Technology of painting wooden products and surfaces. What paint to paint a wooden house outside Wood coloring

When you are looking to update the look of a piece of wood or completely change it by adding more decorativeness and color, you have two options: use paint or stain and varnish. Most inexpensive types of wood (alder, pine) can be ennobled by giving them the color of precious woods. But not only for the purpose of decoration, painting is used. wooden products. It allows you to protect the surface from various factors: protection from water, from fading under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, from fire and other problems.

The specifics of the choice of material

When choosing the necessary material for wood processing, first, you need to decide on the purpose of coloring. To update the façade wooden houses or products that will be outdoors, it is necessary to choose compositions that can withstand sudden changes weather conditions.

Rain, baking sun, frost - all this acts destructively on the painted surface if you pick up the wrong material. That is why they give preference to paints, because they are able to give the tree a presentable appearance that will last for a long time.

In turn, enamels or stains that imitate more valuable varieties of wood are distinguished by a transparent structure (which allows you to emphasize the texture of wood), but they are more malleable environment. Therefore, they are best used for products that are inside the building.

Materials for painting wood

When you have decided where the painted product will be used, you can proceed to the choice the right tool. There are several types of materials that allow you to decorate a tree:

1. Varnishes and stains (that is, paints and varnishes) are aimed at protecting the surface from ultraviolet rays. In addition, the stain helps to show the structure of the wood, creating a darker shade;
2. Enamel forms an opaque protective layer that can withstand heavy loads;
3. Paints are created from several components (resin, drying oil, latex may be included), where a pigment and a solvent are necessarily present. Provides protection against abrasion and moisture.

Paint classification

Paints have several varieties:

• acrylic;
• alkyd;
• oil.

Most inexpensive formulations- alkyd. They form a film on the surface of wooden products that repels water, but due to the fact that the paint does not penetrate deep into the pores of the wood, the coating does not last so long. positive trait alkyd compounds - their resistance to frost up to -30.

The classic option is to use . It is cheap, has excellent adhesion and protective properties, but has a number of significant disadvantages:

1. The compositions are made on drying oil, therefore they can create smudges.
2. Complete drying occurs only after a day.
3. They have a strong odor that can stay indoors for up to a week.
4. Completely hide the structure of wood, creating a glossy coating on its surface.

Acrylic compositions are the most successful type of materials. Appreciated this species for environmental friendliness: for people, such paint is convenient because it dries quickly, but does not smell, and at the same time there is a positive feature for wood - they do not block pores, due to which the product “breathes”. There is a large palette of colors, and the paint itself lasts long enough.

Preparatory stage before painting

Before you deal with the technology of painting wooden products, you need to properly prepare them so that the paint lays evenly and holds firmly.

The very first action of the preparatory stage is the stripping of old paint. To remove the layer, you can use a grinder, building hair dryer, which allows you to soften the layer, which is then easily removed, or washing substances containing reagents, which help to quickly separate the paint.

Further, the surface must be degreased - a solvent is applied, which at the same time will wash off the dust and greasy spots. If your product has knots or crevices, it is necessary to treat the surface with putty until even. The third stage involves priming, which will help the paint lay down softly. After applying a thin layer of primer, they are passed through with an abrasive, grinding, and allowed to dry completely.

Painting process

Carpentry work, depending on the choice of material for painting, is carried out by different methods. The technology of applying paint has several secrets to achieve the perfect result:

• buy two types of brush (or roller, if you prefer) - one with a wide surface, at least 60 cm, and an angled one, not wide;
• if the bristles of the brush are too hard, they can be softened by placing them in water and wrinkling their hands before use;
• do not start applying paint from the corner, drops and smudges form there;
• move the brush at an angle of 75 degrees, so you can adjust the pressure;
• not too much paint should be drawn on the brush so that they can distribute it evenly, in a thin layer;
• if, after drying, flaws are found, they are removed with sanding paper, and then a second layer is applied to the entire surface of the product.

The use of paints and varnishes

The staining process is carried out either with a foam rubber swab or with a brush. Apply the composition in one layer, allow to dry and repeat the procedure as many times until the desired texture is achieved. To fix the stain, as well as self-protection of wooden products, paint with varnish in four layers. But before applying the third, the surface must be sanded, then varnish is applied, and the product is dried for several days.

When you choose colors to decorate wooden furniture in the house (shelves, cabinets, armchairs, etc.), please note that latex is not present in the composition. This is due to the fact that the color will be too soft and the layer can easily peel off.

About how you can paint the cabinet with your own hands,.

To make one painting last for a long time, you can use modifiers that are added to the paint - they contribute to the fact that the composition lies more evenly.

