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Automated control units for engineering systems: what you need to know when planning the overhaul of MKD. Automated control unit (AUU)

Appendix 1

to the Department

and beautification of the city of Moscow

REGULATIONS

PERFORM MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR WORKS

OF AUTOMATED CONTROL UNIT (ACU) OF THE CENTRAL

HEATING OF HOUSES IN THE CITY OF MOSCOW

1. Terms and definitions

1.1. GU IS districts - State institutions of the city of Moscow engineering services of districts - organizations created by reorganization public institutions of the city of Moscow of unified information and settlement centers of the administrative districts of the city of Moscow in accordance with the Decree of the Government of Moscow dated 01.01.01 N 299-PP "On measures to bring the management system of apartment buildings in the city of Moscow into line with the Housing Code Russian Federation"and performing the functions assigned to them by the named resolution and other legal acts of the city of Moscow. The unified information and settlement centers of the districts of the city of Moscow function as part of the GU IS of the districts of the city of Moscow.

1.2. Managing organization - legal entity
any organizational and legal form, including a homeowners association, housing cooperative, residential complex or other specialized consumer cooperative that provides services and performs work on the proper maintenance and repair of common property in such a house, provides utility services to owners of premises in such a house and using premises in this house persons carrying out other activities aimed at achieving the goals of managing an apartment building and performing the functions of managing an apartment building on the basis of a management agreement.

1.3. Automated node control (AUU) - a complex heat engineering device designed to automatically maintain the optimal parameters of the coolant in the heating system. The automated control unit is installed between the heating system and the heating system.

1.4. Verification of AC components - a set of operations performed by specialized organizations in order to determine and confirm the compliance of AC components with established technical requirements.

1.5. ACU maintenance - a set of works to maintain the ACU in good condition, prevent failures and malfunctions of its components and ensure the specified performance.

1.6. Serviced home - a residential building in which maintenance and Maintenance Ayy.

1.7. Service log - accounting document, which records data on the state of the equipment, events and other information related to the maintenance and repair of the automated control unit of the heating system.

1.8. AUU repair - current repair of AUU, including: replacement of gaskets, replacement/cleaning of filters, replacement/repair of temperature sensors, replacement/repair of pressure gauges.

1.9. Tank for draining the coolant - a water tank with a volume of at least 100 liters.

1.10. ETKS - Unified tariff-qualification directory of works and professions of workers, consists of tariff- qualification characteristics, containing the characteristics of the main types of work according to the professions of workers, depending on their complexity and the corresponding tariff categories, as well as the requirements for the professional knowledge and skills of workers.

1.11. EKS - Unified qualification directory of positions of managers, specialists and employees, consists of qualification characteristics of positions of managers, specialists and employees, containing job responsibilities and requirements for the level of knowledge and qualifications of managers, specialists and employees.

2. General provisions

2.1. This Regulation determines the scope and content of work performed by specialized organizations for the maintenance of automated control units (ACU) for heat supply in residential buildings in the city of Moscow. The regulation contains the main organizational, technical and technological requirements for the performance of maintenance work on automated thermal energy control units installed in systems central heating residential buildings.

2.2. This regulation has been developed in accordance with:

2.2.1. Law of the city of Moscow N 35 dated July 5, 2006 "On energy saving in the city of Moscow".

2.2.2. Decree of the Government of Moscow dated 01.01.2001 N 138 "On approval of the Moscow city building codes" Energy saving in buildings. Standards for thermal protection and heat and water supply.

2.2.3. Decree of the Government of Moscow dated 01.01.2001 N 92-PP "On approval of the Moscow city building codes (MGSN) 6.02-03" Thermal insulation of pipelines for various purposes.

2.2.4. Decree of the Government of Moscow of 01.01.01 N 299-PP "On measures to bring the management system of apartment buildings in the city of Moscow in line with the Housing Code of the Russian Federation."

2.2.5. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 01.01.01 N 307 "On the procedure for providing utilities citizens."

2.2.6. Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated 01.01.01 N 170 "On approval of the Rules and norms for the technical operation of the housing stock".

2.2.7. GOST R 8. "Metrological support of measuring systems".

2.2.8. GOST 12.0.004-90 "System of labor safety standards. Organization of labor safety training. General provisions".

2.2.9. Intersectoral rules on labor protection (safety rules) for the operation of electrical installations, approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of 01.01.2001 N 3, order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of 01.01.2001 N 163 (as amended and supplemented).

2.2.10. Rules for the installation of electrical installations approved by the Main Technical Administration, Gosenergonadzor of the Ministry of Energy of the USSR (with amendments and additions).

2.2.11. Rules for the technical operation of electrical installations of consumers, approved by order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of 01.01.2001 N 6.

2.2.12. Passport for the automated control unit (AUU) of the manufacturer.

2.2.13. Instructions for installation, start-up, regulation and operation of the automated control unit for heating systems (AUU).

2.3. The provisions of this Regulation are intended for use by organizations that carry out maintenance and repair of automated control units for the central heating system of residential buildings in the city of Moscow, regardless of ownership, legal form and departmental affiliation.

2.4. This Regulation establishes the procedure, composition and terms for the maintenance of automated control units for heating systems (ACU) installed in residential buildings.

2.5. Works on maintenance and repair of automated control units of the heating system (ACU) installed in residential buildings are carried out on the basis of a contract Maintenance concluded between a representative of the owners of a residential building (a managing organization, including a homeowners association, housing cooperative, residential complex or an authorized owner-representative in the case of direct management).

3. Maintenance log

and repair of AUU (Service magazine)

3.1. All operations performed in the course of the performance of maintenance and repair of the ACU are subject to entry in the journal of the performance of maintenance and repair of the ACU (hereinafter referred to as the Service Journal). All sheets of the journal must be numbered and certified by the seal of the Managing Organization.

3.2. Maintenance and storage of the Service Log is carried out by the Managing Organization, which manages the Serviced House.

3.3. Personal responsibility for the safety of the journal rests with the person authorized by the Managing Organization.

3.4. The Service Log contains the following data:

3.4.1. Date and time of maintenance work, including the time the maintenance team received access to the technical room of the house and the time it ended (time of arrival and departure).

3.4.2. The composition of the service team that carries out maintenance of the ACU.

3.4.3. A list of works performed during maintenance and repair, the time for each of them.

3.4.4. Date and number of the contract for the performance of work on the maintenance and repair of the ACU.

3.4.5. Service organization.

3.4.6. Information about the representative of the Managing Organization who accepted the maintenance work of the AC.

3.5. The service log refers to the technical documentation of the Serviced Home and is subject to transfer in the event of a change of the Managing Organization.

and repair of ACU

4.1. Maintenance and repair of ACU are carried out by qualified employees in accordance with the frequency, installed by the application 1 to this Regulation for the performance of work.

4.2. Maintenance and repair work of the AUU is carried out by specialists whose specialty and qualifications comply with the minimum established requirements of clause 5 of these Technological maps.

4.3. Repairs must be carried out at the installation site of the ACU or at the enterprise directly carrying out repairs.

4.4. Preparation and organization of work on the maintenance and repair of ACU.

4.4.1. The managing organization coordinates with the organization planned to be involved in the maintenance of the AC, the work schedule, which may be an annex to the maintenance contract for the AC.

4.4.2. The last name of the maintenance team is reported to the Managing Organization in advance (before the day of maintenance and repair of the ACU). Residents of the Serviced Home must be notified in advance of the work being carried out. Such notice may be in the form of an announcement that is visible to the residents of the building. The duty to notify residents rests with the Managing Organization.

4.4.3. The Managing Organization provides the following documents (copies) for review to the Handling Organization:

Certificate;

Technical certificate;

Installation instructions;

Instructions for start-up and adjustment;

User manual;

Repair manual;

Warranty certificate;

The act of factory tests of the ACU.

4.5. Access of the maintenance team to the technical room of the Serviced House.

4.5.1. Access to the technical premises of a residential building for maintenance and repair of the ACU is carried out in the presence of a representative of the Managing Organization. Information about the access time of the maintenance team to the technical premises of the Serviced House is entered in the Service Log.

4.5.2. Before starting work, the readings of the control and measuring devices of the ACU are entered in the Service Log indicating the identifier of the control and measuring device, its readings and the time of their fixation.

4.6. Works on maintenance and repair of ACU.

4.6.1. An employee of the maintenance team of the Service organization performs visual inspection ACU units for the absence of leakage, damage, extraneous noise, pollution.

4.6.2. After the inspection, an inspection report is drawn up in the Service Journal, in which information is entered on the condition of the connecting pipes, their joints, and ACU units.

