What to do in the country in April. Seasonal work in April - video

Fig, fig, fig tree - these are all names of the same plant, which we strongly associate with Mediterranean life. Anyone who has ever tasted fig fruits knows how delicious it is. But, in addition to a delicate sweet taste, they are also very healthy. And here is an interesting detail: it turns out that figs are a completely unpretentious plant. In addition, it can be successfully grown on a plot in middle lane or at home - in a container.

Quite often, even experienced summer residents face difficulties in growing tomato seedlings. For some, all seedlings turn out to be elongated and weak, for others, they suddenly begin to fall and die. The thing is that it is difficult to maintain ideal conditions for growing seedlings in an apartment. Seedlings of any plants need to provide a lot of light, sufficient moisture and optimum temperature. What else do you need to know and observe when growing tomato seedlings in an apartment?

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Spring is coming with increasing speed, in April, gardeners and gardeners will have a lot of work. To help novice gardeners plan these works correctly, this article was written. We hope that it will be of interest to both gardeners, and gardeners, and amateur flower growers.

1. Work in the garden in April.
2. April worries of flower growers.

What work should be done in April in the garden

Your garden: works of the month

April work in the country, start with deep loosening of the soil. At the same time, apply fertilizers under fruit and berry crops: nitrogen, phosphorus-potassium and organic.

Heavily compacted clay areas will have to be dug to a depth of 10-15 cm. If the melt water lingers in the garden and the soil is too wet, dig shallow grooves to drain the water.

In April, dacha subbotniks are traditionally held, and work is carried out to clean up the garbage accumulated over the winter.

Release the boles from the winter strapping, unwind the young trees. Clean trunks and skeletal branches of dead bark. Finish pruning the crowns of fruit trees. Cut out the growth. Cover wounds and large cuts with garden pitch.

Pay attention to berry bushes

Spend in April the final pruning of berry bushes. Pluck out enlarged currant buds inhabited by mites.

In mid-April, blackcurrants are propagated with lignified annual cuttings. A cutting 16-18 cm long is cut at the bottom under the kidney itself, at the top - 1-1.5 cm above the kidney. The cuttings are planted in loose, well-prepared soil, obliquely, leaving 1 bud above the ground. Watering, mulching.

In autumn, young cuttings are cut to a height of 10-15 cm, and in the fall of next year they are planted on permanent place.

Cuttings of red and white currants are cut and planted in early September. Gooseberries are easier to propagate by layering.

Start caring for strawberries by cleaning the plantation from covering materials, last year's leaves, and extra whiskers.

Try to loosen the aisles early to a depth of 4-5 cm, correct the bushes. Strawberries are very responsive to early loosening. Feed strawberries with nitrogen fertilizers.

Spray abiga-peak fungicide (50 g) with the addition of Novosil (2 ml) per 10 liters of water.

Cut raspberries into well-developed buds. Loosen the soil and fertilize with organic matter mixed with complex mineral fertilizers. Mulch the aisles with compost, humus with a layer of 4-5 cm.

Planting seedlings in April

In April, plant fruit trees, if you did not do it in the fall. Choose 1-2-year-old seedlings, with a good root system, the buds should not yet bloom.

Before planting, soak the seedlings to restore the turgor of the root system, make a clay mash. Water abundantly after planting, mulch the hole with organic matter.

Make a crown pruning of the seedling to restore the connection between the roots and the future crown. If there are side branches, cut off one-third of the entire above-ground part to the external kidney.

Shorten the central conductor 20-30 cm above the level of skeletal branches. On a trunk (40-50 cm), blind all the kidneys.

Be sure to treat the garden from diseases and pests in April

Early spring is an important period for protecting the garden from pests and diseases. The apple flower beetle wakes up first - already during the swelling of the kidneys. He is still a little active, cannot fly and climbs into the crown along the stem. To delay him, put trapping belts on the stems, best of all glue.

How to use trap belts

Clean the area of ​​​​the trunk on which the belt is applied from dead bark so that there are no passages for insects under the belt. Make a belt from thick paper or soft cardboard, burlap and spread it with caterpillar glue.

You can make a belt from old cotton wool, loosening it a little: insects get stuck in it. To protect from rain, cover the belt with a polyethylene visor. If there is no caterpillar glue, you can treat the belt with a chemical preparation.

Apply a belt in the middle or upper part of the trunk, or you can put two.

Late with the belt - shake off the pests!

When the buds begin to bloom, it will be too late to impose belts. All wintered beetles will already have time to climb into the crown. It remains only to shake them off on a litter early in the morning, when the air temperature is not higher than 10 degrees.

Before pushing the buds, spend 3-4 shaking. But this is only possible for those gardeners who come to the dacha not only on weekends. The rest will have to apply chemicals protection.

