Placement of plants on the site - the layout of the garden and vegetable garden. Examples of the optimal layout of the garden and vegetable garden in a small area Garden and vegetable garden layout top view drawing

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You can often hear from inexperienced summer residents that their trees do not produce such fruits as expected. And they begin to buy ultra-modern seedlings, cutting down all previously planted trees. But in most cases, the people themselves are to blame for the fact that the trees grow poorly and bear fruit. Most likely, tree planting was carried out according to the principle “the more the better”, there was no question of garden planning at all. And the result of such work was ever-sick, fruitless plants.

The main thing for every owner of his own plot to understand is that the creation of a garden, just like the creation of a house, must begin with careful planning.

Where does the garden begin?

The garden begins with what needs to be carefully analyze soil quality and climate in which your trees and shrubs are to grow and bear fruit. If your site has too clay or sandy soil, then it is worth fertilizing it with black soil, peat and other useful components so that the roots receive enough nutrition.

Climatic features that interfere with fruiting:

• too cold winters;
• late spring frosts;
• excessive moisture.

Therefore, trees should be selected based on the climate in which they will grow. Otherwise, you will never get fruit.

tree selection

Choosing fruit trees and shrubs for a garden plot should be strictly local selection. After all, only those apple, pear and cherry plum trees that are accustomed to the local climate will be able to successfully bear fruit. They perfectly adapt to changes in temperature and humidity, delighting their owners with fruits, if not every year, then every other year.

Southern fruits - apricots and peaches-very afraid of autumn dampness. This is due to the fact that in a humid climate, flowering does not end with pollination, and they become just barren flowers without fruits. And pollen, along with moisture, simply falls to the ground. No less dangerous for these shrubs are spring frosts, which occur at the time of flowering of apricots.

Sweet cherry does not tolerate the proximity of groundwater, and if reclamation is not carried out in time, the plant will wither in the very near future. Excessive dampness in the spring also does not bring benefits: the fruits begin to blacken and crack even before they ripen. Therefore, the planting of shrubs should be carried out in previously drained soils.

It is worth choosing plants, strictly considering their performance. Think about whether it is worth allocating a few meters of land for trees that will bear fruit every five or six years, or is it still easier to go to the store and buy a few kilograms of apricots or peaches, and plant trees on this land that will delight you with the harvest.

Gallery: garden layout (25 photos)

Plot marking

In order to know which trees to plant on the site, you need to draw a diagram on paper, which will contain all the existing buildings and those that you still plan to build: a house, a bathhouse, outbuildings. In addition, you should draw those trees that you are not going to uproot.

This is necessary because every building or tree casts a shadow on everything that grows on your site. Consequently, shrubs, trees and other plants will begin to stretch in the direction where there is more light. They spend a lot of energy on this, which could be spent on laying fruit. This will last until the top of it gets closer to the light and overcomes the barrier. And therefore, if your house or bath completely obscures the planted trees and shrubs, then they cannot always outgrow them and they will never bear fruit.

In order to properly distribute the trees on the site, you should also paint the height of each building and the direction of the world. Shade those areas on which the shadow will be located almost around the clock. These zones not suitable for planting trees and shrubs. Here you can safely plant flowers, make a pond or pool. In order for the trees to bear fruit, shade zones should be excluded from the places for planting them.

planting

Now you should figure out how to plant trees on the site correctly. To begin with, the gardener must decide how many trees and shrubs will grow in the garden. If you do not want to periodically prune the plants, then on one hundred square meters of a garden or orchard, you can plant no more than 7 pears or apple trees. Because growing up, they will begin to interfere with each other, casting a shadow. And so a private house will only decorate a garden and a vegetable garden on a site.

If pruning of plants is still planned, then you can plant up to 15 fruit trees on one hundred square meters. If you consider yourself to be smart summer residents, then spend money on columnar trees and plant them at a distance of a meter from each other. Examples of trees of this type can be found on the Internet or in a seedling store.