4.6.3. If there are leaks at the joints of the pipes, it is necessary to identify the cause of their occurrence and eliminate them.

4.6.4. Before inspecting and cleaning the ACU elements from contamination, it is necessary to turn off the power supply of the ACU.

4.6.5. The pumps must first be turned off by turning the pump control switches on the control panel front panel to the off position. After that, open the control panel and switch the automatic circuit preparation machines 3Q4, 3Q14 to the off position according to scheme 1 (not shown) (Appendix 2). Then the control controller should be de-energized, for this it is necessary to switch the 2F10 single-pole switch to the off position according to diagram 1.

4.6.6. After performing the above actions, switch the three-pole switch 2S3 to the opening position according to diagram 1. In this case, the phase indicators L1, L2, L3 on the external panel of the control panel should go out.

4.7. Checking the operation of emergency protection and alarms, maintenance of electrical equipment.

4.7.1. Turn off the circuit breaker in the control panel of the operating pump according to the electrical diagram of the ACU control panel.

4.7.2. The pump should stop (the glow of the control panel on the pump will disappear).

4.7.3. The green pump operation light on the control panel should go out and the red pump alarm light should come on. The display of the controller will start flashing.

4.7.4. The backup pump should start automatically (the control panel on the pump will light up, the green light of the backup pump will light up on the control panel).

4.7.5. Wait 1 min. - the standby pump must remain in operation.

4.7.6. Press any button on the controller to reset the blinking.

4.7.7. The L66 card of the ECL 301 controller has the yellow side facing out.

4.7.8. Move up button to go to line A.

4.7.9. Press the I/II circuit selection button twice, the left LED under the card should go out.

4.7.10. The controller display will show the alarm log and ON. There should be a 1 in the lower left corner.

4.7.11. Press the minus button on the controller, the display should change to OFF, a double dash should appear in the lower left corner - the alarm has been reset.

4.7.12. Press the I/II circuit selection button once, the left LED under the card will light up.

4.7.13. Use the down button to return to line B.

4.7.14. Checking the protective function of the electric drive AMV 23, AMV 413.

4.7.15. Switch off the automatic power supply of the controller in accordance with the electrical diagram of the ACU control panel.

4.7.16. The controller should turn off (the display will turn off). The electric actuator must close the control valve: verify this by looking at the position indicator of the electric actuator, it must be in the closed position (see the manufacturer's instructions for the electric actuator).

4.8. Checking the operability of automation equipment for a heating point.

4.8.1. Set the ECL 301 controller to manual mode according to the manufacturer's instructions.

4.8.2. In manual mode from the controller, turn on - turn off the circulation pumps (track according to the indication on the switchboard and the control panel on the pumps).

4.8.3. In manual mode, open - close the control valve (track by the indicator of the movement of the electric drive).

4.8.4. Set the controller back to automatic mode.

4.8.5. Perform an emergency transfer test on the pumps.

4.8.6. Check the temperature readings on the controller display with the readings of indicating thermometers in the places where the temperature sensors are installed. The difference should not be more than 2C.

4.8.7. On the controller line on the yellow side of the card, press the shift button and hold it down, the controller display will show the supply and processing temperature settings. Remember these values.

4.8.8. Release the shift button, the display will show the actual temperatures, the deviation from the settings should be no more than 2C.

4.8.9. Check the pressure maintained by the back pressure regulator (differential pressure maintained by the differential pressure regulator), the setting set during the adjustment of the automatic control unit.

4.8.10. Using the adjusting nut of the AFA pressure regulator, compress the spring (in the case of the AVA regulator, release the spring) and reduce the pressure value to the regulator (check the pressure gauge).

4.8.11. Return the setting of the AFA (AVA) regulator to the working position.

4.8.12. Using the adjusting nut of the differential pressure regulator AFP-9 (adjusting knob AVP) by expanding the spring, reduce the value of the differential pressure (track on pressure gauges).

4.8.13. Return the setting of the differential pressure regulator to its previous position.

4.9. Checking the performance of shut-off valves.

4.9.1. Open/turn the stopcock until it stops.

4.9.2. Assess ease of movement.

4.9.3. According to the readings of the nearest pressure gauge, evaluate the blocking capacity of the shut-off valves.

4.9.4. If the pressure in the system does not decrease or does not decrease completely, it is necessary to establish the reasons for the valve leakage, if necessary, replace it.

4.10. Cleaning the mesh filter.

4.10.1. Before starting work on cleaning the mesh filter, it is necessary to close the taps 31, 32 according to scheme 2 (not shown), located in front of the pumps. Then you should turn off the valve 20 according to scheme 2, located in front of the filter.

4.10.5. After installing the filter cover, it is necessary to open the valves 31, 32 according to scheme 2, located in front of the pumps.

4.11. Cleaning the impulse piping of the differential pressure regulator.

4.11.1. Before cleaning the tubes of the differential pressure regulator, it is necessary to close the taps 2 and 3 according to scheme 2.

4.11.3. To flush the first impulse tube, open tap 2 and flush it out with a jet of water.

4.11.4. The resulting water should be collected in a special container (tank for draining the coolant).

4.11.5. After flushing the first impulse tube, replace it and screw it in union nut.

4.11.6. To flush the second impulse tube, unscrew the union nut securing the second impulse tube, then disconnect the tube.

4.11.7. To flush the second impulse tube, use tap 3.

4.11.8. After flushing the second impulse tube, reattach the tube and tighten the union nut.

4.11.9. After cleaning the impulse pipes, open valves 2 and 3 according to scheme 2.

4.11.10. After opening taps 2 and 3 (Scheme 2), it is necessary to bleed air from the tubes using the union nuts of the differential pressure regulator. To do this, unscrew the union nut 1-2 turns and tighten it after air comes out of the impulse tube, tighten it. Repeat the operation for each of the impulse tubes in turn.

4.12. Cleaning the impulse pipes of the differential pressure switch.

4.12.1. Before cleaning the tubes of the differential pressure regulator, it is necessary to close the taps 22 and 23 according to scheme 2.

4.12.3. To flush the first impulse tube, it is necessary to open the valve 22 according to scheme 2 and wash it with a jet of water.

4.12.4. After flushing the first impulse tube, replace it and tighten the union nut.

4.12.5. To flush the second impulse tube, unscrew the union nut securing the second impulse tube of the differential pressure switch, and then disconnect the tube.

4.12.6. To flush the second impulse tube, use tap 23.

4.12.7. After flushing the second impulse tube, reattach the tube and tighten the union nut.

4.12.8. After cleaning the impulse pipes, open valves 22 and 23 according to scheme 2.

4.12.9. After opening valves 22 and 23 (Scheme 2), it is necessary to bleed air from the tubes using the union nuts of the differential pressure regulator. To do this, unscrew the union nut 1-2 turns and tighten it after air comes out of the impulse tube, tighten it. Repeat the operation for each of the impulse tubes in turn.

4.13. Checking manometers.

4.13.1. For work on calibration of manometers. Before removing them, it is necessary to close taps 2 and 3 according to diagram 2.

4.13.2. Plugs are inserted into the places where the pressure gauges are attached.

4.13.3. Verification tests of pressure gauges are carried out in accordance with GOST 2405-88 and the Method of Verification. "Pressure gauges, vacuum gauges, pressure and vacuum gauges, pressure gauges, draft gauges and thrust gauges" MI 2124-90.

4.13.4. Verification is carried out by specialized organizations whose metrological services are accredited by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology, on the basis of an agreement with the Managing Organization or with the Service.

4.13.5. Certified pressure gauges are installed in place.

4.13.6. After installing the pressure gauges, it is necessary to open valves 31 and 32 according to scheme 2.

4.13.7. The joints of pressure gauges and connecting pipes of the ACU system must be checked for leaks. The check is carried out visually within 1 minute.

4.13.8. After that, you should check the readings of all pressure gauges and record them in the Service log.

4.14. Checking thermometer sensors.

4.14.1. A portable reference thermometer and an ohmmeter are used to test thermometer sensors.

4.14.2. Using an ohmmeter, the resistance between the conductors of the temperature sensor under test is measured. The ohmmeter readings and the time they were taken are recorded. At the point where the temperature is taken by the appropriate sensor, the temperature readings are determined using a reference thermometer. The obtained resistance values are compared with the calculated resistance value for the given sensor and for the temperature determined by the reference thermometer.

