Irrigation system for a vegetable garden from a dropper. Installation of a system with tubes and built-in droppers

Providing water to plants and plantings is one of the concerns of homeowners. Someone waters vegetable beds, someone flower beds and lawns, and someone needs to provide water to the garden. In any case, the procedure takes a lot of time. But that's not all: with the usual way a crust is formed on the surface, which prevents plants from developing, so the soil has to be loosened. All these problems are solved by drip irrigation of plants. You can buy ready-made kits, order turnkey development and installation, or you can do everything yourself. Here's how to do drip irrigation independently and will be discussed in this article.

Principle of operation and varieties

This technology was tested several decades ago. Its results were so impressive that the system was widely adopted. The basic idea is that water is supplied to the roots of plants. There are two ways:

• poured onto the surface near the stem;
• is fed underground into the root formation zone.

The first method is easier to install, the second is more expensive: you need a special hose or drip tape for underground installation, a decent volume land works. For a temperate climate, there is not much difference - both methods work well. But in regions with very hot summers, it showed itself better underground laying: less water evaporates and more gets to the plants.

There are gravity-fed systems - they require a water tank installed at a height of at least 1.5 meters, there are systems with stable pressure. They have a pump and a control group - pressure gauges and valves that create the required force. There is completely. In the very simple version This is a valve with a timer that opens the water supply for a given period of time. More complex systems can separately control the flow rate for each of the water supply lines, testing the soil moisture and determining the weather. These systems operate under the guidance of processors, operating modes can be set from the control panel or computer.

Advantages and disadvantages

Drip irrigation has many advantages and all of them are significant:

• Significantly reduced labor intensity. The system can be fully automated, but even in the simplest version, irrigation requires literally a few minutes of your attention.
• Reduced water consumption. This happens due to the fact that moisture is supplied only under the roots, other zones are excluded.
• Eliminates the need for frequent loosening. With a dosed supply of water to a small area, a crust does not form on the soil, respectively, it does not need to be broken.
• Plants develop better, yield increases. Due to the fact that water is supplied to one zone, the root system develops in this place. It has more fine roots, becomes more lumpy, absorbs moisture faster. All this contributes rapid growth and more abundant fruiting.
• It is possible to organize root top dressing . Moreover, the consumption of fertilizers due to the point supply is also minimal.

The economic efficiency of drip irrigation systems has been proven repeatedly, even on an industrial scale. In private greenhouses and gardens, the effect will be no less significant: the cost of creating a system can be reduced to a small amount, and all the pluses will remain.

There are also disadvantages, but they are very few:

• For normal operation water filtration required, which is an additional cost. The system can function without filters, but then it is necessary to consider a purge / flush system to eliminate blockages.
• Droppers get clogged over time and need to be cleaned or replaced.
• If thin-walled belts are used, they can be damaged by birds, insects or rodents. There are places of unscheduled water consumption.
• The device requires an investment of time and money.
• Periodic maintenance required- blow out the pipes or clean the droppers, check the fastening of the hoses, change the filters.

As you can see, the list of shortcomings is rather big, but they are not very serious. It's really useful thing in the garden, in the garden, flowerbed or.

Components and layout options

Drip irrigation systems can be organized with any source of water. Suitable well, well, river, lake, centralized water supply, even rainwater in the tanks. The main thing is that there is enough water.

A main pipeline is connected to the source, which brings water to the irrigation site. Then it goes along one of the sides of the irrigated area, at the end it is muffled.

Opposite the beds, tees are inserted into the pipeline, to the side outlet of which drip hoses (pipes) or tapes are attached. They have special droppers through which water is supplied to the plants.

Between the outlet from the source and the first branch to the garden, it is desirable to install a filter or filter system. They are not needed if the system is powered by domestic plumbing. If you pump water from a lake, river, rainwater tank, filters are required: there can be a lot of pollution and the system will clog too often. Types of filters and their number is determined depending on the condition of the water.

Drip Hoses

Hoses for drip irrigation are sold in bays from 50 to 1000 meters. They already have water points built in: labyrinths through which water flows before entering the outlet. These oozing hoses provide the same amount of water throughout the line, regardless of terrain. Due to this labyrinth, the flow rate at any point of irrigation is almost the same.

They differ in the following characteristics:

• • Tube stiffness. Drip hoses - there are hard, there are soft. The soft ones are called tapes, the hard ones are called hoses. Hard ones can be used up to 10 seasons, soft ones - up to 3-4. Ribbons are:
    • Thin-walled - with a wall thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm. They are laid only on the surface, their service life is 1 season.
    • Thick-walled tapes have a wall of 0.31-0.81 mm, the service life is up to 3-4 seasons, they are available for both ground and underground laying.

Watering can be organized with tapes or hoses

The maximum length of the irrigation line is determined so that the unevenness of the water output at the beginning and at the end of the tape does not exceed 10-15%. For hoses, it can be 1500 meters, for tapes - 600 meters. For private use, such values ​​\u200b\u200bare not in demand, but it is useful to know)).

Droppers

Sometimes it is more convenient to use not tapes, but droppers. These are separate devices that are inserted into the hole in the hose and through which water is supplied under the root of the plant. They can be installed in arbitrary steps - put a few pieces in one place, and then a few in another. This is convenient when drip irrigation of shrubs or trees is organized.

There are two types - with a normalized (constant) and adjustable release of water. The body is usually plastic, on the one hand there is a fitting, which is inserted with force into the hole made in the hose (sometimes rubber rings are used for sealing).

There are also compensated droppers - and non-compensated ones. When using compensated at any point in the irrigation line, the water output will be the same (approximately), regardless of the terrain and location (at the beginning or at the end of the line).

There are also spider-type devices. This is when several thin tubes are connected to one outlet. This makes it possible to simultaneously water several plants from one water outlet (reduces the number of droppers).

Spider-type dripper - you can water several plants from one point of water distribution

Main pipes and fittings

When creating a system for laying the main pipeline from the water source to the irrigation zone, plastic pipes and fittings are used from:

• polypropylene (PPR);
• polyvinyl chloride (PVC);
• polyethylene:
  • high pressure (HPV);
  • low pressure (LPD).

All of these pipes tolerate contact with water well, do not corrode, are chemically neutral and do not react to fertilization. For watering a small greenhouse, garden, lawn, a diameter of 32 mm is most often used.

