disinfectant solutions. Preparation of disinfectant solutions of different concentrations
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Introduction
1. The concept of disinfection
Conclusion
Introduction
Veterinary sanitation is one of the most important branches of veterinary medicine, which develops and introduces into the practice of animal husbandry measures aimed at the prevention and elimination of animal diseases, the protection of people from infectious agents and invasions, common man and animals, as well as providing livestock products and feed of high sanitary quality.
In livestock farms, veterinary sanitation provides for the implementation of measures aimed at maintaining the well-being of the entire herd, preventing the introduction or removal of pathogens of infectious diseases from it, and creating conditions that exclude the contact of a pathogenic agent with the animal's body. The recommended norms and rules of veterinary sanitation are decisive in the implementation of technological processes for the manufacture of high-quality livestock products. Currently, veterinary and sanitary measures at livestock farms, poultry farms, transport, at the state border, at meat processing and other enterprises associated with the production of livestock products and, as a rule, are included in its cost. In this regard, reducing the cost of carrying out veterinary and sanitary measures due to the reasonable choice of existing and the development of new disinfectants and insecticides, as well as promising models of equipment that provide optimal technology use of these drugs is one of the actual tasks veterinary sanitation.
For the first time, a system of veterinary and sanitary measures, as constituent part veterinary sanitation, academician of VASKhNIL A.A. Polyakov (1904 - 1990). A significant contribution in the areas of veterinary sanitation was made by the scientists of VNIIVSGE: A.A. Polyakov, A.A. Zakomyrdin (disinfection); V.S. Yarnykh (mechanization of veterinary works); K.P. Andreev, D.K. Polyakov (disinfestation and desacarization); D.F. Trakhanov (deratization).
Until now, his books have become reference books for veterinary workers (Veterinary disinfection, 3rd edition, M., 1964; Fundamentals of veterinary sanitation, M., 1969; Guide to veterinary sanitation, M., 1986); which highlights the issues of disinfection, disinfestation, desacarization and deratization in relation to the conditions of industrial animal husbandry.
In the last decade, the science and practice of veterinary sanitation has been enriched with a wide range of new disinfectants, insecticides, raticides and other drugs. New high-performance equipment has been developed for carrying out veterinary and sanitary measures, in particular, for carrying out aerosol treatments of premises and animals.
The role of veterinary sanitation in our time is increasing due to the changed economic, natural, geographical, environmental and trade relations. Along with large industrial-type livestock enterprises, farms for growing and fattening animals and private enterprises for processing livestock products have appeared, where special attention must be paid to veterinary sanitation.
1.Disinfection
Disinfection refers to the destruction of objects external environment or removal of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms from them. In the system of veterinary and sanitary measures that ensure the welfare of animal husbandry in terms of infectious diseases, increase the productivity of animals (poultry) and the sanitary quality of products, raw materials and feed of animal origin, disinfection (in the broad sense of the word) occupies one of the important places. The term "disinfection" (from the French word des - elimination and the Latin infectio - infection, infection) in translation means "decontamination".
The causative agent from an infected animal to a healthy one can be transmitted by infected objects inanimate nature(transmission factors) and live vectors (insects, ticks, mouse-like rodents, etc.). Therefore, the system of disinfection measures includes: disinfection itself (in the narrow sense of the word), disinsection (des - eliminate and insectum - insect) and deratization (rattus - rat), aimed at the destruction of arthropods (insects, ticks) and rodents - reservoirs, carriers and distributors of pathogens of many infectious diseases. The role and significance of the activities of each section of disinfection is determined by the epizootological features of a particular infectious disease, and the choice of exposure is determined by the specificity of the pathogen transmission mechanism, its factors and ways of spread.
The main purpose of these measures is to break the epizootic chain by influencing its most important link - the factor of transmission of the pathogen from the source of infection to a susceptible organism.
Disinfection, disinsection and deratization are included in the plan of anti-epizootic measures for each farm, farm, district, region, republic.