4.14.3. If the readings of the temperature sensor do not correspond to the required values, the sensor must be replaced.

4.15. Checking the performance of indicator lamps.

4.15.1. It is necessary to turn on the three-pole switch 2S3 according to scheme 1 (Appendix 2).

4.15.2. Phase indication lamps L1, L2, L3 on the front panel of the control panel should light up.

4.15.4. Then you should press the "Check lamps" button on the front panel of the control panel. The lamps "pump 1" and "pump 2" and "pump alarm" should light up.

4.15.5. After that, apply voltage to the 2F10 controller according to scheme 1, then turn on the 3Q4 and 3Q13 machines (diagram 1).

4.15.6. Upon completion of the check of the condition of the lamps, an entry about this is recorded in the Service log.

5. The procedure for performing work on the technical

maintenance and repair of ACU

5.1. Preparation and organization of work on the maintenance and repair of ACU.

5.1.1. Development and coordination with the managing organization of the work schedule.

5.1.2. Access of the maintenance team to the technical room of the Serviced House.

5.1.3. Carrying out maintenance and repair work of the ACU.

5.1.4. Handover and acceptance of works on maintenance and repair of ACU to a representative of the Managing Organization.

5.1.5. Termination of access to the technical premises of the Serviced Home.

6. AUU repair

6.1. Repair of the ACU is carried out within the terms agreed between the Managing and Maintenance Organizations.

6.2. Work on the repair of ACU should be carried out by an energy engineer and a plumber of the 6th category, depending on the type of repair work.

6.3. For the delivery of workers, equipment and materials to the place of work and back, the delivery of a faulty AC to the repair facility and back to the installation site, a utility vehicle (Gazelle type) is used.

6.4. Units from the reserve fund are installed in place of the repaired AC units for the period of repair.

6.5. When dismantling a faulty AUU unit, the act records the readings at the time of dismantling, the number of the AUU unit and the reason for dismantling.

6.6. Works on the repair and preparation for verification of the ACU are carried out by the repair personnel of a specialized organization serving this ACU.

6.7. In case of failure of one of the elements of the ACU, they are replaced with similar ones from the reserve fund.

7. Labor protection

7.1.1. This Instruction defines the basic requirements for labor protection when performing maintenance and repair of ACU.

7.1.2. Maintenance and repair of automated control units is allowed for persons who have reached the age of 18, who have passed a medical examination, theoretical and practical training, a knowledge test in the qualification commission with the assignment of an electrical safety group of at least III and who have received a certificate for admission to independent work.

7.1.3. A locksmith may be exposed to the following health hazards: electric shock; poisoning with toxic vapors and gases; thermal burns.

7.1.4. Periodic testing of the locksmith's knowledge is carried out at least once a year.

7.1.5. The employee is provided with overalls and safety shoes in accordance with applicable standards.

7.1.6. When working with electrical equipment, the employee must be provided with basic and additional protective equipment that ensure the safety of his work (dielectric gloves, dielectric mat, tool with insulating handles, portable grounding, posters, etc.).

7.1.7. The employee must be able to use fire extinguishing equipment, know their location.

7.1.8. The safety of operation of automation devices located in fire and explosion hazardous areas must be ensured by the availability of appropriate protection systems.

8. Final provisions

8.1. When making changes or additions to normative and legal acts, building codes and regulations, national and interstate standards or technical documentation governing the operating conditions of the AC, appropriate changes or additions are made to these Regulations.

Appendix 1

to the Regulations

PERIODICITY OF WORK FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF INDIVIDUAL TECHNICAL

OPERATIONS, USE OF MACHINES AND MECHANISMS

Name of work on maintenance	Qty operations in year, units	Qualification
Inspection of AC units

AC power outage		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Inspection of pumping equipment, instrumentation, control cabinet, connections and pipelines of the heating point for no leaks, damage, foreign noise, pollution, cleaning pollution, drawing up a protocol inspection		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Checking incoming and supported parameters (temperatures, pressures) according to indications of the controllers of the control unit and instrumentation (manometers and thermometers)		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Checking the operation of emergency protection and alarms, maintenance electrical equipment

Failover Test circulation pumps		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Checking the protective function of the drive AMV23, AMV 413 when de-energized		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Checking the indication lamps on the board automation		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Checking the operability of automation equipment for a heat point

Checking the ECL 301 controller		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Checking the drive		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Differential pressure switch test		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Checking temperature sensors		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Testing Direct Acting Regulators (differential pressure or regulator backwater)		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Examination circulation pump		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Checking the performance of shutoff valves

Ease of movement test		plumber 6 bits
Leak test		plumber 6 bits
Flushing / replacement of filters, pressure switch impulse tubes

Washing/replacing the strainer		plumber 6 bits
Flushing/Replacing Impulse Tubing differential pressure controller		plumber 6 bits
Venting the differential regulator pressure		plumber 6 bits
Flushing/replacing relay impulse tubes differential pressure		plumber 6 bits
Bleeding air from differential switch pressure		plumber 6 bits
Calibration/inspection of instrumentation

Removal and installation of manometers		plumber 6 bits
Gauge verification		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Checking temperature sensors		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Setting ACU parameters

Activation of ACU sensor readings		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Analysis of ACU sensor readings		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Correction of ACU parameters		Energy Engineer 2 cat.
Use of machines and mechanisms

Appendix 2

to the Regulations

EXTERNAL AND INTERIOR VIEW OF THE CONTROL BOARD

HARDWARE SPECIFICATION

The figure is not shown.

Appendix 3

to the Regulations

HYDRAULIC SCHEME OF AUTOMATED CONTROL UNIT

SYSTEMS OF CENTRAL HEATING OF A RESIDENTIAL HOUSE (AUU)

The figure is not shown.

Appendix 4

to the Regulations

TYPICAL SPECIFICATION OF AUTOMATED CONTROL UNIT

CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Name		Diameter, mm
Booster pump heating with VFD
Control valve for heating	By project bindings	By project bindings
electric drive			AMV25, AMV55 (determined project bindings)
Magnetic filter flanged with drain crane PN = 16	By project bindings	By project bindings
Pressure regulator "up to yourself" VFG-2 with reg. block AFA, AVA (set range) with impulse tube Ru = 2.5 MPa or Ru = 1.6	By project bindings	By project bindings	AVA, VFG-2 with reg. block A.F.A. (determined project bindings)
impulse tube
Ball valve with air outlet device	By project bindings	By project bindings
Steel ball valve flanged PN=16/PN=25	By project bindings	By project bindings
Cast iron check valve spring poppet PN = 16, type 802	By project bindings	By project bindings
Flexible rubber insert flanged PN = 16	By project bindings	By project bindings
Control rods for flexible insert	By project bindings	By project bindings
Pressure gauge Ru = 16 kgf / sq. cm
Thermometer 0-100 °C
Ball valve with air outlet device V 3000 V
Ball valve PN = 40, carving (down)	By project bindings	By project bindings
Ball valve PN = 40, thread (vent)	By project bindings	By project bindings
ECL301 controller

temperature sensor outside air
temperature sensor immersion L = 100 mm (copper)
Sleeve for ESMU sensor
Differential pressure switch RT262A
damper tube for differential pressure switch RT260A
Ball valve with air outlet device

We will help you understand the concepts associated with the control units of heating and hot water systems, as well as the conditions and methods for using these units. After all, the inaccuracy of terminology can lead to confusion in determining, for example, the permitted type of work when overhaul MKD.

The equipment of the control unit reduces the consumption of thermal energy to the standard level when it enters the MKD in an increased volume. The uniform terminology should correctly reflect the functional load that such equipment carries. So far, there is no desired unity. And misunderstandings arise, for example, when the replacement of an outdated assembly with a modern automated one is called the modernization of the assembly. In this case, the outdated node is not improved, that is, it is not upgraded, but simply replaced with a new one. Replacement and modernization is independent species works.

Let's figure out what it is - automated control unit.

What are the control units for heating and water supply systems

The control nodes of any type of energy or resource include equipment that directs this energy (or resource) to consumers and regulates its parameters if necessary. Even a collector in the house, which receives a coolant with the parameters necessary for the heating system and directs it to various branches of this system, can be attributed to the thermal energy management unit.

Elevator units and automated control units can be installed in MKDs connected to a heating network with high coolant parameters (water superheated up to 150 °C). DHW parameters can also be adjusted.

In the elevator unit, the coolant parameters (temperature and pressure) are reduced to the specified values, that is, one of the main control functions is carried out - regulation.

In the automated control unit, automatic feedback regulates the parameters of the heat carrier, providing the desired air temperature in the room, regardless of outdoor temperature air, and maintains the necessary pressure difference in the supply and return pipelines.

