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Hawthorn is a perennial thorny shrub from the Rosaceae family. In total, 47 species of the plant are known, but the most studied is the blood-red hawthorn, common. Such names are used - “lady”, “hawk claws” and even “rooster spur”. It can grow as a large bush or a cluster of trees - in the latter case, the height of the shoots reaches 5 m. The fruits can be spherical, elongated, apple-shaped in shape, the taste is sweet and sour, the flesh is fleshy, yellow or orange, in the middle there are many small seeds. Wild growth is found on the territory of the Tambov region and in Eastern Ukraine, mainly in clearings in a deciduous forest. In the Central Chernozem region, it is bred artificially in decorative purposes. Fruits-berries are used in medicine and cosmetology.
In diets for weight loss, dishes with this plant are introduced only in cases where it is established that the cause of extra pounds is swelling. The main property is too pronounced - pressure reduction. But a one-time entry into the daily menu of the product is welcome - it replenishes the reserve of useful substances without adding extra pounds.
The calorie content of hawthorn per 100 g is 58.5 kcal, of which:
The benefits of hawthorn for the body are provided by the following components:
natural remedy has the following effects on the body:
Hawthorn helps athletes tune in to win - this natural stimulant allows you to quickly recover from increased stress.
Contraindications for the use of hawthorn berries are as follows:
Recipes with hawthorn berries:
in legend Ancient Russia the sorceress turned the good lady into a bush of hawthorn, so that the flow of good deeds that the lady was engaged in during her lifetime would not dry up. That is why the plant helps to cure many diseases.
Hawthorn has different folk names. The ancient Slavs - a wilderness, in times Kievan Rus- boyarka, in Azerbaijan the bush is called emishan, in Kyrgyzstan - bazarsha, in Moldova - paduchel, in Armenia - tsrptkin, in Georgia - kuneli, in Kalmykia - tolon.
AT Ancient Greece from branches flowering bush virgins, dreaming of getting married quickly, weaved wreaths, decorated their hair with them, and then gave them to Hymen, the god of family and marriage. At the same time, the doctor Dioscorides described the properties of the plant and listed all the diseases that can be alleviated with the help of medicines from hawthorn.
In the 14th century, the hawthorn almost fell into disgrace. They tried to treat infectious diseases, toothache and eliminate problems during a difficult pregnancy. Fortunately, the healers realized in time that beneficial features limited, and did not ruthlessly destroy the growth. Similar attempts to heal all diseases were made by ancient Roman doctors 200-300 years before our era, but then medicine was in an even more primitive state.
And already in the 17th century, Peter the Great awarded the hawthorn an official title medicinal plant, ordered to start breeding selection of bushes with more large fruits and the most pronounced number of healing properties. Such varieties were grown in the royal gardens, crossing the most successful combinations- bushes with larger and juicier berries, with a pronounced aroma, with berries in which there are few seeds ... Medicines for the nobility were made from them and the fruits were used in the preparation of desserts. Common people picking berries wild plant with the same goals.
Hawthorn, which grows like a tree, has a particularly strong wood from which furniture can be made and souvenir products. And the bushes of bright red hawthorn have strong, long, sharp thorns that allow the plantings to be used as a living barrier. Such a fence reliably protects from uninvited guests and performs a decorative function.
Watch the video about hawthorn:
This tree is called by different names. As a child, we called him "boyarka" and ate his soft orange berries. There are more than a thousand species of this tree on Earth, in Russia - within fifty, but highest value for humans, there are only ten species. Hawthorn berries are edible, healthy and tasty. In the old days, ground dry berries were added to bread dough to give it a fruity flavor. From the hawthorn, an excellent prickly green hedge is obtained, protecting the dacha from uninvited guests from all volosts for 200-300 years.
hawthorn value
Berries
Most types of boyars give slightly sour, pleasant and useful fruits. But in the family there will always be at least one pest. There is one among the hawthorns with the name "doubtful hawthorn", the berries of which are dangerous to people, because they are poisonous.
Berries are rich in active substances, vitamin C (especially in fruits growing in Siberia), carotene, organic acids, carbohydrates, pectin substances.
They are used to prepare tea, a coffee surrogate, juice, a drink in collaboration with honey and kvass concentrate, compote. Cook puree, jam, jam. They make marshmallows, sweets, rub with sugar, candied whole berries. The company with apples makes an excellent filling for pies. Hawthorn puree and honey are used to make gravy for pancakes, pancakes and thick cereals.
seeds
Flowers
Hawthorn flowers are an excellent honey plant, and are also used in medicine for functional disorders of the heart (atrial fibrillation, hypertension - lower blood pressure).
