive by growing a tree from a local peach seed.

Peach care is year-round, and includes techniques to create conditions for long-term annual fruiting. Therefore, peach farming in the Caucasus and the Moscow region includes the same operations, but they are performed using different technologies:

• planting dates and varieties;
• the formation of a young and fruitful tree;
• watering and fertilizing;
• pest protection and;
• preparation for wintering and spring awakening of the tree.

Each of these activities is based on practical techniques to help the demanding tree survive in hostile conditions.

How to grow a fruitful peach tree in the suburbs

Research done by scientists botanical garden who studied the experience of amateur gardeners in the Moscow region in growing peaches, made it possible to draw some conclusions:

1. Seedlings grown from seeds of local varieties retain maternal qualities if taken from own-rooted peach. Seedlings from rootstocks are barren.
2. Own-rooted peaches are more resistant to local conditions.
3. It is proposed to form a fruit tree in such a way as to give a bush shape, leaving mainly a young growth.
4. Trees should be planted so that they can be covered in the middle of winter. From the north wind create a screen even in the summer.
5. Use seedlings grafted on almonds and cherry plums. Apricot Jardelle for peach is an unsuccessful stock.

How to care for a peach tree? An example proper agricultural technology for the middle zone, the garden of an amateur Kostetsky can serve. The harvest from each of the 20 peaches in 2011 amounted to 30 kg per tree. He got such results by adapting to the needs of the southerners for 20 years.

Recommendations for those who are interested in growing peaches in the Moscow region:

1. Planting several varieties of seedlings with a distance between the holes of 3x4 meters.
2. Spring cutting of dry, weak, infertile branches. After flowering, thinning is required, removal of the excess ovary, then the fruits reach 150-200 g of weight.
3. Protection - 4 times in spring spraying 1% blue vitriol against leaf curl, perforated spotting.

Plant grower fertilizes all year round. After a year, 3 kg / sq. m area of ​​​​the plot of humus in the mixture and potash salt for the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe garden in the fall. In early spring fertilize with liquid organic matter annually. In winter, more than half a bucket is poured into each hole wood ash. In the spring, when the buds swell, 300 g of complex fertilizer, filled with 5-6 buckets of water. After flowering, liquid 10% organic matter is added to the near-stem circle in the amount of 3-4 buckets. In August, top dressing is repeated with the addition of half a glass of superphosphate to the bucket.

In autumn, when the leaves fall, each tree receives another 10 buckets of water. Then the earth is mulched with humus. There is always space around the trunk to prevent diaper rash.

Obtaining a peach seedling from a stone

If you take a stone from a native rooted local variety of peach, it will give the seedling resistance to climatic features, the size and taste of the mother fruit. How to grow a peach from a seed? Can be grown at home in a pot. To do this, you need to hold the bone in water for 4 days, then take it out, split the bone, and plant the nucleolus in a pot.

For spring planting peaches need to be artificially stratified in winter. In a cool place, the bone is stored all winter in wet sand. In the spring, the bone will burst, a seedling will appear, it needs to be arranged in a tub.

It is possible to decompose the bones in well-prepared soil at a distance of 10 cm from autumn. In the spring they will sprout, by autumn they will reach a height of 1.5 m, and will give side branches. Then they are seated in prepared landing pits.

In autumn, young plants are planted without cutting off the upper branches, but the roots are slightly shortened. In the spring, on the contrary, pinch the tops, starting the formation of a tree.

Spring is the most crucial period in peach care.

Nature is awakening. It was at this time that the gardener began suffering to protect the peach from pests and diseases, and to form the future crop.

Peach care in the spring consists in the timely release of branches and roots from the protective shelter, so as not to create diaper rash on the trunk. At the same time, it should protective measures, perform top dressing in accordance with the schedule. As soon as the flower buds begin to swell, within 3 weeks the gardener has the time to form the crown. The event is responsible, requiring practical skills and well-sharpened tools. How to properly prune peaches in the spring, watch the video for beginners:

The main goals of spring pruning:

• rid the tree of fattening branches;
• release access to sunlight for fruiting shoots;
• remove old branches on which there are already few fruitful shoots.

It must be remembered that pruning is an operation during which the tree can be weakened. It should be as gentle as possible. It is impossible to close the wet cut with garden pitch immediately after pruning. Impose protective layer it is possible in 3-4 days, so as not to get a gum treatment.

Only a well-groomed, strong tree can become a garden decoration and bring delicious fragrant fruits.

Spring peach pruning - video

The idea of ​​\u200b\u200bhis own peach tree must have visited every grower, as soon as he had a large, furrowed fruit stone in his hands. It’s worth warning right away that growing a full-fledged peach from a stone at home is not difficult, but this will take time and patience.

Selection of planting material

In the home cultivation of peach, the choice of planting material is given a vital role. Bones for these purposes should be well ripened and easily separated from the pulp. From imported southern fruits, taken at the stage of technical ripeness, it is advisable to refuse immediately: if the seeds from them germinate, then the seedlings will die in the first stages of development from a lack of light and heat. Another thing is peaches of zoned varieties adapted to the climate of a particular region. They are highly frost-resistant, easily tolerate the lack solar lighting and manage to bear fruit in conditions of relatively short summer middle lane.