At the beginning of bud break (the “green cone” phase), larvae of aphids, suckers, caterpillars of leafworms, winter moths, cherry moths, weevils, pipeworms and other pests gather on the buds.

Chemical pest and disease control

In April, trees and berry bushes can be sprayed with fufanon or a spark, or kemifos (10 ml per 10 liters of water), or alatar (5 ml). Treat currants against red gall aphids and diseases with kinmix (2.5 ml) + topaz (2 ml).

If the trees in your garden were affected by scab, moniliosis, cluster sporiosis (cherries, plums, apricots), spray very effective at this time with a 3% Bordeaux mixture (300 g blue vitriol+ 400 g of lime per 10 liters of water).

On open leaves, apply only 1 percent Bordeaux mixture. Instead, other fungicides can be used on the leaves - chorus, scoring, gamair, raek.

In the third decade of April, spray raspberries against aphids, moths and other pests with Fufanon (10 ml) with the addition of estrasol (10 ml) or Novosil (3 ml).

In the second decade of April, spray peaches against moniliosis and leaf curl over the “green cone” with abiga-peak (40 g per 10 l of water).

At the end of the month, before flowering, spray pome crops with a biostimulant (Novosil or extrasol) to increase resistance to adverse conditions (frosts, etc.).

To improve the keeping quality of fruits and their resistance to rot, spend foliar top dressing solution of calcium nitrate (50 g) with the addition of extrasol

What work awaits gardeners in April

Vegetable garden: work of the month

Preparing an early harvest

The sooner you start the gardening season, the more you will do in the spring, the richer the harvest you will get. Many summer residents after winter come to the site for the first time in April. Naturally, first of all we examine the beds: like garlic planted late autumn onion sets overwintered.

If for the winter they threw beds with these crops with leaves, grass, we remove everything so that the soil warms up faster, we loosen it, we bring in nitrogen fertilizers(a tablespoon of urea per sq. M).

If there are heads of garlic left at home after the winter, we plant them as early as possible. It does not make sense to store further, and in the ground the teeth will form large single-tooth bulbs that will fit both in the kitchen and for winter landing. We plant in April and onion sets.

We clean the areas where perennials grow from plant debris (batun onion, chives, asparagus, rhubarb), loosen the soil.

We cover the beds with foil

If at the beginning of April it is not warm enough, you can cover the beds with a film or non-woven material on arcs - we will get the first greenery faster. It is better to use a new film: through it the sun will warm the soil faster. But if the old film is still strong, we wash it properly. In warm weather, we remove the shelter.

In April, it is necessary to unwind rhubarb in the garden, we feed it with complex mineral fertilizer for spring application.

If there is a desire to plant a bush, we take divisions from the periphery of the bush. There, the buds are stronger and, therefore, will give life to more productive plants. Yes, and they shoot later.

In the same way, you can do with an overgrown lovage bush.

A weak solution of nitrogen fertilizers can feed sorrel (0.5 teaspoon of urea or ammonium nitrate per sq. m).

If the sorrel grows well, then we do not feed it in order to protect ourselves from nitrates. Leaves that have grown to 10 cm can already be cut or plucked.

If the sorrel bed is more than one year old, in April it's time to sow it in another place - for a replacement. At the beginning of summer, we will harvest leaves from young plants, and dig up the old bed.

Cold-resistant plants should be sown in April

We do not postpone the sowing of other cold-resistant crops for May:

• lettuce
• spinach
• dill
• parsley
• carrots
• parsnips
• chard
• arugula
• Japanese cabbage
• radish

While it is not hot, in the soil moistened with snow and rain water, they are friendlier and will sprout faster.

Polka dots. Don't forget to sow brain peas in April. It’s hard to find a better treat at the beginning of summer than sweet peas for kids. Peas sown in May sprout worse, and finish blooming and fruiting faster.

With sowing seeds for seedlings in beds covered with foil, it is better not to rush. Let the weed seeds germinate first. On beds covered with foil, weeds begin to sprout after 2-3 days. Having dug through the soil, we will significantly facilitate the life of garden plants, which we will sow for seedlings, for early harvest.

Cabbage. In mid-April (weather permitting), we plant seedlings of all kinds of cabbage in the beds - white cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, kohlrabi, Beijing, Brussels sprouts. Lettuce seedlings will not be afraid of temporary cold snaps. In case of a sharp cold snap, these beds can always be found with something to cover.

Asparagus. We plant a bed with asparagus high (by 20-25 cm) with earth or a mixture of earth and compost, humus to get bleached shoots. You can just add humus, compost, sawdust.

We level the surface of the embankment, lightly tamp it down in order to notice the shoots breaking through the soil layer in time. Already in April, you can cook asparagus salad, scrambled eggs or cook soup. Children enjoy eating fresh asparagus shoots, comparing their taste with green peas.