Juice from fresh flowers is mixed with alcohol (1:2) and infused for 15 days. Then take it three times a day, dropping forty drops into a tablespoon of water. Or an infusion of 3 cups of boiling water and 3 tablespoons of flowers is drunk per day in three doses for glaucoma, suffocation, dizziness, heart disease.
Leaves
Hawthorn leaves contain a number of acids, quercetin (has anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, decongestant effects. Also found in onions, lemons), vitexin rhamnoside (close to glucose esters), essential oil.
Bark
Hawthorn bark is rich in esculin glycoside (krategin).
Contraindications for use
Although hawthorn is not toxic (with the exception of dubious hawthorn), it is better to refrain from it with increased blood clotting, cardiac arrhythmias, low blood pressure, during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Several types of hawthorn
* Blood Red or Siberian th - a shrub up to 4 meters high, or a thin-stemmed tree up to 6 meters. It often has spines up to 5 centimeters long.
In May-June, it is covered with white dense brushes of flowers. Brownish or blood-red, sometimes orange-yellow berries of spherical or slightly oval shape.
The soil likes fertile, medium moisture. Drought tolerant, frost tolerant. It grows slowly, berries appear at 10-15 years of age.
Shovel cuttings are made from wood and percussion instruments, household items. Suitable as a base for dwarf apple trees and pears.
* Prickly- strong thorns up to 2.5 centimeters long make trees 3.5-8 meters high a valuable species for green hedges. Widely distributed throughout the country, easy to cut and shape.
In May-June, it is covered with rare corymbs of white or pinkish inflorescences. Red, yellow or whitish berries of spherical or oblong shape contain 2-3 seeds inside and ripen in August.
White with a red tint, wood lends itself well to polishing and is used in engraving, not inferior in quality to boxwood wood.
Soils prefer clay, heavy. Well strengthens the slopes of the rivers, preventing landslides.
* Doubtful- its berries are tasty, but cause poisoning if you eat a lot of them. How to bypass it?
Firstly, it grows only along the middle reaches of the Volga and Don, so residents of other regions can not be afraid of meeting with it.
Secondly, his shoots are prickly and not everyone wants to mess with him. Its berries are purple-black with bright points of almost spherical shape.
Russian nature is known for its beauty and magnificent medicinal plants, each of which was collected in right time and prepared in certain ways. Some plants can be called a miracle of nature, as they are a real pantry of useful substances that can heal and maintain human health. The list of the most such plants includes hawthorn. Valuable medicinal properties The plants have been used by herbalists since ancient times. Let's reveal the secrets of hawthorn.
Hawthorn is a plant from the Rosaceae family. It is a small tree or bush. In the people, this plant is called a boyarka or a lady-tree. Hawthorn fruits can be eaten. You can meet hawthorn throughout Russia. This plant has more than 50 species. The leaves are pointed bright green. The plant blooms in May-June. Small white flowers form lush inflorescences and emit a pleasant aroma.
The berries ripen in August. They are distinguished by a bright scarlet color and a sour-sweet slightly tart taste. Picking berries is not easy: there are many sharp thorns on the branches.
The value of hawthorn is determined by its composition, rich in various useful elements:
It is important that valuable substances are contained in the whole plant, including fruits, leaves, flowers and even the bark of the plant. Back in the old days, when people knew nothing about chemical composition, they actively used hawthorn in medicine, healing a number of diseases with its help.
A handful of plant fruits (100g) are able to provide the body with:
At the same time, the calorie content of the product is only 52 kcal.
The unique healing properties of hawthorn were especially valuable during the years of the Great Patriotic War when the lack of some medicines was compensated by decoctions of hawthorn.
For amazing healing properties, ancient people often endowed hawthorn with magical signs. Modern man believes in the science that recommends hawthorn for healing and healing.
Useful substances of hawthorn have a strong effect on most organs and systems.
HAWTHORN(lat. Crataegus). Latin name comes from the Greek "cratas" - strong, strong. Indeed, hawthorn has hard wood, it is resistant to adverse conditions and lives up to 300 years.
Most European countries this plant is called "thorn". The Russian name reflected the beauty of this tree, connecting it with consonant words - "boyar", "hawthorn", presumably because of the beautiful and bright appearance. Hawthorn berries are the same purple-red color as the clothes of the boyars (it was hallmark belonging to this class).
