Podzimnie crops - the subtleties of planting onions in the fall. Recommendations and advice

Onion before winter will give good result in a dry spring. Planted in advance, it will collect all the winter moisture, which means it will give friendly early shoots, and before the onset of dry weather it will form a developed root system- the key to a good harvest.

If you are afraid that the seeds may freeze, then arrange an experiment. Select for under winter planting only the smallest bulbs and look at the result. In any case, then it will be possible to plant an additional bed in May, so as not to be left without a crop at all.

There are no specific recommendations when choosing an onion variety for planting before winter, since any local zoned varieties are suitable. Is it not worth taking risks with heat-loving southern varieties - they may well not withstand winter frosts.

Although it should be noted that there are a number of special winter varieties bows, such as: Arctic, Bessonovsky, Kip-Vell, Radar, Strigunovsky, Sunshine, Ellan, Shakespeare.

Onions before planting - preparation

Onion planting material is divided into oatmeal (bulbs with a diameter of less than 1 cm), sets (bulbs in diameter from 1 to 3 cm) or onion selection - bulbs larger than 3 cm. goes to the arrow, and a small set is planted to get a turnip bulb.

Therefore, sort the seed before planting in the ground, separating the small set from a larger sample, do not cut the necks of the bulbs. Professionals recommend sevok and oatmeal for winter planting, because they winter storage indoors they can dry out, and if they are planted in the ground, then next year they will give large bulbs.

Onions before winter: how to choose a place to plant

The second most important point that must be considered when planting onions before winter is the choice of location. The soil should be sufficiently loose (clayey dense soils will not work) and have a neutral reaction.

The selected area should be well lit and ventilated. And water, after the snow melts in the spring, should not stagnate, because the spring excess moisture - worst enemy any bulb culture.

The best predecessors for onions are all grains (with the exception of oats), mustard, peas, corn, beets, cucumbers, rapeseed, tomatoes, phacelia, beans, lettuce, cabbage.

To prevent onions from becoming infected with nematodes, you should not plant them after beans, potatoes, red clover, alfalfa, parsley and celery.

Before planting, the soil must be dug up along with humus (norm: 5 kg per m²) and mineral fertilizers(from 10 to 15 grams of potassium salt and from 20 to 25 grams of superphosphate per m²). Mineral fertilizers can be replaced with ecofoska in the same amount. Already before planting, it is recommended to scatter ash on the site (10 grams per m²).

When to plant onions in the fall - planting dates

It has long been known that onions can be planted both in spring and autumn, but for some reason, planting onions in winter was not widespread until recently. Particularly wary was the planting of onions for the winter in cold regions - in Siberia, the Urals, and in the Moscow region, but today there are many varieties of winter onions that winter well in the ground, but next year they give early harvest.

How to plant onions in the fall, when to plant winter onions, how to protect them from winter frosts - we will answer all these questions in this article.

When to plant onions before winter in 2018 according to the lunar calendar

Most auspicious days for planting onions are presented in the table.

The best time for planting onions in areas with not very cold winters is from late October to early November - 30-35 days before the onset of stable cold weather. Keep an eye on the outdoor thermometer: if the temperature drops to 5 ºC and lasts for several days, then it's time to plant onions.

When Should You Not Plant Onions?

In general, one should be guided by the weather: the onion should have time to grow roots before the onset of cold weather, but sprouts should not be allowed to appear. If you plant a bow ahead of time, it will go into the arrow and die from frost, with a late planting there is a risk that the roots will not have time to develop, and the seedling will freeze in the ground.

Some gardeners believe that planting onions in the ground at the end of November - optimal solution However, in this case, the result depends only on luck.

After what crop to plant onions

Often, not knowing what to plant onions after, gardeners make mistakes that lead to low yields. good predecessors for onions, all grains are considered, except for oats, corn, beets, mustard, rapeseed, phacelia, peas, beans, tomatoes, lettuce, cucumbers and any cabbage.

