What is an electromagnetic lock of a variety and a device, how to install it on a door. Wiring diagram for an electromagnetic lock on the front door

Everyone wants to live comfortably and safely in their home. To ensure these conditions, many resort to the use of various technical means. Of particular importance is the choice of the castle. Today on the market you can find a large assortment such products: mechanical, double-sided coded, electromagnetic, electromechanical and other locks. The scheme for connecting an electromechanical lock to the gate is described in detail in the instructions attached to the device, so there will be no particular difficulty in installing it.

Electromechanical mechanism on the gate

Choosing a lock for the gate and completing the device

There are certain criteria that an electric lock must meet. In order for the device to last as long as possible, it must meet the following requirements:

• The design of the lock should be unpretentious, but reliable.
• The product must withstand temperature extremes (from -40 to +50 degrees).
• The lock can be attached to the wicket profile.
• The body is made of stainless steel.

For private households, most the best option considered an electromechanical mechanism that is installed on the gate, together with an intercom. This allows you to open the gate remotely. By installing a video intercom on the gate, the owner does not need to go to the exit to find out who has come to him. It is enough to see the image on the panel of the device located inside the house.

Intercom equipment

As a rule, the kit consists of the following elements:

• call panel;
• intercom monitor connected inside the house;
• power unit;
• set of keys and lock;
• a box in which the power supply will be built;
• video camera;
• wires;
• instructions that indicate step by step plan device installation.

Scheme for self connection intercom

The convenience of an electromechanical device lies in the fact that it can be opened in several ways:

• remotely by pressing a button located on the body of the intercom part of the intercom;
• from the side of the site, using an electronic or mechanical button;
• from the outside of the site, using a card, a mechanical key or entering a code.

Intercom system installation sequence

"How to connect electromechanical lock on the gate? - this question worries many owners country houses. This device is very convenient to use, it provides security by preventing intrusion. uninvited guests on the private territory. To open the gate with such a lock, just press a special button on the intercom.

The device installation process looks something like this:

• The call panel is installed on outside gates. She feeds on electrical circuit and transmits the video and audio signal to the video intercom monitor using a coaxial cable.
• The monitor of the device is installed inside the house and is also connected to the mains with a voltage of 220V.
• The lock is fixed on a metal or wooden gate and connected through the calling panel to the power supply.
• A power supply unit is installed in the room, which is connected to the electromechanical lock on one side, and to the mains on the other. If the distance between the power supply and the lock is less than 20 m, take a wire 2x0.5 mm 2. In other cases, you need to use a cable with a large cross section, for example 2x1.5 mm 2.

The design of the lock makes it possible to open the mechanism in case there is no power supply.

Scheme for fixing the lock and its further connection

Tools and Consumables

To connect electromagnetic lock on the gate (the connection diagram is provided in the photo above), you will need the following tools and consumables:

• cable;
• clamps for mounting and insulating means;
• wire;
• pliers;
• screwdrivers;
• wrenches;
• drill;
• Bulgarian;
• drill.

Installation

The main problem is that most people do not know how to connect the electric lock on the gate. In fact, it is not as difficult as it seems at first glance. The instructions for the product describe in detail the process of installing the lock, as well as the scheme for connecting the intercom to the gate.

Starting installation, you need to carefully study the sequence of actions. In order not to spoil the electromechanical lock, you must follow the instructions exactly.

Sequencing:

1. 1. The electric lock mechanism must be installed on the gate. To do this, the lock is applied to the surface where it will be fixed, and a marker is applied with a marker for drilling holes.
   2. Drilling holes with a drill right size, and fasteners secure the lock.
   3. To install an internal type lock, it is necessary to make a notch in the gate suitable diameter. To do this, you need a grinder.
   4. A hole is drilled for the lock bolt. The reciprocal bar is fixed with screws. It is very important that it is located clearly opposite the castle.

Cable connection

If the kit does not include a cable for connection, you will have to buy it separately. It is necessary to select a combined wire. This will allow you to connect to both the power supply system and the intercom video system. The passport attached to the lock should indicate which brand of cable should be used. To determine the required footage, you need to independently, by making measurements.

