Dig a septic tank closest to the groundwater. How to arrange a septic tank with a high level of groundwater: options for solving an urgent problem

Owners of private houses and summer cottages are faced with the problem of arrangement, without which no structure can function normally. The most optimal solution is the arrangement of a cesspool, which serves as a collection point for all the sewage that is formed in the process of human life.

There are several types of stock tanks for country houses and cottages. Accumulative septic tanks are popular, inside which waste is completely processed by microorganisms. Their device requires special knowledge, effort, but during operation such sewers are the simplest and most functional, as they are able to process large volumes of sewage.

In addition to septic tanks, there are also hermetic containers. These are tanks designed to collect liquid and solid waste. The only disadvantage of such designs is that they need to be cleaned regularly. Cesspools without a bottom can function in those areas where the daily volume of waste does not exceed one cubic meter. They are equipped in summer cottages, where residents are not permanently located.

The quality of the functioning of the sewage system is affected by the level of groundwater in the area. If it is elevated, you will have to face a number of problems. You can get around the trouble if, even before the start of the arrangement of runoff tanks, it is determined how deep the groundwater is. It should also be taken into account that in the spring, when the snow melts, this level can rise significantly. In this case, not only cesspool. ground water bring other troubles to summer residents and owners of private houses. They affect the state

• trees and urban crops that grow on the site;
• wells or wells;
• building foundations;
• garage and cellar;
• outdoor toilet.

Prudent summer residents take this factor into account and take the necessary measures aimed at lowering the level of groundwater. The main ways to solve the problem:

• arrangement of the pond;
• installation of a drainage system.

With the right approach to the construction and installation of the sewer system, the owners manage to get around the problems caused by the increased level of groundwater on the site.

Groundwater damage to a cesspool

If on site high ground water, cesspool can be periodically flooded or wetted by them, which reduces the efficiency of its functioning and causes related problems: pouring sewage out, an unpleasant smell in the area.

Groundwater affects the duration of the operational life of sewers that lie in the soil. They cause the formation of corrosion on the surface, as a result of which the pipes begin to leak.

Groundwater is a problem not only when building a house, when you dig a foundation pit or trench for a foundation, but also when arranging engineering communications. Since the depth of freezing of the water supply in central Russia is 2 meters, you have to dig deep trenches, put them - if you are doing water supply, they are done, they are buried 2-3 meters - if you are doing sewage.

Well, if you know in advance that there is groundwater on the site and prepared for it, but it happens that you start digging and nothing portends trouble. In the process of excavation, after 0.5-1 meter, the earth begins to float, the walls fall, water flows from the earth.

To prevent the walls from falling, a wooden formwork is made. Boards of 50 and timber are taken. 2-3 skirts of the base are made from the timber and boards are inserted between the timber and the ground, as the boards deepen they are knocked into the ground. Due to the formwork, it is more convenient for you to dig a pit, since the walls will not collapse and, most importantly, it is safer to dig.

Groundwater septic tank options

For groundwater I know 2 types of septic tanks as a solution to the problem:

• septic tank with a low body.

Septic tanks with forced

One of the most common options for solving problems with groundwater is a septic tank with forced pumping of treated effluents with a built-in drainage pump. In this case, a standard septic tank is buried 2 or more meters into the ground, always with formwork for safety and speeding up the process (without formwork, the pit can increase by more than 2 times during excavation, and therefore more shoveling and a lot of time will be spent).

A forced septic tank is a sealed container with a complex internal device for processing wastewater, it has an additional chamber for treated wastewater, in this chamber there is a drainage pump that ejects wastewater under pressure. In this case, installation is simplified by the fact that water can simply be directed into a ditch or trench. There is no need to dig a well, make drainage trenches or drain fields.

Low body septic tanks

Manufacturers of septic tanks understood the problem of buyers, they know that groundwater sometimes makes the installation process very difficult. As it has already become clear from the above installation process, installing a septic tank in the ground with high waters can be delayed, and it’s not a fact that it can be done at all, there are such swampy places that while you are digging, the same amount arrives.

Manufacturers of companies such as Kolomaki and Alta Group produce septic tanks with an underestimated body. What does it mean. For example, a standard septic tank has a height of 2500 mm, the foundation pit for it must be prepared to the same depth, as well as fill it up to level it and install a septic tank. As you understand, groundwater will not allow this process to be done efficiently.

