Installation of a sewer tank. Installation of a storage tank for sewage

The arrangement of a private sewage system (cesspool) in a suburban area is one of the first tasks for a comfortable stay in the house. So, high-quality wastewater disposal will eliminate the need to inhale the stench and deal with used water using the bucket and watering method. Therefore, for the installation of a system for collecting and processing wastewater, it is necessary to carefully select containers for sewage, which will take on the “main impact” of wastewater.

Today, owners of private land choose a wastewater tank for a pit, not only depending on its price, but primarily on the type of material from which the sewage tank is made.

Important: before choosing a tank for collecting wastewater in a pit, it is necessary to carefully analyze the composition and properties of the soil on the site. After all, it is the soil that will exert its influence on the capacity from the outside.

Depending on preferences, owners of summer cottages and private estates can choose a container for drains from different materials. A brief overview of the advantages of certain types of containers for sewage will help to determine more precisely. So, the modern market offers such tanks.

Metal tanks

These can be either standard barrels or containers with holes for supplying pipes of the receiving pipe, or self-welded tanks. Such a container for a cesspool will do its job perfectly, but no more. That is, a metal tank will be a good storage, but, unfortunately, the metal is not suitable for using it to create biological stations for wastewater treatment. Since the metal is subject to corrosion, which means it will affect the chemical composition of the organic matter in the tank. Thus, the process of biological wastewater treatment will be disrupted.

The advantages of a metal container for sewerage are:

• Comparative cheapness;
• Sufficient ease of installation;
• The ability to create a drive from improvised means.

Of the minuses, we note only the tendency to corrosion, which means a short service life.

Important: after 3-5 years, a metal tank for drains will have to be dismantled and a new one installed.

Concrete storage

For a larger volume of drains and for the purpose of high reliability of the drive, many owners also use concrete rings as a material for creating a sewer tank. Concrete tanks in this case live up to expectations, but require a lot of effort for their installation. So, in addition to attracting special equipment for the installation of concrete rings, it will also be necessary to additionally seal the joints with bituminous mastic, as well as concrete the bottom in the pit.

Important: you can avoid processing joints if you use concrete rings with a euro lock. When connecting such elements, the lock closes, forming a tight joint.

The advantages of concrete tanks for sewerage are:

• Relative durability. Sewerage tanks made of concrete last up to 50 years with proper care.
• Solidity and immobility of the reservoir due to the large mass of concrete products. Thus, the ascent of the reservoir made of reinforced concrete is excluded.
• Resistance to aggressive environment, in which there will always be a concrete tank.

The disadvantages of such tanks include:

• High hygroscopicity of concrete. And this means that over time, the concrete well will be saturated with moisture from the soil and moisture from the inside, which will lead to the inevitable destruction of the walls of the container, or at least the appearance of cracks in it. As a result, you will have to clean the drive and carry out costly repairs.
• The need to attract special equipment for the installation of rings. And for this it is necessary to ensure the access of cars to the intended place, which is not always possible without prejudice to landscape design.
• The risk of shifting the concrete structure over time under the influence of heaving soil. As a result, the tightness of the well for drains will be broken, and significant damage will be caused to nature.

brick tanks

This type of tanks can be created independently if there are excess bricks on the site. This type of sewerage tank can be used if the volume of effluents is minimal and the frequency of sewage use is minimized. The fact is that brick, like concrete, is hygroscopic and will accumulate moisture over time. After that, it will begin to conduct it into the ground, and this threatens to infect the soil.

Important: bricklaying for a sewer tank in a country house must be carried out in two rows in order to strengthen the walls of the sewage pit. In this case, the drive will need to be treated with mastic on both sides.

Advantages of a brick drive:

• Ease of building a pit in the country;
• The ability to save the budget and make a drive from improvised means;
• The ability to independently vary the volume of the sewage tank for the needs of the house / cottage.