It is worth remembering that pruning leads to a decrease in fruit only in apricots and cherries, because the fruits grow along the entire branch, and therefore it is not customary to cut them. All other trees require constant pruning. This will help add light to the fruiting branches, and the fruits will become larger. The best option would be to form a crown in the form of a ball or wall if you planted plants near the fence.

Apple and pear trees should be planted at a distance of at least three meters from each other.. But the planting of shrubs can be carried out at a distance of at least one and a half meters from each other. The layout of the garden and vegetable garden should be carried out from south to north, so the plants will not cast shadows and interfere with each other.

Do not make the garden rectangular - it will not be very convenient when caring for plants. If the gardener has broken a rectangular orchard, then he will have to move around with equipment and fertilizers very carefully so as not to damage the tree trunks with a wheelbarrow.

Garden plan

The modern layout of the garden has ceased to be strictly rectangular. And this happened because right angles are completely inconvenient to go around with a wheelbarrow during fertilization or watering the beds. Therefore, modern beds are made in such a way as to make it more convenient. Interesting ideas for planning a garden plot can be peeped from other summer residents and gardeners.

Nevertheless, there are a number of basic principles that help to achieve the maximum yield from the minimum number of beds:

If the gardener chose not to think about the layout of the garden or vegetable garden, then he will have to thoroughly suffer with the cultivation of garden and garden crops. So, having thoroughly sweated once, planning the location of trees or vegetables on the site, you can save yourself from unnecessary work in the future.

What needs to be done in order to collect a rich harvest from your site every year? Is there enough fertile land, timely application of fertilizers and treatment of plants from pests? It would seem that here they are - the cherished hundreds, it is worth planting them and reap the result. But everything is not so simple. Conflicts exist not only among people, but also among plants.

But we are not trees, we can move away from the opponent, but plants do not have such an opportunity. Therefore, before embarking on a landing, it is necessary to develop its plan. And in order to plan correctly, you need to have knowledge of what crops have grown in the previous few years in each area, how fertile each area is, which plants can be planted together and which are best kept away from each other, and other factors.

We are planning a garden

For arranging a garden, you need to choose an open area, since all vegetables love sunlight. On the site near the house, fence and other structures in partial shade, onions can be planted, it is the only one capable of growing in shading. But you should not count on a big harvest.

Be sure to consider the compatibility of vegetables. The celery family and the onion family are friends with families. A good neighbor for them will be cabbage, as well as potatoes, dill and lettuce.

Potatoes alone go well with beans, corn, horseradish, onions and cabbage.

Radish acquires improved taste and becomes larger if it is adjacent to bush beans.

Tomatoes are combined with greens, cabbage, asparagus and beans.

Carrots, in principle, are peaceful and are combined with almost all crops, including peas.

Peas, in addition to carrots, are friends with cucumber, potatoes, corn and radishes. And the radish, in principle, has a good disposition, positively affecting other vegetables.

But cabbage with tomatoes and beans cannot boast of good neighborly relations.

Cucumber is not compatible with potatoes, potatoes with tomato and pumpkin, tomato with fennel.

You should not plant peas with beans near onions and garlic, and radishes next to hyssop.

We are planning a garden

When planting garden trees, you have to use analytical thinking as much as possible, in particular, the ability to plan several years ahead. After all, a tree is not a potato - you can’t transplant it next year. Not only that, you need to choose the right landing site for each tree. It is also necessary to calculate the planting of vegetables, flowers, bushes relative to trees.

Vegetables and shrubs should never be planted near young trees. This may seem like a good solution at first, since this arrangement is a good space saver. But in a few years the trees will grow, and garden crops and berries will be in the shade.

Of course, vegetables can be planted every year in a new place, but that's if it exists. And not all shrubs will be happy about the imminent change of residence. In general, when planning a garden, you should either immediately allocate space for each crop, or understand where it can be allocated in a few years.

