Perennial onion batun - growing from seeds through seedlings and in the open field, care, top dressing, treatment for pests and diseases: description, advice. When to sow onions for seedlings and in open ground: timing
07.11.2017
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Batun, cultivation and care from sowing to harvest!
Batun onion is a culture, the cultivation and care of which require careful attention. To get a tasty harvest, most often planting is done by seeds. The method of cultivating a vegetable from seedlings is very popular, since it significantly speeds up the ripening process, but some points need to be taken into account - when to plant, exact dates, bubbling features, how to plant in open ground and other subtleties of agricultural technology. How to determine the sowing time of the cibula, and the features of the process technology, you will find below.
Batun onion - growing and seed care
Batun onions are valued by gardeners for their characteristics - a high threshold of resistance to frost, excess moisture, good performance germination and, of course, an unsurpassed delicate taste. 
IN middle lane Russia, Moscow region, Leningrad region it is better to sow onions after the 10th of April. In the southern regions, including the Kuban, more early sowing and transplant. Harvest at proper care should be done in early autumn. Green feathers are pulled out of the ground along with false onions.
The soil must have a certain composition. The best option- Sod land mixed with compost, two glasses of ash and 70 g of special fertilizer for vegetables, which include minerals. Mix the mixture well, pour into a refractory dish and heat in any way. Another way to treat the soil for seeds is to spill a solution of potassium permanganate. To know correctly, many points should be taken into account.
In order for the seeds to germinate properly, they must be soaked for 24 hours before sowing. It is important to change the water every 5-6 hours. After 24 hours, remove the seeds from the water and put them in a cold place for two days. Before planting onions in a container with prepared soil, it must be dried to a state of flowability.
Many gardeners know how to plant onions with seeds, but not everyone knows that they can be sown directly in open ground. Such a planting of onion-batun is carried out in autumn, spring and summer. Seeds are processed in the same way as for sowing in boxes. Under the seeds, grooves 20 mm deep are prepared. It is better to sow onions thicker - green feather will be thin, and, therefore, gentle. A distance of 20–25 cm should be left between the grooves. After sowing, it is necessary to mulch the plantings, for this it is better to use compost or dry straw.
Sprouted batun, seedlings of which should reach at least 7 cm, it is important to properly prepare for wintering. The soil must be fertilized with rotted manure or compost. Then leave the vegetable until March.
Batun onion - planting seedlings in open ground
When the time comes for planting in open ground, the seedlings of the onion-batun should already be well formed, have 3-4 leaves. The basal part of the stem should be at least 5 mm in diameter.
planting seedlings of onion-batun in open ground - in the photo
As for the choice of a place for planting, this onion is less demanding on growing conditions than a turnip. It can be planted in the shady part of the garden. But, the harvest will be good if the soil for planting is chosen correctly. The soil must be rich nutrients, well hydrated and have a low acidity index. Places where moisture can accumulate, soils with peat are not suitable for a batun, in such areas the bow will go with arrows.
Do not forget to fertilize the beds under the batun before planting, because it will take several years to grow onions in the chosen place. It is not recommended to plant onions, the cultivation and care of which is already not easy, after vegetables such as garlic, cucumbers, carrots. But after tomatoes, peas or green manure, he will give a rich harvest. Onion seedlings should be planted in the garden according to a certain technology:
- Prepare holes, between them the distance should be at least 10 cm. Between rows - 20 cm;
- Plant seedlings in holes, sprinkled with earth;
- Watering seedlings is not necessary if the soil is prepared correctly.
Proper care is the key to a rich harvest
The first time you need to loosen the soil after the seedlings take root. It is advisable to do this after watering or rainfall. In parallel, it is necessary to carry out weeding. If you use peat chips or humus as mulch, you will have to carry out these two procedures less often.
You can eat onion greens from the moment the feather grows by 10 centimeters or more. Batun onions love moisture, therefore, watering is required regularly. If the season is not dry, it is enough to moisten the soil twice a week. During the dry season - 3-4 times.