They are carried out by: veterinary workers of collective farms, state farms, livestock complexes, joint-stock companies and other farms (operators for veterinary treatment of premises, veterinary orderlies, disinfectors); disinfection squads of district and city stations for combating animal diseases, state veterinary associations; self-supporting veterinary and sanitary detachments; de-washing stations and points on railway transport.
On farms, the staff of specialists engaged in veterinary and sanitary work is established depending on the amount of work in accordance with the standards. At pig-breeding complexes, poultry farms, veterinary and sanitary measures are carried out by teams working on a contract and lease basis. In district disinfection teams, according to the standard staff, they are appointed to the positions of chief (veterinarian or paramedic), veterinary orderly and driver.
The veterinary and sanitary detachments were created as self-supporting institutions of regional subordination with different numbers depending on the amount of work. Squads are made up of squads and units.
According to the list of veterinary services provided by budgetary organizations and institutions of the state veterinary service of the Ministry Agriculture and food of the Russian Federation, approved on January 20, 1992, disinfection, disinsection, deratization are paid veterinary services.
In industrial animal husbandry, disinfection is integral part veterinary technology, that is, included in technological process production of livestock products.
The plan provides for the timing, methods and modes of disinfection of production and auxiliary premises, overalls and footwear, Vehicle, territory and other objects of processing; the need for disinfectants, washing and disinfection equipment and human resources, taking into account the scope of work; take into account the location of processing objects, production technology, the epizootic situation and other features of the economy.
Responsibility for the material support for the implementation of disinfection measures is assigned, as indicated above, to the head of the farm, and for the timeliness and completeness of execution - to the chief (senior) doctor of the farm.
Taking into account the epizootic significance, disinfection is distinguished between preventive and forced. The latter, in turn, is divided into current and final.
2. Method for preparing disinfectant solutions
Suspension of freshly slaked lime
Burnt lime is quenched with an equal volume or half the weight of water. AT wooden barrel first pour a little water, and then put a weighed amount of burnt lime and add water in the amount necessary for quenching. Lime, absorbing water, turns into a white mass.
When extinguishing, be careful not to get lime particles on your face or hands.
To obtain a 10% solution milk of lime take 1 kg of quicklime, quench it with 1 liter of water, and then add 9 liters of water.
To obtain a 20% lime milk solution, take 2 kg of quicklime, 2 liters of water for slaking and 8 liters of water to obtain a suspension.
Clarified bleach solution
To prepare a clarified bleach solution with a content of 1-, 2-, 4- or 5% active chlorine, first calculate according to table No. 7 required amount bleach, taking into account the amount of chlorine in the available dry bleach. Then they weigh right amount bleach, pour it into a bucket and, after thoroughly grinding the lumps, add it first a small amount of water until a homogeneous mushy mass is obtained. After that, the suspension is settled for a day in a closed vessel. The upper settled clarified layer is drained and used for disinfection.
Note: if bleach is stale, then the content of active chlorine in it is preliminarily determined (in percent).
Explanation to table No. 6. The upper horizontal line with numbers from 20 to 32 shows the percentage of active chlorine in dry bleach. The numbers in any extreme column from 7 to 27 indicate how much bleach (kg) must be taken per 100 liters of water in order to obtain a solution with the desired concentration of chlorine in it.
Example. It is necessary to prepare a solution containing 2% active chlorine in it. Looking for in top row table number 20. In the vertical column located under this number, we find a number close to 2. In this case, the number will be 2.00. On the horizontal line against the number 2.00 we find the number in the leftmost column. It will be equal to 10. This means that to obtain 100 liters of a solution containing 20% active chlorine in it, you need to take 10 kg of bleach.
The required amount of bleach is calculated by the proportion:
X - 2 Location
That is, to prepare 100 liters of bleach solution containing 2% active chlorine in a solution, you need to take 10 kg of bleach containing 20% chlorine.
Sulfur-carbolic mixture.