The solution to this problem is a septic tank with an underestimated body. The height of the septic tanks is:

As you can see, there is no need to dig a deep pit to install a septic tank. Despite the fact that this septic tank does not cost more, as well. Prices for such septic tanks start at 90 thousand rubles.

Such a septic tank is easy to install, since it is enough to dig a pit up to 1.5 meters, prepare a pillow, and install a septic tank with a low body.

An important point, the depth of the supply pipe here is up to 50 cm.

Advantages of a septic tank with a low body:

• not a deep pit;
• less sand for backfilling a septic tank, respectively, less cement costs;
• no special technique required.

Conclusion

As you can see, in the modern world there are solutions to such problems as high groundwater. It is enough just to ask how to find a solution. Those who are not looking will not be able to stumble upon this article and cope with the UGV.

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We have long been accustomed to communal comfort and convenience. And such ordinary things as the sewer system are taken for granted. Any country house is equipped, as a rule, with the benefits of civilization. In addition, every average citizen can build at least a primitive sewer system. That's just not always and everywhere it's easy to do.

Most of Russia is located in a climate zone where a high level of groundwater is the number one problem. It is not easy to build a sewer in such conditions. There is a big risk that runoff will get into groundwater. Or vice versa - the septic tank will be "drowned" by groundwater. You can, of course, buy a sealed plastic tank. But you will often have to call a sewer.

And you can save money and independently build a septic tank, specially designed for such an area. After all, sewerage at a high level of groundwater is a completely solvable task (more details: "").

Sewerage design features if groundwater is close

Let's make a reservation right away, sewerage at a high level of groundwater, in principle, is built in the same way as it is quite ordinary. So what is the "highlight" of such a septic tank? A cesspool without a bottom is being built above groundwater (in more detail: ""). It is obvious. Further, infiltration tunnels are carried out in the structure (they are also often called “cassettes”). Tunnels are also placed above groundwater. It is important to know how to insulate a septic tank, if this is necessary in a particular case.

The liquid that has passed all stages of purification enters the soil layers from such tunnels without polluting them and without harming the environment. The diameter of the infiltration tunnels is small. Usually it is about 130-200 mm. They are placed even on the very surface of the earth, without burying. This is especially true if the groundwater level is excessively high. However, in the cold season, these pipes will have to be well insulated. Otherwise, it is likely that they will simply freeze and cease to function in their usual mode.

The principle of operation of the sewer

Consider how sewerage with a high level of groundwater works. First, effluent flows from the house through a pipe directly into the first tank. There is their initial rough cleaning. Then the drain flows through the connecting pipe into the second tank. Anaerobic fermentation of the contents takes place here, as a result of which a more thorough purification of the drain water occurs. And finally, the third reservoir. In it, the incoming liquid becomes more transparent and clean, all remaining particles settle to the bottom.

After passing the wastewater through such a three-chamber sewerage system, they flow into the infiltration tunnel already mentioned above. This is due to the action of a submersible pump.

In such a tunnel, wastewater undergoes final treatment and merges into the soil itself.

It is on this principle that sewerage works with high groundwater. In principle, for the installation of such a system, you can turn to specialized firms. However, with the desire and dexterity, it is quite possible to easily manage on your own. It turns out that this is a daunting task. Therefore, we will consider the question of how to make a sewer - if groundwater is close with your own hands.

Features of the construction of sewerage at a high level of groundwater

It is important to know that the construction of the sewerage system should be started only when the groundwater level drops to its minimum. Only after that should you start digging a pit. There are two wells to be placed. Either you have to make a sewer well on your own, or you can buy industrial plastic tanks. One of the wells must be connected to a sewer pipe coming from the house. And the second is connected to the first well through a pipe, but in such a way that the liquid from the first flows easily into the second.

In general, if you have doubts about what materials to build wells from, then you should opt for reinforced concrete. By the way, ready-made wells for installation on land plots can also be found on sale. True, you will have to pay a lot for this. Plus consider the cost of delivery and installation of such wells.

As for the infiltration tunnel, the sewerage device at a high level of groundwater will not do without it. This tunnel-cassette is best placed to a depth of up to half a meter in the ground. If the groundwater is already too close to the surface, then pour sand into the channel dug under the cassette, lay a layer of rubble on top, and the infiltration tunnel itself on it. Do not forget that the cassette must be properly insulated. Pour gravel and sand on top. You can also consider laying a special heat-preserving material over the infiltration tunnel.