To avoid nematode infestation, do not plant onions after beans, potatoes, parsley, celery, alfalfa and red clover. You can grow winter onions as a second crop after harvesting rapeseed, winter barley, beans, peas, radishes, carrots and red beets, if you managed to harvest the first crop before the third decade of July.

The question is often asked whether it is possible to plant onions after onions. In one place, onions can be grown for no more than two years, the next time onions in this area, as well as in the area where garlic grew, can be planted no earlier than four years later.

Onion care after planting in the fall

Planting and caring for onions open field simple and hassle-free. As soon as the soil begins to warm up in the spring, remove the film from the winter onion, and after a week remove the mulch, sprinkle the area with ash at the rate of 10 g per m², and loosen the soil.

If the cover is removed too late, the onions may get wet under the film, and the mulch will delay the passage of sprouts through the thickness of the earth. It is desirable to loosen the soil after each rain or watering, while freeing the site from weeds.

The formation of four leaves in the seedlings indicates that the bulb has begun to form, which means that it is time to make a second top dressing, but before that, thin out the onion if it grows too thick. Pulled plants can be eaten.

As a second top dressing per 1 m² of planting, 15-20 g of superphosphate and 10-15 g of potash fertilizer, and it is better to pre-dissolve superphosphate granules and ash in a solution of fermented herbs. It is possible to apply liquid instead of mineral fertilizers chicken manure.

If the spring is wet, the onions are watered infrequently, but if it is hot and dry, you will have to arrange watering twice a week. To prevent the onion fly from ruining your crop, plant marigolds or calendula around the perimeter of the area with onions - this is guaranteed to save you from trouble. Winter onions ripen about a month earlier than those planted in spring.

When to plant winter onions in the suburbs

Planting onions in the Moscow region is almost no different from cultivating in Ukraine or other warm regions. Only a too cold winter can become a problem, but if the temperature does not drop below -15 ºC, and you cover the onion for the winter, then freezing does not threaten it.

If the frosts are stronger, but there is a lot of snow, then it remains to be hoped that in this case everything will go well.

Planting onions before winter in the Urals

Planting and caring for winter onions in the Urals are somewhat different from growing this crop in areas with temperate climate. For example, planting dates are shifted closer to the beginning of autumn - from late September to mid-October.

Shelter for the winter in the Urals is mandatory, in addition, not every variety can be planted before winter in the Ural climate, but only those that have high winter hardiness.

Video: Planting onions before winter - a simple and reliable way

Planting onions before winter is a relatively new way for most gardeners, which some of them have not even heard of before. Since onions can be called a slightly capricious culture - arrows appear on it in dry weather, and in wet weather it can begin to rot - planting before winter is considered today a productive way to grow this root crop. The main thing is to know everything about the time of planting, onion varieties, as well as subsequent watering and fertilizing the site. Can be sown and planted in autumn different types onions are batun, shallots, nigella.

Why is it profitable to plant onions before winter

Seed onions, or onion sets, can be grown independently and stored until spring, observing the humidity and temperature regime to avoid drying out or early germination. With autumn sowing, these troubles can be avoided.

When planting onions before winter, consumption seed material reduced by about one third. It costs less and uses a fairly small fraction of "oatmeal", which in 50% of cases can dry out during winter storage.

By planting onions on a turnip in the fall, you can protect the future crop from damage by an onion fly, since by the time of infection, the onion sets have a dense bottom and a large lobe of roots.

Varieties for autumn planting

Not all varieties are suitable for bookmarking in the fall before winter. shallot early ripe varieties most often planted for the sake of early greenery. Harvest he gives two weeks earlier than usual onion. Batun is also valuable for its early greens. It is sown with the possibility of transplanting to another place. It is a garden ornament. "Stuttgarten Riesen" has increased resistance to false powdery mildew. Oatmeal grows well in autumn. These are small onions of non-standard shape up to 1 cm in size. They are planted with grooves to a depth of 3 cm. Winter varieties Kip-Vell, Radar, Shakespeare are suitable for winter cultivation. They differ in frost resistance, excellent taste and large bulbs. autumn planting onion varieties "Myachkovsky" gives a stable harvest, and "Small-nest" is perfectly preserved. Podzimny "Carmen" forms purple bulbs weighing up to 120 grams. "Silver Prince" is considered the most productive among the varieties of winter sowing. "Strigunovsky" stands out for its sharp taste and precocity.