Almost all wooden surfaces and interior items need to be painted. On the one hand, this helps to protect them from harmful external influences, and on the other hand, it creates the necessary decorative effect. At first glance, it may seem that there is nothing complicated in this process, and anyone can cope with the task. But do not forget that not only the appearance, but also the duration of the service life of these items depends on how well the painting of wooden products will be done. That is why, long before the start of work, you should study all the nuances and subtleties of the procedure, decide on the choice of coating and consider the technology of staining wood. In this article, we will analyze in detail each stage, from choosing a tool to applying paint.

Characteristics of paints for working with wood

There are three types of paint for woodworking: oil-based, alkyd and acrylic based. When choosing a suitable option, it is necessary to take into account the type of wood to be covered, the conditions, as well as the climate in which the product will be used.

For example, acrylic paint can be used on all types of wood except for varieties with high content resins. Water acts as the basis, due to which the composition does not emit bad smell, dries quickly and is considered an environmentally friendly finishing material. does not clog the pores of the wood, allowing it to retain its natural breathable properties. The coating is very easy to apply, resistant to moisture and low temperatures, and also able to maintain saturated color for a long time.

Painting wooden products with alkyd compounds allows you to reliably protect wood from the harmful effects of moisture. This paint and varnish product is characterized by excellent frost resistance and affordable cost. The components contained in the material form a protective film that repels water. But alkyd paints are not able to penetrate deeply into the wood structure, which is why the coating is very short-lived.

Oil formulations are made on the basis of drying oil, therefore they have a pungent odor and are quite toxic. Such paints are characterized by increased wear resistance, color saturation and the ability to withstand sudden temperature changes. Working with this material is quite difficult, as streaks often form on the surface. Nevertheless, painting wooden products made from resinous wood is most often carried out with this particular tool.

Enamel

The composition of this material is characterized by a high content of film-forming components that perform protective functions. This allows you to use enamel even for outdoor use. It should be noted that this coating has only White color. If necessary, concentrated dyes are used, which are added already to the enamel itself. The white base does not allow you to get bright shades, so the final colors are much paler than the tones indicated in the dye palette. Unlike water-based paints, enamels have a strong unpleasant odor and require regular ventilation of the painted premises.

Also, one should take into account the fact that White paint for wood is not able to hide the structure of the base, therefore it can only be used on flat surfaces that do not have dark defects. In some cases, flaws have to be leveled with putty.

What else do you need to paint wood

The list of necessary tools and accessories includes:

Tool for coloring (brushes, roller, airbrush);

Putty knife;

Gloves;

Respirator;

putty;

Primer;

Depending on the type of surface to be painted, this list may be supplemented.

Brush selection

In order for the painted surface to look beautiful and neat, due attention must be paid to the choice of painting accessories. Properly selected will help to apply the most even and thick layer of coating, which will contribute to the long-term preservation of wood.

For surface treatment with varnish, oil composition or antiseptic, it is better to use brushes with bristles made of natural materials. For water-based paintwork, it is recommended to purchase paint brushes with artificial bristles, because, unlike natural hair, it does not absorb water and does not lose elasticity.

Also, do not forget about the size of the tool. For painting surfaces of a large area, a brush with a width of 150 mm is acquired, for narrow ones 12 mm is enough. For coloring corners and wooden frames brushes with a width of 25 mm are optimally suited, and for work in hard-to-reach places ah better to use wedge-shaped.

Before starting work, the tool is soaked in water for an hour so that the bristle hairs swell, increase in volume and become more elastic.

Preparation of wooden facades for painting

The choice of paint depends on what result the owner wants to get: completely paint over the structure of the tree or leave it visible. In the first variant, acrylic or oil products are used, in the second, colored antiseptics are used, which are varnished after drying.

Painting wooden house outside begins with surface preparation. If the facade is not painted for the first time, all previous layers of paint, putty and primer should be removed. To do this, use a small machine, a special wash or a building hair dryer.

If the old paint adheres well and does not peel off, a new coating can be applied over it, but in this case, the same composition as previously applied should be used. You can determine how the wooden house was painted (outside or inside - it doesn’t matter) by cutting off a small piece of the old coating: acrylic paint will immediately roll up into a roll, and oil paint will quickly wash off.

Fresh wood must be well cleaned of dust. If we are talking about a rounded log, then you need to eliminate all the bumps and smooth out the knots. This task is easy to handle Sander. Next, the walls are treated with an antiseptic primer, focusing on the lower part of the house, which is most exposed to negative impact environment.

Facade painting technology

When the primer is completely dry (a couple of days after processing), you can start painting the facade.