In general, it is better to buy an infiltration tunnel ready-made. But you can make it yourself. This tunnel is an elongated plastic box. In some ways there are similarities with a conventional pipe. This cassette tunnel is equipped with many technological holes through which water will seep into the soil. You can, by the way, buy a cheaper replacement. This is the drainage of the foundation, which is also equipped with holes. It may well perform the functions of an infiltration tunnel, but still the effectiveness of its work will be much lower. Therefore, when making a choice, proceed from your financial capabilities and how long you want the sewer system to serve you.

Also keep in mind that the infiltration tunnel (or simply the infiltrator) cannot be operated alone, without working together with the septic tank itself. In other words, to take and bury the infiltrator in the ground and drain it directly, without cleaning, drains is an absurd decision. Indeed, in this case, the holes of the mechanism will immediately clog. And it will either have to be thoroughly cleaned, or even replaced with a new one. Therefore, do not take risks. And follow all the rules.

And finally, the last element of the whole system. This is a pump. The submersible pump is attached to the last tank of the sewer system. It must have a float that will control the filling level of the tank and give a signal to automatically turn on the pump. Experts advise to get two submersible pumps. The thing is that as a result of force majeure, one of the pumps may not work, then the second one will definitely save the situation.

This is how sewerage is built - if groundwater is close. Of course, this is not to say that this is an easy and simple way to equip the system. But perhaps this is the only way out. Do not forget that if your site sins with a high level of groundwater, you will have to sweat a lot to get the treatment system working. But if you follow our advice and thoroughly work out this problem, then an autonomous sewage system with a high level of groundwater will work smoothly, like a clockwork. And, therefore, you will only have to enjoy the result of your work and the comfort of country life with all the amenities!

If you are lucky enough to have a site in a swampy area (that is, where the level of groundwater flow is close to the surface), then equipping a sewer system will be a task for you that requires a careful approach. Since it is impossible to arrange a septic tank for high groundwater with a drainage bottom.

Such an installation of a standard treatment tank threatens a mini-environmental disaster, at least for a specific site, and on a larger scale for all neighbors. Since the wastewater, entering the soil through the drainage chamber, will merge with groundwater, and from there go to the nearest wells, wells, garden crops, etc.

What is the way to solve the problem that the "happy" owners of a summer cottage or suburban area in a swampy area have, we understand our material. And for clarity, we attach the video below.

Important: with a high GWL (groundwater level) on the site, it is imperative to make an allowance for this factor at the time of design and installation of all communications related to water.

If you understand that a standard cesspool, even for a seasonal dacha, is not your case, since there is a risk of poisoning the entire perimeter of land holdings, then we suggest that you even more thoroughly understand the features of the swampy area and understand how difficult it is in the sewer installation lan. In addition, here you will find out what risks may await during the construction and operation of a sealed septic tank for pumping out on such soils. As they say, forewarned is forearmed.

• So, even the simplest single-chamber design of a septic tank will require remarkable forces for its installation. And it's all about the mobility of moist soil. Therefore, you will have to tinker to securely fix the treatment plant chamber in the ground. Most often, either a concrete slab is used for this (if a plastic septic tank is installed), or a treatment well is mounted from concrete rings. In any case, the installation process will take longer than installing a septic tank on standard soil with a low GWL.
• The emergence of a septic tank chamber during the snowmelt or heavy rains season. This is especially true for plastic tanks. The fact is that plastic storage tanks are identical to water floats. So, even in a filled state, such chambers are subject to a powerful pressure of soil flavored with water. As a result of the ascent or roll of the septic tank, the tightness of all joints will be broken. There is a risk of seepage of both dirty water into the ground, which is dangerous for the environment, and groundwater into the septic tank chambers, which will require frequent invitation of sewage equipment. And this will hurt the family.
• Complete flooding of all chambers of the septic tank. This can also happen as a result of tank shifts and a violation of its tightness due to violations of the installation rules. As a result, you will have to face a local disaster. All water sources will be poisoned, ponds and reservoirs may bloom, and garden and horticultural crops will become unusable.

Important: a septic tank for a site with a high GWL must be completely sealed in all chambers. There should be no drainage into the soil.

How to correctly determine the level of groundwater on the site

In order to make sure that your site is located in a swampy area, you should make small observations. As a rule, the GWL on the site is fully manifested during the season of snow melting or autumn prolonged rains.

To control the level of groundwater, you need to drill recesses in the garden at the right time. For work, a simple auger garden drill is used. The recesses are made until they hit the water.

