How different varieties of onions are used. Which onion is best stored

There are crops that have been cultivated by man for thousands of years. Selection work to change the quality characteristics are still ongoing, improving the taste, resistance to climatic conditions. In a short review, we will tell you which varieties of onions are popular among domestic gardeners and what is their peculiarity.

Onions have been cultivated by man for 6 thousand years.

reference Information

The onion is biennial plant from the lily family, which has been cultivated by man for 6 thousand years. Ancient warriors believed in magical properties vegetable, so they wore it as a talisman against enemy weapons. Regular consumption of food protected from the evil eye and witchcraft.

Modern scientists have found that magical properties onions do not possess, however, a huge amount of useful substances makes the culture an indispensable component on a person’s table. The composition of the vegetable includes:

• sugar (fructose, glucose, sucrose);
• acids (malic, citric);
• vitamins (C, E, group B);
• flavonoids;
• enzymes;
• essential oils.

One bulb contains daily rate human in ascorbic acid. Essential volatile substances have bactericidal properties, killing pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Pungent taste and spicy aroma improves digestion and the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract. Regular consumption of raw vegetables improves the quality of the oral cavity.

Our gardeners know more than 80 varieties onion. Three varieties are distinguished according to the growing season:

• early ripening - 80–90 days;
• mid-season - 3-4 months;
• late-ripening - over 120 days.

More than 80 varieties of onions are known

According to taste and aromatic qualities, turnip onions are divided into the following types:

• sharp - ripens quickly and is stored for a long time, can be collected using agricultural machinery;
• peninsular - excellent yield, but difficulties in harvesting and preserving the crop;
• sweet - grows only in the southern regions.

"According to the method of cultivation: some are grown from sets and selection, others - from sets and in an annual crop from seeds, others - in an annual crop when seeds are sown in the ground or seedlings."

The regional distribution of turnip onion varieties is clear, so you can not grow sweet types of vegetables in the northern or middle latitudes. A long growing season will not allow the plant to fully develop and all the bulbs will have the usual spicy taste. Frost-resistant varieties in the southern latitudes will not give the promised harvest, since heat will not develop to its full potential.

Early maturing varieties

When choosing turnip onions for planting on the site, gardeners most often pay attention to the growing season, so varieties with a ripening period of less than 3 months are popular. Let's analyze suitable options both for the Moscow region and for the climatic zones of the North and the Urals.

Timiryazevsky onion has juicy white flesh

Timiryazev varieties ripen within 70–85 days from the date of planting. These are small onions - from 60 to 90 grams with juicy white flesh and rich golden husks. The shape of the head is flat. Subject to storage rules, keeping quality is excellent. Remember: in order to have fewer shooters, the sevok is kept in the cold.

The Mstera turnip variety ripens 2.5 months after planting. The flat head is covered with yellowish-pink scales, inside there is a sharp white pulp. The weight of the bulbs is up to 100 grams. It tolerates transportation and long-term storage at optimal conditions.

The Bessonovsky variety was bred in Penza region, so it is great for the suburbs. The growing season of turnips is from 80 to 95 days. It is undemanding to watering and differs in the increased productivity. The bulbs are flat, the mass of which ranges from 40 to 65 grams.

Stuttgarter Riesen is a popular early variety with a ripening period of 65 to 75 days. Differs in the increased productivity - over 3 kg from one square meter. Medium turnips are covered with a dense golden husk, and inside - a bright white color. Spicy taste due to a large number essential substances. Universal application.

Carmen ripens within 2-3 months, depending on climatic conditions and care. Round turnips weighing up to 120 grams are covered with purple scales, the flesh on the cut is white with a reddish tint. The semi-sharp taste makes the variety suitable for both salads and cooking. Disease resistant and keeps well.

Onion Carmen semi-sharp taste

Mid-season varieties

The yield depends on the length of the growing season, however, not all climatic zones allow growing onions for more than 4 months. Therefore, breeders have developed a mid-ripening turnip. But such plants require increased attention of the gardener during cultivation and harvesting - an excess of mineral fertilizers or injuries on the bulbs reduce the shelf life.

Rainbow is a universal mid-season variety, the formation period of which is from 90 to 115 days. Round turnips have dense red scales, as well as white flesh. Purple rings are visible on the cut, which is so popular with hostesses for making salads. The taste is semi-sharp, and if the plant is grown in the south, then it becomes cloyingly sweet.

Donetsk Golden is a high-yielding mid-season variety, the formation period of which is 110 days. Round bulbs weigh up to 200 grams and are covered with dense light brown scales. White semi-sharp pulp is used by housewives for both heat treatment and salads. At observance of rules of storage it is saved up to 8 months.

Sturon is dutch variety onion, which is characterized by increased productivity. Large spherical heads grow weighing 180 grams. Saturated golden scales fit snugly to the bulb, the flesh is white, sharp. The plant is not afraid of diseases and is well stored. Excellent grown in northern and middle latitudes.

Onion Sturon has a high yield

Danilovsky 301 is a domestic mid-season variety. Small bulbs (up to 100 grams) are covered with bright purple scales. The slightly spicy taste makes it an excellent salad vegetable. At proper storage there is practically no rot and germination.

Late-ripening varieties

Sweet onions are a gift for cooking, but their cultivation requires a lot of sunlight and warm days. growing season late-ripening varieties is more than four months, which makes it impossible to cultivate them in the middle lanes.

Spanish 313 matures and forms over 4 months. Large turnips weigh 150 grams. These are round turnips with pale pink outer scales and juicy white flesh. Excellent sweet taste allows you to use both fresh and after heat treatment. Very picky about the conditions of storage and transportation.

Volsky Late-ripening is a domestic variety, the growing season of which is 4-4.5 months. Round medium bulbs are covered with a dense husk of dark sandy color. The flesh is pale yellow, the taste is semi-sharp, turning into sweet. A distinctive feature is bright red rings on the cut, which will decorate any dish. Resistant to many onion diseases and has a long shelf life.

Exhibition is an original Dutch variety of onion. When sowing, the plant is formed into heads weighing up to 150 grams. If you grow seedlings, then you get giant turnips - over 500 grams. Round bulbs are covered with golden scales. The pulp is sweet, so it is ideal for a salad. Resistant to diseases, but not subject to long-term storage.

In our review, we examined the popular varieties of onions that have won the love of our gardeners. By analyzing the growing season, you can calculate the possibility of growing a late or early vegetable in your garden.

In any household, onions are simply irreplaceable. But not everyone can grow it. Those who live in the so-called "onion-growing" areas have the least problems - a good turnip grows there by itself, but the rest have to work hard to stock up onions for the winter. We will talk about popular onion varieties and hybrids that can be grown from seeds and sets, for greens and turnips.