Feeding plays important role in obtaining a quality crop. 7 days after the seedlings were in the garden, it must be fed with a solution of mullein (1 to 10). A solution is also suitable for onion-batun chicken manure. Here the ratio is different - 1 to 15, and with this method you can fertilize onions once a season.
Weevils that infect onions are small bugs that pierce feathers and proboscis and suck out the juice. Insect larvae spoil the greens, gnawing entire labyrinths in it, and the fly damages the bulb, eating it from the inside. it will save plantings from pests, of course, if the crop is not yet completely spoiled.
To protect the onion, the cultivation and care of which takes a lot of time and requires attention, weeding should be carried out in time, the soil should be loosened. It is important to notice signs of culture damage on initial stage, then it will be easier to cope with the task. Be sure to remove damaged parts of the plant or the entire bulb to prevent the spread of infection.
Onion batun is not a frequent guest in my beds, but I think it's worth talking about it. Think few plant it though get knowledge how to grow onion batun will be helpful. Moreover, to plant this species the bow is worth it, if only because of it palatability and ease in agricultural technology. In principle, in visual comparison, it is similar to ordinary green and onions, however, it does have a few differences. It does not form a bulb, like onions, and the greens are coarser than those of the same multi-celled onion. But there is a similarity that develops into an advantage. Onion batun easily tolerates low and high temperatures, like many types of onion varieties. In this note, I will tell you in detail how to properly plant, about growing and caring for the type of onion batun. So, let's begin …
Where do onion roots grow from?
Despite the fact that onion batun is rarely grown, it is popular with true connoisseurs of green onions. It is quite possible that you have heard how some gardeners talk about Chinese onions and onions. So we are talking about the same bow - a batun. In the common people, it is called so because of its history of origin. Onion batun has been grown for many centuries in the Asian territory of China and Japan. On the same territory, including the territory of Siberia, one can still observe wild plantings of batun, which multiplied according to the principle of self-sowing. The fact is that this type of onion is rightfully considered perennial. If you constantly look after the onion batun, then it gives good harvests. If abandoned, it will reproduce on its own and begin to run wild. Which will lead to a significant decrease in yield and loss of presentation.
Unlike amateur gardeners, the cultivation of batun onions is popular with farmers. They grow it in greenhouses for further sale. That is to say, for commercial purposes. Onion batun produces little to no bulb, and when grown for sale as chives, the slight bulb gives extra weight.
The batun onion bulb itself is more like and tolerates severe frosts in the ground. But the surface green part favorably tolerates only light frosts. The vegetation process of onion batun begins very in early spring, as soon as the temperature starts to rise slightly above zero.
Useful video about onion batun, watch to the end!
Growing onion batun
Growing onion batun can be done in several ways. Like many varieties onion, it can be grown through sowing seeds in open ground and through seedlings. Seedlings are sown in the greenhouse in early January. If the goal is to get an early harvest, then the cultivation of batun is definitely worth doing through seedlings.
But if there is no rush in terms or there are no conditions for growing seedlings, it is sown with seeds. Batun onion seeds should be sown in open ground as soon as the weather and soil structure make it possible to produce landing work. In the event that the onion is planted with seeds, then the maximum yield will come only after a couple of years.
Preparing batun onion seeds for planting
Preparing batun onion seeds for planting is a rather dreary business. I recommend sowing them immediately in open ground and producing as needed. Just soak in advance for half an hour in warm water with the addition of potassium permanganate. The potassium permanganate solution should be light pink. Thanks to this action, the seeds will pass the stage of disinfection. Why do I recommend planting a batun in this way? The fact is that any onion seeds germinate for a very long time. Sometimes this process takes a whole month. And the most you lose is an extra week. It is just for one week that you can accelerate the germination of seeds if you resort to dreary preparation.