Important: it is necessary to make several control recesses at once at different ends of the site. This is done in order to reconcile the received data throughout the territory.

If you don’t feel like messing around with drilling and tracking, then you can just chat with your neighbors. The long-livers of your village clearly have information about the GWL, which will subsequently facilitate the installation of a septic tank.

Important: almost the entire central strip of Russia is located on swampy terrain. Sometimes the groundwater level can be only 20-40 cm from the surface of the earth. This once again indicates that a private sewage system in the form of a septic tank must be exceptionally tight and only for pumping.

Important principles for arranging a septic tank with a high GWL

In order to make a private sewage system for a summer house or a country house with a high groundwater level with your own hands, you must strictly follow several important principles:

• Firstly, only plastic should be used as a material for the cleaning structure, and preferably fiberglass. Its compressive strength is much higher than other types of PVC material. At the same time, the plasticity of such a container is also better. It is better to forget about septic tanks made of concrete rings or bricks right away. These materials have joints and are very hygroscopic, and therefore, with an increased attack of water from two sides, they will soon give up their positions. Even if at the installation stage make a special coating with waterproofing mastic. Yes, and it will be too difficult to install a septic tank made of concrete, and even more so a brick on watery soil.

Important: the tightness of the septic tank chambers in the case of a high GWL is first of all! Therefore, the choice of material for the waste collector should be well thought out.

• The ideal option would be a septic tank, specially designed and created by modern manufacturers. The design of such inventions has two or three chambers interconnected by overflow pipes. A fully finished plastic septic tank only needs to be installed in the ground, and you can operate it after connecting the sewer pipe. Such a septic tank works very efficiently, accumulating drains from all over the house, defending them and completely cleaning them. As a result, in the third chamber of the treatment system there will be only clean water, which will remain to be pumped out.

Important: if your site is close to a reservoir, then you can save on the services of an assinizer and simply dump water into it. According to SNiP, domestic wastewater that has been treated through an industrial septic tank is considered 98% clean. And by using aerobic bacteria in the septic tank, you can reduce the amount of residual sludge in the chambers, and later use it as fertilizer for the garden or garden. Thus, having made the right choice, it will again be possible to save on assimilation equipment.

• It is worth remembering that a reliable sealed septic tank for a site with a high level of groundwater needs to be cleaned as it fills up. Otherwise, an overflow of drains may occur. So it is not worth neglecting the pumping of effluents.

If the option of a finished septic tank is not suitable

If you decide to save money and build a septic tank with your own hands, then you will have to use either a monolithic concrete pour or ready-made plastic cubes. Consider both options for the device.

PVC cube septic tank. For high-quality installation of cameras, it is necessary to prepare a pit, which should exceed the parameters of the cubes by 20-30 cm. The bottom of the pit is well compacted and a layer of sand 30 cm thick is poured into it. A concrete slab is placed on the sand, which will become a reliable anchor for plastic. With the help of anchors and chains, the septic tank is securely anchored.

After that, it is necessary to make a cement-sand sprinkling of containers. The septic tank chamber is filled with liquid by 30 cm and sprinkling begins from the outside to the same height. Continuing to gradually fill the chamber with water and the distance between the septic tank and the walls of the pit, move to the top. This technology makes it possible to insure treatment tanks against soil pressure and subsequent deformation.

After all the cubes are mounted, it is necessary to provide their overflow part with the help of tubes. In this case, be sure to take care of the sealing of all joints. Lastly, the septic tank is covered with a plate for its reliable fixation. The ventilation pipe is brought out and access to the hatches is provided, as indicated in the video below.

Septic tank monolithic concrete

For the device of a private sewerage system in a swampy area, you can also make a monolithic septic tank of concrete with your own hands. This choice is correct: the design has no joints, which means it will be a reliable reservoir for domestic wastewater.

• So, first we dig a pit. We strengthen its walls with formwork and at the same time form a form for concrete pouring according to the size of the pit. Immediately it is worth making all the partitions with pipes for overflow into them.
• A reinforcing mesh is installed in the center of the formwork and along its entire height. It will make the concrete stronger after drying.
• The solution, reinforced with a hydrophobic additive for resistance to moisture, is poured into the formwork and left for 2-3 days. If the weather is good, the solution will set during this time. And it will take 7 to 10 days for it to dry completely.

Important: in the process of pouring the solution for its high-quality compaction, it is better to use a construction vibrator. So the finished monolithic septic tank will be almost pore-free.

