Organization of drip irrigation on the site. Tips from a Regular Reader

You can't live in a summer cottage without water.
She is needed for household needs, but to a much greater extent - for watering the garden. Our author tells how he organized watering using PN D pipes.

At my summer cottage I have a pipe 0 100 mm centralized water supply partnerships. It has an inlet valve for using water for the needs of the site. To get from it to all plantings during irrigation, you need to have a hose with a length of at least 30 m. It is not very convenient to work with such a hose.

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For irrigation, many summer residents made wiring, laying an additional pipe in the center of the site along the entire length. Branches with valves for irrigation and other needs are made from this pipe (Fig. 1). But I don't like this layout. With such a scheme, the pipe lying along the site becomes an obvious obstacle, and many summer residents probably fell more than once, stumbling over it. The pipe, so that it interferes less with walking, is placed on the ground. If the pipe is metal, it quickly begins to rust. At the same time, maintenance difficulties arise: it is impossible to paint it well, draining water for the winter is also problematic. If the pipe is plastic, it may suffer from mechanical stress.

Many years ago, I made a water distribution system along the edges of the site (Fig. 2). This scheme required more pipes, but it also has a number of advantages. Firstly, the pipes do not interfere with anyone, as they are laid directly along the fence between the sections. Secondly, it is raised above the ground, which makes it easy to paint and fix leaks. Draining water for the winter is also no problem, since it is installed with an inclination to one side. And the raised pipe does not interfere with mowing the grass near the fence.

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This system has served us faithfully for 15 years. But the pipes began to rust. many fistulas appeared, which I tried to weld or close with bandages. But still thinking about replacing metal pipes to others that are more reliable and easy to use. I read on the Internet that HDPE pipes (polyethylene) are well suited for such purposes. low pressure). They are quite cheap and easy to transport. personal car. And most importantly - they are easy to assemble on fittings, no need to use welding and threaded connections.

In general, I calculated how many pipes and fittings were needed, purchased everything and set to work. The whole installation didn't take long. Pona I don’t know what the reliability of the HDPE pipe is. How does she react to ultraviolet radiation and frost. But in any case, replacing defective parts will be much easier and cheaper than metal pipes. I installed the pipe first along one side of the site, and then, according to the developed technology, along the second side.

With the arrival of hot summer days most pressing problem for each dacha owner or country house is the organization of irrigation on the site. For a long time, summer residents had to provide for their plants necessary watering using a regular hose connected to a faucet. However, firstly, this method is very time-consuming and resource-consuming, and, secondly, not every owner suburban area has the ability to be on it permanently. But fortunately, technological progress does not stand still, and today there are many irrigation systems on the site that perform this energy-intensive work almost independently.

Organization of irrigation on the site

What should be the plumbing for irrigation

Watering garden plot impossible without organization. The most common way to arrange for irrigation in the country is laying plastic pipes connected to each other using special fittings or rations.

For those who are in the country only in the summer, it is better to carry out a lightweight plumbing system, which, if necessary, can be dismantled or preserved. Most often, such a system is made of flexible hoses and installed on the surface of the site.

Automatic lawn watering

The automatic lawn irrigation system is a network of zonal and main pipelines connected with fittings. Very often, watering timers are mounted in this system, so that the owner of the summer cottage does not have to worry about the timely care of his plants.

Lawn irrigation systems

Adjustment of watering cycles, which includes the intensity of water supply, its duration and frequency, occurs using the built-in microprocessor. Thanks to this, it becomes possible not only to save water, but also to set the necessary irrigation cycle depending on weather conditions and the needs of certain plants.

Automatic irrigation systems are completely safe and easy to use. Watering heads or sprinklers for watering the lawn are mounted in the soil and rise to the surface only directly in the process of watering itself. The choice of watering heads depends on the size of the garden. For example, rotary heads are recommended for irrigating large areas with hard to reach corners. If the area is relatively small in size, it is better to choose a fan head for watering. The pipes of the system are mounted to a depth of at least 30-40 cm, so that the presence of the structure cannot spoil appearance even the most ideal site.

Also, the owners of the automatic system can adjust the irrigation diameter, which contributes to the reliable care of all parts of the garden. Perhaps the only drawback of such a device is that it is enough high price.