It has long been known that onions can be planted both in spring and autumn, but for some reason, planting onions in winter was not widespread until recently. Particularly wary was the planting of onions for the winter in cold regions, and today there are many varieties of winter onions that winter well in the ground, but give an early harvest the next year.

The best time for planting onions in areas with not very cold winters is from late October to early November - 30-35 days before the onset of stable cold weather. Keep an eye on the outdoor thermometer: if the temperature drops to 5 ºC and lasts for several days, then it's time to plant onions.

Features of the choice of onion planting material for autumn planting

First step to good harvest- this is the right bow for winter planting. There are four categories of onion sets:

• Category 1 - the diameter of each bulb does not exceed 1–1.5 cm.
• Category 2 - diameter from 1.5 cm to 3 cm.
• Samples - the diameter of the bulbs from 3 cm or more.
• Ovsyuzhka, or oatmeal - bulbs of non-standard shape, not exceeding 1 cm in diameter.

To grow strong, high-quality turnips, use small planting material(first category and oatmeal). For landing on a feather, the most suitable is large sevok(second category and samples).

Choosing a place for planting onions in the fall

The second most important point that must be considered when planting onions before winter is the choice of location. The soil should be sufficiently loose (clayey dense soils will not work) and have a neutral reaction. The selected area should be well lit and ventilated. And water, after the snow melts in spring, should not stagnate, because spring excess moisture is the worst enemy of any bulbous crop.

The best predecessors for onions are all grains (with the exception of oats), mustard, peas, corn, beets, cucumbers, rapeseed, tomatoes, phacelia, beans, lettuce, cabbage. To prevent onions from becoming infected with nematodes, you should not plant them after beans, potatoes, red clover, alfalfa, parsley and celery.

Before planting, the soil must be dug up along with humus (norm: 5 kg per m²) and mineral fertilizers (from 10 to 15 grams of potassium salt and from 20 to 25 grams of superphosphate per m²). Mineral fertilizers can be replaced with ecofoska in the same amount. Already before planting, it is recommended to scatter ash on the site (10 grams per m²).

Planting onions in autumn

Plant winter onions that do not require special efforts from the side of a person, maybe even a beginner. For sevka, which sits down in the spring, other requirements: it must be large, juicy and absolutely healthy. Absolutely all gardeners are engaged in planting before the summer, because you don’t have to especially look after the vegetable.

Planting sevok is not so easy. It is very difficult to keep a small head after the onset of cold weather, every housewife knows about it. Dried and bitter, such "bulbs" are not suitable for anything. Sevka for winter planting, so that the greens grow all three months until spring, it is better to plant from medium-sized material. The more they have inner layers, the better the growth of green feathers will be. Small sets can also be planted in boxes in a warm greenhouse. The onion that grows out of it will be tasty and juicy.

Planting onions in the spring is carried out in accordance with the following scheme. A plot with dimensions of 15 * 15 cm is allocated, each bulb is immersed in the soil to a depth of 2-3 cm. Before planting onion sets, grooves are formed in the soil, fertilizers are applied to them - potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, double superphosphate. Each type of fertilizer is taken in the amount of 30 g per 1 sq. m. First, fertilizer is poured onto the bottom of the formed hole, then powder is made thin layer soil.

Caring for onions planted in autumn

It is not necessary to water winter onions after planting - it is possible to moisten the site, if there is no rain, in ten days. When frosts come, mulch the area with winter onions with dry leaves, spruce branches, pine needles, and press the shelter from above with branches so that it is not swept away by the wind. If a cold and snowless winter is expected, you can cover the area on top of the mulch with a film. You won't need a film in snowy winter.