It is best to lay the wire from the gate to the house, in the shortest way. Indoor and outdoor devices are connected in several ways: over the air or underground.

If it is necessary to pull the wire through the air, a tensioner should be used. Suitable for this steel wire. Such a measure is necessary to prevent wire breakage during icing and strong gusts of wind.

Laying the wire in a metal hose with PVC insulation

For laying the cable underground, use a plastic corrugation, galvanized or insulated metal hose.

The height at which the lock should be placed, as well as detailed diagram connection of the device is indicated in the product data sheet.

Scheme for commissioning an electromagnetic lock with a controller

This device is most often used in entrances multi-storey buildings, offices, industrial facilities and large stores. Although some owners of country houses also use an electromagnetic lock.

The principle of operation of the device is as follows: current is supplied to an electromagnetic coil, during which a magnetic field is formed. The plate attached to the door is attracted and held by the force of the magnet. Switching off and supplying current to the coil is provided by the controller. You can open the door with a special card and a code key.

Connecting such a device is not difficult. The lock is installed on the door, and the controller is placed in a special box not far from it. The connection diagram is shown in the photo.

Electric connection diagram magnetic lock with controller

The main contact of the call panel is connected to the "exit" button. During the operation of the device, the controller determines the operation of the relay, after which it gives a signal to break the electromagnetic circuit, and the doors open.

Usually they attach instructions to their products, which shows the connection diagram of the magnetic lock. Now such devices are very popular, they are installed in entrances, offices, industrial enterprises, private houses. The lock can be used with an intercom and even without it, which will reduce the cost of the circuit and simplify the connection of the lock.

Choosing an electromagnetic lock

To choose a suitable lock, you need to know the operating conditions of the device, take into account the requirements for security and design. Categories of locks:

locks are divided according to the holding force, the range is from 100 to 1000 kg. To open light door you need to choose an option with a holding force of up to 150 kg. For a heavy metal door, a reinforced model that can withstand up to a ton is suitable;

the body of the product must ensure the safety of the magnet, so it is better to choose nickel or galvanized models;

decide on operating temperature products, different for internal and external doors.

Also, magnetic locks are divided into devices for one-sided opening and two-sided opening:

Magnetic locks with one-sided opening are used in enterprises where the constant presence of workers is required. In this case, the operator receiving the intercom call decides whether to let the visitor in. This magnetic lock connection scheme is the most reliable, the lock and intercom are separate elements of this scheme.

The variant with double-sided opening is used if it is necessary to open the door with a magnetic key or a contactless card. In this case, it is necessary to use a controller that contains the codes of cards or keys in memory. AT recent times It is convenient to use a universal controller. It is placed in a sealed junction box near the door itself, the call panel contact is connected to the exit button. The contact closure is considered by the controller as pressing the open button. This magnetic lock connection scheme requires professional installation skills, as incorrect connection may damage the lock system.

Connecting a magnetic lock

The installation of the mechanical part of the device is carried out as the installation of a conventional lock. Difficulty can cause the laying of power wires and connection to the control system. To install a magnetic lock, you must:

study the instructions for installation and connection;

install the mechanical part of the lock;

install reader and exit button.

The magnetic lock connection scheme provides for placing the reader closer to the lock, and the exit button on the door frame. Experts recommend hiding the wires of the reader with high quality.

study the procedure for connecting the lock to the controller;

lay the cable from the lock to the controller;

mount all the elements of the circuit, the power contacts must be connected last to avoid short circuit;

connect the mechanism to the power supply;

with the lock disconnected from the power supply, install the controller and reconnect the power supply;

adjust the electromagnetic lock.

When connecting magnetic locks, the following features should be taken into account:

the controller must be placed in a bag in advance so that moisture does not get on it;

after installing the lock, you need to check the condition of the plate and check the strength of the lock plates;

if the controller is designed as a separate device, you need to make a master key for encoding user cards.

A magnetic lock is an easy way to make your home or office an impenetrable fortress. It can be installed on entrance doors, interior doors, cabinet doors. Mechanisms can work without repair two hundred thousand cycles. If you want to install the mechanism at home, the magnetic lock connection diagram will help you complete the installation without errors, and if you do not have experience in performing such work, please contact our organization.