The disadvantages of such a tank include:

• The need for additional concreting of the bottom for the tightness of the sewage tank.
• Short service life. Such a storage tank will remain airtight for 5-7 years at the most, then the walls will crack and runoff will flow into the ground, which threatens to contaminate water in wells or wells, especially if the groundwater in the area is high.
• The possibility of destruction of brick walls under the influence of moving and heaving soils.

Plastic containers

Plastic septic tanks are one of the most popular tanks today. Such containers for sewerage are presented on the modern market in a variety of designs and volumes. The special manufacturing technology of such tanks makes it possible to create a polymer whose strength withstands high tensile and compressive loads. Therefore, polymer containers are not afraid of any movement of the soil and its heaving.

Advantages of plastic tanks:

• Maximum lightness of the product. To transport plastic cesspools, even one car is enough.
• Based on the low weight of the structure, simplifies the installation of the product. So, you can install plastic containers for sewage into the ground with just four hands, inviting a neighbor.
• The price of the finished product allows you not to think about the maximum cost of sewerage. The cost of a polymer tank is several times less than all those listed above.
• In addition, plastic sewer tanks absolutely inert to aggressive environment. Thus, the service life of the reservoir can be calculated in tens of years.

Important: the only condition for the high-quality installation of such a storage tank is its anchoring to a concrete slab and the creation of a concrete / clay backfill around the tank. This will prevent the tank from surfacing, which can feel like a float in the ground.

The disadvantage of plastic tanks is their fragility under the influence of low temperatures. Therefore, during installation, it is also desirable to make a backfill from the insulation.

Polypropylene tanks

This polymer composition is many times stronger than even plastic, since emollients have been added to the composition for plasticity. As a result, polypropylene containers for sewage received a number of advantages:

• Resistant to temperature changes and non-susceptibility to cracking as a result of their impact.
• The durability of the service of the sewer structure. Tanks made of polypropylene serve from 100 years.
• The absolute water resistance of the containers allows you not to worry about the state of the sources in the country house or near the country house.
• Resistance to aggressive media and steam (during sterilization).
• The presence of thick tank walls from 0.5 to 2 cm. At the same time, the tanks are equipped with stiffeners, which additionally protects the tanks from floating out of the ground.

Containers made of polyethylene

This is the most durable type of wastewater tanks. Such containers for sewerage are made with the addition of fiberglass threads to the composition of polymers. As a result, the walls of the tank perfectly resist heaving of the soil and its shifts. However, it is worth remembering that smooth compression and stretching of polyethylene containers for sewage is permissible and acceptable for the tank, but a sharp blow can damage the plane and lead to a crack.

The advantages of PET waste tanks are:

• Light weight of the product;
• Various tank configurations from square to spherical;
• Long service life (from 30 to 50 years);
• Resistance to aggressive environments.

Of the minuses of such tanks, only their fragility relative to a sharp mechanical impact.

Important: PET containers for sewerage must also be anchored and covered with concrete.

Principles for choosing a finished tank for drains

In order for the cesspool to remain airtight for a long time and work efficiently to receive wastewater, it is necessary to carefully choose a sewage tank. So, stick to these principles:

• The sewer tank must have walls at least 1.5 cm thick.
• It is desirable that the storage tank for sewerage already has ready-made holes for supplying a receiving pipe and draining wastewater.
• The presence of an inspection hatch in such a sewer tank is mandatory.
• The volume of the finished tank for the sewer pit should be calculated at the rate of 1 m3 per family member permanently residing in the country / house.

Important: and do not forget about the rules for high-quality installation of the drive (capacity for sewerage). Such a pit will serve faithfully without a threat to the environment.

The problem of waste disposal in a private house is easily solved by installing a sewer tank. One-piece containers are produced on an industrial scale at various polymer industries and serve to accumulate and prevent wastewater from entering the soil. The main difference between such containers and the usual ones is the need to pump out as they fill up, since the waste water does not go anywhere.

