What fertilizer to apply when planting currants in the spring. Top dressing of blackcurrant: what, when and how much

With the first rays of the spring sun at the end of winter, it's time to come to grips with putting in order fruit- berry bushes: prune, feed weakened plants.

Having combined such crops as currants and gooseberries in one article, we will take a closer look at how to provide plants with Better conditions so that they thank the owners with a full-fledged harvest of berries.

It begins when the snow still lies in melted heaps on garden plot. At this time, the soil is saturated with moisture, fertilizers are easily dissolved and absorbed by plants.

Currant is an unpretentious culture, but requiring attention

Currant is a fertile shrub for garden plots.

This is perennial unpretentious in care, and with proper care gives a bountiful harvest, survives even in abandoned areas, feels great in the forest. What rich booty taiga people bring home in the form of black and red currants! Berry to berry - selected, fragrant, soaked in the sun.

Why, at home, currants are not always happy bountiful harvest like her wild relatives? For successful development and fruiting, currants require compliance with 4 conditions:

1. Lighting.
2. Watering.
3. The soil.
4. Top dressing.

Choose a site, prepare the necessary composition of the soil should be even before planting berry bushes. These actions determine the success of growth and developmenta young seedling that will "work" on the site for many years.

How much vital energy, nutrients the plant spends in the fight against low temperatures in winter, sweltering heat in summer, pest infestations! caring owner seeks to make life easier for his assistants after winter frosts, providingcaring for currants in spring. top dressing- this is the first step towards the summer harvest.

What you need to know about the gooseberry family

In order to have a clear picture of how to properly feed berry bushes, you need to imagine how morphological features they possess.

Surprisingly, currants and gooseberries belong to the same family. Gooseberries.

Currant is divided into 2 types:

• black;
• red.

The rest of the color currant range is only varietal diversity. Black currants include varieties: green and purple, red - pink, white, yellow.

Top dressing of currant and gooseberry bushes in springcarried out according to the same rules.

How to feed properly

Regardless of when it isfertilizing currants (spring, in summer or before winter colds), what fertilizers are used, it is important to remember how to do it right in order to achieve best result and not harm the plant.

Gardening Tips:

1. Fertilizers should be applied evenly on each side of the bush.
2. Liquid fertilizer is applied under the bush, and then the earth is watered abundantly.

Greater effect can be achieved with deep fertilization. To do this, you need to make a furrow 0.3 m deep in the ground around the bush, stepping back from the trunk 0.5 m. Fertilizer diluted with water is poured into it.

Feeding scheme

Begins fertilizing currants in springand continues throughout the growing season. Conventionally, it can be divided into 5 stages associated with the different state of the plant:

1. Awakening of the plant and swelling of the buds.
2. Bloom.
3. Appearance and ripening of berries.
4. End of fruiting.
5. Preparing for the winter.

If the planting of the seedling was carried out in accordance with all the rules, in landing pit included in required quantity organic and mineral fertilizers, then they only begin to feed currantsfrom the 2nd year - at this age berry culture enters the fruiting phase.

The first dressing is the most important

First fertilizing currants in springcarried out before flowering, when the buds are swollen and ready to turn into sticky odorous leaves, the second - during flowering. At this time, the plant weakened in winter should be fed with fertilizers containing nitrogen. It helps to actively build green mass.

It is impossible to feed currants with nitrogen-containing fertilizers during fruiting, because at this time all forces should be directed toformation and ripening of berries. When fruiting is over, the plant must restore its energy, gain strength, get stronger before the first frost, prepare for wintering - at this time it needs complex fertilizers.

Rule #1: The 1st and 2nd top dressings are carried out with nitrogen-containing fertilizers, all subsequent ones are complex, which include phosphorus and potassium.

Specialized formulations

Fertilizing currants in spring with mineral fertilizers is simple and effective method soil application the right amount nitrogen.

