How to plant garlic before winter: tips from experienced gardeners.
Good afternoon dear guests and readers of the blog!
I think everyone knows how difficult it is without this vegetable crop indispensable in the kitchen, because it gives the dishes a refined, spicy taste and refined aroma. Oh oh useful properties heard, for sure everyone, even children. Therefore, it is simply a must have in every home!
Many will say that garlic can be bought in the supermarket, beautiful and neat, and you should not even bother. But we do not know where and under what conditions it was grown, what fertilizers it was fed. And for lovers of agriculture, it is a sacred thing to cultivate everything with your own hands. Therefore, I suggest growing your own large, juicy and tasty vegetable.
When planting, it is extremely important to follow the biological processes of the surrounding nature. Therefore, I propose to focus on these very processes, favorable dates according to the lunar calendar and, of course, take into account the climatic conditions of your region. And also follow the rules of tillage, planting and care. Then you will have a huge harvest, which the neighbors will envy (just kidding) - they will be delighted!
Today we will plant winter crop teeth and in the summer we will collect gifts. This variety is planted before winter (autumn), it will take root perfectly and grow all winter, without requiring much labor. Now is just the time to land, so I suggest reading all the recommendations and tips that are collected in the article and feel free to get down to business ...
And remember, the main rule is to love the land, and then you will collect incredible crops!
When to plant winter garlic before winter 2018 in order to harvest a good harvest?
The climatic conditions of a particular region directly affect the timing of planting garlic in the winter. and define accordingly the exact date landing is not realistic. But it is quite possible to choose a period of time that will favorably affect the work.
Every gardener, I'm sure, knows that in order for a vegetable to successfully winter, it is necessary that the seed is sufficiently rooted. Gathered nutrients and in no case germinated to frost.
To strengthen the garlic cloves, 2-3 weeks are enough.
From the above, one can following output- you need to plant piquant cloves 15-20 days before frost (2-3 weeks). And the air temperature should be stable and not higher than + 13- + 15 ° С. Optimum temperature+10 - +12°С.
Check the weather report in advance so that there is no warming, otherwise the plant will germinate before winter and die from frost.
If you look at the lunar sowing calendar for October 2018, then auspicious days for sowing - 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 25, 26, 29, 30 October.
And the southern regions plant this crop in November and December, favorable numbers for planting:
- November — 5,6,7,14
- December — 5,8,11,14
But it should be noted and unfavorable days in October, on which it is not advised to work with plants:
If you plant on these "bad" days, then you should not expect a good harvest. The plant may not germinate well, turn yellow, get sick, or even rot.
How to plant a plant in the fall in the open field so that the garlic grows large
With auspicious dates we figured out the planting, now I propose to consider how to properly plant a plant in order to collect good harvest. In fact, everything is very simple, garlic, in itself, is not a whimsical culture. But there are a number of rules that must be followed when growing. I propose to consider everything in order from soil preparation to harvest.
After which crops to plant winter garlic in autumn
Absolutely every crop that is grown on our site absorbs useful and nutritious substances. Accordingly, after a while the soil is depleted. In this regard, it is recommended that before planting a new crop, plant a plant that will restore the fertility of the land. This agricultural technique is called fruit change, it prevents the complete depletion of soil reserves.
Our hero has a short root system and when grown, it significantly depletes upper layer soil. Therefore, before this, it is best to plant plants with a long root system that will feed from the deep layers of the earth.
Most best predecessors- These are cereals (in addition to barley and oats), as these are super green manure crops that improve the quality of the soil. The culture will also grow well after clover and alfalfa (forage grasses), zucchini and squash.
But there are also such plants after which it is impossible to plant: carrots, beets, potatoes, onions.
I know that many are still faced with the question - is it possible to plant garlic after garlic? It is possible, but not recommended! After all, if you grow on the same site, then pests and pathogens will remain. Therefore, if the territory allows you, then grow in different places.
Follow crop rotation and planting rules, then you will definitely have an excellent harvest!
Soil preparation before planting, how to fertilize the land?
It is necessary to prepare the land for planting in advance, at least two weeks in advance, and preferably a month in advance. You need to choose a sunny place in which water does not stagnate and then the plant will receive enough light and will not die from excess moisture.
Try to plant from north to south, this is the most optimal location.
Our the protagonist prefers soft, loose soil filled with nutrients. So that the soil perfectly passes air and water and has a neutral acidity. Therefore, immediately you need to clear the area from debris and weeds. Then dig deep (18-20 cm) and fertilize:
Then the dug up area is leveled and compacted a little.
Do not plant in too dense, acidic or clay soil. However clay soil can be made loose by adding sand or peat.