In any household, onions are simply irreplaceable. But not everyone can grow it. Those who live in the so-called "onion-growing" areas have the least problems - a good turnip grows there by itself, but the rest have to work hard to stock up onions for the winter. We will talk about popular onion hybrids that can be grown from seeds and sets, for greens and turnips.

From seeds - sevok

There are several ways to grow onions: seeds (chernushka), sevkom, sampling, seedlings. Onions are grown in a one-, two-, three-year culture. With an annual crop, a marketable bulb is obtained from seeds or seedlings in one year. With a two-year culture, small onion sets are grown from seeds in the first year, and marketable bulbs are grown from seeds in the second year. Sometimes a three-year culture is practiced, using samples (underdeveloped bulbs) for the third year to obtain a large turnip.
Growing onions from seeds is a rather troublesome business, and yet it is a traditional way for Ukraine. Every year, many gardeners buy a bag of seeds (nigella) and independently grow planting bulbs - sets.
Due to the density of the shell, the nigella is pre-soaked or stratified. For sowing nigella choose well-lit areas. The soil should be neutral (pH 6.5-7), well-drained, clay-sand, fertilized. Before planting, it is dug up to the depth of the spade bayonet. Nigella is sown according to the scheme 45x3-5 cm to a depth of 1 cm, the norm is 1 g of seeds per 1 m2.
Seedlings after the appearance of two true leaves are thinned out, leaving the plants at a distance of 2-4 cm from each other. The second thinning is carried out in the phase of 4-5 leaves at a distance of 4-6 cm.
Further care of crops consists in loosening the soil, watering (during the growth period) and weeding. To avoid constant weeding, you can use a special pre-emergence stop herbicide* designed to control annual grasses and broadleaf weeds in onion beds.

Our advice

Plants in the beds are fed mineral fertilizers(in the first half of the growing season, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium, in the second - phosphorus-potassium).

At the end of August, before the beginning of the period of intense rains, the grown seedlings are harvested. The bulbs are dug up and left in the garden until the leaves dry. Then they are removed, the sets are sorted, dried, packed in vegetable nets and stored until spring at a constant temperature of up to 15 ° C. The place for storing the sevka should be dry, well ventilated so that the onion does not rot or become moldy.

From Sevka - bulb

In the spring, when the soil warms up enough (April-May) and stable warm weather sets in, onion sets are planted on the beds to get onion turnips. By the way, in the folk calendar there is the day of Luke (May 5), it was on him that our ancestors were guided when they planted sevok. It is important to plant sevok in optimal timing: if the soil has not warmed up enough (up to 12 ° C), it will go into the arrow, if it is late with planting, the bulb will slowly develop.
Seeds are planted according to the scheme of 20 cm (between rows) and 10 cm (between bulbs), close up to a depth of 3-4 cm. Consumption planting material- 60-80 g per 1 m2. When growing sevka on greens, dry necks of onions must be cut off before planting; if onions are grown from sevka, dry necks are not cut off.

Our advice

When the green leaves reach 15 cm in height, preventive treatment of onions from fungal diseases is carried out (1 teaspoon blue vitriol and 5 ml of macho adhesive - per 10 liters of water, consumption of 0.5 liters of solution per 1 m2 of planting).

During the growing season, plants are treated against onion flies and thrips with the insecticide Bombardier Aqua (2.5-3.0 ml per 5 liters of water - per 1 weave). After spraying this systemic insecticide is absorbed into the leaves and spreads throughout the aerial part of the plant. It is not washed off by rain and irrigation water, it is retained in plants for more than 25 days, protecting even those shoots that appeared after treatment. In addition, the insecticide works flawlessly in hot weather which is especially important for the southern regions.
Onions are harvested in August-September, after lodging and yellowing of the leaves. It is very important not to miss the harvesting deadlines, because after 10 days the onion resumes its growth and becomes unsuitable for storage.

Accelerated program

Onions can be grown as an annual crop by direct sowing of seeds in the ground. For this method more
early and mid-season varieties are suitable, both spicy and sweet (table). The advantage of growing in an annual crop of nigella is that the onion almost does not throw arrows and forms a bulb in one season. Sowing can be carried out from mid-April, while it is important to carry out good training soil and seeds to ensure high germination. In early spring, when the snow melts in the garden, seeds are sown, pre-soaked and dried to flowability. So that the seedlings do not suffer from recurrent frosts, they are covered with a film. After sowing, the rows can be sprinkled with low-lying peat, which prevents the formation of a crust on the soil surface and contributes to its warming.
At favorable conditions shoots appear in 7-10 days. Thick crops are thinned out, leaving a distance of 6-8 cm between the seedlings. This is best done when the greens have grown enough and can be used for making salads.
When growing turnips from seeds, it is important to weed the beds in time, irrigate in dry weather, feed them in the phase of 3-5 true leaves and during the formation of the bulb, when its diameter is twice the diameter of the false stem. Usually top dressing is combined with watering. Plants form by autumn quality bulbs which, after thorough drying, are ready for long-term storage.

Which variety to choose?

There are hundreds of varieties of onions. The most important qualities of each variety are taste and ability to be stored (keeping quality), and if appearance is important to you, evenness and beautiful shape bulbs. Please note that the most common onion varieties with yellow and golden dry scales (husks) are always stored better, but bulbs with red, purple ( Yalta, Veselka, Carmen, Red Baron, Brunswick, etc.) and white scales ( Agostana, Albion, Belyanka, Mouzona, Snowball, Sterling F1, Pompey and others.) are milder and sweeter in taste.
Spicy varieties (table) are commonly used in sauces, soups, fish dishes, meats, vegetables, canning, and homemade preparations. Bulbs of peninsular and sweet varieties ( Yalta, Exhibition) are indispensable for vitamin salads and fresh consumption.
Red onion ( Amphora, Carmen, Red Baron) is a recognized favorite in cooking. Due to its slightly spicy delicate taste, pleasant mild smell and, most importantly, the intense color of juicy (inner) dark red scales, it is an indispensable ingredient in many vegetable salads. And in a purple bow ( Carmen, Mavka, Brunswick) contain anthocyanins and sulfur compounds that lower blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of blood clots. All this should be taken into account when choosing onion seeds for planting.
If it is not possible to save sets until spring, master the technology of growing onions in an annual crop. The most suitable for this are early low-bearing varieties and hybrids with a short growing season and a small nest - Amphora, Belyanka, Daytona F1, Globus, Exhibition, Lugansky, Red Baron, Skvirsky, Rubin, Stuttgarter Riesen, Tkachenkovsky, etc.
IN last years gardeners are increasingly planting sevok before winter, and there is a reason for this. Firstly, the crop ripens two weeks earlier than during spring planting, and secondly, the greens also appear earlier. When planting in winter, it is important that the bulbs have time to take root, but do not begin to grow, so the best time for planting is a couple of weeks before the first frost (October).