We plant potatoes

We do not postpone the planting of potato tubers. If the weather is warm, you should not wait until the tubers laid out for germination give sprouts and roots at home: it is better to identify them in a permanent place - in the garden.

Small areas of potato can be covered with foil or non-woven material: the potatoes will rise faster. The 1-2 weeks "saved" in the spring will have a positive effect not only on the timing, but also on the quality and quantity of the crop.

Before planting, we discard tubers with rot spots, filamentous sprouts. We do not plant potatoes in the areas that he occupied in previous years, and next to the beds allocated for planting tomatoes.

Sow herbs

At the end of the month, you can sow spicy herbs on the beds:

• basil
• lemon balm
• thyme
• snakehead
• marjoram
• hyssop.

They will take up little space, but they will bring enormous benefits: both to the plants on the site, protecting them from pests, and to us, giving a unique taste and aroma to drinks, meat and fish dishes, marinades and pickles.

After sowing, it is advisable to cover the beds with non-woven material, paper, in order to retain moisture in the soil until germination. We use the film for these purposes only if we visit the country house every day and have the opportunity to remove it in case of a sharp warming.

Our spring is unpredictable, and heat can happen in April: under the film, tender shoots will burn out in a matter of minutes. We can't even find traces of them.

Don't forget about pests

In April, it is already necessary to take measures to protect garden plants. Radish, cabbage, watercress, mustard can harm cruciferous flea. We dust the crops with sifted wood ash, install glue traps. Loosening the soil and the same wood ash will help against the cruciferous fly.

Some summer residents, in order to protect cabbage, radish from pests, grow them under a thin non-woven material on arcs, pressing it tightly to the soil.

We take care of the soil

In an effort to sow and plant faster, let's not forget to walk with a rake through the beds dug up since autumn. If this is not done while the soil is wet, then several times more effort will have to be expended to level the beds, and the beneficial spring moisture will be irretrievably lost.

The soil ready for cultivation does not stick to the rake, but crumbles without forming large lumps. In low, shaded places, we cultivate the soil last, let it dry so as not to compact.

We remove all plant debris from the site left after the last season, and lay it in layers in a compost heap, pouring each layer with soil or humus, compost. If we regularly moisten the pile, the compost will ripen by autumn.

In early April, it is still possible to sow fast-growing green manure (mustard, phacelia) beds set aside for planting seedlings of nightshade crops (tomatoes, peppers, eggplants).

Fight weeds

When preparing the beds for planting, we carefully select the rhizomes of wheatgrass, thistle, field bindweed and other perennial weeds from the soil. In a week we will return to these beds to pull out the weeds that have appeared from the ground.

Couch grass is persistent in its desire to develop all the new beds of the garden, but we will be more persistent than him, and we will wipe out couch grass, thistle without the help of herbicides.

What work should be done in April in greenhouses

In early April, the greenhouse should be ready for planting seedlings of tomatoes or cucumbers. If the greenhouse is film, it is better to cover it with a new film, if it is glass, wash the glass thoroughly. We fertilize the soil with organic matter (up to a bucket of compost or humus) or complex fertilizers for spring application (up to two tablespoons per sq. M).

What to plant in a greenhouse

Radish. Can be sown as a cover crop early varieties radish. Although it is cold-resistant, it will quickly form root crops under the film. We immediately try to sow the seeds at the right distance from each other in order to provide the plants with sufficient illumination and feeding area even without thinning.

After 10-15 cm from each other, we make sowing grooves, spill them with hot water and lay out the seeds after 3-4 cm from each other. If we doubt the quality of the seeds (old, frail in appearance), we sow more often - after 1-2 cm,

If the radish sprouts densely, you will have to thin out, otherwise we will not harvest, but admire the flowering of the radish. The seeding depth is about 1.5 cm.

We do not open the greenhouse until the shoots appear: the warmer, the faster the radish will rise. But after germination, the temperature in the greenhouse will have to be controlled by constant ventilation: otherwise, the radish will develop powerful tops, but frail root crops.

During the formation of root crops for radishes, regular watering is very important: the soil should be constantly moderately moist. Interruptions in watering give rise to defects in root crops: they crack.

Dill, garlic, onion. You can sparsely scatter dill seeds in the greenhouse, plant chives and onions in the aisles of future beds. We will not completely remove these crops from the greenhouse even after cucumbers or tomatoes grow. They will help maintain a healthy microclimate in the greenhouse.

Spinach. good neighbor and predecessors of most vegetable crops is spinach. It can also be sown as a catch crop not only on open beds, but also in the greenhouse. And the sooner the better.

April, with its still not very long daylight hours, is a great time to get vitamin leaves.