With the advent of spring, when the soil begins to actively warm up, the agrofiber or film is first removed from the onion beds. After a week, the vegetable mulch is removed. It is impossible to keep the shelter in the garden too long - the onion deprived of oxygen under the film will get wet, and the leaves, spruce branches and straw will become a serious obstacle to sprouts breaking through from the ground. Caring for winter onions is simple and not too troublesome:

After removing the mulch, the soil is sprinkled with wood ash (10-12 g / m²) and actively loosened. If the plantings are too dense, it is recommended to pull out the extra bulbs. The appearance of the fourth feather indicates the beginning of the formation of bulbs. At this stage of development, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are applied for planting, which are previously dissolved in irrigation water or fermented herbal infusion. An alternative to mineral fertilizers can be a solution bird droppings, diluted in a ratio of 1:12.

Onions before winter will give a good result in the event of a dry spring. Planted in advance, it will collect all the winter moisture, which means it will give friendly early shoots, and before the onset of dry weather it will form a developed root system - the key to a good harvest.

If you are afraid that the seeds may freeze, then arrange an experiment. Select only the smallest bulbs for winter planting and look at the result. In any case, then it will be possible to plant an additional bed in May, so as not to be left without a crop at all.

• When Should You Not Plant Onions?
• Video: Planting onions before winter - simple and reliable way

What kind of onion to plant before winter

There are no specific recommendations when choosing an onion variety for planting before winter, since any local zoned varieties are suitable. Is it not worth the risk with heat-loving southern varieties - they may well not withstand the winter frosts.

Although it should be noted that there are a number of special winter onion varieties, such as: Arctic, Bessonovsky, Kip-Vell, Radar, Strigunovsky, Sunshine, Ellan, Shakespeare.

Onions before planting - preparation

Onion planting material is divided into oatmeal (bulbs with a diameter of less than 1 cm), sets (bulbs in diameter from 1 to 3 cm) or onion selection - bulbs larger than 3 cm. goes to the arrow, and a small set is planted to get a turnip bulb.

Therefore, sort the seed before planting in the ground, separating the small set from a larger sample, do not cut the necks of the bulbs. Professionals recommend sevok and oatmeal specifically for winter planting, since they can dry out during winter storage indoors, and if they are planted in the ground, then next year they will give large bulbs.

Onions before winter: how to choose a place to plant

The second most important point that must be considered when planting onions before winter is the choice of location. The soil should be sufficiently loose (clayey dense soils will not work) and have a neutral reaction.

The selected area should be well lit and ventilated. And water, after the snow melts in spring, should not stagnate, because spring excess moisture is the worst enemy of any bulbous crop.

The best predecessors for onions are all grains (with the exception of oats), mustard, peas, corn, beets, cucumbers, rapeseed, tomatoes, phacelia, beans, lettuce, cabbage.

To prevent onions from becoming infected with nematodes, you should not plant them after beans, potatoes, red clover, alfalfa, parsley and celery.

Before planting, the soil must be dug up along with humus (norm: 5 kg per m²) and mineral fertilizers (from 10 to 15 grams of potassium salt and from 20 to 25 grams of superphosphate per m²). Mineral fertilizers can be replaced with ecofoska in the same amount. Already before planting, it is recommended to scatter ash on the site (10 grams per m²).

When to plant onions in the fall - planting dates

It has long been known that onions can be planted both in spring and autumn, but for some reason, planting onions in winter was not widespread until recently. Particularly wary was the planting of onions for the winter in cold regions - in Siberia, the Urals, and in the Moscow region, and in fact today there are many varieties of winter onions that winter well in the ground, but next year they give an early harvest.

How to plant onions in the fall, when to plant winter onions, how to protect them from winter frosts - we will answer all these questions in this article.

If you believe lunar calendar, then the most favorable days for planting onions in the fall of 2016 are September 19, 23, 24, 25 and 30, as well as October 9, 27, 30. Those who did not have time on these dates still have November 17, 19, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28.

The best time for planting onions in areas with not very cold winters is from late October to early November - 30-35 days before the onset of stable cold weather. Keep an eye on the outdoor thermometer: if the temperature drops to 5 ºC and lasts for several days, then it's time to plant onions.