Those who plan to grow strawberries, berry bushes, cherries and plums in the garden should be aware that each of these plants has its own ideal fruiting periods in one place, and over time they will have to be transplanted.

With berry bushes a little easier. With good care, they are capable of very long fruiting in one place. With regular pruning and spraying, plants can produce a good harvest for 10 to 15 years without changing their place of residence.

But strawberries in one place should not be grown for more than 3 years. Therefore, one of its beds should be released every year for vegetables, and a vegetable bed for strawberries. In this case, it is immediately clear that it is more convenient to refer strawberries to the garden, so that it is easier to change the ridges. In addition, strawberries are best planted in places where snow is well retained in winter.

When planting shrubs, their preferences must be taken into account. Gooseberries and redcurrants like dry, well-lit areas, while blackcurrants prefer wetter areas. Raspberries produce many root branches, while sea buckthorn has long roots. These plants interfere with the development of others, so they are planted separately.

Tall trees and shrubs planted close to the boundary can shade neighboring areas, this, of course, is unacceptable. Only by respecting the rights of neighbors can one demand the same respect towards oneself. Vigorous trees should be planted at a distance of two meters from the border, and medium-sized trees at least a meter away. The distance between the border and the trees can be occupied by bushes of currants, raspberries and gooseberries.

In order for the house to receive enough light, tall trees should be planted deep into the site. And next to housing, plant flowers, vegetables, herbs, strawberries, shrubs.

To take into account all the nuances when planting and transplanting plants, you need to know the data on which plants grew on each of the plots during the previous 3-4 years. It would be useful to predict exactly how plants will be transplanted not only in the current year, but also in the next few years.

In this regard, the computer makes life much easier. With the help of special programs, you can recreate the site plan to mark in which year and where certain crops grew.

For those for whom this method is not suitable, you can redraw the plan every year with a simple pencil and keep all the plans for the previous few years. True, this is not very convenient, you constantly have to erase the drawings and apply again.

To simplify this process, you can draw and cut identical rectangles from a blank sheet, each of which will indicate a specific crop that the summer resident is going to plant, and try to assemble a "puzzle" for future planting on last year's site plan.

The method is convenient in that you do not have to constantly erase and redraw the missing details, but you can easily correct the omissions simply by moving the rectangle to a new location.

Like any responsible event, laying the future garden on the site begins with planning: how carefully you think through all the details of the placement of capital and outbuildings, how responsibly you treat the choice of a place for trees, shrubs, vegetable and berry plants, will depend on the abundance harvest, and the comfort of your stay in the country.

When planning a garden and vegetable garden, there are many nuances to take into account, so take your time, calculate several suitable options at once, and then choose the best one.

If you want your garden to not only bear fruit, but also look wonderful, you need to make a little effort and a little imagination already when laying it. This is a very responsible job: it includes a large number of processes running simultaneously, besides, preparatory work and planting must be carried out in a short time.

The laying of a garden deserves special attention also because the mistakes made at the same time are difficult to correct in the future, since fruit trees are planted once for many years.

How to fill your garden with beautiful and prolific plants? In order to properly plan the backyard garden, use the advice of experienced summer residents presented on this page.

Planning the territory of the future garden

Whichever path you choose, the laying of the future garden should begin with a clear layout of the territory. All plants must be planted immediately in a permanent place, as transplants greatly harm the plants. In order not to be mistaken, think over the site plan to the smallest detail and sketch all your ideas.

Use your site measurements to plan your garden and orchard by drawing a plan to scale. Such care is needed not only to accurately determine the landing site. You can easily calculate the number of selected plants.

When planning the various zones of their garden, they usually try to make sure that the playground is clearly visible from the kitchen or from the recreation area.

It doesn’t matter if you are planning a berry garden or a vegetable garden on your site or not - it is simply necessary to make a working area. After all, the garden will be planted with plants that need care.