The most common of the solutions for creating sewers:

The old version of the installation of sewerage - concrete rings . They are used quite often, but it is almost impossible to achieve complete sealing of the sewer when using rings;
Steel tanks - as an option. They can provide complete sealing of wastewater from the ground, however, the service life is not long, the tanks are subject to corrosion and destruction of walls and joints;
Plastic tanks. To date, this is the best option for arranging sewerage. The plastic tank for the sewerage is not exposed to corrosion, serves long and does not need leaving.

When choosing a container for sewage, special attention should be paid to its volume. A large tank will rarely have to be pumped out, but this factor is also affected by the number of residents and the duration of use of the sewer. The cost increases in proportion to the listed factors. You also need to keep in mind that a larger capacity will take up more space.

The calculation of the required volume is quite simple, it must be assumed that the capacity is usually pumped out once a month in the case of permanent residence. It is generally accepted that 1 person consumes 20-50 liters of sewage water per day. If the family consists of 3 people, then the flow rate into the tank per month will be: 3 people x 50 liters per day x 30 days = 4500 liters. Therefore, the storage capacity must exceed the volume of the result obtained.

Also, when choosing a container, it is advisable to clarify what volume the sewage truck serving your area has. It is desirable that the volume of the container does not exceed the volume of the tank of the car, so as not to overpay for the trips of a specialized car of a larger volume. If the volume of the storage tank that you installed is insufficient, then over time it is better to install another one nearby, and you can overflow from the first to the second using a pipe segment.

A number of requirements are imposed on the place where it is allowed to install a container for sewerage:

The container should not be located closer than 3 m from the foundation of the house;
the tank should be located at the lowest point of the site, which will minimize the amount of earthwork;
it is imperative to equip the access routes for the sewage truck, otherwise it will not be possible to pump out the sewer;
if possible, it is necessary to place the container as far as possible from the wells of water intake stations, wells.

Storage tanks for sewerage are installed underground. All work includes several steps:

Excavation. At this stage, a pit is being dug under the container, and the pit must exceed the size of the container;
sewer pipes are brought to the pit;
the bottom of the pit is covered with a layer of gravel about 20 cm thick, carefully rammed. This layer is necessary so that groundwater can bypass the sewer tank;
lay a layer of waterproofing;
pour a pillow of gravel with a layer of concrete, which prevents the container from sinking as it is filled. When subsidence, sewer pipes can be deformed and the tightness can be broken. Concrete also serves as a reliable base for fixing the container, avoiding the possibility of the container floating in the spring;
after the concrete has completely dried, the container is installed in the pit;
connect the container with sewer pipes and fix it with nylon slings on a concrete slab;
if necessary, connect a level sensor, which helps to monitor the filling of the container;
check the tightness of all joints, perform a test drain;
fill the voids along the edges of the container with soil;
closing the hatch, pour the container from above.

Some companies offer turnkey installation of tanks, while the company itself prepares the pit. If you need to save a little, you can prepare the pit yourself, and control the layer-by-layer backfilling of the container and the connection of the sewer pipe. Remember that this will allow you to be confident in the correctness and reliability of the work! Due to the lack of electrical equipment in the service tank, a plastic sewage tank is not required.

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Products described in this article:

• Sewage tank С2000

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  Plastic container for a septic tank for domestic wastewater for 2000 liters.Dimensions 1330 mm x 2270 mm. Height 1550 mm. Weight 80 kg.

Drainage and drainage diverts excess water either into a special drive, or simply outside the site. A storage tank for sewerage in a country house or in a private house is a necessary element of the drainage and drainage system.

Kinds

The storage tank is a well designed for settling and accumulating waste liquids from the sewer. The main purpose of this reservoir is not just the accumulation of wastewater, but the protection of the environment from pollution by them.

Classification is made according to the materials from which the well is made, and containers. Storage tanks for organizing sewage are plastic, concrete and metal. Plastic ones are the most convenient to use and easy to install. They are light, durable, not damaged by water, but at the same time they have some disadvantages.