Main pipes are plastic. Specifically, choose any type: PPR, HDPE, PVD, PVC

Tees are installed at the outlets of the lines, to the side outlet of which a drip hose or tape is connected. Since they are smaller in diameter, adapters may be needed, and their outside diameter should be equal to the inner diameter of the hose (or slightly less). You can attach tapes / hoses to fittings using metal clamps.

Also, taps can be made through special fittings, which are installed in a hole of the required diameter made in the hose (as in the photo above).

Sometimes, after the tee, a tap is installed on each water distribution line, which allows you to turn off the lines. This is convenient if drip irrigation is diluted for moisture-loving plants and those that do not like excess water.

If you are reluctant to choose components and select sizes, fitting diameters, you can buy ready-made ones from various manufacturers.

Do-it-yourself drip irrigation: device examples

There are many options for the device of the system - it easily adapts to any conditions. Most often, the question arises of how to organize irrigation independent of electricity. This can be done if you install a sufficiently voluminous water tank at a height of at least 1.5 meters. This creates a minimum pressure of approximately 0.2 atm. Enough for watering small area vegetable garden or orchard.

Water can be supplied to the tank from the water supply, pumped up by a pump, drained from the roofs, even filled with buckets. A tap is made at the bottom of the tank, to which the main pipeline is connected. Further, the system is standard: a filter (or a cascade of filters) is installed on the pipeline before the first branch to the irrigation line, and then the wiring goes through the beds.

For the convenience of introducing fertilizers on the highway, it is possible to provide for the installation of a special unit. In the simplest case, this is, as in the photo above, it can be a container with legs, in the bottom of which a hole is made and a hose is inserted. A shut-off valve (faucet) is also needed. It cuts into the pipeline through a tee.

If necessary, you can water both shrubs and fruit trees. The whole difference lies in the fact that the tape or hose is laid around the barrel at some distance. One line is assigned to each tree, bushes can be watered several pieces on one line. Only in this case, you need to use a regular hose into which to insert droppers with necessary expense water.

If the low pressure in the system does not suit you, you can install it on the main water supply (see the photo below) or a full one. They will provide water even far located areas.

Can water be supplied directly from the source? It is possible, but not desirable. And this is not due to technical difficulties - there are not so many of them, but due to the fact that plants cold water do not like. That is why most small-scale drip irrigation systems - for greenhouses, vegetable gardens, orchards and vineyards - use storage tanks. In them, the water is heated, and then diluted around the site.

Drip irrigation: how to calculate the system

The capacity from which water is supplied to the system can be one - common, as in the picture above, or separate for each section. With a significant distance between the irrigation objects, this can be more profitable than pulling the main pipeline.

The required volume is calculated depending on the number of plants and the volume of water for their normal development. How much water is needed for watering vegetables depends on the climate and soils. On average, you can take 1 liter per plant, 5 liters per bush and 10 liters per tree. But this is the same as "average temperature in the hospital", although for indicative calculations fit. Count the number of plants, multiply by the consumption per day, sum everything up. To the resulting figure, add 20-25% of the stock and you know the required volume of capacity.

There are no problems with calculating the length of the line and drip hoses. The main is the distance from the tap on the tank to the ground, then along the ground to the place of irrigation, and then along the end side of the beds. Adding all these lengths, the required length of the main pipeline is obtained. The length of the tubes depends on the length of the beds and on whether water will be distributed from one tube to one or two rows (for example, using spider droppers, you can dilute water for two to four rows at the same time).

By the number of tubes, the number of tees or fittings and taps (if you install them) is determined. For each branch using tees, we take three clamps: press the hose against the fitting.

The most complex and expensive part is the filters. If water is pumped from an open source - a lake or a river - a coarse filter is needed first - gravel. Then there should be fine filters. Their type and quantity depend on the state of the water. When using water from a well or a well, a coarse filter can be omitted: primary filtration occurs on the suction hose (if used). In general, there are so many cases, so many solutions, but filters are needed, otherwise the droppers will quickly clog.

Homemade drip hoses and drippers

One of the largest cost items for independent device systems from ready-made components - droppers or drip tapes. They, of course, provide the supply of the same amount of water throughout and the flow is stable, but in small areas this is not so necessary. It is possible to regulate the supply and flow with taps built into the beginning of the irrigation line. Therefore, there are many ideas that allow you to distribute water under plants using ordinary hoses. See one of them in the video.

It is difficult to call this system drip irrigation. It is rather root watering: water is brought under the root in a trickle, but it works, maybe only a little worse and is more suitable for plants with a root system developed in depth. This method will be good for trees, fruit bushes, grapes. They require a significant amount of water, which must go deep into a decent distance, and this homemade drip irrigation system can provide this.

In the second video, really drip irrigation is organized. This was done with the help of medical droppers. If you have the opportunity to stock up on such used material, it will turn out to be very cheap.

The amount of water supplied is regulated by a wheel. From one hose, you can supply water to three and four rows - if you take a hose of sufficient diameter, you can connect not three devices to it, but more. The length of the dropper tubes makes it possible to water two rows on each side. So the costs will be really small.

Droppers can be used almost without altering. This is if the system was with a bag. An example is in the photo.

Waste into income - watering for young plants is provided

You can almost also do drip irrigation for houseplants. It is suitable for those flowers that like constant moisture.

Constantly moisturizing your flowers on the balcony? Easily! Watering from a drip

The cheapest drip irrigation: from plastic bottles

There is the cheapest and fast way organize the supply of water to plants without hoses and large containers. You will only need plastic bottles and small lengths - 10-15 cm each - thin tubes.

Cut off the bottom of the bottles. So that a cover is obtained from the bottom. So the water will not evaporate. But you can cut off the bottom and completely. At a distance of 7-8 cm from the cap in the bottle, make a hole into which a thin tube is inserted at a slight angle. Dig the bottle with the cork down or tie it to the peg, and stick the peg into the ground next to the plant, pointing the tube to the root. If there is water in the bottle, it will run down the tube and drip under the plant.

The same design can be done by turning the bottle upside down. But this option is less convenient: it is more difficult to fill in water, you will need a watering can. How it looks like, see the picture below.

As you can see, there is a second option for drip irrigation from plastic bottles. A wire is stretched over the bed, bottles are tied to it in the bottom or lid of which holes are made.