In the working area there is a barn with inventory, a pit for a compost heap. And since this zone is not very attractive, it can be hidden by plants.

When the entire site is divided into zones and measurements are made on the ground, you need to think about communication between the zones, that is, about paths and paths. It is better if the tracks do not run at right angles, but begin to bend smoothly.

Walk along the marked paths, check: is everything convenient? If all is well, you can move on to placing plants around the site.

If you cannot imagine your life without fresh vegetables, then take a well-lit place for the garden, located not on the aisle and in such a way that the trees do not interfere with the normal growth of vegetables.

When planning the design of the garden, in order for the plantings to please you not only with their appearance, but also with the harvest, trees are placed at a distance of 4 m from each other, shrubs - 1.5-2 m. To create hedges, plants are planted at shorter intervals, depending on the type of fence.

A recreation area can be located next to the house. Berry bushes located on it, formed on trellises, and fruit trees on trunks will create a special comfort. Do not place a pool or other body of water near the playground.

Look at the photo - when planning paths in the garden, you need to take into account that they must provide access to every corner of the site:

The width of the path should be sufficient so that a garden wheelbarrow can pass through it normally.

Here is one example of successful garden planning:

• • Low hedge of chaenomeles
  • on the lawn

• Hozblok
• paved paths
• Compost
• Garden of columnar apple trees
• hedge from
• Patio
• Golden currant hedge
• Lawn
• Arch with Actinidia
• Playground
• flower garden
• Composition of bushes - on boles and ordinary
• Garden
• Gooseberry
• coastal plants
• Path covered with gravel
• plums
• Three pear trees

Planning a place to plant plants in the garden

As experienced gardeners advise, when drawing up a site plan, it is important to be guided not only by your desires, but also by the needs of plants, therefore, when planning a garden, it is important to choose the right place for planting them.

Any plant for normal growth and development needs good lighting. However, this does not mean that they must roast all day in the open sun.

As shown in the photo, when planning a vegetable garden, trees should only be placed in an open area:

This is especially true for plants formed in the form of trellises, cordons and palmettes. This need is due to the fact that when shading, the branches will grow unevenly, one-sidedly, strongly stretched, and, therefore, it will be difficult to form and further care for the plantations.

In addition, mature trees have a limited number of branches where overgrown branches can form. To extend the productive period, it is important to take care of good lighting of these particular branches, because they bear fruit.

When planning a garden on a plot, shrubs can be content with a shaded position, as they are less demanding on lighting. In addition, the root system of shrubs is more superficial, and therefore more demanding on moisture conditions.

A plan for a garden is like a pattern for sewing a dress. To begin with, we will measure the site or take as a basis the plan issued to you at the BTI. Next, we transfer the site plan on a graph paper sheet at a scale of 1:100, that is, 1 cm on paper will correspond to 1 m of land. The plan should indicate the boundaries of the site, the gate and the gate, the house and other garden buildings (bathhouse, barn, gazebo, etc.), those trees and large shrubs that you decide to leave, hedges, if any, doors and windows of the house. Be sure to put on paper the location of the well, electrical cables, sewer manhole and other necessary things. We will transfer the paths and paved areas to the plan, but only those that we intend to leave. Let's outline the functional zones on the plan. Routes for moving around the garden should connect them with the house and among themselves, as well as provide access to those places from where we will admire the garden.

Preliminary sketch after site survey

Necessary:

• mask a bad view of neighboring buildings from the windows of the house;
• check the views from the windows of the garden, make them especially picturesque;
• find a place for a reservoir and a gazebo near it;
• arrange a small herb garden near the patio;
• plant two apple trees (early and medium ripening).