Automated control units for the heating system (AUU CO) can be of two types.

In ACU CO of the first type, the temperature of the coolant is brought to the specified values by mixing water from the supply and return pipelines using network pumps, without installing an elevator. The process is carried out automatically using feedback from a temperature sensor installed in the room. The coolant pressure is also automatically regulated.

Manufacturers give this type of automated nodes a wide variety of names: heat management node, weather regulation, weather control unit, weather control mixing unit, automated mixing unit, etc.

subtlety

Adjustment must be complete.

Some enterprises produce automated units that regulate only the temperature of the coolant. Lack of a pressure regulator can cause an accident.

AUU CO of the second type incorporates plate heat exchangers and forms independent system heating. Manufacturers often call them heat points. This is not true and causes confusion when placing orders.

In DHW systems of MKD, liquid thermostats (TRZh) can be installed, which regulate the temperature of the water, automated control units for the DHW system, which ensure the supply of water at a given temperature according to independent scheme.

As you can see, not only automated nodes can be attributed to control nodes. And the opinion that outdated elevator units and TRZh are incompatible with this concept is wrong.

The formation of an erroneous opinion was influenced by the wording in Part 2 of Art. 166 LC RF: "nodes for controlling and regulating the consumption of thermal energy, hot and cold water, gas." It cannot be called correct. Firstly, regulation is one of the functions of management, and this word should not have been used in the given context. Secondly, the word “consumption” can also be considered redundant: all the energy entering the node is consumed and measured by devices. At the same time, there is no information about the target to which the control node directs thermal energy. It can be said more specifically: the control unit for thermal energy consumed for heating (or for hot water supply).

By managing thermal energy, we ultimately manage heating or hot water systems. Therefore, we will use the terms "heating system control unit" and "DHW system control unit".

Automated nodes are new generation control nodes. They meet the most modern requirements for the subject of control of heating and hot water systems, and allow raising the technological level of these systems to the full automation of the processes of regulating the parameters of the temperature regime of air in rooms and water in hot water supply, as well as automation of heat consumption accounting.

Elevator nodes and TRZH, due to their design, cannot meet the above requirements. Therefore, we refer them to the control nodes of the previous (old) generation.

So, let's sum up the first results. There are four types of control units for heating and hot water systems. When choosing a control node, find out what type it is.

Can the names be trusted?

Manufacturers of control units based on mixing supply and return pipelines often refer to their products as weather regulators. This name absolutely does not reflect their properties and purpose.

The automated control unit does not regulate the weather. Depending on the outside temperature, it regulates the temperature of the coolant. In this way, the set air temperature is maintained in the room. But the same is done by automated units with heat exchangers and even elevator units (but with less accuracy).

Therefore, we will clarify the name: an automated unit (mixing type) for controlling the heating system. Then you can add its name assigned by the manufacturer.

Manufacturers of automated control units with heat exchangers usually refer to their products as heat substations (TPs). Let's turn to regulatory documents.

To verify the incorrect identification of automated nodes with TP, let's turn to SNiP 41-02-2003 and their updated version - SP 124.13330.2012.

SNiP 41-02-2003 "Heat Networks" considers a heating point as a separate room that meets special requirements, which houses a set of equipment for connecting consumers of thermal energy to the heating network and giving this energy the specified parameters for temperature and pressure.

In SP 124.13330.2012, a heating point is defined as a facility with a set of equipment that allows changing the thermal and hydraulic regime of the heat carrier, accounting for and regulating the consumption of thermal energy and heat carrier. This is a good definition of TP, to which the function of connecting equipment to the heating network should be added.

In the Rules for the technical operation of thermal power plants (hereinafter referred to as the Rules), TP is a complex of devices located in a separate room that provides connection to a heating network, control of heat distribution modes and regulation of coolant parameters.

In all cases, the TP links together the complex of equipment and the room in which it is located.

SNiP subdivide heating points into separate, attached to buildings and built into buildings. In MKD, TPs are usually built-in.

The heat point can be group and individual - serve one building or part of the building.

Now we formulate a correct definition.

An individual heating point (ITP) is a room in which a set of equipment is installed for connecting to a heating network and supplying consumers with an MKD or one of its parts of the coolant with regulation of its heat and hydraulic mode to give the parameters of the coolant a predetermined value for temperature and pressure.

AT this definition ITP the main importance is attached to the room in which the equipment is located. This is done, firstly, because such a definition is more consistent with the definition presented in SNiP and SP. Secondly, it warns of the incorrectness of using the concepts of ITP, TP, and the like to denote automated control units for heating and hot water systems manufactured at various enterprises.

Let us also specify the name of the control unit of the type in question: an automated unit (with heat exchangers) for controlling the heating system. Manufacturers may indicate their own product name.

How to qualify work with the control node

Certain works are associated with the use of automated control nodes:

installation of the control unit;
repair of the control unit;
replacement of the control unit with a similar one;
modernization of the control unit;
replacement of an outdated design unit with a new generation unit.

Let us clarify what meaning is invested in each of the listed works.

Installation of a control unit implies its absence and the need to install it in an MKD. Such a situation may arise, for example, when two or more houses are connected to one elevator unit (houses on a coupler) and it is necessary to install an elevator unit on each house in order to be able to separately account for the consumption of heat energy and increase responsibility for the operation of the entire heating system in each house. You can install any control node.

Control unit repair engineering systems ensures the elimination of physical wear and tear with the possibility of partial elimination of obsolescence.

Replacing a node with a similar one that does not have physical wear implies the same result as when repairing the node, and can be done instead of repair.

Modernization of the node means its renewal, improvement with the complete elimination of physical and partially obsolescence within the existing structure of the node. Both the direct improvement of an existing node, and its replacement with an improved node - these are all types of modernization. An example is the replacement of an elevator assembly with a similar assembly with an adjustable elevator nozzle.

Replacement of outdated design units with new generation units involves the installation of automated control units for heating and hot water systems instead of elevator units and TRZh. In this case, physical and moral deterioration is completely eliminated.

All of these are independent activities. This conclusion is confirmed by Part 2 of Art. 166 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, where, as an example of independent work, the installation of a thermal energy control unit is given.

Why you need to define the type of work

Why is it so important to attribute this or that work related to control nodes to a certain type of independent work? This is of fundamental importance when performing a selective overhaul. Such repairs are carried out from the funds of the capital repairs fund, formed from the mandatory contributions of the owners of the premises to the MKD.

The list of works on selective overhaul is given in Part 1 of Art. 166 ZhK RF. The above independent works are not included in it. However, in Part 2 of Art. 166 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation it is said that the subject of the Russian Federation can supplement this list with other works by the relevant law. At the same time, it becomes fundamentally important that the wording of the work included in the list corresponds to the nature of the planned use of the control unit. Simply put, if the node was to be upgraded, then the list should include work with exactly the same name.

Example

St. Petersburg has expanded the list of overhaul works

The law of St. Petersburg dated December 11, 2013 No. 690-120 “On the overhaul of common property in apartment buildings Petersburg” in 2016, the following independent work was included in the list of selective overhaul works: installation of control units and regulation of thermal energy, hot and cold water, electric energy, gas.

The wording is completely borrowed from the Housing Code of the Russian Federation with all the inaccuracies noted by us earlier. At the same time, it clearly indicates the possibility of installing a control and regulation unit for thermal energy, i.e. a control unit for the heating system and the hot water supply system, during selective overhauls carried out in accordance with this law.

The need to perform such independent work is due to the desire to disconnect the houses on the hitch, i.e. houses, the heating systems of which receive the coolant from one elevator unit, and install their own heating system control unit on each house.

The amendment made to the law of St. Petersburg allows you to install both a simple elevator unit and any automated unit for managing engineering systems. But it does not allow, for example, to replace the elevator unit with an automated control unit at the expense of the overhaul fund.

Important!

Automated mixing units, which do not include a pressure regulator, are not recommended for use in high-temperature heat supply networks. Automated control units for the DHW system should only be installed with heat exchangers that form closed system DHW.

findings

The control nodes include all nodes that direct the energy carrier to the heating or hot water system with the regulation of its parameters, from outdated elevators and TRZh to modern automated nodes.
Considering the proposals of manufacturers and suppliers of automated control units, it is necessary to beautiful names weather regulators and heating points to recognize which of the following types of units the proposed product belongs to:

automated mixing unit for heating system control;
an automated unit with heat exchangers for controlling a heating system or a hot water supply system.