There is another photo option for using bottles, but with standard drippers for irrigation. They are fixed on the neck of the bottles and in this form are installed under the bush.

This option, of course, is not ideal, but it will enable plants to develop better if you can rarely visit the country house. And two liters from a bottle can be decisive in the battle for the harvest.

Today, the most popular irrigation option on suburban area is drip irrigation. Water gets directly under the roots of plants, so this system saves on consumption. water resource, facilitate the labor-intensive process of watering and increase productivity. This irrigation option can be purchased as a ready-made kit or made independently. Do-it-yourself drip irrigation for summer cottages at no cost: do-it-yourself system from improvised materials.

Drip irrigation is a system of regular and uniform moisture supply to the root system of plants, which helps to moisten the soil directly under the plantation. This type of irrigation saves a lot of water. The soil does not become excessively waterlogged and does not become waterlogged between rows, as is the case with other water supply options. This contributes to the active supply of oxygen to the root system, which has a beneficial effect on plant growth, thereby increasing productivity.

The drip irrigation system reduces the labor intensity of caring for green crops. And with an automated process, you can leave the site unattended for several days without worrying that the plants will be left without water.

The set can be very varied. But any system includes main pipelines for the supply and distribution of water and branch branches that supply water directly to the root system of each green space. The system is connected to a centralized water supply, storage tank (gravity version) or to pumping station. It can be equipped with automation, sometimes it is controlled manually. Depending on these criteria, components of the system are selected.

Components of the irrigation system and their characteristics

The main element of the system is the source of water supply. It can be represented by a water pipe, a well or a water meter, which is installed at a height of at least 1.5 m. Next required element- a filter for drip irrigation with your own hands, thanks to which the system will not be clogged with various small debris.

The device can be vortex, disk or mesh. The latter option is considered more popular due to its low cost. The vortex filter is used for irrigation systems of large areas. The disc element is characterized by excellent performance and high cost, which is not at all justified for small summer cottages.

If the source of water supply is a well or a well, the system must be equipped with a pumping unit. The most appropriate option is the centrifugal type of device. Distribution network do-it-yourself drip irrigation consists of pipelines and hoses. For the main backbone network, metal or plastic pipes can be used. Metal products are durable, reliable and durable. However, the material is subject to corrosion, which will result in damage to the system.

Polyethylene or polypropylene pipelines are a more acceptable option. Products are characterized by strength, a smooth inner wall, which eliminates the possibility of deposits inside the system. Plastic pipes are able to withstand temperature fluctuations and negative impacts aggressive substances.

Do-it-yourself drip tapes for an irrigation system

To organize taps to each row, drip tapes in the form of a flat thin-walled tube are mainly used when arranging an irrigation system with their own hands, which has built-in special devices for water supply. The tape is designed for pressure up to 1 bar. When it is increased, the product may break. Maximum length tape is 100 m.

You can buy drip tape slotted or emitter. In the first version, a labyrinth is located along the entire length of the product, which distributes water evenly. At certain distances, holes are made in it for the release of water. This type the tape is prone to clogging, so it requires the installation of a good filter.

Inside the emitter tape there are flat droppers equipped with a labyrinth system, thanks to which water is supplied to the plants. Emitters can be located at different distances in the range of 10-35 cm, which is determined by the type of crops being irrigated. The less given value the higher the cost of the product. The emitter tape is more reliable than the slotted tape, and this is reflected in the cost of the product.

When choosing a tape, you should pay attention to its thickness, which affects the strength and durability of the product. The thinnest element will last no more than one season and is suitable exclusively for greenhouses.

Features of using drip tubes with external droppers

The drip tube is made of HDPE, it is rigid and durable. It is produced without holes and is intended for self-assembly external droppers. The wall thickness of the product is 0.9-1.2 mm. The material is UV resistant. The drip tube is capable of withstanding pressures up to 6 bar.

External droppers are used when organizing drip irrigation in the country individually for each plant. To provide normal work system, it is necessary to have a high pressure in the network. These devices can be connected through thin hoses or connected directly to the drip pipe.

There are several types of external droppers. Compensated ones are used for uniform irrigation with a very long drip tape, as well as in areas with a slope. They work exclusively from a pressure system. Less prone to pollution by fine debris. Uncompensated devices are used for short lengths drip pipe and on flat areas. This option is used for gravity systems from the tank. They can operate at low network pressure. There are also dropper pegs that are used for spot irrigation. The product is installed in the root zone of planting.

Useful advice! For drip irrigation of tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants and peppers, it is advisable to use drip tubes with external droppers.

The advantage of such pipes is that you can independently choose the installation step and adjust the volume of water produced. The disadvantages include high price products (in comparison with drip tapes), labor-intensive and lengthy process of cleaning droppers.

How to choose the right timers for drip irrigation

When arranging drip irrigation, you should set a timer. It performs the following functions:

• controls the irrigation system;
• controls the operation of the pump motor;
• starts and stops the water supply;
• ensures the operation of several lines at the same time.

The timer is battery operated. When they change, all programs on it are saved. The device may be equipped with the . There are mechanical and electronic timers. The first option works on a spring, providing continuous watering up to 24 hours. Mode adjustment is made manually. Any action cannot be programmed for an indefinite time. Such a device can be used for small areas where the irrigation process is constantly controlled by the owner.

The electronic timer allows you to program the process. The device has mechanical or software control. The first option is set for one week with a watering duration of no more than 2 hours. An innovative device is a software-controlled timer with 16 commands. With it, you can irrigate crops that have different irrigation regimes. The equipment is equipped with an air humidity sensor. Such an expensive option (in comparison with other devices) is recommended to be installed for irrigation of large areas, as well as in greenhouses.

If the system is connected to a centralized water conduit or pump, you should choose a device with a solenoid valve, and for gravity watering from a barrel - with a ball valve.

How to make drip irrigation with your own hands from plastic pipes and hoses

When arranging a drip irrigation system from ready-made components, it is necessary to opt exclusively for high-quality products so that it lasts long years And cash were not wasted. The irrigation scheme should be fairly simple, with a minimum number of connectors. At the junction of the elements, the pressure weakens, which contributes to the accumulation of small particles of debris.