• After the tank has dried, it is advisable to coat it with sealant from the inside.
• The next step is to fill the bottom. First, the bottom of all three chambers is well rammed. After that, a layer of sand is poured, which is also carefully rammed.
• A reinforcing mesh is laid on the sand and a solution is poured. Waiting for it to dry completely.
• The last step is to make a concrete floor. To do this, the walls of the septic tank are covered with metal corners - stiffeners. Boards are laid on top perpendicular to the width of the chamber. If it is more than 1.5 m, then you will have to install support pillars from below. Otherwise, the finished concrete pouring will simply push through the walls of the septic tank with its weight.
• A reinforcing mesh is laid on the boards, formwork is placed and the solution is poured. Do not forget about the hatches and holes for the ventilation pipe.

It remains to connect the sewer pipe to the septic tank and start its operation, as shown in the video below.

If your site in a swampy area is used as a summer residence for seasonal visits, then here you can simply mount a storage tank in which drains will be collected. Over time, they will have to be pumped out with the help of a sewer.

Another solution may be to opt for a special drainage fecal pump, which can raise the effluent to a higher level and send it to a reservoir located on the surface without burying it in the ground. But this version of the do-it-yourself sewerage device is also optimal only for temporary or seasonal summer cottages.

Sewerage at a high level of groundwater must be carried out very carefully, because it is required to achieve absolute tightness of the structure. To do this, all connections must be made in such a way that high leakage protection is provided. For this, rubber and silicone seals are used. In addition, pipes are not simply inserted into the storage tank, but welded using a welding gun. The construction of a pit for wastewater in conditions of high GWL is quite difficult, because it is necessary to constantly pump out the water coming from the ground.

Installation of sewerage at a high level of groundwater is fraught with the following problems:

• If mistakes are made during construction, then sewage can spill over the surface of the earth around the structure during seasonal floods and with a large burst of discharge.
• With improper arrangement of autonomous sewage, effluents can pollute the soil and water sources. At the same time, neither the filtration well nor the filtration fields will help to sufficiently clean the wastewater.
• Due to the fact that the drains will be poorly filtered into the soil, an unpleasant odor will constantly spread from the structure. Its intensity will depend on weather conditions: ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure.

Issue price

To make sewerage in conditions of high GWL, you can always go in two ways:

1. Spend a lot of money at the beginning of installation by installing a bioseptic tank and choosing high-quality LSU pipes for arranging external sewage. But in the future, you can live without problems and not spend anything on maintaining the system.
2. If you can't afford to spend a lot in the beginning, then you will have to spend little, but almost constantly. You can save even more if you do everything yourself. But it is quite difficult to carry out the installation correctly in such difficult conditions without the appropriate knowledge and experience.

Autonomous sewage in conditions of high GWL can be done with different cleaning options. The cost of the entire structure also depends on this. So, you can choose one of the following designs:

1. Bioseptic is the most expensive and most effective option. The degree of wastewater purification reaches 98%, which is ideal for areas with high groundwater.
2. Can do septic tank with mechanical cleaning. But its effectiveness depends on the number of cameras. For these conditions, a three-chamber version is suitable. However, even after such a construction, the effluent needs additional treatment, which is directly related to the characteristics of the soil.
3. Closed storage tanks- these are hermetic inexpensive structures that can be used in conditions of high groundwater standing. But such containers must be regularly cleaned with a sewage truck, which entails fixed costs.

Important: the main condition for sewerage, which is carried out at a site with a high GWL, is the tightness of the entire structure, regardless of the choice of cleaning method.

Construction of a cesspool

If you want to make an inexpensive autonomous sewer, then a cesspool is a suitable option. In fact, this is a sealed well made of concrete rings or a plastic container with a lid and a hatch on top for pumping sewage. The main advantages of this option are reasonable price and ease of arrangement.

But such a structure has more disadvantages than advantages:

• If there is a depressurization of the structure, the effluent will enter the ground and groundwater and cause contamination of drinking water sources. This is especially true if a well is used as a source of drinking water in your territory and neighboring areas.
• Since it is necessary to call for sewers to service the cesspool, it is necessary to make a free access to the structure.
• Additional costs for calling a car every 2-4 months.
• Even a sealed well made of concrete rings will emit an unpleasant odor when filled with drains.