For work it is best to use a brush. The coating is applied in the longitudinal direction, trying to avoid excessively thick layers. Start painting from the very top of the wall to prevent drops from falling onto the already covered area. In the course of work paint needs to be mixed periodically. This allows you to achieve the most even color over the entire surface. Particular attention must be paid to the ends of boards and logs, as they are most in need of reliable protection.

It should also be borne in mind that the quality of the work performed is highly dependent on weather conditions. facade coating paintwork materials should be carried out at an air temperature of at least +5 degrees. Wherein scorching sun will contribute to too rapid drying of the paint, and high humidity will not at all allow the composition to be applied with high quality.

Floor painting

You should immediately focus on the fact that not all coloring compositions are suitable for the floor. In this area, paint specially designed for this purpose is used. Batten subject to rapid wear and tear paintwork should be characterized by maximum strength and resistance to abrasion. The resistance of the material to moisture and ultraviolet radiation is also very important.

For the most part, the technology of painting floors is similar to the process of painting a facade. Here, too, it is important to properly prepare the surface: clean the wood from dust, cover cracks and defects with putty, and eliminate irregularities.

Work begins from the edges of the room. In order not to stain the walls during the painting of the skirting boards, their edges are pasted over with masking tape. Further, paint is applied over the entire area with a roller or a wide brush. The floor surface is covered with a uniform layer so that the wood does not shine through and dark areas do not form. After the paint has dried, it is recommended to re-walk the brush over the entire floor.

This will help to consolidate the result and make the surface more uniform. To make the coating last longer, it can be opened with a layer of protective varnish.

Painting furniture, doors and other decorative elements

Painting of wooden products inside the house is carried out using absolutely any coloring compositions. wooden elements well polished, if necessary puttied, degreased and covered with paint. If we are talking about doors and furniture, then all glass and mirror surfaces are removed or sealed.

Very often, spray paints in spray cans are used for homework. This method is convenient when painting small and hard-to-reach places. The paint is sprayed in an even layer at a distance of 25-30 cm. special attention requires a surface to which white wood paint will be applied. It strongly shows the structure of wood, therefore, in order to achieve a uniform glossy effect, it is necessary to apply an even and thick layer of putty along the entire length of the product.

Using the paint sprayer

To simplify and speed up the process of painting will help special equipment for painting wooden products - an airbrush. Pneumatic spraying allows you to create maximum quality coating. However, using this technology, it is very difficult to apply the paint evenly. Even the most experienced professionals cannot guarantee the absence of sagging, especially at the joints of the boards, where excess mortar is almost always collected.

For this reason, the spray gun is not used when applying transparent compositions, which make such defects very noticeable.

Helmet Spray Technology

The surface to be painted is conditionally divided into zones A, B, C, where sector A is considered the most important area. They start painting it last, when the master gets used to working with a spray tool.

The trigger of the spray gun is pressed exclusively at the edge of the zone, moving in the direction of the wood fibers. It is very important to maintain the same distance between the sprayer and the surface, avoid tilting the tool and move it at the same speed. The trigger is released only when the torch approaches the edge of the area to be painted. The work is inspected in bright light, if defects are found, they are painted over at a faster speed.

How to calculate the required amount of paint

Before the beginning repair work it is very important to calculate correctly right amount paints. When finishing wooden surfaces, it is necessary to take into account such property of the material as the ability to absorb liquid, therefore it is necessary to cover it in 2-3 layers. Manufacturers of coloring compounds indicate on the packaging their approximate consumption per 1 m 2, so all the consumer needs is to correctly calculate the surface area that will be dyed. Average per 1 square meter you need 0.05 liters of funds. Thus, for three times painting 10 m 2, 1.5 liters of paint will be required.

When starting work on painting wooden surfaces, you should listen to the recommendations outlined in this article. This will help to avoid unwanted mistakes and make a high-quality coating that will have a beautiful appearance and extend the life of the product itself.

One of the most popular types of wooden finishing materials is a lining. It has a different profile, so that the surface has different kind- from a smooth wall with small grooves, to waves of different sizes. Just wooden walls they do not fit into all interiors, therefore it often becomes necessary to paint the lining indoors - at home or in the country.

How to process lining inside the house

In general, many people think that it is better not to process the lining inside the premises. Maybe so, but not in every climate and room, it will retain its original appearance for a long time. If the level of ventilation is insufficient, the wood may turn blue; if it is in the sun, it becomes dark gray.

Blueing can only be fought with biological means - chlorine or active oxygen, and then unequivocally impregnated with protective compounds, and maybe even painted. With grayed wood a little easier: removing with sanding upper layer you will get a beautiful color again, but without UV protection, it will also not last long. Therefore, they decide to paint the lining inside the house or cottage.