To determine the timing of sowing different cultures, use "flowering hints":

• The first crocuses (yellow) have blossomed - you can sow chives, leeks, and after a few days other cold-resistant crops.
• The birch has turned green in the sun - it's time to plant potato tubers for summer consumption, onion sets.
• The flowering of early daffodils will tell you that you can already sow lettuce, plant cabbage seedlings in the beds, sow beets.
• Lilac bloomed wildly - you can early cucumbers sow.
• Buds on peonies formed and became clearly visible, viburnum blossomed - the soil warmed up enough for sowing late cucumbers, corn, melons.

April work of flower growers

Your flower garden: work of the month.

Hot and interesting time for summer residents and gardeners begins with the onset of the first warm days. There is a lot of work in the garden and garden in April, because early spring- the ideal time for preparing beds, sowing seeds and seedlings. The volumes of the future harvest depend on the timely work carried out during this period.

April garden work

With the advent of spring and the retreat of frost, the winter strapping is removed from the trees. After the snow melts, the remains of dry leaves and debris are removed.

Broken, dry and damaged branches of trees and bushes are pruned. If pest eggs are found on a branch, it is best to burn it. Organic fertilizers are applied to near-stem areas of fruit trees and shrubs and the soil is mulched. Raspberries and gooseberries are especially fond of mulch.

Trees can be treated before buds appear iron vitriol at the rate of 1 teaspoon per 100 g of water. This will prevent the formation of lichens on the trunks. Spraying with a solution consisting of 700 g diluted in 10 liters of water will get rid of pests. Spraying is carried out along the branches and trunk, and the near-stem zone is also treated.

Grafting and planting trees

April is a great time for vaccinations. It is performed in any of the usual ways. Grafting cuttings are best prepared in the fall.

If the earth is completely thawed, you can. For this, it is necessary to prepare landing pits, spill them with water, fertilize with humus, plant seedlings and install supports.

Currant, gooseberry, honeysuckle

Bush shoots damaged by glass and powdery mildew, it is necessary to cut and burn, and grease the sections with garden pitch.

At the gooseberry during this period, young shoots are removed from the middle of the bush. Red currants have only old branches, and honeysuckle is simply thinned out.

Strawberry

After the snow has completely melted, you can begin to process the beds with strawberries.

1. Remove unrotted mulch into compost pits, this will speed up the warming of the soil and promote the active growth of strawberries.
2. Loosen the beds and correct their shape.
3. Feed with fertilizer that stimulates the growth of strawberries. This can be done with mullein infusion. Top dressing with a thick decoction of herbs will also be useful for her. Top dressing is applied under the root of the plants, trying to avoid getting fertilizer on strawberry leaves.
4. When the soil is warm enough, mulching is carried out, which prevents premature drying of the beds, protects strawberries from autumn frosts and pests, and also allows you to save the crop from rotting. Material for mulching can be anything: needles, sawdust, dry foliage or straw.
5. For getting early strawberry the bed can be covered with a film or agrofiber fixed on arcs.

How to determine the start of work

The snow has melted, the sun is starting to warm up brighter, but when can you start working in the garden in April? Each region has its own deadlines.

For normal growth and development, each plant needs heat, light, moisture, air and nutrition. Only if all these conditions are met, timely development and growth of plants is possible.

To determine the start garden work many people use folk omens or guided by the movement of sap from birch trees, which directly depend on air and soil temperature.

The phase of the appearance of the first leaves on the trees warns gardeners about the beginning protective measures and treatment of trees with fungicides. It is time to start sowing ornamental and vegetable crops if the black currants have buds.

During this period, it is necessary to prepare the potatoes for planting. Sick, damaged root crops, as well as potatoes with weak sprouts, are discarded, leaving only good medium-sized tubers. You can germinate potatoes in any warm room with a temperature in the range of 10–14 ° C. Sprinkle potatoes in an even layer on the floor or use nets and narrow plastic bags with holes.

Greenhouse preparation

As soon as they allow weather, the greenhouse can be treated with 3% This will help prevent fungal diseases plants. They dig up the earth, humus and ash in the greenhouse. Until the greenhouse has warmed up completely and is not ready for planting the main crops, you can do warm beds on manure for an early harvest. To do this, lay out beds from manure and cover with a film for several days to warm up. Next, holes are formed, the dimensions of which depend on the characteristics of the culture, and a small layer of earth is poured. That's all. You can sow seeds. Early salads, Beijing cabbage or dill will feel great here.

April work in the garden

There is also a lot of garden work in April. It is necessary to make a list of future plantings, depending on the characteristics of the culture, choose appropriate place and schedule planting.