To put into action automatic watering, the owner needs to set a program with dates, start time, intensity and duration of irrigation. It is necessary to install the program taking into account the needs of plants and the type of soil. Since the system works on the basis of a built-in weather station, in case strong wind or showers, it automatically locks its program and starts it only when the weather conditions are favorable.

AT winter time equipment for irrigation of the site is recommended to be disconnected from the power supply, dismantled and transferred to a closed room. Also, for the systematic operation of the system, from time to time it is necessary to drain the remaining water from its storage tank.

Lawn Sprinkler

Automatic Lawn Watering System

Irrigation systems for summer cottages

drip irrigation system

Despite all the ideality of automatic watering of the site, the system is still recognized as the most reliable and cost-effective drip irrigation.

The main feature of the system drip irrigation for giving is that with its help water is supplied directly to the roots of plants. Thanks to this, irrigation can be carried out even during the most aggressive sun, without fear that drops of water that have fallen on the leaves will lead to burns.

Drip irrigation systems for summer cottages

The drip irrigation system consists of a dripper, a supply hose, a switch and a master block. Sometimes droppers are equipped with adjustable levers, which makes it possible to choose the intensity of the water supply.

In some varieties of drip irrigation systems, instead of drippers, drip tapes are installed that are attached to a hose. Their feature from the previous type is that the water supply tapes are attached along the hoses at a distance of about 15-30 cm, which is very convenient for caring for large summer cottages.

To prevent damage to the drip irrigation system, it is necessary to remove all plugs from it at least once a year and flush the system with water. In winter, hoses and drippers can be left on the surface, but the master block should be stored indoors.

In addition to the obvious benefits, spot water supply, which is only possible with a drip irrigation system, slows down the growth of weeds. This happens because the earth, spot-soaked with water, always remains loose and fresh. In addition, this kind of irrigation increases the yield several times, reduces the susceptibility of plants to various diseases and saves the water used.

However, when choosing a method for organizing irrigation on a site, it is important to consider what harder system in technical terms, the more responsibly you need to approach the process of its installation. To avoid errors during installation various systems irrigation, it is best to turn to specialists, whose work includes not only installation, but also design, followed by after-sales service structures.

Caring for a summer cottage is not always a pleasure. When to Water Frequently large area with their own hands, the idea of ​​​​implementing an irrigation system comes up. There are many options for organizing it, how to choose the most suitable one? How to install?

Irrigation types

There are several ways to irrigate the site: above ground, ground, underground. Each type has its own purpose and can be effectively used. You just need to choose the right irrigation system for each specific dacha. It depends on the size of the site, on the type of plants on the site, on the personal preferences and capabilities of the owners. The system can be assembled with your own hands from improvised materials, or you can buy it ready for installation.

Sprinkling

The most common, simple type of irrigation system is sprinkler irrigation. Sprinklers are located throughout the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site, which imitate rain. With this watering high flow water, upper layer the soil dries up in the form of a crust and the access of oxygen to the roots is disturbed. A pump is also needed to maintain high water pressure in the system.

The advantages of this system are:

• rain simulation;
• increase in air humidity when used in a greenhouse;
• water is well absorbed;
• dust is washed off the leaves.

Such irrigation is familiar, but not entirely economical, there are more effective options. Rain watering is ideal for caring for a lawn, greenhouse or potato field in the country.

Drip irrigation

Drip irrigation is the most cost-effective irrigation system. It saves water, due to its dosed supply to the root zone, and electricity, due to the lack of a pump in the system. But its organization is not so simple and fast.

You will have to work hard and prepare pipes for the irrigation system with branches from pipes with a smaller diameter, located through the distance necessary for spot irrigation. This scheme is suitable for shrubs and fruit-bearing trees in the country. The water supply is even, can be constant.

The only negative this method is the possibility of clogging the holes with soil.

Root irrigation

The most time-consuming, but plant-friendly irrigation system. It is an underground drip chain, but sufficient pressure is required for its operation.

The advantages are:

• minimal evaporation losses;
• no crust on drying;
• maximum irrigation of the root zone.

This irrigation system is suitable for the care of capricious plants requiring frequent irrigation and loosening.

A huge disadvantage is the violation of the integrity of the site. For some time, you will have to endure a bald lawn in places, you may even have to shift decorative paths. But next year there will be no trace of the work carried out, only a beautiful, well-groomed site will please the eye.

Important! When choosing the type of irrigation system in the country, it is worth considering its purpose, type of crop, size of the site, and the complexity of the installation process.