Another point: not everyone likes wood in the interior. It's just that sometimes people get tired of looking at it. I just want a smooth colored surface. This also happens, and often. In this case, look for opaque paint. Select the characteristic effects as desired.

They paint the lining inside with opaque paints, also because the wood in natural color not compatible with all styles. But sometimes you want high-tech, for example. In this case, paint with metallic particles or with mother-of-pearl (for example, Lignovit Platin) is suitable.

All compositions for protecting wood can be fairly roughly divided into six main groups:

1. Protective compounds. Available for outdoor and internal works. Exterior compositions additionally include UV protection, which prevents or slows down the process of photoaging of wood - discoloration to gray. So if you need impregnation for lining on the balcony, and it goes south or east, you need a composition for outdoor work. Just pay attention, some of them paint the surface in pink or green color is the result of a chemical reaction. Read the description carefully, because it will be possible to paint over the resulting color only with opaque paints or very dark tinting.

   

2. Toning compositions or stains. They do not paint over the texture of wood, but give some shade. At the same time, a film is not created on the surface, the wood does not lose its properties - it remains vapor-permeable. Tinting compositions contain pigment and can be lightly or strongly pigmented. If you want to have a surface with a pronounced wood structure, take a slightly pigmented composition. It may take a lot of layers, but you can control the degree of "shading" of wood.

   

3. Lucky. Today, for lining on walls or ceilings, water-based varnishes or scuba diving are more popular. They can be matte, semi-matte or glossy. Many have the ability to add color - change the color at the same time. Unlike traditional varnishes, water-based varnishes do not close the pores - the film on the surface remains vapor-permeable, but protects against dirt absorption. Many manufacturers add UV filters and bactericidal components. Such coatings are good for balconies or in unheated rooms with periodic visits - in summer cottages and in baths.

   

   The varnish can be glossy, matte or semi-gloss, and can give color - pigmented

4. Paints. This group includes compounds that create a dense film on the surface through which the wood structure is not visible. The group is large, different properties and price range - from traditional oil to latex and acrylate enamel.
5. Oils for wood. Some are transparent, some are pigmented. Unlike varnishes, they do not create a dense film on the surface, but are absorbed into the fibers. good lineups act similarly varnish coating protecting against abrasion and dirt absorption. Only oils do not have a bright glossy sheen - a matte or slightly shiny surface, like silk. This is a great way to save wood. Using a specific application technique with pigmented wood oils, the texture can be accentuated (see below).

   

6. Wax based formulations. There are three types of wax: solid, liquid and water. Hard wax is heated to a liquid state before use, liquid and water (wax azure) are already ready for use. Wax protection is traditional and very effective, and new technologies make the process much easier. The disadvantage of wax is that it is quite difficult to apply evenly, but it fits well on a pre-primed surface.

This division is conditional: there are many mixed compositions that can be attributed to at least two groups. So there are impregnations that can be tinted, and there are paints with protective properties. The difference is in the effectiveness of protection. Impregnations primarily protect the wood, and giving color is a secondary task. With colors it's the other way around. Their main task is to create a beautiful coating, and protection is like a side effect. If you immediately need both good protection and a high-quality coating, take an impregnation without tinting, and after drying, apply paint.

Another example of a mixed composition is oil and wax. These compositions combine the properties of both oils and wax, so that the wood retains its appearance for a longer time.

The question of which group to give preference to, everyone decides for himself. Different means decide various tasks and it is important to choose the right properties that you need in the first place.

How to paint the lining inside: technology

For painting lining in "dry" rooms inside the house, you can use any type of paint. Here you simply determine the requirements for the decorative appearance of the surface. If the lining is dry, you can not impregnate it with protective compounds, or choose paint / varnish / wax with appropriate additives. you can paint it only on one side, leaving back side raw.

If the lining will be used in damp or unheated rooms, on the balcony, you must first soak it well with protective compounds from all sides, you can do it twice. Only after the impregnation has dried can it be painted, varnished, in general, given decorative properties. Another point: when mounting the lining on a wall or ceiling, it has to be cut into pieces. Places of cuts in wet rooms must also be coated with the composition. It is not necessary to wait until it dries, but it is necessary to process.

There is one very important nuance, which many amateur decorators overlook. If you want to get a professional-level lining, you need to process each plank separately: sand, paint, dry, and only then collect the surface from the already painted lining. That is, to mount already fully processed planks on the wall or on the ceiling. Only with this approach, from any point, the surface of the lining will have the same color.

It is difficult to paint the entire surface of the wall upholstered with clapboard.