Liming is carried out in April to optimize acidified soils. To do this, use chalk, slaked lime or dolomite flour. Liming is carried out during preparation land plot to landing. Lime, chalk or flour is applied to a depth of 20 cm in accordance with the application rates.

beds

Depending on the terrain, the height of the formation of the beds varies significantly. high beds suitable for cold climates. They contribute to faster warming of the soil and timely ripening of the crop. However, they dry out quickly and require frequent watering. Low beds are suitable for hot, dry climates.

Each vegetable has its own soil temperature for planting. Sowing begins no earlier than the soil has warmed up to 5 ° C to a depth of 10 cm. All cold-resistant crops can be sown in such soil: carrots, chinese cabbage, dill, parsley, radish and others. At the same time, in warm sheltered areas, cabbage can be sown for seedlings.

Radishes and sorrel sprout in the garden as soon as the snow melts. Sow these crops in moist soil, fertilized with organic matter, at any time. Rhubarb and sorrel can be fed in April. To prepare the solution will require 3 tbsp. l of urea and 10 l of water. Instead, you can use manure infusion. If you cover the bed with greens with agrofibre or install arcs and put on a film, it is easy to get early greens as early as early May.

When and in the ground, you can add sawdust and manure. These cultures perfectly tolerate frosts down to -6 ° C.

Beds with winter garlic and onion sets during this period require loosening and removal of last year's mulch.

If compost pit warmed up enough, it can be covered with a small layer of earth and also sown with early greenery. Covered with film, the pit perfectly retains moisture and keeps heat. If the month turned out to be hot, during the day the film can be opened from the sides and the hole left for ventilation. Parsley, lettuce, dill, spinach and even early radish will feel great in such conditions.

Let's take care of flowers

With the retreat of winter cold and frost, flowers are removed winter shelter, perennials and bulbous feed. This will require 1 tsp. per 1 m² flower bed. When feeding daffodils and hyacinths, you can add 1 tsp. and ½ tsp. potassium sulfate.

As soon as the soil dries up, last year's garbage, dry grass and last year's mulch are removed from the flower garden.

begonias

In early April, begonia tubers are taken out, sick and weak are culled. Healthy tubers can be treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate to prevent diseases. It is better to divide large tubers into several parts, and powder the slices with crushed charcoal.

Clematis

In April, clematis can be fed organic fertilizers. On the surrounding plot of land, deep loosening of the soil is carried out, and at the end of April it can be mulched. Mulching will save the roots from unwanted overheating and replace loosening. After watering, the mulch perfectly retains moisture and prevents the soil from drying out. An excellent mulch for clematis is a mixture of rotted manure and peat. IN winter period mulch protects the roots of clematis from freezing.

roses

With the onset of warm days, the shelter of roses is gradually removed. To speed up the thawing of the earth, it is better to remove last year's mulch and loosen the dried soil around the bushes. Stagnation of water during this period can adversely affect the development of roses, so it is worth laying drainage grooves.

To strengthen frozen roses and activate development, any biostimulants can be used during this period. To prevent fungal diseases, roses are treated with one percent Bordeaux liquid.

Before bud break, roses are pruned. Timely pruning promotes rejuvenation of bushes and lush flowering of roses. Cut out dry, frozen, blackened and broken parts. Up to five strong, healthy shoots are left on one bush.

Pruning roses in spring

During this period, roses can be fertilized with a composition consisting of 3 g of ammonium nitrate, 5 g of superphosphate, and 2 g of potassium salt per bush. After a week, the rose can be fed with organic matter. To prevent diseases, the bushes are treated with fungicides. After warming up, the soil around the roses is mulched with straw.

Bulbous

Bulbs are fed as soon as the first sprouts appear above the ground. The dried soil around the bulbs is carefully loosened.

At the end of April, germinated gladioli bulbs can be planted, aged in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Large bulbs can be divided into several parts, and the cut can be treated with coal powder.

Lawns

In April, lawns are cleared of last year's dry grass. If in places lawn grass frozen, carry out overseeding. To do this, the soil is dug up, spilled, leveled with a rake and grass seeds are sown.

Annuals

In April, annuals are sown on seedlings, placing it in a warm room. On warm windless days, seedlings can be taken out for hardening, protecting them from direct sunlight.

Lots of necessary work in the garden and garden in April, no one will be bored. The timeliness of the work, taking into account weather phenomena and terrain features, will allow you to harvest an impressive harvest in the fall.

Calendar of work in the garden and in the garden in April.

Work in the country in April. What needs to be done in the garden and in the garden in April. Everything you need to do in the country in April.

The list of works in the garden and in the garden for April

1. April is a responsible month. First of all, you need to drain excess water from the site. To do this, dig grooves along the slope of the site so that water flows into the ditch. If there is no slope on the site, then simply dig a shallow groove, gradually deepening it so that the water flows in the direction you need. Especially dangerous is the stagnation of water on raspberries, strawberries and clematis.