Popular names: mistress tree, hawthorn, boyarka, May bush, virginity tree, heart berry, glod, wild thorn, cock spur, hawk claws, bread box (dried berry flour was added to bread dough with a fruity flavor), etc.
Symbol of virginity, chastity, family and happy marriage. In Turkey flowering branch hawthorn is considered an erotic symbol, as its aroma resembles that of a woman.
Origin of hawthorn old legends are explained differently. The lady was once famous in Russia for her good deeds - she helped everyone as best she could. To whom treatment, to whom advice. The lady grew old, but she really did not want to die, she always dreamed of helping people, and they loved her too. We went to the witch with a bow, and she turned the old woman into a beautiful bush. They named it in honor of the good lady - hawthorn.
Another legend tells about the origin of hawthorn thorns. Once a little warbler hurried to her nest to feed the chicks, but suddenly an ominous shadow of a hawk hung over her. The warbler got scared, darted from side to side and took cover in the thickets of the nearest bush. A feathered predator fell like a stone nearby to grab her. But at the request of the warbler, the bush instantly became covered with sharp thorns, and the hawk flew away, frightened by the thorns. Therefore, warblers, linnets and other small birds often make their nests in hawthorn thickets.
There is an old legend about the origin of the words "hawberry", "young lady". A beauty lived in the village. Her white face is bathed in the dawn, and her severe eyes are brighter than the green of an unripe hawthorn. And she valued fidelity, purity and reciprocity above all else. The villagers often met her in a hawthorn wreath: in spring - with white flowers, and in autumn - with red berries.
Unfortunately, the grandson of Genghis Khan, the future Batu Khan, once saw a beauty. And he liked her so much that he decided to win her heart. But in vain he lured her into a rich yurt, offered various treasures - the girl still refused, because she loved another. And then Batu thievishly tracked down the girl, overtook, and already wanted to take possession of her, but she pressed her back against the hawthorn, pulled out a dagger and said: “If you touch me, I’d rather kill myself, but I’ll never be yours!” And when even these words did not stop Batu, she stabbed herself in the chest with a dagger and fell on a hawthorn bush.
No one remembers the name of the young Russian woman, but since then, in her honor, young girls in Russia have been called hawks, young ladies.
In an interesting old Russian legend, hawthorn is associated with the name of Prince Oleg. In the manuscript of the Byzantine court chronicler, the campaign of the Russians is described. Their relatively small army, led by Prince Oleg, laid siege to the capital Byzantine Empire and, thanks to valor and military cunning, they forced the Byzantines to admit defeat and pay compensation. The emperor sent ambassadors to Oleg's camp with gifts and plentiful treats. But, following the famous principle of Byzantine diplomacy - "If victory is not obtained in battle, it can be taken away at the table" and food and wine were poisoned. For several days, while the negotiations were going on, the Russians did not touch the overseas treats.
The emperor decided that the time had come to deliver a sudden blow to, as he believed, the Russian soldiers exhausted from hunger. Imagine his amazement when, instead of a report about the defeat of the enemy, a report came about another victory for the Rus. This time, Oleg demanded higher compensation, moreover, from the hands of Caesar himself. The emperor fulfilled all the conditions of Oleg, who this time did not sit down at the table, refused food. And Caesar exclaimed: “What is the strength of your soldiers, prince, what kind of magic?” Oleg grinned and handed the king a bunch of large scarlet berries. The emperor picked up a branch and immediately dropped it, pricking himself on sharp thorns. “Hawthorn is our strength,” Oleg laughed. “Fear, Caesar, not what you see, but what is hidden from your eyes.”
The attitude to the hawthorn among the people was twofold. On the one hand, according to ancient beliefs, hawthorn (like elder) is a cursed tree - a witch turned into it. It was argued that it cannot be sawn or broken, otherwise such a person will face trouble, illness, death of relatives or loss of livestock, poverty. For a long time, it was considered a symbol of misfortune and death, also because, according to legend, the crown of thorns of Christ was woven from hawthorn branches.
On the other hand, since ancient times, there was a belief that thanks to prickly thorns, he was able to protect a person from evil spirits, was a powerful amulet. For example, they believed that lightning would never hit a hawthorn tree, because even while traveling with a baby in Egypt, the Virgin Mary fell asleep under its crown.