After determining the type of automated unit, you should study in detail its purpose, technical characteristics, cost of the product and installation work, operating conditions, the frequency of repair and replacement of equipment, the amount of operating costs and other factors.

When deciding on the use of an automated control unit for engineering systems during a selective overhaul of an MKD, it is necessary to make sure that the selected type of independent work on the installation, repair, modernization or replacement of the control unit exactly corresponds to the name of the work included by the law of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation in the list of work on capital MKD repair. Otherwise, the selected type of work on the use of the control unit will not be paid at the expense of the capital repair fund.

The modern world can not do without innovative technologies for a long time. There is not a single technology or system in which revolutionary solutions have not been applied. The heating system is no exception. This is due to the fact that this is a rather significant technology, which is designed to provide a comfortable existence.

For obvious reasons, when designing a house, special attention is paid. Since ancient times, houses were built from the stove, that is, the stove was first built, and then it was overgrown with walls and ceiling. This was done for a reason, for this we need to say “thank you” to our climate.

Starting from middle lane our spacious country and ending with distant Sakhalin, most of the year is dominated by a rather uncomfortable temperature. The thermometer ranges from +30 to -50 degrees.

Due to the rather complex temperature resonance, the heating system is just as important as the electricity supply. Previously, a competent stove-maker who knew how to make the right stove was valued at the level of a blacksmith. After all, you need to correctly calculate the size of the furnace, the diameter of the chimney, besides, the furnace had to be multifunctional:

food was cooked in it;
she heated the room;
warmed up the water
served as a small bed.

That is why the construction of the furnace was a difficult and time-consuming task. She had to have enough thrust so that all the products of combustion did not enter the room. But with all this, it had to be economical.

Today, little has changed fundamentally. The main functions and requirements for the heating system remain the same:

saving;
maximum efficiency;
multifunctionality;
simplicity of design;
quality and durability;
minimal operating costs;
security.

Fire was the first source of heat for man. And even now its relevance has not lost its significance. The most primitive way of heating was to build a fire, which gave protection from predators, low temperatures served as a source of light.

Further, over time, humanity began to tame the gift of Hermes. Furnaces appeared, they were usually built of clay and stones. Later, with the progress of technology, ceramic bricks began to be used. And that's when the first ones appeared.

Steel furnaces appeared much later, they determined the formation of the steel age. The fuel for the stoves was coal, firewood, peat. With the gasification of cities, furnaces have become. And all this time, man sought to improve the heating system.

Structure

In order to define and compose the main functions and tasks, you will need to understand the structure and principle of operation of the heating system itself.

Closed heating systems are widely used. They usually consist of one or two closed loops. There are more complex systems. The composition of the heated house includes:

boiler;
boiler;
pipelines;
controls;
sensors and control relays;
backup heat sources.

Each node is responsible for its functions and all of them together form a heating system.

Knots

The boiler is the heart of the system. It converts either electrical energy or hydrocarbon fuel into thermal energy. It is in his competence to heat up the coolant in order to transfer heat through it to its destination.

There are boilers according to the fuel consumed:

Gas heating in the house

gas boilers;
boilers for liquid fuel (diesel fuel or kerosene).

Boilers must be installed in a well-ventilated area. When gas fuel, there must be a connection project, and it must be controlled by the sponsored gas service.

Boilers do not require a certain supply of flammable liquid for full operation. The most economical boiler is a gas boiler.

Boiler - performs the tasks of heating water, which gets into the taps and faucets through the plumbing. Since the main coolant circulates in closed system and is of poor quality recent times instead of water, antifreeze is used as a coolant, therefore, directly through the boiler warm water does not go. It is heated in a special tank, which is connected to the boiler.

Thus, pure water does not mix with process water in any way. Heating occurs through the walls of pipelines that encircle the internal contour of the tank. In the collection, this tank is the boiler.

Circulation pumps are designed to create a directed movement of the coolant through pipelines. The advent of pumps led to the emergence of an increasingly sophisticated heating system. Houses became multi-storey, there were more than one circuit, and the natural (convection) flow of water through pipelines became inefficient.

With the use of circulation pumps, the distribution of heat throughout the rooms has become much better, the diameter of the pipelines has significantly decreased. In addition, when using a warm floor with liquid heating, the installation of a circulation pump becomes vital.

Pipelines serve as overpasses for the fluid that transfers heat from the source to the consumer. They must withstand high temperatures up to 80 degrees, and at the same time must withstand the pressure created by the pumps. Their walls are required for a long time to create a minimum resistance to the current of the coolant, thereby saving on electricity. After all, pumps run on electricity.

Radiators close the technological process for space heating. They dissipate heat through it, which came from the boiler with the coolant.

The heating system must be backed up. In case of failure of the boiler, for the period of its repair or replacement, there must be a backup source of heat. It should prevent the cooling of the whole house.

Purpose of heating automation

Many manufacturers unanimously say that their automation allows you to save energy, whether it be gas, diesel fuel or electricity. This is a little different. Of course, there is a saving factor, but the system itself was designed primarily to maintain the microclimate in the house.

The principle of operation of the system depends on the ambient temperature and the temperature inside the room. Information on the lower and upper temperature limits is entered into the system in advance. In case of deviations, the automation decides to turn on or off the heat sources.

The control is carried out by thermometers. Data from these sensors enters the control unit, which analyzes many parameters. Modern automatic systems are able to regulate the daily air temperature.

Control and management is carried out for all nodes in the heating system. When the temperature in the room falls beyond the minimum limits, temperature sensors record this process.

According to the programmed program, the boiler is started, when the boiler is heated to the desired temperature, the circulation pump is turned on. After a short time, the entire heating system of the house is heated to operating temperatures and the heating field of the house, the system goes into either sleep mode or keep warm mode.
Any modern automation allows you to work:

Home systems management automation system

in manual mode;
in automatic mode;
in remote control mode.

With the first two modes of the system, everything is clear, but the remote mode is a revolutionary solution that has become available recently. When implementing GSM module, the exchange of information wirelessly became available. Now, thanks to the GSM channel, the following features have become available:

remote monitoring of the state of your home;
control of the heating system through mobile devices;
receiving signals from the system to you about the occurrence of emergencies.

Summary

Thanks to an automated system, living in a private house that is not connected to central system heating, it has become much more comfortable and safer. And thanks to remote monitoring and control, it became possible to leave the home unattended. In addition, automation will soon pay off due to energy savings.

Errors in the automatic node implementation process
Additional requirements when commissioning a heating control unit
Efficient use of an automated heating control unit

An automated control unit is a set of equipment and devices designed to provide automatic adjustment temperature and flow rate of the heat carrier, which is carried out at the inlet of each building in accordance with the temperature schedule required for a separate building. Adjustment can also be made according to the needs of the residents.

Knot of a binding of a water heater.

Among the advantages of ACU, when compared with elevator and heating units that have a fixed cross section of the through hole, is the possibility of varying the amount of coolant, which depends on the temperature of the water in the return and supply pipelines.

The automated control unit is usually installed alone for the entire building, which distinguishes it from the elevator unit, which is mounted on each section of the house.

In this case, the installation is carried out after the node, which takes into account the thermal energy of the system.

Image 1. Principal diagram of AHU with mixing pumps on the jumper for temperatures up to AHU t = 150-70 ˚C with one- and two-pipe heating systems with thermostats (P1 - P2 ≥ 12 m of water column).

The automated control unit is represented by a diagram illustrated in PICTURE 1. The diagram includes: an electronic unit (1), which is represented by a control panel; ambient temperature level sensor (2); temperature sensors in the coolant in the return and supply pipelines (3); flow control valve equipped with gear drive (4); differential pressure control valve (5); filter (6); circulation pump (7); check valve (8).

As the diagram shows, the control unit basically consists of 3 parts: network, circulation and electronic.

The network part of the ACU includes a coolant flow regulator valve with a gear drive, a differential pressure regulator valve with a spring regulating element and a filter.

The circulation part of the control unit includes a mixing pump with a check valve. A pair of pumps is used for mixing. In this case, pumps must be used that meet the requirements of the automatic unit: they must work alternately with a cycle of 6 hours. Control over their work should be carried out by the signal of the sensor, which is responsible for the pressure drop (the sensor is installed on the pumps).

Advantages and principle of operation of the automatic node

Heating and hot water control unit open circuit.

The electronic part of the control unit includes an electronic unit or the so-called control panel. It is designed to provide automatic control of pumping and thermal mechanical equipment to maintain the required temperature schedule. With its help, the hydraulic regime schedule is supported, which should underlie the heating system of the entire building.