If you paint an already assembled surface, unpainted places remain in the grooves and recesses, it is difficult to grind large areas. Perfect flat surface definitely not get. The quality of the finish in this version is not above average. It is permissible to paint the finished surface if you are updating the painting. This must be done at different intervals - it depends on the operating conditions and the properties of the paintwork material.

Correctly, the painting technology is as follows.

There can be many layers: it depends on the hiding power of the paint and on what effect you want to get. But in any case, the rule remains the same: there should be little composition on the brush. The exception is impregnations or primers. They are applied with a well-moistened brush, but only those that are without pigment. When applying pigmented protective compounds paint rules apply - minimum required amount the composition is well shaded.

Sometimes, even with careful rubbing of the paint, spots are clearly visible. This is not a bad paint, but the properties of wood: somewhere the pores absorb better, somewhere worse. In order to achieve an even color in this case, the surface is first primed. You can use any primer on wood or a colorless matte varnish (you can water-based). After drying, the surface is sanded (yeah, again) and then the required number of layers of paint is applied. Only in this case, after the first layer of coatings, grinding is rarely required, and if necessary, then in some places, more often - on a spike or groove.

How to evenly apply azure, oil or wax, see the video.

If furniture quality of painting is needed, there are even more layers: first, a stain is applied, then two layers of primer. After drying, it is polished to a completely dull surface, first with a grain of 280, then 320, after removing the dust, a finishing layer is applied - varnish. An example of such work in the video.

Painting wood while preserving texture

A pronounced woody pattern can be achieved using azure, pigmented oil or wax. These compositions lie quite tightly, almost painting over the structure of wood fibers. Any of the compositions described above can be applied by brush or roller.

At applying coatings they take quite a bit, first applying fragments along the entire length of the lining. Then, with a brush or roller, the applied strokes are shaded over the entire surface. Leaving them to soak for 5-10 minutes, to show the texture, take a soft lint-free cloth and remove most oils. As a result, the pattern appears much brighter than in its original state: the grooves retain large quantity pigmented agent, it almost does not remain on the protruding parts. The result is a pronounced texture. This technique is also called brushing or texturing the lining. In interiors, wood treated in this way looks very decorative: both on the walls and on the ceiling.

The process can be seen in the video. Three samples were stained: two with the same oil with a pigment, one with a colorless one. 5 minutes after painting, one of the pigmented blanks was wiped off to develop the pattern. To preserve the wood after the pigment has dried (24 hours or more, read on the package), the lining is covered with two layers of colorless oil (azure, wax). In places of intensive use, it can also be varnished - matte.

How to paint a lining under bleached oak

Often it is required to paint the tree white, but so that the veins are visible. They also say - to create the effect of bleached oak. There are several ways:

It is difficult to say which composition to choose - you need to try. It is advisable to paint the lining with several compositions and compare the result. Effect when used different means slightly different, but still strongly dependent on the wood. The reviews are also very different - someone whitened with tints, someone with oil. Soils are rarely used for these purposes, but mainly due to the fact that not everyone knows their properties.

Secrets of decorative wood staining: techniques and tricks

Residents of cities want to preserve the natural color of wood to the maximum. For those for whom the wood in the house is a boring everyday life, paint the lining inside the premises in some unusual color. Modern coatings allow you to achieve different effects. For example, textured or brushed lining, but in two colors. This technique is often used.

Brushed lining in two colors is an excellent choice for decorating walls

The trick is in applying two layers different color. The first layer is applied some dark color, the second - light or brighter. After playing with colors and the order of their application, you can create your own version. Watch the video - how to get a lining brushed in two colors.

Coloring in two colors may not be the same. You can make recesses of a darker color, and the face (front part) is only slightly tinted or everything is done exactly the opposite. It will turn out a striped wall from the lining - the effect of a lath wall.

How to paint lining inside the house: ideas

Painting techniques and methods are great, but how? Just. There are many interesting options. The latest finds of designers - a wall of lining in a room with smooth walls. Looks creative and interesting. And most often such a wall is made using the technique of brushing.

An interesting effect is given by the combination of different thickness- in the photo, thin boards are inserted between the wide boards. And they are painted different shades one color. The combination is interesting and fresh.

Lining is not necessarily just a flat board with small grooves on one side, which is also called eurolining. There are different profiles, including those with waves and troughs. From them you can collect interesting walls, the relief of which is emphasized by coloring.

Interesting reliefs can be assembled from lining of different profiles. To make it look more interesting - emphasize the reliefs or whiten

As usual in the interior, a lot depends on the light. Several non-standardly designed lamps - long translucent strips behind which lamps are hidden, installed in the middle of the ceiling - and the interior is completely transformed. In this design, you can decorate rooms for young people, creative rooms, etc.