The house is the dominant element of any site. It sets the style and scale of the garden, for example: if the house is large, the paths cannot be narrow, and the flower beds are small. The garden and the house should look organically together. Trees and shrubs that cover the house when viewed from the gate, as well as decorating its facade with vines, will not only not damage your house, but also make the overall impression of the garden more interesting, and if the house is very modest, this is the only way to ennoble it. Ideally, one should strive to ensure that the house does not stick out like a finger, but is, as it were, dissolved in the landscape, forming a worthy duo of architecture and wildlife. It does not at all follow from this that the house should be small, and it does not have to be one-story, even if the plot is tiny.

But it is important to decorate the corners of the building, this can be done with the help of a tree-shrub group, it is also necessary to cover the basement of the house, the plants should not close the windows of the house, and higher plants can be placed in the piers.

The founder of Muskau Park, the largest English-style landscape park in Central Europe, Hermann von Pückler-Muskau believed that in order for buildings to make a harmonious impression, they should be visually covered with plants by at least a third.

There is another extreme, when the house is completely hidden from view by vegetation. Such a house gives the impression of abandonment, and you don’t want to look there.

The unified color scheme of the house and the space around it contributes to the creation of a particularly integral impression of this part of the garden. The white balusters of the terrace, the blooming jasmine bush, the white border of the leaves of the 'Elegentissima' derain, while the greenish, but soon whitening caps of the hydrangea tree inflorescences - what a harmonious and elegant garden picture, and the plants are the most simple and ordinary.

A large solid house looks very dignified, but does not suppress the space around due to the fact that adult conifers hug it, visually covering a large part. The house and its respectable surroundings do not compete with each other, but make exactly the impression that is required.

You can also fit a house into a garden with the help of plants formed like palmettes, as well as with the help of vines.

On the plan you need to put everything that you want to add to it. After the plan is sketched out at least approximately, we will try to wander through it. A harmonious garden is a series of successive species. It is very important to control which garden pictures open from the gate, from the front door and windows of the house, from the recreation area, etc.

In the garden, it is not necessary to plant every square centimeter of the area, it is important to ensure the alternation and the correct ratio of open and closed spaces. Open space is what is below human eye level, such as a lawn, paving, pond. Closed space is what is above eye level, these are trees, high hedges, etc. There is a rule: in northern countries, including in central Russia, the ratio of closed and open spaces should be 1: 2 (house area from consideration excluded), that is, the area of ​​open spaces should be approximately twice as large as the area of ​​closed spaces.

In a well-planned garden, you want to take a walk, sit in those places where the most beautiful views open, and see interesting garden plants.

When you start planning a garden with your own hands, you need to correctly measure the size of the area adjacent to the house with the ideas you have. The smaller the size of the plot, the more difficult the layout of the garden, since you will have to take care to perform competent zoning without overloading the territory with excesses. Landscape tricks will come to the rescue here, they are simply irreplaceable when planning a garden. And one of them is planning with a grid.

How to properly plan a garden on a plot (with photo)

Before you properly plan a garden that pleases with proportional proportions and strict cleanliness of lines, you need to carry out functional zoning and thereby make the space suitable and comfortable for your family.

When planning a garden, the design of which is dominated by clear lines is convenient, logical and comfortable, geometric solutions are especially suitable for small areas, in addition, it is a good way to connect the house with the garden. The smaller the garden area, the more concise its plan should be.

Photo gallery

Look at the photo: the layout of the garden using simple geometric shapes such as a circle or a square is typical not only for the classic regular version, it is also suitable for a completely modern garden.

Before you plan the garden on the site, stock up on a scale grid. Its step can be chosen based on the architectural features of the house, if any, often this is the distance between the windows of the house. The size of the grid can vary, but it is always based on the size of the house: if the house is large, then the grid is large, and vice versa. You can take the distance between the fence posts as a step.

A garden plot designed with an unnecessarily fine grid will be overloaded with details. For small gardens up to 6 acres, its size is 2-3 m.

The grid is just a tool, but an extremely important tool, you can try to create a harmonious and logical garden design with it, it will tell you where to start designing.