When Should You Not Plant Onions?

In general, one should be guided by the weather: the onion should have time to grow roots before the onset of cold weather, but sprouts should not be allowed to appear. If you plant a bow ahead of time, it will go into the arrow and die from frost, with a late planting there is a risk that the roots will not have time to develop, and the seedling will freeze in the ground.

Some gardeners believe that planting onions in the ground at the end of November is the best solution, but in this case the result depends only on luck.

After what crop to plant onions

Often, not knowing what to plant onions after, gardeners make mistakes that lead to low yields. Good predecessors for onions are all grains, except for oats, corn, beets, mustard, rapeseed, phacelia, peas, beans, tomatoes, lettuce, cucumbers and any cabbage.

To avoid nematode infestation, do not plant onions after beans, potatoes, parsley, celery, alfalfa and red clover. You can grow winter onions as a second crop after harvesting rapeseed, winter barley, beans, peas, radishes, carrots and red beets, if you managed to harvest the first crop before the third decade of July.

The question is often asked whether it is possible to plant onions after onions. In one place, onions can be grown for no more than two years, the next time onions in this area, as well as in the area where garlic grew, can be planted no earlier than four years later.

Onion care after planting in the fall

Planting and caring for onions in the open field are simple and easy. As soon as the soil begins to warm up in the spring, remove the film from the winter onion, and after a week remove the mulch, sprinkle the area with ash at the rate of 10 g per m², and loosen the soil.

If the cover is removed too late, the onions may get wet under the film, and the mulch will delay the passage of sprouts through the thickness of the earth. It is desirable to loosen the soil after each rain or watering, while freeing the site from weeds.

The formation of four leaves in the seedlings indicates that the bulb has begun to form, which means that it is time to make a second top dressing, but before that, thin out the onion if it grows too thick. Pulled plants can be eaten.

As a second top dressing, 15-20 g of superphosphate and 10-15 g of potash fertilizer are applied per 1 m² of planting, and it is better to pre-dissolve superphosphate granules and ash in a solution of fermented herbs. Instead of mineral fertilizers, liquid chicken manure can be applied.

If the spring is wet, the onions are watered infrequently, but if it is hot and dry, you will have to arrange watering twice a week. To prevent the onion fly from ruining your crop, plant marigolds or calendula around the perimeter of the area with onions - this is guaranteed to save you from trouble. Winter onions ripen about a month earlier than those planted in spring.

When to plant winter onions in the suburbs

Planting onions in the Moscow region is almost no different from cultivating in Ukraine or other warm regions. Only a too cold winter can become a problem, but if the temperature does not drop below -15 ºC, and you cover the onion for the winter, then freezing does not threaten it.

If the frosts are stronger, but there is a lot of snow, then it remains to be hoped that in this case everything will go well.

Planting onions before winter in the Urals

Planting and caring for winter onions in the Urals are somewhat different from growing this crop in temperate regions. For example, planting dates are shifted closer to the beginning of autumn - from late September to mid-October.

Shelter for the winter in the Urals is mandatory, in addition, not every variety can be planted before winter in the Ural climate, but only those that have high winter hardiness.

Onions before winter will give a good result in the event of a dry spring. Planted in advance, it will collect all the winter moisture, which means it will give friendly early shoots, and before the onset of dry weather it will form a developed root system - the key to a good harvest.

If you are afraid that the seeds may freeze, then arrange an experiment. Select only the smallest bulbs for winter planting and look at the result. In any case, then it will be possible to plant an additional bed in May, so as not to be left without a crop at all.

There are no specific recommendations when choosing an onion variety for planting before winter, since any local zoned varieties are suitable. Is it not worth the risk with heat-loving southern varieties - they may well not withstand the winter frosts.

Onion planting material is divided into oatmeal (bulbs with a diameter of less than 1 cm), sets (bulbs in diameter from 1 to 3 cm) or onion selection - bulbs larger than 3 cm. goes to the arrow, and a small set is planted to get a turnip bulb.