Our advice

If you plan to plant onions before winter, use winter varieties Shakespeare (mid-season, winter-hardy, semi-sharp in taste), Radar (medium-late, with large bulbs weighing up to 300 g) or Senshui (early ripe, with large bulbs weighing up to 250 g).

The most popular type of spicy onion - Stuttgarter Riesen. Gardeners love it for its early (from seedling growth to harvest up to 75 days) and high yield (up to 8 kg of turnip is harvested from 1 m2 of planting). The bulbs are flattened, dense, large, weighing up to 180 g. It does not shoot, it is resistant to diseases, it is stored for 6-8 months.
Pay special attention to the universal varieties of domestic selection Mavka and Lyubchik. Mavka - mid-season (vegetation period 102-114 days) high productive variety red lettuce. The bulbs are flat-round, dense, weighing 75-100 g. Forms powerful outer scales that protect the bulb well during storage. The inner scales are thick, very juicy and crispy. Suitable for long-term storage, processing and fresh consumption. Lyubchik is a mid-early variety (85-100 days), recommended for growing in an annual crop from seeds and sets. The bulbs are dense, elongated-oval, weighing 100-150 g, semi-sharp taste. Dry scales are yellow, juicy - white, in the upper part with greenery. The variety is valued for its excellent taste. Suitable for long term storage.

note

Landing onion manufacturers calibrate it into 5 main fractions. Information about the fraction must be indicated on the mesh label. But in order to choose the landing bow you need, it is useful to know what the difference between these fractions is.

Fraction 8-14 mm- the smallest bulbs, which are not recommended to be stored until spring, so as not to dry out. This perfect size onions for planting before winter. Does not shoot;
Fraction 14-21 mm- medium-sized sevok. The most popular fraction, both for planting in spring and before winter. Does not shoot;
Fractions 21-24 and 24-30 mm- large sevok. When buying onions of these fractions, you need to understand that such sets are planted mainly in autumn on early greens. If planted in the spring, shooting is possible, but there is also a plus - early ripening and a guaranteed harvest of larger bulbs.
Fraction 30-40 mm- onion-samples. Such bulbs are suitable for growing on greens, but are not suitable for obtaining onions - they will direct all their efforts to procreation (flower arrow), and not to form a marketable bulb.

Our advice
When buying sevok, be sure to inspect the product. It is important that the bulbs are dry, dense to the touch, free of stains, damage and mold.

Svetlana KUKHARSKAYA,
plant protection consultant

© Magazine "Ogorodnik"

With the advent of spring comes the summer season. Gardeners face many issues that need to be resolved in a short time. The most basic of these is the question of which crops to plant this year first.

Gardeners grow different types vegetables and fruits, and among them often turns out to be onions. It is unpretentious, does not require special and complex care, but is very often used in the preparation of various dishes.

The choice of such a crop for planting is quite justified, but often causes difficulties, since inexperienced summer residents experience some difficulties in selecting planting material among a wide variety of varieties. To make the right choice, you should know what characteristics and palatability possesses one or another type of onion.

Before you start planting a seedling, you should decide on what qualities the final product should have.

Usually summer residents prefer to simply buy planting material at the nearest garden store. But you can do it more difficult - prepare the sevok yourself and save on its purchase.

It does not matter which of these two methods you choose, but you should definitely know all the criteria that you need to focus on when selecting seedlings. When choosing a set, the following main parameters are distinguished:

Bulb size

Among other parameters that should be considered when choosing planting material, the size of the bulbs should be highlighted. Based on this criterion, representatives of crop production identified three main groups of seedlings, which differ from each other in size:

Varieties belonging to the representatives of the second and third groups are stored in winter until the beginning of spring, since they are intended for planting at this particular time of the year. Large varieties of onion sets are great for getting green feathers in winter and spring.

Varieties for planting in the middle lane

To get a good harvest of onions, you should not only select high-quality sevka for planting, but also choose suitable variety for your climate. All forms have their own characteristics, for example, cost, ripening period and yield. Today, the market offers a huge amount of planting material of a wide variety of varieties. Among all this assortment, the most popular spring species, which are preferred by gardeners in Russia, should be highlighted.

Sturon

Due to its quality characteristics, Sturon is one of the most recommended varieties of onions among gardeners and summer residents. The main advantage of this form is the early ripening period. In addition, it is famous for its good taste, juiciness and moderate spiciness.

Technically mature bulbs can be of medium and large sizes. When it is time to harvest, one bulb of Sturon has a weight of 90 to 150 g. In the process of ripening, one nest is formed in the fruits of this variety.

Among other advantages of Sturon, it is worth noting a high percentage of germination and good yields. The disadvantages include unsuitability for obtaining green feathers. Since the variety is considered early ripe, they begin to harvest it 8-12 days before the usual time for onions.

Ideal for growing in northern climatic zones such as Russia, Northern Europe and Scandinavia. Has resistance to various diseases. Many summer residents and farmers choose this particular variety for planting and subsequent sale, as it has a long shelf life.

Stuttgarter Riesen

Stuttgarter Riesen is another popular early ripe variety. It is often chosen for cultivation in Russia, as it is well adapted to our climatic conditions. Bulbs of a dense structure, may differ from each other in shape and weight, be flat or rounded, medium or large in size. The taste is pronounced sharpness. Medium bulbs have a weight of 50 to 94 g, and large ones - from 150 to 300 g. It stands out among other varieties with a high content of vitamin C.

Reproduction can occur in three ways:

• Sevkom.
• Seeds.
• seedlings.

Stuttgarter Riesen is characterized as a very productive variety with high germination and long shelf life. To get a good harvest, such onions should be watered regularly, as well as loosen the ground and remove weeds. Able to maintain its commercial qualities for about six months.

The disadvantages of this variety include the inability to resist diseases. Neck rot and downy mildew can lead to the death of planting material and plants.

Centurion

Centurion is a novelty bred by breeders as part of the Stuttgarter Riesen variety. Bulb of a standard elongated shape, has a weight of about 110-150 g. The taste is quite spicy, suitable for long-term storage, does not lose shape and taste.

Able to show one hundred percent germination if planting took place under favorable conditions. It can give a good harvest if you follow all the rules of care. It successfully resists almost all known diseases.

It is not used for growing greenery, it is an excellent planting material for seed production. Very rarely grows in an arrow, differs in keeping quality. It is used for cultivation for the purpose of subsequent sale of goods.

Hercules

Hercules - medium early variety, round bulbs, large sizes. Perfect for growing in all regions of Russia. Upon reaching technical maturity, the fruits have a shape resembling an ellipse and weigh about 160 g.

Hercules has a pleasant taste - it is quite sweet, but there is a sharpness. The advantages of the variety include high keeping quality and productivity, long shelf life and good disease resistance. Resistant to fusarium, pink and bottom rot.

Red Baron

Red Baron - a representative of early varieties, differs from other varieties in its red or purple color. By harvest, it reaches a rounded shape, can be small or large in size and weigh from 25 to 40 g or from 130 to 150 g.