The electronic part also contains an ECL card, which is intended for programming the controller, the latter is responsible for the thermal regime. There is also an outdoor temperature sensor in the system, which is installed on the northern facade of the building. Among other things, there are temperature sensors for the coolant itself in the return and supply pipelines.

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Control unit for heating and DHW according to an independent heating scheme and DHW according to a closed circuit.

Errors can occur even at the time of planning and subsequent organization of work on the implementation of the heating system. Certain mistakes are often made at the time of selection technical solution. You should not miss the rules for the construction of an individual heat point. Ultimately, at the time of installation of the heating control unit, duplication of the functionality of the equipment that is installed in the central heating center may occur, which, in turn, contradicts the rules for the operation of thermal installations. Thus, the installation of heating control units with a balancing valve can lead to high hydraulic resistance in the system, which will necessitate the replacement or reconstruction of thermal and mechanical equipment.

The non-complex installation of heating control units can also be called a mistake, which will certainly disrupt the established thermal and hydraulic balance in intra-quarter networks. This will cause deterioration of the heating system of almost every attached building. It is necessary to make thermal adjustment at the time of operation of the heating equipment.

Errors often occur during the input of the heating control unit at the design stage. This is due to the lack of work projects, the use standard project devoid of calculations, binding and selection of equipment to certain conditions. The result is a violation of heat supply regimes.

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Heating and hot water control unit according to an independent scheme.

The selected schemes for installing heating control units may not meet the requirements, which negatively affects the heat supply. It also happens that at the time the system is introduced, the technical conditions used do not correspond to the real parameters. This may lead to wrong choice node diagrams.

At the time of commissioning the automation unit, it should be taken into account that the heating system could have previously undergone major repairs and reconstruction, during which the scheme could have been changed from one-pipe to two-pipe. Problems can arise when the calculation of the node is made for the system that was before the reconstruction.

The system commissioning process should not be carried out in winter period so that the system starts up in a timely manner.

Scheme of an automated control unit for the heating system (AUU) at home.

It should be remembered that the air temperature sensors must be mounted on the north side, which is necessary for the correct setting of the temperature regime, in this case, solar radiation will not be able to affect the heating of the sensor.

During the input process, it must be ensured backup power node, which will help to avoid stopping the central heating system in the event of a power outage. It is necessary to make adjustments and commissioning work, as well as noise reduction measures, maintenance of the unit must take place. It should be noted that failure to follow one or more rules can lead to non-heating of the system, and the absence of dampening equipment will lead to uncomfortable noise.

The implementation of the control node should be accompanied by a check of issued specifications, they must correspond to the actual data. And technical supervision should be carried out at each stage of work. After all work on the system has been completed, maintenance of the node should begin, which is carried out by a specialized organization. Otherwise, downtime of expensive equipment of an automated unit or its unskilled maintenance can lead to failure and other negative consequences, including the loss of technical documentation.

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An example of a diagram of a control unit for heating and heat supply systems.

The use of the node will be most effective in cases where the house has subscribed elevator nodes of heating systems that are directly connected to the city's heating main networks. Such use will also be effective in the conditions of end houses linked to the central heating substation, where there are insufficient pressure drops in the central heating with the mandatory installation of central heating pumps.

Efficiency of use is also noted in houses that are equipped with gas water heaters and central heating, such buildings can also have decentralized hot water supply.

It is recommended to install automated nodes in a comprehensive manner, covering all non-residential and residential buildings that were connected to the central heating station. Installation and commissioning, as well as subsequent commissioning of the entire system and related equipment node must be performed simultaneously.

It should be noted that with the installation of an automated node, the following measures will be effective:

Implementation of the transfer of the central heating substation, which has a dependent connection scheme individual systems heating, on the one that will be independent. In this case, the installation of an expansion membrane tank at the heating point.
Installation in the conditions of central heating, which is characterized by a dependent scheme for connecting equipment, similar to an automated control unit.
Implementation of adjustment of intra-quarter central heating networks with the installation of throttle diaphragms and design nozzles at the inlet and distribution nodes.
Implementation of the transfer of dead-end HW systems to circulation schemes.

http://youtu.be/M9jHsTv2A0Q

The operation of exemplary automated units has shown that the use of ACU together with balancing valves, thermostatic valves and carrying out insulation measures can save up to 37% of thermal energy, providing comfortable living conditions in each of the premises.

1poteply.ru

Installation of automatic control units

Installation of an automated control unit (AUU) of the central heating system allows you to provide:

Monitoring the fulfillment of the required temperature schedule of both the supply and return heat carriers depending on the outdoor air temperature (prevention of overheating of the building);

Function coarse cleaning coolant supplied to the heating system;

From the foregoing, it follows that the main motivation for the use of ACU for a central heating system is, first of all, the technical need to ensure the operation of a modern energy-efficient heating system equipped with thermostats and balancing valves.

The use of temperature controllers and automatic balancing valves causes a significant difference between modern systems and previously used unregulated heating systems.

Variable hydraulic mode of operation of the heating system, associated with the dynamics of the operation of thermostatic valves.

Installation of automatic balancing valves on the risers of the central heating system

For stable operation of the heating system in all modes of operation (and not only under design conditions at -28? C), it is necessary to use automatic balancing valves.

Automatic balancing valves are designed primarily to create favorable hydraulic conditions for the efficient operation of thermostats.

Also automatic balancing valves provide:

Hydraulic balancing (linking) of individual rings of the heating system, i.e. evenly distribute the required (design) flow of the coolant along the risers of the heating system;

Separation of the heating system into hydraulic zones that do not affect the operation of each other;

Elimination of the phenomenon of excessive consumption of the coolant along the risers of the heating system;

Significant simplification of work on adjustment (reconfiguration) of the heating system;

They stabilize the dynamic mode of operation of the heating system due to the response of radiator thermostats to temperature changes inside the living space.

Installation of radiator thermostats on heating appliances

Individual quantitative regulation of thermal energy can be implemented using temperature controllers on heating appliances.

Radiator thermostats are means of individual control of the air temperature in heated rooms, maintaining it at a constant level, set by the consumer himself.

Thermostats allow:

Use the free amount of heat surpluses from people, household appliances, solar radiation, etc., directing them to the maximum for space heating and thereby saving thermal energy and funds for its payment;

Provide comfortable temperature indoors, providing the most comfortable living conditions;

Eliminate temperature control in the premises due to open vents, thereby preserving the thermal energy inside the premises as much as possible and reducing consumption hot water to the heating system.

With such integrated approach automation of the central heating system is achieved by:

Maximum heat savings;

High level comfort of living;

Interaction of all elements of the system;

Automated control unit (AUU)

Until now, an elevator unit for mixing the coolant was used at the entrance to the building. This elementary device is adapted only for heating systems in which the task of energy saving was not set.

The main fundamental distinguishing features of modern energy-saving systems are:

Increased hydraulic resistance of the heating system compared to old systems;

Variable hydraulic mode of operation of the heating system, associated with the dynamics of the operation of thermostatic valves;

Increased requirements for maintaining the calculated pressure drop.

As a result, the use of elevator units in such systems in any of their design becomes impossible, because:

The elevator is not able to overcome the increased hydraulic resistance of the heating system;

The presence of elevator units in the heating system with thermostatic valves leads to overheating of the risers during the warm period of the heating season and their cooling during a period of significant cooling;

The elevator, as a device with a constant mixing ratio, does not prevent the risk of overheating of the return heat carrier temperature that occurs when the thermostats are triggered, and ensure that the temperature graph is maintained.

The above technical disadvantages of using the elevator indicate the need to replace it with automated control units (ACU), which provide:

pumping circulation coolant in the heating system;

Monitoring the fulfillment of the required temperature schedule for both the supply and return heat carriers (prevention of overheating and hypothermia of buildings);

Maintaining a constant pressure drop at the entrance to the building, which ensures the operation of the heating system automation in the design mode;

The function of coarse cleaning of the coolant supplied to the system in operating mode and cleaning of the coolant when the system is filled;

Visual control of parameters of temperature, pressure and differential pressure of the coolant at the inlet and outlet of the AHU;

Possibility remote control coolant parameters and operating modes of the main equipment, including alarms.

From all of the above, it follows that the main motivation for the use of automated control units is, first of all, the technical need to ensure the operation of a modern energy-efficient heating system equipped with thermostats and other control devices.

The finished binding project, depending on the further ownership of the operation, is agreed upon in heat supply organization.