In particular, plastic is susceptible to deformation under the influence of the pressure of the earth masses. To avoid this, they are installed either in a pre-prepared pit with fixed walls, or placed in a metal casing (mesh of reinforcement).

There are such reservoirs:

1. From PVC. The most common and affordable. On average, they have a wall thickness of up to 4 centimeters, light, durable, flexible;
2. Fiberglass. Reinforced with fiberglass, they perfectly tolerate the effects of water and temperature changes, but are destroyed by direct sunlight.

A concrete well is a standard drain pit. Effluent is very rarely diverted from it for further use. Most of these storages are located underground. They are:

1. Open. No bottom. In this case, some of the liquid simply goes into the soil;
2. Closed. They have a bottom and need periodic pumping of sewage.

Ideal for organizing the work of a storm or drainage system, it is very easy to equip them with your own hands. There are two installation options: buy a ready-made concrete container or dig a pit, make a formwork in it and pour the container over it. They can be made of reinforced concrete rings, square shapes. One of the main drawbacks of concrete storage tanks is their limited service life - they begin to break down after 10 years of use (for comparison, plastic lasts up to 50).

Metal tanks must be additionally protected against corrosion with special paints or enamels. They are considered more convenient than concrete, but less practical than plastic ones. In particular, they cannot be installed without additional help.

Also, containers can be of different types of location. They can be installed vertically or horizontally. A vertical wastewater tank is used in narrow areas where it is not possible to prepare a large pit for a storage tank. Horizontal are standard and are applied on any possible types of sites.

Payment

Before you buy a storage tank for sewage, you need to calculate its required volume. Many factors are taken into account to obtain the most accurate results. The most important of them is the number of people living in the house. On average, one adult uses 200 liters of water per day, in certain cases this figure can reach 500 and more.

Another important indicator is the cleaning time of the autonomous system. On average, wells need to be cleaned of water once every 30 days, but, depending on how much the drive has, this period can be extended up to 3 months. Here is an example of a calculation for a family of two people consuming 300 liters of water per day for each:

300 * 2 \u003d 600 liters, this is exactly how much is drained into the tank daily.

Let's assume that it is planned to clean the tank no more than once every 60 days. Means:

600 * 60 \u003d 36,000 liters - the approximate capacity of the storage well. 1 cube - 1000 liters, so you need to look for a drive of at least 36 cubic meters. Such models are often provided by plastic tank manufacturers.

Please note that if there is a child in the family, then it is better to consider the volume consumed by him, as for an adult - then the tank will be with a margin. Also, when choosing a drive, experts draw the attention of buyers to the fact that the maximum water level in the tank should be no higher than 1 meter to the lid.

Installation

The price for the installation of storage tanks for sewage depends on the type and area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe device, place of residence and features of work. On average, they ask up to $ 20 for the installation of a small well.

Out-of-town construction is being carried out at an active pace, and not all areas under construction have central water supply and sewerage. Nevertheless, given the fact that modern summer residents and owners of country houses strive for comfort, it follows that in any case they will carry out sewerage in their houses and they also need irrigation water for vegetable gardens. Hoping only for gifts in the form of rain from nature is not worth it.

Consequently, the owners will face the problem of storage tanks for water and sewerage. Storage tanks can perform many tasks:

• remove wastewater, concentrating them (from cottages, country houses, buildings for various purposes);
• storage tanks are also used in production in treatment facilities;
• in the industry of chemical products, harmful effluents are collected in storage tanks to be disposed of later;
• used for food storage.

Types of storage tanks

Tanks for collecting wastewater and other purposes are different kinds, types, sizes, from various materials and at different prices. The market is full, any private trader or industrialist can find at his request:

• septic tank (with and without a sensor);
• storage capacity (or tank) from 20 thousand to 2 thousand liters.