Farmers and summer residents choose this variety because of its stable yield, good maturation and excellent keeping quality. It pleases with its taste qualities with a slight sharpness. Needs regular watering, weeding and loosening the soil should also be carried out. In this case, it will be possible to get a good and high-quality harvest. Able to reproduce in several ways, namely: sevkom, seedlings or with the help of seeds.

The sweet and pleasant taste of this variety of onions has contributed to the fact that it is often eaten fresh and used in salads.

Carmen

Carmen belongs to varieties with red bulbs. It has good taste with little spiciness. The bulbs have a medium density and a rounded, slightly flattened shape. They can weigh from 50 to 120 g.

Carmen has a high content of vitamin C and dry matter. Well kept and brings big harvest, they can be enjoyed almost all winter. Propagated not only by sevkom, but also by seedlings or seeds.

Stardust

Stardust is a mid-early variety, it can be used for spring sowing. He has very pleasant taste features with a small ridge. It is very popular among gardeners because of the high percentage of germination and yield. The bulbs are even, rounded, weigh about 30-50 g, but large specimens are often obtained. Well stored, characterized by high keeping quality. Propagated by sevkom or by seeds.

Orion

Orion is an English early maturing hybrid variety. Its bulbs are perfectly rounded and grow to large sizes. The weight of one copy reaches 150-200 g.

Orion is quite in demand among gardeners, as it has good keeping quality.

Shtur BS-20

Shtur BS-20 is a representative of varieties with medium-late ripening. The husk is yellow, the flesh is white and juicy. Rich in a number of dry substances. Bulbs have a rounded smooth shape. Well stored and retains its taste during the entire shelf life.

Each summer resident, when planting sevka, hopes to get a good harvest of sweet onions. At right choice sowing and varieties, even in the absence of experience, excellent results can be achieved in central Russia and its northern regions.

When choosing planting material, one should rely on quality characteristics sevka, since it is possible to obtain a marketable crop only using bulbs that have been properly stored.

Of course, a lot depends on the type of onion itself. The market is replete with variety and a large assortment, so you should make a choice, taking into account your wishes for the future harvest. You will need to decide what is more important: size, ripening period or storage time.

Farmers and greenhouses receive crops of green feathers and root crops, growing on their areas perennial bows and turnip. Vegetable growers choose either famous varieties onions, or sow hybrids that have proven themselves and have positive reviews. The onion seed market is vast, and each offer has its own advantages and disadvantages.

What varieties are available

Experts distinguish onion varieties according to the speed of ripening and divide them into early, middle and late types.

Important: Drought, deficiency nutrients, soil compaction leads to the formation of a small bulb and its quick care to a state of rest, regardless of the characteristics of the planting material.

When grown from nigella, one root crop is formed in the first year of life. A plant grown from bulbs with a diameter of less than 3 cm is able to form a different number of turnips in the nest. According to this ability, onion varieties are divided into:

• small nested, with the formation of 1-2 turnips;
• medium nested with 2-3 root crops;
• multi-celled, if more than 4 bulbs are formed.

By taste, spicy, peninsular, sweet varieties are distinguished.

Bulbs of spicy varieties contain a large amount of essential oils that give the vegetable bitterness. These root crops contain a lot of dry matter, which makes it possible for the turnip to maintain its quality characteristics for a long time. Sharp varieties of onions ripen quickly and are grown throughout Russia.

Semi-sharp onion varieties contain more moisture and sugars, which reduces their shelf life by several times. Sweet bulbs require up to 160 days to mature. They need long daylight hours. This condition can be fulfilled in most of Russia only with the help of artificial lighting in closed ground.

Zoned varieties of onions

The State Register registers varieties traditionally used by Russians to harvest turnip.

Bessonovsky - early ripe variety created in the Penza region. The scales have a sharp taste.

The growing season of the sevka from the first leaves to harvest is 85 days. In the Bessonovka nest, up to 5 round-flat bulbs are formed, with an average weight of 30 g.

This is an old Russian variety, the characteristics of which are known to farmers in Russia. Bessonovskaya turnip is grown from seeds or through sets. Judging by the reviews, Bessonovsky competes with new popular onion hybrids in terms of taste, keeping quality and yield.

Kaba is a late-ripening semi-sharp variety that forms no more than 2 bulbs in the nest. It is cultivated for 1 season from nigella. It takes 123 days from sowing in the ground to harvesting the turnip. A mature root crop with a cast-iron shape and a flat top has brown shades.

Krasnodar G-35 is a semi-sharp small-nested mid-ripening onion variety. Ripens in 120 days. The onion coloration of the outer scales is yellow-brown. The average weight of a round turnip is about 50 gr. It is poorly preserved.

Onion Strigunovsky - a variety of the Kursk region, capable of growing a turnip weighing 30 grams. for 1 season from seeds. It is a sharp, small-nested onion that takes 123 days to mature. Strigunovsky onion has a rounded root crop with a slight run to the neck. The color of the scales is light yellow, with a slight pink tinge. Root crops are stored until spring, retaining all the nutrients.

Important: In the second year of life, the sevok planted in the ground does not shoot and forms a head of about 200 g.

Arzamas - a variety obtained in the Nizhny Novgorod region. 3 bulbs are formed in the nest, each weighing 80 g. The crop ripens 110 days after planting.

Onion Danilovsky - an onion variety improved by the Gribov breeding station. Flat bulbs have a semi-sharp taste. This is a salad onion, the juicy scales of which are painted in a slightly purple color. The color of dry scales has a purple-red tint. Up to 3 large turnips can grow in the nest.

It happens that onion Danilovsky forms 1 large root crop weighing 200 g. To obtain medium turnips of this variety, seeds are needed, onions from which can be obtained 110 days after germination. Bulbs of 1 year of life have a weight of about 60 grams.

winter onion

Winter onions are planted to obtain early greens and root crops. Planting sevka takes place in ready-made beds in late autumn so that it can take root, but does not grow. Such varieties of onions or hybrids are used in areas where there is a high snow cover and a short summer.

In early spring, plants begin to grow a feather, rarely give arrows. 80 days after germination, bulbs are harvested, which are stored for 3 months. It could be:

• Bamberger, loving sandy soils rich in humus.

• Kaoba is a powerful hybrid from the Netherlands, forming large bulbs that have a bright yellow color.
• Snowball is a white bow that is resistant to the formation of arrows. It is well stored, has a medium-sized turnip, sweet pulp.
• Senshui Yelou Glob, which gives a high percentage of germination of planting material after overwintering in the ground. It survives Siberian frosts well. It forms a bulb of a flat, rounded shape of a golden-bronze color.

