Dates of sowing late cabbage in the ground. When to plant cabbage in the ground

Cabbage is considered to be one of the oldest cultivated crops. Today it is represented by about ten varieties, and those, in turn, consist of varieties different terms maturation. Cold resistance, high yield, wide use in cooking and "compliance" are the reasons why cabbage is on a par with potatoes and tomatoes in terms of its importance. However, it is worth noting that some gardeners do not adhere to the timing of planting this crop at all, but prefer to plant everything at once.

But it is early cabbage that gives us the opportunity to receive vitamins and microelements already in the middle of summer. And if you grow it in seedlings, then the ripening time due to this will come even faster.

It is hardly an advantage of early varieties that high yields can be considered, and storage in winter period in this case, there can be no question. But in almost every garden you can find a small piece of land allocated for several early heads of cabbage. After all, no one can refuse the pleasure of trying the first salad in the middle of summer.

The most common varieties that ripen in 100-120 days include:

If you grow them through seedlings, then you can bring the ripening time closer by a few more weeks, in connection with which seedling method preferred by most gardeners.

Features of seedling cultivation

In fact, all varieties of cabbage are grown using seedlings using the same technology, and the differences may lie only in unimportant nuances. But regardless of whether early varieties or late ones, work begins with the preparation of seeds: they need to be sorted, then pickled, that is, soaked in hot water for about twenty minutes, then another two - in the cold. At the end, the seeds should be thoroughly dried.

Important information! Only seeds of “own” production need dressing, while grains purchased in a store do not need to be prepared, because the manufacturer himself has already done this.

When to plant early cabbage for seedlings?

If we talk about the differences between varieties of cabbage, then do not forget that seeds should be sown only taking into account the climatic characteristics of the region and individual characteristics. specific type culture. Sowing seeds must be done for a certain period of time, after which the seedlings can be transplanted into open ground. Thus, the timing of sowing will look something like this.

Table. How many days before transplanting do you need to plant cabbage

Based on this information, it is possible to determine the approximate timing of sowing planting material.

1. Early varieties of red and white cabbage should be sown from 10 to 25 March.
2. For broccoli and cauliflower optimum time for sowing is the period from the last days of March to the beginning of June. Tellingly, here several crops should be made at once, and the interval between them should be 15-20 days.
3. Savoy cabbage is best planted from the second half of December to April, with early varieties planted first.
4. The best time to sow Brussels sprouts Mid to end of April is considered.
5. Finally, they start planting kohlrabi cabbage in early March, so you can get early greens. Although, if desired, this process can be continued until the end of April.

Now, having familiarized yourself with the theory, you can start practicing, that is, planting cabbage for seedlings.

The procedure for sowing and growing seedlings

Regardless of the type of cabbage chosen and the specific timing of sowing, you must take the time to pre-prepare the soil. It is important that the soil is loose and permeable, therefore, in without fail make sure that it contains sand, soddy soil and peat.

In addition, decide in advance whether you will resort to picking or try to avoid an event so traumatic for the root system of young seedlings. It is worth noting that the technology of both methods is almost the same, and the differences are only in minor nuances.

Method one. Using picks

The algorithm of actions in this case should look something like this.

Step one. Take a large deep box and fill it with pre-prepared soil mixture. Carefully level the surface of the soil, then water it.

Step two. Make shallow furrows. Place seeds in these furrows early cabbage, while maintaining a step between them of about one to two centimeters.

Step three. Sprinkle the planting material with a small amount of soil, then lightly tamp it. Place the crate on a sunny windowsill, try to keep the room temperature between 18-20 degrees.

Step Four. When the first shoots erupt (and this usually happens about five days after sowing), lower the temperature to 8-9 degrees.

Step five. After another two weeks, dive the seedlings into small individual containers measuring about 7x7 centimeters. Remove the seedlings along with the soil, while trying not to damage the young roots.

Step Six. For several days, keep the seedlings at a temperature of about 17-18 degrees, then you can reduce this figure to 10-12 (at night) and 13-14 degrees (during the day).

Important information! Do not forget that cabbage seedlings are extremely demanding on lighting, so caring for them should include, among other things, additional lighting. In open soil, additional lighting is not required, which makes the task much easier.

Method two. Without using picks

Essentially, no essential features in terms of sowing or conditions, there are none here, because all this is identical to the previous method. The only difference is that seedling containers with cassettes should be used as containers for planting, or, alternatively, peat / coconut tablets, inside which seeds will be sown.