The installation of the system is preceded by the creation of a layout of all its constituent elements, and this, in turn, depends on the layout of the site and the location of the beds. The diagram should indicate the source of water supply, main pipe and outlet hoses so that you can calculate the amount necessary materials. As a source of water supply for drip irrigation, it is better to use plastic barrel. This material does not corrode, which will not only increase the service life of the product, but also eliminate the possibility of clogging the system with rust particles.

A main pipeline is connected to the water supply source, which can be made of metal or plastic. The preferred option is to install polypropylene pipes drip irrigation with your own hands. The main branch is located perpendicular to the beds and has a larger diameter than the outlet pipelines. All elements of drip irrigation with their own hands from plastic pipes are connected by compression fittings. After the shut-off valve of the water supply source, a coarse filter is installed on the main line.

If drip tapes are used as outlet pipelines, then holes are drilled in the line for their fastening with the help of starting fittings. The hoses are located as close as possible to the row with the plants. A cap is installed at the end of each tape. Next, the system is tested for operability.

If an underground variant of laying the system is planned, it is necessary to dig a trench 30-70 cm deep under the pipelines. It is necessary to fill the bottom with a layer of crushed stone and lay the mounted system. Next, it is tested, after which it is backfilled with soil. You can study the installation process in detail on the video of drip irrigation in the country.

Important! Drip irrigation pipes laid underground are highly susceptible to clogging.

Drip irrigation from plastic bottles: features of the irrigation option

From plastic bottles and canisters you can make not only decorative elements to beautify the area. Of these, a full-fledged drip irrigation system is organized at their summer cottage, which makes it possible to ensure soil moisture for 3-4 days.

Based on numerous reviews, it is advisable to make drip irrigation from plastic bottles from containers up to 2.5 liters. Soil water saturation depends on the type of soil, this determines the number of holes in the container, due to which sufficient moisture will be ensured, which will eliminate the possibility of overfilling or underfilling. For example, sandy soils absorb moisture well. In this case, 1-2 holes in the bottle will be enough, and for heavy soils, more of them should be provided. Bottles with a capacity of 1 liter drip irrigation of cucumbers and tomatoes is provided for 4-5 days, 3 liters - 10 days, 6 liters - for 14-15 days.

Drip irrigation using plastic containers is advisable to organize in small areas. For vast territories, it will take too much effort and time to refill the container with water.

Useful advice! The plastic system can be used to feed and fertilize various crops.

The main advantages of creating drip irrigation from plastic containers:

• significant water savings;
• minimum financial costs for the organization of the system;
• individual approach to each green space;
• simple installation, operation and maintenance;
• targeted supply of moisture and nutrition.

Related article:

The choice of pipe material for the organization of watering and irrigation. Key points of installing the system with your own hands.

Among the shortcomings of the system, the following positions can be distinguished:

• frequent clogging of the system due to the inability to install a filter;
• unaesthetic appearance site;
• constant replenishment of water supply manually;
• on hot days of a hot summer, the plastic system may not be able to cope with the full water supply of plants.

Useful advice! You can create a filter for each bottle by using nylon tights.

Ways to organize drip irrigation from plastic bottles with your own hands

There are several ways to create drip irrigation from plastic containers. The system can carry out surface and subsoil irrigation.

Underground homemade drip irrigation of the roots using plastic bottles can be done in several ways. The most popular option is to dig in containers between adjacent bushes to a depth of 10-15 cm, bottom down. Along the entire bottle, before it begins to narrow to the neck, it should be made with a gypsy needle or awl holes, stepping back 3 cm from the bottom of the container. The number of holes on average is 10-12 pcs. for containers in 2 l. A container wrapped in a thin cloth is dug into a previously prepared hole, filled with water and closed with a lid.

The container, as it is emptied, which occurs under the pressure of the earth, can be deformed. To avoid this, a pressure equalization hole should be pierced in the lid, and water supplies should be replenished in a timely manner.

Another similar option is the location of the container with the lid down. For this method, it is necessary to cut off the bottom of the bottle and screw the cap onto the neck. Holes are made over the entire area of ​​the container, not reaching the top by 2-3 cm. The bottle, previously wrapped with gauze, is placed in the hole and filled with water. To prevent debris from falling into the water, the container is covered from above with a previously cut bottom.

Do-it-yourself subsoil drip irrigation for summer cottages can be organized using special elongated nozzles with holes. They can be bought in specialized stores for summer residents and gardeners. The nozzle is screwed onto the neck of the container instead of the lid. In this case, bottles up to 2.5 liters should be used, since there are no such devices for containers of 5-6 liters. The bottle neck down is inserted into the ground to the depth of the nozzle. The bottom of the container can not be cut off. After emptying the container, the tip is unscrewed, it is filled with water, and the manipulation is repeated.

Do-it-yourself root and surface drip irrigation from bottles

With the help of plastic containers, it is possible to carry out basal drip irrigation of the garden by directing drops of water directly under the root of each plant. For this method it is better to choose a container with a volume of 1.5 liters. A hole is made in the central part of the lid with a nail. Next, cut the bottom of the bottle at an angle of 30-40 degrees. The container itself will be located under the same slope relative to the ground. The container is fixed with a few sticks and tape as close to the bush as possible, tilting the neck in such a way as to ensure that water enters directly under the rhizome.

Another option, which is often used in a greenhouse, involves watering the plant at some distance. To do this, take a small container and a regular rod ballpoint pen, previously cleaned of the remnants of the paste with gasoline or thinner. One end of it is tightly closed with a toothpick or a match. The other is inserted into the opening of the bottle. The junction is best sealed with plasticine.

From plastic bottles can be basal and superficial

It is necessary to make holes in the rod, the number and size of which will depend on the required moisture intensity. It goes under the root of the plant, depending on which the bottle is dug into the ground to the desired depth. The container is filled with water and closed with a lid.

For a small area, you can make suspension system. To do this, a support is constructed above the bushes, a metal rod or wire is stretched, to which the bottles will be hung. A number of small holes should be made in the bottom or lid of the container, depending on the variant of its location. The main advantage of this method is that the water to the plant will be warm due to the fact that it is heated by the sun.

The container is hung over the bed at a height of 30-50 cm from ground level. The location of the bottle should be chosen based on the optimal fall of drops under the plant, and not on its leaves.

Useful advice! Do not immediately make a lot of holes. They can be added as needed to increase water intake.