Preparing beds for planting garlic in the fall
We have already found out above that garlic will not grow in those places where water stagnates at the roots. Therefore, you need to choose a landing site where water from the rains will not accumulate. If a special choice no, then it’s worth equipping the garden bed with edging made of slate, brick, boards or plastic.
The height of such a structure should not exceed 20 cm.
A high bed will not let the rain wash away the soil and it will be good and quickly warmed up by the spring sun
It is possible to make such a klaptik of the earth in an embankment without "sides", but with a fence it is still more effective.
When the bed is prepared, we “forget” for it until the very landing. The soil during this time is fairly compacted, which is what we need.
How to process cloves before planting
Before planting, the head is disassembled into cloves, only large, whole, dry and not spoiled cloves are selected.
I want to emphasize once again that the head is disassembled just before planting, right in the garden, and not a week or a month earlier.
Before planting this vegetable with a piquant taste, it must be disinfected. There are several processing options:
- Immerse overnight in a weak solution of potassium permanganate,
- Soak the cloves overnight in a 1% solution blue vitriol in the proportion of 1 teaspoon per 1 bucket of water,
- Dilute the solution with 3 tbsp. spoons kitchen salt for 1/2 teaspoon of water, dip the garlic for 2 minutes, then immediately dip it for 1 minute in a solution of copper sulfate (see the proportions in paragraph No. 2). After all these manipulations, rinse the teeth in clean water and plant in the ground.
Before planting, the cloves must be dried from moisture.
It is up to you to decide which option to choose, but I strongly recommend that you disinfect the planting material.
Scheme of planting garlic in open ground: at what depth and at what distance to plant
The scheme for planting a winter vegetable is approximately as follows: grooves are made along at a distance of 25 cm - 35 cm from each other, the depth of which is 6-8 cm (still very important role plays the size of the clove, it is necessary that there is a distance of 4-5 cm from the surface of the soil to the clove). And the teeth sprouted at a distance of about 8-10 cm from each other (the length of the palm). Make the holes convenient for you with inventory, it can be pegs, a hoe, a garden shovel).
Take care and sprinkle into each hole not a large number of wood ash is the most the best fertilizer for garlic for the whole winter.
When the planting material has been prepared, you need to carefully place the cloves on the bottom of the hole and sprinkle with earth. Do not press the tooth, as it may be damaged.
When to Water
It is not worth watering in the fall, because it is already a rainy time. And the plant cannot grow rapidly so that frosts do not hit.
If possible, mulch the bed with a layer of sawdust or dried grass, the mulch will save crops from hard frosts by keeping moisture in the ground.
Processing and feeding garlic in the spring
Spring dressing - milestone when growing, which is difficult to overestimate. BUT correct application fertilizers - will increase the yield several times!
Without top dressing, this fragrant crop can turn yellow or become lethargic.
Wood ash for garlic is a source of nutrition, a prophylactic against diseases.
And one more important point if you planted a variety that forms an arrow, then it will then need to be cut off. Otherwise, the plant will grow small, and the yield will decrease by about a third. And if you leave these air arrows until ripe, then you get a great seed.
Shoots should not be thrown away, they can be used to make a delicious snack!
When to harvest (dig up) garlic planted in winter
This culture ripens in about 110 days from the date of germination, but still for the ripening period huge role play the weather.
The main signs by which you can determine that the garlic is ripe:
- No new stems appear
- Existing leaves turn yellow,
- Arrows straighten, and the seed box becomes purple,
- The neck becomes dry
You need to dig in clear sunny weather, in the morning or in the evening, so that the sun does not burn the heads. You can not pull out the bulbs, otherwise you will damage them. Dig with a shovel or pitchfork.
Some gardeners not only plant this vigorous vegetable according to the lunar calendar, but also dig it up.
in 2019 fee winter garlic on the moon falls from July 18-31 and August from 16-29. However, you need to look for visual signs of maturity, and the phases of the moon in our case are just hints, not a clear recommendation.
It is also very important to dry the vegetable well after removing it from the ground. If the weather is sunny, everything will take about two days. You can dry it right in the garden, just cover it with a film from dew at night or bring it into the room.
How to plant garlic from bulbils in the fall?
I think it's no secret to anyone that the seed needs to be updated periodically so that vegetable diseases do not accumulate. Planting bulbs is a wonderful way to get a healthy harvest.
However, there is one feature this method cultivation, the harvest will be only in the second year, and not the next. Because in the first year a clove will grow from a bulb, and in the second year a full-fledged head will grow from a clove.
I suggest watching a more detailed planting process in the video, where the author tells in detail how and what needs to be done in order to grow large garlic from bulbs
Planting winter garlic in different regions of Russia (Moscow region, Ural, Siberia)
Each region of Russia has its own landing dates, the climate is to blame. Let's go through the "correct" dates...