But if you need to speed up the germination of the "black" batun, then get ready to tinker. In the process of preparation, time intervals will have to be observed. First, as I said, the seeds are soaked for half an hour in warm water with potassium permanganate. After that, all seeds need to be washed clean. filtered water or the water must be settled in advance. Then we resort to the old proven method for soaking seeds - gauze. Gauze is folded into at least five layers and batun seeds are wrapped in it. Gauze with onion seeds is placed in a container with warm water room temperature but not more than 30 degrees. The whole process takes a day. Three times a day, with the same time interval, the water changes. It is imperative to do this. After a day, the water is drained, the gauze is squeezed out and the seeds need to be dried well. Batun onion seeds should regain their original crumbly appearance. only after such a procedure, it is possible to sow seeds in open ground and they will germinate a week earlier.
Photo: Growing onion batun from seeds in the open field
How to grow onion batun seedlings
For getting early harvest onion batun, it is planted through seedlings. Seeds for seedlings are planted in early January in a greenhouse and in July you can start harvesting. Resorting to such agricultural technology, the batun is not considered as a perennial plant and the crop is harvested completely with the bulb. Just like they do with the usual.
Before sowing seeds for seedlings, you need to prepare the substrate. In principle, its composition is no different from that required for growing seedlings of other crops. To do this, you must use: 50% ordinary soil, 30% humus or compost, 10% overripe sawdust or hydroperlite, 10% sand. Add any chemical fertilizers has no meaning. Firstly, all the main nutrients are in the humus or compost. Secondly, when growing seedlings, onions use seed reserves and practically do not use top dressing from the substrate.
After the substrate is prepared, you need to sow the seeds of the batun. Pre-prepare the seeds in one of the above ways. The container in which the seedlings of batun onion will be grown must have holes at the bottom, for quick removal excess water after watering. I recommend growing seedlings not in cups and pots, but in long tubs. Pre-prepared soil is poured into the container and watered. After a couple of hours, when the soil picks up moisture and excess water drains, grooves are made with a pencil. The depth of the grooves should be no more than three centimeters. Onion seeds are sown in grooves and sprinkled with humus or sawdust. After the seeds are sown and covered, the grooves are lightly rammed. This is done to better contact the seeds with moist soil.
Growing seedlings of onion batun
Growing seedlings of onion batun should proceed at a temperature of +6 - +12. Too high a temperature is harmful. At high temperature the seeds will germinate faster, and also the seedlings will grow faster, but the quality will be unsatisfactory. In order not to resort to additional illumination of seedlings and further hardening, seedlings should grow at a temperature not higher than +12. Then exactly by April, it will be powerful and will quickly take over after transplanting into open ground. Under certain conditions, the container must stand for the entire time. As soon as the seeds germinate and straighten to the form of "needles", it is necessary to thin out the grooves, leaving a distance of 1-2 cm between the "needles". Watering is not often necessary, only as needed.
Planting seedlings of onion batun is carried out in April, when the weather and soil allow the cultivation of a vegetable garden. The distance between seedlings is 10-15 cm, the row spacing is 40-50 cm. Two-line planting of seedlings can be used. After planting seedlings of batun, the beds are carefully watered. A few days after planting, the seedlings will take root and straighten up. so you don’t need to worry if, after a couple of hours after planting, all the seedlings died. This is a common occurrence.
Preparing the site for planting batun onions
Some gardeners in vain consider this culture capricious. Batun gives nice results provided that the preparation of the site for planting batun onions is done correctly. For fruitful cultivation, fertile soil is needed, which contains balanced nutrients. It is also worth noting that given plant does not respond well to acidic soils. Before planting a batun onion, lime or dolomite flour must be added to the soil. Nitrogen, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium are introduced into the soil as nutrients. After all the components are introduced into the soil, the soil is dug up or milled.
In the process of preparing the soil for onion batun, which is planned to be grown for several years in a row, Special attention given to soil aeration. The ground in open ground should be well structured and crumbly. This quality of the substrate prevents waterlogging of the soil during the watering of the batun - which he loves so much. A crumbly soil structure can be achieved by introducing horse manure or overripe sawdust conifers. Remember one rule - "a batun onion loves a chopper." In the process of growing batun onions, the beds constantly need to be loosened. Loosening the soil is done every two or three waterings.