Urea (urea) is most often used for the first spring top dressing:

• for young plants (2-3 years) - 40-50 g for each bush;
• for adult fruit-bearing plants - 20-40 g, divided into 2 top dressings.

The use of specialized mineral compositions is simplest way top dressing. They can be bought in hardware or gardening stores, in the market. How to apply fertilizers, in what proportions and at what time - the manufacturer indicates this information on the packaging. You just need to remember rule number 1, which was mentioned above.

Proponents of environmentally friendly methods of plant care use nutrient mixtures proposed by nature itself and folk experience.

Bird droppings, manure, compost - these are the best nitrogen-containing components for feeding currant bushes in spring. The principle of preparing litter and manure is the same: you need to dilute them with water and water them at the rate of 1 bucket of composition per bush. Breeding proportions are as follows:

• Bird droppings - 1:12.
• Manure (rotted!) - 1:4.

If the manure is fresh, then the procedure for preparing it is different:manure must be poured with water (1: 1), infused for 3 days, then diluted in a ratio of 1:10. The watering rate remains the same: 1 bucket of solution per plant.

Compost or humus is used with early spring and throughout the summer as a mulch under currant and gooseberry bushes.

Complex fertilizers

Ash, yeast, starch contain a whole set of useful elements among them: phosphorus, potassium, magnesium.

• Ash. The ash is poured with water in a ratio of 1:1, infused for 2 days, the resulting infusion is diluted with water 1:10. Consumption rate per bush - 1 bucket.
• Yeast. They are used in the form of a bread composition. To do this, bread crusts need to be poured with water (5-10 l), insist 10-14 days in a warm place. Ready composition, depending on the concentration, diluted in a ratio of 1:10 to 1:3.
• Starch. Ready purchased starch is diluted with water (200 g per 3 l), brought to a boil, then diluted in 1 bucket of water. The consumption rate per bush is 2-3 liters. Have this method a significant disadvantage: the finished starch is not fully absorbed by plants. A more effective way to bring the nutrient-rich potato composition to the roots is to use potato peelings.

Potato peelings - a ready-made set of complex fertilizers

The nutrients that berry bushes of the Gooseberry family actively take from the soil can be returned to the soil with the help of potato peelings. Potatoes contain a number of macro- and microelements, mineral salts, organic acids, starch, glucose, and fats. Such a set of nutrients is truly invaluable for the development of many crops. Particularly favorable to him black currant requiring starch and glucose.

Before carrying out top dressing spring currants with potato peelingsthey need to be prepared. This can be done in two ways:

1. Dry. Cleanings must be thoroughly washed and put in the oven, microwave, near the battery central heating or on the balcony. Important: if drying takes place in the open air, the cleaning must be spread out in one layer, be sure to ensure the flow fresh air. When drying in the oven, oxygen is also needed (the oven door should be slightly open). Subject to these rules, rotting will not occur, cleaning will become dry and brittle.
2. To freeze. Re-freezing of cleanings should not be allowed: in this case, they lose their nutritional value.

Dried cleanings are stored in cloth bags.

P fertilizing currants in springcarried out with a potato nutrient mixture, which can be prepared as follows:

1. Flour. The dried peel is ground with a blender or in a coffee grinder.
2. Gruel. Dried cleanings are poured hot water and leavefor a week, until the potato skin absorbs water and swells. Then it is thoroughly mixed to a state of slurry and used as a fertilizer.
3. Infusion. Dried, frozen or raw cleanings are poured with hot water, allowed to infuse for a day, the resulting infusion is used for irrigation.

The compositions obtained from potatoes are diluted with water 1:10 and used for irrigation: 1 bucket of infusion per bush.

Gardener's advice: whenfertilizing black currants in springcarried out using potato peelings, they should not be laid out on the surface of the earth, as it is possible to attract rodents or pests to the site. Burying raw cleanings into the soil is also not worth it: even from tiny eyes, stubborn potato sprouts make their way to the surface of the soil. Such a "decoration" is unlikely to be appropriate under currant bushes.