In the absence of such a container, a simple box is quite suitable, which will need to be divided inside into “compartments” using any partitions.

And in the process of caring for seedlings of early cabbage, you should:

• observe the thermal / light regime;
• periodically ventilate the room with seedlings;
• water sparingly when upper layer the soil will dry out;
• harden seedlings before planting in the garden.

Video - How to sow cabbage for seedlings

Transplanting cabbage seedlings

Any experienced gardener he will say that it is possible to grow this crop in one place for a maximum of two or three years, after which the site should “rest” for about five years.

If speak about predecessors of cabbage then the best ones are:

• tomatoes;
• potato;
• beets;
• beans;
• cucumbers.

Choose a well-lit garden area for planting. Do not forget that the plant responds well to organic type dressings - add them to spring time, and even in the first year (if we are talking about early types) or in the second (if about later ones).

The planting scheme itself depends on the particular variety and should look something like this.

1. Early red and white varieties should be planted according to the scheme of 30x40 centimeters.
2. As for Savoy cabbage, for it this indicator should correspond to 70-50 (late / medium varieties) and 70x30 centimeters (early).
3. Broccoli should be planted according to the 40x60 scheme (to grow side shoots) or 20x50 centimeters (to grow heads).
4. For early varieties of kohlrabi, a scheme of 25x35 centimeters should be used.
5. For Brussels sprouts, this is 60x70 centimeters.
6. Finally, cauliflower should be planted in a checkerboard pattern, approximately every 35-40 centimeters (although a 25x50 cm pattern can be used).

After the "moving" of plants to the garden, care for them, of course, will not end. You must continue to periodically water the cabbage, loosen the soil and fertilize in a timely manner.

Irrigation Features

Water seedlings with special care immediately after transplanting. The interval between watering should average two or three days. Bring in approximately eight liters of water for each square meter beds. In the future, water not so often, but more abundantly.

Soil loosening

Try to loosen after each rain, but do not do it too deep - no more than six to eight centimeters. The fact is that the root system of cabbage is located superficially.

Three days after transplantation, hill seedlings, then repeat this procedure every eight to ten days.

Fertilization

The first thing you should do is to increase the green mass. In this regard, three weeks after transplantation, start fertilizing. In general, for the entire time of development, top dressing should be applied no more than three to four times.

Video - Features of breeding early cabbage

Pantry of vitamins and trace elements, White cabbage, acquires special value in the winter. Unlike most vegetables, including potatoes, cabbages tightly stuffed with leaves retain their vitamin properties throughout their shelf life, right up to spring.

Low-calorie, light and delicious food from cabbage - required element dietary nutrition, in addition, the content of tartronic acid in juicy leaves, which prevents the processing of carbohydrates into fats, contributes to weight loss. The use of vegetables in atherosclerosis, beriberi, is widely known. diabetes and diseases of the stomach.

The main requirements of this cold-resistant crop are nutritious soil and timely watering. There are some more features of the cultivation of cabbage beds that you need to know and put into practice in order to get an excellent harvest.

White cabbage - requirements for growing crops

To obtain good harvest any vegetables, first of all it is worth learning about the main biological features plants, which will create Better conditions and avoid blunders.

• Temperature

Cabbage is a cold-resistant plant, the seeds germinate very quickly, pecking at a temperature of 3-5 C, and at 16-18 C, seedlings will appear in 5-8 days.
Rooted seedlings and adult plants easily tolerate frosts down to 4-6 C. At the same time, in the southern regions of cabbage planting, they suffer from high temperatures, which are especially detrimental to development during the period of intensive growth - before the formation of heads.

At temperatures above 25-27 C, cabbage begins to slow down growth, and in stable hot weather, it sheds its lower leaves. The selection of heat-resistant varieties can partly solve this problem.

• Lighting

Cabbage is demanding on the light, planted in the shade does not tie heads, while being a plant of a long day. In the northern regions with long daylight hours, seedlings with five leaves are obtained in 30 days, which is a week faster than in middle lane.

This feature is taken into account when growing seedlings on the windowsill - additional illumination of plants for several hours a day will significantly accelerate their growth and development.

• Favorable soil for seedlings of cabbage

Suitable for planting cabbage different soils if they are sufficiently seasoned with humus. The best soil– loam with slightly acidic reaction (up to 6 pH).