The best time according to the lunar calendar for planting garlic for residents Moscow region October 25-30. But most gardeners are planted on October 14, the time before the Day of the Intercession. There is an opinion that a decent crop will grow if planted on that day.
The best varieties for this region: Messidor, Kharkovsky, Spas, Yubileiny 07, Yubileiny Gribovsky.
For Southern Urals favorable days - October 16, 20, 21, 22, 23, and residents Northern Urals should focus on October 26,27,28,29,30.
I will also give a list of numbers when you should not plant this crop on October 8, 9, 10, 23, 24 and 25.
Inhabitants Siberia already sown and waiting for a rich harvest! For this region, the best dates were September 23-30 (second mid-September).
How to store winter garlic for the winter at home
Winter garlic is rather difficult to store until spring, with an approximate shelf life of 4-6 months. Therefore, they try to keep it by all known methods for as long as possible. Below is a list, read carefully and choose the one that suits you:
- Dried heads are braided and stored in a cool dry place,
- Storage in nylon tights, cardboard boxes or grids
- Cold storage
- Sprinkling with salt, flour or onion skins
Optimal conditions: temperature: +2 - +3 C (when stored in a refrigerator); +15 - +20 C (storage in the pantry or in the kitchen). Humidity: 70 to 80%.
But in no case should you keep this vegetable near heating appliances otherwise the heads will quickly lose moisture and dry out.
Here is an informative article! I hope it will come in handy for you, you will use the recommendations and grow a rich harvest of this vegetable crop.
Where and how to plant garlic before winter? The first part of the question concerns, first of all, the climatic conditions for planting garlic. The second - agrotechnical methods of working with winter garlic. After all, winter crops can successfully produce a crop only if the winter is mild enough and not very long. Where winter lasts 6 months during which they stand severe frosts, and even with the winds, they usually don’t think about winter crops.
Winter garlic and its distinctive features
Planting garlic in the winter may seem like a simple matter, not intricate. All the differences are to plant the bulbs not in the spring, but in the fall. However, not all so simple. If you do this with any variety that you usually plant in the spring, then you will be disappointed and a sad picture of dead and completely frozen bulbs.
The differences between winter garlic are as follows.
- Garlic planted in the fall has several large cloves arranged in one row. Their number varies greatly. The range of such variability is from 5 to 10 cloves. Spring garlic has an average of 25 small cloves arranged in several rows.
- All teeth are located around a rigid rod. Spring varieties do not have such a stem.
- The shell of each clove is not grayish-white, as is observed in spring varieties, but pinkish-purple.
- There are also taste differences. Spring garlic has a much milder taste than winter garlic.
There is another difference between these varietal groups. Winter garlic is poorly stored until spring. Perhaps for the reason that its genetic program contains the information of wintering in the soil at low temperatures.
Such garlic is harvested in the summer, eaten for several months or used in canning vegetables. If the gardener carries out a cycle of growing spring and winter garlic, then the need to store the winter form of this vegetable disappears by itself. On the winter storage spring garlic is sent, and winter garlic is planted in the fall. Such a cycle will allow the owners suburban acres all year round be with your garlic, and the presence of winter varieties will still allow you to get very early fragrant leaves of this bulbous plant.
Winter garlic - planting material
Garlic planted before winter withstands twenty-degree frosts. Its shoots appear in early spring, allowing you to get the first greens even before the appearance of onions and other edible grass.
It is the cultivation of winter garlic that makes it possible to supply large garlic arrows. They are a special food product. In addition, these arrows are often not so much harvested as a crop, but are eliminated as part of the plant that reduces the yield of the bulbs themselves. Arrows are left only on the largest bulbs to obtain seed.
Young arrows first curl into a spiral. As they grow, they straighten. At this point, garlic peduncles are harvested. Plants are dug up, tied into bunches and stored in a dry, dark and cool place for about a month.
After this period, the bulbs are separated, that is, the air bulbs, which are the seed. The main thing in this case is not to miss the time, since the air bulbs can spill out onto the ground, as a result of which the process of uncontrolled self-seeding can begin.
When to plant garlic for the winter? Those cloves that separate from the bulb are planted in the fall, and air bulbs are usually planted in the spring, as they can freeze in winter.
Receipt planting material using air bulbs is considered very effective, since one bulb contains several cloves, while one arrow carries up to 100 bulbs.
In addition, each air bulb can produce a specific bulb, which consists of one round large clove. Such a bulb is called a single-tooth. This strange bulb can be used for food, or you can plant it in the ground again and grow a large head of garlic weighing more than 100 grams.
When to plant winter garlic
When to plant garlic before winter? Landing work carried out in the fall, about a month before the onset of frost. Depending on the characteristics of the region, winter garlic should be planted from late September to mid-October. It is necessary to calculate the planting time so that the garlic would have time to grow roots, but at the same time would not have time to release green leaves in the autumn cold.