Garden layout views using a scale grid

There are three types of grid layouts. The most common is the rectangular version, it is the most obvious, often very simple, sometimes almost primitive, but extremely functional.

The grid in the rectangular variant always starts from the facade of the house, in this variant all the lines of the garden (paths, borders of flower beds, paving, lawns) are parallel or perpendicular to the facade of the house.

Photo gallery

Pay attention to the photo on how to plan a garden using diagonal lines: this type of layout not only allows you to come up with original design solutions, but also helps to visually enlarge the garden space, how to push its boundaries, because the diagonal is always larger than the side of the rectangle. In this case, the garden lines are also straight, but at a 45° angle to the front of the house. Plans made using diagonals bring lightness and dynamics to the design of the garden, they are always interesting.

The third option for garden planning is circular, designing a garden with circles is not easy, but the result is impressive, so it's worth trying.

When designing your own garden, I advise you not to be too lazy to make all three possible options and even their combinations, and then choose the most impressive one.

If you are thinking about how to plan a garden, but absolutely do not accept straight lines, then by designing a garden using a grid, you can easily make them smooth by rounding the corners.

The form is the most important part of any object, information about color, texture, size is secondary in relation to the form. Any design work should begin with the choice of form. Of all the existing forms, the circle and the ball are closest to man, because such forms are created by nature itself - remember, for example, an apple, the sun, the full moon, the wheel and the millstone have long been known and familiar. The circle symbolizes enlightenment, perfection, the yin-yang symbols are also enclosed in a circle.

The round shape is suitable for decorating any garden element - a lawn, a paved area, a flower arrangement, a pond. If the recreation area or lawn is given the shape of a circle, and the paths are designed in the form of smooth lines, which are parts of circles of various diameters, such a garden looks spacious and comfortable.

A round-shaped playground looks great against the background of a round lawn, it is paved with rectangular clinker bricks in a circle, which once again emphasizes its shape. The circle as an element of garden design creates intimacy and privacy so necessary in this place. By the way, there is also a round umbrella, which not only protects the owners of the garden and their guests from the sun, but also repeats the shape of a paved area. Paving is not the only option for covering a recreation area; wooden round flooring, slightly raised above the ground, is also very good.

In a modern garden, pergolas are widely used, most often their pillars are located in a straight line, but this is not the only possible option, pergolas look interesting, the bases of the pillars of which are located in a circle.

A circle is the ideal shape for a lawn. It is this geometric figure that organizes the effect of space even in a small area. The dense surroundings of shrubs and herbaceous perennials create the ideal conditions for privacy in such a garden.

Garden layout: landscape design tricks

If you are designing a garden using geometric lines and shapes, they should be clearly read not only on the plan, but also when taking it out to nature, everything must be verified to the centimeter, even a slight negligence in this case is absolutely inappropriate.

For a proper garden layout, a combination of the two options is often used. For example, in the case of a rectangular pond with quarter-circle cutouts at the corners, this is a combination of rectangular and circular options. Spectacular cutouts are emphasized by sheared "hemispheres" of shrubs. In our climatic zone, they can be made from Thunberg's barberry, Japanese spirea, brilliant cotoneaster, Schmidt's alpine currant, snowberry, western spherical thuja is good for this purpose, for example, the Globosa variety. One of the corners of the reservoir is almost adjoined by a recreation area in the form of a circle with a round table with chairs in the middle.

Another illustration to the theme of a successful combination of rectangular and circular layout. The paved platform is in the form of a rectangle combined with a semicircle adjoining it. It is adjoined by a pond, consisting of two symmetrical parts, each also using straight lines and a quarter of a circle. The "roundness" of the composition is emphasized by boxwood balls in ceramic pots, in our climate the same effect can be achieved by trimming the dwarf Japanese spirea of ​​the Little Princes variety, whose leaves are as small as boxwood leaves.