2. At the beginning of the month, it is necessary to remove the spruce branches from young plantings of strawberries, roses, irises, clematis, lilies, especially with oriental hybrids, because under a warm shelter they will quickly grow and their flower bud may freeze during return frosts. However, do not rush to remove the boxes of roses and clematis.

3. Feed with nitrogen fertilizer (3 tablespoons of urea per 10 liters of water) lovage, rhubarb, sorrel, raspberries. Instead of urea, you can use an infusion of manure or bird droppings, diluted with water 1:10 or 1:20, respectively. If at the same time you cover these landings with lutrasil or put arcs over them and stretch the film, then by May 1 you will already have greenery.

4. If compost heap located in the sun, then you can sow early greens (chervil, watercress, cilantro, parsley, lettuce, spinach, dill) and early carrots, as well as radishes. To do this, spill last year's pile of compost with hot water, pour a layer of soil about 7-8 cm high on top of the compost and sow the seeds. I usually do it this way: I mix 1 teaspoon of seeds with half a glass of sand and sow in the furrows as I salt food.

You can use special seeders, in which the opening is adjusted according to the size of the seeds. In this case, the seedlings will not thicken.

From above, crops can be covered with a film until shoots appear. Heat and moisture are retained under the film, and crops appear faster. After the emergence of shoots, the film must be removed, otherwise the shoots may burn under the film. If you cover the crops with lutrasil or spunbond, then the covering material can not be removed until the plants grow up, but before germination, the crops should be watered directly over the material if the weather is dry or windy so that the hatched seeds do not dry out in the upper drying layer of soil.

5. At the beginning of the month, pre-grow vegetable beds weeds, covering the beds with an old film and fixing it so that the wind does not blow it away. Weeds will quickly sprout under the film, so as soon as they appear, remove the film and loosen the beds, leaving them open for a day. Then cover again with foil and repeat the operation. Now in top layer there are no weeds in the garden. It is important not to dig up the soil, but only loosen it with a Fokin flat cutter before sowing, then sharp end flat cutter to make furrows for sowing. Sowing in open ground all of the above crops can be produced at the time of flowering coltsfoot, that is, in late April-early May.

6. leaf parsley greens and bush dill can be sown in early April. In mid-April, you can sow marigolds, marigolds, zinnia for seedlings.

7. At home, water the seedlings of tomatoes and peppers moderately so as not to overmoisten the soil. Do not forget that seedlings need good lighting. As a top dressing, I use a weak Uniflora-growth solution (1 teaspoon per 5 liters of water), with which I water the seedlings instead of water. Do not forget to spray the leaves of tomatoes and eggplants with a very weak solution of a copper preparation (the easiest way is to use chlorine copper oxide - HOM, dissolving one fifth of a teaspoon of powder in 5 liters of water). The solution can stand, you will use it two more times approximately every two weeks. This is good preventive measure against phytophthora. But the often recommended spraying with a solution of manganese can be omitted, since it does not save from late blight, and other diseases rarely appear on tomato seedlings. Pepper can be sprayed with a solution of potassium permanganate, especially if it is annoyed by aphids.

Peppers are difficult to protect from aphids if there are indoor plants in the same room where the seedlings grow. It helps very well against aphids by spraying any plants and at any time with a solution of the drug " healthy garden"(4-5 grains per 1 liter of water).

8. It's time to take the potatoes out of storage, lower them into hot (45 degrees) water.

When the water has cooled, add potassium permanganate to a bright pink color and hold the tubers in the solution for 15-20 minutes. Then wash the tubers, dry them and lay them out for vernalization in a bright and cool place.

At the end of April, put the potatoes in cardboard boxes, layering each layer with newspapers, put the boxes in a warm place so that the potatoes give good strong sprouts. You will plant grown tubers, thereby accelerating the ripening of the crop by two weeks.

9. If you have not done the pruning, then at the very beginning of the month it can still be done. Start with blackcurrant bushes, gooseberries and honeysuckle.

Cut off the black ends of the branches, rejuvenate the bushes by cutting out the old branches. At the gooseberry, all young shoots growing in the middle of the bush should be cut out, only those that grow along the edges of the bush should be left.

In red and white currants, the tops of the branches are not cut off, but only the old branches and those branches that branch into the crown are removed. In honeysuckle, pruning thickens the crown or broken branches.

10. Do not rush to cut cherries and plums, wait until freezing after wintering becomes clearly visible, and even better, leave their pruning for the fall. The same applies to apple trees. After a harsh winter, the ends of the branches could freeze, but some of the branches will be able to recover from the buds on the bark, so do not rush to cut the branches, leave the pruning for the end of summer. Frozen wood has a light brown color on the cut. Start pruning from the end of the branch and, gradually moving from the end to the skeletal branches, you will get to the place where the cut is light - from this place the tree tissue is alive and there is no need to cut further.