You can play not only with light, but also with color: in the lighting area, paint the lining in a more light color, emphasizing this zone in this way.

If you have good drawing skills, you can paint the lining. Just do not forget to then cover the whole picture with colorless oil or varnish - so that it lasts longer. This approach can be used when

The living room, hallway look great rigidly defined panels from the lining. In the same vein, you can decorate the wall in the dining area in the kitchen. Only its quality and color should be perfect.

The honey shade of the lining is repeated on the ceiling

Deliberately imperfect may be processing for the interior in the style of "rustic". Such rooms with a masculine character.

Rustic style will appeal to men. In this case, painting the lining using the brushing technique is the norm. And the colors are chosen dark

As if in contrast - light walls. The lining is whitewashed, and the beams are painted dark. In spite of traditional materials used for centuries, the look of such a room is modern and stylish.

An excellent combination is light walls with the effect of bleached oak and dark massive beams. It's practically a win-win.

Lining is also used in the decoration of bathrooms. Impregnation here needs to be given maximum attention, but if done at a level, impregnation is protected from moisture, then there should be no problems. And the interior, you see, is very interesting - the warm tones of wood combined with bright marble are a great move.

Used lining and when. Only it is necessary to fill it horizontally - this way you can expand a small space. And they look better in such a small area bright hues, maybe with dark edging.

Ceiling - lining, painted with light stain

Why paint wooden surfaces

Wood is generally very durable material, but do not forget that it was created by nature and strength is naturally maintained in a living plant, respectively, and a cut one needs to be processed to preserve its properties for many years.

To protect wood products from adverse factors such as dampness, drying out, fading and many other environmental influences, it is covered with layers of paint or varnish. Sometimes, for many reasons, untreated wood is used for nobility or to maintain the image in the interior, indoors, this type requires especially careful care and special processing.

Preparing for painting

Primary painting.

Careful preparation is necessary to qualitatively paint wood. First you need to make sure that the product is not wet, otherwise it makes no sense to carry out subsequent actions, the paint will quickly begin to peel off and peel off, and this by itself is not the desired result.

Examine the entire surface for roughness, knots, cracks. If the tree turned out to be not ideal, then achieve a smooth texture with sandpaper, and cover the cracks with wood putty using a spatula. After that, the dried putty is additionally rubbed with sandpaper.

The next step, for a good adhesion of wood to paint, is applying a primer layer of drying oil, if necessary, paint over it twice with an interval of about 12 hours (you can do it in the evening and by lunch the next day). Drying oil is indispensable for wood impregnation natural oils, thereby reducing the next consumption of paint material. After drying, additional sanding may be necessary.

Repainting

The painted surface tends to lose its original aesthetics over time, it burns out, cracks and gives the product an improper look. But thanks to the well-known properties of wood, it can be restored by re-painting. If the old coating is severely cracked, it is advisable to remove it with a special remover. Wipe well and cover the surface with an alkaline primer and, accordingly, paint in the usual way.

What paint to choose or its varieties

Wood treatment products can be divided into paints and wax oils. Paints include nitroenamels, varnishes, various primers.

Oil, enamels, nitro enamels.

Surfaces treated with oil paint are durable and resistant to moisture, inconvenient for long drying and rough texture. Enamels, unlike oil bases, have a more delicate texture, are smooth and easy to apply, mostly dry quickly.

Nitrocellulose matte enamel NTs-257 and acid curing nitroenamel NTs-258 have gained great popularity for wood finishing, forming a silky structure with an ideally smooth surface when coated, and the strength of the protective layer of such paint exceeds all expectations. In addition to all of the above, the paint dries quickly and lays down well, although there is a disadvantage in increased toxicity and susceptibility to rapid fire when in contact with open flames.

Natural and synthetic coatings

Synthetic dyes are obtained in the process of processing petroleum products, because of their stable molecular structure, chlorine and other aggressive substances are added to their composition, so their use is considered not entirely beneficial to health.

Consideration should be given to the use synthetic paints for large areas for interior finishes. During work, even with good ventilation of the room, work in a respirator and try not to paint for a long time, but do it with short breaks and go out into the fresh air (so as not to be poisoned by toxic fumes).

Natural coatings , on the contrary, are made exclusively from natural ingredients, are environmentally friendly, they include minerals, oils, resins. Such paints, although they do not have a large choice in color solutions, are absolutely safe and non-toxic.

Acrylic dyes

Ease of use and a wide choice of colors attract more and more fans to experiment with acrylic mixtures. Creative mood and artistic taste, everything you need to use them, are more suitable for decorating paintings, panels, in a word, material for artists.