Do-it-yourself drip irrigation to give at no cost: do it yourself from medical droppers

Another economical option is the installation of a drip irrigation system from medical droppers. It is rational to arrange it in areas with different varieties of crops, which should be watered in different quantities. This procedure becomes possible due to the fact that the droppers are equipped with special control wheels that allow you to choose required intensity fluid intake. The disadvantage of such a system is the rapid clogging of droppers, which requires periodic flushing.

To create a drip irrigation system with your own hands, you should prepare:

• medical disposable droppers;
• hoses for distribution to the beds of water;
• connecting and stop valves for drippers and hoses.

Useful advice! All components are recommended to choose a dark color, which will prevent the blooming of water in the system.

Before installing such a device, a drip irrigation scheme should be displayed on a piece of paper, which is performed based on the location of the beds where irrigation should be provided. Based on this, surface wiring of the supply pipes is carried out on the site. To do this, you can use polyethylene or rubber products. The connection of all elements is carried out using tees. A plug must be installed at the end of each hose.

The system can be connected from a centralized water supply or from storage capacity located at some height. Also in this case, you can create by installing a timer or controller at the beginning of the system. A hole is made in the distribution pipes opposite each plant, where the plastic end of the dropper is inserted. Tubes of elements are bred under each bush.

Useful advice! In order for the drip irrigation system from medical droppers to last as long as possible, a fine filter should be installed at the very beginning (after the water supply source).

Overview of ready-made drip irrigation systems, their characteristics

The drip irrigation system "Beetle" from a domestic manufacturer is one of the most popular among gardeners. It can be connected to a centralized water supply or to a storage tank. In the case of using the latter option, the kit includes a level tube, through which you can control the amount of water remaining in the barrel. Manufacturers produce "Zhuk" drip irrigation systems for 60 plants and 30 plantations. Usually the device is equipped with a timer and a filter. You can additionally buy drip irrigation "Beetle", designed for 20 plants.

Irrigation kits "Drop" are equipped with emitter tapes with a dropper pitch of 0.3 m. Due to the complex labyrinth of channels inside the dropper, the possibility of its clogging is excluded. The system is designed for an area of ​​25 m2. It can be connected both to the water supply and to the storage tank. The controller is not included in the set.

A more reliable analogue of the Zhuk irrigation system is the Water Strider model, which is designed for drip irrigation of small greenhouses. The set consists of a 12 m hose, a controller, 40 drippers and connecting elements. The system is organized for irrigation exclusively from the tank, since the operating pressure in the network should not exceed 1 bar. The barrel is most often located at a height of 50 m.

The Belarusian drip irrigation system "Akvadusia" has several varieties suitable for watering the area different sizes. It can be equipped with a controller or without it, connected to a water supply or storage tank.

Drip irrigation "Harvest" -1 is also produced with emitter tapes of great length. The system can be additionally equipped with a filter and automation. Another budget option is the Tomato drip irrigation system with drip tubes, external droppers and a timer. The kit also includes special splitters that facilitate the installation of the system. The most expensive model includes a controller and a submersible pump.

The Istok irrigation system includes a 25 m drip tube with a spacing of 30 cm between the droppers. The device is equipped with a filter and fittings necessary for connecting to a storage tank. Some models are equipped with a controller and a pump.

Today you can buy a drip irrigation system, which includes all possible elements. But such a solution requires significant financial costs. A more economical option is to create such a mechanism from ready-made components. In addition, you can make yourself an irrigation system from improvised materials, such as plastic bottles and medical droppers. The choice depends on the nature of the territory, its area, the number and type of green spaces, personal preferences and the financial capacity of the owner.

Do-it-yourself drip irrigation in the country: video plot

How do you water your yard? Do you put water containers, warm it up and only then use a watering can or a hose to water vegetables and berries or install drip irrigation for a greenhouse from a barrel? It should be noted that in the first case, the usefulness of irrigation is minimal, It all depends on the composition of the soil.. And with drip irrigation, you take into account only the composition of the soil and the type of crop (you can create your own irrigation scheme for each plant!), But huge water savings.

Conveniently - the system works by itself, the paths between the beds are absolutely dry, you do not need to drag hundreds of liters of water at a time. When correct installed system drip irrigation, you can simultaneously supply plants with useful trace elements - dissolve in a barrel of water the right top dressing, now with the water the plants will get everything they need.

Modern systems that provide automatic drip irrigation for plants are commercially available. You can work a little yourself and make the same from improvised materials convenient system You will find the diagram at the end of the article.

Domestic drip irrigation systems

For irrigation of plants in greenhouses and open field you are offered new developments of drip irrigation systems "Beetle", "Dusya", "Drop", "WaterLey". These are developments of domestic production.

It is most difficult to water plants indoors. For watering the lawn and plants in the beds are installed everywhere simple systems automatic watering from rotary mechanisms, water supply regulators and timers. Such systems are installed on the site at the very beginning of construction, while work on the formation of landscape design has not yet been carried out.

To install drip irrigation of plants, such global work is not necessary. The simplest drip irrigation for a greenhouse from a barrel involves Availability large capacity from warm water , the required amount of supply hose with micro hoses and micro droppers. Due to the fact that water penetrates into the soil drop by drop, soil moistening is achieved to a depth of about half a meter, this cannot be done from a watering can. Nutrients for each specific plant variety can be dissolved in water.

Which system to choose

The drip irrigation system for each type of plant may be the same, but the supply water will contain only needed by plants bait. You no longer need to bypass the plants in the beds with a small watering can and lift the bushes to get exactly to the roots. Groundbait is useful for plants, but can leave burns on stems and foliage, and therefore watered with such compositions carefully and carefully, only in cloudy weather or in the evening, after sunset. Your new system can work during the day, it is absolutely safe for plants and reliable.

The only strict condition the presence of a filter, microdroppers can quickly become clogged, bait particles can also settle on the walls of the micro hoses, making them impassable to water. All systems of such convenient drip irrigation are divided into two types:

• Manual. The watering tank is filled in the morning for warming up. In the evening, the tap for supplying water to the water system simply opens.
• semi-automatic. You will fill the container yourself, then the automation works according to a given program. Such systems are convenient for areas with a well or well.

The history of the creation of drip irrigation systems tells that they were produced and developed for regions with a shortage of water. Only after feedback from grateful users was received, such systems began to be used everywhere.