Therefore, sort the seed before planting in the ground, separating the small set from a larger sample, do not cut the necks of the bulbs. Professionals recommend sevok and oatmeal specifically for winter planting, since they can dry out during winter storage indoors, and if they are planted in the ground, then next year they will give large bulbs.

The second most important point that must be considered when planting onions before winter is the choice of location. The soil should be sufficiently loose (clayey dense soils will not work) and have a neutral reaction.

The selected area should be well lit and ventilated. And water, after the snow melts in spring, should not stagnate, because spring excess moisture is the worst enemy of any bulbous crop.

To prevent onions from becoming infected with nematodes, you should not plant them after beans, potatoes, red clover, alfalfa, parsley and celery.

Before planting, the soil must be dug up along with humus (norm: 5 kg per m²) and mineral fertilizers (from 10 to 15 grams of potassium salt and from 20 to 25 grams of superphosphate per m²). Mineral fertilizers can be replaced with ecofoska in the same amount. Already before planting, it is recommended to scatter ash on the site (10 grams per m²).

It has long been known that onions can be planted both in spring and autumn, but for some reason, planting onions in winter was not widespread until recently. Particularly wary was the planting of onions for the winter in cold regions - in Siberia, the Urals, and in the Moscow region, and in fact today there are many varieties of winter onions that winter well in the ground, but next year they give an early harvest.

How to plant onions in the fall, when to plant winter onions, how to protect them from winter frosts - we will answer all these questions in this article.

The best time for planting onions in areas with not very cold winters is from late October to early November - 30-35 days before the onset of stable cold weather. Keep an eye on the outdoor thermometer: if the temperature drops to 5 ºC and lasts for several days, then it's time to plant onions.

In general, one should be guided by the weather: the onion should have time to grow roots before the onset of cold weather, but sprouts should not be allowed to appear. If you plant a bow ahead of time, it will go into the arrow and die from frost, with a late planting there is a risk that the roots will not have time to develop, and the seedling will freeze in the ground.

Some gardeners believe that planting onions in the ground at the end of November is the best solution, but in this case the result depends only on luck.

Often, not knowing what to plant onions after, gardeners make mistakes that lead to low yields. Good predecessors for onions are all grains, except for oats, corn, beets, mustard, rapeseed, phacelia, peas, beans, tomatoes, lettuce, cucumbers and any cabbage.

To avoid nematode infestation, do not plant onions after beans, potatoes, parsley, celery, alfalfa and red clover. You can grow winter onions as a second crop after harvesting rapeseed, winter barley, beans, peas, radishes, carrots and red beets, if you managed to harvest the first crop before the third decade of July.

Planting and caring for onions in the open field are simple and easy. As soon as the soil begins to warm up in the spring, remove the film from the winter onion, and after a week remove the mulch, sprinkle the area with ash at the rate of 10 g per m², and loosen the soil.

If the cover is removed too late, the onions may get wet under the film, and the mulch will delay the passage of sprouts through the thickness of the earth. It is desirable to loosen the soil after each rain or watering, while freeing the site from weeds.

The formation of four leaves in the seedlings indicates that the bulb has begun to form, which means that it is time to make a second top dressing, but before that, thin out the onion if it grows too thick. Pulled plants can be eaten.

As a second top dressing, 15-20 g of superphosphate and 10-15 g of potash fertilizer are applied per 1 m² of planting, and it is better to pre-dissolve superphosphate granules and ash in a solution of fermented herbs. Instead of mineral fertilizers, liquid chicken manure can be applied.

If the spring is wet, the onions are watered infrequently, but if it is hot and dry, you will have to arrange watering twice a week. To prevent the onion fly from ruining your crop, plant marigolds or calendula around the perimeter of the area with onions - this is guaranteed to save you from trouble. Winter onions ripen about a month earlier than those planted in spring.

Planting onions in the Moscow region is almost no different from cultivating in Ukraine or other warm regions. Only a too cold winter can become a problem, but if the temperature does not drop below -15 ºC, and you cover the onion for the winter, then freezing does not threaten it.

If the frosts are stronger, but there is a lot of snow, then it remains to be hoped that in this case everything will go well.