The mixture is prepared from 3 parts of crude carbolic acid and 1 part by weight of sulfuric acid. Initially, carbolic acid is poured into the vessel, placed on snow or in cold water for cooling, after which it is carefully, in small portions with stirring, poured into it sulfuric acid and before the use of the composition is left for 3-5 days. In the first 24 hours, the mixture must be stirred periodically. In this case, it is necessary to protect the eyes, face and hands from getting drops of the mixture. Aqueous solutions of the required concentration are prepared from this mixture.
AT winter time 5-10% can be added to the mixture table salt; the freezing point of the mixture is then reduced to minus 8-13°C.
formaldehyde solution
Formaldehyde solution is prepared from formalin containing 35-40% formaldehyde. To do this, the existing formalin is first checked for the percentage of formaldehyde in it, and then the formalin is diluted with water to the required concentration.
For example, the available formalin contains 40% formaldehyde, but you need to prepare a 4% formaldehyde solution. The amount of formalin that must be taken to obtain the specified formaldehyde solution is determined by the proportion:
X - 4, whence X =
This means that to obtain a 4% formaldehyde solution, you need to take 10 ml of the available 40% formalin solution and 90 ml of water.
To obtain 100 liters of a 4% formaldehyde solution, you need to take 10 liters of 40% formalin and 90 liters of water.
If formalin is polymerized (contains a white precipitate), it must first be restored (clarified) by heating to a boil.
Alkaline formaldehyde solution
To prepare an alkaline solution of formaldehyde with a content of 3% formaldehyde and 3% sodium hydroxide, 3 kg of sodium hydroxide in half the amount of water (50 liters) is first dissolved (per 100 l).
After that, it is determined how much formaldehyde is contained in the available formalin.
If formalin contains, for example, 36% formaldehyde, then to obtain a solution containing 3% formaldehyde, 8.33 liters of formalin should be taken, based on the proportion:
X - 3, whence X =
Then, 8.33 liters of formalin are added to the prepared alkali solution, and then water is added to the total amount of the solution - 100 liters.
If, instead of crystalline sodium hydroxide, liquid technical sodium hydroxide is taken with a content of, for example, 38% alkali, then instead of 3 kg of crystalline sodium hydroxide, 7.9 kg of technical sodium hydroxide should be taken:
X - 3, whence X =
An alkaline formaldehyde solution containing 2% formaldehyde and 1% sodium hydroxide is prepared in the same order, but in different concentrations: first, 1 kg of sodium hydroxide (per 100 l) is dissolved in 50 l of water, then 5.5 l of formalin are added ( containing in this example 36% formaldehyde) and brought to 100 liters.
Paraform solution
The drug is a concentrated formalin containing at least 95% formaldehyde.
A solution of powdered formalin is prepared in the usual manner. To obtain a solution of 1% concentration, take 1 part of formalin and 99 parts of water. The water should be warmed up to 50-60°C, as the drug does not dissolve well in cold water.
Formalin-kerosene emulsion
Formalin-kerosene emulsion is prepared in the following way. Weigh the amount of formalin required by calculation and stir it in a vessel with a small amount of kerosene. Then the entire residue of kerosene is added in small portions and thoroughly mixed. Upon receipt of a homogeneous liquid, pour into the vessel in small parts hot water with constant stirring until a homogeneous emulsion is obtained milky. A pre-measured amount of formalin is added to the resulting emulsion. After shaking, a milky emulsion is formed, ready for use. The emulsion is applied after preliminary washing of the surfaces with hot lye.
To prepare, for example, 100 liters of emulsion, you need to take 10 liters of 40% formalin, 10 liters of kerosene, 5 liters of creolin and 75 liters of water. Formalin must first be tested for formaldehyde content; in the finished emulsion should be 4% formaldehyde.