The automated control unit consists of:

Pump with variable frequency drive;

Shutoff valves (Ball Valves);

Control valves (valve with electric drive);

Hydraulic pressure regulators of direct action (differential pressure or "to itself");

pipe fittings(filters, check valves);

Instrumentation devices (pressure gauges, thermometers);

Outdoor and indoor air temperature sensors and differential pressure switch;

Control board with built-in controller.

Local regulation

High-quality local automatic control of the parameters of the coolant for the heating system can only be carried out if there is an electric circulation pump in its circuit.

For regulation, digital electronic controllers of the series are used. Based on the ratio of readings from the coolant and outside air temperature sensors, these controllers control motor control valves through which the coolant is supplied from the heat supply system.

AUM has a large range of actuators - globe valves and three-way control valves, which are driven by electric actuators.

Actuators differ in power and speed of movement of the stem, and the presence of a return spring that closes or opens the valve when the power fails. In order to stabilize the hydraulic regimes of external heating networks and to ensure the operation of actuators in the optimal pressure range, a differential pressure regulator is installed at the inlet to the building, or a pressure regulator “to itself” is installed on the return pipeline.

Automatic balancing valves

Automatic balancing valves of the type are installed on risers or horizontal branches of two-pipe heating systems in order to stabilize the pressure difference in them at the level required for optimal operation of automatic radiator thermostats. Used for major repairs apartment buildings Balancing valves for two-pipe heating systems are a constant differential pressure regulator, to the control membrane of which a positive pressure pulse is supplied from the supply riser of the heating system through the impulse tube and a negative pressure pulse from the return riser through the internal channels of the valve.

The impulse tube is connected to the supply riser through stop valve or shutoff valve. The balancing valve is reconfigurable. It can maintain a differential pressure between 0.05-0.25 or 0.2-0.4 bar.

The valve is adjusted to the pressure drop adopted in the project by rotating its spindle by a certain amount of turns from the closed position. The valve is also shut-off.

In addition, valves DN = 15–40 mm have a drain cock for draining the heating system riser.

Automatic balancing valves type AB-QM are installed on risers or horizontal branches of one-pipe heating systems in order to maintain a constant flow rate of the coolant in them.

Adjustment of balancing valves AB-QM is made by turning the ring intended for this purpose until the mark on it coincides with the number on the scale, which means the percentage (%) of the maximum flow rate according to the line of the table.

Radiator thermostats

Thermoregulators used in the overhaul of houses are a combination of two parts: a control valve of the RTD-N or RTD-G type and an automatic thermostatic element, usually an RTD.

The device and principle of operation of the thermostatic element

The thermocouple is the main automatic control device. Inside the thermoelement of the RTD type there is a closed corrugated container - a bellows, which is connected through the rod of the thermoelement to the spool of the control valve.

The bellows is filled with a gaseous substance that changes its state of aggregation under the influence of changes in the air temperature in the room. When the air temperature drops, the gas in the bellows begins to condense, the volume and pressure of the gaseous component decrease, the bellows expands (see design features in Fig. 3), moving the valve stem and spool towards the opening. The amount of water passing through heater increases, the air temperature rises. When the air temperature begins to exceed the set value, the liquid medium evaporates, the volume of gas and its pressure increase, the bellows is compressed, moving the stem with the spool towards the closing of the valve.

Radiator thermostatic valves for a two-pipe heating system

Valve RTD-N - valve of increased hydraulic resistance with pre-assembly setting of its limit bandwidth. Valves are used with a nominal diameter of 10 to 25 mm, straight and angle, nickel-plated.

Main technical characteristics of RTD-N valves:

Radiator thermostatic valves for a single-pipe heating system RTD-G is a low hydraulic resistance valve without a device to limit its throughput. Valves are used with a nominal diameter of 15 to 25 mm with a nickel-plated body. They also come in straight and angled versions.

The main technical characteristics of RTD-G valves are given below:

Installation and adjustment of automated heating systems

Automated heating systems do not require complex instrument adjustment. All adjustment of systems made in accordance with the project is as follows:

1. Setting the presettings for the valves of radiator thermostats to the values of the throughput calculated and specified in the project (setting indexes). Adjustment is made without the use of any tool by turning the adjusting crown until the digital index on it coincides with the mark drilled on the valve body. From outside interference, the setting is hidden under the thermostatic element installed on the valve.

2. Setting the automatic balancing valve ASV-PV in two-pipe system heating to the required differential pressure. When shipped from the factory, the ASV-PV is set to a differential pressure of 10 kPa. A hex wrench is used for adjustment. The valve must first be fully opened by turning its handle counterclockwise. Then the key is inserted into the stem hole and rotated clockwise until it stops, after which the key is again turned counterclockwise by the number of turns corresponding to the required adjustable pressure drop. So, to set the ASV-PV valve with a setting range of 0.05–0.25 bar to a pressure drop of 15 kPa, the key must be turned by 10 turns, and to set to 20 kPa - by 5 turns. 3. Setting the automatic balancing valve AB-QM in single pipe system heating for the estimated flow through the riser. Adjustment is made by manually turning the adjusting ring of the AB-QM valve until the flow value, expressed as a percentage (%) of the maximum flow through the valve of the accepted diameter, coincides with the red mark on the valve neck.

Setting the thermostat to the required temperature

In order for the thermostat to be ready for operation, a thermostatic head must be installed on it. All you need to do is set the desired heating level on the thermostatic head. After that, the thermostat will independently maintain the set temperature in the room, increasing or decreasing the flow of hot water through the heater. You can also install any intermediate value temperature.

Thus, you can set your own temperature in each room, regardless of the temperature in other rooms. For reliable and accurate operation, do not block the thermostat with furniture or curtains to ensure a constant flow of air.

The thermostat does not require maintenance, is not sensitive to the composition and temperature of the water, and its performance is not affected by a break in the heating season.

heatobmenniki64.ru

Automated control units for engineering systems: what you need to know when planning the overhaul of MKD

Let's figure out what it is - an automated control unit.

Development of communal infrastructure: measure seven times…

What are the control units for heating and water supply systems

Elevator units and automated control units can be installed in MKDs connected to a heating network with high coolant parameters (water superheated up to 150 °C). DHW parameters can also be adjusted.

In the elevator unit, the coolant parameters (temperature and pressure) are reduced to the specified values, that is, one of the main control functions is carried out - regulation.

In the automated control unit, feedback automation regulates the parameters of the heat carrier, providing the set air temperature in the room, regardless of the outside air temperature, and maintains the necessary pressure difference in the supply and return pipelines.

Automated control units for the heating system (AUU CO) can be of two types.

Manufacturers give this type of automated units a variety of names: heat control unit, weather control unit, weather control unit, weather control mixing unit, automated mixing unit, etc.

subtlety

Adjustment must be complete.

Some enterprises produce automated units that regulate only the temperature of the coolant. Lack of a pressure regulator can cause an accident.

AUU CO of the second type incorporates plate heat exchangers and forms an independent heating system. Manufacturers often call them heat points. This is not true and causes confusion when placing orders.

In DHW systems of MKD, liquid temperature controllers (TRZh) can be installed, which regulate the temperature of the water, automated control units for the DHW system, which ensure the supply of water at a given temperature according to an independent scheme.

As you can see, not only automated nodes can be attributed to control nodes. And the opinion that outdated elevator units and TRZh are incompatible with this concept is wrong.

The formation of an erroneous opinion was influenced by the wording in Part 2 of Art. 166 LC RF: "nodes for controlling and regulating the consumption of thermal energy, hot and cold water, gas." It cannot be called correct. Firstly, regulation is one of the functions of management, and this word should not have been used in the given context. Secondly, the word “consumption” can also be considered redundant: all the energy entering the node is consumed and measured by devices. At the same time, there is no information about the purpose to which the control unit directs thermal energy. It can be said more specifically: the control unit for thermal energy consumed for heating (or for hot water supply).

By managing thermal energy, we ultimately manage heating or hot water systems. Therefore, we will use the terms "heating system control unit" and "DHW system control unit".

Elevator nodes and TRZH, due to their design, cannot meet the above requirements. Therefore, we refer them to the control nodes of the previous (old) generation.

So, let's sum up the first results. There are four types of control units for heating and hot water systems. When choosing a control node, find out what type it is.

Repair work on the water supply using a "sprayed pipe"

Can the names be trusted?

Manufacturers of control units based on mixing supply and return pipelines often refer to their products as weather regulators. This name absolutely does not reflect their properties and purpose.

Therefore, we will clarify the name: an automated unit (mixing type) for controlling the heating system. Then you can add its name assigned by the manufacturer.