Today, almost every owner has a ready-made drip irrigation device in a greenhouse. And if you do not find a system that can fully satisfy you, then it is not at all difficult to make drip irrigation in a greenhouse with your own hands. Just imagine that the yield of tomatoes in greenhouses with such equipment doubles! The soil is sufficiently moistened, salt deposits do not form on the soil surface, the appearance of plants improves.

Almost all drip irrigation systems for plants use drip-impulse circuit. Such designs are convenient for small greenhouses, we will assume that an area of ​​36 sq m is optimal. However, even for huge greenhouses, individual systems irrigation based on drip irrigation of plants.

Local-impulse irrigation system allows you to direct the right amount of water to root system plants. An impenetrable dry crust does not form on the soil, the soil structure remains intact, evaporation from the soil surface is minimal. Moisture does not get on the leaves, which does not cause burns and drying out of plants.

Design of drip irrigation systems for plants

Why install drip irrigation in a greenhouse? The answer is clear even to a novice gardener. Purchase a hose, micro hoses and micro droppers and install such a design in your greenhouse. Analog - ready system glaze "Dusya", directing water to the root system of each individual plant . A rather extensive moistened zone is formed around the root system, there is no cone knocked out by water.

This is how drip irrigation of tomatoes works in a greenhouse: the plant gets enough moisture, the root system is not destroyed, on the leaves of plants are not formed dark spots late blight.

Pay attention to how the drip irrigation device is arranged in the greenhouse:

• Water intake from a source - a well, a well, a reservoir.
• filtering system.
• drip lines.

The basis of the system is precisely the drip line. Which base to choose tubing or drip tape- you decide. Droppers can be inserted into tubes or tapes, or installed externally. External droppers are compensated and uncompensated, their water consumption is different, they are adjusted and regulated manually. There are also "push-button" smallest droppers.

All these systems are non-separable, you will not be able to clean them mechanically, which is why an inlet filter to the device is needed. Only modern droppers have a "self-cleaning" mode.

You can buy hoses ("ribbons") made of thermal polyethylene with built-in microscopic watering holes. However, it should be noted right away that such systems do not last very long, therefore they are considered unprofitable, although their price suits buyers.

Drip irrigation, Aqua Dusya

A few words about the "Dusya" drip irrigation system. To date, manufacturers offer buyers:

• Without automation. Can be connected to a barrel usually installed above ground level. One barrel can irrigate up to sixty plants. Each drip dispenses about three liters of water every hour. The system must be turned on and off manually.
• semi-automatic. You need to fill the barrels once a week, everything else happens automatically.
• Machine. It is installed on the site at the beginning of the season and there is no need to follow it in the future.

The system works with the help of a controller - a device the size of a palm. System at night pumps water from the water supply. During the day, the water warms up, then watering is turned on. Controls the on/off of the photocell system.

Homemade drip irrigation system

How to make with your own hands the same or similar ready-made drip irrigation system for plants? The container from which water will be supplied must be installed at a height. With a line diameter of 0.2 mm, the pressure should be about 0.2 atmospheres.

On the drawing of the future system, indicate how the micro-hoses will be located, calculate how many rows you will need and how many droppers in each row. Decide where the barrel will stand, install a filter at the outlet (only with it your system will work for a long time!).

Tools and material for work:

You can take any hose, an ordinary garden hose with a diameter of no more than 1.5 mm is also suitable. Necessary cut the hose into equal length pieces. Micro fittings, elbows, crosses, plugs, tees or plungers can be used to connect pieces of hose.

Water from one such external dropper can go in several directions. Just do not punch holes in the hose with nails. For mounting droppers, an awl or a hole punch is used. When inserting the dropper into the hose, you need to make an effort, a loose dropper will fall out during operation.

Too soft or too hard hoses will not be able to hold the drip. Instead of droppers, you can use microtubes with tips that supply water to 2-3 plants. Water enters the hose by gravity. Check how your finished irrigation system works, and now just regularly check how much water is in the barrel and clean the filter.

Drip irrigation was invented by agrotechnicians a long time ago and they began to use it in arid regions, where there is little rain and continuous water savings. Moreover, if you do everything correctly, you will be able to get a very good and high yield. These days it's completely automated system on poor soils.

Due to the fact that such irrigation is very expensive, not every gardener can afford to buy and assemble the installation of such a system. Although every summer resident dreams of having this wonderful design on his site, which will replace watering from a hose or watering can, that is, it will make work easier. And also who has water meters - to save on this.

Therefore, there is a good way out of this current situation, to make such a system with your own hands. After all, it is not at all difficult to mount it, and the work will cost much cheaper than in industrial designs. And she will cope with the task perfectly well, but only a little care is needed.

This is an irrigation method where water is supplied directly to the area to the roots. Which significantly increases the yield of country crops and the beauty of ornamental plants.

Advantage of the system:

1. Saving watering is that the water level is very low and accurate.

And most importantly, it is served in the amount that is needed for all cultures.

2. With conventional hose or watering cans, an earthen crust appears after the soil dries out. But with a point one, this does not exist. After all, the ground part will remain dry, which will prevent the formation of weeds. More will disappear various diseases to which seedlings are exposed in a humid environment.

3. Due to this irrigation, it is not necessary to constantly loosen the soil, as there is an improvement in air flow to the roots.

4. In this system, you can feed different cultures, but only liquid fertilizer.

5. If there is a timer, then a fully automated filing process can be made.

6. Leaves do not get burned in hot weather because water does not flow to them.

7. Wind and bad weather do not affect this type of irrigation.

In general, if you follow certain rules, this species last for many years:

• The water tank must be clean;
• The pipes are well flushed;
• Be sure to disassemble all connections and fittings in the fall;
• Filter cleaning.

Disadvantages:

1. For this system, you need to buy different parts.

2. Tapes can become clogged, so water filtration is a must.

3. Also, tapes and droppers tend to break mechanically.

4. For some crops, spot watering is not suitable due to the depth of the roots, so they definitely need sprinkler irrigation.

How to make drip irrigation yourself for a summer residence at no cost

I wanted to offer, in my opinion, the easiest way to spot irrigation from materials that any summer resident can find. In this case, you will have to buy the bare minimum. And for giving, especially when you are not there for a whole week, this is the most the best way.