Despite the fact that it was carried out proper preparation soil, during the growing season, onion batun takes nutrients from the soil and must be fed with nitrogen and potash fertilizers. In winter, onion batun must be sent fertilized. To do this, manure is introduced into the aisles and phosphate fertilizers, after which everything is dug up. That manure, that phosphate fertilizers will give nutrients to the soil during the winter, and in spring the onion batun will receive high-quality top dressing.
Planting onion seeds batun
It is worth noting that planting onion seeds is universal in terms of sowing. Winter is the only exception. And so, batun seeds can be sown at any time of the year and in any month. Of course, if you are sure that you can, for example, in July, in case of intense heat, ensure landing constant watering. If not, then the seeds simply will not hatch and will be steamed under the crust of the soil. The optimal and simpler time for planting batun onion seeds is traditionally spring or autumn. What is in the first, what is in the second option, the soil is saturated with moisture and the seeds germinate well and quickly.
Planting seeds of onion batun is carried out in shallow grooves, like any onion seeds that are grown on a feather. Usually, the depth of the furrow is 1.5-3 cm. Before planting batun seeds, if you do not use precision seeders, but are going to sow manually, I recommend mixing the seeds with sand 1: 1. This will allow you to sow the seeds more evenly and less densely. upon completion of sowing, I advise you to sprinkle the seeds with peat, humus or sawdust. Then water abundantly. After thorough watering, the upper substrate will be saturated with moisture, the onion seeds of the batun will quickly hatch and sprout.
Do not ignore the width of the beds. It should be at least 35 cm, which will allow you to easily take care of the batun and there will be a sufficient aisle, which is dug up in the winter. Further, when the seeds have sprouted and the formation of the first true leaves has begun, the beds are thinned out. A distance of 3-5 cm is left between each plant. While the onion batun is gaining strength, it requires care in the form of constant watering. If the seeds were planted towards the end of spring, watering is done in the morning and evening daily. But! - waterlogging of the soil is not allowed.
Diseases and pests in the cultivation of onion batun
Batun, like other types of onions, is susceptible to disease or pest attacks. Do not neglect the rules of agricultural technology during the growing season. The beds must be kept free of weeds at all times. Monitor the aeration of the soil, constantly loosen the upper crust and prevent waterlogging during irrigation. And in general, always do the right thing. If you start landing, they will definitely be hit. The main and common enemies are: from diseases - fungal infections; of the pests - the onion fly. To prevent fungal diseases, the beds are periodically watered with phytosporin. It also helps to get rid of onion fly larvae. How to deal with this pest, you can read a note about.
Harvesting onion batun
Well, I got to the most pleasant moment - harvesting the batun onion. Onion batun grows on average half a year. If it was planted in early spring, then in the middle of autumn you can remove the batun. But if the planting of a batun onion was carried out at the beginning of summer, then it will be possible to harvest only next spring. Therefore, before planting onions, think about the harvest time.
Harvesting consists in cutting young leaves of batun. As a rule, leaves are cut from the bottom up, with a well-sharpened tool. The cut must be made at the base of the leaf without damaging the stem. In order for the leaves of the onion of the batun to be elastic and juicy, before harvesting, the onion is watered in the evening. overnight, all the leaves will gain moisture at a lower night temperature and will be "fleshy".
Here I am sharing with you how to grow onion batun from seed outdoors how to care for and harvest a good harvest. I hope the note was useful to you, write comments and share on social networks.
Have a good harvest of batun onions!
This type of onion is the most widely known and common among cultivated perennial onions.
In appearance, batun plants are not much different from ordinary, well-known onions.