All organic and mineral compositions used as root or foliar top dressing. Only manure and bird droppings are used with caution. Their foliar application requires a 2-fold reduction in the recommended concentration in order to prevent burns of leaves and stems.

What will be the harvest on the currant next year depends on the growth of the shrub this season. Therefore, fertilizing currant plantings is an integral part of annual care, no less important than watering, tillage and pruning.

The stronger and larger the annual branches, the more ovaries are formed on them. But sweet and large berry will only be if it receives enough nutrition, sun and moisture during ripening. The root system of all varieties of currant is located near the surface. On the one hand, this requires special attention when loosening the soil, and on the other hand, it facilitates the feeding of plants, making it more efficient.

What fertilizers do currants need? When and how to submit them?

Feeding young berries

If the berry bush was planted in the ground in autumn, next spring he doesn't need to be fed. Everything you need for nutrition and growth is already in the soil. But for currants planted at the beginning of the growing season, top dressing is needed. A couple of weeks after planting under the bushes, 13–18 grams of nitrogen fertilizers are applied per meter of area. So that the active component does not erode and does not decompose in the air, fertilizers are immediately closed up, keeping in mind the proximity of the root system, and abundant watering is carried out.

When the currant begins to bear fruit, in addition to nitrogen, it will need top dressing with potassium and phosphorus compounds. They are brought in in the fall based on a young bush:

• 40–50 grams of superphosphate;
• 10-15 grams of potassium sulfate.

At the same time, currants are fed with organic matter so that 4–6 kg of humus or mullein infusion get into the soil.

Fertilizer for adult currant plants

The timing and frequency of fertilizing under adult bushes largely depends on the type of soil on which the plantings are laid. Dense soil lasts longer nutrients in the layers where the roots of the shrub are located. And through the lungs, for example, peaty or sandy fertilizers quickly go deep and become inaccessible to plants.

Therefore, from the fourth year of life, nitrogen fertilizers, which accelerate the growth of greenery and shoots, are applied annually at the rate of 20–25 grams of urea per plant. Moreover, for more efficient use of top dressing, they are often divided into two doses.

In the spring, 2/3 portions are brought under the bushes, which makes it possible for the currant to give leaves together, bloom and form ovaries. And the remaining amount enters the soil after flowering. This top dressing will support the bush when the berry begins to pour.

Phosphorus and potash fertilizers on dense soils can be applied not every year, but at intervals of 2-3 years in a vein or in autumn so that the plant has:

• 120–150 grams of superphosphate;
• 30-45 grams of potassium sulfate.

Organic fertilizers can also be applied intermittently. But if there are sandy soils under the plantings, the gardener needs to be prepared for the annual feeding of currants. Won't hurt extra summer, traditional and out root top dressing, which are combined with irrigation or fertilize in liquid form.

In this case, the application rates of mineral fertilizers are somewhat reduced so as not to cause burns of the root system and “overfeeding” of berry bushes. It is especially important not to overfeed currants with nitrogen. Its excess causes an increased mouth of green mass to the detriment of the quantity and quality of berries. In addition, powerful one-year-old shoots do not have time to mature by autumn and often die from winter frosts.

Trace elements for berry bushes

In addition to the main nutrients, trace elements are vital for currants. Their plants are received in June. In this case, they take on a bucket of water:

• 1–2 grams blue vitriol;
• 2–2.5 grams boric acid;
• 5-10 grams of manganese sulfate;
• 2-3 grams of zinc sulfate and the same amount of ammonium molybdate.

If the gardener has complex fertilizers with microelements for berry bushes at his disposal, it is convenient to use them. The prepared solution is applied under the crowns at a distance of 20–30 cm from the root. For better absorption, it is in this zone around the bushes that shallow furrows are made, which are sprinkled with top dressing and covered with mulch. Fertilizers in this way need to be in moist soil, so the bushes are watered first.