• Elan is an ultra-early variety. It was created by Kuban breeders. Root crops ripen in early June. Onion forms bulbs on short day, which contributes to the ripening of an early harvest, but lies poorly. It is meant to be eaten in summer.
• Shakespeare produces a good quality turnip with yellowish brown outer scales. It can hibernate in snowless winter conditions at a temperature of -50C.

• Siberia f1 is a high-yielding hybrid with white flesh. Root crops are dense, covered with red-brown scales.
• A radar that can be stored for a long time.

What is winter onion, how to grow it, and why this species is preferred by the villagers, is described in the video.

Hybrids and varieties from other countries

Hybrids are obtained by crossing new varieties of foreign origin with zoned onion species. This allows you to get seeds that are resistant to the adverse conditions of central Russia, temporarily improve the characteristics of the variety.

Domestic onion Golden Semko with white tasty pulp is an early ripe hybrid of semi-sharp taste. It is capable of forming a rounded root crop weighing up to 100 g in 83 days. The bulbs are single-bearing, capable of long-term storage. Root crops lie up to six months, retaining their marketable qualities.

Valentino is a hybrid onion from Spain that lasts up to 5 months during winter storage. It is of interest to farmers because it is resistant to putrefactive lesions of the bulb.

Valentino is grown by sowing nigella in the ground at the end of April. In the phase of 3 leaves, the crops are thinned out, leaving a distance between 2 sprouts of at least 5 cm. With normal care of the beds, a yield of up to 4 kg / m2 is obtained. The weight of 1 root crop reaches 200 gr.

Varieties suitable for cultivation in industrial volumes come from Holland to Russia. Root crops grown over a 1-year period from Dutch breeders are well transported, stored for a long time, and do not rot. They have good taste and save everything beneficial features Luke.

Description of Dutch varieties and hybrids is given with a photo so that you can see how they look the best hybrids. Farmers love to grow Manas onions. This is a late-ripening hybrid that forms a rounded brown onion. The root crop has a semi-sharp taste and gives the food a spicy flavor. It is used in salads raw, suitable for meat and cooking various dishes with heat treatment.

Red Baron is the name of the annual red onion known to many farmers. This is a lettuce variety, the bulbs of which are painted in a dark reddish hue. They have a sweet taste and are often eaten raw. The Red Baron is disease resistant. The turnip ripening period is 95 days.

Sterling F1, hybrid onion, Dutch, requires a long daylight hours. At seedling method in the Kuban gives white bulbs up to 800g in size.

Shallot varieties

Types of onion in home gardens of the northwestern part of the country are often replaced by multi-nested shallots. This type of onion is propagated by seeds and turnips, which rarely release a flower arrow.

Each root crop has from 3 to 30 rudiments, which allows you to get a large nest of onions suitable for eating. It is valued for its good keeping quality, delicate taste, frost resistance. Common varieties of shallots:

• Ginger, forming rhombic, beveled heads on one side of a bright red color. The variety ripens later than other types of family onions, which allows it to survive the July drought and develop further. Up to 10 per nest.
• Knyazhich giving 8 large heads up to 50 g and a long, powerful feather that retains elasticity long time.
• Old Russian, with purple juicy scales. In a bush, 8 large root crops are formed in 2 months.
• Andreyka, semi-sharp variety with dry dark brown scales and pinkish juicy flesh. It forms a turnip weighing 26 g.

Producers manage to get shallot hybrids. This allows you to improve the characteristics of the family onion, increase disease resistance, reduce the thickness of the neck. Shallot requires careful pre-planting processing.

Onions for greens

Perennial onions are grown to produce multiple crops of green feathers. Their cultivation in closed ground can occur all year round. In the open ground, when using different varieties, one obtains green feather throughout the warm season.

Onion batun

Batun is highly branched and forms a mass of tubular leaves. The bulbs are cylindrical and poorly developed. Plants of the first year of life by the end of the summer season begin to branch and make it possible at the end of August to cut the first crop of young leaves. If young plants grow closely, they break through, eating the feather along with the bulbs. At the 2nd year of life, the batun throws out flower-bearing arrows and forms seeds that germinate in the garden in the fall.

Among the varieties known are Gribovsky, April and Maisky. April 12 begins to grow green leaves immediately after the topsoil thaws. The first shoots can be seen after the beds are cleared of ice and snow cover. After a month, it forms arrows and may go dormant due to improper care.

Maysky and Gribovsky varieties of onions replace those who have retired April batun. They form leaves in early May and produce several crops of greenery until mid-June.

Of the recently bred varieties of practical interest are:

1. Russian size grown as an annual. It is sown in early spring and by autumn branched plants are obtained, which are uprooted.
2. Russian winter - lettuce variety, forming powerful bushes from the second year, and growing in 1 place up to 6 years.
3. Pierrot is an early ripening variety suitable for greenhouses. It is used for early forcing in greenhouses and greenhouses.
4. Legionnaire is resistant to downy mildew. From sowing to open ground before receiving marketable products 45 days are required. Greens retain freshness for a long time after harvesting.
5. Green Banner - the description of the variety contains an indication that this is a Dutch variety of batun, which has a high adaptation to weather conditions.

The latter variety is distinguished by a well-developed root system and large thick dark green leaves with a bluish wax coating. It is resistant to fungal infections that cause rotting of the underground part and feather. Easily tolerates the hot season and is recommended for cultivation in dry areas, in open and closed ground.

Tiered Bow

This type of onion, which gives a quality feather, is propagated by airy bulbs. The underground part of this type of onion does not enter into a state of long dormancy. With proper agricultural technology, the plant grows green mass with early spring until frost. 3 varieties are registered in the Russian Federation:

1. Likova, expelling the first green feather 3 weeks after thawing the soil in the garden, easily transferring spring frosts.
2. Memory, which forms a large bulb for the 2nd year of life, capable of expelling up to 6 kg of green leaves and forming several tiers of arrows, abundantly covered with aerial seeds.
3. Chelyabinsk, recommended for cultivation in areas with risky farming.

Growing these onion varieties requires fertile soil and constant care.

chives, slime, leek

Schnitt gives a lot of early tender greens. You can sow seeds of varieties such as:

• Spring;
• Siberian;
• early maturing;
• Moscow;
• Prague.

All varieties have a thin round feather, well developed root system, an inconspicuous bulb. At proper care gives several crops of greenery. Without proper care, the feather becomes bitter and hard.

Slizun forms a bush for 2 years of life, which can live in 1 place for about 5 years.

All varieties of slime form short, wide, flat leaves with a pleasant taste.

Propagated by seeds and division of the bush. The most common varieties:

• Leader;
• broad-leaved;
• Vavilovsky.

The feather grows in the first decade of April. In July, the bulbs dry up, and at the end of August they wake up and begin to grow new leaves, allowing you to make several cuts of vitamin greens.

Leek, which is cultivated in central Russia as annual plant, it is better to plant seedlings in the soil. Known varieties are:

• aligator;
• Goliath;
• Pandora;
• Tango;
• Karantansky.