Soda ash solution
To prepare a solution of soda ash, it is first necessary to determine the total alkalinity of the medium, i.e. content of Na2CO3. For example, in the existing soda ash there is 90% Na2CO3, but you need to prepare a 10% solution of soda ash. The amount of soda ash that must be taken to obtain the specified solution is determined from the proportion:
X - 10, whence X = = 11.1
This means that to obtain a 10% soda ash solution, you need to take 11.1 available soda ash and 88.9 ml of water.
Ash lye
For the preparation of ash liquor, ash with a shelf life of no more than 9 months is used, it is sifted through a sieve and poured into boiling water. The leaching of ash in water lasts 1 hour, counting from the beginning of the boiling of water with ash. After an hour of boiling, the solution is allowed to settle. The upper settled layer is used for disinfection. Ash liquor solutions are prepared based on the content of caustic alkalis in them. To obtain lye with a content of 0.5% caustic alkalis, there will be 1.5 kg wood ash or 2 kg of rye straw ash per 10 liters of water, and to obtain lye with a content of 1% caustic alkali - 3 kg of wood or 4 kg of rye straw ash per 10 liters of water. Lye is suitable for disinfection of barnyards in warm and dry seasons. The premises are disinfected with a solution of ash liquor containing 1% caustic alkalis at the rate of 1 l / m2 of area. It can be recommended as good detergent, for cleaning heavily contaminated objects and premises before disinfection, as well as for washing animals in the treatment of skin diseases - scabies, dermatitis, etc.
Peracetic acid preparation
To prepare the drug, take 4 parts of acetic anhydride, 1 part of 25-30% hydrogen peroxide (perhydrol) and 5 parts tap water. It is better to prepare the drug in the cold or irrigate the container for preparing the solution cold water. The exothermic reaction of the mixture components ends 1 hour after their mixing. As a result, a colorless preparation of peracetic acid is obtained, from which its working solutions are prepared.
The shelf life of the drug is 1 month when stored in a dark cool place.
Activated chloramine solution
To obtain an activated solution of chloramine, a powder of ammonium sulphate or chloride by weight is added to the solution of the desired concentration as an activator one hour before use, equal to the amount of the drug taken in the solution.
Do not mix both powders (chloramine and ammonium salt) before preparing solutions, because. this decomposes chloramine and reduces its solubility in water.
When used as an ammonia activator, it is added 8 times less compared to the activated agent. To do this, use an aqueous solution of ammonia.
For example, to obtain an activated solution of chloramine, an aqueous or alcoholic solution of ammonia is added to a 12% solution of it (3% active chlorine) at the rate of 0.4% of the active substance.
It is impossible to prepare activated solutions for the future.
Preparation "PEMOS - 1"
The preparation "Pemos -1" is a disinfectant, which includes hydrogen peroxide (5-10%), lactic acid (1%), sulfonic acid (biolot, lotus) - 0.3% and tap water (up to 100%). By appearance the drug is a yellowish-green transparent liquid with moderate foaming, with a slight odor, miscible with water in any ratio, incompatible with chlorine-containing disinfectants.
To prepare the drug in a clean container (glass, porcelain, ceramics, plastic, aluminum, stainless steel without traces of corrosion), the required amount of hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid is poured, the contents are mixed, kept for 1.5-2 hours, after which water is added to the required amount of the working solution, mixed and sulfonic acid or another surfactant is added to the solution at the rate of 30 g per 10 liters of solution. The shelf life of the drug is 5 days from the date of preparation.
The amount of hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid required to prepare the Pemos-1 working solution of the required concentration is determined taking into account the content of the active substance in them according to the formula:
where X is the amount of perhydrol or lactic acid, l; a - the required concentration of hydrogen peroxide or lactic acid in the preparation; b - the required amount of working solution, l; c is the content of the active substance in the used perhydrol or lactic acid, %.
Anolyte solution
To prepare the anolyte, a 1% solution of common salt (sodium chloride) is used. Anolyte is obtained as a product of unipolar electrochemical activation in diaphragm electrolyzers (Ecomed - M, UDEZH - F, etc.). The amount of active chlorine in the anolyte is determined by the method for determining active chlorine in chlorine-containing preparations.