Control type

The management of the irrigation system in the country can be manual or advanced. For those who can spend the whole summer on the site is great manual control. It is simple and budget friendly. But if there is no way to devote the whole summer to the dacha, and having arrived at it, you want to admire beautiful lawn, collect ripe berries and rejoice flowering shrubs- will have to use more expensive automated control methods.

Manual

The simplest control is manual, suitable for all types of irrigation. The irrigation system is switched on and off with a simple tap. The disadvantage of such control is the dependence on the presence of a person: if it is not possible to come, open the tap, there will be a loss of crops or the death of plants.

Auto

More modern management, which is possible without direct involvement human is automatic. By setting the program for periodic irrigation for a certain time, you can not worry about overdrying the site. But such irrigation control will not protect against excess moisture if it rains - there is no need for irrigation, but irrigation will still occur at the time specified by the program. Such an excess of moisture can be completely harmless to many crops, but detrimental to certain capricious species.

Automated-computer

An even more modern computerized control has humidity sensors in the area and a computer control module, which, when correct setting turns on only when needed. This irrigation system is compatible with all types of irrigation. The only downside is the high cost of the equipment.

Important! The choice of control depends on physical and financial capabilities, but it is worth considering the huge advantages that modern devices provide.

Pipe selection

Which of the huge variety of pipes on the market are suitable for organizing an irrigation system? Which one to choose? The choice depends on the requirements for durability and the price of the material, in each case it is individual.

PVC pipes

Plumbing, assembled from PVC pipes and fittings, has reliable connections, does not require special skills in work. The advantages of such a watering system for summer cottages made of plastic pipes are the rigidity and lightness of the structure, the possibility of using underground and above ground, resistance to temperature changes, resistance to corrosion and high humidity, elasticity of pipes and resistance to freezing water in the system, ease of installation with your own hands. The price of pipes and fittings is affordable.

Polypropylene pipes

Polypropylene pipes are used for water supply, they are light, durable, do not rot, do not rust, create a reliable connection with fittings. Slightly more expensive and durable than PVC pipes. For above-ground installation, it is recommended to use only black weather-resistant pipes. The construction is rigid and lightweight. Cost is higher than normal polyethylene pipes, installation is possible with your own hands.

Polyethylene pipes

Polyethylene pipes are flexible and soft. Can be used for underground and surface water supply. The material is durable and elastic. The strength of the connection with fittings depends on the professionalism of the hands of the master, it can be broken under high pressure. Thick-walled pipes are used to bring the main water lines, thin-walled pipes are used for drip irrigation. Transparent pipes are short-lived, but their cost is much lower.

Important! The choice of pipes depends on the type of irrigation and the area: whether it is flat or winding. The use of rigid structures is more relevant for underground system irrigation.

Other accessories

The necessary accessories depend on the chosen type of irrigation.

For irrigation with a sprinkling system, you need:

• container with water;
• pump;
• raincoats;
• fittings for connecting pipes, raincoats;
• valve for closing - opening the system.

It can be equipped with a computer or automatic control. simple, convenient system suitable for watering the lawn in the country, which is undemanding to care for.

For drip irrigation, a pump is not needed, but the container must be at a height of 2 m from the ground to create pressure. It is convenient to use flexible polyethylene pipes for drip irrigation; if necessary, they can be pierced and pierced with thin tubes for spot irrigation. Pipe fittings may or may not be used, depending on individual scheme irrigation.

Underground at root system watering the cottage requires the use of a pump for normal pressure in system. Any pipes can be chosen, depending on personal preferences in work, the size of the summer cottage, the crop being watered.

Important! When choosing an irrigation system and a way to control it, it is worth considering all the advantages and disadvantages of each type, as well as ease of installation, all the necessary components.

Water source

The source of water for the irrigation system can be not only a container on the site, but also a well, river or other body of water.

Taking water from a well and directing it for irrigation is not recommended. Too much cold water detrimental effect on plant roots. An intermediate link should be a water tank, it should be large enough to provide moisture to the entire area. The pump for drawing water from the well is quite powerful and expensive. Therefore, if the cottage is equipped with a water supply system, it is better to use water from it.