If you have to grow winter garlic in conditions of severe frosts and a long winter, the beds must be covered plastic wrap, roofing felt and other material. This shelter must be removed very early, as soon as the snow melts.
Winter garlic starts active growth after the soil warms up to a stable temperature of about +8 degrees. A sign that the garlic is fully ripe are straight arrows and yellow leaves. This is the time to harvest. An earlier collection is fraught with poor division of the bulbs into cloves. If you start harvesting too late, the bulbs will begin to disintegrate into cloves right in the ground.
Preparing for landing
It is necessary to plant garlic in autumn on soils with good lighting and large quantity organics. All bulbous plants, and garlic in particular, can quickly deplete the soil. For this reason, periodically you need to change the placement of the beds. If for some reason this is not possible, then the problem will have to be solved by regular feeding.
Future garlic beds need to be prepared in advance. After all, the soil should not only be well fertilized, it should settle and compact before planting. This will make it easier for the bulbs to endure the winter.
In preparation for digging, you need to make plenty of compost or humus. At acidic soil you can add ash.
If you plan to use a bed for winter garlic for a long time, then manure or humus can be buried in a separate layer to a depth of about 20 cm. To do this, you need to dig several trenches 30 cm deep, put a layer of manure (you can even fresh), close it top with a layer of dry organics (sawdust, dry leaves, peat, etc.), scatter over organics a small amount of mineral fertilizers. After that, the trenches can be covered from above with ordinary soil. This entire layer, located deeper than the roots of the garlic, will slowly decompose, providing the plants with nutrients for several years.
If you have carried out such a thorough preparation of the beds, then top dressing should be carried out only in the first year. In the following years, 3 plants will not need additional nutrition.
Garlic can be planted after cabbage, zucchini, cucumbers, pumpkins. Despite the fact that this plant has a large supply of phytoncides, it cannot fully protect itself from pests. For this reason, this vegetable cannot be planted in areas where potatoes have been grown for a long time. Otherwise, infection with fusarium and nematode will occur.
In addition, it is not advisable to plant garlic before winter at the place of growth of any root crops, such as carrots or beets. The fact is that these crops are harvested, as a rule, before the first frost. So the gardener simply may not have time for good training soil for planting a new crop. In addition, all root crops manage to take a lot of minerals from the soil during the season. So garlic after root crops can turn out weak and small.
Many gardeners believe that it is impossible to plant garlic in the same place for two consecutive seasons. Yes, indeed, this culture is able to actively exploit the soil. However, if you made a sufficient amount of organic matter on the eve of planting, then you can plant garlic on the same bed without damage to the crop for at least 3 years.
Planting winter garlic
How to plant garlic before winter? First of all, you need to prepare the seed well. It must be thoroughly dried and warmed up in the sun. After that, the bulb must be divided into cloves, without peeling off the scaly cover from them.
The best is selected for planting, so large, healthy, undamaged bulbs and cloves should be selected. If you are not sure about the safety of the future growth environment of the bulbs, then you can disinfect the planting material in a solution of copper sulphate or potassium permanganate. The concentration of the solutions must be weak, otherwise you can create a chemical burn.
The optimal landing pattern looks like in the following way:
- between rows the distance should not be less than 25 centimeters;
- in each row, the distance between specimens should be about 15 centimeters;
- too wide a bed needs to be divided by “clearings”, that is, an increased distance between honey in two rows;
- planting depth of cloves - 5-7 centimeters.
Since garlic does not like shading, it must be carefully weeded. Moreover, about two weeks before harvesting, the ground around the bulbs needs to be raked so that their upper part can be illuminated by the sun. So the bulbs will ripen faster and concentrate more useful substances.
In the spring, winter garlic is also planted, only bulbs, not cloves, are used as planting material. They are planted mainly in April.
Winter crops have a number of significant advantages. In a short autumn period, they manage to grow the root system, so in spring the shoots grow much faster than during spring planting. This quick start allows the plant to form a strong stem and extensive root in a short time. It is these advantages that make it possible to significantly increase the yield of winter crops compared to spring crops.
To date, there are two varieties of garlic: spring and winter. Between themselves, the two subspecies differ in terms of planting, as well as in agricultural cultivation techniques. Our article will tell you how to plant garlic before winter to get excellent harvest next year.
Home hallmark winter varieties of garlic is that their planting, unlike spring varieties, occurs in the fall. However, in order for the planting of garlic before winter to bring the desired effect, it is necessary to know the timing of planting planting material.
Usually planting garlic in the fall is carried out approximately 35-45 days before the onset of frost. If you do not have time to invest in the allotted time, then the root system will not have time to develop. By the beginning of frost, it should grow by 10-12 cm.