The electromagnetic door lock is a reliable locking device, which is compact, high security, long service life and easy operation. The device works due to the occurrence of an electromagnetic field that attracts a metal plate. To open the door, it is necessary to send a signal to the sensor, which will open the electrical circuit.

What is included in the lock

To install an electromagnetic lock without the help of specialists, you will need to purchase not only the locking device itself, but also additional mechanisms, without which the lock will not work correctly. The complete lock set consists of:

• the lock itself, which is sold with a reciprocal metal bar and wires for connecting the locking mechanism to a power source;
• controller required to control the device. Everything is connected through the controller individual elements castle;
• reader information required for opening. The lock can be opened after dialing a secret number combination ( code lock) or using electronic key(keychain, cards, etc.). Depending on the type of device, the necessary reader (code panel) is selected;
• set of keys. In most cases, 6 keys are supplied and one key previously programmed for a specific opening frequency. All additional lock opening devices can be recoded from the main key;
• exit buttons. It is located indoors and is installed to facilitate exit from the building without affecting the lock with keys;
• power supply with additional batteries. Nutrition electromagnetic lock carried out from electrical network with voltage 220V. Additional block power supply is necessary for the correct operation of the lock in the event of a power outage for any reason, required to hold the lock in the closed position;
• additional electrical wires for connecting all elements of the lock.

Additionally, the electromagnetic lock device can be equipped with:

• closer, which will smoothly close the door. This helps to reduce the wear of the lock parts and, as a result, extend the service life of the device. In most cases, the closer is installed on the front doors;

• intercom or video intercom (used for locks installed on entrance doors).

The complete set of the electromagnetic lock depends on the need for uninterrupted power supply and additional devices.

Installation of an electromagnetic lock

A set of tools for work

To install the electromagnetic lock on your own, you will need the following tools:

• pencil, marker or other marking device;
• drill. The tool is required for drilling holes for mounting bolts and arranging a niche in case of installing a mortise lock;
• screwdriver (screwdriver);
• hammer, chisel. Tools are required to install the mortise locking device.

Lock installation

Installation of an electromagnetic lock begins with marking on door leaf at the insertion point of the device. For this:

1. the door leaf stands;
2. at the place where the lock is inserted (it is recommended to install locks at a distance of 1 m from the floor), an area for installing the device is marked;
3. places for future fastenings are marked.

For marking, you can use a previously prepared lock pattern. This method gives greater clarity and virtually eliminates errors. You can also apply markings by attaching the lock body to the door leaf.

Marking is also necessary for installing a padlock. In this case, only the locations for the mounting bolts need to be marked.

Further installation looks like this:

1. necessary holes are drilled along the marking lines;
2. a niche is formed at the insertion point of the device. In a wooden door, a niche can be made with a chisel and a hammer. The installation of mortise locks on mainly occurs at the stage of its manufacture. To embed the lock into a door made of metal after its installation, it will be necessary to partially remove the inner lining;
3. the lock body is installed inside the niche and secured with fixing bolts;
4. the reciprocal bar is installed in the same way.

You can learn more about how to embed a lock with your own hands by watching the video below.

Installation of additional equipment

At the next stage, indoors are mounted:

• controller;
• exit button;
• power unit.

Outside the room, a reader is installed to open the door.

All additional devices are installed on the walls located next to the door. Installation of system elements on the door leaf is not allowed, as they greatly increase the weight of the structure.

For installation additional equipment with your own hands you need:

1. perform markup in the selected area;
2. drill holes for fasteners;
3. install and fix each device.

Connecting an electromagnetic lock

Now let's look at how to connect an electromagnetic lock yourself. This will require basic knowledge of working with electricity and the instructions that came with the device.

If the instructions are not included with the lock, then you can contact the manufacturer of the locking mechanism or find the wiring diagram yourself specific model lock over the internet.

General scheme connection of the electromagnetic lock is shown in the following figure.

The main element in the operation of the electromagnetic lock is the controller. It is to him that you need to connect all the remaining equipment. The electromagnetic lock is connected by insulated two-wire wires with a cross section of at least 0.5 mm.