11. To get early strawberries, cover at least one bed with a film on arcs or double thin lutrasil directly over the bushes.

12. Toward the end of the month, those plants in which the scales of the buds have moved apart and a green cone of leaves have appeared should be sprayed, since the first pests lay their eggs at this very moment in the green cone of the leaf. It is better to use an infusion or decoction of strong-smelling herbs (such as tansy, garlic, or citrus peels) to disorientate pests.

13. April - good time for vaccinations. In early April, you can cut off the cuttings for vaccination, wrap them in a newspaper, put them in a plastic bag and dig them into the snow on the north side of the house, but so that they are not flooded with melt water. At the end of the month, these cuttings can be used for grafting.

14. At the end of the month, sow seeds of annuals and perennials that are not afraid of frost (poppy, escholcia, cosmea, cornflowers, iberis, catchment, forget-me-nots, marigolds) directly into the ground in place. Other flowers can also be sown directly into the ground, even such as tobacco or petunia, but their crops should be covered with a film stretched over small arcs. Arcs are easy to make yourself from willow twigs, from which you should immediately remove the bark. Willow grows along ditches.

15. At the end of the month, you can remove the shelter from all ornamental plants except for clematis. It is better to cover their growing shoots with at least lutrasil.

No wonder they say that April begins with snow and ends with greenery. Time flies by so fast that you can't do all the work.

Planting calendar for April

• April 15–17. You can plant beets for seedlings. This is done very simply: in a box with earth, we draw grooves every 5 centimeters, moisten them, lay out the seeds, water them lightly and cover them with dry soil. We put the box in a greenhouse or cover it with a film.
• April 20–21. Good days for planting pumpkin crops for seedlings (cucumbers, zucchini, pumpkins). In a warm greenhouse, you can also plant watercress, spinach, Beijing cabbage and cold-resistant annuals (hodetium, calendula, nasturtium, cosmea) for seedlings.
• April 23–25. You can also plant pumpkins, zucchini, squash, undersized tomatoes and peppers.
• April 28–30. Cold-resistant annuals are planted immediately in open ground. These days, you can transplant seedlings of any fruit trees, berry bushes, perennial flowers.
• In the end of April parsley, turnips, carrots, lettuce, radishes, dill, onion sets are sown in open ground.

Works in the garden

The snow is melting - the work is in full swing.

Where the soil was not limed in autumn, but the acidity of the soil is increased, if necessary, we carry out this event in early spring (at least 2 weeks before planting, the laying rate is 4 times less than during autumn application).

In April, even the driest country cottage area does not suffer from a lack of moisture, to say nothing of the traditionally low places. It's not enough to just put on rubber boots. Bulbous and perennials, the lawn is covered with moss and algae, rots root system trees and shrubs.

The situation is aggravated clay soils. Constant stagnant water and, as a result, poor air exchange contribute to the development of many fungal diseases. As a matter of urgency, dig open drainage ditches outside the property.

The amount of moisture in the soil is well reduced by the periodic pumping out by a pump (ordinary watering or drainage) of water from a pond or drainage well available on the site with the jet discharged into a drainage ditch. But do not overdo it, often this measure is really necessary only for heavily wetlands, as well as areas with increased level ground water.

Digging the earth and cutting the ridges should not be done immediately after the snow melts. Wet soil will stick to the shovel or cultivator discs, in addition, tilled soil can dry out while waiting for the right temperature for sowing and planting crops.

How to check the readiness of the soil for digging and planting? The soil is ripe if a handful of earth from a depth of 8 cm, squeezed in the palm of your hand and thrown to the ground, does not break up into lumps.

The root system of some perennials tends to bulge out of the ground after winter and become bare. This adversely affects the development of the plant and can even kill it. Bushes of geyhera, high primrose, horned violets, and pinnate carnations often suffer. Inspect them, and if necessary spud with soil.

The soil in the flower beds that has barely dried up after the snow has melted must be deeply loosened with a hand cultivator and mulched to give air to the roots and retain moisture in the soil. Early loosening, removal of dried leaves, weeding and mulching with sawdust are good for strawberry plantations. Use a weeding shovel to remove hard-to-reach and brittle long roots of weeds such as dandelion.

With the onset of warm weather and after the soil has completely thawed, feed the plants. It is good to combine top dressing with mineral fertilizers by adding to the root system of compost soil.