It is possible to plant planting material of winter varieties starting from September 20. At the same time, planting winter garlic lasts until mid-October. Experts recommend waiting for the moment when the earth will seize with an ice crust at night, and thaw during the day. Therefore, in order to more accurately determine the landing time, you should check the weather forecast. You can also use moon calendar, determining on it the most favorable days for carrying out this manipulation.
It is important to know when to plant winter garlic, as too early planting will cause the planting material to germinate. If the gardener was late and did not plant the cloves on time, then the planting material will not have time to take root and will freeze.
Many novice gardeners often wonder "is it possible to plant winter garlic in the spring." Yes, you can. But only on condition that not cloves, but bulbs will be used as planting material. They are sown in April. To plant shooting winter garlic in the spring, you need to prepare planting material in advance.
As you can see, for the future harvest it is very important that the planting material is planted at the right time.
After which crop is it better to plant
Compliance with crop rotation is a very important point that has direct influence on the quality and quantity of the harvest obtained at the end of the season. Indeed, after some crops, garlic grows very poorly, forming defective heads. Therefore, planting garlic for the winter should be carried out in the place where the optimal predecessors had previously grown.
Best of all, this variety grows when it is planted in the place of growth of annual vegetables that have a short growing season (for example, zucchini, pumpkin, peppers, cucumbers, eggplants). Also, cloves can be planted after berry bushes and grain crops.
You can not plant garlic in the fall after root crops. This is because they have more late dates harvesting and in the process of their growth greatly deplete the soil, which by the next season does not have time to recover sufficiently.
Soil selection
To plant garlic before winter, you need not only to determine the timing of this procedure, but also to choose a landing site. After all, garlic is a capricious culture that loves fertile light soils.
The site selected for the cultivation of this crop must meet the following requirements:
- be well fertilized. The soil should be nutritious, light and accessible for penetration into its layers of air;
- an elevated place where the situation of stagnant meltwater is excluded. If moisture stagnation occurs on the site, then the risk of rotting of plant roots increases significantly. This will lead to the appearance of diseases and pests. In this case, you need to do high beds. But such a situation should still be avoided;
- lighting beds for almost the entire day.
In order to choose the site that is optimal in terms of its characteristics in the spring, when the snow melts, you need to carefully monitor the garden and identify all the places where moisture accumulates. They definitely cannot be planted with cloves. In autumn, the chosen place should be covered with snow early to prevent freezing of planting material. As a result of observations, preference should be given to areas where:
- snow lies long enough;
- people and animals do not walk;
- ice crust is formed.
Choosing a landing site winter garlic, it is necessary to take into account the fact that during winters with little snow, planting material may freeze. This usually happens when there is no snow in the garden during severe frosts.
To prevent the development of such a negative scenario, you need to know how to plant garlic in the fall.
A good place would be a site located near the fence. At the same time, it is desirable that it be located on the north side. In this case, the shadow from the fence will allow the ice crust to remain on the surface of the earth as long as possible. At the same time, the fence will protect the beds from blowing snow.
Once the site for planting the winter garlic variety has been determined, it must be properly prepared. Without preparation, it is very difficult to get a really good harvest.
The preparation of the beds is that the site should be well dug up and fertilized. An excellent fertilizer for this crop will be humus. You can also use complex top dressing. Fertilizers can also be applied before the direct planting of planting material. In this case, superphosphate (30 g), potassium salt (20 g) and humus (5-6 kg) should be used. In addition, the entire area, after fertilizing it, is recommended to be poured with a solution of copper sulfate.
The calculation of the amount of fertilizer applied is based on how fertile the selected area was. With a strong depletion of the land, one bucket of humus should go per 1 sq.m of the plot. by the most the best choice for garlic of this variety there will be sandy and non-acidic soils.
Preparation of the site for landing should be done in early September. After finishing preparatory procedures the beds are covered with a film on top, which is removed before direct planting.
Landing and care rules
After we figured out when to plant garlic and in what area, you need to figure out the rules for the planting itself. It is worth noting that planting winter garlic in the spring differs from the autumn procedure in a different type of planting material, as well as technology. Garlic, planted in the spring, grows from bulbs, not cloves. When planting in the spring, weather conditions must be taken into account.
In the spring, furrows are formed for the planting material to be planted. The bulbs sit to a depth of no more than 3 cm. A distance of 2 cm is maintained between them. A free space of 10 cm remains between adjacent furrows.
To understand how to plant various varieties garlic in the winter, you need to know the following rules:
- planting material is planted in furrows, which have a depth of about 15-20 cm;
- a distance of 20-25 cm is maintained between the cloves. Although there is information that there should be a distance of 12-15 cm between large specimens, and 8-10 cm between small ones;
- coarse-grained sand is poured at the bottom of the furrow. Its layer should be 1.5-3 cm. A layer of sand will protect the planting material from decay.