Like other vegetables, cabbage plants consume mineral compounds unevenly: at the beginning of growth, nitrogen fertilizers are important, while tying and building up the leaf mass of heads of cabbage, phosphorus and potassium are needed. Moreover, the excess nitrogen fertilizers during the formation of heads can lead to their damage during storage with point necrosis and rot.

Cabbage is very moisture-loving, the reason for this is large surface leaves, from which there is a constant evaporation of moisture, as well as a compact root system that penetrates shallowly.

In addition to regular watering of the soil (about 4 l / sq.m), in order to reduce moisture loss through the leaves during hot periods, it is advisable to carry out refreshing watering and sprinkling.

Productive varieties and hybrids

The main difference between varieties and hybrids of white cabbage is the period from germination to harvest, on this basis, all types are divided into four groups:

• early (ripening time 90-130 days);
• medium (130-150 days);
• medium-late (150-165 days);
• late (165-180 days).

Consider the best sustainable productive varieties cabbages of different maturity.

early cabbage

Plants are characterized by high demands on fertility and soil moisture. Already in June, early varieties and hybrids form small loose heads of cabbage, suitable for salads, borscht and cabbage rolls. This cabbage is not fermented and is not used for harvesting.

Good to know

Planted seedlings of early varieties are not fertilized to avoid excess nitrates in heads of cabbage.

Forks left in the garden for a long time crack and lose their presentation and taste.

June

The old reliable grade is characterized by excellent taste and unpretentiousness. The harvest waiting period is 90-100 days from emergence. The head of cabbage is light green, with a slight wax coating, weighing 1.8-2.0 kg, cracks when overexposed in the garden. The value of the variety increases its resistance to frost up to -5 C.

Mirror F1

An ultra-early hybrid forms a rounded dense fork weighing 1-1.2 kg already 45-50 days after planting 30-day seedlings. A small stalk, a dense head structure with a high sugar content - all this makes the hybrid one of the best in its category. A definite plus is resistance to fusarium.

Parel F1

Light green, round heads of this popular hybrid are ready for harvest 55-60 days after planting. The weight of the forks ranges from 0.6 to 1.2 kg. Parel F1 is not prone to cracking and flashing, is resistant to coloring, and has a great taste. Productivity - up to 5 kg / sq.m.

Variety Aurora F1

Vegetable growers fell in love with the early-ripening hybrid for the rapid formation of marketable heads of cabbage - 90 days after germination and resistance to hot weather and fungal diseases. Taste qualities tall, the color of the outer leaves is light green, the core is white. Fork weight 1.6-1.7 kg. Productivity up to 7 kg/sq.m.

Mid-season varieties of cabbage

Varieties and hybrids of cabbage of medium ripening supply gardeners with high-quality heads of cabbage throughout the summer. This cabbage is rightfully considered the most delicious and healthy, not distinguished by excessive density like late varieties or friability and fewer vitamins, like early types.

Glory 1305

From year to year, the traditional variety holds the palm. This cabbage is versatile - delicious fresh, sauerkraut and stewed. Tight cabbages are prone to cracking, so they are harvested on time and fermented or placed in the cellar, where they will keep well until January.

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It will take 110-115 days for the plants to form marketable heads of cabbage from the emergence of seedlings. The forks of this variety are rounded flat, light green, large - weighing up to 4.5 kg. The harvesting period is July - September, the yield is up to 10 kg / sq. m.

Sort Gift

The competitor of the previous variety is famous for its tasty dense heads, suitable for any processing, resistance to major cabbage diseases and cracking.

The harvest period is 120-130 days, dense juicy forks weighing 3.5-4.0 kg are stored until February without losing commercial qualities. Productivity about 8 kg/sq.m. m.

Middle-late and late cabbage

Heads are formed for a long time - up to six months, therefore it is not surprising that these varieties are leaders in yield. Middle-late and late cabbage is stored until spring and is suitable for all types of processing.

Aggressor F1

The new popular mid-late hybrid of universal purpose, resistant to fusarium and rot, is characteristic high yield and excellent taste of dense heads of cabbage weighing 3.5-5 kg. The color of the outer leaves is grayish-green, with a waxy coating.

The harvest period is 120-150 days from emergence. The hybrid proved to be resistant to hot weather, unpretentious - gives average yields even on poor soils. The yield is 9-10 kg / sq. m.