Vegetables and greens

• Shavel, onion and other perennial vegetable crops clean from shelter, fertilize. At this time, nitrogen fertilizers are applied in minimal quantities (about a teaspoon of saltpeter per square meter) do not fertilize with phosphorus at all. perennial bow It would be nice to feed the mullein infusion. If, after loosening, throw a film on top or nonwoven fabric, the first harvest will be removed at least a week earlier.
• Winter garlic. Plantings are fertilized with diluted slurry, to which potassium salt and superphosphate are added. Carry out loosening in the aisles. As soon as the soil allows - plant summer garlic.
• Parsnips, carrots, parsley. They are planted among the first - upon reaching average daily temperature marks +5°C. At this time, coltsfoot usually blooms.
• Green crops. Spinach is also planted early, salad mustard, Chinese cabbage. They tolerate small frosts well, grow quickly and are extremely useful. Watering warm water(30–35°C) of overwintered chives, lovage and celery bushes will reduce the time for young greens to be ready for cutting.
• Potato. It is still far from planting potatoes, first you need to prepare the ridges and germinate the seed material. The tubers for germination are laid out in boxes and placed in a bright, but not too warm room. In a city apartment a small amount of tubers can be decomposed into 3 liter glass jars and put them on windowsills.

Fruit trees and shrubs

Buds open on fruit trees

Fruit trees

If you carry out simple measures to combat plant diseases and pests, then most of them will not even think of ruining your summer weekend with their visits.

First, clear the area of ​​plant debris. Arm yourself with gloves that reliably save you from corns and a comfortable wheelbarrow, collect last year's foliage, mummified fruits with light fan rakes and take them to the place designated for composting, cover with a thick layer of peat or earth.

Using a pump-action sprayer, treat the crowns of fruit and ornamental trees with a solution of copper sulfate. Spraying is best done in cloudy weather at an air temperature of at least + 4 ° C.

Don't forget about coniferous plants, especially young specimens wintering for the first time. Watering with special fertilizers for coniferous crops and spraying with immunostimulating drugs will help them move away from the snowy winter and spring burns.

In fruit trees, they inspect and cover up damage to the bark with garden pitch, and remove broken branches.

Both sanitary and shaping spring pruning trees and shrubs can be carried out only at positive daily temperatures. rose hips, Kuril tea, hydrangeas are cut on swollen buds, summer flowering spireas and barberries can be cut at the beginning of the dissolution of the leaves.

Pruning of fruit trees must be completed by the time they bud. For thick branches, use loppers and garden saws. Pruning manipulations, like grafting, are carried out only with sharp and handy tool, which will give a clean cut without nicks and jams. With branches located at a high height, it is more convenient to work by attaching the tool to the telescopic handle.

In April, you need to have time to plant woody plants. But this rule does not apply to seedlings planted in pots. They are planted by transshipment, without destroying the earthen coma, and therefore the landing time is significantly extended.

berry bushes

Before the buds swell, gooseberries and currants are watered from a watering can with hot water (temperature about + 60 ° C).

As soon as the snow melts, it is necessary to break out last year's stumps in the bushes of raspberries, gooseberries, currants (the berry moth likes to settle in them) and cut off all the extra shoots from the gooseberries and currants (before the buds open). If the berries are frozen, pruning should be postponed.

During the blooming of the leaves, those currant branches are cut out, in which this process is significantly delayed. Most likely, pests settled there. Everything plant remains needs to be burned.

flower garden

• As soon as the snow melts, pour warm water (30–35 ° C) on plants with winter green leaves, such as periwinkle, Julia primrose, liverwort, saxifrage. This will warm the soil at the roots, bring the time of awakening and nutrition closer, which contributes to faster and more friendly flowering.
• Under perennial flowers, urea must be scattered over the snow.
• After snowmelt and garbage collection, you can loosen the soil and, when the soil is ready, plant cold-resistant annuals.
• In April, depending on the weather, they begin to remove shelters from roses, clematis and other heat-loving flowers. After the snow melts, the winter shelter is removed and replaced with non-woven material.
• Dolomite flour is scattered under the peonies (up to 100 g per 1 bush). After the snow melts, they are fed with any liquid fertilizer based on nitrogen and phosphorus.
• In a cold greenhouse, you can plant heat-loving annuals (cloves, aquilegia, nivyanik, marigolds, zinnia) for seedlings.

Lawn

When the ground dries up, but not before, pay attention to the lawn. Having rid him of bunches of dry grass, take care of aeration, oversowing seeds in the bald spots formed after winter and fertilizing.

In order for the lawn surface to remain as even, loosen large bald spots, mole bumps and hollows, fill with fertile soil, level the surface, then compact a little and sow with the same mixture as the rest of the lawn. Small bald spots can not be disturbed, after aeration and fertilizer they will overgrow themselves.

After a snowy winter, another lawn misfortune is often observed - the influx of grass cover on the paths and the flower garden area. Usually the edges are corrected with a sharpened shovel, but it is difficult to get an even strip. You can cut the lawn neatly and quickly with a special hand chopper for trimming the edges or with a hoe with a crescent-shaped blade or a more mechanized lawn edge cutter. The latter is more intended for large areas.