Taking care of the nutrition of currant bushes before the formation of berries and during their ripening, many novice gardeners lose sight of the fact that after harvesting, the plants also need care. It is at this time that the flower buds of the next year are laid, new shoots are formed and grow stronger.

Fertilizers for currants can be applied with dry granules scattered or in liquid form, adhering to a zone equal to the diameter of the crown.

Wherein trunk circle it is important to regularly loosen, trying not to damage the roots, water and weed. Removing weeds is extremely important, because they not only draw moisture from the soil necessary for currants, but also take away the main nutritional components and trace elements from cultivated plantings.

Currant - useful berry, which is not very whimsical and from year to year pleases the owners with a good harvest. But to get the best in quality and volume of collection, you should think about feeding these bushes. Do not underestimate the impact of organic and mineral fertilizers. Autumn dressing of currants is the most important. And it must be started immediately after the last berry has left the bush. This plant has many properties. After all, its berries, leaves and even branches contain a large number of vitamins. But in order to “create” vitamins, the shrub itself needs to be fed. Currant is considered not the most whimsical berry shrub. But she, who has been growing habitually in the garden for a long time, needs your help in the fall for a successful wintering and a good harvest next summer. In this article we will talk about how to feed currants after fruiting.

Terms of fertilizing currants in the fall

To on next year a good currant was born, top dressing in the fall should be carried out strictly in certain deadlines. Do not hesitate with this matter and start mixing in a little nitrogen fertilizer as soon as you remove all the berries from the bush. Since you should get the maximum grown stems by the end of November. This means that it is required to speed up this process as soon as possible. But if you do not stop such fertilizer before September ends, then the currant will freeze out as soon as the first frost appears. But lay compost and humus at the very end of autumn. Since its decomposition will occur no earlier than in three months, it will begin to feed the plant just in the spring.

How to fertilize currants in the fall

In order not to perform those actions, as a result of which your currant may die, top dressing in the fall should be carried out not only technically correctly, but also using the right components. Nitrogen-containing components are added first. Within a week, you will be able to see the result of such top dressing. This is due to the fact that such fertilizers act very quickly, and buds wake up before our eyes on a growing bush, and shoots of one year are well compacted. Mid-October is the time to apply manure. The first part should be buried deep enough. Such top dressing of currants in the fall begins with the fact that manure is scattered around the bush, and then digging is carried out to a depth of about twenty centimeters. After such manipulation, the soil surface must be leveled with a rake. It is no longer necessary to bury the next portion, but simply place it around the bush.

Feeding blackcurrants in autumn

Do not forget that all root dressings are applied only to moist soil - after good rain or heavy watering. Neglecting this rule can lead to disastrous consequences - fertilizer in dry soil will harm the roots and can even lead to the complete death of the bush.

All types of currants respond very well to top dressing, but at the same time, care must be taken to ensure that the complexes introduced have a minimum amount of chlorine - this element has a bad effect on currants, worsening its growth and the general condition of the bush.

The best top dressing for currants in the fall is the application organic fertilizers (bird droppings, manure or compost) under a bush, followed by covering with soil and mulching with sawdust, straw or spruce branches. In total, up to 6 kg of organic fertilizers can be applied under each bush. After picking the berries, blackcurrants are treated with micronutrient fertilizers, in particular zinc and manganese, which increases disease resistance.

Red currant nutrition

Immediately after picking the berries, it is advisable to treat red currants with a special complex for berry bushes (“Berry”, “For fruit and berry bushes”, “For berry bushes”). Fertilizers can be applied both under the root and along the leaves. In the second case, the concentration of nutrients should be lower so as not to harm the leaves and shoots. It is better to spray bushes in the evening or in cloudy weather. Good result give fertilizing red currants with manganese, boron and copper - this improves the quality of the crop and helps to increase the immunity of the bush. For those who cannot afford to spend a lot of time caring for the garden, but still want to get good currant yields, sowing green manure plants in the aisle is suitable. Lupins, mustard or vetch are sown under redcurrant bushes, and in autumn the aisles are dug up along with the green mass of green manure.