The onion-batun has the same fistulous leaves, but the truth is larger - they can grow even up to 40 centimeters long and up to 2 cm in circumference. A real bulb, like an onion, does not form a batun, and a thickening is formed in the soil, which has the scientific name of a false bulb.
Therefore, this species is grown exclusively for greenery. Each daughter plant (branches) produces from 3 to 7 leaves.
In one place, as a perennial plant, batun can grow for 7-10 years, but its highest productivity is observed in the first 3-4 years after sowing.
This is due to the fact that one plant of onion-batuna can form from three to five daughter plants per year, and, consequently, the crops become too dense due to the formation of powerful plants that can have up to 30 branches, which means that the quality of the crop is reduced so as the onion gets smaller.
Such onion bushes are dug up with a clod of earth and used for forcing in winter in greenhouses, greenhouses, the simplest film shelters, and even in room conditions on the windowsill.
When growing onion batun, energy consumption is less than when - when forcing onion batun, the temperature can be only 11-12 degrees (i.e., it’s not needed, for example, even film with self-made heating), the temperature of growing onions cannot be less than 20 degrees.
Onion batun is very frost-resistant (it will relatively easily endure frosts down to -40 degrees). In spring, the leaves of the batun begin to germinate almost immediately after the soil thaws. The green leaves of this onion can withstand recurrent, short-term frosts down to -6 degrees.
The seeds of this type of onion germinate already at 2 degrees Celsius, and the best temperature for growing it is 19-20 degrees.
For the sake of getting greenery, gardeners and gardeners grow onion batun both as an annual and as a perennial plant.
In plots and dachas, most often it is propagated by seeds, since there is no shortage of them, and it gives a lot of them. It is also possible to reproduce the batun vegetatively, that is, by dividing the bush.
Planting onion-batun:
There is nothing difficult in planting a batun, sow the seeds in early spring or summer (but no later than the first half of August).
If you sow onions in early spring, then the seeds are sown even in February windows. In this case, you will receive the harvest (green leaves of batun) in July-August.
If you plan to get green leaves from these plantings for the next spring (early green), then cut the last leaves no later than mid-August. After the cut, be sure to water, fertilize (fertilize) and loosen the bed with onions with a batun so that it has time to gain energy and nutrients before the start of winter and give them to the greenery in the spring when forcing.
At vegetative reproduction perennial batun bushes are divided into parts, on average, three to five plants per turf, and planted in the soil. To obtain an early harvest in spring, it is advisable to transplant seedlings before mid-August.
Batun onion is also good because its forcing into greens can be successfully done in early spring, right in the open field, under tunnel film greenhouses-shelters.
This method of forcing an early batun will allow you to get a crop two or even three weeks earlier (mid-March) than from open ground.
When sowing seeds in early spring (in March), calibrated dry seeds can be used, and when re-sowing in summer, the seeds must be prepared. To do this, soaking in water is carried out, and then germination until a single pecking, and even better bubbling for 13-18 hours.
Then the seeds are dried to flowability and sown.
The recommended landing distance (manual) is 30 to 40 centimeters. The depth of seed placement during sowing is 1.7-2 centimeters. With such a scheme for planting a batun, approximately 2.5-3 grams of seed per 1m 2 is consumed.
Harvesting onions
There are two ways to clean the batun.
If cultivation of onion batun is produced as an annual, then the seeds are sown in the spring, and the crop is harvested (the whole plant) the following spring, in March-April. But on heavy soils, digging is associated with great difficulties, since the soil is waterlogged, sticks to the roots and the “bulb”, and when washing, the leaves burst and break, the commercial qualities of onion greens are lost.
If grow onion batun as a perennial then they usually spend one or two cuttings of leaves in spring and the same amount in autumn.
Batun greens are cut when its leaves become 20 to 25 centimeters long. At the first cut in spring, the leaves are the most tender, juicy, contain many vitamins, especially vitamin C - up to 56 - 92 mg%, as well as vitamins A, B 1, B 2, PP and biologically active substances. In addition, the leaves of the onion-batun contain salts of magnesium, potassium, iron.