Connecting wires can be placed inside the wall or “hidden” in a special corrugated hose that does not spoil the design of the room.

Connection of an intercom with an electromagnetic lock is also carried out through the controller. For this, a 4-core wire is used, since in addition to power, the device must transmit sound and video.

To connect a video intercom, you will need:

1. connect the device to the communication panel located outside the premises. Usually the panel is installed next to the reader;
2. connect power to the intercom from the controller;
3. make an additional connection of the controller with the lock so that you can open the locking mechanism through the video intercom;
4. connect a call panel to the controller.

Electromagnetic lock control

The lock is controlled through a controller that is capable of performing the following set of functions:

• apply power to fix the locking mechanism;
• send a signal to open the lock;
• encode keys and so on.

When connecting the lock for the first time, it is necessary to program all working keys. For this:

• the key made by the master and attached to the lock set is brought to the controller, through which the device is controlled;
• then the controller is switched to the recording mode through the jumper;

• bringing each key to the reader, the remaining devices for opening are programmed;
• the controller is put into operation mode.

After programming the keys, the lock will automatically lock. You can open it with prepared keys.

The electromagnetic lock belongs to the category locking mechanisms with a high degree of protection. Such devices are installed on the entrance doors of apartments, office space, as well as access doors and gates. The last two places of use are complemented by an intercom or video intercom for convenience. The process of installing and connecting the lock requires utmost care and caution.

The locking mechanisms of this group in terms of their reliability, safety class are not much different from mortise or overhead counterparts. Their undoubted advantage is in a minimum of moving metal parts and the impossibility of opening with a master key. The installation process of the electromagnetic lock is detailed in the manufacturer's instructions. But there are a number of nuances to be aware of; in the accompanying documentation general information, which do not take into account the specifics of the installation of the product in a particular place.

Varieties and features of the work of EMS

The principle of operation is based on the fact that when voltage is applied to the lock winding, it attracts a metal plate made of a material characterized by magnetic properties (or draws in an anchor). Therefore, it is only necessary to fix the electrical part of the system on a solid surface (door frame), and on the canvas - a fragment of special steel (make a cutout), and you can securely close the opening. Passage is possible only with a short-term power outage; the force of attraction is so great that even with the help of improvised tools (taking into account the density of its fit) it will not be possible to squeeze the sash.

EMZ are divided into two groups. Installing an electromagnetic lock on a door, depending on which of them the product belongs to, has a number of differences. What is the difference?

Sliding locks

As a rule, devices of the mortise type. They are mainly equipped with gates, gates, doors of premises, the frames of which are steel (corner, profiled pipe). Such locks hold the canvas with a tongue, which is the anchor of the mechanism. When the voltage is turned off, it does not "go" into the case, thereby blocking the opening. Operation occurs only when a button is pressed (from inside the room) or a stitched “pill” is applied from the outside.

The advantage of electromagnetic locks of this group is the absence of restrictions on the material of the leaf. That is, it can be mounted on any door; the main thing is that “soft” doors (for example, plastic ones) have a rigid frame.

The disadvantage is the complexity of the design, since there is a mechanical assembly. And this is the development of a resource, and the probability of failure of individual elements.

Retaining locks

A more common modification of electromagnetic devices, commonly found on the doors of the entrances of high-rise buildings, at the entrances to office, administrative and other buildings. Products small sizes often placed in the aisles inside buildings. For example, if necessary, their zoning according to the principle (“passage only for ....”).

Differ in simplicity, reliability. When current is applied to the magnet winding, the plate, “rigidly” fixed on the canvas, adheres to it so firmly that it cannot be torn off. Maintenance as such is not provided. If there is voltage and there are no breakdowns in the circuit elements (power and control units, connecting wires), then the locking device will work “forever”. Mounting an electromagnetic lock of this group on a door is much simpler - such products are mainly of an overhead type. Therefore, apart from drilling metal, no other technological operations you won't need it with him.

There is only one significant minus - if the steel and the frame of the leaf do not differ in strength, then the door will “lead” during operation. The dimensions of the opening (in height) are slightly reduced (by the width of the electromagnetic lock body).