Natural autumn top dressing of currants

Plants can independently extract beneficial trace elements from environment. For example, you can cut green grass and put it in a 20 liter container. There you also need to pour a few ladles of ash and finely crumble stale bread. The resulting mixture should be poured with water, covered with dark polyethylene and left for a week in a sunny place for fermentation. This infusion is suitable for processing currant bushes, raspberries and gooseberries. Additionally, each bush should be watered. Autumn top dressing will allow berry bushes to accumulate a large supply of nutrients for the winter, and the plants will more easily endure severe frosts and lack of snow. So don't neglect it milestone in caring for garden shrubs and do not leave them for the winter without water and fertilizers.

How to fertilize the ground for planting currants in the fall

Most right time for planting berry bushes, and in particular currants, - the end of August - the beginning of September. The key to success is not only proper fit but also in well-prepared soil. The black currant has a superficial root system, so it does not need deep landing holes. It is best to plant currants in one row along the border of the site. Firstly, it will be convenient to look after her, and secondly, she will close you from neighbor's eyes. If your site is flooded with water, then it is better to place the currant bushes on a continuous ridge that rises about 15–20 cm above the soil level.

We fill the landing pit or trench with a depth of only 20–25 cm with well-rotted compost or rotted manure. Blackcurrant prefers slightly acidic soils, although it tolerates even acidic soil. If your soil is acidic, and even more so strongly acidic, then a deoxidizer should be added to the planting hole, which will work in the soil for a long time.

Fluff lime is not suitable for this: it dissolves in water all at once and is immediately washed out by rains from the upper soil layer to the lower ones. It is better to use dolomite or chalk, gypsum, old cement, old or dry plaster. You can use eggshell, which should be pre-grinded. If you use ash, you should be aware that the calcium contained in it is also quickly washed out by water, and you will have to add ash annually. Therefore, when planting, phosphorus fertilizer should be applied to the planting pit. Enough 2 tbsp. spoons of double granular superphosphate under the bush.

When planting, it is recommended to make an additional 1 tbsp. a spoonful of urea and potassium that does not contain chlorine. For the Northwest, such a recommendation is unsuitable. Potassium and nitrogen, which are readily soluble in water, autumn planting rains are washed out of the soil into the lower layers. By spring, these fertilizers will be inaccessible to currant roots. In winter, the roots of plants do not absorb anything from the soil. Therefore, during the autumn planting, only phosphorus should be applied. Nitrogen and a half dose of potassium should be applied in the spring, after the spring frosts have passed.

Probably, there is no such summer resident who would not plant at least a few currant bushes on his site. about the benefits of these healing berries everyone knows. In terms of the amount of vitamins, minerals and nutrients, black currant has surpassed all berries known to mankind. But the culture itself is unpretentious and modest - it does not seem to require anything special. In summer, currants should be fed so that shoots and fruit buds grow and develop well. Currants can be fed phosphate fertilizer(phosphorite flour with the addition of superphosphate) Currant bushes are sensitive to chlorine, therefore, for their feeding, substances containing potassium should be avoided, preferring potassium sulfate or wood ash. In our article we will talk about summer dressings currants.

When currants are fed in summer

In the first half of June, organic fertilizing of currants should be carried out. Experienced gardeners it is advised to spend at least two more top dressings with liquid fertilizers in the summer. One - in early July, during the filling of berries, the other - after harvesting, when new flower buds are laid, that is, in late July - early August. Top dressing after picking berries will provide good harvest currants next year.