Manufacturers of automated control units with heat exchangers usually refer to their products as heat substations (TPs). Let's turn to the regulations.

To verify the incorrect identification of automated nodes with TP, we turn to SNiP 41-02-2003 and their updated version - SP 124.13330.2012.

In all cases, the TP links together the complex of equipment and the room in which it is located.

SNiP subdivide heating points into separate, attached to buildings and built into buildings. In MKD, TPs are usually built-in.

The heat point can be group and individual - serve one building or part of the building.

Now we formulate a correct definition.

An individual heating point (ITP) is a room in which a set of equipment is installed for connecting to a heating network and supplying consumers with an MKD or one of its parts of a coolant with regulation of its thermal and hydraulic regime to give the parameters of the coolant a given value for temperature and pressure.

In this definition of ITP, the main importance is given to the room in which the equipment is located. This is done, firstly, because such a definition is more consistent with the definition presented in SNiP and SP. Secondly, it warns of the incorrectness of using the concepts of ITP, TP, and the like to denote automated control units for heating and hot water systems manufactured at various enterprises.

On the situation in the sectors of heat supply, water supply and sanitation

How to qualify work with the control node

Certain works are associated with the use of automated control nodes:

installation of the control unit;
repair of the control unit;
replacement of the control unit with a similar one;
modernization of the control unit;
replacement of an outdated design unit with a new generation unit.

Let us clarify what meaning is invested in each of the listed works.

Repair of the engineering systems control unit ensures the elimination of physical wear and tear with the possibility of partial elimination of obsolescence.

Replacing a node with a similar one that does not have physical wear implies the same result as when repairing the node, and can be done instead of repair.

Why you need to define the type of work

St. Petersburg has expanded the list of overhaul works

In the law of St. Petersburg dated 11.12.2013 No. 690–120 “On the overhaul of common property in apartment buildings in St. Petersburg”, the following independent work was included in the list of works on selective overhaul in 2016: installation of control units and regulation of thermal energy, hot and cold water, electricity, gas.

Credit in the morning - overhaul in the MKD in the evening

Automated mixing units, which do not include a pressure regulator, are not recommended for use in high-temperature heat supply networks. Automated DHW control units should only be installed with heat exchangers forming a closed DHW system.

findings

The control nodes include all nodes that direct the energy carrier to the heating or hot water system with the regulation of its parameters, from outdated elevators and TRZh to modern automated nodes.
Considering the proposals of manufacturers and suppliers of automated control units, it is necessary, behind the beautiful names of weather regulators and heat points, to recognize which of the following types of units the proposed product belongs to:

automated mixing unit for heating system control;
an automated unit with heat exchangers for controlling a heating system or a hot water supply system.

After determining the type of automated unit, one should study in detail its purpose, technical characteristics, cost of the product and installation work, operating conditions, frequency of repair and replacement of equipment, operating costs and other factors.

When deciding on the use of an automated control unit for engineering systems during a selective overhaul of an MKD, it is necessary to make sure that the selected type of independent work on the installation, repair, modernization or replacement of the control unit exactly corresponds to the name of the work included by the law of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation in the list of work on capital MKD repair. Otherwise, the selected type of work on the use of the control unit will not be paid at the expense of the capital repair fund.

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Automated heating system control unit

Brief description of the device

The automated control unit of the heating system is a kind of individual heat point and is designed to control the parameters of the coolant in the heating system, depending on the outdoor temperature and the operating conditions of buildings.

The unit consists of a corrective pump, an electronic temperature controller that maintains a predetermined temperature schedule, and differential pressure and flow controllers. And structurally, these are pipeline blocks mounted on a metal support frame, including a pump, control valves, elements of electric drives and automation, instrumentation, filters, mud collectors.

In the automated heating system control unit, Danfoss control elements are installed, the pump is Grundfoss. The complete set of control units is made taking into account the recommendations of Danfoss specialists, who provide consulting services in the development of these units.

The node works as follows. When conditions occur when the temperature in the heating network exceeds the required one, the electronic controller turns on the pump, and it adds as much coolant from the return pipe to the heating system as necessary to maintain the set temperature. Hydraulic regulator water, in turn, is covered, reducing the supply network water.

The operating mode of the automated control unit for the heating system in winter is round-the-clock, the temperature is maintained in accordance with the temperature schedule with correction for the return water temperature.

At the request of the customer, a mode for reducing the temperature in heated rooms at night, on weekends and holidays which results in significant savings.

A decrease in the air temperature in residential buildings at night by 2-3°C does not worsen sanitary and hygienic conditions and at the same time saves 4-5%. In industrial and administrative-public buildings, heat savings by lowering the temperature during non-working hours is achieved to an even greater extent. The temperature during non-working hours can be maintained at the level of 10-12 °C. Total heat savings with automatic control can be up to 25% annual expense. AT summer period the automated node is not working.

The plant manufactures automated control units for the heating system, their installation, adjustment, warranty and service maintenance.

Energy saving is especially important, because. it is with the introduction of energy-efficient measures that the consumer achieves maximum savings.

Specifications heating radiators

We have years of experience and a detailed understanding of the specifics of working with heating networks, including during major repairs, which gives us the opportunity to do the work quickly, efficiently and on time.

As part of the city's energy saving program, the company is engaged in the design, installation and commissioning of automated control units (ACU), which provide thermal energy savings in the central heating system of houses. DKR of Moscow within the framework of the city energy saving program during major repairs recommends our company as an installer of automatic control units. When installing ACU, the company installs a prefabricated unit own production, which has a certificate of the State Standard of Russia, and we also use equipment of domestic and foreign production.

The equipment installed by us is located in all districts of Moscow. Our company performs a full range of works related to the design, manufacture, installation, commissioning and repair of thermal power facilities of any complexity.

To date, we have produced, installed and launched more than 1680 ACUs in Moscow and Moscow Region.

We are confident in the quality of our work and are ready, at your request, to arrange an excursion for you to any of our objects of your choice. You can also visit our production, meet with our specialists and you will have no doubts about the professionalism of the company.

Our facilities have been visited by high-ranking leaders of the city of Moscow more than once.

The mayor of Moscow, Sergei Sobyanin, examined two houses on Nakhimovsky Prospekt, which were undergoing major repairs. Sergei Sobyanin went down to the basement of the house, where he examined the automated central heating control unit manufactured by our company. He highly appreciated the quality of the equipment manufactured and its operation.

Our company works with 106 management companies in Moscow and the nearest suburbs. Currently, the company has more than 800 ACUs for servicing, and we are constantly working to conclude new contracts with the management company.

We design, assemble, manufacture, install, commission and we serve.

Automated Control Units of the Central Heating System (AUU CH)
Thermal Energy Metering Units (UUTE)
TsTP, ITP, BTP
Dispatch systems

LLC "SSK" has its own production base, which is equipped with all the necessary mechanisms for operation, special devices, measuring instruments.

The company has 24/7 emergency service and provides a full range of warranty and post-warranty work on equipment for the entire period of cooperation. We have all the relevant documentation and all permits, employees constantly undergo specialized training.

Given the well-coordinated work, a well-thought-out maintenance schedule and production capacity, we can serve up to 1000 objects every month.

Our advantages

More than 8 years in the market for the production and maintenance of AUU,
More than 800 ACUs for service in Moscow,
Service partner of Danfoss, Grundfos, Wilo,
We provide a 5-year warranty for Danfoss, Grundfos, Wilo products,
Own production base,
Certified production and products,
24/7 service and emergency team,
The minimum terms of installation, adjustment and repair of equipment,
We serve UUTE in Moscow (reading, repair, installation, verification).

Our company is interested in long-term and mutually beneficial cooperation and partnerships.

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Automated control units for engineering systems: what you need to know when planning the overhaul of MKD. Automated control unit (AUU)

What are the control units for heating and water supply systems

Adjustment must be complete.

Can the names be trusted?

How to qualify work with the control node

Why you need to define the type of work

St. Petersburg has expanded the list of overhaul works

findings

Structure

Knots

Purpose of heating automation

Summary

Advantages and principle of operation of the automatic node

Installation of automatic control units

Automated control unit (AUU)

Automatic balancing valves

Installation and adjustment of automated heating systems

Setting the thermostat to the required temperature

Automated control units for engineering systems: what you need to know when planning the overhaul of MKD

What are the control units for heating and water supply systems

Adjustment must be complete.

Can the names be trusted?

How to qualify work with the control node

Why you need to define the type of work

St. Petersburg has expanded the list of overhaul works

findings

Automated heating system control unit

Brief description of the device

What else to read

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