When taking water from an adjacent reservoir, it is necessary to use a suitable pump, it must be equipped with filtration, designed to pump water with small elements of sand, clay. The temperature of such water is comfortable for plants, it can be directed directly to the site. The convenience of this method lies in the infinity warm water and no water charges. But such a device is not suitable for automated system irrigation, as you will not leave it unattended for a long time.

Important! When choosing an irrigation source, it is worth considering compatibility with the type of irrigation.

Conclusion

Irrigation systems in the country - a necessary element for good care behind the site and a comfortable pastime. At automated control do not worry about the condition of your favorite plants, be afraid to miss the watering time. In the summer heat, plants need a lot of water, but it is not always possible to provide it. Therefore, modern devices are a real salvation for summer residents. Video advice on choosing components from the manufacturer:

Manual over time becomes a very tedious and difficult job that takes a lot of time every day. In addition, in suburban areas, often all areas are watered at the same time, which leads to a drop in the water level in the system and an additional delay in irrigation time. The problem can be solved with the help of arranging an automatic irrigation system: this is not a very difficult task, and it is quite possible to cope with it at very little cost. How to organize automatic watering in the country with your own hands?

In dacha and country farming, you can use several types of sprinklers that are suitable for different types plants. They differ significantly in cost and complexity of installation.

The most common are the following types:

• Classic static sprinklers. Water comes out of the outlet to a small irrigation radius, so they should only be used for small flower beds and lawns. They also have one more disadvantage: most of water accumulates around the sprinkler itself.
• Rotary sprinklers. They rotate, providing the maximum spread of the vaults around them, while due to a special nozzle, water is sprayed in small drops, and it will not damage the plants. The greater the power of pressure, the wider the radius will be.
• Drip irrigation system. It supplies water to the root zone under the leaves of plants: this will save them from droplets on the leaves and from the appearance of sunburn. Special droppers will allow a limited amount of water to be supplied to the roots to prevent them from rotting.
• Fogging sprinklers. They break the flow of water into very small drops, more like fog. Such irrigation systems are used mainly in greenhouses, they allow you to create and maintain a certain microclimate. The greenhouse will be constantly humid, while such sprinklers will not allow waterlogging of the roots.

When developing a scheme, you need to consider where and what plants you expect. If the installation of rotary systems is more profitable for lawns, then drip systems are preferable for beds, etc. For each type of plant, it is desirable to create suitable conditions. so as not only not to harm, but also to get a good result.

The first stage of work on arranging an automatic system is drawing up a plan that takes into account the location of water intake points and green spaces. The easiest way to water plants is to use rubber hoses, however, due to the jet of water entering the soil, it will have to be constantly loosened, and this is additional tedious work.

More simple and effective solution- drip irrigation, for which sprinklers (sprinklers) are installed around the site.

Work on drawing up an automatic irrigation plan is desirable to begin immediately upon purchase of the site before green spaces appear on it. However, if this was not done right away, you will have to build a plan in accordance with the already existing layout.

To work with the plan, you will need ordinary graph paper with markings. On it you need to draw the location of all important elements: residential building, gazebos, outbuildings, barbecue, etc. In addition, the plan reflects the location of all green spaces that the system will water. If the site has not yet been planted, then you can first think over the irrigation system, under which it will be convenient to arrange flower beds and beds.

Ideally, the pumping station should be located in the central part of the site, this will make it possible to lay lines for supplying water to the same length, and the pressure in the entire system will be uniform. The number and location of sprinklers is determined by their radius of action. If, for example, it is 25 meters, you need to draw on the plan the location of the sprinklers and the radius of their work in the idea of ​​​​circles.

The last stage of the design is the transfer of the plan from paper to the site. To do this, you must use a cord and pegs: they designate all pipelines, and the pegs are installed where the sprinklers will stand. This will allow you to evaluate the correct location of the system.

A properly designed scheme will allow you to calculate how many materials will be needed to install an irrigation system on the site. It includes the following main elements:

• Pipeline. For irrigation of the site, you can purchase ordinary plastic or metal-plastic pipes: they are long-lasting, not subject to corrosion, and with their help you can provide a durable working system. Optimal material- low-pressure polyethylene, pipe section near pumping station should be greater than near sprinklers.
• Pumping station with a set of filters. The power of the pump depends on the irrigation area, the calculation can be carried out using engineering tables that can be found on the net. The installation of filters is necessary, since water is always present a certain amount of sand and other impurities, and unfiltered water will quickly disable the system.
• Pressure regulators and solenoid valves. They will allow you to alternately start the sprinklers into work. The controller will provide opening and closing of valves, and this will allow drip irrigation different zones in turn.
• Sprinklers with the right irrigation radius. The most common and affordable is the rotary type sprinkler - it will provide uniform watering due to rotation.