Foliar top dressing of currants, which are carried out in June-July, are very welcome by specialists. For this use water mixture urea with trace elements. For 10 liters of water, take 20 g of urea, 5 g of boric acid, 3 g of potassium permanganate and 30 g of copper sulfate. Boric acid, potassium permanganate and vitriol are stirred in a separate container, and then they are combined together and the plant is sprayed with this mixture.

Precautions when feeding currants

It is especially necessary to pay attention to the fact that mineral fertilizers purchased for currant bushes do not contain chlorine, this element has a bad effect on the plant. You also need to observe the measure in the use of nitrogen fertilizers. They have a good effect on the growth of the bush, but at the same time reduce the fruitfulness of the plant and make it more vulnerable to fungal diseases. Excessive nitrogen fertilizers for currants after harvest are especially dangerous, as they inhibit the ripening of branches, and this can lead to freezing of the bush in winter time. However, it is important to observe the dosage of any fertilizer, not just nitrogen, so that the currant roots do not suffer.

How to properly feed currants

In order not to harm currants, every gardener must know how to properly apply nutrients. Nitrogen top dressings are usually applied in the root way, since the foliage absorbs them somewhat worse.

Before top dressing, the ground around the bush should be dug up well and watered abundantly, otherwise fertilizers can burn young roots. For the same reason, it is impossible to lay out bird droppings directly into the trunk circle.

It is better to step back 20-30 cm from the stems and scatter fertilizer on the ground, and then cover it with a small layer of earth or mulch on top. cow dung insert deep enough. To do this, the rotted mass is laid out around the bush and the soil is dug up to a depth of 20–25 cm within a radius of about one meter.

Fertilizing currants in summer after flowering

Immediately after flowering and summer period experts advise using liquid top dressings for blackcurrants - organic and mineral. For organic dressings suitable diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10 infusion of chicken mint, diluted with water 1:4 infusion of liquid mullein or " green manure"- infusions of weeds, which is also diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10.

For mineral liquid dressings, 10 g of nitrogen, 20 g of phosphorus and 10 g of water are diluted per 10 liters of water. potash fertilizers. Can be used complex fertilizer with high content phosphorus and potassium, using 20-30 g per 10 liters of water. Liquid fertilizer - both organic and mineral - is applied at the rate of 10 liters of solution for each bush. Feeding with liquid fertilizer after flowering is necessary to support the plant and get a good harvest. Liquid fertilizers are applied after good watering or rain in the furrows that make everyone around currant bush. After watering and fertilizing, it is advisable to mulch the soil around the bush.

Foliar dressing of currants in summer

Experienced gardeners recommend foliar fertilizing of currants with microelements in June-July. To do this, 5 grams of potassium permanganate, 3 grams of boric acid and 30-40 grams of copper sulfate are diluted separately in different containers, and then mixed in 10 liters of water. This solution is sprayed with currant bushes.

Liquid fertilizing currants in summer

In addition to applying basic fertilizers, blackcurrants are given liquid top dressing, which is combined with watering. Usually they are used during flowering (May), during the period of shoot growth (May, June), when pouring berries (June) and immediately after harvest (August), when flower buds are laid.

For top dressing, an infusion of mullein or slurry is used, diluting 3-4 times (a bucket of solution per bush); infusion of bird droppings, diluted 8-10 times (half a bucket-bucket of solution per bush). Sometimes it is difficult to get natural organic fertilizers, in these cases you can use ready-made preparations from the store, for example, “Barrel and 4 buckets”, “Top-roots”, etc.