Conclusion
veterinary disinfection solution preparation
For disinfection, drugs are used that differ in the mechanism of action. Most often, oxidizing agents, halogen preparations, quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC), alcohols, aldehydes and yar are used.
It must be understood that disinfection measures have great importance in the fight against infectious diseases, but their effect is most often manifested in combination with other ongoing measures.
In hospital conditions, sterilization measures, i.e., the complete destruction of pathogens at various objects (a set of measures for asepsis and antisepsis), are the main ones for preventing purulent-septic infections.
List of used literature
Dudnitsky I.A. Quality control of disinfection. - Veterinary, No. 9, 1991. - S. 8-10.
Kirpichenok V.A., Yatusevich A.I., Goridovets V.U. Handbook of veterinary disinfection. - Minsk: Urajay, 1991 - a S. 151.
Korzhevenko G.N., Mkrtumyan A.V., Burkov V.I. and others. Domestic disinfection equipment - in veterinary practice - Veterinary Medicine, No. 12, 2001. - S. 10-12.
Krupalnik V.V. The use of the drug "Pemos-1" in the form of foam for the disinfection of livestock and poultry premises: Abstract of the thesis. candidate vet. Sciences. - Shchelkovo: 2004. - S. 28.
Krupalnik V.L., Popov N.I., Vasenko S.V. Veterinary Sanitation ( tutorial) - M.: MGAVMiB, 2005. - S. 135.
Polyakov A.A. Veterinary disinfection. - M.: Kolos, 1975.
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Target: Prepare a 10% bleach solution
Indications: For the destruction of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms at the objects of the external environment of the wards and functional premises of the departments of healthcare facilities.
Contraindications: Allergic reaction to chlorine-containing drugs.
1. Surgical gown (length not higher than the middle third of the leg).
2. Apron made of rubberized fabric or disposable.
3. Respirator RPG-67 or RU-60 (or 8-layer mask).
4. Safety goggles type PO-2, PO-3..
5. Beanie.
6. Rubber gloves.
7. Rubber boots or on top of ordinary shoes - shoe covers.
8. Medical kit.
Equipment:
1. Scales or measuring container for a set of misinformation. funds.
2. Measuring container for water.
3. Dry bleach 1 kg.
4. Enamelled container with a lid.
5. Dark glass bottle with ground stopper (marked)
6. Wooden spatula.
7. Cold water -10 liters.
8. Gauze cloth or sieve.
9. Journal of accounting for the expenditure of disinfectants.
10. Journal of stock solution preparation.
11. Folder with the result of the chemical control of the dry preparation and des. solutions for the content of active chlorine.
12. Instructions for the preparation of misinformation. r-ditch.
13. Soap for washing hands, face.
14. Silicone cream for rubbing into the skin of the hands after washing.
15. Express scale for determining the concentration of chlorine-containing disinfectants.
16. Stencil-marking “Do not enter! Disinfection is being prepared. solutions!
17. A first-aid kit to help m / s in case of poisoning (the set depends on the disinfectants used).
3. Check for yourself (call a laboratory assistant) the activity of chlorine and the correctness of its storage.
6. Take 1 kilogram of dry bleach.
7. Pour it carefully into an enameled container, grind it with a wooden spatula.
8. Fill with a small amount of water at room temperature.
9. Stir everything with a wooden spatula to a mushy state so that there are no lumps.
10. Carefully pour cold water up to the 10 liter mark.
11. Close container tightly.
12. Attach a tag to the container - a marking indicating the date, time of preparation and the name of the person who prepared it, his position.
13. Leave for 24 hours in a dark place (during this time stir several times) to release active chlorine, you will get a "10% bleach stock solution".
14. Remove protective clothing.
15. Wash your hands, face with soap, dry yourself, rub silicone cream (any emollient cream) into the skin of your hands.
16. Lock the room.
17. After 24 hours, pour the resulting solution through 4 layers of bandage (gauze) into a dark glass bottle labeled "10% bleach solution." (Work in overalls!)