In such prepared grooves we plant winter garlic in the fall. At the same time, we plant garlic in such a way that the bottom is from below. This will allow the root system to quickly begin to form. After the cloves have been properly placed in the furrow, they are covered with soil. Now you know how to properly plant garlic. However, in order to grow a decent crop, you need not only proper fit but also appropriate care.
After the planting has been completed, the ground is mulched. On top of the beds spreads a layer of dry peat. It can be mixed with sawdust and earth. To protect against cold weather, roofing material can be placed on top. Garlic leaves for the winter in this form. After that, care for the beds will be carried out in the spring.
It includes the following steps:
- removal of roofing material and cleansing the soil from mulch;
- arrows, which will appear at the end of June, must be broken off. They should not grow above 10 cm. Otherwise, the head will turn out to be small;
- when the first shoots appear, nitrogen fertilizers (mullein, urea, bird droppings) are applied to the soil;
- the second top dressing is carried out in June / July. Ash is used here;
- abundant watering should fall on the stage active growth plants and head formation;
- after each watering, loosening of the earth and weeding are carried out;
As you can see, planting and caring for winter garlic is simple. Therefore, it is grown in many regions of our country.
Popular varieties of winter garlic
On the this moment There are a large number of varieties of winter garlic. Therefore, it is often difficult for gardeners to determine which variety should be planted on own site. Consider the most popular varieties of garlic that are planted for the winter.
Komsomolets
This is mid-season variety, which forms the arrows. Its growing season is about 120 days. But in the southern regions, it is reduced to 100 days.
The main advantages of the variety are:
- frost resistance;
- sharp good taste;
- simple care;
- unpretentiousness;
- good immunity.
Komsomolets forms a large head, which has a flat-round shape. At proper care up to 1.2–1.4 kg of crop can be harvested from 1 sq.m.
Petrovsky
Shooting mid-season variety, which has a universal purpose. Planting garlic is carried out in the fall. The plant is formed by heads that have a flattened shape. The head is covered with off-white scales on top, which are pierced by longitudinal purple stripes. On average, one head weighs about 75 grams. It has 8 teeth. They have a sharp taste and brown color.
Among the advantages of this variety, it is worth highlighting the following points:
- stable fruiting;
- universal purpose of garlic;
- high quality crop;
- good taste;
- excellent immunity.
Petrovsky today is actively grown on the territory of Russia, Moldova, Ukraine.
Gribovskiy 60
Another excellent variety of winter garlic is Gribovsky 60. It is planted for the winter. The variety forms an arrow. The first shoots appear in early spring. Planting well tolerate even severe frosts. The taste is spicy. One head contains approximately 11 cloves.
From this video you will learn how to plant garlic before winter.
For this culture correct timing landings are very important. If garlic is planted too early in the fall before winter, it will germinate, and if it is done too late, it will not have time to take root before frost. Late planting can lead not only to a significant loss of yield. You may not get it at all.
The best varieties of winter garlic
Varieties of winter garlic differ in many ways: the size of the heads, ripening time, sharpness, storage capacity. But they are all divided into 2 main groups: shooters and non-shooters. The first form an arrow on which air bulbs grow - babies. If you sow them, you can get single teeth - an excellent material for autumn planting. The second group of varieties does not have such an arrow.
Arrow varieties
Alekseevsky.
A variety that gives a very large head - its weight is about 180 g, some champions grow up to 240 g. There are 5 teeth in the head. The plant is powerful, together with the arrow it can reach a height of 1.5 m. It is well stored and has a rich spicy taste. The color of the covering scales is grey. The variety is resistant to Fusarium.
Gulliver.
big head, average weight 120 g, record - 250. Zubkov in the head up to 12 pcs. The covering scales are gray, the taste is sharp. This variety of garlic is suitable for spring planting. Medium late variety.
Belorussian.
The weight of the heads is up to 80 g. The number of teeth in it is up to 8. The scales are white with purple tint. The taste is spicy. Early maturing variety.
Lyubasha.
The head is large, weighing up to 120 g, covered with light scales with purple veins. The taste is spicy, the number of teeth is up to 7. The ripening period is medium.
Nazus.
Variety for regions with frosty winters. The head has an average weight of 65 g, it has up to 6 teeth, the scales are reddish-white, the taste is slightly spicy. Mid-season variety.
Non-shooting varieties
Novosibirsk.
The average weight of the head is 22 g, it is made with 6 teeth. The covering scales are pale pink, the taste is semi-sharp. The variety is mid-season.
Podmoskovny.
A variety with a sharp taste. Head weighing up to 60 g, consists of 7 teeth. Covering scales are gray with purple stripes. The ripening period is mid-season.
Then plant garlic before winter?