This technical device is designed to collect sewage effluents for household needs, in order to subsequent cleaning and discharge into the soil or sewage treatment.

Most often, septic tanks are used in residential buildings or industrial facilities where there is no tie-in to the city sewer.

Septic tanks have their positive aspects:

• they are sealed;
• constructions are light;
• long-term in use;
• have good resistance to corrosion and chemical reaction.

A storage septic tank is a design designed to collect sewer drains, a kind of cesspool, but improved, moreover, produced by the industry for self-assembly.

Septic tanks come with and without sensors. If the customer wishes, the septic tank is completed with fullness sensor at the specified level. When the container is filled to a certain level, the sensor gives a signal. Of course, this is very convenient to use.

Septic tanks, like cesspools, periodically needs to be cleaned with the help of public utilities, therefore, the sewage collector should be conveniently located for the entrance of the sewage truck, but not very close to drinking water wells, if any are available or are planned on the site.

When choosing the size of a septic tank for a private house or cottage, it is necessary to take into account that the average flow per person per day is 200 cu. mm, according to sanitary minima 2.04.03-85.

Storage tanks with a volume of 2 thousand liters are produced with a diameter of 1100 mm and a length of 2100 mm, and containers for 20 thousand liters - 3000 mm in diameter and 11600 mm long. That is, it is clearly seen that it is possible to choose the most varied reservoir for waste water collection. Naturally, the larger the capacity, the more expensive it is.

Storage tank - a sealed, cylindrical tank is used for collection and storage Wastewater.

It is correct to use them by including them in the scheme of the central city sewerage system. In the event of an accident, these treated effluents can be used as reserve volume of water.

Such containers are made mainly of fiberglass, have several advantages in front of containers made of other materials:

• they are resistant to chemical compounds;
• do not require additional fasteners;
• withstand various seasonal temperature changes;
• produced in different sizes;
• they are not very heavy in weight, which is convenient when they are installed underground;
• long-term in operation (serve over 40 years);
• it is possible to order containers according to individual drawings, this does not affect their technical characteristics in further use;
• it is possible to connect several containers at once to increase the working volume;
• it is possible to manufacture a container from several sections for deeper water purification (similar to a septic tank);
• tanks can be transported by any type of transport;
• the inside of the tank is smooth - this is good when drains pass, since they will not form congestion;
• storage tanks when installed underground do not require permission from the sanitary services, as they are absolutely sealed and made of very durable material;
• for containers, the type of soil has no restrictions, due to the highly resistant material from which they are made;
• storage tanks are also successfully used for watering the garden, since clean water can be accumulated, and being on the surface, the tank heats up in the sun, thereby warming the water;
• in conditions where there are problems with drinking water, drinking water is stored in these containers;
• containers can also be used for food storage;
• if necessary, various liquids can be transported in these containers.

Storage tanks are beneficial in that they are completely isolate wastewater from falling into the soil. This is environmentally justified and therefore they are most suitable for use in sewers.

Requirements for the operation of storage tanks

Storage tanks are produced as a finished product and require certain norms to keep them running:

Prices for storage tanks

An approximate list of prices for storage tanks is indicated in the table:

The price is indicated for the use of the tank underground; deepening up to 2.5 m., input/output of a PVC pipe from 110 to 160 mm.

In places where there is no centralized sewerage system, special sealed containers are used to solve the problem of collecting and storing domestic wastewater. They are also used in production as accumulators for industrial and chemical waste.

This article will tell you about the features of the structure, installation and operation of sealed sewer tanks.

Most often, containers for sewerage, in order to save space in the local area, as well as for aesthetic reasons, are installed underground. Their size is in direct proportion to the expected volume of wastewater and the planned frequency of emptying the tanks.

Usually, in all modern country or country houses there is a centralized water supply, so the issue of discharging used water and other sewage waste is very relevant. It is best to start sewerage construction at the stage of building a house.