18. Stopper the bottle.
19. Put on the label the date of preparation of the solution, indicate its concentration, expiration date, your position and last name.
20. Dump the sediment into the sewer.
21. Remove protective clothing.
22. Wash your hands, face with soap, dry yourself, rub silicone cream (any emollient cream) into the skin of your hands.
23. Lock the room.
Evaluation of achieved results:
Prepared 10% bleach solution (clarified).
Note:
1. 10% solution can be stored for 7-10 days in a dark place.
2. The solution must be kept out of the reach of the patient.
Preparation of working solutions of bleach:
0.5% - 500 ml of 10% bleach solution per 9.5 liters of water;
1% - 1 liter of 10% bleach solution per 9 liters of water;
2% - 2 liters of 10% bleach solution per 8 liters of water;
Preparation of 1% chloramine solution
Target: Prepare a 1% solution of chloramine.
Indications: For disinfection: - hands;
care items;
Crockery, sinks, etc.;
Tables, bedside tables, window sills, etc.;
Contraindications: Allergic reaction to chlorine-containing drugs
Security nurse at work:
1. Overalls.
2. First aid kit.
Remember! To work with chlorine-containing preparations are allowed persons not younger than 18 years.
Equipment:
1. Weigh dry powder of chloramine 10 g.
2. Water tank with marking up to 1 liter.
3. Capacity for dez. solution.
4. Wooden spatula.
Sequence of actions m / s with security environment:
1. Put on a second (surgical) gown, rubberized apron, respirator or eight-layer mask, goggles, shoe covers, rubber gloves.
2. Check for correct operation supply and exhaust ventilation and alarm, turn on the ventilation.
3. Check for yourself (call a laboratory assistant) the activity of chlorine and the correct storage.
4. On the door with outer side hang a stencil - marking “Do not enter! Disinfection is being prepared. solutions!”, indicate the time when preparation started.
5. Conveniently arrange the equipment you need, check the markings.
6. Pour a small amount of water into the container (preferably warm - for better dissolution of the powder).
7. Place a weighed amount of dry chloramine powder (10 g) into a container with water.
8. Add water to the 1L mark.
9. Stir the solution with a wooden spatula.
10. Close container tightly.
11. Attach a tag to the container - a marking indicating the date, time of preparation and the name of the person who prepared it, his position.
12. Remove protective clothing.
13. Wash your hands, face with soap, dry yourself, rub silicone cream (any emollient cream) into the skin of your hands.
14. Lock the room.
Evaluation of achieved results
Prepared 1% solution of chloramine.
Note:
A solution of chloramine is prepared immediately before use.
The solution is applied once.
A solution of chloramine is good for 15 days if the activity of chlorine is at least 25%.
Preparation of "working" solutions of chloramine:
1% - 10 g of dry matter per 990 ml of water;
3% - 30 g of dry matter per 970 ml of water;
5% - 50 g of dry matter per 550 ml of water.
Remember!
0.5-1% solutions of chloramine are usually used where there can be no blood;
3% solution of chloramine - where there may be the presence of blood (orders No. 40 8, 128);
(from powders, tablets and solutions of concentrates)"
Target: prevention of HAIs.
Indications: carrying out disinfection.
Contraindications: individual intolerance to the disinfectant.
Equipment: overalls (robe, cap); facilities personal protection(mask (respirator), gloves, goggles) depending on the instructions for preparing the drug solution; disinfectant (powder or tablets or concentrate solution); instruction ( guidelines) to the preparation, measuring containers, labeled container for disinfectant solution, tap water.