Potatoes and all types of onions are poor precursors for garlic, as they have the same diseases with it, the pathogens of which can accumulate in the soil. Root crops and various nightshade crops are not suitable as predecessors.
Garlic works best after cucumbers and other representatives of pumpkin, cabbage (especially early white cabbage), legumes, and various cereals.
Landing dates
They depend on the region of cultivation. It will help you figure out when to plant garlic before winter, next rule: Rooting garlic takes from three weeks to a month. It falls on a frost-free period, and, therefore, garlic should be planted 20-30 days before the onset of frost.
Early autumn frosts do not count. If the teeth are planted earlier, they will not only take root, but also give sprouts that will die in winter. For a new sprout, the clove will have little strength, and, perhaps, they will not be at all. Therefore, on bountiful harvest no longer need to count. When too late boarding good roots will not have time to grow, in the spring the cloves will have to spend time building them up, seedlings may be late.
Planting material preparation
Only large cloves from healthy bulbs are suitable for planting.
Teeth preparation:
- we disassemble the bulb into cloves, not forgetting to remove parts of the bottom; in non-shooting varieties, only the outer row is selected for planting; double cloves should not be planted either;
- we reject all damaged and sick;
- we disinfect the planting material in the preparation "Maxim" according to the instructions or in a solution of copper sulphate prepared from 10 liters of water and a teaspoon of the preparation.
Teeth should be planted immediately after disinfection.
Ground Requirements
The soil on the garlic bed must meet the following requirements:
- be fertile, with a high content of humus - on lean soils, large heads cannot be obtained;
- be light enough in composition, ideally, it is chernozem or sandy loam well seasoned with humus; a good harvest is also obtained on loam, but they will often have to be loosened;
- pass air well;
- have a neutral reaction; if the soil is acidic, it is limed in advance;
- there should not be stagnation of water in the garden, garlic does not tolerate it, therefore it is not worth planting this crop in the lowlands; the only option on too wet soils is high beds.
When choosing a landing site, you need to pay attention to its illumination. It should be maximum, in the shade garlic will please green pen, but not full heads.
Fertilizer in the preparation of the beds
A bed for garlic should be prepared at least 2 weeks in advance so that the soil settles and compacts. In too loose soil, the teeth are strongly drawn into the depth, shoots will appear later and will be uneven.
What fertilize the beds for garlic? For every sq. m contribute:
- up to 10 kg of humus or well-rotted compost;
- cup wood ash;
- 1 st. a spoonful of superphosphate;
- 2 tbsp. spoons of potassium sulfate.
Nitrogen fertilizers are applied during the first spring loosening. Since autumn, the soil is dug up to a depth of 25 cm. You can simply loosen it well with a pitchfork, choosing weed roots.
Do not add fresh manure under garlic - the heads will turn out loose and will not be stored well.
Planting scheme for winter garlic
It is better to place a row from a row in the garden at a distance of 25 cm. In a row, teeth are planted every 10 cm, large ones less often, small ones more often. The easiest way is to take a thick stick and make indentations with it at the right distance at the same level.
How deep can garlic be planted? It depends on how frosty the winters are and how much snow falls. Garlic, planted at a depth of about 5 cm, sprouts faster, but in a snowy and frosty winter it can freeze. In harsh climates, it is better to choose a planting depth of about 15 cm. The teeth are placed in the holes with the bottom down, without pressing them in, otherwise it will be difficult for them to root. The holes are filled with manure.
Experienced gardeners know that dry wintering is preferable for garlic. In our unstable climate, we are not immune from rain even in January. To protect plantings from excessive moisture and at the same time from severe freezing, you can mulch the soil with a layer of humus or leaves, and cover the garden bed with either roofing felt or film. But this is only if in the spring there is an opportunity to remove the shelter before germination. Otherwise, you will have to limit yourself to the usual mulching with a layer of 5 cm. In the spring, the mulching material is removed.
Features of care
Growing garlic in open ground- the lesson is simple, but it requires consistency in the application of all methods of agricultural technology. In the spring, garlic sprouts very quickly. As soon as the first leaves appear, the soil is loosened to destroy the soil crust. At this time, plants are especially in need of nitrogen. The roots in cold soil are still poorly functioning, and the leaf apparatus is growing rapidly. This imbalance often causes leaf tips to dry out. To avoid this, feed the garlic with any nitrogen fertilizer, but always in liquid form: art. a spoonful of urea per 10 liters of water, for each sq. m pour 1/3 bucket. It is good to add humate to the solution, it contributes to the fastest growth of roots.