Acrylic lacquer on an organic basis is very popular nowadays for covering wooden objects (and not only, it can cover anything), easy to use, non-toxic, fairly resistant and dries very quickly.

Surfaces coated with acrylic dyes have good resistance to fading, do not deteriorate from contact with water (not long-term, of course).

Wax types:

• finished composition - bee wax product mixed with turpentine;
• wax pastes - the mixture is a thick paste produced in tubes or iron cans;
• liquid wax - created for the convenience of processing large areas, such as wood panels, floors;
• wax stains - slightly change the shade of wood, are used to refresh surfaces and hide small scratches and scuffs.

Breed features

There are many species of trees in the world, perhaps the same number of nationalities of mankind, and each of them has its own culture and history, much distinguishes them from each other. Likewise, wood is of different origin and each species requires its own approach.

There are also noble breeds, such as the British or French, or simple breeds, like birches and pines, it’s not difficult to guess who they look like in simplicity (departed from the topic).

So this is what this reasoning led to - before choosing a paint, you need to determine the type of wood, the characteristics of the absorption of coatings, the density by the content of molecules, and so on. For example, a tree with a high content of tannins differs in the coloring of a tree with a looser structure, due to different absorbency.

The type of wood is of great importance in the choice of paint and the choice of processing methods.

• Oak and chestnut are recommended to be impregnated with a special primer for wood before painting in order to prevent the penetration of tannins into the paint layers.
• For outdoor construction (ceilings for roofs, walls), relatively inexpensive species of pine and spruce are used, suitable because of the resinous composition.
• For interior decor apply more valuable breeds to beautiful texture after processing.

Types of staining

Paint should be applied in several stages in thin layers , it is much more effective than covering with one thick layer, firstly, it will look neater and resemble factory high-quality painting, without smudges and bumps. Secondly, when applied to the same area of ​​paint in thin layers, the consumption of paint will decrease due to the consistency. In order to apply thick paint in thin layers, dilution with white spirit or drying oil may be required.

Painting, in addition to its protective function, is also a decorative finish for many wooden products. Often use imitation of valuable and noble breeds wood, staining with coloring solutions in dark tones. They are varnished to maintain a natural structure and add shine and carry an additional protection function, this method is called transparent type of coating . The varnish can be applied by hand, by dipping, by spraying or by pouring.

To opaque views includes staining with nitro enamel, rich in variety color palette, quite well covers the imperfections of the tree, gives a brilliant sheen, prevents harmful atmospheric influences. This is a fairly common type of painting for wooden gables of houses, wooden benches in yards, parks, recently there has been a tendency to paint furniture in this way.

The use of water-based paints spreads indoors, they create an elegant, but durable coating for wooden surfaces. Light colors are usually used pastel shades, they should not be catchy to emphasize some design styles. They are mainly applied by roller, brush or spraying.

The question of what exactly to paint a tree with is not entirely correct in modern life. For thousands of years, people have used wood for their own purposes, in construction, furniture production, jewelry making and much more. And if 30 years ago there were no more than 10 types of wood finishes, now there are hundreds of them.

In this material, our experts have tried to summarize for you the most popular types formulations.

Why do it at all

• Wood is, first of all, a living material and, like any living organism, it lives, ages and dies. If you do not take care of it and do not treat it in time, then these processes will go much faster, especially for wood that is under open sky and experiences the full range of negative weather surprises.
• In addition, this living material is fertile ground for the development various kinds mold and fungus, whole hordes of pests are happy to feast on them.
• Based on the colossal experience of human use of wood, modern science has developed a wide variety of compositions that not only improve the appearance of the material, but also allow the tree to prolong a decent life for decades. Moreover, for each type of wood and the type of its use, they have their own.

The most famous compositions

As mentioned earlier, there are many compositions for wood cladding, and each of them has its own purpose, the same covering and transparent paints- this is not all, because there are also varnishes and impregnations. The question of which tree to process before painting is also very important.

Preparation for staining

• Relatively recently, the entire range of compositions intended to protect the material before dyeing was reduced to one, single position and drying oil reigned here. We would not say that this is wrong, but drying oil is only suitable for oil formulations, and that is desirable for interior work.
• At present, the question of how to impregnate a tree before painting should be approached comprehensively. Because if it is a wardrobe for a bedroom or an item of decoration, then there is enough soil to ensure uniform distribution and a certain savings in the finishing composition.
• It is a completely different question when it is required to clad the facade of a house or garden gazebo. In this case, initially before deep penetration, containing fungicides, pesticides, antibacterial compounds, antifungal additives and many more different additives of this type.
• The next layer is a primer designed for uniform distribution. It can swell or vice versa smooth out the warp fibers. Since wood absorbs paint quite strongly, the use of this primer provides significant savings in the finishing composition. In some cases, this primer can itself be a finishing layer, for example, some types of impregnations.