Manipulation algorithm:
| Stages | Rationale | |
| 1. Preparation for the procedure | ||
| 1.1. Read the instructions for preparing the disinfectant solution (if necessary, calculate the amount of disinfectant and water). | Ensuring the accuracy of the concentration of the solution and compliance with safety regulations. | |
| 1.2. Wear overalls and protective equipment. | ||
| 1.3. Prepare a labeled container (a container with a lid), a disinfectant and, if necessary, measuring containers. | ||
| 2. Performing a procedure | ||
| 2.1. Measure the required amount of disinfectant using a measuring container or count the required number of tablets. | Ensuring the accuracy of the concentration of the solution. | |
| 2.2. Pour some of the required amount of water into the container. | ||
| 2.3. Place the disinfectant in a container. | ||
| 2.4. Stir the solution using a perforated tray. | ||
| 2.5. Add water to the mark of the required volume in the container, using the graduations printed on the wall of the pan. | ||
| 2.6. Stir the solution using a perforated tray. | ||
| 2.7. Close the container with a lid. | Compliance with the requirements for the conditions of storage and use of disinfectant solution. | |
| 2.8. Fill out the tag. | ||
| 3. End of procedure | ||
| 3.1. Remove personal protective equipment. | Compliance with safety precautions when working with disinfectants. | |
| 3.2. Wash and dry hands. | ||
| Note: when preparing disinfectants in glass or enameled containers without graduation, add water using measuring containers for water or prepare a solution in liter jar and pour it into a container; a glass rod is used to stir the solutions. | ||
Manipulation #7
"Preparation of solutions of chloramine and bleach"
Preparation of solutions of chloramine.
Chloramine is a white crystalline powder containing 25-29% active chlorine. Release form: packages of 100, 200, 300 grams. Chloramine is prepared by mixing the powder with tap water. The shelf life of the unused solution is not more than 15 days. The solution is used for disinfection once. Methods of disinfection: wiping (one or two times), immersion (soaking), irrigation (one or two times).
Note:
exposure exposure for disinfection of instruments - 60 minutes, the rest - according to the instructions;
for the preparation of activated solutions of chloramine, a solution of ammonia is used.
Most frequently asked question, which buyers ask in the support chat of our online store - how to properly prepare a working solution of a disinfectant. This question is usually addressed by ordinary consumers, so it would be appropriate to collect all the information on this issue in one review.
To begin with, I would like to draw your attention to the following: Always strictly follow the instructions for the disinfectant!
The instructions indicate those requirements for the preparation of working solutions of disinfectants that the manufacturer considered important for a particular disinfectant.
Manufacturers of disinfectants adhere to some general rules, which are valid for the preparation of working solutions of almost all disinfectants. For example:
- Dishes for must be chemically neutral, clean, without traces of rust. Usually this enamelware(no enamel damage), glass or plastic containers
- For cooking, they usually use clean cold drinking water. If the manufacturer requires distilled water, then this will be indicated in the instructions for the disinfection solution.
- Some drugs can be used not only in the form aqueous solution, but in the form of water-alcohol. For the preparation of such disinfectants, not 2 components are used, but 3.
- Persons under the age of 18 and not suffering from allergic diseases and hypersensitivity to chemicals are not allowed to work.
- When working with the product, the skin of the hands must be protected with rubber gloves.
- The measuring utensils must be clean, dry and chemically neutral. It is highly desirable to use separate dishes for each component of the working solution.
- During all work, contact with the eyes and skin should be avoided.
The key concept for the preparation of a disinfectant working solution is the concentration, which implies the proportion of the disinfectant in the total volume of the working solution. Please note that usually the concentration of the disinfectant for different processing modes and different surfaces to be treated differ, sometimes significantly. Concentration is a relative concept and is therefore true for any disinfectant, that is, a 1% working solution of Alfadez, or any other means that the composition contains 1/100 part of the disinfectant and 99/100 parts of water.
Below is a universal table for the preparation of working solutions for disinfection in the range of 0.1% - 4%. Other concentrations can be calculated from the data table according to the rules of the usual proportion.