They form a thickened white false stem, on which they grow throughout summer season flat lanceolate leaves up to 60 cm long. Leek leaves are similar to the ground part of garlic. They are covered with a wax coating and have a bluish-green color.

Rarely Used Green Onions

The fragrant onion grows wild on Far East and is found in southern Siberia. The plant is cultivated for early greenery. Varieties registered in Rosreestr:

• Fragrant;
• Jusai;
• Astrologer;
• Spicy.

After sowing the seeds, a rosette of long elastic thin flat leaves is formed, resembling garlic in taste and appearance. After the leaves dry, a false bulb is formed, consisting of a large number of primordia. All of them are separated by the 2nd year of life, and form big bush, which will increase in size every year.

This hardy, seed-propagated plant can quickly take large area land like a weed. A variety of wild onions is not afraid of digging, because small bulbs are difficult to damage with a shovel.

Onions, in demand, tasty and healthy vegetable, amazes with its variety - early-ripening and late-ripening, spicy and sweet, white and red, maturing and productive varieties are valued by gardeners, not a single, smallest personal plot can do without them. The first step towards obtaining an excellent harvest of the most important crop is the selection of varieties with the qualities the vegetable grower needs - taste, stability, ripening time, yield and the ability to be stored for a long time with minimal losses.

Early ripe varieties

Stuttgarter Riesen

A common reliable early maturing variety, it takes about 70 days from planting to harvest. The golden-brown onion is small, weighing up to 90 g, flattened, dense. The taste is rich, with pronounced sharpness. The yield is constant and high, up to 35 kg per 10 sq. m.

In the garden, it ripens up to 55% and requires ripening, for which the bundles are hung in cool rooms. After that, it shows high safety, for the entire period there are small losses, up to 5%. Weakly resistant to fungal diseases, in unfavorable years it is affected by downy mildew and neck rot.

Yukont

A reliable variety is possible when sown with seeds or sets. When seed growing, it ripens in 90 days, when planting seedlings, 62–73 days after emergence. The shape is flat-round, on average, the onion head weighs about 100 g, the taste is spicy, spicy. The upper scales are bright, purple with a raspberry tint.

The yield of Yukont depends on the region of cultivation, the maximum performance is 30 kg per 10 square meters. m. In the garden it ripens up to 93%, after ripening it is stored without tangible losses for 8 months or more.

Carmen MS

Yielding beautiful onions are preferable to grow from sets, in this case, 65–95 days will pass from planting to lodging of leaves. Bulb with two or three rudiments, round, leveled, moderately dense, weighing up to 70 g. The flesh is white with a purple tint. The upper scales are few, bright, reddish-violet. Consumer qualities are high, the taste is semi-sharp.

The yield is average, up to 17 kg per 10 square meters. m. It ripens on the site, does not need ripening, it is stored excellently, with minor losses.

snowball

Snowball is recognized as one of the best modern varieties of white onions. Its name means a snowball, a snow ball and immediately describes both the shape of its bulbs and the color: they are almost round and white, both outside and inside, and dry scales are even whiter than juicy ones (and its juiciness, by the way, is very large, and the taste very pleasant for a peninsula, you can just eat it fresh). Each such “snowball” weighs about 100 g. In terms of ripening, Snowball is medium early, that is, you won’t have to wait too long for its harvest and you can grow it where the frost-free period is short, especially since this variety is very resistant to shooting. In addition, Snowball's bulbs are quite light.

Mid-season varieties

Aleko

This bright tasty onion succeeds equally well through sowing seeds and planting seeds, in the latter case, the crop is obtained in 100–110 days. The shape of the onion is round, weight up to 60 g. The pulp has a sharp, rich taste, dense, white with a purple tint. The upper scales are purple with a purple tint.

The yield is stable, above average - up to 19.6 kg per 10 square meters. m. It ripens well on the site - up to 94%, needs a short ripening, after which it is stored perfectly.

Odintsovo

Rounded golden bulbs are well preserved, transportable and suitable for mechanized harvesting. Medium size - 60–80 g, white-cream pulp, with a pleasant harmonious taste and slight spiciness. Integumentary scales are dense, golden-bronze.

Harvested after 110-120 days from emergence, receiving an average of about 15 kg per 10 square meters. m. A significant drawback is susceptibility to false powdery mildew and neck rot, so plants during the growing season need regular treatments with fungicides.

Setton

Universal onion with high palatability and excellent preservation, ripens 110 days after planting. On average, it weighs about 120 g, under optimal conditions it can be larger, up to 150–190 g. The shape is round-oval, slightly elongated at the neck. The color of the integumentary scales is yellow, brownish in the area near the neck. The pulp is creamy, spicy-sweet, spicy.

The yield is high, with good agricultural technology, you can get up to 50 kg from 10 square meters. m. Resistance to fungal diseases and bolting is above average.

Krasnodar G 35

An old reliable variety of domestic selection. The crop is harvested 110–120 days after sowing. The bulb is medium in size, one-dimensional, weighing about 100 g. The outer scales are yellowish-brown with a slight pinkish tint. The pulp is white, semi-sharp taste.

Stable yield, you can collect up to 20-40 kg from 10 square meters. m. Aging largely depends on weather conditions and ranges from 50-95%, mediocre keeping quality. In damp cool weather, it is affected by fungal diseases - downy mildew and neck rot.

Late-ripening varieties and hybrids

Stardust F1

An attractive snow-white onion from afar attracts the eye on the market stalls. A medium-sized round head weighs 40–50 g, the flesh is dense, with a sharp taste. Harvest begins 130 days after planting.

Productivity is good - up to 30 kg per 10 square meters. m. Landings are unpretentious, plants show resistance to cold and fungal diseases, the hybrid is perfectly stored and transported, successfully harvested by mechanized method.

farmer late

Great for mass landings, long-term storage and transportation, it works well by sowing seeds in the ground. It takes 130–140 days from germination to harvest. The shape of the bulb is round, the average weight is 250 g, when planted with seedlings it reaches 350 g.

The late farmer is valued for its large size, spectacular onion heads, versatility of consumption, excellent preservation and resistance to fungal infections.

Slava Ozharova

Domestic reliable variety is recommended for the Central Black Earth region, preferably cultivation through early spring sowing of seeds. The shape is round, the color of the upper scales is golden, the taste is pleasant, semi-sharp. The weight of the aligned onions is small, about 70 g.

The crop ripens on the site up to 50–80% and needs to be ripened. The yield is stable, even, is 10-13 kg per 10 square meters. m. Advantages - resistance to adverse conditions, keeping quality and transportability.

Sweet varieties and hybrids

Spanish 313

The popular variety is famous for its mild sweet taste, which is characterized by a spicy light sharpness. Yellow bulbs are round, large, with white pulp of moderate density, weight reaches 200 g.