Batun leaves should be cut at ground level and tied into bundles, cooled and stored in a refrigerator in a plastic bag. They are clean and do not need to be washed.
With the appearance of flower stalks ( photo bow batuna 2) on the plant, the growth of the leaves slows down and then stops completely, they become coarser, the quality of the product decreases.
After you have prepared the seeds (approximately at the end of July), remove the old leaves and flower stalks.
At this time, the batun begins a period of rest, which lasts 1.5-2 months. Then the plants are fed with a complete complex mineral fertilizer, loosen the aisles and water.
After a couple of weeks, the plants will begin to grow and give young greens in September, maximum October.
We are all familiar with such a plant as onion-batun. Its succulent green stems are often used in cooking as well as in recipes. traditional medicine. We will talk about growing onion-batun, about the intricacies of its sowing and care in this article.
This perennial plant in the people has several different names: tartar, piped onion, and, of course, onion-batun. The culture belongs to the onion family and is widespread in Asian countries, because it is Asia that is considered the birthplace of the batun. Today, this plant can be found almost throughout Russia; batun does not take root only in the cold climate of the Far North. This culture is presented in several varieties, each of which has different endurance and frost resistance. by the most unpretentious appearance, capable of enduring prolonged frosts, is considered a Russian batun onion. The peculiarity of the plant is that it does not have a large, well-developed root crop that can be used as food, such as onions. the greatest nutritional value have thick and juicy green stems. Since batun belongs to perennial crops, it gives the largest yields only for 2-3 years of its development. At this time, up to 35-40 shoots can grow on one bush, among which there is also a seed stalk crowned with a large white spherical inflorescence. The onion bud consists of many small flowers that exude an aroma that attracts pollinating insects. Batun onion: popular varietiesGardeners most often plant several varieties of onion-batun on their plots, let's take a closer look at the features of each variety:
Batun onion: cultivation and careSoil preparation for plantingBefore planting onions, it is important to choose the right place for planting. The culture prefers light soils: loam and sandy loam. For growing this plant, any fertile soils with a high content of humus. Batun loves nutritious land. Where its roots are located, the soil should be saturated with fertilizers, moreover, it is desirable that these be nitrogen compounds. It is not recommended to cultivate the plant on clay soil, because it simply will not take root there. But in excessively light sand, the batun feels great and develops very quickly, but it produces a lot of flower stalks, which leads to a decrease in the quality of the crop. The acidity of the soil also matters. Onions do not like overly acidic soils, therefore, in a plot with a similar feature, the earth must be neutralized by adding lime, dolomite flour, oil shale ash or any other suitable substance. Batun is often grown as a perennial, therefore, in order not to replant it every year, it is important to immediately choose correct plot for beds. The soil in this area should be moderately moist, but not waterlogged. If the terrain is uneven, then it is better to arrange the beds in such a way that they have a slight slope to the south or southeast. Before you grow a batun, you need to dig up the ground for planting it. The depth of digging should be equal to 1 bayonet of a shovel.