Whether we realize it or not, our eye picks out geometric shapes in the garden, they are good for harmonizing space, the repetition of such elements allows us to make any design more stylish and calm.

Happy owners of their own land plots, whether it be a summer cottage or a private house, almost immediately face the problem of competent zoning of the territory. Now there are a lot of specialists in landscape design, but our man is closer to planning a garden with his own hands. A house, a garden and a vegetable garden are their own, and here it is important to take into account all the nuances from the very beginning, because it will be problematic or even impossible to remake.

Common types of planning

Tip: in the vast majority of cases, when designing a standard garden and vegetable garden with their own hands, experts adhere to proportions according to which residential buildings account for 10% of the territory, 15% is taken by a recreation area and outbuildings, 75% is given to plants.

Despite the apparent diversity, the layout of the garden plot can be done in four main ways.

1. The most common is the rectilinear or parallel-perpendicular version.. He is chosen not because he has some special beauty, but rather because it is easier. Plus, such an arrangement is subconsciously associated with order.

Important: parallel-perpendicular forms, in terms of landscape design, create the effect of reducing space.
Therefore, in this way, the planning of a garden plot of 10 acres or more can be carried out.

1. The exact opposite would be the circular arrangement option.. Let's say right away that this is a rather specific method, and it requires certain knowledge in landscape design. An orchard and flower beds can be entered in this way, but it will be more difficult with a vegetable garden.
2. The diagonal arrangement can be called universal to some extent.. Thus, it can be done as a layout of a garden plot of 15 acres or more. So the arrangement on the standard six acres. The diagonal orientation creates a visual volume and at the same time makes it possible to easily arrange the location of various zones on the site with your own hands.
3. The fourth option can be safely called creative. There are no specific laws here, as a rule, it is a symbiosis of several of the types described above. Most often it is used in areas with incorrect configuration and broken perimeter lines.

Tip: Before you start implementing your project, be sure to draw it on paper.
If you have purchased a finished site, which already has some buildings and plantings that you do not plan to clean, they should be noted first of all and further build on the resulting picture.

Laws of rational distribution

Of course, it is much easier to plan the location of buildings, a garden and a vegetable garden on 10 acres, this is the very critical quadrature on which such landscape delights as an open pond or a separate playground will already look appropriate. But the owners of smaller plots should not be upset either, with a competent approach, you can make a masterpiece out of any territory.

In any project, the house is the main object, they pay attention to it in the first place, so you should start with it. The approach here can be twofold, depending on the general focus.

If the site is being developed in order to grow a good harvest and in the future it should be overgrown with fruit trees and a rich garden, then it is better to place the buildings on the outskirts. Moreover, from the north or north-west side, so as not to block the sun for plants.

On the territory intended exclusively for recreation, with lawns and flower beds, it is more reasonable to locate housing in the center or closer to the front part. Outbuildings, in both cases, are recommended to be hidden in the depths of the territory, if this is not possible, then they should be decorated with shrubs or vineyards.

It is better to place a recreation area with a barbecue and appropriate furniture closer to home, in small areas it is appropriate to make a covered terrace adjacent to the house, in large areas you can equip a gazebo. So it will be more convenient to bring the necessary communications. But, of course, such a zone should be hidden from prying eyes.

If you want to regularly get good harvests and enjoy the beauty of your flower beds all season long, then all green spaces should receive as much sunlight as possible. Also of great importance is the layout of the orchard and vegetable garden with your own hands, because the price of improper planting is the lack of a crop.

Arrangement of an orchard

Suppose that all the torments of creativity associated with the arrangement of various zones in your country house or in a private household are already behind us and it is time to purchase seedlings. The most common mistake young owners make is the desire to plant everything and more.

But do not forget that fertile land is not dimensionless and no more than 7 tall, fruit-bearing trees can fit on one hundred square meters.