When choosing local peaches, it would be useful to ask the seller questions such as:

• The exact name of the variety. In the middle lane, the following peach varieties have proven themselves best: Early Mignon, Early Riversa, Nobles, Pobedel, Amsden, White Nectarine and Pineapple Nectarine.
• Growing conditions. This information will provide the trees with the most favorable growing conditions.
• Ripening dates. The fruits of some late varieties do not have time to ripen, and they will have to be brought to consumer ripeness at home.

Having decided on the choice of planting material, you can begin the process of germination.

Preparing for landing

First of all, to obtain planting material, it is necessary to select the most ripe, very soft fruits without traces of mold and damage. Since the risk that the stone does not germinate is quite high, it is advisable to take several copies for the experiment. The bones are removed from the juicy pulp and washed thoroughly. warm water. You can prepare them for germination in any of the convenient ways:

• Stratification- one of the most effective methods seedbed preparation. Clean toasted peach pits placed in a container with wet sand and put away for the winter in a cool place (cellar or vegetable compartment of the refrigerator). Treatment low temperatures is an imitation of natural winter cold for planting material and allows you to prepare seeds for an unusual habitat for them.
• Seed extraction– more fast way preparation. Since stratification for peach pits covered with a dense shell is not always 100% complete, mechanical intervention can speed up the germination process. To do this, the bones are soaked for a week in warm water, then using sharp knife the valves of the stone are opened, and the seeds extracted from them are put into a container and poured with warm water for 2-3 days. Water must be changed daily. Swelling of seeds will be a signal of their readiness for sowing.

Before planting in the ground, prepared seeds are recommended to be kept for several hours in a growth stimulator.

Landing technology

The soil mixture for planting a peach seed should be nutritious and loose. You can use purchased soil for seedlings, after mixing it with pure river sand. landing capacity will serve as a normal flower pot equipped with drainage holes. The landing sequence is as follows:

• Drainage is laid at the bottom of the pot, on top of which a sandy soil mixture is poured.
• After moistening the soil to a depth of 3–6 cm, peach pits are planted.
• The pot is covered plastic bag and placed in a warm place.
• The impromptu greenhouse is ventilated daily, condensate is removed from the film, and watering and loosening the soil are carried out as necessary.

Since the root system develops first, it takes a long time to wait for the emergence of seedlings - sometimes up to several months. As soon as they appear from the ground, the film must be removed and a well-lit, warm place should be identified for the seedlings, protected from drafts and direct sunlight.

Features of care

After the appearance of greenery, peach seedlings quickly grow, reaching a height of 40–50 cm in 2–3 months. At this time, they need competent and timely care for full development:

• The soil under the trees is regularly moistened and loosened, preventing the earthen clod from drying out and the formation of a dry crust on its surface.
• With a lack natural light the place of residence of plants is equipped with additional phytolamps for supplementary illumination.
• As the lateral shoots grow, they begin to form the top in order to avoid excessive stretching of the tree.

AT favorable conditions a young, actively growing peach begins to bloom and bear fruit after 4–5 years from the moment of planting.

Transplant to the ground

If a further cultivation peach planned to continue in open ground, it is recommended to appoint a transplant for the last decade of April, so that the young tree has time to adapt to new conditions. To do this, a sunny, closed from through winds area is chosen in the garden at a distance of 4–5 m from buildings and adults. fruit trees giving a strong shadow. It is not recommended to plant trees in dense clay soils, since moisture stagnation at the roots negatively affects general development culture. In the first 2–3 months, seedlings are shown frequent loosening of the soil. trunk circle, since an extensive root system develops at this time. After rooting, the crown begins to form, the annual pruning of which begins from the second year of the tree's life in a new place. For the winter, a home-grown peach must be wrapped with burlap or non-woven covering material, and the soil of the near-stem circle should be covered with spruce branches or a thick layer of fallen leaves.

Peach at room conditions

Peach seedlings are capable of successfully continuing the growth and development at home. special efforts this does not require:

• The home tree is placed in a well-lit, ventilated room at a temperature of +18° C to +25° C. In the autumn-winter period, when the plant is immersed in a state of natural dormancy, it is transferred to a cool veranda or glazed loggia with a temperature of about +4° C After the awakening of the kidneys, the temperature is increased to +10 ° C, which contributes to better budding.
• Peach is watered regularly and plentifully, except for periods of winter dormancy and fruiting. At this time, the soil is moistened moderately as the surface layer dries out.
• In order to form a compact crown, annual pruning of weakened or improperly growing branches is carried out. It is recommended to pinch the tops of vigorous shoots.
• As the root system grows, the tree is transplanted into a larger container. A fresh soil mixture is prepared from soddy and leafy soil, humus, sand and peat, taken in a ratio of 2: 1: 1: 1: 1. The transplant is scheduled for the beginning of March or the first half of September.
• From the beginning of spring to the end of summer, homemade peaches are fed with mineral and organic fertilizers, however, the use of fresh manure should be refrained from, so as not to burn the roots. From organics for peach, a nutritious infusion of humus is suitable.

Fragile seedlings surrounded by attention and care quickly grow into graceful slender trees up to 1.5 m high, and juicy fragrant fruits of homemade peach will be a pleasant reward for the gardener's efforts and patience.