In the future, 2-3 more feedings will be required with a frequency of 2 weeks:
- in the phase of 3-4 leaves - complete mineral fertilizer with the addition of urea - according to Art. spoon per 10 liters of water, consumption per 3 sq. m;
- complete mineral fertilizer - Art. spoon per 10 liters of water, consumption per 2 sq. m;
- superphosphate - 1 tbsp. spoon, potassium sulfate - 1 tbsp. spoon per 10 liters of water, consumption per 2 sq.m.
Top dressing is carried out after watering. Garlic loves moisture, so it is watered regularly, but only in the first half of the growing season.
20 days before harvesting, watering the garlic is stopped.
What else needs to be done to get a good harvest?
- Remove arrows on arrowing varieties in time - they should not grow more than 5 cm.
- Keep the soil loose and weed-free.
- Remove heads promptly
Garlic is often planted in autumn before winter. They do this in order to obtain early harvests of vitamin products. The method of planting and growing is simple, long tested. We recommend that you familiarize yourself with it.
Why you need to plant garlic in the fall
It is known that there are two types of garlic - spring and winter. It is clear that winter crops are planted before winter, that is, in autumn. More than seventy varieties of winter garlic are registered in the State Register of Breeding Achievements. This species is more popular than spring, due to its advantages:
- Large cloves and bulbs.
- Bright spicy taste.
- High yield.
- Early harvest dates - in most regions this occurs no later than mid-July.
The disadvantages of winter varieties of garlic include short time storage (3-4 months) and the risk of freezing plantings under adverse weather conditions. It should be noted that this culture has good winter hardiness. Garlic is planted before winter in almost all regions of Russia, including the Urals, Siberia, Far East, in Karelia.
How to plant garlic in the fall
There is nothing difficult in this process. Even a novice gardener can plant and grow winter garlic.
Planting material preparation
In the summer, during the harvest, garlic is sorted and the most selected for planting. large heads with three to five teeth. The larger the planted clove, the larger the head will grow out of it. And of course, the selected bulbs should not have visible damage and signs of disease. Until planting, they are stored in a dry, dark place.
For planting, the largest heads of garlic with three to five cloves are selected
You need to plant garlic about a month and a half before the onset of cold weather. During this time, he will have time to take root and leave stronger in the winter. It is undesirable that he began to germinate, but if this happens, it's not scary. Well-covered garlic will overwinter safely and begin to grow in early spring. Frost-resistant varieties withstand winters with temperatures down to -25 ° C. But if the garlic does not have time to take root, then most likely it will freeze out at frosts of -10 ° C. It is clear that the calendar dates of sowing in different regions vary according to climatic conditions. For example, in middle lane to autumn plantings garlic usually start in mid-October, and in the south - at the end of October and even in the first half of November.
Garden preparation
The soil for planting should be prepared two to three weeks in advance. In this case, you need to choose a place where suitable predecessors were grown, for example:
- Any grain, except for oats and barley.
- Zucchini and squash.
- Pumpkin.
- Cabbage.
- Legumes.
- Berry crops (strawberries, strawberries).
- Tomatoes.
Do not plant garlic after crops such as:
- Beet.
- Carrot.
- Potato.
The bed should be located in a well-lit area without flooding. Light loose soils are best suited - sandy loam, loam with a neutral reaction (pH 6.5-7.0). It is convenient to grow garlic in beds one meter wide. Before digging, 8-10 kg / m 2 of humus or compost, 30-40 g / m 2 of superphosphate and 1-2 l / m 2 of wood ash are evenly scattered over the soil surface. Digging depth - spade bayonet.
A bed for winter garlic should be located in a well-lit area without flooding.
Planting process
Step-by-step instructions for planting winter garlic in the fall look like this:
Care after landing
Planting winter garlic does not require fertilizing and other care until spring. The only thing required action- Shelter beds for the winter. To do this, with the onset of cold weather, spruce branches, straw, fallen leaves, etc. are laid on them, and after snow falls, it is advisable to throw it over a shelter 20-30 cm thick. In the spring, as soon as the threat of frost has passed, the shelter will need to be removed to avoid warming plants.
For the winter, the garden bed is covered with improvised materials
In my area (eastern Ukraine), I constantly grow winter garlic. The variety is unknown to me. In our area, winter garlic is usually dug up until July 12 (the religious holiday of Peter and Paul), and so do I. During the harvest, I select the best bulbs for planting and plant them in mid-October (the religious holiday of the Intercession Holy Mother of God). If the autumn is warm - sometimes I plant at the end of October. In December, I cover the bed with dry hay and cover it with branches left after pruning fruit trees. Shelter is usually removed at the end of March. In the spring in April - May I spend two top dressings with liquid organic fertilizers(infusion of weeds or chicken manure). Water regularly and remove weeds. From about mid-June, I stop watering. This simple technology brings me 10-15 kilograms of excellent garlic from a five-meter garden bed (one meter wide). Enough for conservation, and for cooking, and for presents to relatives and friends.