Amager

Amagerka, beloved by vegetable growers, is resistant to decay, fusarium, and root rot. It's reliable mid-late variety cabbage with a ripening period of 150-160 days.

Heads are flat-round, formed together, one-dimensional, weighing 4.5-5 kg. Integumentary leaves are gray-green with a strong wax coating. Transportability is good, waste during storage is negligible.

Variety Kolobok

Late variety, ready for harvest 150-160 days after germination. Dense spherical heads of cabbage ripen at the same time, weight 5-6 kg. Preservation is excellent, according to this characteristic "Kolobok" surpasses other varieties.

Good to know

In addition, a significant plus of the variety is resistance to the most harmful diseases of cabbage plants (fusarium, rot, bacteriosis), cracking. In a well-equipped cellar, this cabbage will be stored until steady heat sets in.

The best varieties of cabbage: an overview

Bed preparation

The area for cabbage should be flat, without stagnant water, if necessary, drainage is done - digging an inclined ditch around the perimeter to drain meltwater, which is especially important for planting early varieties.

Then plant cabbage

Good predecessors of cabbage are onions, cucumbers, tomatoes and peppers. Excellent yields can be obtained after cultivation legumes, which enrich the earth with nitrogen and make its structure light, porous. The vegetable is returned to its original place no earlier than after 5 years.

In autumn, humus is introduced for plowing - from 5 kg / sq.m, it is permissible to use not completely rotted and even fresh cow dung. In the absence of this organic fertilizer, it is replaced chicken manure in a mixture with rotted leaves or compost, which will improve the porosity of the soil.

In the spring, holes are prepared, which are filled with a pre-prepared mixture of organic and mineral fertilizers.

Advice. Prepare a complete mixture for dressing holes by adding 70 g of humus to a bucket ammonium nitrate, 70 g of superphosphate, 30 g of potassium salt.

The layout of the holes for planting cabbage of different ripening periods:

• early 60 x 25-30 cm;
• medium 60 x 30-35 cm;
• middle late and late 70 x 40 cm.

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To reduce labor costs, planting cabbage in rows is used: long furrows are dug into which fertilizer is applied, while the seedlings are planted obliquely along the resulting row, in a checkerboard pattern, with distances of 25 cm, watering is carried out along the furrow.

Growing cabbage seedlings and sowing seeds in the ground

To obtain a guaranteed harvest, cabbage is grown through seedlings; full-fledged heads of late varieties can be grown by sowing seeds directly into the ground. No matter how the cabbage is grown, the seeds are preheated and pickled.

Seed treatment and seedling cultivation

1. Selected seeds are poured hot water with a temperature of 45-50 C, the dishes are wrapped and kept for 20 minutes, then strained through gauze and spread out to dry. Heat treatment will avoid root rot and mucous bacteriosis.
2. After warming up, the seeds are dusted with foundation powder or kept in a solution of Fitosporin-M or Albit, which will protect plants from many fungal infections, in particular, blackleg and fusarium.

Advice. Use the non-toxic preparation Fitosporin-M CABBAGE for processing, containing organic fungicides, trace elements and humate. The powder is diluted in water at the rate of 0.5 teaspoon per 100 g of water and the submerged seeds are kept for 2 hours immediately before planting.

Preparing and planting seedlings

When to sow cabbage seeds for seedlings

The timing of sowing seeds to obtain a crop of early cabbage depends on the region of cultivation. For the southern regions, the optimal period is January 25 - February 5, for the middle zone, sowing is carried out on February 20 - March 5.

When sown at this time, young cabbage plants with 7-8 leaves will be obtained in 55-60 days, then they can be planted under a film as soon as the soil is ripe, which falls in the southern regions in April, and in the middle lane - at the beginning of May.

The need for planting material is determined at the rate of 50-60 pieces per 10 sq.m. The procedure for growing seedlings is as follows:

1. Prepared seeds are sown in well-spilled hot water and slightly cooled soil. For planting, ready-made peat humus tablets are used, which allows you to plant plants without damaging root system. Peat pots or homemade containers from thick paper measuring 8 x 8 cm is filled with a nutrient mixture.

Advice. Prepare the ground for seedlings by mixing humus, garden soil and compost in equal proportions, the latter can be replaced with Zeolite.