Mounting order

Feature of the EMZ different modifications- the principle of control (electronic, push-button), the presence / absence and the specifics of connecting sensors - does not apply to the issue of installing products on the door; this is a separate issue.

Installation is carried out strictly according to the manufacturer's instructions. Depending on the modification of the sample, there are separate nuances when attaching and connecting each. But the general algorithm of actions is as follows.

Rim lock installation

Markup. The manufacturer attaches a stencil to each electromagnetic lock. For overhead models, the attachment point is selected in the upper part of the canvas, closer to the porch. So called vertical post a box (jamb), on which a reciprocal plate is attached for traditional "reed" locks (latches, latch). To understand the expediency of this decision, it is enough to recall the “rule of leverage”.

The stencil is applied to the jamb, and when the sash is closed, the position of the lock is determined. With the expectation that the fixed "reciprocal" plate at the same time completely coincides with the magnet and does not interfere with the free movement of the web. Points are marked for the installation of fasteners.

Drilling:

• Under the lock - according to the location of the holes on its body.
• Under the plate - through, and one more for the fixing pin. It prevents it from turning around the axis of the fastener.

Installation of EMZ and plates. The necessary fasteners are supplied with the product. Before fixing the magnetic plate, a special insert (RTI or thick film) is placed under it. Installation without this element is fraught with a quick breakdown of the lock. The "lining" provides shock absorption of the plate, and therefore there is no risk of damage to the magnet when temperature deformations steel sheet.

Installing a sliding lock

The optimal location is in the middle part of the canvas (in height) or at the top, on the edge. The operations performed are almost identical.

Note. If the electromagnetic lock is installed on a plastic, glass door, then, taking into account the narrow frame and the small width of the box, for attaching it constituent parts corners are used.

Connection

The specifics of work depends on the scheme of the magnetic system. But a number of tips will not be superfluous.

• All wiring is done in a hidden way. You need to understand that the main thing here is not the aesthetic side of the issue, but safety. Cables (wires), access to which is free, cut off (thus demagnetizing the lock) is a matter of a couple of minutes.
• Wires only in PVC braid, cross section - at least 0.5.
• An interesting question is their number. It's easy to tell from a diagram. But you need to take into account the maintainability of the system. Since the route will turn out to be hidden (under plaster, panels, wallpaper), it is advisable to lay an additional “line”, that is, + 1 wire.

Everything is quite simple, especially since the installation manual is attached to the product. It only remains to add that electromagnetic overhead locks in some cases should be duplicated with conventional "reed" mechanisms. Otherwise, when the industrial / voltage is turned off, the passage will be open.

One of the most reliable locking mechanisms can be safely called electromagnetic. It is impossible to pick up the key to such a bolt. It differs from standard door locking devices in its durability, compactness, installation and ease of operation. There is no need to make a key hole to open. The principle of operation of a magnetic door lock is based on the occurrence of an electromagnetic field, due to which metal plates are tightly connected. To open the door, it is necessary to send a signal to a special sensor and the circuit will open.

Appearance of the device

Complete set of electromagnetic lock

For self-installation of such an element, you must purchase in advance additional elements to ensure the correct operation of the device. The kit consists of:

• the mechanism itself, complete with a reciprocal steel bar and connecting wires for connecting the power supply;
• controller - through it, control over the device is carried out. Connection of additional devices is made through it. For different models mechanisms, the controller is selected separately.
• signal reading sensor. The door is opened both by entering a digital code, and with an electronic key, which may look like a key fob or credit card. Depending on the unlocking method used, a specific code panel is installed.
• set of keys. It consists of six positions, but one more is added - the main key. Thanks to him, the rest of the keys in the kit are reprogrammed. There are models equipped with only three keys.
• buttons to open the door from the inside without the use of keys. Installed with inside rooms directly next to the door.
• power supply with emergency battery. The electromagnetic lock works from a network of 220 volts. But since there are cases of power outages, an additional battery is needed to secure the home. It is installed indoors, and in the event of a power outage, it automatically supplies power to the device.
• electromagnetic lock is connected and auxiliary elements to the network electrical wires according to connection schemes;
• in addition to the main set, automatic door closers are added. They will extend the life of the mechanism and reduce wear on the elements of the device.