Fertilizing currants in the summer with folk methods

1. Ash feeding. Pour half a bucket of ash with water 1:1 and leave for 2 days, dilute the resulting composition 1:10, consumption per bush 1-2 buckets of solution.
2. Starch. It is advised to dig dried potato peelings under the bushes, but the process of collecting and drying the peelings is very time consuming and time consuming. You can use store-bought starch - dilute 200 grams of starch in 3 liters of water, boil and dilute in 1 bucket of water, consumption per bush is 2-3 liters. The downside of this recipe is that such starch is poorly digested. Most acceptable way the use of potato peels is to prepare an infusion from them. From the beginning of the summer season, put the potato peels in a large bucket or barrel with a small amount water, you can add chopped green grass there and banana peel, throughout the season, after 2-5 weeks, the infusion can be used. Dilute 1:10 and water currant bushes at the rate of 1 bucket of infusion per bush.
3. Bread fertilizer. Bread crusts are poured with water from 5 to 10 liters and infused in a warm place for 2 weeks. You can dilute from 1:10 to 1:3, depending on the amount of solution and its concentration.

What other care is needed for currants in summer

Watering plays important role when caring for currants in hot summer. Also keep clean between the bushes, remove weeds on time. Feed with organic fertilizers, along with watering. Inspect the bushes all the time, and if pests or diseases are identified, take action, but do not treat with chemicals three weeks before the berries ripen, get by folk remedies. When the berries begin to sing, they need to be collected individually and selectively - only ripe as they ripen.

Knowing how to fertilize currants in the summer, and spending preventive examination, you can get every year big harvest this berry.

Its special value is unpretentiousness. But still, for large and large fruits, it is necessary to give the plant additional activators for growth every year. Therefore, caring spend in the spring and throughout the season.

When to feed currants in spring

Everyone Needs Extra Nutrients fruit plant. You can make them in the ground or spray them with foliage. In any case, the bush will thank you. It is important to do this on time and regularly.

Fertilizer for a bush can be different: organic, root and foliar. Fertilize in autumn organic matter, and in spring it is preferable to use mineral mixtures. liquid top dressing can be done in a year four times:

• at the beginning of flowering and bud break;
• at the end of flowering, when the plant begins to grow rapidly;
• the beginning of July is the time when the berries are suitable;
• when the whole harvest is already harvested.

Each of these feeding options has its own characteristics. You can not overdo it or add those elements that the plant in this moment Not needed.

What is fertilizing currants in spring

It is in the spring, at the time when the plant begins to actively grow and develop, it draws everything that is in the soil. Therefore, during this period it is important to spring top dressing.
If in the fall you can skip this procedure, then in the spring in no case should you do this. In addition, how much work will be done in the spring depends on your autumn activity.

Important! If you have already fertilized certain substances in the fall, then they must be removed from the fertilizer mixture for the bush in the spring.

And save the soil two types of fertilizer: mineral and organic. It is important to know when and which of them the plant needs for normal development.

Mineral fertilizers

Fertilizing currants in the spring with mineral fertilizers is necessary for the reason that during this period the plant draws everything that the soil gives it to form buds and the flowering process, strengthen the roots, or, in other words, - development of the aerial and root parts of the bush.
Minerals are especially necessary for plants that do not get everything they need from the soil in the first year of their growth. Therefore, phosphorus is useful here, and. You will notice insufficient development by the weak growth of the bush.

fertilizers phosphorus-potassium should be applied together with others in a year or two, focusing on the condition of the soil. It is preferable to add them to autumn period, to prepare for the winter, but they will not interfere in the spring.
Potassium substances are used only those that do not contain chlorine. The best and most popular option is this. Fertilizing currants in spring with ash is especially necessary for sandy and light soils.

Mineral nitrogen fertilizers help the plant gain strength after winter and grow actively. If the soils are fertile, then they will not need nitrogen.

If you notice that the plant is not growing as progressively, and its leaves have light shade green, this means that they lack growth activators - nitrogen.

Important! You have to be careful with nitrogen. An excess of this substance harms the plant, increases the risk of disease, and reduces yield. The application of this fertilizer in summer will weaken the plant, its internal tissues and reduce resistance to upcoming frosts in winter.