If the laying of the sewer was not started in a timely manner, this will subsequently create some difficulties.

In its structure, the sewer system in a country house is not much different from the one that works in city apartments. The only and main difference is that wastewater is not disposed of centrally, but on its own in private.

Options for arranging the sewerage system

In a private house, the most common sewerage solutions are:

• storage tank;
• Cesspool;
• Septic tank;
• Local treatment facilities (LOC).

Each of these methods of arranging sewage has its own characteristics. And, choosing the most suitable of them, one should take into account such nuances as the geological features of the area, the parameters of the land plot, the number of drains, as well as the number of residents of the house. septic tank

Useful information! Of the above methods, the most affordable and for a long time very popular among the population is a cesspool. However, from the point of view of ecology, this is not the best option, since the runoff masses from the cesspool can partially seep into the environment.

The installation of an autonomous sewage system (another name is a septic tank), due to its high price, today not everyone can afford. Moreover, often one such capacity for a full-fledged sewage system is not enough. In addition, the water purified in the septic tank then needs to be further purified in the drainage field.

LOK are miniature analogues of urban wastewater treatment plants. The water purified with their help is suitable for technical and irrigation work on the site. But this cleaning method has its drawbacks - the high cost and dependence of the LOC on electricity.

If the house is located within the boundaries of urban development or the level of groundwater in the area is high, then in this case it is impossible to install sewage treatment plants. The way out in this situation will be the use of sealed containers for sewage. When installing such a container, it is important to choose a place for its location, to which it will be convenient for a sewage truck to drive up for waste disposal.

Arrangement of an individual sewer system in a private house

Installing a sealed storage tank is an excellent solution for arranging an autonomous sewer system in a private house. It allows you to reliably isolate waste and wastewater, thereby preventing their entry into the environment.

The inconvenience of such a sewage system lies in the need to empty it through drain holes. The frequency with which it is necessary to repeat this procedure depends both on the volume of the tank itself and on the effluents entering it.

Advice! If 4-6 residents live in the house, then the optimal volume of sewer capacity for the needs of such a family will be 10-12 m².

In addition to this advice, it is also worth taking into account the individual needs of those living in the house (how much water is spent per day for bathing and other needs).

Cottages and other large houses, as a rule, need storage tanks from 5 to 15 thousand liters.

For ease of use, there are models of sewer tanks equipped with a sensor that controls the filling. When the container is filled to a state close to full load, the sensor signals this.

Often the sewer system is one with the storage tank. A properly installed tank can serve as a sewer for your family for many years. There are two pipes in the tank, one for filling with sewage, the other for draining it.

Moving through the receiving pipe, wastewater enters the storage tank, where it is subsequently stored. The top of the container usually has a maintenance opening through which waste is pumped out as needed.

Sometimes there may be a maintenance well instead of a hole. Sewer water is pumped out of the tank using sewage trucks, special pumps or other auxiliary equipment.

Video footage. Storage tank installation.

Maintenance of storage sewer tanks

As a rule, the only type of maintenance that storage containers need is their timely emptying.

The kit for arranging an individual sewerage system includes:

1. Storage tank (made of plastic or metal);
2. Service openings;
3. Covers for maintenance openings;
4. Pipes for supply and outflow of sewage;
5. Technological supports required for tank installation;
6. Fill level sensor (installed at the request of the customer).

Choosing a place for a storage tank, the main recommendations:

1. The slope of the terrain should be taken into account and the tank should be installed below the level of the house.
2. Make sure that there is a convenient access road (4-5 meters wide) to the sewer tank for supplying sewage equipment.
3. It is preferable to place the tank near the house (distance up to 5 m). If this is not possible, then it is necessary to provide the sewerage system with additional wells that allow technical work to be carried out, for example, removing blockages.
4. If you have installed a filling control sensor on the container, you need to place a signaling device from it in the house so that you can track its readings and not miss the right moment to pump out sewage water.