Concentration of working solutions of disinfectants
|
Concentration of working solution (%) by preparation |
Amount of product concentrate and water (ml) required for preparation: |
|||
|
1 l solution |
10 l solution |
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|
means |
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After preparing the working solution of the disinfectant, it is recommended to check the concentration of the disinfectant using appropriate test strips. The indicator strips themselves are not included in the scope of delivery of the disinfectant, they can be purchased separately in our online store.
Read and follow the instructions carefully when preparing the disinfectant solution!
You can ask your questions, as well as buy disinfectants in Moscow with delivery, in our online store by phone or via online chat.
LIST OF PRACTICAL MANIPULATIONS
Software discipline "Infectious safety"
speciality: 060109 Nursing
060101 "General Medicine"
060102 0402 Obstetrics
1. (No. 1) Preparation of des. solutions of various concentrations.
2. (No. 3) Pre-sterilization cleaning of medical devices.
3. (#5) Hygienic level of hand decontamination.
4. (#6) Putting on sterile gloves and removing used ones.
5. (№24) The requirement for personal hygiene and medical clothing honey. personnel.
6. (№85) Control over the sanitary condition of the wards, bedside tables, refrigerators.
7. (№87) Wet cleaning premises of health care facilities.
8. (№104) Health worker safety rules in the workplace
nine . (№105) Rules for the preparation of disinfectants.
10. (#106) Disinfectant Handling Precautions
11. (№107) First aid for poisoning des. means
12. (#108) Teaching the patient and his relatives about infectious safety.
MANIPULATION #1
Preparation of des. solutions of various concentrations
DISINFECTION- this is the destruction of vegetative forms of pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms on various objects of equipment, inventory, utensils, in indoor air, on the hands of personnel.
EQUIPMENT: oilcloth apron, rubber gloves, sealed goggles, four-layer gauze bandage or respirator, additional gown, scarf, containers for disinfection, dry bleach or chloramine, scales or measuring container, water, soap, towel, hand cream.
SAFETY.
The preparation of disinfectants is carried out by a specially trained person - a disinfector. Preparation is carried out in a well-ventilated area using overalls, rubber gloves, hermetic goggles and a four-layer gauze bandage. Store disinfectants in places inaccessible to children and persons not engaged in disinfection. Containers with disinfectants should have tight-fitting lids and be labelled. Each container must have a label indicating the name, concentration, as well as the date of preparation, expiration date, painting of the person prepared this solution. The supply of disinfectants is stored in a dry, dark place, a cool room under lock and key. In case of contact with disinfectants in the eyes and on the mucous membrane, rinse running water. After applying the solution, wash your hands with soap and grease with any cream.
RULES FOR THE PREPARATION OF DISINFECTANT CHLORINE-CONTAINING SOLUTIONS.
EQUIPMENT: containers or enameled containers (glass) with tightly ground lids, wooden sticks, measuring spoons, water, measuring cup, disinfectant
SUBSEQUENCE preparation of a working disinfectant:
2) Pour the required amount of water into the measuring cup.
2) Pour 1/3 of water into the container (container) up to the specified amount.
2) Pour (pour) the required amount of disinfectant.
2) Stir the solution.
2) Add the rest of the water and mix the solution again. Close the lid tightly.
2) Mark the container, indicate on the tag: date of preparation, expiration date, name of the disinfectant, its%, signature of the person who prepared it.
bleach solutions:
1. Prepare the bleach stock solution: dilute 1 kg of dry bleach in 9 liters cold water(bucket), (chlorine lime is crushed with a wooden spatula). Mark the dishes.
2. The mixture is settled for a day, stirred 2-3 times.
3. Pour the resulting solution into a dark bottle, closed with a stopper (this is a 10% clarified solution of bleach, which can be stored for 5-7 days in a dark place). The dishes are labeled accordingly.
4. If necessary, prepare a working solution of bleach of the desired concentration:
5. 0.1% - 100 ml of 10% bleach solution per 9.9 l of H 2 O
5. 0.2% - 200 ml of 10% bleach solution per 9.8 liters of H 2 O