Features of planting seeds of onion-batunBatun seeds are sown in soil rich in organic matter. It is advisable to plant in those places where tomatoes, cucumbers or greens grew in previous years. If the crop is grown as an annual, then sowing seeds into the soil should be carried out in the first days of spring, and by the next spring, the onions are completely removed from the beds. The sowing density is approximately 2 g of seeds per 1 m 2 . If the climatic conditions of the area suggest frequent cold weather, then the batun can be planted denser, approximately 3 g of seed per 1 m 2. Onions grown from seeds can be sown in summer. At the same time, it is advisable to choose such dates so that before the onset of cold weather, the culture has time to grow enough and gain strength. There are also cases when a batun is planted late autumn, but with such a practice it is very important to choose the right timing. A crop sown before winter should sprout no earlier than the onset of spring. If the sprouts break through in the winter, they will not survive the frost. Harvesting also directly depends on the timing of planting onions. For example, if the seeds were planted in the ground in June, then the onions will be ready for harvest around the next May. Batun sown in autumn can be harvested in July next year. The crop yield is approximately 5 kg of product per 1 m 2 of soil. A perennial batun is planted in order to harvest green stems from it. As a rule, the crop can be pruned several times during the growing season. What is characteristic, when the shoots are removed, the green mass grows more actively, and in each subsequent cut, the crop becomes more abundant. The last collection of greens is carried out no later than 1 month before the onset of constant cold weather. This is necessary so that the onion has time to grow new shoots and gain strength before wintering. It is customary to cut onions for the first time in the second year after sowing seeds. It is best to harvest when the length of the shoots is at least 20 cm. Consider some rules for growing onion-batun from seeds:
So that the culture gives a harvest in the most early dates, it can be sown under the film. Approximately in the first half of April, a film shelter is installed on the beds with a batun, and the film is removed no earlier than the first crop is harvested. Grown under such shelter, onions yield 2-3 weeks earlier than with traditional cultivation in open ground. And the number of collected stems will be at least 1.5 times higher.
Harvesting the onionYou can start harvesting when the length of the stems of the plant reaches 20-30 cm, although the batun becomes suitable for food even earlier, when its leaves grow up to 10 cm in length. Last year's onions are harvested around April. Carrying out a similar procedure, the plants are not pulled out entirely from the ground, but the shoots are carefully cut off at the base with the help of sharp knife. On each bush, you need to leave several arrows to form seeds. At the end of summer, the harvest is stopped and the onion is allowed to grow new leaves - this is how it gains strength, stocks up on nutrients and prepares for wintering. When harvesting, do not forget about top dressing. They are carried out after each cutting of the stems, introducing a solution of mullein into the soil. The substance is diluted in water in a ratio of 1:6. You can also fertilize batun wood ash- it is also dissolved in water or applied to the soil in a dry form during the loosening of the earth. Approximately 150 g of ash should fall on 1 m 2 of area. Approximately 3 days before harvesting, it is advisable to water the onions so that the stems are saturated with moisture and are more juicy, and the plant itself tolerates pruning more easily.
Bow-batun. Video |
Today, about 600 types of onions are known, among which there are spicy and sweet varieties grown for turnips or feathers. The latter include onion-batun - a source of excellent onion greens. Therefore, information on how and when it is better to plant a batun is of interest to many gardeners, because it can be sown with seeds, planted with seedlings, or divided and planted overgrown bushes. Although this plant is a perennial crop, it can be grown as an annual or biennial, requiring a different approach.
Batun onion - perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the onion family. It is also called a Tatar, pipe bow, etc. How wild plant it is widely represented in Siberia, on the islands of Japan and in China.
The greens of onion-batun, in comparison with onions, are more juicy and tender, which is why it is widely cultivated in our country, it is not planted except in the regions of the Far North. Batun onion does not form the usual bulb, it is replaced by a slight thickening - a false bulb.
Interest in this perennial plant - the source of onion greens - is associated with its high yield, unpretentiousness and resistance to low temperatures.
You can grow a plant in one place for no more than 5 years. During this time, the onion bushes will grow - each plant of the batuna-onion forms 4-5 daughter plants in just 1 year, forming up to 30 branches per bush.
With excessive thickening of crops, the following problems naturally arise:
- feathers become small;
- deteriorating crop quality.
To eliminate them, the following methods are used:
- the overgrown bushes of the plant are divided into several parts and planted on beds, increasing the yield of onion greens;
- overgrown bushes are dug out along with a clod of soil and planted in greenhouses or greenhouses for forcing in the winter.
Growing onion greens in greenhouse conditions
Planting material for forcing green onion feathers into greenhouse conditions should be prepared in the fall. Bushes of a 3-year-old onion, dug along with the ground, are well suited for this. They should be planted in a greenhouse, previously in without fail cutting off the leaf part of the planting material by about 1/3.