Planting and caring for winter onions in the Urals are somewhat different from growing this crop in temperate regions. For example, planting dates are shifted closer to the beginning of autumn - from late September to mid-October.

Shelter for the winter in the Urals is mandatory, in addition, not every variety can be planted before winter in the Ural climate, but only those that have high winter hardiness.

Can be planted in winter. In terms of timing, there is also a lot in common - you can plant at the same time. But onions, despite the fact that they are not a capricious crop, can be planted before winter in the Moscow region, and a rich harvest of spicy vegetables can be harvested to the envy of neighbors, and even earlier for a couple of months. But still there is a line significant features and the nuances that you need to know and observe so that the bulb comes out large, made, well stored, and does not give an arrow in the process of growth. Knowledge of these subtleties allows the summer resident, both during spring sowing and when planting onions for the winter, to get excellent harvests. And winter landings, in some way, have a number of significant advantages over early spring ones. Especially in areas with hot, rainy summers. Which is the middle zone of Russia.

Planting winter onions

A bed for planting is prepared in early autumn. At the same time, the place should be sunny, protected from drafts and well warmed up by the sun's rays. It is important to observe crop rotation in your area. Before allocating a place for its landing, it is necessary to take into account the cultures that grew on this place before it. You can not plant it after onions, garlic, potatoes, tomatoes, and other crops.

The best predecessors are carrots, beets, dill, zucchini, cucumbers, pumpkin.

Onions are not particularly demanding on the composition of the soil. But still, it prefers light loams, well-structured chernozems rich in humus. Not really fertile soils must be enriched with minerals. To do this, well-rotted manure (3-4 kg / m2) or mineral fertilizers are brought under the shovel: superphosphate (20-25 g / m2), potassium salt (10-15 g / m2), half a glass of ash per m2. Nitrogen fertilizers are introduced only in early spring ( ammonium nitrate 10-15gr./m2, urea).

The ridges should be high, rise above the level of the bed itself by 7 - 15 cm. It is cold on low, swampy ridges and winter onions hibernate worse. In addition, he is afraid of flooding during spring floods, he can sweat it out. It is necessary to cut them in advance (in 1-2 days) so that the earth shrinks, as it were, swollen, and only then distribute the sowing along the row to a depth of 2.5-4 cm (it should be approximately three diameters of a planting onion clove). The distance between rows should be 20-25 cm, and between onions in a row - 7-10 cm.

The seed material must first be disinfected by placing it in a fungicide or manganese solution for no more than 20-25 minutes, followed by drying.

Most good bow sevok to get large head, which lies well and does not give an arrow during the growing season, has a diameter of 1.5 cm. A larger set gives an arrow, with improper storage. Before planting, such a winter bow, in order to remove the arrow, is recommended to be immersed in boiling water for one minute.

A more modern way is to place it in the microwave for 1-1.5 minutes.

Thus, knowing which onion is better to plant before winter, and how to do it, the summer resident will easily receive the planned harvest in the summer, the harvest without loss.

When to plant onions before winter in 2018 according to the lunar calendar

Landing is started on average 25-35 days before the onset of a stable minus. Planting before winter in the suburbs , just fall on the 1-2 decade of October. It can be planted in November, subject to optimal temperatures.

Auspicious days in 2018:

• October - 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26
• November - 1, 2, 19, 20, 21, 22, 28, 29

The most important thing is to guess with the timing so that the onion sets only have time to get enough moisture, swell and take root well, but at the same time they will not start growing and not give shoots that appear above the soil surface. In this case, its winter hardiness is greatly reduced.

It is best to plant winter onions when the soil reaches a temperature of 2-3 ºС.

The sowing rate of the sowing should also be increased, in case the plants “fall out” due to severe frosts.

In the case of a favorable wintering, in the spring you can thin out the rows for the first green salads. Later, when the ground begins to freeze, be sure to cover the bed with spruce branches, dry litter, peat, or agricultural material. Cover with snow in winter. In the spring, as early as possible, this blanket will need to be “removed” in order to open the surface of the garden bed to the first rays of the sun and heat.