- another variety simple options mineral supplement for a bush in the spring.
Spraying the root system of the plant is made from a solution based on such fertilizers. The recipe is the following:

• water 10 l;
• boric acid - 2 g;
• zinc sulfate and manganese, 2 and 5 g, respectively;
• copper sulphate up to 2 g.

These substances are designed to replace or supplement mineral fertilizers for currants in spring, summer, and autumn. Of course, the best effect is noticeable when both options are used together, in the right proportions and at the right time.

Organic matter is best applied during the summer and planted autumn: humus, . These same products will help you when landing. They must be added to the soil, so that later you don’t have to think about how to fertilize the currant bushes in the spring of next year.
For one bush, you will need about 7 kg of organic fertilizers, which are buried in a hole.

For annual top dressing, if desired, to replace mineral fertilizers, use any organic matter. Its volume is not small - up to 15 kg per 1 currant bush. Now you can choose:

• alternate minerals and organics in a year;
• combine two types of fertilizer, reducing the volume of each by 2 times.

Currant fertilizer potato peels- another interesting option organics. Its advantage is that potatoes contain a large amount of starch, which is perfectly absorbed by currants.
Regular starch, which can be bought in a store, is rejected by currants, but potato starch - loves. In addition, it is another source of potassium and other trace elements, vitamins, and minerals.

Did you know? Fruitcurrants, absorbing a rich infusion of potato peels, increase in size and become sweeter in taste. And it is possible to carry out such top dressing in a volume of 3 liters per bush three times a year: when the ovaries appeared, the berries ripened and the last fruits were collected.

Undoubtedly, potato peelings– the best fertilizer for currants. You can prepare a solution from 1 liter of frozen or dried peels, which are poured into 10 liters of water at a temperature of 100 degrees. The container must be insulated and left for three days, stirring constantly.

How to feed currants in spring

Before getting down to business, you need to understand not only the types of fertilizers, but also how to properly apply them to the soil without harming the plant.

Rules for feeding bushes

Fertilizing currants in the spring is carried out as follows:

• need to fertilize evenly;
• you need to localize the substance near the plant itself along the radius, which will slightly exceed the diameter of the crown;
• the first two years, currants can bear fruit without top dressing, if it was introduced during planting sufficient the amount of fertilizer;
• mineral substances are less active and cannot independently penetrate deep into the soil to the lower layers of the roots, which means that when applying such a fertilizer, you need to do grooves or holes up to 30 cm deep, located 40 cm from the plant in a circle, where to place mineral salts;
• nitrogen compounds normally penetrate the soil, but when they are applied, they need to mix with earth;
• organic fertilizer spread on the ground, around the bush;
• for effective nutrition unite root and root (spraying) fertilization procedures;
• used for foliar feeding smaller amount mineral substance so as not to burn the leaves, and choose from those that are completely soluble in water.

Important! It is necessary to spray the plant with minerals in the dark, when the sun will not fall on the foliage. So the liquid remains on the surface of the leaves longer, and the likelihood of burns will be significantly reduced.

The use of mineral trace elements for spraying is what you can feed the currants in the spring before flowering and after the ovaries are formed.

Stages of feeding currants

Throughout the life of this bush, it is desirable to monitor its cleanliness and health, improve the condition of the soil, prepare for winter and give useful material spring.
Therefore, top dressing should be carried out in several approaches, discussed below.

First dressing

Consider how to feed currants in the spring with or without autumn fertilizer. So, if in the fall you introduced phosphorus, potassium and organic matter, then in the spring it is only up to nitrogen.

That's what it is first stage top dressing. When the shoots begin to actively fill the branches of the bush (their length should reach 2 cm), you can get down to business. nitrogen fertilizer- This:

• and, 15 g each;
• 37 g of calcium nitrate.

These substances are diluted in water until completely dissolved. The proportions are based on one bush. If you need to add other salts, then their amount should be within:

• phosphorus - 60-100 g;
• potassium - 30-40 g.