In the spring, the planted bushes will begin to grow actively - the period of forcing the green feather from the onion is 2 times shorter than that of the ordinary onion. Yes, and the onion greens of the usual turnip lose in taste - the feathers of the onion-batun are tastier and more tender.
Autumn planting with perennial onion seeds
To provide yourself with juicy onion greens for the spring (starting from the end of April) and for the whole summer, you can sow onion seeds before winter. The time of harvesting in this case largely depends on the variety of seeds:
- early ripe peninsular - frost-resistant for open and protected ground, the feather appears in late April, early May (April, Salad-35, hybrid variety Seryozha);
- mid-season peninsular - frost-resistant for open ground, the feather appears in May (Russian Winter, Bahia Verde and others);
- late-ripening sharp - frost-resistant for open ground, the feather appears in late May-June (Maysky).
Domestic varieties for winter sowing frost-resistant and can winter without harm even in snowless winters at temperatures down to -45 ° C. In addition, varieties of Russian breeders are resistant to diseases.
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Sowing perennial onion-batun in spring
As a perennial plant, batun can be planted with seeds both in winter and in spring, in early May, and in summer. In case of planting thickening, the seedlings are thinned out, leaving a distance of 6-7 cm. Already in July, you can get the first onion greens that can be cut.
In the case of cultivation of onion-batun in the form of a plant perennial autumn Feathers cannot be cut.
The next year, the old leaves must be removed, and after 25-30 days the first crop of onion greens will be ready. And after 60 days you will collect new harvest feather onion.
Annual spring onion
Although the onion is perennial plant, it can be planted and grown as an annual. This approach allows you to get rid of the disadvantages of perennial onions grown in one place:
- over time, the plant begins to age;
- flower arrows are formed in large numbers on the onion-batun;
- getting worse as appearance as well as taste qualities.
The annual crop of onion-batun is harvested in autumn along with bulbs. The final product of an annual, when compared with a perennial, looks preferable:
- has a neat presentation;
- has a long shelf life;
- valued higher than perennial feathers.
Planting seeds
As an annual, onions are planted with seeds from the second half of April to mid-July inclusive. Before planting, seeds are recommended to be treated in one of the following ways:
- soak in water;
- soak in a solution of microfertilizers;
- carry out bubbling - soaking the seed with simultaneous air supply.
This seed treatment reduces the emergence time (more than a week) and increases the yield by up to 30% of the total mass.
Consider the following when handling seed:
- prevent pecking of seeds, which will greatly complicate sowing;
- sow treated seeds in moist soil, as they will die in dry soil.
Know how to properly prepare land plot where it is planned to plant an annual onion-batun:
- humus and mineral fertilizers are introduced into the soil;
- autumn tillage is carried out on the soil;
- in the spring, before starting to plant onions, harrowing is carried out;
- to retain moisture, right before sowing the seeds, deep loosening is done.
Onion-batun branches very strongly, forming a large number of hollow dense leaves, and dense sowing allows you to grow thin, juicy, delicate feathers. By planting seeds densely, you can benefit from even seedlings and increased yields, however, such planting makes plant care much more difficult (in particular, it is difficult to loosen).
If at winter landing thickening leads to a deterioration in quality and a decrease in yield, then with one-year cultivation of onions, on the contrary, you need to plant them densely - this is only beneficial.
seedling method
In comparison with sowing, the technique is more laborious, but it allows you to get the first onion greens already after 1.5 months from the moment the seedlings are planted on the ground - by mid-July.
To grow seedlings, gardeners widely use the bouquet method - in early April, the seeds of onion-batun (5-6 pcs.) Are planted in small pots (4-5 cm) and within a month, until mid-May, seedlings are grown in greenhouses and hotbeds.
After the plant has formed 3 leaves, the grown seedlings are transferred to open ground. The beds are formed at the rate of 12 cm between planting material and 20 cm between rows.
Soil Requirements
Regardless of the method and timing, when they are going to plant onions, there should be land for planting.