We will need:

• Barrel - 250 liters;
• Cranes - 2 pcs.;
• Hose - as many meters as you need for wiring;
• Fittings - for connection;
• Pipe - to fill the container from the water supply;
• Sgon - 1 pc.;
• Nuts - 2 pcs.
• Clamp - 5 pcs.

1. We install a barrel near the house, while the height should be 1.5 - 2 meters. It is advisable to install the tank so that the water from drainpipe fell directly into the container and filled it with rainwater. If you do not have such an opportunity, then you can carry out a supply to draw water from the water supply, but only put a tap at the exit from the house in order to shut it off if it is full. It is also a good option to attach a float from the toilet at the beginning of the tank and as the water decreases, it will fill itself.

2. We drill holes in the barrel, select the size depending on what kind of squeegee you have, and fasten it with the help of nuts.

Important! Try to make the exit 5-7 cm above the bottom so that the hose through which the power will be supplied is not clogged with dirt.

3. Next, we assemble the system. We screw in a T-shaped adapter from the drive, attach a supply to fill the tank on one side, and a tap to shut off on the other. After it, it is desirable to put a filter, but I don’t have one, so I won’t put it, because we do everything from what we have (from improvised materials).

4. Well, now we assemble the system and run the hoses through the beds.

5. You can look at the picture for an approximate location of the hoses.

6. At the end of each drip hose We put the faucet to clean it in case of contamination.

7. Well, now we do watering ourselves near each plant. To do this, screw roofing screw and if you need it to drip faster, we unscrew it a little bit, but if it’s slower, then we twist it.

8. Thus, we adjust for ourselves, as you need. You can not appear in the country for a whole week, since the capacity for the greenhouse will be quite enough. In general, you yourself see no difficulty, and most importantly cheap.

Do-it-yourself drip irrigation installation from polypropylene pipes

In the last chapter, we considered the easiest way to irrigate. In this one, I wanted to describe the version in a more complicated way, but only for this we will have to buy some materials. There is no complexity in the system, and the result is shown in the picture.

We will need:

• Water tank - 200 - 250 liters;
• Polypropylene pipe;
• ball valve;
• Filter;
• Threaded fitting pitch 1.2;
• Angles.

1. The tank can be either metal or plastic. It should be fixed at a height of 1.5 - 2 meters for the best pressure.

2. We put a tap in the barrel, followed by a filter, at a height of 5 - 7 cm, so that it does not take dirt from the bottom and screw the adapter onto the main pipe to it.

3. We take polypropylene tees (since they are cheap) and cut them into threads 1.2 in diameter.

Also in the store you can buy ready-made internal thread, here is only your choice.

4. And we wrap a fitting into it, on which a drip hose will subsequently be put on.

5. We solder the main pipe with an adapter from the barrel. And already in it, in which place droppers are needed, we weld tees with a fitting.

6. We attach a spot hose to it.

7. We unfold the hose at the end of the greenhouse or garden bed using standard angles for it.

Important! The hose should drop droplets to the top.

It seems that I explained it normally, if it’s not clear, ask, I’ll answer in the comments.

Video tutorial on how to do-it-yourself watering in a greenhouse

An interesting way, the company Zhuk found on the Internet and I really liked it. Decided to show you. In the greenhouse, everything is clean and tidy, and most importantly - it works perfectly. It is not difficult to assemble such a system. All parts are sold in a package, there is even an awl for piercing the main hose under the droppers. In general, the guy explained clearly and understandably.

By the way, at the exit from the barrel, if anyone needs it, you can set a timer for a while so that he turns the water on and off for as long as necessary. Then it will be possible not to approach irrigation, everything will be automated.

I think the video is clear and easy. There will be no incomprehensible situations, since even the package contains instructions. The whole system is not expensive, around 4000 rubles, and the harvest will be very good. There is also special kit plumbing connections.

The secret of making watering from plastic bottles

I would like to tell you how easy it is to make a system of plastic bottles. I think this is the easiest option for gardeners. The most interesting thing is that you do not need to buy anything, only occasionally you will have to supplement them with water. For tomatoes and cucumbers, it is better not to.

It is advisable to take them of the old sample, square or made of thick plastic.

1. First you need to pierce holes in a bottle of 2 or 4 pcs. it all depends on how many plants you have around it. We make them at the same distance from the bottom, about 2 cm. Why should we do it at such a distance? Yes, so they don't crash.

By the way, the flow must be done depending on what kind of land you have. That is, if clay is present in it, then the best option is to pierce 1.5 mm., Respectively, if the soil absorbs water well, then 1 mm. will be quite sufficient. And its consumption is much less, that is, it will be enough for a week calmly. So try it yourself on your soil.

2. We dig a hole about 15 - 20 cm, insert it there with holes in front of each bush 20 cm from it and bury it. As soon as everything is done, bubbles should appear in it.

If you set it for the first time, then you can spill water by opening the lid. Then pour it again and close tightly. Further, the system will work by drip.

So try guys and you will succeed.

Do-it-yourself drip irrigation for plants from medical droppers

Here's another great way. Perfect for relaxing for a week away.

1. We buy medical droppers at the pharmacy. The issue price is about 20 rubles.

2. We spread the main pipe around the greenhouse, attach it to the barrel with a tap and a filter. I have already written above how and at what height to put the container, so I will not focus on this.

3. We drill holes in the unfolded and soldered pipe and insert the tip of the drip system tightly. In the flask where the liquid drips, there is a small filter right up to the dispenser. To make a bigger hole in it, you must first remove the hose. Then, using a needle, increase loosening in different directions and put it on again.

4. How much water needs to be fed into the hole, adjust the wheel.

If you are interested, you can watch a similar video on how to prepare the system.

Now I hope it is clear how easy it is to water your country house. It looks like all the options have been listed. Therefore, collect and use at your pleasure.

The garden and vegetable garden need timely watering especially during the hot summer months. The drip irrigation system is a real salvation for summer residents who do not want to spend the lion's share of the weekend dragging a watering hose around their site. Drip irrigation is the most rational way to supply plants with moisture, it does not allow the root system to dry out and lack nutrients, and also prevents the formation of a hard crust on the soil surface or erosion of the fertile layer.

Drip irrigation system device

The principle of operation of drip irrigation is to drip water directly to the root system of plants. Depending on the equipment used, moisture can be supplied both to the soil surface - using a drip tape or hose, and to the depth of the fertile layer - using droppers.