All kinds of talismans were made from hawthorn. Assembled in Palm Sunday or on Ascension, hawthorn was kept in the house as protection against lightning. many Slavic peoples it was customary to plant hawthorn around the estate. They believed that such a prickly barrier would protect against the penetration of evil, and help innocent girls to maintain chastity until marriage; preserve the strength and honor of the family, marriage bonds, save a woman from the lust of men. Hawthorn branches on the windows and doors of the house were driven away from him evil spirit, they were placed on the threshold of the cattle pen in order to prevent witches from entering there. The Buryats, in order to drive away evil spirits that cause illnesses, waved them over the cradles of sick children.
Good afternoon, dear readers!
Do you know a plant called "boyarka"? I think not many people have heard of him, but he really looks magnificent in a boyar way. Another name for this plant is hawthorn. Is it so familiar?
Surely many of you have grown hedges from it on your garden plots. The berries of the plant have unique qualities and are able to cure many diseases. What is useful boyarka medicinal properties contraindications which we will consider today.
The hawthorn is a bush with thorns, which can reach a height of 4 meters. AT good conditions it grows into a spreading tree with strong wood. The fruits of the plant are small berries, almost tasteless. But the benefits from them are invaluable!
The unique properties of small berries are due to the composition of the plant:
Berries are rich in vitamins A, B, C and trace elements: calcium, potassium, cobalt, magnesium. Surprisingly, dear readers, but even a small amount of berry infusion will contain these elements in sufficient quantities for the human body.
What useful properties of the boyarka does a person appreciate?
If you get sick, you should lean on the hawthorn, as it is extremely rich in vitamin C. The boyar berry also has a beneficial effect on tooth enamel.
But you can't abuse it. Hawthorn also has contraindications. It is not recommended to eat more than a glass of fruit per day. Abuse of the berry leads to stomach problems and causes drowsiness, so eat it in large quantities hypotension, pregnant and lactating women are not allowed. The harm from the boyars, of course, is not too great, but excesses have never been useful.
In order for the berry to bring maximum benefit, you need to cook it correctly.
To prepare healing decoctions and remedies from hawthorn, you need to properly prepare it. It is best to dry the fruits in the shade: this way they will be stored for several years and will not lose their useful qualities.
Lovers of sweets can make jelly, marmalade: this is how they do it in Europe. Roasted fruits are used to make delicious cider. Ground dried berries are great for making tea.
In general, finding a use for hawthorn is not a problem. Consider a few healing recipes because they are the most valuable.
For cooking, you will need 1 tablespoon of berries and 1 cup of boiling water. Pour the fruits with boiling water and insist for 2 hours. Then strain and drink 1-2 tablespoons several times a day. This recipe is good for dizziness, suffocation.
Take 1 part hawthorn, adonis, motherwort, birch leaves, horsetail. The prepared mixture in the amount of 2 tablespoons pour half a liter of boiling water. Take half a glass three times a day. It helps well with hypertension of stages 1 and 2, symptomatic manifestation of the disease, complications of the cardiac system.
For this purpose, the flowers of the plant are better suited, although they can be successfully mixed with berries. Pour 1 tablespoon of raw materials with a glass of boiling water and leave for 20 minutes. Drink half a glass three times a day.
Hawthorn makes excellent lozenges, jam, homemade sweets. They are good for diabetics if they are prepared with fructose or with a sugar substitute.
AT medicinal purposes tincture of hawthorn is also used. It can be prepared with alcohol or vodka. The recipe is very simple and does not require much effort:
Store this remedy for 4 years. The above recipe is suitable for dried fruits. If fresh berries are taken for cooking, it is better to fill them with 70% alcohol. In extreme cases, you can pour a glass of alcohol into the jar, and take the rest of the space with vodka.
Take the tincture according to the following scheme: 20 drops three times a day before meals.
Dear readers, it should be noted that hawthorn tincture is a very strong remedy, and an overdose can be hazardous to health. Hawthorn lowers blood pressure, so hypotensive patients should be especially careful.
Indications for the use of tincture are:
The tincture also has contraindications for use:
During the reception period, drivers should limit the use vehicles. It is not recommended to drink tincture together with cardiac drugs and especially antiarrhythmic drugs. Neglect of these recommendations can lead to negative consequences for the cardiac system.
Boyarka is a berry useful for humans, but it must be used skillfully. It is best to prepare weak decoctions that will gently regulate internal processes in the body.
See you soon, dear friends!
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