How the lock works

Most users have a question - how is the installation and operation of the electromagnetic lock? Inside is a coil wound on the core. The rest of the place is filled with compound.

Depending on the voltage, the attraction force in the electromagnetic lock changes. The higher it is, the stronger the plates are pressed. But you should not give excessive voltage to the lock, this can lead to overheating of the coil. To prevent this phenomenon, it is necessary to install a current transformer.

In some individual cases, such devices can be repaired, but it all depends on the degree of damage. Since the lock is hollow inside, it will not be difficult to remove the coil. The device can heat up for several reasons. Firstly, due to the magnetization reversal of metal elements, and, secondly, due to eddy currents.

To eliminate such problems, lacquer insulation is installed on the electromagnetic deadbolt. As a result, currents will not occur, and the steel will not be magnetized as much. But all the same, the installation of lacquer insulation will not ensure the complete elimination of the heating effect, therefore, in addition to it, a capacitive capacitor is connected inside in parallel with the coil. When the key is brought to the panel, the direction of the field changes, and the currents die out. The tension in the electromagnetic lock immediately decreases and the door opens.

Installing an electromagnetic lock

Depending on the model of the locking device, there are shear and holding locks. In the first case, the device is cut into the door leaf, since the principle of operation is based on fixing the lock tongue with a magnet. And in the second it is not necessary to do this. Here the magnet holds the opening doors. In this case, these magnetic elements are installed along the perimeter of the doorway.

Before starting the installation of an electromagnetic lock, a marking scheme is made at the installation site.

The main task is to measure the distance from door hinges. To determine the location of the counter plate on the door jamb, the main element of the lock is applied to the door leaf. After that, the stencil of the plate and fasteners is marked.

After the markings are made, a hole is made in the door leaf. For wooden products this is easily done with a hammer and chisel. And for metal doors this is done at the stage of manufacturing the sash. If this did not happen, then in order to cut out a place for an electromagnetic lock, you will have to disassemble part of the door skin.

Connecting an electromagnetic device

At self installation locking device many people ask the question - how to connect an electromagnetic lock? To correctly carry out this procedure, you need at least a little experience with electricity, knowledge of the principle of operation of a magnetic key and instructions for connecting a specific lock model.

Wiring diagram electromagnetic device It has different variants. It all depends on the installation site, the number of connected elements, how many apartments the controller works for.

The controller is the main working element of the electromagnetic mechanism. Through it, the elements of the locking device and the signal from the impact of the key are connected. To connect the controller, a two-wire cable with a minimum cross section of 0.5 mm must be used. The connecting wires of the controller are placed in cable channels, corrugated hoses or walled up in the wall of the room.

In some cases, owners install an intercom on the door. To do this, the controller is equipped with an input for unlocking the locking element by pressing one button. In this case, the electromagnetic mechanism is marked on the diagram according to the connection with the intercom and controller. The castle will often be operated at night or in the dark, so it needs to be indicated against the background of the wall. In this case, it is desirable that the controller has a power terminal LED backlight built into the front panel. This will allow you to use the magnetic key without looking for the device to be read.

Often the magnetic lock circuitry includes a shunt diode. Many do not understand why you need to connect it. In fact, if the circuit is shunted, then the service life of the call panel is extended, the keys and the controller will work without interruptions, and there will be no need to frequently reprogram the keys.

Electromagnetic door lock control

The process of control and management is carried out through the controller, which performs a number of functions:

• power supply for door locking;
• transmitting a signal to open the device with a key;
• key encoding and recoding.

Key sets must be programmed before they can be used after installation. This is done when the lock is connected for the first time. The main key from the kit is attached to the controller through which the mechanism is controlled. After that, the controller is transferred using the jumper to the recording mode.

When the information is recorded from the main key, the keys from the kit are brought to the reader for further programming. When the procedures are completed with all the keys, the controller is switched to the operating mode. Basically, the keys for such products are in the form of a keychain. Also found in the form of magnetic cards or intercom tablets. But such keys are rarely used.