According to the type of water supply, the system can be gravity or forced. In the first case, water flows under the influence of gravity from a pre-filled tank of the required capacity, in the second - from a water supply system or from a pump connected to a well. Drip irrigation systems are designed for a pressure of no more than 2 atm., Therefore, a pressure regulator - a reducer - must be installed in the forced system. To create the necessary pressure in the gravity system, the tank is raised to a height of at least 1.5-2 meters.

Water from a tank or plumbing system is supplied to the irrigation site through main pipes with branches. As branches, standard fittings for drip irrigation are usually used, they are described below. The main pipes are laid along the fence, the walls of the greenhouse or just in the furrow, fixed with holders.

Drip lines are connected to the branches, passing along the rows of plants for the entire length of the beds. As drip lines, you can use a flexible drip tape with holes or a regular plastic pipe, to which droppers are connected through splitters. The ends of the drip lines are closed with plugs or flushing taps.

To avoid clogging of the system, a fine filter is installed at the outlet of the tank or at the place where it is connected to the water supply, as well as a valve valve or gearbox, with which the water supply is regulated.

Drip irrigation system design

For high-quality irrigation, droppers should be located at a distance of 30 cm from each other, while moistening the fertile layer occurs in 1-2 hours. Further watering is undesirable, as it leads to waterlogging and rotting of the root system, as well as to excessive water consumption. During this time, about 15-30 liters of water per square meter are consumed.

To achieve this irrigation mode, you need to correctly calculate the total length of the system or its individual sectors, as well as the capacity storage tank in the gravitational system. In a forced system, one cannot do without manual or automatic control watering. Manual control is suitable for gardeners living in the country: just open the tap and while you are resting or harvesting, the system will moisten the soil to the desired depth. If you are rarely in the country, you should purchase a controller that can be programmed for any period.

Tank Volume Calculation Example

The greenhouse has dimensions of 10x3.5 meters. The area of ​​the greenhouse is: 10 3.2 \u003d 32 m 2. We multiply the resulting value by 30 liters required for irrigation: 32 30 = 960 liters. Thus, a tank with a volume of 1 cubic meter is required for a greenhouse.

The tank must be installed at such a height that stable pressure is ensured in the system. When the tank is raised to a height of 2 meters, the pressure in the system will be 0.2 atm., Which is enough to irrigate about 50 m 2. If the plot area is larger, with the gravitational method of water supply, it is advisable to divide the irrigation system into sections and supply water to them alternately, or install a separate tank for each section. A pump that increases pressure will also help solve the problem - in this case, it must be maintained on the order of 2 atmospheres.

To ensure a stable pressure in the system, factors such as the diameter of the main pipes and drip lines are also important. A pipe with a diameter of 16 mm passes 600 liters of water per hour, it is quite enough to irrigate 30 m2 of land. If the area of ​​​​the site is larger, it is better to choose a pipe with a larger diameter: a 25 mm pipe will allow you to skip 1800 liters per hour and water a plot of about 100 square meters, a 32 mm pipe has a throughput of about 3 cubic meters, which is enough for a plot of 5 acres, and a 40 mm pipe - 4.2 cubic meters, or 7 acres.

The length of each drip line should not exceed 100 meters at any capacity of the main pipes. Typically, drip lines are connected in parallel at a distance equal to the distance between rows of plantings. In the case of watering fruit trees or bushes, drip lines are placed around them at a distance of 0.5-1 meter from the trunk.

Equipment and fittings

Before starting the installation of a drip irrigation system, it is necessary to draw a pipe layout plan and calculate required amount materials, connecting elements and equipment.

To install a water supply system, you need:

• A plastic or metal tank of the required volume or a pump that supplies water from a well;
• Valve valve;
• Controller - in case of installation of an automated system;
• ball valve;
• Pressure reducer;
• Fine filter;

Adapter for connection to the irrigation system.

The irrigation system includes the following elements:

• Plastic pipes with a cross section from 16 to 40 mm for main pipes;
• Drip tape or drip tubes complete with splitters and droppers;
• Fittings: faucets, tees, minifaucets, start connectors, adapters for connecting drip tape, plugs.

Mounting technology

1. Install the tank at a height of 1.5-2 meters or connect to the water supply system. An adapter is cut into the tank, onto which a valve tap is screwed with the help of a FUM tape - it is necessary to regulate the water supply. If the water in the tank comes from the water supply network, it can be equipped with shut-off valve float type, as in a drain tank.

   

2. After the tap, a programmable controller is installed that regulates the water supply depending on the specified program. You can set it to turn on daily or water every few days, and set the watering time. After the controller install ball valve to shut off the water supply.

   

3. To regulate the pressure, a reduction gear or a pump is installed in the supply system that increases the pressure. Working pressure - 1-2 atmospheres, with its increase, leaks may form at the junctions of tubes and droppers, with a decrease, water will flow unevenly. To purify water, the system is equipped with a fine filter - this will avoid blockages.
4. Plastic main pipes, cut into segments corresponding to the distance between the drip tubes, are connected to the supply system through splitters and adapters. Pipes are connected using tees. The last main pipe at the remote end is equipped with a flush valve - it will come in handy in case of clogging of the system.
5. Drip tapes or tubes are connected to the tees through adapters. The drip tape is flexible hose with perforation, drip irrigation is carried out through the holes. The tape is easily cut with a knife, its ends are bent and special clips are put on them, which play the role of a plug.

   

6. The drip tube is plastic pipe, usually its diameter does not exceed 16 mm. Holes for a splitter with a diameter of 3 mm are made in the tube from above at a distance of 30-60 cm. They are inserted into rubber seals and splitters, which can have 2 to 4 branches. Dropper hoses are inserted into the branches - plastic tubes with holes. Droppers are stuck into the ground next to the plants.

   

7. Perform system testing and determine required pressure, which is regulated by a gearbox or a valve valve on the tank.

Do-it-yourself installation of a drip irrigation system is not difficult; with the right calculation, drip irrigation can reduce the labor intensity of gardening and increase the yield by 1.5-2 times. For the winter, the system is easily disassembled: tubes and droppers are removed, water is drained from the tank, and control equipment is removed. If necessary, the system can be expanded or rescheduled. Its application is not limited garden plot, it can be successfully used in flower beds, balconies, lawns and in a greenhouse.

Video: connecting a drip irrigation system