Ripens late, 130-140 days after germination. The yield is high, reaching 46 kg per 10 sq. m., well kept. Onions are disease-resistant and cold-resistant, which is rare among sweet varieties.

Yalta

The famous lettuce onion, suitable for fresh consumption, without bitterness and pungency, very sweet. The harvest of this variety, traditionally grown by Crimean vegetable growers, can be obtained in the Middle lane by planting through seedlings, for a period of 130–140 days.

The onion is flat-round, weighing about 150 g, of a deep purple color with a raspberry tint, the inner scales are thick, few, white with purple rings. It is stored only woven into braids and suspended in a cool room, not very long - up to 4-5 months.

Kutnovsk

The shape of a small onion is round, weight up to 90 g. The husk is brownish-golden, the flesh is creamy white, juicy, very tasty, sweet, without pungency. The harvest gives a moderate - 5-9 kg per 10 square meters. m. Requires ripening after collection, safety is about 85%.

Caramel

Elongated small onions of this delicious salad variety grow about 10 cm long and weigh up to 60 g. The outer scales are an attractive purple color, the flesh is sweet with a slight sharpness and a barely noticeable aroma. Caramel ripens early, recommended for cultivation through seedlings, for which the seeds are sown in March and planted in the ground in May. Harvesting in June-July.

Stored in a cool, ventilated area for several months. For good preservation and winter consumption, they are sown in April-May in open ground, harvesting in August-September.

Densimmore

Sweet onions with good preservation and transportability are grown in an annual crop and are mid-season - they are harvested 115 days after germination. Aligned round onion heads with a thin neck have an attractive appearance, weigh 120–130 g.

Integumentary scales are golden with a bronze or greenish tint, the pulp is sweet, delicacy. Perfectly stored in ventilated rooms, the losses are insignificant, the husks are not sprinkled.

Red varieties

Red Brunswick

One of the best mid-early varieties of colorful purple. It is grown by sowing seeds and planting seedlings, the harvest time is 70–110 days after emergence, depending on the method of planting. The shape is rounded flat, weight is about 100 g. The inner scales are white with a purple rim, the taste is pleasant, slightly spicy.

Stable yield, gives about 25-30 kg per 10 sq. m. Quite resistant to fungal diseases, safety is above average, requires short-term ripening.

Danilovsky 301

Delicious onion of domestic selection, refers to mid-season. The waiting time from germination to harvest is about 100 days. The shape is round or slightly flattened, the weight of the head is 80–150 g. The upper scales are burgundy with a lilac tint, the flesh is white with lilac rims, crispy and semi-sharp, the taste is closer to sweet.

The yield depends on cultivation and weather conditions and ranges from 10 to 32 kg per 10 square meters. m. The variety is resistant to peronosporosis, is well transported and stored, the scales are dense, not prone to shedding.

Campillo F1

Productive hybrid with raspberry-red uniform round bulbs, weighing 110–150 g. Mid-season, when sown in April, the crop is harvested in August-September. The inner scales are thick, dense, whitish-pink.

Requires drying on the ridges and further ripening in a dry room for 1-2 weeks. Stored well, resistant to Fusarium wilt and rot.

Black Prince

Burgundy large onion of domestic selection, successfully grown in regions with a cold climate, stable and long-term. The shape is round, weighing up to 100 g, dry scales are dark purple in color with a raspberry tint. The pulp is juicy, white, semi-sharp taste with a high sugar content. Gathered 100-110 days after emergence, the harvest is significant, reaching 40-50 kg per 10 square meters. m. Preservation, transportability and commercial qualities are excellent.

red baron

Red Baron is translated into Russian as Red Baron. The onion received this name for the color of the scales - both dry and juicy, they are dark red. In size, they are not too large, but also rather big - weighing 130-150 g. Here, however, his taste is not sweet, but semi-sharp, although this makes it no less pleasant, and the keeping quality of his beauties for “multi-colored” bows is very high, it can compete with some sharp ones. This variety is also good because it ripens quite early - in 92-95 days and, as a rule, together, because it can be harvested in a short time. It can be grown both as an annual crop (from seeds) and as a biennial (from sevka).

Large varieties

Exhibition

The light yellow onion is round-elongated, heavy, can weigh half a kilogram, and sometimes 800 g. The taste is excellent, salad, sweet. It is grown by planting seedlings with a planting density of up to 20 pieces per 1 sq. m. The time from planting seedlings to harvesting is about 130 days.

Exhibition is very productive, due to large heads in favorable conditions, you can collect up to 43 kg from 10 square meters. m. On the site ripens weakly, on average by 60%, requires long-term ripening, safety is below average.

Globo

lettuce variety late deadline maturation is characterized by a perfectly round shape and a mild sweet taste. It ripens in 120–130 days from the date of planting. Very large, weighs 700–800 g, kilogram specimens are not uncommon. The inner scales are white, filled with delicious juice, the husk is yellowish-orange.

Globo impresses with its excellent yield of huge marketable bulbs, it can produce up to 90–120 kg per 10 sq. m. Preservation is medium or low, tends to germinate in storage.

Russian size

A huge onion grows to a record weight of 3 kg. The shape is rounded, slightly elongated at the neck, the integumentary scales are golden yellow, slightly greenish. The flesh is creamy white, the taste is sweet, delicate with a slight spicy sharpness, without a strong smell.

To obtain selected specimens, it is necessary to grow seedlings, with sowing seeds in pots in February. In this case, the harvest falls on August-September. Preservation is low, more often used in salads and preparations.

Crop varieties and hybrids

The large-fruited varieties described above are the most productive, but they are often poorly stored and therefore grown in limited quantities. The following are excellent yielding varieties and hybrids for mass planting.

Golden Semko F1

Early ripe onions are excellent even in the northern regions, grown through sets. When sowing with seeds, 90 days pass from the moment of mass germination to harvesting; when planting seedlings or seedlings, the waiting period is reduced and amounts to 70–75 days. The bulb is yellowish-brown, beautiful, round, weighing up to 80 g, the crop is uniform. The taste is sharp, spicy.

Productivity is high - up to 35 g per 10 square meters. m, the onion ripens on the ridge by 99% and does not require ripening, you can limit yourself to good drying. It is stored excellently, losses for 7 months are up to 5%.

Universo F1

The mid-season hybrid is suitable for mechanized harvesting, it is well transported, and lying. It is grown by sowing seeds in the ground, the period from germination to harvest is 110–120 days. The bulbs are golden brown, large, weighing 150–180 g. The inner scales are white, juicy with a pleasant semi-sharp taste and a slight smell.

The yield is consistently high, within 24–43 kg per 10 sq. m. Maturation on the plot is up to 92%, it needs to be dried and ripened for a week, after which it lies without loss for up to 7 months or more.

Borodkovsky

A mid-early, low-yielding, productive variety works better when planted with a set. Harvest time is 90–105 days from mass shoots. The shape of the head is round, slightly flattened, weighing 60–90 g, the husk is golden-bronze. The pulp is white, sharp, with a pleasant aroma.