In the case of snowless and very cold winter with prolonged frosts below -2ºС, the result of wintering can be sad. But it can be corrected. In the spring, after the snow melts, when the earth warms up enough, “repair” them with onion sets left for spring.

In the same period, for laying a large bulb, it is important not to be late with early spring feeding with a solution of mullein, bird droppings (1:10, 1:15, respectively). It is advisable to cover winter onions with a film so that moisture does not evaporate. A little later, closer to the second decade of May, carry out another top dressing with mineral fertilizers at the rate of 1 tbsp. l. on a bucket of water: superphosphate, potassium sulfate, wood ash and mullein 1:10 (1 part mullein: 10 parts water). With nitrogen fertilizers it is better not to be zealous. Their overabundance will lead to the growth of a green leaf, which will adversely affect the size of the head.

Planting onions before winter means not to miscalculate!

Such winter planting, has a number of advantages over spring:

1. Firstly, the summer resident, having planted onions before winter, frees his time from these worries in the spring. After all, in the spring there is especially not enough time, along with the simultaneously piled up worries about all cultures at once.
2. Secondly, it sprouts very early, long before the spring sowing is planted. And moisture during this period is the dominant factor for its development and laying the future crop. This is also a plus - it does not need to be watered. Save time and water.
3. Thirdly, winter onions are more tender and sweeter than spring onions, it turns out to be fulfilled and ripened, therefore it is well stored. During the entire growing season, it has enough moisture to build up a large juicy mass. And by the time of harvesting, just at the end of May, which is 1.5 - 2 months earlier than spring harvesting, precipitation is in short supply, which is what the onions need in the pre-harvest state. Which also favorably affects its gradual ripening in vivo. The root neck dries to the desired state, so that the causative agent of neck rot cannot penetrate inside the head. All this contributes to good keeping quality during the entire storage period.
4. Fourthly, planting an onion for the winter means protecting it from the onion fly. By the time she wakes up, she is no longer afraid of him.
5. Fifth, keeping onions in winter is sometimes a whole problem. In this case, it disappears. You don’t need to store it, you don’t have to rack your brains where to put it so that it doesn’t dry out or snot, and how to save it so that it doesn’t give an arrow in the spring. This is especially true for the small fraction, the so-called oatmeal (up to 1 cm in diameter). During storage, it simply dries out, although when planting such a bow for the winter, it does not turn out bad heads, and even not giving an arrow.
6. Sixthly, the first spring greens, the first vitamins, are already on the table in April. You can make the first green salads.

Varieties of onions for planting before winter

And yet, not every variety of spicy vegetable can be planted in the winter in your area. Winter varieties specially bred by breeders for this purpose. Therefore, before deciding to land it on your suburban area next year, you need to familiarize yourself with the list of such varieties and, choosing the most suitable one, purchase it in a specialized store.

Winter varieties are the most winter-hardy, resistant to fungal diseases and gray rot, first of all.

Spring varieties require a long daylight hours, respectively, sown in the fall, it will give a friendly arrow in the spring and the entire crop can be thrown into the trash.

Such valuable qualities the following winter varieties have: Elodi, Buffalo, Avanti, Augusta, Radar, Danilovsky, Odintsovets, Ellan, Strigunovsky, Swift, Arzamas local, Bessonovsky, Malakoff, Siberian early, others; hybrids: Ibis, Imago, Music, Wolf, Radar, Panther, Siberia, Echo, others.

It turns out that in order to grow a winter onion variety, you just need a little knowledge and work to get the desired yield. It turns out that this is not as difficult as it seems at first glance.

And planting onions before winter in the Moscow region, as well as in middle lane Russia and even in distant Siberia lovely way growing such a useful, irreplaceable vegetable in the national Russian cuisine. Now there is no need to complain about bad climatic conditions, frost, drought, lack of irrigation, bad land, pests, diseases, bad seed material. You just need to change the approach and technology for growing onion vegetables so that it is in abundance all winter and all year. Have a good harvest!

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