In addition, to assemble the system, you will need to purchase connecting elements for the pipeline, as well as tools for laying pipes in the area. The more he is, the more earthworks to be, therefore, to speed up the process on large area it is better to invite assistants.

It is important to determine how many sprinklers can work simultaneously, for this it is necessary to calculate throughput pipeline system. For the calculation, you can use a regular 10-liter bucket and a hose with a diameter of 3/4 inches and a length of 1 meter. The water opens at full capacity, and it is necessary to calculate how long the system will be able to fill a 10-liter bucket. It should be borne in mind that in the daytime the pressure in the water supply system is higher than at night, and this will also affect the throughput.

After that, it is necessary to measure the distance from the draw-off point to the last sprinkler.

Every 15 meters is an additional second to the received value. Using this data and the table attached to the sprinkler, you can calculate how much water it will need to work.

According to the tables attached to the sprinklers, the total amount of water that will be required for their simultaneous use is calculated. If the amount of water supplied by the draw-off point is not enough, the number of sprinklers will have to be reduced, or you can try to reduce the distance from them to the pumping station. This will increase the pressure in the system, and you can connect all the desired equipment. Very often the plan has to be rewritten several times in order to find optimal solution suitable for specific conditions.

To adjust and configure the drip irrigation system, a controller is used - this is electronic device, which is installed in the house and allows you to control irrigation and program the system to work at certain hours. It can be placed in the basement near the water supply. Shut-off valves are also placed in the mounting box, their task is to regulate the operation of the irrigation lines in order to ensure the water supply in one direction.

The system must be equipped with a rain sensor that will automatically turn off watering in rainy weather.

This will avoid excess moisture in soil and waste water and electricity. The rain sensor works on self-contained batteries, their power is 9 V.

If you are equipping a lawn irrigation system, you can install automatic retractable sprinklers on it: they will be invisible during the day, appearing only directly during watering. This allows you to give the lawn a more natural look and at the same time ensure its stable water supply.

As soon as everything necessary elements brought to the site, you can start preparing an irrigation system that will completely relieve you of the worries associated with watering plants.

The work includes several main stages:

• Earthworks on site. They involve laying ditches according to the scheme in order to lay the pipeline system in them. Normally, the depth of the trench should be about 1 meter so that the pipeline is located below the freezing level of the soil. Naturally, such work will be too laborious for the owner of an ordinary summer cottage, so trenches are usually dug to a depth of about 30 cm.
• Important! In this case, the pipes should be located at a slight slope, and drainage valves should be installed at the lowest points. This is necessary, because if the pipes are located in a freezing layer of soil, before the onset of the winter season, all the water from the system will have to be drained.
• Installation of a pumping station and connection of the pipeline system to the pump. After installing the pump and laying the piping system, it is necessary to carry out a test run. This is a flushing of pipes with a simultaneous check of the health of the system. If leaks are found, they must be repaired before the main system is put into operation. Until the work is completed and the sprinklers are installed, the pipes are closed with plugs, otherwise they may become clogged with soil.
• A distribution manifold with a system of valves is installed, after which a controller is placed in an accessible place in the room.
• Sprinklers are installed in the system: each manufacturer of such equipment provides installation instructions, it may differ slightly. When the system is assembled, the trenches need to be dug up, the ground is leveled. From the side, only sprinklers will be visible, the site will look neat.
• Filters, solenoid valves are mounted, they are connected to the controller and the electrical system of the house. After that, it is necessary to program the controller and carry out a trial run of the equipment.

If the system is assembled correctly, the range of the sprinklers will minimally overlap each other, this will ensure full-fledged irrigation throughout the territory.

Although the installation will require a lot of labor, in the future it will allow you to forget about permanent job with buckets and watering cans, and summer rest in the country will turn into a real pleasure.

Knowing how to make automatic watering in the country, you must follow a few rules that will make the system durable and as efficient as possible.

Proper maintenance of the irrigation system will significantly reduce the cost of repairs, and it will work smoothly.