2. Crops are placed in a warm place (18-19 C) and wait a few days until the first shoots appear. After that, the seedlings are transferred to a cool, well-lit room, maintaining a temperature of 15-17 C. Illumination during this period is critical, with a lack of light and high temperature the cabbage will immediately stretch, and the seedlings will turn out weak.

3. Water seedlings of cabbage once or twice a week, after spending 3-4 top dressings with soluble mineral fertilizer(Crystal).

4. With the first warm days, pallets with seedlings are transferred to an unheated veranda, and then to the street, gradually accustoming to the conditions external environment. Experienced vegetable growers from mid-March (April) install boxes of cabbage in a cold greenhouse, opening them during the day and returning the film to the frame in the evening.

5. Cabbage seedlings are planted in the evening or in cloudy weather in prepared holes, watered under the root with sun-warmed water at the rate of 1-1.5 liters for each plant. Such gentle watering is carried out every other day during the first week after planting seedlings.

Sowing seeds in the ground

good harvest late cabbage can be obtained at seedless cultivation- sowing seeds directly into the ground. This is a less time-consuming method, besides, cabbage plants without transplantation are more resistant to adverse conditions, diseases and form a powerful root system.

when to plant cabbage open ground

Cabbage seeds are sown as soon as the weather permits and the soil ripens - from the second decade of April to the beginning of May.

1. Seeds are sown in holes according to the scheme as for seedlings, or in rows with row spacing of 70 cm, however, in this case, overspending of seeds cannot be avoided.
2. 5-7 seeds are placed in each hole, planting to a depth of 3-4 cm. During the emergence of seedlings, loosening is carried out, destroying the crust and destroying weeds.
3. As soon as shoots appear, they must be processed from cabbage flea, which in hot weather capable of destroying sprouts short term. To do this, seedlings are sprayed with one of the pesticides: Bi-58, Decis or Intavir.

Advice. When the first shoots appear, carry out several preventive dustings with a mixture of wood ash and tobacco dust in equal proportions or pyrethrum powder.

Cabbage seedlings are watered carefully, by sprinkling - a strong pressure can wash the soil and expose the roots.

Seedlings break through twice, leaving two plants each, and then one each strong plant in each hole or at a distance of 35-40 cm when grown in rows.

Picking seedlings of cabbage

Cabbage planting care

The main care for cabbage beds consists in weeding, regular watering, after which the soil must be loosened, destroying the crust and increasing the access of oxygen to the roots.
Early ripe varieties cabbages are more demanding on watering than medium and late-ripening ones. When growing cabbage through seedlings, plants planted in the ground will require more frequent and abundant watering than when sowing seeds directly into the ground.

On average, cabbage is watered about 10 times per season, while consuming water at the rate of 3 l / sq. m during the growth period and about 4.5 l / sq. m during the formation of cabbage heads. Lack of water will result in underdeveloped cabbage forks with a bitter taste and wilted leaves.

With good soil filling, you can limit yourself to two dressings at the root - 10 days after planting the seedlings, blue Crystal or nitrogenous fertilizer is used, when tying cabbage heads - red Crystal or fertilizer with a high content of phosphorus and potassium.
Periodically, cabbage plantings are inspected and, if necessary, treated for diseases and pests.

As soon as dense forks have formed, they are collected by cutting sharp knife, without going deep into the head of cabbage, leaving a small process of the stalk. After harvesting, late cabbage is folded in one layer in a cool room and allowed to dry from excess moisture, only after that it is stored in a basement or cellar.

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Unpretentious, productive cabbage grows well in all regions and on all types of land. This unique vegetable can be successfully grown on northern peatlands and southern sandy loamy soils, forest and loamy soils.

It is worth the vegetable grower once to allocate for cabbage small plot and follow the basic cultivation guidelines, and he is pleasantly surprised by the yield obtained, sufficient for his own consumption and for the sale of the surplus on the market.

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When planting cabbage, it is necessary to take into account the weather conditions, or rather the air temperature. If cabbage is planted with seedlings, then when planting it in open ground, the soil temperature should be at least 15 degrees. This will significantly increase the survival rate of plants and allow them to develop properly. This temperature is usually set in mid-May. Therefore, late and medium varieties of cabbage are planted in open ground no earlier than this period. You should also take into account the fact that late cabbage in the fall must necessarily be exposed to night frosts. And they usually start in early October. The ripening time of late cabbage lasts about 4.5 months. Therefore, it is necessary to plant late cabbage in 2018 in open ground at the end of May.