The harvest is consistently high, when grown through sets up to 36 kg per 10 square meters. m., when sowing seeds - about 15 kg per 10 sq. m. It ripens perfectly in the garden - up to 100%, in wet cold years it may need to ripen. Resistant to bacteriosis, slightly affected by rot, but susceptible to downy mildew.

Dniester

Mid-late productive onion of semi-sharp taste. Ripens 120-140 days after germination. The shape is rounded or rounded flattened, the husk is yellowish-brown. Weight is about 200 g, individual specimens weigh 300–500 g. The flesh is whitish-creamy, tasty, with a slight sharpness, salad.

Productivity is high - 35–55 kg per 10 square meters. m. It matures by 80–90%, requires ripening, after which the safety is 92%.

Ermak

Resistant variety, recommended for cultivation in the northern regions. To get an excellent harvest, it is preferable to grow through sets. Early maturing, the waiting period from the moment of planting is 75–95 days. The bulb is spherical, yellow in color, weighing about 200 g, when sown with seeds smaller - up to 100 g. The pulp is dense with a semi-sharp spicy taste. Plants are resistant to downy mildew.

Productivity when planting sevkom up to 40 kg per 10 square meters. m, when sown with seeds, the yield is half as much. Ripens in the garden by 80-90%, requires ripening for 10-14 days. Stored without loss for 8 months or more.

Strigunovsky local

Although the word "local" sounds in the name of this variety, good harvests it gives throughout the Russian Non-Chernozem region, and a couple of regions to the south and east of it. True, the farther from his usual places, the less turnips will grow: from 3.2 to 1.1 kg / m2. Strigunovsky local is a mid-season variety, it matures in 77-98 days. His bulbs are quite beautiful: pinkish-yellow, rounded or slightly flattened, dense and extremely juicy. He also has one more feature - in order for the crop to be larger, it must be grown only from sevka.

Kaba

Kaba in the Non-Chernozem zone is considered the best of salad varieties, because in taste its bulbs are approaching more southern varieties - only they are peninsular. Her turnips ripen later than Strigunovsky - 120-140 days after germination. The bulbs at Kaba are a bit like a cast iron in shape, they are quite large (up to 200 g), golden yellow with a brownish tint. It is best to grow this variety in an annual culture - from seeds through seedlings.

Lean varieties

Traditionally, spicy varieties are considered the most storable, peninsular ones are stored worse, and sweet onions have the least safety.

Bessonovsky local

Early ripe onion, with excellent preservation and several nests. The color is golden, the shape is rounded, slightly flattened, descending slopingly onto a thin neck. The size is small - up to 45 g. The inner scales are dense, white, crispy, with a sharp burning taste. It ripens quickly - 55-80 days after planting.

The yield is stable, within 11–26 kg per 10 square meters. m. It ripens well, requires drying and is stored for 8-9 months.

Timiryazevsky

Mid-season universal sharp onion of rounded shape. The color of dry scales is yellow or light brown, brownish at the neck. The weight of onion heads is 50–70 g; ripening when growing sets lasts 78–82 days from the moment of mass shoots.

The yield is high, when grown from sets it is up to 38 kg per 10 square meters. m. It ripens completely in the garden - up to 98–100%, in wet years it is worse - up to 70%, while it requires ripening and drying. Transportability is high, safety by May is 85%. It is affected by peronosporosis, moderately resistant to neck rot.

El Dorado

Resistant to cold weather conditions and recommended for growing in the northern regions as an annual crop. Ripens 90-110 days after germination. The bulbs are yellow, heterogeneous in shape - round, oval or slightly elongated, weighing up to 100 g. The flesh is creamy white, spicy taste.

Yield up to 32 kg per 10 sq. m, requires ripening for 10-14 days. It is characterized by medium resistance to peronosporosis, it is stored for a long time up to 8-9 months, without significant losses.

Arzamas local

A common domestic mid-season variety with a characteristic spicy taste. Harvest 100-110 days after germination. The bulb is brown-yellow, rounded, may be oblong, oval or even slightly cubic in shape, greenish at the neck, weighing 70–90 g.

Susceptible to downy mildew, plantings are severely damaged by the onion fly. The yield when grown in a biennial crop is high - up to 32 kg per 10 square meters. m. The ripening rate is up to 93%, it requires a short ripening before storage. Preservation is good for 7-8 months.

Azelros

It performs well in cold regions, is resistant to diseases and yields. It is grown by sowing seeds and planting sevka. The bulbs are round, aligned, weighing up to 120 g, with a rich yellow color of the scales. The taste of white pulp is semi-sharp, pleasant. It ripens in 90-105 days from the moment of germination and belongs to medium-early varieties.

Productivity is high - up to 50-60 kg per 10 square meters. m, advantages - resistance to fungal diseases and excellent keeping quality.

Bulbs of varieties are also well stored:

• Buran,
• Donetsk golden,
• Golden,
• Karatalsky,
• Skvirsky,
• Strigunovsky,
• Chernigov.

Dutch varieties

Greatful Red F1

Dutch red onion hybrid with exceptional marketability, resistance to Fusarium and root rot. Mid-season, the period from sowing to harvesting is 120 days. Round bulb burgundy-red, dense, shiny. The pulp is white, tasty, slightly sharp.

The yield is high and stable, within 25-35 kg per 10 square meters. m. After harvesting, it needs to be ripened. Stores well with virtually no waste. Reliable attractive hybrid for commercial production.

Brunswick

Cherry-red round bulbs are slightly flattened, weigh up to 120 g, have an excellent semi-sharp spicy taste, the inner scales are white with raspberry rings. Ripens in 130 days from the date of planting.

The yield is consistently high, on average about 32 kg per 10 sq. m. Recommended for cultivation through sets. Resistant to bacteriosis, excellent storage, high transportability.

Sturon

A wonderful variety of Dutch selection, known for its yield, resistance to fungal diseases and bolting. It tolerates frost well, landing in the most early dates, it works better when planting a sevkom. Ripens 108-115 days after germination. The bulb is round, with a thin neck, golden in color with a brown tint, the average weight is 110 g, but it can be much larger - up to 190 g. The structure of the pulp is dense, the taste is semi-sharp.

Productivity is high - up to 60 kg per 10 square meters. m, the keeping quality is excellent, Sturon does not lose its taste and appearance for 7-8 months after harvesting.

Video: about the variety of varieties of onions

With such a variety of all kinds of onions, it is easy for the most experienced vegetable grower to get confused. A pre-compiled list of the most necessary and important qualities of a garden crop will simplify and make the choice optimal. Then, those best varieties and hybrids are selected that best correspond to the desired characteristics, not forgetting to pay attention to resistance to adverse weather conditions and diseases, as well as the safety of the crop.