There are some simple tips:

1. It is advisable to check filters 2 times a month during the entire summer season. This will ensure stable operation of the system, as well as avoid contamination of the pipes with dirt, sand and silt. This will prevent clogging of pipes and sprinklers, and the system will be more durable.
2. The soil in places where sprinklers are installed must not settle. If the soil has sunk, it must be leveled in time.
3. It is important to properly prepare the system for the winter season. When you are about to leave the cottage, it is necessary to drain all the water from the irrigation system, after which the rain sensor is disconnected and removed into a warm room. In addition, the solenoid valves must be dismantled. It is recommended to blow out the system with high pressure air to avoid any blockages.
4. Sprinkler heads also need constant checking. It is necessary to ensure that all holes work, and if they are clogged, all dirt is carefully removed with a soft brush. This will ensure high-quality watering and prevent increased pressure in the system.
5. It is important not only to constantly monitor the health of the automatic irrigation system, but also to properly organize the water supply of plants. Watering is carried out according to a certain schedule, it is advisable to choose evening hours for this. Excess water is harmful to plant roots: the lawn is normally watered about once every three days, watering should not be less than once a week. Water should wet the soil by about 30 cm, re-watering is carried out after the earthen clod dries.
6. If the weather is rainy, and there is enough moisture in the soil, the system must be turned off. However, the advantage of the automatic system is that the owners do not have to spend a lot of time in the country. The rain sensor will not allow waterlogging of the soil, and when the weather becomes warm again, the system will again start working without human intervention.

More information can be found in the video.

How carefully you care for the soil depends on the growth and fertility of your plants in the beds. It is especially important to organize proper watering seedlings: without water, they simply wither away. Watering implies taking into account the requirements of plants to the saturation of the soil with moisture. Otherwise, you run the risk of flooding the plant, which will also not give a positive result in growing.

There are several types of irrigation organization (for example, drip, automatic). In this article, we will deal with you in detail how to properly organize the watering of the beds on your site. Next, we will learn about the principles of operation of the drip and automatic garden irrigation systems. At the end of the article, recommendations are given on how to create such a do-it-yourself irrigation system.

No, even the most high-quality and expensive, fertilizers and the most progressive methods of vegetable growing can not provide you high yield beds without thoughtful and well organized watering. Remember to keep dill, parsley or other herbs fresh by watering them regularly. Don't want to get bitter beets or carrots? The same recommendations. But at the same time, it is also necessary to adhere to the measure: excessive watering will lead to the fact that the roots of the plants will begin to rot, and the vegetables will eventually become watery in taste.

To simplify irrigation, special systems were invented:

• automatic;
• semi-automatic.

If you prefer traditional ways watering, you can moisten the soil with a watering can or hose (pictured).

You can make an irrigation system without your presence in the garden with your own hands. But we will talk about this further.

And now let's take a closer look at the basic principles and rules that should be followed in order to rationally water the beds:

1. Irrigation water should be well warmed up so that the plants do not get sick in the end.
2. On very hot days, plants cannot be watered, otherwise the moisture will quickly evaporate, and the plants will receive sunburn. It is best to water on such days in the evening.
3. To avoid the occurrence powdery mildew on tomatoes, cucumbers, zucchini and peppers, it is not recommended to water them after 6 pm.

1. Most auspicious time for watering tomatoes, peppers, eggplant - this is the morning (between 10 and 11 o'clock). But root crops, cucumbers, radishes and herbs are recommended to be watered from 4 to 6 pm.
2. Watering the seedlings that you just planted is necessary every day. After it is finally rooted, it can be watered less frequently - once every 3 or 4 days.
3. When watering the beds in the water, you can add ashes or bulb husks. At the same time, it is necessary to water in the following sequence: pour 2 times with ordinary water, 1 time with infusion of onion peel, 2 times again with ordinary water, 1 time with a solution of ash and again in the same order.
4. The frequency of watering is influenced by plants that are planted in the beds. For zucchini, pumpkins, cucumbers, watering once every three days is considered sufficient, since their root system goes deep underground. But cabbage and tomato have shallow roots, so they should be watered every one or two days.
5. As for watering fruit trees or berry bushes they are drought tolerant. But small plants of these types need regular watering.
6. When watering with a watering can, raise it as high as possible so that the water splashes (as in the photo), and does not flow in one continuous stream. You can use a spray nozzle on a watering can to moisten the soil well in the end and at the same time not harm tender young plants.
7. Water from the hose should flow moderately so as not to erode the top layer of soil. It is most effective to water the soil at the roots of plants, and not their leaves.