As for early cabbage, it withstands more low temperature. Therefore, it can be planted in open ground as early as late April - early May. Of course, in different regions these terms may differ, but the main thing is that the soil temperature is above +10 degrees. After the cabbage takes root, it is not afraid of any frost.

To determine more accurate dates for planting cabbage in open ground in 2018, you need to seek help from Lunar calendar gardeners and gardeners.

The most favorable days in 2018 for planting cabbage in open ground

Most the best time for planting any plants - this is the growing moon. In April 2018 she will from the 17th to the 29th. It is on these days that all gardeners can plant early cabbage. Well, the most favorable time for this is April 28, 29.

In May this moon will be from the 16th to the 28th. At this time, you need to start planting late cabbage. Most auspicious days for this come from 24 to 27 May.

Also late and medium cabbage in some regions they plant more in June. This month, the following days are ideal for planting cabbage: 4, 5, 6, 11, 12 June. More late boarding cabbage in open ground is undesirable, since the plants of this crop will not have time to ripen properly before the onset of winter.

Tell me when to plant late cabbage for seedlings? In winter, our most popular dish is sauerkraut. Everyone loves it, both adults and children, so I always try to prepare as much as possible. I usually buy heads of cabbage in the market, but last year I was not lucky. Apparently, the variety was not what you need - the cabbage turned out to be soft, without a crunch, and some kind of viscous. I decided to try and grow it myself. I have lamps for additional illumination of seedlings, there is also enough free space. I just can't figure out when to plant. Early maturing varieties are usually planted in early March, wouldn't that be too early for winter cabbage?

Cabbage is grown by all gardeners. But if early varieties are usually planted in a small amount, then late-ripening species occupy most cabbage beds. It is not surprising, because it is such cabbage that is intended for storage and fermentation. Like other varieties, it is grown seedling method. The process itself and the conditions of care are the same for them, the only difference may be in the timing of sowing. When to plant late cabbage for seedlings depends on the regional climate and the particular variety. Let's try to determine the approximate landing time.

"Cabbage" vegetation cycle

As you know, seedlings of early cabbage need at least a month to get stronger. In later varieties, this period is longer and can reach up to 60 days. To determine the sowing date, you also need to consider total time required to reach full maturity. Some species need 120 days, while others will need all 200 days. Do not forget about the time during which seeds germinate and seedlings take root after transplantation.

On average, cabbage has the following development cycle:

1. Sowing and germination - 7 days.
2. The seedling period is from 45 to 60 days.
3. Rooting and adaptation after transplanting into open ground - 7 days.
4. Formation and maturation of heads of cabbage - from 50 to 130 days.

So to know the exact date sowing, the number of days indicated above should be subtracted from the expected harvest date. In this case, it is necessary to take into account varietal characteristics.

When to plant late cabbage for seedlings?

The climate is also important. In regions with in early spring and in the long summer, seeds are sown in early April. In May, the grown seedlings can already dive into the beds. short summer and early autumn can prevent heads of cabbage from ripening. In this case, crops must be shifted by more early time- in the middle of March.

Scientists have proven that white cabbage contains a huge amount of substances necessary for proper development and functioning. human body. And there is no need to talk about sour cabbage. Indeed, in winter, with the help of sauerkraut juice, you can restore the microelements and vitamins required by the body, cure a cold, and improve the work of many internal organs. In the conditions of the domestic climate, cabbage is a storehouse of vitamins, which must be present in the diet without fail.

White cabbage - cost-effective vegetable crop, which is characterized by good yield, high nutritional value, keeping quality and transportability.

But, as you know, not all varieties are suitable for long-term storage and salting. The most delicious and high quality sour cabbage obtained from late cabbage, which in recent times not always found in stores.

There is a way out of this difficult situation- start growing late cabbage in your own garden or summer cottage.

Moreover, late varieties are not demanding on soil relief and grow successfully both on lowlands and on heavy soils rich in organic fertilizers.

Good yields of a vegetable can be obtained by planting it on the beds after crops such as early cucumbers or potatoes. But, regardless of the landing time, under conditions of medium and northern latitudes late-ripening cabbage is grown only with seedlings, which are most conveniently obtained when sown in a greenhouse.