As a rule, the bottom of the cesspool should be no closer than one meter from the GWL. However, if this cannot be achieved under conditions of high water standing, the following rules should be followed when installing an autonomous sewage system:

1. It is necessary to equip infiltration cassettes near the structure. These are tunnels with different diameters that can draw in and filter water. Their only drawback is freezing in winter. To prevent this from happening, the cassettes must be insulated.
2. Two storage wells can be made. In the second of them, an additional pump is installed, which will pump the treated wastewater into a roadside ditch, which should be located on the same level as the site.

Important: on sandy and sandy soils with an average GWL, underground filtration systems can be used. This is a more economical option.

Usually, the installation of a pit in conditions of high GWL is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. To begin with, two pits are being dug. In each of them, a hermetic structure made of concrete rings or other material is installed. Both tanks are connected by a pipe.
2. A sewer pipe coming from the house is connected to the main pit.
3. Now we are making a device for taking water from the soil. To do this, we dig a separate hole no more than half a meter deep. We put an infiltration cassette in it.
4. To pump wastewater from the second chamber, a drainage pump is installed into the infiltration cassette.

Attention: Do not install the drain pipe directly into the pit with an infiltration cassette. With such installation, the life of the system and its functionality will be reduced.

Septic tank with mechanical cleaning

As we have already said, with a high level of GWL, a septic tank must be made from several chambers - better than three. In addition, it is better to choose special rings with locks and carefully seal the joints of the structure. Otherwise, the effluent from the septic tank can seep into the groundwater and cause contamination.

For a more hermetic and reliable structure, it is better to cast the structure on site. For this, the following is done:

1. After digging the pit, the removable formwork is installed. For digging a pit, it is better to choose a period when the level of standing groundwater will be minimal. This is seen in winter. But even in a hot dry summer, you can dig a pit.
2. A reinforcing cage is installed inside the formwork.
3. Then the mortar is prepared and poured between the formwork panels. In this case, the pouring is performed in layers of 25-30 cm, followed by ramming of each layer with a deep vibrator or by piercing it with reinforcement. So you can get rid of air bubbles and make the structure stronger, tighter and more durable.
4. If the depth of the structure must be significant, you can not dig a hole to the full depth. After the concrete walls of a small height (for example, 1 meter) are completed, the formwork is removed and the soil between the inner walls and under them begins to be removed. Thus, the entire structure will slowly sink into the pit. Then the formwork is again installed on the recessed walls and the concrete is poured again along the reinforcing cage.

Tip: instead of concrete rings, sealed plastic containers can be used to equip the chambers. But they need to be carefully fixed in the pit so that they do not float up during the flood. To do this, a concrete pad is arranged at the bottom of the pit. And the tanks are tied with cables to the reinforcement outlets from the concrete bottom.

After completing one chamber, the second and third chambers of the septic tank are constructed in the same way with mechanical cleaning. In this case, all cameras are made with a bottom. Then we carry out the installation of the infiltration tunnel. It can be located almost under the surface of the earth above the GWL. Its installation takes place in the following sequence:

1. First, we dig a pit with a depth of 0.5 m.
2. Then at the bottom we make a filtering layer of sand and gravel 30 cm high.
3. We put infiltration cassettes on it.
4. We connect them to the septic tank and fill the hole with soil.
5. From above we pour a hill of soil for additional insulation of the infiltration tunnel.

Important: the small diameter of the tunnel (150 mm) makes it possible to use it even at high standing groundwater. That is, the structure will be almost at the surface of the earth. However, shallow cassettes, in addition to insulation, must be covered with a hill of earth from above. So you reliably protect them from freezing in winter.

The principle of operation of a septic tank at a high level of groundwater is as follows:

1. Wastewater flows by gravity into the first chamber of the septic tank. Here, insoluble heavy substances precipitate at the bottom in the form of sediment. In this case, fats float to the surface and form a film there.
2. After that, the treated effluents flow into the second chamber. Here, further cleaning is carried out thanks to the activity of anaerobic bacteria that do not need oxygen. They break down the complex organic components of wastewater into simpler elements - water and gas. To remove gases from this chamber, ventilation is provided in the design.
3. Then the effluents flow into the third chamber, where they are settled and clarified.
4. After that, the clarified liquid is pumped by a pump into the infiltration tunnel. Here, wastewater undergoes additional purification and is discharged into the ground without the risk of causing pollution of groundwater.

The submersible pump in the last chamber of the septic tank must be equipped with a float mechanism so that the unit can turn itself on and off when filling and emptying the chamber. It is necessary to lay an electric cable to the septic tank and think over the system for attaching pumping equipment.