Using a watering can or hose to water the beds is a long-term and physically difficult task. Therefore, automatic and semi-automatic systems are often chosen as irrigation tools. They are very convenient if you rarely visit the cottage.

Sprinklers

Sprinklers are circular, pendulum, sector and impulse. At the same time, they have a basis from a system of pipes that are dug into the ground and connected to each other by an adapter or a ball valve. Such a system belongs to the semi-automatic type of irrigation, since it requires manual activation or deactivation.

The most convenient semi-automatically controlled system is drip irrigation (see photo below).

Its popularity among summer residents is explained by the fact that drip irrigation allows you to save water and at the same time provide an accurate supply of not only the water itself, but also solutions of mineral fertilizers.

Watering is one of the most labor-intensive gardening jobs.

Another advantage of drip irrigation is that it can be supplemented with a controller. At the same time, you will already have an automatic irrigation system that will provide control over the dosage of water. The main advantage of drip irrigation is that such a system provides the necessary moisture directly to the roots of plants. This has a beneficial effect on soil moisture. Due to the fact that water is supplied pointwise, the possibility of active growth of weeds is excluded.

The principle of operation of drip irrigation is based on the transfer of water through a hose that has special droppers. In a strictly allotted time (since the system is semi-automatic, you adjust the time of its operation), moisture enters under the roots of plants in small portions. Drip irrigation solves the problem of watering your beds very easily and efficiently.

For those who have difficulty with constant visits to the site, we recommend that you pay attention to automatic watering, which works on a timer.

1. The electronic control of such a system allows you to water the beds on time, regardless of whether you are in the country or not.
2. Controlled parameters include the regulation of the pressure of the water jet, the time of the start and end of irrigation.
3. Automatic systems have another unique distinguishing feature: water diffusers are hidden in the ground under the cover immediately after watering (pictured below). So, they are protected from soil pollution.

In addition, to automatic system you can connect special rain sensors and in bad weather it will not turn on.

We make a do-it-yourself irrigation system for garden beds

If you spend a lot of time at your dacha and like to do everything with your own hands, then making a drip irrigation system will not be very difficult for you and even interesting. Such a system will greatly facilitate the work in the garden, will reduce water consumption, and you will get excellent harvests. How to do everything with your own hands, let's figure it out further.

First you need to carefully plan the design of your drip irrigation system, draw a plan, calculate the amount necessary materials(as in the photo below). To do this, you need to do the following:

1. Mark the location for the main water tank on the system drawing. After that, determine the location of the main hose or pipe, through which water is distributed through the drip tapes.
2. Be sure to measure the distance from plant to plant in order to correctly select the length of the hose and determine the distance between the holes for the drippers.
3. The main water tank must be installed at a height of about 2 meters above the ground.

Now you can install our drip system:

• The hose or pipe must be placed perpendicular to the plants in the garden.
• After that, we drill holes in them that correspond to the distance between the plants.
• Drip tapes are attached to the main pipe or hose using start fittings.
• It is necessary to lay the tapes along the beds, while the droppers should be placed as close as possible to the plant.

• After that, we connect these tapes to the main pipe or hose, on the other side we put plugs.
• The main hose or pipe can now be connected to the main water tank.
• Use a filter to purify the water in this container.
• The tie-in of the pipe or hose should be made slightly higher than the bottom of the water barrel so that foreign objects do not enter the irrigation system.
• Now you can fill the main tank with water and start watering.

Attention! To your homemade system for watering worked fine, remember the following:

1. Check the tightness and reliability of all connections to prevent overflow. This is important because excessive moisture will cause the plant roots to rot in the beds.
2. Prepare your system before use. To do this, remove the plugs and drive the water through main pipe and hoses.
3. Droppers require periodic flushing.
4. It is highly undesirable to increase the holes of the droppers, since you violate the internal pressure of the system, and after that the water is supplied to the plants irregularly.

Automatic irrigation system or semi-automatic - the choice depends only on your needs. In any case, it is very easy to build such a system with your own hands. Be mindful of soil moisture in your beds. Only in this case you will get a rich and generous harvest.

How to make a drip irrigation system with your own hands, the video will help you figure it out.