Sowing seeds for seedlings

To grow late cabbage, seeds are sown for seedlings in mid-March, and in April they can be planted not only in a greenhouse, but also directly in the ground under a film cover. Seeds need to be prepared before sowing. To do this, dry vegetable seeds should be placed in a container with water, the temperature of which will be 50 ° C, and kept for 15 minutes. Then seeds for 1 min. descend into cold water and for 12 hours they are immersed in a solution of special trace elements, which can be purchased at any gardening store. After that, the seeds must be thoroughly washed. cold water and place in the refrigerator overnight.

Seeds prepared in this way can be sown in soil mix from equal parts of sand, peat and sod land. It is strongly undesirable to use humus and old soil from the beds, because they may contain the black leg virus, which will not allow growing quality seedlings and will nullify all your efforts. Before planting the seeds, the soil mixture must be well shed with a solution of potassium permanganate. The vegetable is sown in narrow rows, while the distance between the holes should be 1 cm, and between the furrows - 3 cm. The seeds are laid in the soil to a depth of about 10 mm.

Foliar feeding of seedlings is carried out after the appearance of the first 2 true leaves on the bush.

In order for faster seed germination and seedling cultivation to occur, a favorable environment should be created. temperature regime when the daytime temperature is in the range of 20-25°C, and at night it drops to 9°C. It is impossible to overmoisten the substrate, this can lead to the disease of seedlings with a black leg. At proper care seeds germinate within a few days, and after 2 weeks they can be picked.

When growing cabbage, one should not forget about feeding seedlings. First foliar top dressing vegetable is carried out when the first 2 true leaves appeared on the bush. In 1 liter of water, dilute 0.5 teaspoons of trace elements with complex fertilizers and spray seedlings. The second dressing is carried out before hardening the seedlings. The leaves are sprayed with a solution of 1 tablespoon of potassium sulfate and 1 tablespoon of urea per 10 liters of water. On average, 1 bush takes about a glass of the mixture.

In the last days of April, it is necessary to begin preparing seedlings for transplanting into beds. To do this, 12 days before planting (as a rule, producing late varieties are planted after May 10 and before May 20), seedlings begin to accustom to the sun and weather conditions: for several hours a day, greenhouses are opened and film shelters are removed. If the air temperature at the indicated time is not yet high, you should not rush into landing in the ground. Once in adverse conditions, late cabbage can release an arrow with seeds, and then you will have to forget about the harvest.

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Planting seedlings in open ground is carried out at a distance between bushes of 70 cm in a row and 60 cm between rows.

If the temperature allows, seedlings are planted in open ground. In order for cabbage to grow as fully as possible, it must have at least 5-6 leaves. When planting, the distance between the bushes should be 70 cm in a row and 60 cm between rows. It is categorically impossible to plant late cabbage on beds where beets, radishes, tomatoes, radishes or other cruciferous species have grown before. good predecessors are potatoes, cereals, cucumbers, carrots and legumes.

Late cabbage loves abundant watering. She especially needs this in the month of August, when heads of cabbage are laid. After planting the seedlings, the vegetable is watered, depending on the weather, every 2 or 3 days. Water consumption should be 8 liters per 1 m². Later, weekly watering will be enough for cabbage at the rate of 13 liters of water per 1 m². After each watering, the soil under the plants must be loosened to a depth of 8 cm.

3 weeks after planting, the vegetable must be spudded and fertilized with a solution of mullein.

Plants should be spudded 3 weeks after planting. At the same time, it is necessary to fertilize the vegetable with a solution of mullein. Hilling is repeated after 10 days. When cabbage is grown, experts recommend regularly dusting the plants and the soil under them. wood ash, which will not only be a top dressing, but will also scare away pests of cabbage leaves: cruciferous flea, slugs, cabbage fly, whitefish and aphids. Ash consumption per 1 m² of soil should be at least 1 cup.

It is good to grow cabbage in the neighborhood with plants such as tomatoes, dill, hemp, peppermint and wormwood. The phytoncides they secrete repel many pests that are dangerous for the late vegetable. If treatment is required against cabbage fly and aphids, spraying with an ash-soap solution has a good effect. To prepare it, 1 kg of ash cleaned from large pieces is poured into 8 liters of boiling water, insisted for 2 days, then filtered. After that, another bucket of water and 40 g of grated soap, dissolved in a small amount of water, are added to the container. Processing can be done as needed, but no more than 2 times a month.