Tip: you should be careful when choosing soil under coniferous varieties material, they have a very high resin content and preparatory soils can act as solvents or have a lathering function, depending on the desired result.

Compositions based on organic solvents

• In the last century, the question of how to paint a tree on the street was solved simply. If you were interested in the economy option, then oil formulations with the addition of drying oil were used different varieties. If the emphasis was on durability and quality, then they chose between alkyd or nitro enamels.
• Oil paint in its structure is not difficult, with a great desire it is quite possible to cook it yourself at home. The most simple instruction provides for mixing the coloring pigment, fine rubbing, with drying oil. The main characteristics of the quality of such compositions depend on the variety of drying oil and different kind additives are controlled according to GOST 10503-71.
• Oil paints are rightfully considered a durable and sealed coating.. They are resistant to mechanical damage, have a glossy sheen and water-repellent effect. But they are short lived maximum term operation, without loss of quality, is a maximum of 3 - 5 years. Further, the surface loses its luster and cracks. Drying time up to 3 days.

Tip: speed up drying oil coating it is possible with the help of an additive consisting of rosin and metal oxides, vegetable oil or any organic solvent is taken as a solvent.
But you need to add no more than 8%, otherwise the gloss will disappear.

• Among solvent-based paints, alkyd and nitro enamels are now indisputably in the lead.. They have varnish in their composition, so their drying time is much less than that of oil ones. They also form a strong, sealed, glossy film on the surface.
• Due to its durability and good abrasion resistance, alkyd enamels to this day are widely used in coloring wooden floors and window frames. They have a very wide range of colors.
• Most often they can be found in the kitchen or in services, because they are very resistant to wet rooms and have a unique brilliance. When deciding how to paint a tree white, alkyd enamel is most often preferred.

Important: all compounds based on organic solvents have a sharp, unpleasant odor, plus some types of solvents are toxic.
Therefore, when working with them, ensure good ventilation and apply individual means protection.

Water-dispersion paints

• Water-dispersion formulations are a product modern technologies, specifications most of them are an order of magnitude higher than those of alkyd or oil paints. This group includes acrylic, latex, silicone and vinyl paints. All of them are based on various kinds of synthetic resins and polymers.
• Polymerized water is used as a solvent, due to which, during dyeing and drying, these compounds do not emit an unpleasant odor. While the colors are in liquid state they can be easily washed off with warm water. But as soon as the water evaporates and a film forms on the surface, remove without special means, they will be impossible.
• A significant part of these paints does not need antiseptics, since the necessary additives and additives are already present in their composition. Depending on the purpose, they can be glossy, matte or semi-matte. All these coatings have a hydro-barrier effect. wood coated water-dispersion paint, will breathe freely, but at the same time moisture from external environment will not enter it.
• Water-dispersion compositions have the widest palette of colors and excellent hiding power, but along with this, the line of products presented includes transparent and translucent varnishes and impregnations.

The video in this article shows paints for wood.

Let's talk about varnishes and impregnations

AT last years more and more of our compatriots prefer lacquer coating and this is understandable. Repeatedly painted wood, visually not much different from plastic or metal, and modern man, in its stone jungle, you want to be closer to nature.

Transparent and translucent varnishes and impregnations, along with good surface protection, leave the wood with its warmth and natural beauty.

• Briefly speaking about varnishes, they are divided into compositions having a water-dispersion base, one-component and two-component. We have already mentioned the compounds of the water-dispersion group; varnishes here have all the same advantages as paints.
• A group of one-component varnishes contains organic solvents. Therefore, it is produced in ready-made form and can be stored enough long time. After application, they perform a protective rather than aesthetic function.
• Two-component formulations are more common. In addition to the organic solvent itself, these compounds also contain a hardener. Therefore, after application, they form a hard, glossy coating on the surface. Most often they are used to cover furniture, floors and decoration decorations.
• As for impregnations, they are also water-dispersion, alkyd or have an oil-wax base.. Here the main task is to emphasize the natural beauty of the tree, without visually changing its appearance. They penetrate deep into the structure and provide reliable, long-term protection of the array. The maximum that is allowed here is to tint the surface and give it a light,.

The video in this article shows the intricacies of applying varnish.

Conclusion

As you can see, there are plenty of compounds to protect the tree and give it a more noble look. And with such a choice, we advise not so much to look at the price of the composition, but to focus on its characteristics and intended purpose. For example, you should not use yacht varnish for finishing the cabinet, it is designed for other surfaces and the cabinet will not become stronger and more beautiful from this.