With a low or flat planting, you can fit up to 15 healthy trees and still have room for a small vineyard and shrubs. In this case, it is much better to plant less than to invest in quality seedlings, the price of which can be rather big, and uproot the trees after a couple of seasons, because they do not develop well and interfere with the growth of neighboring plantations.

Review your list.

Think about whether you need all the plants that you plan to plant.

• Sea buckthorn is certainly useful, but after the first harvest, interest in it drops sharply. Intensive growth, thorns and problematic collection will quickly discourage growing it, it is easier to buy 1 - 2 cans on the market.
• A cultivated undersized walnut is rare, in 80% of cases you will be sold a regular one. Its crown will cover a large area, and its roots can tear out a light strip foundation. It is appropriate in large areas or next to a capital cottage, creating a shadow over the barbecue area.
• Hazelnuts will take a quarter of a hundred square meters and give a lot of shoots.
• One viburnum is enough, it is better to plant it on the outskirts, near the fence. The plant is unpretentious and normally tolerates shade.
• Chokeberry or chokeberry, for a big fan. The fruits are good for pressure, but this plant loves the sun.

Any plant reaches for the light, and until it reaches its goal, it will not bear fruit normally. Therefore, by planting a seedling in a deliberately shaded area, you doom yourself to a lack of harvest, and the plant to an eternal struggle. In this case, even the best, grafted seedlings will not save you.

The shadow is about half the height of the tree. Conditionally shaded is an area where there is no sun for half a day or more. But do not worry in these places you can place paths, design elements or flower beds.

Important: trees planted near high walls will “shy away” from them, they will need to be shaped.
The only exception is the south direction.

If the goal is a large harvest, then it is better to form trees with a height of no more than 2m, in some cases the height can reach up to 4m. A comfortable distance between the trunks should be two tree heights, in other words, there should be at least 4m between two-meter plants.

Lines of trees, vineyard trellises and rows of shrubs try to arrange from north to south. Thus, you get an additional opportunity to plant low-growing crops between the rows of tall plants, there will be enough sun for everyone.

A few words about the garden

In the garden, ease of movement is important. The comfortable size of the paths is made at least 40 cm. It should be convenient not only to walk on them, but also to import fertilizers or harvest.

Based on many years of experience, we can safely say that the parallel-perpendicular arrangement of the tracks is inconvenient in this case. You will constantly stumble over right angles, and scold sharp turns.

The law works on vegetable beds, the shorter the path, the better. Therefore, feel free to combine diagonals, semicircles, or any other configuration that is convenient for you.

The width of the beds can be different, but a good bed should be raised to a height of about 20 - 30 cm and edged with a border. The internal space, at the same time, is completely filled with fertile, fertilized soil.

Cabbage, root crops and some bushy legumes like beds at least 1 meter wide. Beds for climbing beans, tall spreading tomatoes, cucumbers or melons can be made 60 cm each.

You should also take into account the mutual love or dislike of cultures.

• Rhubarb, sorrel, perennial onions and horseradish are recommended to be planted separately from the general array.
• A variety of greens, such as dill, parsley, spinach, arugula and other salads, will find their place between the main beds.
• Cabbage does not tolerate neighborhood with tomatoes, strawberries, onions or potatoes. Onions are negatively related to legumes or turnips. Cucumbers do not need to be combined with tomatoes, rhubarb or carrots.
• If we talk about a favorable combination, then legumes, corn and sorrel get along well with zucchini. Tomatoes like to grow next to parsley, beans, carrots or onions.

Important: do not forget about crop rotation.
Related plants should not be planted in one place for more than 3 years, after which redevelopment should be carried out.
Otherwise, land depletion may occur.

The video in this article reveals some of the secrets of landscape design and do-it-yourself garden planning.

Conclusion

The layout of the garden and vegetable garden on 15 acres belongs to the category of layout of large areas. Unlike miniature 6 acres, there is already room for creative thought to roam here. But we do not advise you to neglect the above recommendations, it can take a lot of time to correct errors.